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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Antiquity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legend" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legend"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Legend</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legend-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaic_and_Classical_Periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaic_and_Classical_Periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Archaic and Classical Periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaic_and_Classical_Periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hellenistic_and_Roman_Periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hellenistic_and_Roman_Periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Hellenistic and Roman Periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hellenistic_and_Roman_Periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venetian_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venetian_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Venetian rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venetian_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French,_Ionian_state_period_and_British_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French,_Ionian_state_period_and_British_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>French, Ionian state period and British rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French,_Ionian_state_period_and_British_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Union_with_Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Union_with_Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Union with Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Union_with_Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earthquake_of_1953" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earthquake_of_1953"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Earthquake of 1953</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earthquake_of_1953-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Recent history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population:_historical_evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population:_historical_evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Population: historical evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population:_historical_evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecclesiastical_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecclesiastical_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ecclesiastical history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecclesiastical_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mountains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mountains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Mountains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mountains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Capes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Capes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Capes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Capes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Flora</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olive_oil_production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olive_oil_production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Olive oil production</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olive_oil_production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Monasteries_and_churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monasteries_and_churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Monasteries and churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monasteries_and_churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature_and_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature_and_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Literature and film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature_and_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Higher education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Baseball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baseball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Baseball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baseball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cycling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cycling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Cycling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cycling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Football_(soccer)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football_(soccer)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Football (soccer)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football_(soccer)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Other sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Harbours_and_ports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Harbours_and_ports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Harbours and ports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Harbours_and_ports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Public transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Airport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people_and_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people_and_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notable people and residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people_and_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cephalonia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="كيفالونيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيفالونيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A5%D6%86%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1_(%D5%AF%D5%B2%D5%A6%D5%AB)" title="Քեֆալոնիա (կղզի) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Քեֆալոնիա (կղզի)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefaliniya" title="Kefaliniya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kefaliniya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="কেফালোনিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কেফালোনিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кефалінія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кефалінія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кефалінія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кефалінія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кефалония – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кефалония" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefal%C3%B2nia" title="Cefalònia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cefalònia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia_Island" title="Kefalonia Island – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kefalonia Island" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceffalonia" title="Ceffalonia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ceffalonia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalloni%C3%A1" title="Kefalloniá – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kefalloniá" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%AC" title="Κεφαλονιά – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κεφαλονιά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefalonia" title="Cefalonia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cefalonia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonio" title="Kefalonio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kefalonio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zefalonia" title="Zefalonia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zefalonia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کیفالونیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کیفالونیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9phalonie" title="Céphalonie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Céphalonie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefalonia" title="Cefalonia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cefalonia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BC%80%ED%8C%94%EB%A1%9C%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84%EC%84%AC" title="케팔로니아섬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="케팔로니아섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonija" title="Kefalonija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kefalonija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кефалини – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кефалини" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefalonia" title="Cefalonia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cefalonia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94" title="קפלוניה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קפלוניה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephallenia" title="Cephallenia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cephallenia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kephallonia" title="Kephallonia – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kephallonia" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonija" title="Kefalonija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kefalonija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefaloni%C3%A1" title="Kefaloniá – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kefaloniá" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Кефалонија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кефалонија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="كيفالونيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كيفالونيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%AD%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E5%B3%B6" title="ケファロニア島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケファロニア島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefallinia" title="Kefallinia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kefallinia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefaloni%C3%A1" title="Kefaloniá – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kefaloniá" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefaliniya" title="Kefaliniya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kefaliniya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalinia" title="Kefalinia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kefalinia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefal%C3%B4nia" title="Cefalônia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cefalônia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefalonia" title="Cefalonia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cefalonia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кефалиния – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кефалиния" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefalonia" title="Cefalonia – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Cefalonia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qefalonia" title="Qefalonia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Qefalonia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cifalonia" title="Cifalonia – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cifalonia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonija" title="Kefalonija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kefalonija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8E%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کێفالونیا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کێفالونیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Кефалонија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кефалонија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonija" title="Kefalonija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kefalonija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefaloni%C3%A1" title="Kefaloniá – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kefaloniá" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalinia" title="Kefalinia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kefalinia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="เซฟาโลเนีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เซฟาโลเนีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonya" title="Kefalonya – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kefalonya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кефалонія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кефалонія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کیفالونیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیفالونیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalonia" title="Cephalonia – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cephalonia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefalonia" title="Kefalonia – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kefalonia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E6%B3%95%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B2%9B" title="凯法利尼亚岛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="凯法利尼亚岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E6%B3%95%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B3%B6" title="凱法利尼亞島 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="凱法利尼亞島" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E6%B3%95%E6%B4%9B%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B3%B6" title="凱法洛尼亞島 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="凱法洛尼亞島" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q178488#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_15_54_N_20_33_09_E_type:city(36064)_region:GR-F"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°15′54″N</span> <span class="longitude">20°33′09″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.26500°N 20.55250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.26500; 20.55250</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Largest of the Ionian Islands, Greece</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Regional unit in Greece</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow 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.ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Cephalonia</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="el"><small>Περιφερειακή ενότητα</small><br />Κεφαλληνίας</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Regional_units_of_Greece" title="Regional units of Greece">Regional unit</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asos,_Kefalonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Asos"><img alt="View of Asos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Asos%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/270px-Asos%2C_Kefalonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Asos%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/405px-Asos%2C_Kefalonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Asos%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/540px-Asos%2C_Kefalonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">View of <a href="/wiki/Asos" title="Asos">Asos</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:270px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:270px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:270px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greece_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cephalonia is located in Greece"><img alt="Cephalonia is located in Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Greece_location_map.svg/270px-Greece_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Greece_location_map.svg/405px-Greece_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Greece_location_map.svg/540px-Greece_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1003" data-file-height="825" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:50.473%;left:13.449%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cephalonia"><img alt="Cephalonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Cephalonia</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:line; margin-top:2px"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="font-size:115%; height:auto; padding-right:2em;">Cephalonia within the Ionian Islands</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2011_Dimos_Kefalonias.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2011_Dimos_Kefalonias.png/146px-2011_Dimos_Kefalonias.png" decoding="async" width="146" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2011_Dimos_Kefalonias.png/219px-2011_Dimos_Kefalonias.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2011_Dimos_Kefalonias.png/293px-2011_Dimos_Kefalonias.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1366" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_15_54_N_20_33_09_E_type:city(36064)_region:GR-F"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°15′54″N</span> <span class="longitude">20°33′09″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.26500°N 20.55250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.26500; 20.55250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Greece" title="Regions of Greece">Administrative region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands_(region)" title="Ionian Islands (region)">Ionian Islands</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seat</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">773 km<sup>2</sup> (298 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,628 m (5,341 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021)<sup id="cite_ref-census21_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census21-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">36,064</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">47/km<sup>2</sup> (120/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">EET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Greece" title="Postal codes in Greece">Postal code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">280 xx</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Greece" title="Telephone numbers in Greece">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">267x0</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Greece" title="Vehicle registration plates of Greece">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">ΚΕ</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kefallonia.gov.gr">www<wbr />.kefallonia<wbr />.gov<wbr />.gr</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kefalonia</b> or <b>Cephalonia</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Κεφαλονιά</span>), formerly also known as <b>Kefallinia</b> or <b>Kephallonia</b> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Κεφαλληνία</span></span>), is the largest of the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a><sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in western <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> and the 6th largest island in Greece after <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea">Euboea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lesbos" title="Lesbos">Lesbos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chios" title="Chios">Chios</a>. It is also a separate <a href="/wiki/Regional_units_of_Greece" title="Regional units of Greece">regional unit</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands_(region)" title="Ionian Islands (region)">Ionian Islands</a> region. It was a former Latin Catholic diocese <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Cephalonia_and_Zakynthos" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Cephalonia and Zakynthos">Kefalonia–Zakynthos</a> (Cefalonia–Zante) and short-lived <a href="/wiki/Titular_see" title="Titular see">titular see</a> as just Kefalonia. The capital city of Cephalonia is <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kallikratis_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kallikratis-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiquity">Antiquity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Antiquity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legend">Legend</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legend"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Melissani-exc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Melissani-exc.jpg/220px-Melissani-exc.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Melissani-exc.jpg/330px-Melissani-exc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Melissani-exc.jpg/440px-Melissani-exc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Excavations from Melissani in the <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Argostoli" title="Archaeological Museum of Argostoli">Archaeological Museum of Argostoli</a></figcaption></figure> <p>An <i><a href="/wiki/Aitiology" class="mw-redirect" title="Aitiology">aition</a></i> explaining the name of Cephallenia and reinforcing its cultural connections with <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> associates the island with the mythological figure of <a href="/wiki/Cephalus" title="Cephalus">Cephalus</a>, who helped <a href="/wiki/Amphitryon" title="Amphitryon">Amphitryon</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mycenae" title="Mycenae">Mycenae</a> in a war against the <a href="/wiki/Taphians" title="Taphians">Taphians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teleboans" title="Teleboans">Teleboans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was rewarded with the island of <a href="/wiki/Same_(ancient_Greece)" class="mw-redirect" title="Same (ancient Greece)">Same</a>, which thereafter came to be known as Cephallenia. </p><p>Kefalonia has also been suggested as the <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Ithaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Ithaca">Homeric Ithaca</a>, the home of <a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a>, rather than <a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(island)" title="Ithaca (island)">the smaller island bearing this name today</a>. Robert Bittlestone, in his book <i><a href="/wiki/Odysseus_Unbound" title="Odysseus Unbound">Odysseus Unbound</a></i>, has suggested that <a href="/wiki/Paliki" title="Paliki">Paliki</a>, now a peninsula of Cephalonia, was a separate island during the late <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>, and it may be this which Homer was referring to when he described Ithaca. A project which started in the summer of 2007 and lasted three years has examined this possibility.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kefalonia is also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Georgikos/Britomartis.html">referenced</a> in relation to the goddess <a href="/wiki/Britomartis" title="Britomartis">Britomartis</a>, as the location where she is said to have 'received divine honours from the inhabitants under the name of <a href="/wiki/Laphria_(goddess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Laphria (goddess)">Laphria</a>'. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Archaic_and_Classical_Periods">Archaic and Classical Periods</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Archaic and Classical Periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From at least the 6th century BC the island was dominated by four city-states (<i>poleis</i>): <a href="/wiki/Pale_(Greece)" title="Pale (Greece)">Pale</a> (modern Lixouri), <a href="/wiki/Cranii" title="Cranii">Cranii</a> (mod. Argostoli), <a href="/wiki/Same_(polis)" title="Same (polis)">Same</a> (mod. Sami) and <a href="/wiki/Pronnoi" title="Pronnoi">Pronnoi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All four minted their own coins, as well as building monumental temples and fortifications, both in the cities themselves and in the surrounding countryside. Ancient writers generally paid little attention to the island throughout antiquity, but there are some notable references, and it seems that the Kefalonian cities were involved in developments and events across the wider Greek world. A certain <a href="/wiki/Melampus" title="Melampus">Melampous</a>, from Kefalonia, won the Lyre and Song contest at the <a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a> at <a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a> in 582 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 200 hoplites from Pale fought alongside other Greeks against the Persians in the decisive battle at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plataea" title="Battle of Plataea">Plataea</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and all four Kefalonian cities allied with <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The island was of strategic value to the Athenians, as it lies close to the entry to the Bay of Corinth. The Corinthians attempted, unsuccessfully, to attack Krane in 431 BC, and, 10 years later, Athens settled a group of Spartan deserters on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, a group of Kefalonian soldiers were recruited by the Athenian general <a href="/wiki/Demosthenes_(general)" title="Demosthenes (general)">Demosthenes</a> as part of the ill-fated <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Expedition" title="Sicilian Expedition">Sicilian Expedition</a> in 415-413 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hellenistic_and_Roman_Periods">Hellenistic and Roman Periods</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hellenistic and Roman Periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kefalonian cities retained close ties with Athens after the end of the Peloponnesian War, despite the Spartan victory. Athenian influence, including heavy direct taxation in the 4th century BC, may have been a stimulus for a new planned and fortified town at Same, which increasingly seems to have dominated the smaller <i>polis</i> of Pronnoi.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Kefalonian cities once again contributed troops and ships to broader Greek military events, this time <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a>'s invasion and conquest of the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian Empire</a>. In the subsequent centuries, the island was drawn ever close to the <a href="/wiki/Aetolian_League" title="Aetolian League">Aetolian League</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, it was invaded by the Macedonian king <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Macedon" title="Philip V of Macedon">Philip V</a> in 218 BC<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman republic</a> in 189 BC, who conquered Same after a protracted siege.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From then onwards, Kefalonia lost its strategic importance, and so declined in social and economic terms. Archaeologically, the Roman period is dominated by lavish villas on the coasts, contrasted with little activity in the old towns.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ancient links to Athens seem to have remained strong, as the emperor <a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a> gifted the island to the city during his reign.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kastro_Kefalonia_church.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kastro_Kefalonia_church.JPG/220px-Kastro_Kefalonia_church.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kastro_Kefalonia_church.JPG/330px-Kastro_Kefalonia_church.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kastro_Kefalonia_church.JPG/440px-Kastro_Kefalonia_church.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Evangelistria Church, St. George's castle.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the late <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, Cephalonia was part of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">Roman province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Achaea_(Roman_province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Achaea (Roman province)">Achaea</a>. Ecclesiastically it was a suffragan of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_of_Nicopolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolis of Nicopolis">Metropolis of Nicopolis</a> (the eparchy of Epirus I).<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The four ancient cities of the island survived into <a href="/wiki/Late_antiquity" title="Late antiquity">late antiquity</a>, with Sami probably as the island's capital.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the loss of the bulk of Italy, and the expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> into the Western Mediterranean, the island became a strategically important base of operations for the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> in the area, blocking Muslim raids into the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic">Adriatic</a> and serving as a bridge for expeditions in Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Already from the 8th century, it was the centre of the namesake <a href="/wiki/Theme_(Byzantine_district)" title="Theme (Byzantine district)">theme</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cephallenia_(theme)" title="Cephallenia (theme)">Cephallenia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, the capital was moved to the <a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Saint_George,_Cephalonia" title="Castle of Saint George, Cephalonia">Castle of Saint George</a>, a more well-protected site in the island's interior.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mardaites" title="Mardaites">Mardaites</a> were resettled in Cephalonia to serve as marines, and political prisoners were sometimes exiled there.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The loss of <a href="/wiki/Catepanate_of_Italy" title="Catepanate of Italy">Byzantine Italy</a> in 1071 diminished Cephalonia's importance, and its administration passed from a military <i><a href="/wiki/Strategos" title="Strategos">strategos</a></i> to a civilian judge (<i><a href="/wiki/Krites" class="mw-redirect" title="Krites">krites</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its main city was besieged by the <a href="/wiki/Italo-Normans" title="Italo-Normans">Italo-Normans</a> in 1085, and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetians</a> plundered the island in 1126.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cephalonia was captured during the <a href="/wiki/Third_Norman_invasion_of_the_Balkans" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Norman invasion of the Balkans">Third Norman invasion of the Balkans</a> in 1185, and it became part of the <a href="/wiki/County_palatine_of_Cephalonia_and_Zakynthos" class="mw-redirect" title="County palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos">County palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Kingdom of Sicily</a> and Venetian suzerainty, until its last Count <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_III_Tocco" title="Leonardo III Tocco">Leonardo III Tocco</a> was defeated and the island conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> in 1479.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ODB_15-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Venetian_rule">Venetian rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Venetian rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands_under_Venetian_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionian Islands under Venetian rule">Ionian Islands under Venetian rule</a></div> <p>Turkish rule lasted only until 1500, when Cephalonia was <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Castle_of_St._George" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of the Castle of St. George">captured by a Spanish-Venetian army</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a rare Venetian success in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Ottoman%E2%80%93Venetian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Ottoman–Venetian War">Second Ottoman–Venetian War</a>. In the aftermath of the Venetian conquest, the island received an influx of civilian and military (<a href="/wiki/Stradioti" class="mw-redirect" title="Stradioti">stradioti</a>) refugees from the lost Venetian fortresses of <a href="/wiki/Methoni,_Messenia" title="Methoni, Messenia">Modon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Koroni" title="Koroni">Coron</a>, as well as many colonists from the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Candia" title="Kingdom of Candia">Venetian-ruled</a> island of <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From then on Cephalonia and Ithaca remained part of the <a href="/wiki/Stato_da_Mar" class="mw-redirect" title="Stato da Mar">Stato da Mar</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Venetian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetian Republic">Venetian Republic</a> until its very end, following the fate of the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionian islands">Ionian islands</a>, completed by the capture of <a href="/wiki/Lefkas" class="mw-redirect" title="Lefkas">Lefkas</a> from the Turks in 1684. The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campoformio" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Campoformio">Treaty of Campoformio</a> <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Republic_of_Venice" title="Fall of the Republic of Venice">dismantling the Venetian Republic</a> awarded the Ionian Islands to <a href="/wiki/First_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="First French Republic">France</a>, a French expeditionary force on ships captured in Venice taking control of the islands in June 1797. </p><p>Because of the liberal situation on the island, the Venetian governor Marc'Antonio Giustiniani (1516–1571) printed <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> books and exported them to the whole eastern Mediterranean. In 1596 the Venetians built the <a href="/wiki/Assos_Castle" title="Assos Castle">Assos Castle</a>, one of Cephalonia's main tourist attractions today. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, the island was one of the largest exporters of <a href="/wiki/Zante_currant" title="Zante currant">currants</a> in the world with <a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zakynthos</a>, and owned a large shipping fleet, even commissioning ships from the Danzig shipyard. Its towns and villages were mostly built high on hilltops, to prevent attacks from raiding parties of pirates that sailed the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Sea" title="Ionian Sea">Ionian Sea</a> during the 1820s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French,_Ionian_state_period_and_British_rule"><span id="French.2C_Ionian_state_period_and_British_rule"></span>French, Ionian state period and British rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: French, Ionian state period and British rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meeresm%C3%BChlen-argostoli.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Meeresm%C3%BChlen-argostoli.jpg/220px-Meeresm%C3%BChlen-argostoli.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Meeresm%C3%BChlen-argostoli.jpg/330px-Meeresm%C3%BChlen-argostoli.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Meeresm%C3%BChlen-argostoli.jpg/440px-Meeresm%C3%BChlen-argostoli.jpg 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption>The sea mills at the bay of Argostoli (1849) were a natural curiosity in the 19th century. Mount Ainos in the background.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lixouri_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lixouri_1910.jpg/220px-Lixouri_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lixouri_1910.jpg/330px-Lixouri_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lixouri_1910.jpg/440px-Lixouri_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The central square of Lixouri, 1910.</figcaption></figure> <p>Venice was conquered by France in 1797 and Cephalonia, along with the other Ionian Islands, became part of the <a href="/wiki/French_departments_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="French departments of Greece">French département</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ithaque" title="Ithaque">Ithaque</a>. </p><p>In the following year, 1798, the French were forced to yield the Ionian Islands to a combined Russian and Turkish fleet. From 1799 to 1807, Cephalonia was part of the <a href="/wiki/Septinsular_Republic" title="Septinsular Republic">Septinsular Republic</a>, nominally under the sovereignty of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, but protected by <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a>. </p><p>By the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tilsit" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Tilsit">Treaty of Tilsit</a> in 1807, the Ionian Islands were ceded back to France, which remained in control of Cephalonia until 1809. In 1809, the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">British</a> established a <a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">blockade</a> on the Ionian Islands as part of their conflict with France, and in September of that year they hoisted the <a href="/wiki/Union_Flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Flag">Union Flag</a> above the castle of Zakynthos. Cephalonia and Ithaca soon surrendered, and the British installed provisional governments. The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1815)" title="Treaty of Paris (1815)">Treaty of Paris</a> in 1815 recognised the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="United States of the Ionian Islands">United States of the Ionian Islands</a> and decreed that it become a British protectorate. Colonel <a href="/wiki/Charles_Philippe_de_Bosset" title="Charles Philippe de Bosset">Charles Philippe de Bosset</a> became provisional governor between 1810 and 1814. During this period he was credited with achieving many public works, including the <a href="/wiki/De_Bosset_Bridge" title="De Bosset Bridge">Drapano Bridge</a>, which later became known as the De Bosset Bridge, over the bay of <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a>. </p><p>A few years later <a href="/wiki/Greek_nationalism" title="Greek nationalism">Greek nationalist</a> groups started to form. Although their energy in the early years was directed to supporting the <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">revolution against the Ottoman Empire</a>, it soon started to turn towards the British. By 1848, calls for <i><a href="/wiki/Enosis" title="Enosis">enosis</a></i> with Greece were gaining strength and there were rebellions against British rule in <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lixouri" title="Lixouri">Lixouri</a>, which led to some relaxation in the laws and to freedom of the press. Union with Greece was now a declared aim, and in 1849, as revolution was sweeping across Europe, a growing restlessness resulted in another rebellion against the British state, which was suppressed by the island's governor, <a href="/wiki/Henry_George_Ward" title="Henry George Ward">Sir Henry George Ward</a> when 21 people were hanged, several were shot and hundreds were flogged by the cat-o-nine-tails.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cephalonia, along with the other islands, were transferred to Greece in 1864 as a gesture of goodwill when the British-supported Prince William of Denmark became <a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Greece" title="George I of Greece">King George the First of the Hellenes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Union_with_Greece">Union with Greece</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Union with Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1864, Cephalonia, together with all the other <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a>, became a full member of the Greek state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis occupation of Greece during World War II">Axis occupation of Greece during World War II</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Air_Force_Operations_in_Malta,_Gibraltar_and_the_Mediterranean,_1940-1945._C3822.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Royal_Air_Force_Operations_in_Malta%2C_Gibraltar_and_the_Mediterranean%2C_1940-1945._C3822.jpg/220px-Royal_Air_Force_Operations_in_Malta%2C_Gibraltar_and_the_Mediterranean%2C_1940-1945._C3822.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Royal_Air_Force_Operations_in_Malta%2C_Gibraltar_and_the_Mediterranean%2C_1940-1945._C3822.jpg/330px-Royal_Air_Force_Operations_in_Malta%2C_Gibraltar_and_the_Mediterranean%2C_1940-1945._C3822.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Royal_Air_Force_Operations_in_Malta%2C_Gibraltar_and_the_Mediterranean%2C_1940-1945._C3822.jpg/440px-Royal_Air_Force_Operations_in_Malta%2C_Gibraltar_and_the_Mediterranean%2C_1940-1945._C3822.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2468" data-file-height="1495" /></a><figcaption>Fiskardo in the 1940s.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Napolitano_cefalonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Napolitano_cefalonia.jpg/220px-Napolitano_cefalonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Napolitano_cefalonia.jpg/330px-Napolitano_cefalonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Napolitano_cefalonia.jpg/440px-Napolitano_cefalonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="441" data-file-height="294" /></a><figcaption>The Italian President <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Napolitano" title="Giorgio Napolitano">Giorgio Napolitano</a> in Cephalonia during remembrance ceremonies in honour of the soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Acqui_Division" title="Massacre of the Acqui Division">Massacre of the Acqui Division</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the island was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis</a> forces. Until late 1943, the occupying force was predominantly Italian, the <a href="/wiki/33_Mountain_Infantry_Division_Acqui" class="mw-redirect" title="33 Mountain Infantry Division Acqui">33rd Infantry Division <i>Acqui</i></a> plus Navy personnel totalled 12,000 men, but about 2,000 troops from <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a> were also present. The island was largely spared the fighting, until the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_between_Italy_and_Allied_armed_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces">armistice with Italy</a> concluded by the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a> in September 1943. Confusion followed on the island, as the Italians were hoping to return home, but German forces did not want the Italians' munitions to be used eventually against them; Italian forces were hesitant to turn over weapons for the same reason. As German reinforcements headed to the island the Italians dug in and, eventually, after a referendum among the soldiers as to surrender or battle, they fought against the new German invasion.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The fighting came to a head at the siege of Argostoli, where the Italians held out. Ultimately the Germans prevailed, taking full control of the island. </p><p>Approximately five thousand of the <a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Acqui_Division" title="Massacre of the Acqui Division">nine thousand surviving Italian soldiers were executed</a> in reprisal by the German forces.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 196">: 196 </span></sup> The book <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin">Captain Corelli's Mandolin</a></i> by Louis de Bernières, which was later made into <a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin_(film)" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin (film)">a film</a>, is based on this event. While the war ended in <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">central Europe</a> in 1945, Cephalonia remained in a state of conflict due to the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a>. Peace returned to Greece and the island in 1949. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earthquake_of_1953">Earthquake of 1953</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Earthquake of 1953"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1953_Ionian_earthquake" title="1953 Ionian earthquake">1953 Ionian earthquake</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Z-assos-1953.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Z-assos-1953.jpg/220px-Z-assos-1953.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Z-assos-1953.jpg/330px-Z-assos-1953.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Z-assos-1953.jpg/440px-Z-assos-1953.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Some ruins of the 1953 earthquake are still visible.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cephalonia lies just to the southeast of a major <a href="/wiki/Active_fault" title="Active fault">active fault zone</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian Plate">Eurasian Plate</a> meets the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegean Plate">Aegean Plate</a> at a <a href="/wiki/Transform_fault" title="Transform fault">transform boundary</a>. The island itself is affected by a series of active <a href="/wiki/Thrust_fault" title="Thrust fault">thrust faults</a>, which are responsible for the continuing uplift. </p><p>A series of four earthquakes hit the island in August 1953, and caused major destruction, with virtually every house on the island destroyed. The third and most destructive of the quakes took place on 12 August 1953 at 09:24 UTC (11:24 <a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">local time</a>), with a magnitude of 6.8 on the <a href="/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale" title="Moment magnitude scale">Moment magnitude scale</a>. Its <a href="/wiki/Epicenter" title="Epicenter">epicentre</a> was directly south of the southern tip of Cephalonia, and caused the entire island to be raised 60 cm (24 in) higher, where it remains, with evidence in water marks on rocks around the coastline. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/1953_Ionian_earthquake" title="1953 Ionian earthquake">1953 Ionian earthquake</a> disaster caused huge destruction, with only regions in the north escaping the heaviest tremors and houses there remaining intact. Damage was estimated to run into tens of millions of dollars, equivalent to billions of <a href="/wiki/Modern_drachma" title="Modern drachma">drachmas</a>, but the real damage to the economy occurred when residents left the island. The majority of the population left the island soon after, seeking a new life elsewhere. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history">Recent history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Recent history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Argostoli_paralia.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Argostoli_paralia.JPG/220px-Argostoli_paralia.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Argostoli_paralia.JPG/330px-Argostoli_paralia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Argostoli_paralia.JPG/440px-Argostoli_paralia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Promenade of <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Wildfire" title="Wildfire">forest fire</a> of the 1990s caused damage to the island's forests and bushes, especially a small scar north of <a href="/wiki/Troianata" title="Troianata">Troianata</a>, and a large area of damage extending from <a href="/wiki/Kateleios" class="mw-redirect" title="Kateleios">Kateleios</a> north to west of <a href="/wiki/Tzanata" title="Tzanata">Tzanata</a>, ruining about 30 square kilometres (12 sq mi) of forest and bushes and resulting in the loss of some properties. The forest fire scar was visible for some years. </p><p>In mid-November 2003, an earthquake measuring 5.3 on the <a href="/wiki/Richter_magnitude_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Richter magnitude scale">Richter magnitude scale</a> caused minor damage to business, residential property, and other buildings in and near Argostoli. The damage was around <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>1,000,000. </p><p>On the morning of 20 September 2005, an early-morning earthquake shook the south-western part of the island, especially near Lixouri and nearby villages. The earthquake measured 4.9 on the Richter magnitude scale, and its epicentre was located off the island at sea. Service vehicles took care of the area, and no damage was reported. From 24 to 26 January 2006, a major snowstorm blanketed the entire island, causing extensive blackouts. The island was recently struck yet again by another forest fire in the south of the island, beginning of 18 July 2007 during an unusual heatwave, and spreading slowly. Firefighters along with helicopters and planes battled the blaze for some days and the spectacle frightened residents on that area of the island. </p><p>In 2011, the eight former municipalities of the island lost their independence to form one united municipality. After losing its role as the capital of the island in the 19th century, Lixouri lost also its role as a seat of a municipality after 500 years. The <a href="/wiki/Technological_Educational_Institute_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="Technological Educational Institute of the Ionian Islands">Technological Educational Institute of the Ionian Islands</a> closed one faculty in Lixouri and one in Argostoli. </p><p>In January 2014, an earthquake measuring 5.9 on the <a href="/wiki/Richter_magnitude_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Richter magnitude scale">Richter magnitude scale</a> left at least seven injured. There are reports of minor injuries and some damage to property," said the Foreign Office, on its website. "The airport remains operational but there may be some disruption to port services." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pale-bronze-coins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pale-bronze-coins.jpg/120px-Pale-bronze-coins.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pale-bronze-coins.jpg/180px-Pale-bronze-coins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pale-bronze-coins.jpg/240px-Pale-bronze-coins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="691" /></a><figcaption>Coins from Pale/Pali, the ancient town north of Lixouri.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the southwestern portion of the island, in the area of <a href="/wiki/Leivatho" title="Leivatho">Leivatho</a>, an ongoing <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_field_survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological field survey">archaeological field survey</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Institute_of_Hellenic_Studies_at_Athens" title="Irish Institute of Hellenic Studies at Athens">Irish Institute at Athens</a> has discovered dozens of sites with dates ranging from the <a href="/wiki/Palaeolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeolithic">Palaeolithic</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetian</a> period. </p><p>Cephalonia is extremely interesting archaeologically; finds go back to 40,000 BP. Without doubt, the most important era for the island is the <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean era</a>, from approximately 1500 BC to 1100 BC. The archaeological museum in Cephalonia's capital, although small, is of great importance due to its exhibits from this era. </p><p>The most important archaeological discovery in Cephalonia (and indeed in Greece) of recent decades is that, in 1991, of the Mycenaean <a href="/wiki/Tholos_tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Tholos tomb">Tholos tomb</a> at the outskirts of <a href="/wiki/Tzanata" title="Tzanata">Tzanata</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Poros,_Kefalonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Poros, Kefalonia">Poros</a> in southeastern Cephalonia (former Municipality of Elios-Pronni) in a setting of <a href="/wiki/Olive_trees" class="mw-redirect" title="Olive trees">olive trees</a>, cypresses, and oaks. The tomb was erected around 1300 BC; kings and highly ranked officials were buried in <a href="/wiki/Tholos_(Ancient_Rome)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tholos (Ancient Rome)">such tombs</a> during the Mycenaean period. It is the largest tholos tomb yet found in northwestern Greece, and was excavated by archaeologist Lazaros Kolonas. The size of the tomb, the nature of the burial offerings found there, and its well-chosen position point to the existence of an important Mycenaean town in the vicinity. </p><p>In late 2006, a Roman grave complex was uncovered as the foundation of a new hotel was being excavated in <a href="/wiki/Fiskardo" title="Fiskardo">Fiskardo</a>. The remains date to the period between the 2nd century BC and the 4th century AD. Archaeologists described it as the most important find of its kind in the Ionian Islands. Inside the complex, five burial sites were found, including a large vaulted tomb and a stone coffin, along with gold earrings and rings, gold leaves that may have been attached to ceremonial clothing, glass and ceramic pots, bronze artefacts decorated with masks, a bronze lock and bronze coins. The tomb had escaped the attention of <a href="/wiki/Grave_robbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Grave robbing">grave robbers</a> and remained undisturbed for thousands of years. When the tomb was opened the stone door easily swung on its stone hinges. A <a href="/wiki/Roman_theatre_(structure)" title="Roman theatre (structure)">Roman theatre</a> was discovered very near the tomb, so well preserved that the metal joints between the seats were still intact. </p><p>A dissertation published in 1987 claims that <a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul the Apostle</a>, on his way from Palestine to Rome in 59 AD, was shipwrecked and confined for three months not on Malta but on Cephalonia.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a>, the island had the largest community of <a href="/wiki/Carpocratians" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpocratians">Carpocratians</a>, an early <a href="/wiki/Christian_Gnosticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Gnosticism">Gnostic Christian</a> sect, because <a href="/wiki/Carpocrates" title="Carpocrates">Carpocrates</a> lived on the island. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population:_historical_evolution">Population: historical evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Population: historical evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_history" title="Ancient history">ancient period</a>, the people lived in four cities on the island. <a href="/wiki/Cranii" title="Cranii">Cranii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Same_(polis)" title="Same (polis)">Sami</a>(or Samos), <a href="/wiki/Pale_(Greece)" title="Pale (Greece)">Pale</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pronnoi" title="Pronnoi">Pronnoi</a>(Proni) formed a federation called "tetrapolis".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In more recent times, the population reached 70,000, in 1896, but declined gradually in the 20th century. The great <a href="/wiki/1953_Ionian_earthquake" title="1953 Ionian earthquake">1953 Ionian earthquake</a> forced many people to leave the island.<sup id="cite_ref-cambridge_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cambridge-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of those who left moved to Patras or Athens, or emigrated to America and Australia, following relatives who had left the island decades before. In the same period people from poorer areas of Greece such as Epirus and Thrace came to the island. The population has hovered between 35,000 and 42,000 since then; in the 2011 census, it was 35,801.<sup id="cite_ref-census11_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census11-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Population </th></tr> <tr> <td>1879</td> <td>68,321<sup id="cite_ref-census1879_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1879-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1896</td> <td>70,077<sup id="cite_ref-census1896_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1896-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1920</td> <td>55,030<sup id="cite_ref-census1920_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1920-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1940</td> <td>58,437<sup id="cite_ref-census1940_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1940-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961</td> <td>39,793<sup id="cite_ref-census1961_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1961-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981</td> <td>41,319<sup id="cite_ref-census1981_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1981-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td>34,544<sup id="cite_ref-census01_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census01-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td>35,801<sup id="cite_ref-census11_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census11-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Most of the indigenous people of Cephalonia have surnames ending in "-atos", such as the Alexatos (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: Αλεξάτος) families, and almost every settlement on the island has a name ending in "-ata", such as <a href="/wiki/Metaxata" title="Metaxata">Metaxata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chavriata" title="Chavriata">Chavriata</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frangata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frangata (page does not exist)">Frangata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lourdata" title="Lourdata">Lourdata</a>, Favata, Delaportata and others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecclesiastical_history">Ecclesiastical history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Ecclesiastical history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1222 the Frankish Crusaders established the Diocese of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Cefalonia_e_Zante" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Cefalonia e Zante">Kefalonia–Zakynthos</a> (Cefalonia–Zante in Curiate Italian), which survived their rule and even the Turks. In 1919, the residential see was suppressed but immediately transformed into a <a href="/wiki/Titular_bishopric" class="mw-redirect" title="Titular bishopric">titular bishopric</a> of Kefalonia (Cefalonia in Italian). The territory and title were merged into the Metropolitan <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Corfu%E2%80%93Zakynthos%E2%80%93Kefalonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Corfu–Zakynthos–Kefalonia">Archdiocese of Corfu–Zakynthos–Kefalonia</a>. In 1921, this was also suppressed, never having had an incumbent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Argostoli_and_Lixouri_from_the_mountains_of_Kefalonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Argostoli_and_Lixouri_from_the_mountains_of_Kefalonia.jpg/220px-Argostoli_and_Lixouri_from_the_mountains_of_Kefalonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Argostoli_and_Lixouri_from_the_mountains_of_Kefalonia.jpg/330px-Argostoli_and_Lixouri_from_the_mountains_of_Kefalonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Argostoli_and_Lixouri_from_the_mountains_of_Kefalonia.jpg/440px-Argostoli_and_Lixouri_from_the_mountains_of_Kefalonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lixouri" title="Lixouri">Lixouri</a> from the mountains.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Myrtos_Beach,_Kefalonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Myrtos_Beach%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/220px-Myrtos_Beach%2C_Kefalonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Myrtos_Beach%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/330px-Myrtos_Beach%2C_Kefalonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Myrtos_Beach%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/440px-Myrtos_Beach%2C_Kefalonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Myrtos_Beach" title="Myrtos Beach">Myrtos Beach</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lake-Melissani.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lake-Melissani.JPG/220px-Lake-Melissani.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lake-Melissani.JPG/330px-Lake-Melissani.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lake-Melissani.JPG/440px-Lake-Melissani.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Melissani_Cave" title="Melissani Cave">Melissani Cave</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The main island of the regional unit is Cephalonia and has a size of 773 km<sup>2</sup> (298 sq mi), with a population density of 55 people per square kilometre (140 people/sq mi). The town of <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a> has one-third of the island's inhabitants. <a href="/wiki/Lixouri" title="Lixouri">Lixouri</a> is the second major settlement, and the two towns together account for almost two-thirds of the prefecture's population. </p><p>The other major islands are: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petalas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petalas Island (page does not exist)">Petalas Island</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asteris_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asteris Island (page does not exist)">Asteris Island</a>, but they are uninhabited. </p><p>Cephalonia lies in the heart of an <a href="/wiki/Earthquake_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthquake zone">earthquake zone</a>, and dozens of minor, unrecorded tremors occur each year. In 1953, a <a href="/wiki/1953_Ionian_earthquake" title="1953 Ionian earthquake">massive earthquake</a> destroyed almost all of the settlements on the island, leaving only <a href="/wiki/Fiskardo" title="Fiskardo">Fiskardo</a> in the north untouched. </p><p>Important natural features include <a href="/wiki/Melissani_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Melissani Lake">Melissani Lake</a>, the Drogarati caves, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koutavos_Lagoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koutavos Lagoon (page does not exist)">Koutavos Lagoon</a> in Argostoli. </p><p>The island has a rich biodiversity, with a substantial number of endemic and rare species. Some areas have been declared a site in the European Union's <a href="/wiki/Natura_2000" title="Natura 2000">Natura 2000</a> network. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mountains">Mountains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Mountains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The island's highest mountain is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Ainos" title="Mount Ainos">Mount Ainos</a>, with an elevation of 1628 meters; to the west-northwest are the <a href="/wiki/Paliki" title="Paliki">Paliki</a> mountains, where <a href="/wiki/Lixouri" title="Lixouri">Lixouri</a> is found, with other mountains including <a href="/wiki/Geraneia" title="Geraneia">Geraneia</a> (Gerania) and <a href="/wiki/Agia_Dynati" title="Agia Dynati">Agia Dynati</a>. The top of Mount Ainos is covered with <a href="/wiki/Abies_cephalonica" title="Abies cephalonica">fir trees</a> and is a natural park. </p><p>Forestry is rare on the island; however its timber output is one of the highest in the Ionian islands, although lower than that of Elia in the Peloponnese. <a href="/wiki/Wildfire" title="Wildfire">Forest fires</a> were common during the 1990s and the early 2000s, and still pose a major threat to the population. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Capes">Capes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Capes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Cape Agios Georgios: approximate coordinates <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38.1667_N_20.43333_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°10′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">20°26′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.1667°N 20.43333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.1667; 20.43333</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li>Cape Kounopetra</li> <li>Cape Atheras: north-western corner of island</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora">Flora</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Flora"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the Ainos mountain range is designated as a <a href="/wiki/National_park" title="National park">National Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is covered with the rare species of <a href="/wiki/Greek_fir" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek fir">Greek fir</a> (Abies cephalonica) and black pine (<a href="/wiki/Pinus_nigra" title="Pinus nigra">Pinus nigra</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna">Fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cephalonia is well known for its endangered <a href="/wiki/Loggerhead_sea_turtle" title="Loggerhead sea turtle">loggerhead turtle</a> population, also known as the Caretta caretta turtle, which nests on many of the beaches along the south coast of the island. The turtles can also be seen in the waters of <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a> harbour, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koutavos_Lagoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koutavos Lagoon (page does not exist)">Koutavos Lagoon</a>, while walking on <a href="/wiki/De_Bosset_Bridge" title="De Bosset Bridge">De Bosset Bridge</a>. A small population of the endangered <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_monk_seal" title="Mediterranean monk seal">Mediterranean monk seal</a>, <i>Monachus monachus</i>, also lives around the island's coast, especially on parts of the coast which are inaccessible to humans due to the terrain. Caves on these parts of the coast offer ideal locations for the seals to give birth to their pups and nurse them through the first months of their lives. The most famous breeding ground in Cephalonia is a cave on Foki beach, located on the north-east coast near <a href="/wiki/Fiskardo" title="Fiskardo">Fiskardo</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/European_pine_marten" title="European pine marten">European pine marten</a> also inhabits the island. </p><p>Over 200 species of birds have been spotted on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cephalonia has hot, sunny summers and mild rainy winters. According to the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> system, it has a hot-summer <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a> (<i>Csa</i>). During winter it can occasionally snow on the mountain peaks of the island's mountains. The winter months can experience up to 156 mm of rainfall, resulting in high levels of humidity on the island. Winter temperature on Kefalonia average at 14-15 °C during the day and 8-9 °C during the night. During the summer months there is usually little to no rainfall. Temperatures range from nearly 30 °C during the day to around 21 °C at night. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Argostoli (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.0<br />(80.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.9<br />(85.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3<br />(52.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9<br />(67.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7<br />(49.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">93.1<br />(3.67) </td> <td style="background: #5B5BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100.0<br />(3.94) </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.6<br />(2.62) </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.7<br />(1.96) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(0.80) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(0.41) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(0.05) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6<br />(0.22) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3<br />(1.23) </td> <td style="background: #7171FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">94.7<br />(3.73) </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">155.9<br />(6.14) </td> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">150.0<br />(5.91) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">779.1<br />(30.68) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">70 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Meteo-climat-bzh<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kalk-kefalonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Kalk-kefalonia.jpg/220px-Kalk-kefalonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Kalk-kefalonia.jpg/330px-Kalk-kefalonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Kalk-kefalonia.jpg/440px-Kalk-kefalonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2126" data-file-height="1594" /></a><figcaption>Calcium carbonate loaded in the port of Argostoli.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiskardo,_Kefalonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Fiskardo%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/220px-Fiskardo%2C_Kefalonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Fiskardo%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/330px-Fiskardo%2C_Kefalonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Fiskardo%2C_Kefalonia.jpg/440px-Fiskardo%2C_Kefalonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fiskardo" title="Fiskardo">Fiscardo</a> is a tourist attraction on the northern part of the island.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">Wine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raisin" title="Raisin">raisins</a> are the oldest products exported, being important until the 20th century. Today <a href="/wiki/Fish_farming" title="Fish farming">fish farming</a> and <a href="/wiki/Calcium_carbonate" title="Calcium carbonate">calcium carbonate</a> are most important. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8D_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8D_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D.jpg/220px-%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8D_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8D_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D.jpg/330px-%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8D_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8D_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D.jpg/440px-%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8D_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>A beach close to Argostoli in 1930</figcaption></figure> <p>Most Greek ship-owner families have their origin in the islands of Andros, Chios or Cephalonia.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The primary agricultural occupations are <a href="/wiki/Selective_breeding" title="Selective breeding">animal breeding</a> and <a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">olive</a> growing, with the remainder largely composed of grain and vegetables. Most vegetable production takes place on the plains, which cover less than 15% of the island, most of which is rugged and mountainous, suitable only for <a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">goats</a>. Less than a quarter of the island's land is <a href="/wiki/Arable_land" title="Arable land">arable</a>. </p><p>Until the 1970s, most Cephalonians lived in rural areas, while today, two-thirds of the population lives in urban areas, with the other third in rural towns and villages close to farmland. </p><p>The island has a long <a href="/wiki/Winemaking" title="Winemaking">winemaking</a> tradition and is home to the <a href="/wiki/Dry_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry (wine)">dry</a>, white lemony wines made from the <a href="/wiki/Robola" title="Robola">Robola</a> grape.<sup id="cite_ref-wine_grapes_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wine_grapes-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olive_oil_production">Olive oil production</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Olive oil production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Olive oil production is a major component of Cephalonia's economy. Until the 18th century, the quantity of <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a> produced on the island just covered the needs of the residents. However, the pressure of <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venetian</a> conquerors' for olive plantation, especially after the loss of <a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, resulted in increasing the production to such a degree that the first exports to Venice began. Before the 1953 Ionian earthquake, there were 200 oil presses operating on the island; today, there are thirteen. There are over one million <a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">olive trees</a> on Cephalonia, covering almost 55% of the island's area. Olive oil is very important to the island's local, agricultural economy. "<a href="/wiki/Koroneiki" title="Koroneiki">Koroneiki</a>" and "theiako" are the two main varieties cultivated on the island, followed by a smaller number of "ntopia" and "matolia". Kefalonian olive oil has a green tone, a rich, greasy touch, and low acidity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Tourism</a> to Cephalonia started in the early 19th century. The <a href="/wiki/Greek_royal_family" title="Greek royal family">royal family of Greece</a> sent their children in the summer <a href="/wiki/Lixouri" title="Lixouri">Lixouri</a>, in the early 20th century, but the island was not discovered by most tourists until the 1980s. Cephalonia is a popular holiday destination for many Italians, due to its proximity to <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two cultural attractions, the fishing villages of <a href="/wiki/Fiscardo" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiscardo">Fiscardo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Assos_kefalonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Assos kefalonia">Assos</a>, and other natural attractions, including <a href="/wiki/Melissani_Cave" title="Melissani Cave">Melissani</a> underground lake, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drogarati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drogarati (page does not exist)">Drogarati</a> cave and <a href="/wiki/Myrtos_Beach" title="Myrtos Beach">Myrtos beach</a>, have helped popularize Cephalonia. The film <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin_(film)" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin (film)">Captain Corelli's Mandolin (film)</a></i> (2001), filmed on the island, made Cephalonia more widely known. The film was mainly shot in <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sami,_Cephalonia" title="Sami, Cephalonia">Sami</a> and on Antisamos Beach.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St.Gerasimos1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/St.Gerasimos1.jpg/220px-St.Gerasimos1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/St.Gerasimos1.jpg/330px-St.Gerasimos1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/St.Gerasimos1.jpg/440px-St.Gerasimos1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The Church of <a href="/wiki/Gerasimus_of_Kefalonia" title="Gerasimus of Kefalonia">Gerasimus of Kefalonia</a>, patron saint of Cephalonia, in Skala.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kambana_Square.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kambana_Square.JPG/220px-Kambana_Square.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kambana_Square.JPG/330px-Kambana_Square.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kambana_Square.JPG/440px-Kambana_Square.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3968" data-file-height="2976" /></a><figcaption>Cambana Square, Argostoli.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%CE%97_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/%CE%97_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1_2023.jpg/220px-%CE%97_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/%CE%97_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1_2023.jpg/330px-%CE%97_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/%CE%97_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1_2023.jpg/440px-%CE%97_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3488" data-file-height="2073" /></a><figcaption>The wine festival in Mantzavinata</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monasteries_and_churches">Monasteries and churches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Monasteries and churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Cephalonia" title="Special:EditPage/Cephalonia">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Across the broader island, two large <a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">monasteries</a> are to be found: the first is that of Haghia Panagia in Markopoulo to the southeast, and the other lies on the road between Argostoli and Michata, on a small plain surrounded by mountains. This second has an avenue of about 200 trees aligned from NW to SE, with a circle in the middle, and is the monastery of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Gerasimus_of_Kefalonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Gerasimus of Kefalonia">Saint Gerasimus of Kefalonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of the island, whose <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">relics</a> can be seen and venerated at the old church of the monastery. The monastery of "Sissia" was probably founded by <a href="/wiki/Francis_of_Assisi" title="Francis of Assisi">Francis of Assisi</a>, it was destroyed in 1953 but the ruins still exist. Although much of the island was destroyed by earthquakes, many notable churches all over the island have survived, some dating back to the renaissance. The ornaments of the churches are influenced by Venetian manierism. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Ionian_School_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionian School (music)">Ionian School (music)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Heptanese" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of the Heptanese">Music of the Heptanese</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lixouri_Philharmonic_Orchestra_1836.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Lixouri_Philharmonic_Orchestra_1836.JPG/220px-Lixouri_Philharmonic_Orchestra_1836.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Lixouri_Philharmonic_Orchestra_1836.JPG/330px-Lixouri_Philharmonic_Orchestra_1836.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Lixouri_Philharmonic_Orchestra_1836.JPG/440px-Lixouri_Philharmonic_Orchestra_1836.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The Lixouri Philharmonic Orchestra during Easter.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Ionian Islands have a musical tradition called the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_School_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionian School (music)">Ionian School</a>. Lixouri has the Philharmonic Orchestra (since 1836) and Argostoli the Rokos Vergottis Conservatory. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a> visited Lixouri some times where he had an affair with the pianist Dora Wihan (born Weiss). </p><p>The Ionian Islands also developed a distinctive culture primarily as they did not experience Ottoman occupation, instead having ties to Venice, and musically drew from Italian influences, and Western Harmonics. This evolved into a unique musical style among the Greeks, the Cantada (Serenade) very similar to the Latin/Spanish/Italian Cantar (to sing). The Cantadas are an example of the Ionian music. Cantadas are still very popular and can be heard even today. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature_and_film">Literature and film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Literature and film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The novelists <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Kavvadias" title="Nikos Kavvadias">Nikos Kavvadias</a> (1910–1975) and the Swiss <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges_Haldas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges Haldas (page does not exist)">Georges Haldas</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Haldas" class="extiw" title="de:Georges Haldas">de</a>]</span> (1917–2010) spent parts of their life on the island. <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Laskaratos" title="Andreas Laskaratos">Andreas Laskaratos</a> was a satirical poet and wrote about the society in the town of Lixouri. <a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Lord Byron</a> wrote parts of "Prelude" and "Don Juan" in Livatho. </p><p>Additionally, a theory was proposed by Greek researcher Libieris Liberatos as to the true identity of the island setting from Shakespeare's "<a href="/wiki/The_Tempest" title="The Tempest">The Tempest</a>" being Cephallonia.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perhaps the best known appearance of Cephalonia in <a href="/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a> is in the novel <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin">Captain Corelli's Mandolin</a></i>, by the English author <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Berni%C3%A8res" title="Louis de Bernières">Louis de Bernières</a>. The book is believed to have been inspired by the village of <a href="/wiki/Farsa,_Greece" title="Farsa, Greece">Farsa</a>, just outside Argostoli. The love story comprising the theme of the book is set before and after the <a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Acqui_Division" title="Massacre of the Acqui Division">Acqui Division massacre</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during the Second World War. <a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin_(film)" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin (film)">A film adaptation</a> was released in 2001. During filming there was lively debate between the <a href="/wiki/Production_team" title="Production team">production team</a>, <a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">local authorities</a> as well as groups of citizens, as to the complex historical details of the island's <a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">antifascist</a> resistance. As a result, political references were omitted from the film, and the romantic core of the book was preserved, without entering complex debates about the island's history. In 2005, <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Milani" title="Riccardo Milani">Riccardo Milani</a> made his TV film, <i>Cefalonia</i>, also about the massacre, with music by <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Korgialeneios Museum (under the Korgialeneios Library) in Argostoli</li> <li>Kosmetatos Foundation in Argostoli</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Argostoli" title="Archaeological Museum of Argostoli">Archaeological Museum of Argostoli</a></li> <li>Iakovatios-Library (and museum) in Lixouri</li> <li>Museum in Fiskardo</li> <li>Kefalonia Natural History Museum</li> <li>Nautical Museum of Sami</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Higher_education">Higher education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Higher education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_University" title="Ionian University">Ionian University</a>, Argostoli Campus (Department of Food Science and Technology<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Department of Digital Media and Communication<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_University" title="Ionian University">Ionian University</a>, Lixouri Campus (Department of Ethnomusicology <sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li>National <a href="/wiki/Merchant_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant Navy">Merchant Marine</a> Academy, Argostoli</li> <li>The Music School of Kefalonia – Rokos Vergotis Conservatory, Argostoli</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baseball">Baseball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>AINOS Kefalonia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cycling">Cycling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Cycling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>AINOS Kefalonia podilatikos omilos 26710–25029</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football_(soccer)"><span id="Football_.28soccer.29"></span>Football (soccer)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Football (soccer)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kefalonia-Ithaca_Football_Clubs_Association" title="Kefalonia-Ithaca Football Clubs Association">Kefalonia-Ithaca Football Clubs Association</a></div> <table cellpadding="5"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td> <ul><li>Anogi F.C.</li> <li>Argostoli A.U.</li> <li>Asteras Lixouri</li> <li>Asteras Z</li> <li>Dilinata AU</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>Efgeros Faraklades Argostoli</li> <li>Ikossimias AU</li> <li>Kefalliniakos</li> <li>Kefalonia-Ithaca</li> <li>Leivatho A.U.</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>Lixouri A.U.</li> <li>Olympiaki Floga</li> <li>Olympiakos Argostoli F.C.</li> <li>Pagkefalliniakos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallixouriakos_F.C." title="Pallixouriakos F.C.">Pallixouriakos F.C.</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>Papavrgiakos</li> <li>PAO Kefalos</li> <li>Pylariakos</li> <li>Proodos Ithaki</li> <li>Sami AU</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sports">Other sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Other sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Nautical Racing Club of Kefalonia and Ithaca</li> <li>Natura & Pet – Veterinary pharmacy</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferry_loading_at,_Argostoli,_Kephalonia,_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ferry_loading_at%2C_Argostoli%2C_Kephalonia%2C_Greece.jpg/220px-Ferry_loading_at%2C_Argostoli%2C_Kephalonia%2C_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ferry_loading_at%2C_Argostoli%2C_Kephalonia%2C_Greece.jpg/330px-Ferry_loading_at%2C_Argostoli%2C_Kephalonia%2C_Greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ferry_loading_at%2C_Argostoli%2C_Kephalonia%2C_Greece.jpg/440px-Ferry_loading_at%2C_Argostoli%2C_Kephalonia%2C_Greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The ferry between Lixouri and Argostoli.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Harbours_and_ports">Harbours and ports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Harbours and ports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are five harbours and ports in the prefecture and you can get to Kefalonia by boat: four main harbours on the island, <a href="/wiki/Sami,_Cephalonia" title="Sami, Cephalonia">Sami</a>, a major port with links to <a href="/wiki/Patras" title="Patras">Patras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(island)" title="Ithaca (island)">Ithaca</a>; Poros, in the south, has ferry routes to <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Kyllini" class="mw-redirect" title="Port of Kyllini">Kyllini</a>; Argostoli, in the west, is the largest port, for local boats and ferries to <a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zante</a> and regularly to Lixouri; <a href="/wiki/Fiskardo" title="Fiskardo">Fiscardo</a>, in the north, has links to <a href="/wiki/Lefkada" title="Lefkada">Lefkas</a> and Ithaca. There is room for about 100 small boats <sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Argostoli, where the port stretches 1 kilometre around the bay, while Lixouri is situated 4 km (2 mi) across the bay from Argostoli, on the Lixouri peninsula. There is a road connection to the rest of the island, but driving from Lixouri to Argostoli involves a 30 km (19 mi) detour. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first larger roads were built by the British in the 19th century. In the 20th century asphalted roads were built, and since 1995 almost all streets connecting villages and beaches are covered with asphalt. Since c. 2000 the Lixouri bypass was built and a four lane street south of Argostoli was constructed. Some important roads include: </p> <ul><li>Greek <a href="/wiki/National_Road" title="National Road">National Road</a> 50, commonly Argostoli-Sami Road</li> <li>Argostoli-Poros Road</li> <li>Argostoli-Fiskardo Road (with link to Lixouri).</li> <li>Road linking Poros and Sami</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transportation">Public transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Public transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ferry between Argostoli and Lixouri goes every hour and every half-hour in the season. There are a few bus lines serving the more rural areas of Kefalonia, but often only two times a day. The <a href="/wiki/KTEL_(Greece)" title="KTEL (Greece)">KTEL bus cooperation</a> offers services from Lixouri, Poros and Argostoli to the mainland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airport">Airport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Airport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cephalonia has one airport, <a href="/wiki/Kefalonia_Island_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Kefalonia Island International Airport">Kefalonia Island International Airport</a>, named <a href="/wiki/Anna_Pollatou" title="Anna Pollatou">Anna Pollatou</a> (<a href="/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Association" title="International Air Transport Association">IATA</a>: <b>EFL</b>, <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">ICAO</a>: <b>LGKF</b>) with a runway around 2.4 km (1.5 mi). in length, located about 10 km (6 mi) south of Argostoli. Almost every scheduled flight is an <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Air" title="Olympic Air">Olympic Air</a> route, flying mainly to and from Athens, although there is an Ionian Island Hopper<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> service three times a week calling at Cephalonia, <a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zante</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lefkada" title="Lefkada">Lefkas</a>. In summer the airport handles a number of <a href="/wiki/Charter_airline" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter airline">charter flights</a> from all over Europe. </p><p>In December 2015 the privatisation of Kefalonia Airport and 13 other regional airports of Greece was finalised with the signing of the agreement between the <a href="/wiki/Fraport" title="Fraport">Fraport AG</a>/Copelouzos Group joint venture and the state privatisation fund. "We signed the deal today," the head of Greece's privatisation agency <a href="/wiki/HRADF" class="mw-redirect" title="HRADF">HRADF</a>, Stergios Pitsiorlas, told Reuters. According to the agreement, the joint venture will operate the 14 airports (including Kefallinia International Airport) for 40 years as of autumn 2016. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cephalonia is a distinct <a href="/wiki/Regional_units_of_Greece" title="Regional units of Greece">regional unit</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands_(region)" title="Ionian Islands (region)">Ionian Islands</a> region, and since 2019 it consists of three <a href="/wiki/Communities_and_Municipalities_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities and Municipalities of Greece">municipalities</a>: <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lixouri" title="Lixouri">Lixouri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sami,_Cephalonia" title="Sami, Cephalonia">Sami</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gazette_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gazette-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between the 2011 <a href="/wiki/Kallikratis_Programme" title="Kallikratis Programme">Kallikratis government reform</a> and 2019, there was one single municipality on the island: Cephalonia, created out of the 8 former municipalities on the island. At the same reform, the regional unit Cephalonia was created out of part of the former <a href="/wiki/Cephalonia_Prefecture" title="Cephalonia Prefecture">Cephalonia Prefecture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kallikratis_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kallikratis-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The seat of administration is <a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a>, the island's main town. </p><p>The municipality of Argostoli consists of the following municipal units (former municipalities): </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleios-Pronnoi" title="Eleios-Pronnoi">Eleios-Pronnoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leivatho" title="Leivatho">Leivatho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omala,_Greece" title="Omala, Greece">Omala</a></li></ul> <p>The municipality of Sami consists of the following municipal units: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erisos" title="Erisos">Erisos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pylaros" title="Pylaros">Pylaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sami,_Cephalonia" title="Sami, Cephalonia">Sami</a></li></ul> <p>The municipality of Lixouri coincides with the former municipality <a href="/wiki/Paliki" title="Paliki">Paliki</a>. </p><p>The regional unit has an area of 786.575 km<sup>2</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-stat01_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stat01-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cephalonia regional unit also includes a number of uninhabited islands of the <a href="/wiki/Echinades" title="Echinades">Echinades</a> group. They are administered by the municipal unit of Pylaros. The most significant are as follows: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th align="left">Name </th> <th align="left">Greek </th> <th align="left">Subgroup </th> <th align="left">Area (km<sup>2</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-Arnold_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arnold-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th align="left">Highest<br />Point<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th align="left">Location </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Praso_(Echinades)" title="Praso (Echinades)">Praso</a> </td> <td>Πράσο </td> <td>Drakoneres </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_28_58_N_20_58_10_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Praso"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°28′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">20°58′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.48278°N 20.96944°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.48278; 20.96944</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Praso</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sofia_(Echinades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sofia (Echinades)">Sofia</a> </td> <td>Σοφία </td> <td>Drakoneres </td> <td align="right">0.174 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_28_49_N_21_0_5_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Sofia"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°28′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°0′5″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.48028°N 21.00139°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.48028; 21.00139</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Sofia</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lamprinos" title="Lamprinos">Lamprinos</a> </td> <td>Λαμπρινός </td> <td>Drakoneres </td> <td align="right">0.352 </td> <td align="right">61 m </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_28_22_N_21_0_18_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Lambrinos"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°28′22″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°0′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.47278°N 21.00500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.47278; 21.00500</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Lambrinos</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Filippos_(Echinades)" title="Filippos (Echinades)">Filippos</a> </td> <td>Φίλιππος </td> <td>Drakoneres </td> <td align="right">0.046<sup id="cite_ref-GROrnith_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GROrnith-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_28_17_N_21_0_55_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Philippos"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°28′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°0′55″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.47139°N 21.01528°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.47139; 21.01528</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Philippos</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Pistros" title="Pistros">Pistros</a> </td> <td>Πίστρος </td> <td>Drakoneres </td> <td align="right">0.114 </td> <td align="right">41 m </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_27_51_N_21_0_58_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Pistros"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°27′51″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°0′58″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.46417°N 21.01611°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.46417; 21.01611</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Pistros</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalogiros_(Echinades)" title="Kalogiros (Echinades)">Kalogiros</a> </td> <td>Καλόγηρος </td> <td>Drakoneres </td> <td align="right">0.249 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_29_28_N_21_1_49_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Kalogiros"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°29′28″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°1′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.49111°N 21.03028°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.49111; 21.03028</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Kalogiros</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tsakalonisi" title="Tsakalonisi">Tsakalonisi</a> </td> <td>Τσακαλονήσι </td> <td>Drakoneres </td> <td align="right">0.1 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_27_44_N_21_2_11_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Tsakalonisi"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°27′44″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°2′11″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.46222°N 21.03639°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.46222; 21.03639</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Tsakalonisi</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Girovaris" title="Girovaris">Girovaris</a> or Gkravaris </td> <td>Γηρόβαρης or Γκράβαρης </td> <td>Modia </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">24 m </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_26_24_N_21_1_36_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Gravaris"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°26′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°1′36″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.44000°N 21.02667°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.44000; 21.02667</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Gravaris</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Soros_(Echinades)" title="Soros (Echinades)">Soros</a> </td> <td>Σωρός </td> <td>Modia </td> <td align="right">0.038<sup id="cite_ref-GROrnith_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GROrnith-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">31 m </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_26_5_N_21_1_30_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Soros"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°26′5″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°1′30″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.43472°N 21.02500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.43472; 21.02500</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Soros</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Apasa_(Echinades)" title="Apasa (Echinades)">Apasa</a> </td> <td>Άπασα </td> <td>Modia </td> <td align="right">0.024<sup id="cite_ref-GROrnith_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GROrnith-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">17 m </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_25_53_N_21_1_29_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Apasa"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°25′53″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°1′29″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.43139°N 21.02472°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.43139; 21.02472</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Apasa</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Modio_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Modio (island)">Modio</a> or Modi </td> <td>Μοδιό or Μόδι </td> <td>Modia </td> <td align="right">0.258 </td> <td align="right">66 m </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_25_25_N_21_1_20_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Modi"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°25′25″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°1′20″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.42361°N 21.02222°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.42361; 21.02222</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Modi</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Petalas" title="Petalas">Petalas</a> </td> <td>Πεταλάς </td> <td>Ouniades </td> <td align="right">5.497 </td> <td align="right">251 m </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cephalonia&params=38_24_50_N_21_5_41_E_region:GR-22_type:isle_dim:25&title=Petalas"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°24′50″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°5′41″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.41389°N 21.09472°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.41389; 21.09472</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Petalas</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people_and_residents">Notable people and residents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Notable people and residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Constantin_Phaulkon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Constantin_Phaulkon.jpg/160px-Constantin_Phaulkon.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Constantin_Phaulkon.jpg/240px-Constantin_Phaulkon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Constantin_Phaulkon.jpg/320px-Constantin_Phaulkon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="1035" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Phaulkon" title="Constantine Phaulkon">Constantine Phaulkon</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:348px;max-width:348px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Melissinos_Petros.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Melissinos_Petros.JPG/180px-Melissinos_Petros.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Melissinos_Petros.JPG/270px-Melissinos_Petros.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Melissinos_Petros.JPG/360px-Melissinos_Petros.JPG 2x" data-file-width="805" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:162px;max-width:162px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spiridione_Lusi_(1741_%E2%80%93_1815).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spiridione_Lusi_%281741_%E2%80%93_1815%29.jpg/160px-Spiridione_Lusi_%281741_%E2%80%93_1815%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spiridione_Lusi_%281741_%E2%80%93_1815%29.jpg/240px-Spiridione_Lusi_%281741_%E2%80%93_1815%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spiridione_Lusi_%281741_%E2%80%93_1815%29.jpg/320px-Spiridione_Lusi_%281741_%E2%80%93_1815%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="513" data-file-height="773" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><b>Cephalonia-born Greeks of the 18th century.</b> <a href="/wiki/Petros_Melissinos" class="mw-redirect" title="Petros Melissinos">Petros Melissinos</a> (c. 1726–1797) (left) and <a href="/wiki/Spiridion_Lusi" title="Spiridion Lusi">Spiridon Louzis</a> (c. 1741–1815) (right).<sup id="cite_ref-Kosch,_Wilhelm_1959_pp.798_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kosch,_Wilhelm_1959_pp.798-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panagis_Vallianos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Panagis_Vallianos.jpg/160px-Panagis_Vallianos.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Panagis_Vallianos.jpg/240px-Panagis_Vallianos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Panagis_Vallianos.jpg/320px-Panagis_Vallianos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Statue of <a href="/wiki/Panayis_Athanase_Vagliano" title="Panayis Athanase Vagliano">Panayis Athanase Vagliano</a> in Argostoli.</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>Antiquity</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cephalus" title="Cephalus">Cephalus</a>, hero-figure in Greek mythology, Patriarch of all Kephalonians (Cephallenians)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a> of Ithaca, king of the Cephalonians</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphanes_(gnostic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epiphanes (gnostic)">Epiphanes</a> was born on Cephalonia in the late 1st century or early 2nd century to Carpocrates (his father), and Alexandria of Kephallenia. He is the legendary author of <i>On Righteousness</i>, a notable Gnostic literary work that promotes communist principles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Antonius_Hybrida" title="Gaius Antonius Hybrida">Gaius Antonius Hybrida</a>, the uncle of the famed triumvir Mark Antony and co-consul of Cicero, who was exiled to Cephalonia in 59 BC.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Middle Ages to 1800</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Fuca" title="Juan de Fuca">Juan de Fuca</a> (Ioannis Phokas) (1536–1602), captain and explorer<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Phaulkon" title="Constantine Phaulkon">Constantine Phaulkon</a> (1647–1688), adventurer, first counsellor to <a href="/wiki/Narai" title="Narai">King Narai</a> of Ayutthaya<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Pylarini" title="Giacomo Pylarini">Giacomo Pylarini</a> (1659–1718), doctor who gave the first smallpox inoculation outside of Turkey and contributed to the later development of vaccination against smallpox, by Edward Jenner.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilias_Miniatis" title="Ilias Miniatis">Ilias Miniatis</a> (1669–1714), clergyman, writer and preacher. Born in Lixouri</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leichoudes_brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Leichoudes brothers">Leichoudes brothers</a>, founders of the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_Greek_Latin_Academy" title="Slavic Greek Latin Academy">Slavic Greek Latin Academy</a> in Moscow</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Metaxas" title="Andreas Metaxas">Andreas Metaxas</a> (Greek: <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Ανδρέας Μεταξάς</span>) (1786 – September 19, 1860), prime minister of Greece born on the island of Cephalonia.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiridonos_Louzis" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiridonos Louzis">Spiridonos Louzis</a> (Greek: <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Σπυρίδωνος Λούζης</span>) (c. 1741–1815), Greek scholar, diplomat, politician and naturalized ambassador of Prussia.<sup id="cite_ref-Kosch,_Wilhelm_1959_pp.798_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kosch,_Wilhelm_1959_pp.798-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petros_Melissinos" class="mw-redirect" title="Petros Melissinos">Petros Melissinos</a> Greek: <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Πέτρος Μελισσηνός</span>)(c. 1726–1797) was a General of the Army of the Russian Empire and was widely considered the best Russian artilleryman of the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Masson,_Charles_François_Philibert_1802_pp.339-340_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Masson,_Charles_François_Philibert_1802_pp.339-340-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>1800 to recent past</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Carandino" title="Giovanni Carandino">Giovanni Carandino</a>, also known as Ioannis Karandinos (Greek: Ιωάννης Καραντηνός) was a Greek mathematician and translator of the major French mathematical works in the early 19th century.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panayis_Athanase_Vagliano" title="Panayis Athanase Vagliano">Panayis Athanase Vagliano</a>, Greek: <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Παναγής Βαλλιάνος</span> a.k.a. Panaghis Athanassiou Vallianos, (1814–1902) was a merchant and shipowner, acclaimed as the father of modern Greek shipping.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Bonanos" title="Georgios Bonanos">Georgios Bonanos</a>, sculptor (1863–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Xydias_Typaldos" title="Nikolaos Xydias Typaldos">Nikolaos Xydias Typaldos</a> (1826–1909), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photinos_Panas" title="Photinos Panas">Photinos Panas</a>, (January 30, 1832 – 1903) ophthalmologist, born on the Greek island of Cephalonia, Spartia. In 1860 he obtained his medical degree at Paris. He was the first professor of ophthalmology at the University of Paris, and in 1879 established the ophthalmology clinic at the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Metaxas" title="Ioannis Metaxas">Ioannis Metaxas</a> (April 12, 1871 – January 29, 1941), General, appointed Prime Minister of Greece between April and August 1936, and dictator during the 4th of August Regime, from 1936 until his death in 1941.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinos_Antypas" title="Marinos Antypas">Marinos Antypas</a> (1872–1907), lawyer and journalist, one of the country's first socialists</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Zervos" title="Christian Zervos">Christian Zervos</a> (1889–1970) art collector, writer and publisher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikelis_Avlichos" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikelis Avlichos">Mikelis Avlichos</a> (1844–1917) Greek Anarchist</li></ul> <dl><dt>Recent past to present</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giorgos_Kalafatis" title="Giorgos Kalafatis">Giorgos Kalafatis</a> (1890–1964), founder of <a href="/wiki/Panathinaikos_A.O." title="Panathinaikos A.O.">Panathinaikos A.O.</a>, his family descended from <a href="/wiki/Dilinata" title="Dilinata">Dilinata</a> of Cephalonia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spyridon_Marinatos" title="Spyridon Marinatos">Spyridon Marinatos</a> (1901–1974), archaeologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiochos_Evangelatos" title="Antiochos Evangelatos">Antiochos Evangelatos</a> (1903–1981), composer and conductor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Loukatos" title="Dimitrios Loukatos">Dimitrios Loukatos</a> (1908–2003), <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">folklorist</a>-<a href="/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology">anthropologist</a> and specialist in Greek folklore.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Platon" title="Nikolaos Platon">Nikolaos Platon</a> (1909–1992), archaeologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Kavvadias" title="Nikos Kavvadias">Nikos Kavadias</a> (1910–1975), poet and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerasimos_Arsenis" title="Gerasimos Arsenis">Gerasimos D. Arsenis</a>, (1931– ) politician, former minister of Finance, Defense and Education.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonis_Tritsis" title="Antonis Tritsis">Antonis Tritsis</a> (1937–1992), politician, mayor of Athens</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archie_Karas" title="Archie Karas">Archie Karas</a> (1950–), a <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Gambling" title="Gambling">gambler</a> known for turning a ten thousand dollar loan into million dollars before losing it all</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerasimos_Danilatos" title="Gerasimos Danilatos">Gerasimos D. Danilatos</a>, physicist and inventor of <a href="/wiki/Environmental_scanning_electron_microscope" title="Environmental scanning electron microscope">environmental scanning electron microscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanassios_S._Fokas" class="mw-redirect" title="Athanassios S. Fokas">Athanassios S. Fokas</a>, Department of <a href="/wiki/Applied_mathematics" title="Applied mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theoretical_physics" title="Theoretical physics">Theoretical Physics</a>, University of Cambridge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wright_(musician)" title="Richard Wright (musician)">Richard Wright</a> (1943–2008) from 1984 to 1994, keyboard player with <a href="/wiki/Pink_Floyd" title="Pink Floyd">Pink Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionisios_Vlachos" title="Dionisios Vlachos">Dionisios Vlachos</a> (1964–present), chemical engineer, inventor and director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Pollatou" title="Anna Pollatou">Anna Pollatou</a> (1983–2014) a <a href="/wiki/Rhythmic_gymnast" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhythmic gymnast">rhythmic gymnast</a>; she won a bronze medal at the <a href="/wiki/2000_Summer_Olympics" title="2000 Summer Olympics">2000 Summer Olympics</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ellie_Dimatos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ellie Dimatos (page does not exist)">Ellie Dimatos</a>, (2007–present), female hockey player, won with team USA the <a href="/wiki/2024_IIHF_World_Women%27s_U18_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 IIHF World Women's U18 Championship">2024 IIHF World Women's U18 Championship</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antipata-church.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Church in Russian style, Antipata"><img alt="Church in Russian style, Antipata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Antipata-church.jpg/120px-Antipata-church.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Antipata-church.jpg/180px-Antipata-church.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Antipata-church.jpg/240px-Antipata-church.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3419" data-file-height="2564" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Church in Russian style, Antipata</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kefalonia_Fae375.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Facade of Evangelistria church"><img alt="Facade of Evangelistria church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kefalonia_Fae375.jpg/120px-Kefalonia_Fae375.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kefalonia_Fae375.jpg/180px-Kefalonia_Fae375.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kefalonia_Fae375.jpg/240px-Kefalonia_Fae375.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Facade of Evangelistria church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Druipsteengrot_op_Kefalonia.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Drogarati cave"><img alt="Drogarati cave" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Druipsteengrot_op_Kefalonia.JPG/120px-Druipsteengrot_op_Kefalonia.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Druipsteengrot_op_Kefalonia.JPG/180px-Druipsteengrot_op_Kefalonia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Druipsteengrot_op_Kefalonia.JPG/240px-Druipsteengrot_op_Kefalonia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Drogarati cave</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kefalonias_capital_(2174702875).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Port of Argostoli"><img alt="Port of Argostoli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kefalonias_capital_%282174702875%29.jpg/120px-Kefalonias_capital_%282174702875%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kefalonias_capital_%282174702875%29.jpg/180px-Kefalonias_capital_%282174702875%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kefalonias_capital_%282174702875%29.jpg/240px-Kefalonias_capital_%282174702875%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Port of Argostoli</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kefalonia_Fae010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Street of Fiskardo"><img alt="Street of Fiskardo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Kefalonia_Fae010.jpg/90px-Kefalonia_Fae010.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Kefalonia_Fae010.jpg/135px-Kefalonia_Fae010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Kefalonia_Fae010.jpg/180px-Kefalonia_Fae010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Street of Fiskardo</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blick_auf_Assos.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Assos"><img alt="Assos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Blick_auf_Assos.jpg/120px-Blick_auf_Assos.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Blick_auf_Assos.jpg/180px-Blick_auf_Assos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Blick_auf_Assos.jpg/240px-Blick_auf_Assos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Assos</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bell_tower_of_the_Monastery_of_Agios_Gerassimos.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belltower of the Monastery of Agios Gerasimos"><img alt="Belltower of the Monastery of Agios Gerasimos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Bell_tower_of_the_Monastery_of_Agios_Gerassimos.jpg/85px-Bell_tower_of_the_Monastery_of_Agios_Gerassimos.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Bell_tower_of_the_Monastery_of_Agios_Gerassimos.jpg/128px-Bell_tower_of_the_Monastery_of_Agios_Gerassimos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Bell_tower_of_the_Monastery_of_Agios_Gerassimos.jpg/170px-Bell_tower_of_the_Monastery_of_Agios_Gerassimos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2413" data-file-height="3402" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Belltower of the Monastery of Agios Gerasimos</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Illari-soullaroi-st.marina_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. Marina in Soullaroi (Illari)"><img alt="St. Marina in Soullaroi (Illari)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Illari-soullaroi-st.marina_01.jpg/120px-Illari-soullaroi-st.marina_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Illari-soullaroi-st.marina_01.jpg/180px-Illari-soullaroi-st.marina_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Illari-soullaroi-st.marina_01.jpg/240px-Illari-soullaroi-st.marina_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St. Marina in Soullaroi (Illari)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pissara_and_pine-nut_salad.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Salad from Cephalonia (local name "pissara")"><img alt="Salad from Cephalonia (local name "pissara")" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Pissara_and_pine-nut_salad.JPG/120px-Pissara_and_pine-nut_salad.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Pissara_and_pine-nut_salad.JPG/180px-Pissara_and_pine-nut_salad.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Pissara_and_pine-nut_salad.JPG/240px-Pissara_and_pine-nut_salad.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Salad from Cephalonia (local name "pissara")</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cephalonia (spelt <i>Kephallonia</i> in game) is the home of <a href="/wiki/Alexios_and_Kassandra" title="Alexios and Kassandra">Alexios and Kassandra</a>, main characters of the videogame <i><a href="/wiki/Assassin%27s_Creed_Odyssey" title="Assassin's Creed Odyssey">Assassin's Creed Odyssey</a></i> (2018).<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1994 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin">Captain Corelli's Mandolin</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Berni%C3%A8res" title="Louis de Bernières">Louis de Bernières</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin_(film)" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin (film)">2001 film adaptation of the same name</a>, are primarily set in Cephalonia.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_snakes_of_Cephalonia" title="Sacred snakes of Cephalonia">Sacred snakes of Cephalonia</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/32px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/48px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/64px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Greece" title="Portal:Greece">Greece portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-census21-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census21_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statistics.gr/documents/20181/17286366/MON_PLI_DHM_OIKISN_2021.xlsx">"Αποτελέσματα Απογραφής Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2021, Μόνιμος Πληθυσμός κατά οικισμό"</a> [Results of the 2021 Population - Housing Census, Permanent population by settlement] (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority. 29 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1+%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D+-+%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD+2021%2C+%CE%9C%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C&rft.pub=Hellenic+Statistical+Authority&rft.date=2024-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gr%2Fdocuments%2F20181%2F17286366%2FMON_PLI_DHM_OIKISN_2021.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Cephalonia"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Cephalonia">"Cephalonia" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cephalonia&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kallikratis-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kallikratis_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kallikratis_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wGYK2xFpSwMnXdtvSoClrL8-SrPzKAEPjjtIl9LGdkF53UIxsx942CdyqxSQYNuqAGCF0IfB9HI6hq6ZkZV96FIukI0UzcPsWCK0LpLhpa7rhiWB4R5ntTnoWw7U8E1Amg.">"ΦΕΚ A 87/2010, Kallikratis reform law text"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%CE%A6%CE%95%CE%9A+A+87%2F2010%2C+Kallikratis+reform+law+text&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.et.gr%2Fidocs-nph%2Fsearch%2FpdfViewerForm.html%3Fargs%3D5C7QrtC22wGYK2xFpSwMnXdtvSoClrL8-SrPzKAEPjjtIl9LGdkF53UIxsx942CdyqxSQYNuqAGCF0IfB9HI6hq6ZkZV96FIukI0UzcPsWCK0LpLhpa7rhiWB4R5ntTnoWw7U8E1Amg.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert L. Fowler, 'The myth of Kephalos as aition of rain-magic' (Pherekydes FrGHist 3F34), in <i>Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik</i> <b>97</b> (1993), pp. 29–42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGatopoulos2007" class="citation news cs1">Gatopoulos, Derek (March 27, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/discoveries/2007-03-27-ithaca-search_N.htm">"Engineers to Help Find Homer's Ithaca"</a>. USA Today, Associated Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Engineers+to+Help+Find+Homer%27s+Ithaca&rft.date=2007-03-27&rft.aulast=Gatopoulos&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Ftech%2Fscience%2Fdiscoveries%2F2007-03-27-ithaca-search_N.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandsborg2002" class="citation journal cs1">Randsborg, Klaus (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.0065-001X.2002.00731.x">"Kephallenia Archaeology and History: The Ancient Greek Cities"</a>. <i>Acta Archaeologica</i>. <b>73</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>345. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.0065-001X.2002.00731.x">10.1046/j.0065-001X.2002.00731.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Archaeologica&rft.atitle=Kephallenia+Archaeology+and+History%3A+The+Ancient+Greek+Cities&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E345&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1046%2Fj.0065-001X.2002.00731.x&rft.aulast=Randsborg&rft.aufirst=Klaus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1046%2Fj.0065-001X.2002.00731.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+10.7.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">Pausanias 10.7.4.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herodotus <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D9%3Achapter%3D28">9.28</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Thuc.+2.30&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200">Thucydides 2.30</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thucydides <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0200:book=2:chapter=33&highlight=cephallenia">2.33</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0200:book=5:chapter=35&highlight=cephallenia">5.35</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0200:book=7:chapter=31">Thucydides 7.31</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Polybius/5*.html">Polybius 5.3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Liv.%2038.28&lang=original">Livy 38.28-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/69*.html">Cassius Dio 69.16</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ODB-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_15-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregory1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gregory, Timothy E. (1991). "Kephalenia". In <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazhdan" title="Alexander Kazhdan">Kazhdan, Alexander</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" title="Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a></i>. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">1122–</span>1123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8"><bdi>0-19-504652-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kephalenia&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Byzantium&rft.place=Oxford+and+New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1122-%3C%2Fspan%3E1123&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-19-504652-8&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Timothy+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPentogalou1980" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pentogalou, Ger. I. (1980). "Εποικισμός της Κεφαλονιάς από κρητικές οικογένειες στα πρώτα χρόνια του ΙΣΤ′ αιώνα" [Colonization of Cephalonia by Cretan Families in the Early Years of the 16th Century]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/metadata/0/6/1/metadata-1643884844-836717-19947.tkl"><i>Πεπραγμένα του Δ' Διεθνούς Κρητολογικού Συνεδρίου, Ηράκλειο, 29 Αυγούστου - 3 Δεκεμβρίου 1976. Τόμος Β′ Βυζαντινοί και μέσοι χρόνοι</i></a> (in Greek). Athens: University of Crete. pp. <span class="nowrap">412–</span>425.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CE%95%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%9A%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82+%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1+%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%B1+%CF%87%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%99%CE%A3%CE%A4%E2%80%B2+%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1&rft.btitle=%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%94%27+%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%82+%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D+%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85%2C+%CE%97%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%2C+29+%CE%91%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+-+3+%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+1976.+%CE%A4%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%92%E2%80%B2+%CE%92%CF%85%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%AF+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%BF%CE%B9+%CF%87%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B9&rft.place=Athens&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E412-%3C%2Fspan%3E425&rft.pub=University+of+Crete&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Pentogalou&rft.aufirst=Ger.+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanemi.lib.uoc.gr%2Fmetadata%2F0%2F6%2F1%2Fmetadata-1643884844-836717-19947.tkl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ionion.com/english/kefalonia/culture/history/british.htm">"The English in the Ionian Islands"</a>. <i>www.ionion.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ionion.com&rft.atitle=The+English+in+the+Ionian+Islands&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ionion.com%2Fenglish%2Fkefalonia%2Fculture%2Fhistory%2Fbritish.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:9_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2022" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Bob (2022-05-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/book/43087"><i>Prisoners of War: Europe: 1939-1956</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foso%2F9780198840398.001.0001">10.1093/oso/9780198840398.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-187597-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-187597-7"><bdi>978-0-19-187597-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prisoners+of+War%3A+Europe%3A+1939-1956&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2022-05-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foso%2F9780198840398.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-187597-7&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fbook%2F43087&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Loggerhead Turtles In <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeit.de/1988/52/paulus-war-nie-auf-malta">Agnes Seppelfricke: Paulus war nie auf Malta</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170818121947/http://www.imk.gr/eng/opk/opk04.htm">"Hmc - St. Paul The Apostle"</a>. Imk.gr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imk.gr/eng/opk/opk04.htm">the original</a> on 2017-08-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hmc+-+St.+Paul+The+Apostle&rft.pub=Imk.gr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imk.gr%2Feng%2Fopk%2Fopk04.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRipleyDana1860" class="citation book cs1">Ripley, George; Dana, Charles Anderson (1860). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fEZAAAAAYAAJ&dq=tetrapolis+cephalonia+city+states+island&pg=PA654"><i>The New American Cyclopaedia: A Popular Dictionary of General Knowledge</i></a>. p. 654.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+American+Cyclopaedia%3A+A+Popular+Dictionary+of+General+Knowledge&rft.pages=654&rft.date=1860&rft.aulast=Ripley&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Dana%2C+Charles+Anderson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfEZAAAAAYAAJ%26dq%3Dtetrapolis%2Bcephalonia%2Bcity%2Bstates%2Bisland%26pg%3DPA654&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cambridge-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cambridge_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://assets.cambridge.org/052185/3575/excerpt/0521853575_excerpt.pdf">Odysseus Unbound: The Search for Homer's Ithaca – excerpt</a>. Robert Bittlestone, Cambridge University Press, 2005. Page relating the account of a local to the 1953 great earthquake.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census11-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census11_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census11_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/wiki/2011_Greek_census" title="2011 Greek census">2011 Greek census</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gr/documents/20181/1210503/resident_population_census2011rev.xls">"Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2011. ΜΟΝΙΜΟΣ Πληθυσμός"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Statistical_Authority" title="Hellenic Statistical Authority">Hellenic Statistical Authority</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE+%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D+-+%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD+2011.+%CE%9C%CE%9F%CE%9D%CE%99%CE%9C%CE%9F%CE%A3+%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82&rft.pub=Hellenic+Statistical+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gr%2Fdocuments%2F20181%2F1210503%2Fresident_population_census2011rev.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Greek)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1879-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1879_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1879_Greek_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1879 Greek census (page does not exist)">1879 Greek census</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_1879" class="extiw" title="el:Ελληνική απογραφή 1879">el</a>]</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180508185312/http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00097.pdf"><i>Στατιστική της Ελλάδος. Πληθυσμός 1879</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Athens: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Interior_(Greece)" title="Ministry of the Interior (Greece)">Ministry of the Interior</a>. 1881. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00097.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2018-05-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82.+%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82+1879&rft.place=Athens&rft.pub=Ministry+of+the+Interior&rft.date=1881&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlib.statistics.gr%2FBook%2FGRESYE_02_0101_00097.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Greek and French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1896-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1896_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1896_Greek_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1896 Greek census (page does not exist)">1896 Greek census</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_1896" class="extiw" title="el:Ελληνική απογραφή 1896">el</a>]</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181216072716/http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00003.pdf"><i>Στατιστικά αποτελέσματα της απογραφής του πληθυσμού κατά την 5-6 Οκτωβρίου 1896</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Athens: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Interior_(Greece)" title="Ministry of the Interior (Greece)">Ministry of the Interior</a>, Public Economy and Statistics Section. 1897. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00003.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2018-12-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC+%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+5-6+%CE%9F%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+1896&rft.place=Athens&rft.pub=Ministry+of+the+Interior%2C+Public+Economy+and+Statistics+Section&rft.date=1897&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlib.statistics.gr%2FBook%2FGRESYE_02_0101_00003.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Greek and French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1920-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1920_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1920_Greek_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1920 Greek census (page does not exist)">1920 Greek census</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_1920" class="extiw" title="el:Ελληνική απογραφή 1920">el</a>]</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130530165951/http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00016.pdf"><i>Πραγματικός πληθυσμός της Ελλάδος κατά την απογραφήν της 19 Δεκεμβρίου 1920</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Economy_(Greece)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of National Economy (Greece)">Ministry of National Economy</a>. 1935. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00016.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2013-05-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE%CE%BD+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+19+%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+1920&rft.pub=Ministry+of+National+Economy&rft.date=1935&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlib.statistics.gr%2FBook%2FGRESYE_02_0101_00016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Greek and French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1940-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1940_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_Greek_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1940 Greek census (page does not exist)">1940 Greek census</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_1940" class="extiw" title="el:Ελληνική απογραφή 1940">el</a>]</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141024180624/http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00026.pdf"><i>Πραγματικός πληθυσμός της Ελλάδος κατά την απογραφήν της 16 Οκτωβρίου 1940</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Economy_(Greece)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of National Economy (Greece)">Ministry of National Economy</a>, General Statistical Service of Greece. 1950. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00026.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2014-10-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE%CE%BD+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+16+%CE%9F%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+1940&rft.pub=Ministry+of+National+Economy%2C+General+Statistical+Service+of+Greece&rft.date=1950&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlib.statistics.gr%2FBook%2FGRESYE_02_0101_00026.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Greek and French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1961-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1961_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1961_Greek_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1961 Greek census (page does not exist)">1961 Greek census</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_1961" class="extiw" title="el:Ελληνική απογραφή 1961">el</a>]</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141024184321/http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00051.pdf"><i>Πραγματικός πληθυσμός της Ελλάδος κατά την απογραφήν της 19ης Μαρτίου 1961 κατά νομούς, επαρχίες, δήμους, κοινότητες και οικισμούς</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Statistical_Service_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="National Statistical Service of Greece">National Statistical Service of Greece</a>. 1962. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00051.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2014-10-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE%CE%BD+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+19%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+1961+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%82%2C+%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82%2C+%CE%B4%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82%2C+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%82&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Service+of+Greece&rft.date=1962&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlib.statistics.gr%2FBook%2FGRESYE_02_0101_00051.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Greek and French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1981-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1981_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1981_Greek_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1981 Greek census (page does not exist)">1981 Greek census</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_1981" class="extiw" title="el:Ελληνική απογραφή 1981">el</a>]</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00078.pdf"><i>Πραγματικός πληθυσμός της Ελλάδος κατά την απογραφή της 5 Απριλίου 1981 κατά νομούς, επαρχίες, δήμους, κοινότητες και οικισμούς</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Statistical_Service_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="National Statistical Service of Greece">National Statistical Service of Greece</a>. 1982.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+5+%CE%91%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+1981+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%82%2C+%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82%2C+%CE%B4%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82%2C+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%82&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Service+of+Greece&rft.date=1982&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlib.statistics.gr%2FBook%2FGRESYE_02_0101_00078.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Greek and French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census01-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census01_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=2001_Greek_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2001 Greek census (page does not exist)">2001 Greek census</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_2001" class="extiw" title="el:Ελληνική απογραφή 2001">el</a>]</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00095.pdf"><i>De Facto Population of Greece Population and Housing Census of March 18th, 2001</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Statistical_Service_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="National Statistical Service of Greece">National Statistical Service of Greece</a>. 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Facto+Population+of+Greece+Population+and+Housing+Census+of+March+18th%2C+2001&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Service+of+Greece&rft.date=2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlib.statistics.gr%2FBook%2FGRESYE_02_0101_00095.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ekby.gr/ekby/el/EKBY_PP_el.html">"Ιστοσελίδα ΕΚΒΥ / Προστατευόμενες περιοχές"</a>. <i>www.ekby.gr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-09-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ekby.gr&rft.atitle=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1+%CE%95%CE%9A%CE%92%CE%A5+%2F+%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82+%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AD%CF%82&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ekby.gr%2Fekby%2Fel%2FEKBY_PP_el.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110912235206/http://www.kefaloniainfo.net/kefalonia-mount-ainos.php">"kefaloniainfo.net"</a>. <i>www.kefaloniainfo.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kefaloniainfo.net/kefalonia-mount-ainos.php">the original</a> on 2011-09-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-09-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kefaloniainfo.net&rft.atitle=kefaloniainfo.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kefaloniainfo.net%2Fkefalonia-mount-ainos.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130609074455/http://www.allkefalonia.com/ou-nature.html">"Loggerhead Turtles In"</a>. Allkefalonia.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allkefalonia.com/ou-nature.html">the original</a> on 2013-06-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Loggerhead+Turtles+In&rft.pub=Allkefalonia.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkefalonia.com%2Fou-nature.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/listenormale-1981-2010-1-p73.php">"moyennes 1981/2010"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=moyennes+1981%2F2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org%2Flistenormale-1981-2010-1-p73.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarlaftisTsakas2019" class="citation book cs1">Harlaftis, Gelina; Tsakas, Christos (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-26002-6_8#Abs1">"The Role of Greek Shipowners in the Revival of Northern European Shipyards in the 1950s"</a>. <i>Shipping and Globalization in the Post-War Era</i>. Palgrave Studies in Maritime Economics. pp. <span class="nowrap">185–</span>212. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-030-26002-6_8">10.1007/978-3-030-26002-6_8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-030-26001-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-030-26001-9"><bdi>978-3-030-26001-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:214118524">214118524</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Greek+Shipowners+in+the+Revival+of+Northern+European+Shipyards+in+the+1950s&rft.btitle=Shipping+and+Globalization+in+the+Post-War+Era&rft.series=Palgrave+Studies+in+Maritime+Economics&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E185-%3C%2Fspan%3E212&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A214118524%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-030-26002-6_8&rft.isbn=978-3-030-26001-9&rft.aulast=Harlaftis&rft.aufirst=Gelina&rft.au=Tsakas%2C+Christos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F978-3-030-26002-6_8%23Abs1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wine_grapes-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wine_grapes_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. 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National Statistical Service of Greece. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00098%20.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-09-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+%26+housing+census+2001+%28incl.+area+and+average+elevation%29&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Service+of+Greece&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlib.statistics.gr%2FBook%2FGRESYE_02_0101_00098%2520.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arnold-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Arnold_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arnold, Charles. <i>Die Inseln des Mittelmeers</i>. (German.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Data from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gtp.gr/LocPage.asp?id=69">GTP.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100704052444/http://www.gtp.gr/LocPage.asp?Id=69">Archived</a> 2010-07-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GROrnith-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GROrnith_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GROrnith_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GROrnith_50-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Προσδιορισμός και χαρτογράφηση των ορνιθολογικά ευαίσθητων στα αιολικά πάρκα περιοχών της Ελλάδας, Ελληνική Ορνιθολογική Εταιρεία (Griechische Ornithologische Gesellschaft) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ornithologiki.gr/docs/politiki/ape/ypomnima_aiolika_eoef_ZIP_password.pdf">PDF Online</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> (1,883 MB), griechisch</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kosch,_Wilhelm_1959_pp.798-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kosch,_Wilhelm_1959_pp.798_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kosch,_Wilhelm_1959_pp.798_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKosch,_Wilhelm1959" class="citation book cs1">Kosch, Wilhelm (1959). <i>Biographisches Staatshandbuch: Lexikon der Politik, Presse und Publizistik, Volume 1</i>. 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Editorial CSIC - <a href="/wiki/CSIC_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="CSIC Press">CSIC Press</a>. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788400074593" title="Special:BookSources/9788400074593"><bdi>9788400074593</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Trillar+los+mares%3A+la+expedici%C3%B3n+descubridora+de+Bruno+de+Hezeta+al+noroeste+de+Am%C3%A9rica%2C+1775&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Editorial+CSIC+-+CSIC+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9788400074593&rft.aulast=Bernabeu+Albert&rft.aufirst=Salvador&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da8GxANlvTEIC%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWindowSeater2017" class="citation web cs1">WindowSeater (14 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medium.com/@WindowSeater/the-astonishing-story-of-constantine-and-maria-of-lop-buri-d233413b7691">"The Astonishing Story of Constantine and Maria of Lop Buri"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Medium.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Medium.com">Medium.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medium.com&rft.atitle=The+Astonishing+Story+of+Constantine+and+Maria+of+Lop+Buri&rft.date=2017-08-14&rft.au=WindowSeater&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40WindowSeater%2Fthe-astonishing-story-of-constantine-and-maria-of-lop-buri-d233413b7691&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Masson,_Charles_François_Philibert_1802_pp.339-340-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Masson,_Charles_François_Philibert_1802_pp.339-340_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasson,_Charles_François_Philibert1802" class="citation book cs1">Masson, Charles François Philibert (1802). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EmNKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA339"><i>Secret memoirs of the court of Petersburg: particularly towards the end of the reign of Catharine II and the commencement of that of Paul I.</i></a> T.N. Longman and O. Rees. pp. <span class="nowrap">339–</span>340. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/35652011">35652011</a>. <q>GENERAL MELISSINO – In these Memoirs we have frequently spoken of general Melissino, whose name will long live in Russia. He originally came from Cephalonia and prided himself on his Greek origin, which he was fond of recollecting.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Secret+memoirs+of+the+court+of+Petersburg%3A+particularly+towards+the+end+of+the+reign+of+Catharine+II+and+the+commencement+of+that+of+Paul+I.&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E339-%3C%2Fspan%3E340&rft.pub=T.N.+Longman+and+O.+Rees&rft.date=1802&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F35652011&rft.au=Masson%2C+Charles+Fran%C3%A7ois+Philibert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEmNKAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA339&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Folklore, April, 2004 by Thornton B. Edwards</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com.my/tech/tech-news/2018/10/21/assassins-creed-odyssey-put-to-the-test/">"Assassin's Creed: Odyssey put to the test"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Star_(Malaysia)" title="The Star (Malaysia)">The Star</a></i>. Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. 21 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star&rft.atitle=Assassin%27s+Creed%3A+Odyssey+put+to+the+test&rft.date=2018-10-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com.my%2Ftech%2Ftech-news%2F2018%2F10%2F21%2Fassassins-creed-odyssey-put-to-the-test%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMullan2007" class="citation news cs1">Mullan, John (2007-08-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/aug/25/audiobooks.louisdebernieres">"Captain Corelli's Mandolin: the polyphonic novel"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-04-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Captain+Corelli%27s+Mandolin%3A+the+polyphonic+novel&rft.date=2007-08-25&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Mullan&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2007%2Faug%2F25%2Faudiobooks.louisdebernieres&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Archaeologica" title="Acta Archaeologica">Acta Archaeologica</a></i>, volume 73/2 (December 2002) is a special issue dealing with the archaeology of Kephallenia.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFine1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Van_Antwerp_Fine_Jr." title="John Van Antwerp Fine Jr.">Fine, John V. A. Jr.</a> (1994) [1987]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC"><i>The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest</i></a>. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-472-08260-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-472-08260-4"><bdi>0-472-08260-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Late+Medieval+Balkans%3A+A+Critical+Survey+from+the+Late+Twelfth+Century+to+the+Ottoman+Conquest&rft.place=Ann+Arbor%2C+Michigan&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-472-08260-4&rft.aulast=Fine&rft.aufirst=John+V.+A.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLvVbRrH1QBgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeontsini2014" class="citation book cs1">Leontsini, Maria (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CdIxBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA26">"The Ionian Islands During the Byzantine Period: An Overview of their History and Monuments"</a>. In Hirst, Anthony; Sammon, Patrick (eds.). <i>The Ionian Islands: Aspects of their History and Culture</i>. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. <span class="nowrap">26–</span>63. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-6278-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-6278-3"><bdi>978-1-4438-6278-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Ionian+Islands+During+the+Byzantine+Period%3A+An+Overview+of+their+History+and+Monuments&rft.btitle=The+Ionian+Islands%3A+Aspects+of+their+History+and+Culture&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E26-%3C%2Fspan%3E63&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars+Publishing&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4438-6278-3&rft.aulast=Leontsini&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCdIxBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZečević2014" class="citation book cs1">Zečević, Nada (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LcqfAQAACAAJ"><i>The Tocco of the Greek Realm: Nobility, Power and Migration in Latin Greece (14th-15th centuries)</i></a>. Belgrade: Makart. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788691944100" title="Special:BookSources/9788691944100"><bdi>9788691944100</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tocco+of+the+Greek+Realm%3A+Nobility%2C+Power+and+Migration+in+Latin+Greece+%2814th-15th+centuries%29&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pub=Makart&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9788691944100&rft.aulast=Ze%C4%8Devi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Nada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLcqfAQAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoustalKoder1981" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Soustal, Peter; Koder, Johannes (1981). <i>Tabula Imperii Byzantini, Band 3: Nikopolis und Kephallēnia</i> (in German). Vienna: <a href="/wiki/Verlag_der_%C3%96sterreichischen_Akademie_der_Wissenschaften" class="mw-redirect" title="Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften">Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7001-0399-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7001-0399-8"><bdi>978-3-7001-0399-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tabula+Imperii+Byzantini%2C+Band+3%3A+Nikopolis+und+Kephall%C4%93nia&rft.place=Vienna&rft.pub=Verlag+der+%C3%96sterreichischen+Akademie+der+Wissenschaften&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-3-7001-0399-8&rft.aulast=Soustal&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Koder%2C+Johannes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACephalonia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kefalonia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kefalonia">Kefalonia</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Administrative_division_of_the_Ionian_Islands_Region764" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Ionian_Islands_Region" title="Template:Ionian Islands Region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ionian_Islands_Region" title="Template talk:Ionian Islands Region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ionian_Islands_Region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ionian Islands Region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Administrative_division_of_the_Ionian_Islands_Region764" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Greece" title="Administrative divisions of Greece">Administrative division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands_(region)" title="Ionian Islands (region)">Ionian Islands Region</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <dl><dt>Area</dt> <dd>2,307 km<sup>2</sup> (891 sq mi)</dd> <dt>Population</dt> <dd>207,855 (as of 2011)</dd> <dt>Municipalities</dt> <dd>11 (since <a href="/wiki/Kleisthenis_I_Programme" title="Kleisthenis I Programme">2018</a>)</dd> <dt>Capital</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Corfu_(city)" title="Corfu (city)">Corfu</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional unit of <a href="/wiki/Corfu_(regional_unit)" title="Corfu (regional unit)">Corfu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Corfu_and_Diapontian_Islands" title="Central Corfu and Diapontian Islands">Central Corfu and Diapontian Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Corfu" title="North Corfu">North Corfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paxos" title="Paxos">Paxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Corfu" title="South Corfu">South Corfu</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Periferia_Ionion_Nision.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Periferia_Ionion_Nision.png/120px-Periferia_Ionion_Nision.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Periferia_Ionion_Nision.png/180px-Periferia_Ionion_Nision.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Periferia_Ionion_Nision.png/240px-Periferia_Ionion_Nision.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="679" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional unit of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cephalonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argostoli" title="Argostoli">Argostoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lixouri" title="Lixouri">Lixouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sami,_Cephalonia" title="Sami, Cephalonia">Sami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional unit of <a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(regional_unit)" title="Ithaca (regional unit)">Ithaca</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(regional_unit)" title="Ithaca (regional unit)">Ithaca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional unit of <a href="/wiki/Lefkada_(regional_unit)" title="Lefkada (regional unit)">Lefkada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lefkada" title="Lefkada">Lefkada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meganisi" title="Meganisi">Meganisi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional unit of <a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zakynthos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zakynthos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <dl><dt>Regional governor</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rodi_Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou" title="Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou">Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou</a> (since <a href="/wiki/2019_Greek_local_elections" title="2019 Greek local elections">2019</a>)</dd> <dt>Decentralized Administration</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Decentralized_Administration_of_Peloponnese,_Western_Greece_and_the_Ionian" title="Decentralized Administration of Peloponnese, Western Greece and the Ionian">Peloponnese, Western Greece and the Ionian</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ionian_Islands307" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ionian_Islands" title="Template:Ionian Islands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ionian_Islands" title="Template talk:Ionian Islands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ionian_Islands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ionian Islands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ionian_Islands307" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cephalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(island)" title="Ithaca (island)">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Corfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lefkada" title="Lefkada">Lefkada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paxos" title="Paxos">Paxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zakynthos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kythira" title="Kythira">Kythira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archipelagoes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diapontia_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Diapontia Islands">Diapontia</a> (Largest islands: <a href="/wiki/Othonoi" title="Othonoi">Othonoi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ereikoussa" title="Ereikoussa">Ereikoussa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mathraki" title="Mathraki">Mathraki</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echinades" title="Echinades">Echinades</a> (Largest islands: <a href="/wiki/Petalas" title="Petalas">Petalas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxeia" title="Oxeia">Oxeia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drakonera" title="Drakonera">Drakonera</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messenian_Oinousses" title="Messenian Oinousses">Oinousses</a> (Largest islands: <a href="/wiki/Schiza" title="Schiza">Schiza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sapientza" title="Sapientza">Sapientza</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Smaller islands<br />and islets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antikythera" title="Antikythera">Antikythera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipaxos" title="Antipaxos">Antipaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkoudi" title="Arkoudi">Arkoudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atokos" title="Atokos">Atokos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elafonisos" title="Elafonisos">Elafonisos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamos_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalamos Island">Kalamos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastos" title="Kastos">Kastos</a></li> <li>Kravia</li> <li>Kythros</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazareto_(Ithaca)" title="Lazareto (Ithaca)">Lazareto (Ithaca)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazaretto_Island" title="Lazaretto Island">Lazaretto (Corfu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meganisi" title="Meganisi">Meganisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navtilos_(Antikythera)" title="Navtilos (Antikythera)">Navtilos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontikonisi" title="Pontikonisi">Pontikonisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proti_Island" title="Proti Island">Proti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphacteria" title="Sphacteria">Sphacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skorpios" title="Skorpios">Skorpios</a></li> <li>Sparti (Lefkada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strofades" title="Strofades">Strofades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vido" title="Vido">Vido</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Greece" title="List of islands of Greece">Greek islands</a>: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Aegean_Islands" title="List of Aegean Islands">Aegean Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saronic_Islands" title="Saronic Islands">Saronic Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyclades" title="Cyclades">Cyclades</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodecanese" title="Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea">Euboea</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Aegean_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="North Aegean Islands">North Aegean Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sporades" title="Sporades">Sporades</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Echinades" title="Echinades">Echinades</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178488#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1605" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178488#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1605" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178488#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/264060911">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4030124-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2012060930">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kefalonie (Řecko : ostrov)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge129028&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5417650">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000334774&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=6902">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007284962105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/530826">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027482707">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044394">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&oldid=1276120092">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cephalonia&oldid=1276120092</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cephalonia" title="Category:Cephalonia">Cephalonia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Islands_of_Greece" title="Category:Islands of Greece">Islands of Greece</a></li><li><a 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