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一种血液“蛋白质时钟”可预测疾病风险—新闻—科学网

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font: 12px 宋体; float: right"> 选择字号:<span onclick="showsize(12)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">小</span> <span onclick="showsize(14)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">中</span> <span onclick="showsize(16)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer"> 大</span> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <div id="content1" style=" padding:15px; text-align: left; line-height: 24px; word-wrap: break-word;word-break:break-all" class="f14"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td height="20"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b></b></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" class="style1" style="font-size: 22px; color: #587c19; font-family: 黑体; line-height: 30px"> 一种血液“蛋白质时钟”可预测疾病风险</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b>对各种遗传背景的人均有效</b></td> </tr> </table> <p >&nbsp;</p><p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">8月8日,一项发表于《自然-医学》的研究显示,一种基于血液中约200种蛋白质的年龄“时钟”可以预测18种慢性疾病的风险,包括心脏病、癌症、糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病等。</p> <div style="text-align: center;" class="ueditorOption ueditorOptionModel" contenteditable="true" id="0"> <img src="https://rmtzx.sciencenet.cn//kxwsprint/66b9b7a1e4b03b5da6d14985.png" data-wenge-id="115776" wosname="66b9b7a1e4b03b5da6d14985.png" size="771608" opaid="wenge-ztk052f6y990/" data-mce-src="https://rmtzx.sciencenet.cn//kxwsprint/66b9b7a1e4b03b5da6d14985.png" id="img-null"> <span style="display:block;color: #999;font-size:14px;margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:20px;" class="img_caption" placeholder="请输入图说">对血液中200多种蛋白质的分析为死亡风险和十几种与衰老相关的慢性疾病提供了线索。图片来源:Vo Trung Dung/Look At Sciences/Science Photo Library</span> </div> <p class="timeLine_wg" style="height:20px;"><span style="display:none"><span contenteditable="false" style="height: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; display: block; z-index: 9999; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 0px; line-height: 0px; position: absolute; border-top: 1px dashed rgb(181, 189, 202); user-select: none; left: 0px; right: 0px; top: 8px;"><span class="timeIdentification" style="width:0px;height:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;display:block;z-index:9999;color:#fff;position:absolute;font-size: 0px;line-height:0px;border-color:transparent;display:block;border-style:solid;right:0px;border-right-color:#B5BDCA;border-width:8px 8px 8px 0;top:-8px">&nbsp;</span><span style="width:0px;height:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;display:block;z-index:9999;color:#fff;position:absolute;font-size: 0px;line-height:0px;border-color:transparent;display:block;border-style:solid;left:0px;border-left-color:#B5BDCA;border-width:8px 0 8px 8px;top:-8px">&nbsp;</span><span class="hide_time_wg" title="在这插入段落" contenteditable="false" style="width:0px;height:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;display:block;z-index:9999;color:#fff;position:absolute;font-size: 22px;line-height:17px;height:17px;text-align: center;width:17px;right:17px;background:#B5BDCA;cursor:pointer;top:-8px; border-radius: 2px;" onclick="timeLine(this)">?</span></span></span></p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">该研究首席科学家、美国波士顿马萨诸塞州总医院人口健康研究员Austin Argentieri说,这种精确时钟提高了开发一种单一测试的可能性,这种测试可以描述一个人患多种慢性疾病的风险。他说:“想要长寿,归根到底必须预防慢性疾病。”</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">一个人的实际年龄是决定其患许多与年龄有关疾病风险的关键,但实际年龄并不是疾病的完美预测指标。例如,一些60岁的人身体虚弱,患有心脏病,而另一些人则健康状况良好。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">Argentieri和同事试图建立一个能够准确反映一个人疾病状态的“时钟”。为此,他们使用了英国生物医学样本库中随机选择的45441人的数据,样本量大约是之前蛋白质时钟研究的30倍。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">研究小组发现,204种蛋白质的水平可以准确预测实际年龄。值得注意的是,当研究人员仅使用20种最具指示性的蛋白质构建第二个时钟时,它预测年龄的效果几乎与204种蛋白质时钟一样。这20种蛋白质包括构成细胞间支撑结构的弹性蛋白和胶原蛋白,以及参与免疫反应和激素调节的蛋白质。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">该时钟还准确预测了中国生物库近4000名参与者和芬兰生物库约2000名参与者<span style=";; text-align: justify;">的实际年龄</span>。研究人员表示,之前基于蛋白质的时钟研究数据来自更同质的人群。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">一般来说,使用蛋白质时钟测量的年龄与实际年龄相符。但是对于一些个体而言,两者之间存在差距,这反映了一个事实,即蛋白质水平随着疾病发展而变化。蛋白质时钟年龄高于实际年龄的人更容易患上慢性疾病,包括糖尿病、神经退行性疾病、癌症以及心脏、肝脏、肾脏、肺部疾病。蛋白质时钟老化还与身体虚弱、反应迟钝和过早死亡有关。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">一些人的蛋白质时钟比平均水平慢,目前尚不清楚这是由于环境因素、遗传因素还是两者综合作用的结果。Argentieri说,研究中10%的“年龄最小”的人中,“不到1%的人患痴呆症或阿尔茨海默病”。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院分子流行病学家Sara H?gg说,这项研究有两大优势——庞大数据集以及它在不同人群中的成功复制。“这是一项非常有说服力的研究。”她说。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">Argentieri和同事希望在训练数据中增加更多的地理和遗传多样性。Argentieri说,限制因素是不同人群的生物库中缺乏蛋白质数据。他们还在研究使用蛋白质时钟测试新的医疗方法能否避免与年龄相关的疾病,“而不必等上10年或20年才能看到一个人是否患上了慢性病”。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">与此同时,他们正在寻找影响蛋白质在体内衰老速度的环境和行为因素。“假如我知道了未来患18种不同疾病的风险,那么我能做些什么来改变这种局面吗?”Argentieri说。</p> <p class="lastPadding" style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; 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