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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dastlabki_davlari_va_taʼlimi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Dastlabki davlari va taʼlimi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dastlabki_davlari_va_taʼlimi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1792-1802:_Vena_—_dastlabki_yillar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1792-1802:_Vena_—_dastlabki_yillar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1792-1802: Vena — dastlabki yillar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1792-1802:_Vena_—_dastlabki_yillar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1802-1812:_„qahramonlik“_davri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1802-1812:_„qahramonlik“_davri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1802-1812: „qahramonlik“ davri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1802-1812:_„qahramonlik“_davri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Karlik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karlik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Karlik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Karlik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manbalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manbalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Manbalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manbalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Havolalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Havolalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Havolalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Havolalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mundarija" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Mundarija" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ludwig van Beethoven</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Boshqa tildagi maqolaga oʻting. 206 ta tilda mavjud" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-206" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">206 ta til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бетховен, Лиудвиг ван – abxaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Бетховен, Лиудвиг ван" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abxaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – nemis (Shveytsariya)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="nemis (Shveytsariya)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%89%E1%8B%B5%E1%89%AA%E1%8C%8D_%E1%89%AB%E1%8A%95_%E1%89%A4%E1%89%B5%E1%88%86%E1%89%A8%E1%8A%95" title="ሉድቪግ ቫን ቤትሆቨን – amxar" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሉድቪግ ቫን ቤትሆቨን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amxar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlo%C3%B0wig_van_Beethoven" title="Hloðwig van Beethoven – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hloðwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitovin" title="Bitovin – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Bitovin" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Tanlangan maqolalar"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AC_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81%D9%86" title="لودفيج فان بيتهوفن – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لودفيج فان بيتهوفن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%98%DC%95%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%93_%DC%92%DC%90%DC%A2_%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%9B%DC%97%DC%98%DC%92%DC%A2" title="ܠܘܕܒܝܓ ܒܐܢ ܒܝܛܗܘܒܢ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܘܕܒܝܓ ܒܐܢ ܒܝܛܗܘܒܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%88%DA%A4%D9%86" title="بيتهوڤن – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بيتهوڤن" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86" title="بيتهوفين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيتهوفين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B9%27%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%A8" title="লুটৱিস ফান বিটহ'ফন – assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লুটৱিস ফান বিটহ'ফন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – asturiy" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лудвиг ван Бетгьовен – avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Лудвиг ван Бетгьовен" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCdviq_van_Bethoven" title="Lüdviq van Bethoven – ozarbayjon" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lüdviq van Bethoven" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ozarbayjon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="لودويک بتهوون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لودويک بتهوون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – boshqird" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="boshqird" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liodv%C4%97ks_van_Bethuovens" title="Liodvėks van Bethuovens – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Liodvėks van Bethuovens" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig Van Beethoven – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ludwig Van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвіг ван Бетховен – belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Людвіг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Людвіг ван Бэтговэн – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Людвіг ван Бэтговэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodew%C3%A8k_pan_B%C3%A8thopen" title="Lodewèk pan Bèthopen – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Lodewèk pan Bèthopen" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лудвиг ван Бетховен – bolgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лудвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लुडविग वॉन बेथोवेन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="लुडविग वॉन बेथोवेन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%97_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="লুডভিগ ফান বেটহোফেন – bengal" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুডভিগ ফান বেটহোফেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – bosniy" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван – chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Tanlangan maqolalar"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – sebuan" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Tanlangan maqolalar"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A4%DB%8C%DA%AF_%DA%A4%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8E%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%86%DA%A4%D9%86" title="لودڤیگ ڤان بێتھۆڤن – sorani-kurd" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لودڤیگ ڤان بێتھۆڤن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani-kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – korsikan" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCdvig_van_Bethoven" title="Lüdvig van Bethoven – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Lüdvig van Bethoven" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – chex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – valliy" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="valliy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="yaxshi maqola"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – dan" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – nemischa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemischa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B2%CE%B9%CF%87_%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Λούντβιχ βαν Μπετόβεν – grek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λούντβιχ βαν Μπετόβεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – inglizcha" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="yaxshi maqola"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Tanlangan maqolalar"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – ispancha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispancha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Tanlangan maqolalar"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – estoncha" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoncha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="yaxshi maqola"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%AF_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="لودویگ فان بتهوون – fors" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لودویگ فان بتهوون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="yaxshi maqola"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – fincha" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Beethoveni_Ludwig" title="Van Beethoveni Ludwig – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Van Beethoveni Ludwig" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – farercha" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="farercha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – fransuzcha" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransuzcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – shimoliy friz" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="shimoliy friz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – friul" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – g‘arbiy friz" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="g‘arbiy friz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – irland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCdvig_van_Bethoven" title="Lüdvig van Bethoven – gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Lüdvig van Bethoven" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E5%A4%9A%E8%8A%AC" title="貝多芬 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="貝多芬" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – shotland-gel" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="shotland-gel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – galisiy" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8A%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%AF_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A6%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%86" title="لۊدويگ وان بئتهؤون – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="لۊدويگ وان بئتهؤون" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Beethoven" title="Ludwig Beethoven – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Ludwig Beethoven" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – men" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="men" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – xausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="xausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – gavaycha" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="gavaycha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92_%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%91%D7%98%D7%94%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9F" title="לודוויג ואן בטהובן – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לודוויג ואן בטהובן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लुडविग वान बीथोवेन – hind" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लुडविग वान बीथोवेन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hind" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – xorvat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – yuqori sorb" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="yuqori sorb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – gaityan" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="gaityan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – venger" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="venger" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A3_%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Լյուդվիգ վան Բեթհովեն – arman" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լյուդվիգ վան Բեթհովեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8A%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A7%D5%B6" title="Լուտուիկ վան Պեթհովէն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լուտուիկ վան Պեթհովէն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – indonez" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – interlingve" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingve" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – island" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="island" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%92%E3%83%BB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%99%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3" title="ルートヴィヒ・ヴァン・ベートーヴェン – yapon" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルートヴィヒ・ヴァン・ベートーヴェン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="yapon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ludvix.fan.beitoven" title="ludvix.fan.beitoven – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="ludvix.fan.beitoven" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – yavan" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="yavan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%92_%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლუდვიგ ვან ბეთჰოვენი – gruzincha" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუდვიგ ვან ბეთჰოვენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – kabil" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лудвиг ван Бетховен – kabardin" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Лудвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – qozoqcha" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qozoqcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಲುಡ್ವಿಗ್ ವಾನ್ ಬೆಟ್ಹೋವನ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಲುಡ್ವಿಗ್ ವಾನ್ ಬೆಟ್ಹೋವನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%ED%8A%B8%EB%B9%84%ED%9E%88_%ED%8C%90_%EB%B2%A0%ED%86%A0%EB%B2%A4" title="루트비히 판 베토벤 – koreyscha" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루트비히 판 베토벤" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван – qorachoy-bolqor" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="qorachoy-bolqor" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – kurdcha" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – korn" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – qirgʻizcha" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="qirgʻizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovicus_van_Beethoven" title="Ludovicus van Beethoven – lotincha" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ludovicus van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="lotincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – lyuksemburgcha" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lyuksemburgcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – lezgin" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – limburg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – liguryan" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguryan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="yaxshi maqola"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvigs_van_B%C4%93thovens" title="Ludvigs van Bēthovens – latishcha" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ludvigs van Bēthovens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latishcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – malagasiy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лудвиг ван Бетовен – makedon" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лудвиг ван Бетовен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BB" title="ബീഥോവൻ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബീഥോവൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लुडविग फान बीथोव्हेन – maratxi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लुडविग फान बीथोव्हेन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratxi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Tanlangan maqolalar"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – maltiy" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဘီသိုဗင် – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘီသိုဗင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – quyi nemis" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="quyi nemis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – quyi sakson" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="quyi sakson" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="लूट्विश् फ़ान् बेट्होफ़न् – nevar" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लूट्विश् फ़ान् बेट्होफ़न्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – niderland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – norveg-nyunorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveg-nyunorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – norveg-bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveg-bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – oksitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван – osetin" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%A8" title="ਲੁਡਵਿਗ ਵਾਨ ਬੀਥੋਵਨ – panjobcha" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲੁਡਵਿਗ ਵਾਨ ਬੀਥੋਵਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjobcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="yaxshi maqola"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – polyakcha" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polyakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DA%88%D9%88%DA%AF_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="لڈوگ فان بیتھوون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لڈوگ فان بیتھوون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%AF_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86" title="لیودویگ وان بیتهووین – pushtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لیودویگ وان بیتهووین" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pushtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – portugalcha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – kechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – rumincha" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – arumin" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван – ruscha" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D2%91_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвіґ ван Бетховен – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Людвіґ ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – saxa" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="saxa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – sardin" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – sitsiliya" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiliya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – shotland" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="shotland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%9D%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ලූඩ්විග් වැන් බීතෝවන් – singal" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ලූඩ්විග් වැන් බීතෝවන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="yaxshi maqola"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – slovakcha" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – slovencha" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovencha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – somalicha" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalicha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – alban" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="alban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лудвиг ван Бетовен – serbcha" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лудвиг ван Бетовен" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – sundan" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – shved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="shved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – suaxili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaxili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – silez" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu-te-wi-si.Ban.Pey-tow-ben" title="Lu-te-wi-si.Ban.Pey-tow-ben – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Lu-te-wi-si.Ban.Pey-tow-ben" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="லுடுவிக் வான் பேத்தோவன் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லுடுவிக் வான் பேத்தோவன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A5%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="లుడ్విగ్ వాన్ బీథోవెన్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="లుడ్విగ్ వాన్ బీథోవెన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетҳовен – tojik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетҳовен" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tojik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ลูทวิช ฟัน เบทโฮเฟิน – tay" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลูทวิช ฟัน เบทโฮเฟิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – turk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван – tuva" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Бетховен, Людвиг ван" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвиг ван Бетховен – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Людвиг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%89%D8%AA%D8%AE%D9%88%DB%8B%D9%89%D9%86" title="بىتخوۋىن – uyg‘ur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بىتخوۋىن" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uyg‘ur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Людвіг ван Бетховен – ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Людвіг ван Бетховен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DA%88%D9%88%DA%AF_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="لڈوگ بیتھوون – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لڈوگ بیتھوون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – venet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethoven_L%C3%BCdvig_van" title="Bethoven Lüdvig van – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Bethoven Lüdvig van" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – vyetnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vyetnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – volapyuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – vallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E5%87%A1%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%A4%9A%E8%8A%AC" title="路德维希·凡·贝多芬 – vu xitoy" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="路德维希·凡·贝多芬" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%92_%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლუდვიგ ვან ბეთჰოვენი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლუდვიგ ვან ბეთჰოვენი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9F" title="לודוויג וואן בעטהאוון – idish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לודוויג וואן בעטהאוון" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Chjuan" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Chjuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%A4%9A%E8%8A%AC" title="路德维希·范·贝多芬 – xitoy" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="路德维希·范·贝多芬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E5%A4%9A%E8%8A%AC" title="貝多芬 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="貝多芬" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ludwig van Beethoven" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%AD%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%C2%B7%E8%B2%9D%E5%A4%9A%E8%8A%AC" title="路德維希·范·貝多芬 – kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="路德維希·范·貝多芬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q255#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tillararo ishoratlarni tahrirlash" class="wbc-editpage">Ishoratlarni tahrirla</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomfazolar"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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href="/wiki/Fayl:Beethoven.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Beethoven.jpg/200px-Beethoven.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Beethoven.jpg/300px-Beethoven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Beethoven.jpg/400px-Beethoven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1443" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Tavalludi</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/17-dekabr" title="17-dekabr">17-dekabr</a> <a href="/wiki/1770-yil" class="mw-redirect" title="1770-yil">1770-yil</a><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olmoniya" class="mw-redirect" title="Olmoniya">Olmoniya</a></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Vafoti</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/26-mart" title="26-mart">26-mart</a> <a href="/wiki/1827-yil" class="mw-redirect" title="1827-yil">1827-yil</a><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday">1827-03-26</span>)</span> <br /> (56 yoshda)<br /><a href="/wiki/Vena" class="mw-disambig" title="Vena">Vena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avstriya" title="Avstriya">Avstriya</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Fuqaroligi</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P27" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q255$3cbfe1eb-40e9-d4dc-d188-9ebe63e33121"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak">Electorate of Cologne</span><sup id="cite_ref-—_Т.&amp;nbsp;13._1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-—_Т.&amp;nbsp;13.-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> va <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P27" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q255$9faffdc4-4b92-9e90-9b73-abd301f3374b"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/Avstriya_imperiyasi" title="Avstriya imperiyasi">Avstriya imperiyasi</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-—_Т.&amp;nbsp;13._1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-—_Т.&amp;nbsp;13.-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Otasi</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P22" data-wikidata-claim-id="q255$C23599BF-0475-4C0E-9CE1-F862CC1C6B56"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak">Johann van Beethoven</span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Onasi</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P25" data-wikidata-claim-id="q255$3a0de29e-42dc-bdc7-00f7-b64b4b14a10b"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak">Maria Magdalena van Beethoven</span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Lyudvig van Betxoven</b> (1770-yil 17-dekabrda choʻqintirilgan – 1827-yil 26-mart) nemis bastakori va pianinochisi. U Gʻarb musiqasi tarixidagi eng hurmatli shaxslardan biri; uning asarlari mumtoz musiqa repertuarining eng koʻp ijro etilgan asarlari qatoriga kiradi va klassik musiqada <a href="/wiki/Klassitsizm_davr_musiqasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Klassitsizm davr musiqasi">klassik davrdan</a> romantik davrga oʻtish davrini qamrab oladi. Uning dastlabki ijodi 1802-yildan boshlangan. 1802-yildan 1812-yilgacha uning oʻrta davri <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Haydn" title="Joseph Haydn">Joseph Haydn</a> va <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart</a> uslublaridan foydalanib ijod qilgan. Bu vaqt ichida Beethovenning qulogʻi tobora eshitmaslikni boshladi. Oʻzining soʻngi yillarida, 1812-yildan 1827-yilgacha u musiqiy shakl va ifodadagi yangiliklarini kengaytirdi. </p><p>Uning birinchi yirik orkestr asari " Birinchi simfoniya " premyerasi 1800-yilda boʻlib oʻtdi va birinchi torli kvartetlar toʻplami 1801-yilda nashr etildi. Bu davrda karligi kuchayganiga qaramay, u dirijorlik qilishni davom ettirdi va 1804- va 1808-yillarda oʻzining Uchinchi va Beshinchi simfoniyalarining premerasini oʻtkazdi. Uning skripka konserti 1806-yilda paydo boʻldi. Uning soʻnggi pianino konserti (№ 5, Op. 73, <i>Emperor</i> nomi bilan tanilgan), oʻzining doimiy homiysi Avstriyalik Archduke Rudolfga bagʻishlangan, 1811-yilda Beethovenning solist sifatida premyerasi boʻlib oʻtdi. 1815-yilga kelib u deyarli butunlay kar boʻlib qoldi. Shundan soʻng, pianino ijro etishdan va omma oldida chiqishdan voz kechdi. U oʻzining sogʻligʻi bilan bogʻliq muammolari va amalga oshirilmagan shaxsiy hayotini ikkita maktubda tasvirlab berdi: akalariga yozgan <i>Heiligenstadt Testament</i> (1802) va nomaʼlum <i>Immortal Beloved</i> (1812) ga yuborilmagan sevgi maktubi. </p><p>1810-yildan soʻng, eshitish qobiliyati yomonlashgani sababli, ijtimoiy jihatdan ommaviy tadbirlarda kamroq ishtirok etgan Beethoven oʻzining eng hayratlanarli asarlarini, jumladan, keyingi simfoniyalarni, kamera musiqasini va kechki pianino sonatalarini yaratdi. Uning birinchi marta 1805-yilda ijro etilgan yagona operasi <i>Fidelio</i> 1814-yilda oxirgi versiyasi qayta koʻrib chiqilgan. U 1819-1823 yillarda <i>Missa solemnis</i> va 1822-1824 yillarda xor simfoniyasining birinchi namunalaridan biri boʻlgan 9-sonli soʻnggi simfoniyasini yaratdi. Oʻzining soʻnggi yillarida yozilgan torli kvartetlari, shu jumladan 1825-1826 yillardagi <i>Grosse Fuge</i>, uning soʻnggi yutuqlaridan biridir. Bir necha oylik kasallikdan soʻng, toʻshakka mixlanib qoldi, u 1827-yil mart oyida 56 yoshida vafot etdi . </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hayoti_va_faoliyati">Hayoti va faoliyati</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Hayoti va faoliyati" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Hayoti va faoliyati"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dastlabki_davlari_va_taʼlimi"><span id="Dastlabki_davlari_va_ta.CA.BClimi"></span>Dastlabki davlari va taʼlimi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Dastlabki davlari va taʼlimi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Dastlabki davlari va taʼlimi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Beethoven_house_of_birth_Bonn_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Beethoven_house_of_birth_Bonn_2008.jpg/220px-Beethoven_house_of_birth_Bonn_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="364" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Beethoven_house_of_birth_Bonn_2008.jpg/330px-Beethoven_house_of_birth_Bonn_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Beethoven_house_of_birth_Bonn_2008.jpg/440px-Beethoven_house_of_birth_Bonn_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1996" data-file-height="3302" /></a><figcaption> Beethovenning tugʻilgan joyi Bonngasse <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a> 20 hozirda Beethoven-Haus muzeyidir.</figcaption></figure> <p>Beethoven 21 yoshida <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonnga</a> koʻchib kelgan Ludwig van Beethovenning nabirasi, u Avstriyaning Brabant knyazligidagi Mechelen shahrida musiqachi boʻlgan<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ludwig Köln arxiyepiskopi-selektori Klemens Avgust saroyida <a href="/wiki/Bas" title="Bas">bas</a> qoʻshiqchi boʻlib faoliyat yuritdi va 1761-yilda Kapellmeister (musiqa direktori) va Bonndagi taniqli musiqachiga aylandi. Umrining soʻnggida oʻziga topshirgan portreti musiqiy merosining tumori sifatida nabirasining xonalarida saqlanib qolgan<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwafford2014_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwafford2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ludwigning ikkita oʻgʻli bor edi, ulardan kichigi Johann oʻsha musiqa muassasasida tenor boʻlib ishlagan va daromadini toʻldirish uchun pianino va skripkadan saboq bergan<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Beethovenning birinchi musiqa oʻqituvchisi uning otasi edi. Keyinchalik uning boshqa mahalliy oʻqituvchilari, jumladan sud organchisi Gilles van den Eeden (vaf. 1782), oilaviy doʻsti Tobias Friedrich Pfeiffer, pianino boʻyicha oʻqitish, skripka va viola chalishni oʻrgatuvchi qarindoshi Frans Rovantini<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> va Beethovenga skripka boʻyicha koʻrsatmalar bergan sud kontsertmeysteri Frans Anton Ries<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwafford2014_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwafford2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Uning taʼlim berishi beshinchi kursida boshlangan. Rejim qattiq va shiddatli edi, bu esa uni koʻz yoshlariga ham sabab boʻldi. <a href="/wiki/Uyqusizlik" title="Uyqusizlik">Uyqusizlik</a> bilan ogʻrigan Pfeiffer ishtirokida yosh Beethoven toʻshagidan pianinoga sudrab olib borilib, tunda noodatiy mashgʻulotlar oʻtkazishdi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwafford2014_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwafford2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Beethovenning musiqiy isteʼdodi yoshligida yaqqol namoyon boʻldi. Leopold Mozartning oʻgʻli <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Wolfgang</a> va qizi Nannerl bilan bu sohadagi muvaffaqiyatlaridan xabardor boʻlgan Johann oʻgʻlini 1778-yil mart oyida oʻzining birinchi ommaviy chiqishi uchun afishalarda Beethoven olti (u aslida yetti yoshda) edi, deb daʼvo qilib, oʻgʻlini <a href="/wiki/Vunderkind" title="Vunderkind">bolaligidan</a> ommaga targʻib qilishga urindi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1792-1802:_Vena_—_dastlabki_yillar"><span id="1792-1802:_Vena_.E2.80.94_dastlabki_yillar"></span>1792-1802: Vena — dastlabki yillar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: 1792-1802: Vena — dastlabki yillar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: 1792-1802: Vena — dastlabki yillar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Beethoven_Riedel_1801.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Beethoven_Riedel_1801.jpg/220px-Beethoven_Riedel_1801.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Beethoven_Riedel_1801.jpg/330px-Beethoven_Riedel_1801.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Beethoven_Riedel_1801.jpg 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption> Beethovenning yoshlikdagi portreti, <abbr title="taxminan">tax.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1801</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Beethoven 1792-yil noyabr oyida Fransiyada urush boshlanishi haqidagi mish-mishlar fonida <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonndan</a> <a href="/wiki/Vena_(shahar)" title="Vena (shahar)">Venaga</a> joʻnab ketdi. Ketganidan koʻp oʻtmay, Beethoven otasining vafot etganidan xabar topdi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Keyingi bir necha yil ichida u yaqinda vafot etgan Mozartning vorisi ekanligi haqidagi keng tarqalgan tuygʻuga Mozart ijodini oʻrganish va oʻziga xos Mozartiy lazzat bilan asarlar yozish orqali javob berdi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Beethoven darhol oʻzini bastakor sifatida koʻrsatishga kirishmadi, balki oʻzini oʻqish va ijrochilikka bagʻishladi. U Haydn rahbarligida ishlagan<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,<a href="/wiki/Kontrapunkt" title="Kontrapunkt">kontrapunktni</a> oʻzlashtirishga intildi. Ignaz Schuppanzigh qoʻl ostida skripkani ham oʻrgangan<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Bu davrning boshida Antonio Salieridan, birinchi navbatda, italyan vokal kompozitsiyasi uslubi boʻyicha vaqti-vaqti bilan koʻrsatma olishni boshladi; bu munosabatlar kamida 1802-yilgacha va ehtimol 1809-yilgacha davom etdi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Haydn va Waldstein bilan aloqalari tufayli Beethoven Vena zodagonlarining saroylarida ijrochi va improvizator sifatida obroʻ qozona boshladi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESolomon1998_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESolomon1998-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Uning doʻsti Nikolaus Simrock oʻz kompozitsiyalarini Dittersdorf (WoO 66) mavzusidagi pianino oʻzgarishlari toʻplamidan boshlab nashr qilishni boshladi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1793-yilga kelib, u Vena shahrida pianino virtuozi sifatida obroʻga ega boʻldi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1802-1812:_„qahramonlik“_davri"><span id="1802-1812:_.E2.80.9Eqahramonlik.E2.80.9C_davri"></span>1802-1812: „qahramonlik“ davri</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: 1802-1812: „qahramonlik“ davri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: 1802-1812: „qahramonlik“ davri"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Karlik">Karlik</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Karlik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Karlik"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Beethoven_Hornemann.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Beethoven_Hornemann.jpg/220px-Beethoven_Hornemann.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Beethoven_Hornemann.jpg/330px-Beethoven_Hornemann.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Beethoven_Hornemann.jpg/440px-Beethoven_Hornemann.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="912" /></a><figcaption> Christian Horneman tomonidan chizilgan 1803-yil Beethoven portreti</figcaption></figure> <p>Beethoven ingliz pianinochisi Charlz Neatega (1815-yilda) uning eshitish qobiliyatini yoʻqotishi 1798-yilda qoʻshiqchi bilan qizgʻin janjal paytida boshlanganini aytdi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESolomon1998_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESolomon1998-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Sekin-asta uning eshitishiga tinnitusning ogʻir shakli toʻsqinlik qildi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwafford2014_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwafford2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1801-yilda Wegeler va boshqa doʻsti Karl Amendaga maktub yozgan va uning alomatlari va ular kasbiy va ijtimoiy muhitda yuzaga kelgan qiyinchiliklarni tasvirlab bergan (garchi uning baʼzi yaqin doʻstlari bu muammolardan allaqachon xabardor boʻlishsa ham)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Kasallikning sababi, ehtimol, otoskleroz edi, ehtimol eshitish nervlarining buzilishi bilan bogʻliq edi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beethovenning eshitish qobiliyatini yoʻqotishi unga musiqa yozishga toʻsqinlik qilmadi, lekin bu uning hayotining ushbu bosqichida muhim daromad manbai boʻlgan konsertlarda ishtirok etishni tobora qiyinlashtirdi. Bu uning ijtimoiy chekinishiga ham katta hissa qoʻshdi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Czernyning taʼkidlashicha, Beethoven hali 1812-yilgacha nutq va musiqani odatdagidek eshitishi mumkin edi<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEaly1994_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEaly1994-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Beethoven hech qachon butunlay kar boʻlmagan; hayotining soʻnggi yillarida u hali ham past tonlarni va baland tovushlarni ajrata olardi<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manbalar">Manbalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Manbalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Manbalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3605845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-—_Т.&amp;nbsp;13.-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-—_Т.&amp;nbsp;13._1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-—_Т.&amp;nbsp;13._1-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> — Т. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-2">2,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-3">2,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-4">2,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermanTysonBurnham2001_2-5">2,5</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKermanTysonBurnham2001">Kerman, Tyson & Burnham 2001</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKermanTysonBurnham2001 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkum:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkum:Harv and Sfn template errors (sahifa yaratilmagan)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper2008-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-1">3,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-2">3,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-3">3,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-4">3,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-5">3,5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper2008_3-6">3,6</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2008">Cooper 2008</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCooper2008 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkum:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkum:Harv and Sfn template errors (sahifa yaratilmagan)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESwafford2014-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwafford2014_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwafford2014_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwafford2014_4-2">4,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwafford2014_4-3">4,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSwafford2014">Swafford 2014</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSwafford2014 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkum:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkum:Harv and Sfn template errors (sahifa yaratilmagan)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a_5-1">5,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThayer1967a_5-2">5,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThayer1967a">Thayer 1967a</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFThayer1967a (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkum:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkum:Harv and Sfn template errors (sahifa yaratilmagan)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESolomon1998-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESolomon1998_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESolomon1998_6-1">6,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSolomon1998">Solomon 1998</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSolomon1998 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkum:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkum:Harv and Sfn template errors (sahifa yaratilmagan)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStevens20132854–2858-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStevens20132854–2858_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStevens2013">Stevens 2013</a>, ss. 2854–2858.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFStevens2013 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkum:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkum:Harv and Sfn template errors (sahifa yaratilmagan)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">Kolata, Gina. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/06/health/beethoven-deaf-lead-hair.html">„Locks of Beethoven's Hair Offer New Clues to the Mystery of His Deafness“</a>. <i>The New York Times</i> (2024-yil 6-may). Qaraldi: 2024-yil 16-may.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFCaeyers8_September_2020">Caeyers, Jan<i>. Beethoven: A Life</i>. Univ of California Press, 8 September 2020 — 109-bet. <a href="/wiki/Maxsus:BookSources/978-0-520-34354-2" title="Maxsus:BookSources/978-0-520-34354-2">ISBN <span style="white-space: nowrap;">978-0-520-34354-2</span></a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beethoven%3A+A+Life&rft.aulast=Caeyers&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=8+September+2020&rft.pub=Univ+of+California+Press&rft.pages=109 &rft.isbn=978-0-520-34354-2"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEaly1994-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEaly1994_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEaly1994">Ealy 1994</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFEaly1994 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkum:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkum:Harv and Sfn template errors (sahifa yaratilmagan)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/feb/01/beethoven-not-completely-deaf-says-musicologist">„'Deaf' genius Beethoven was able to hear his final symphony after all“</a></span> (en). <i>The Guardian</i> (2020-yil 1-fevral). Qaraldi: 2021-yil 2-sentyabr.</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Havolalar">Havolalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Havolalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_van_Beethoven&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Havolalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beethoven.de/">Betxoven-Haus Bonn</a></li></ul> <p><br /><span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="uz" dir="ltr">Manba xatosi: <code><ref></code> tags exist for a group named "n", but no corresponding <code><references group="n"/></code> tag was found</span> </p>    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