State Facts and Symbols

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The Michigan State Capitol in Lansing opened Jan. 1, 1879, to great acclaim. Designed by architect Elijah E. Myers, Michigan’s Capitol holds a special place in American history as one of the first state capitols to be topped by a lofty cast iron dome. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1992.<br /> <br /> <strong>State Motto:</strong> Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice, which translates, "If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you."<br /> <br /> <strong>Population:</strong> According to <a href="https://www.census.gov/library/stories/state-by-state/michigan-population-change-between-census-decade.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"class="off-domain-link">U.S. Census Bureau 2020 State Population Estimates</a>, the population of Michigan is 10,077,331.  Michigan is the 10th most populous state in the nation. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content component__section feature-item-component__section feature-item-component__section--2-column"> <div class="component-content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"><div class="col-12"><h2 class="content-title">Michigan's Great Seal and Coat of Arms</h2></div></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-6"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <a class="img-link " href="https://www.michigan.gov/sos/notary-services/great-seal/history-of-the-great-seal-and-coat-of-arms" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img" style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/The-Great-Seal-of-Michigan.png?mw=768&rev=2f8d1c36bb83497ab2c3d872e458c960&hash=DB54A24336F92FA0E6473684D31B5E0B');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="The Great Seal of Michigan">The Great Seal of Michigan </span> </div> </div> </a> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>Great Seal</h3> <div class="rte-content">Michigan's Great Seal was designed by Lewis Cass, Michigan's second (non-acting) territorial governor. The seal was patterned after the seal of the Hudson Bay Fur Company. It was presented to the Constitutional Convention of 1835 and adopted June 2, 1835, as the official Great Seal of Michigan. The use of the Great Seal is regulated at some length by state law.</div> <a href="https://www.michigan.gov/sos/notary-services/great-seal/history-of-the-great-seal-and-coat-of-arms" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="view-link">Learn About the Great Seal<span class="call-to-action-chevron"><svg height="12px" width="12px" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 7 12"><path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M5.569 5.994L0 .726.687 0l6.336 5.994-6.335 6.002L0 11.27z"/></path></svg></span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <a class="img-link " href="https://www.michigan.gov/sos/notary-services/great-seal/history-of-the-great-seal-and-coat-of-arms" target="" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img" style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/Michigan-Coat-of-Arms.png?mw=768&rev=da6d49db5bd649039838fb919d13e4e6&hash=16E8E985E6DCBAD28E0DC175BF4877B2');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Michigan Coat of Arms">Michigan Coat of Arms </span> </div> </div> </a> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>Coat of Arms</h3> <div class="rte-content">The Michigan Coat of Arms was adopted at the Constitutional Convention of 1835. Michigan’s current coat of arms was adopted by the Legislature in 1911 and features the same imagery as the center of the Great Seal. Use of the coat of arms is less regulated than the use of the Great Seal. </div> <a href="https://www.michigan.gov/sos/notary-services/great-seal/history-of-the-great-seal-and-coat-of-arms" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="" class="view-link">Learn About the Coat of Arms<span class="call-to-action-chevron"><svg height="12px" width="12px" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 7 12"><path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M5.569 5.994L0 .726.687 0l6.336 5.994-6.335 6.002L0 11.27z"/></path></svg></span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content component__section feature-item-component__section feature-item-component__section-video feature-item-component__section-video-right"> <div class="component-content"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content vertically-align"> <h2>Michigan's Flag</h2> <div class="rte-content">In the 1830s, numerous flags bearing the Michigan Coat of Arms in various designs and emblems were in use. It was not until 1865, however, that an official Michigan flag was adopted. The design of the flag, recommended by Adjutant-General John Robertson and approved by Gov. Crapo, bore the coat of arms on a field of blue on one side. The reverse side featured the coat of arms for the U.S. Michigan's state flag was first unfurled at the laying of the corner stone at the monument of the Soldiers' National Cemetery at Gettysburg on the July 4, 1865.</div> <a href="https://www.michigan.gov/whitmer/news/flag-honors" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="view-link">View Flag Honor Updates<span class="call-to-action-chevron"><svg height="12px" width="12px" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 7 12"><path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M5.569 5.994L0 .726.687 0l6.336 5.994-6.335 6.002L0 11.27z"/></path></svg></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 offset-md-1 order-md-last order-first"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-video-item"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Michigan's Flag Video"> Michigan's Flag Video </span> <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed//IdBByQMb2aE?rel=0" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content component__section feature-item-component__section feature-item-component__section--3-column"> <div class="component-content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"><div class="col-12"><h2 class="content-title">State Facts and Symbols</h2></div></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Bird.jpg?mw=768&rev=ba69e6750fe440eda5f0eea0faa50f24&hash=B8AAD037F5C5F9491D7A48CCEE578C87');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of a Robin, the state bird.">Photo of a Robin, the state bird. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Bird</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1931, the AMERICAN ROBIN (Turdus migratorius) was chosen the state bird. It had been favored by the Michigan Audubon Society. Sponsors called the robin “the bestknown and best-loved of all the birds in the state of Michigan.”</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Fish.jpg?mw=768&rev=3e7618d1914047a5b8c92213939dc205&hash=66D7F40D2A4D23BDA320119991285773');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of a Brook Trout on a log.">Photo of a Brook Trout on a log. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Fish</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1965, the TROUT was designated as the state fish. In 1988, the Michigan Legislature specified the BROOK TROUT (Salvelinus fontinalis) as the state fish. The brook trout is native to Michigan and found throughout the state. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Flower.jpg?mw=768&rev=4a2b74b2d03446f1965fc864323fe7cb&hash=A82E177E89A7603F0ED1429C7CD47139');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of state flower.">Photo of state flower. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Flower</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1897, the APPLE BLOSSOM (Pyrus coronaria) was designated the state flower. Sponsors noted it was “one of the most fragrant and beautiful flowered species of apple.” It is native to the state.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Fossil.jpg?mw=768&rev=ceec27b1fd7640e4abffb4cbe6ffde70&hash=DF038ADAD2EC842FC1CF3F51392786EC');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of Mastadon bones at the Michigan History Center.">Photo of Mastadon bones at the Michigan History Center. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Fossil</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 2002, the MASTODON (Mammut americanum) became the state fossil. Fossils of the prehistoric mammal have been found in more than 250 locations in the state.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Game-Mammal.jpg?mw=768&rev=bad3cc3a5fad492abc649723c165c6b7&hash=ECA744413C1624CDC8871112279AEB90');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of white tail deer in a field.">Photo of white tail deer in a field. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Game Mammal</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1997, the WHITE-TAILED DEER (Odocoileus virginianus) was designated the state game mammal after the successful lobbying efforts of a group of Zeeland fourth graders. Found in every Michigan county, the white-tailed deer is an important natural and economic resource.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Gem.png?mw=768&rev=7d674145432e42fc89d26a08dcfc8d71&hash=E3D500B3AE565CB5AB28C4ED18DDB6D3');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="State Gem">State Gem </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Gem</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1972, CHLORASTROLITE (literally “green star stone”) was adopted as the state gem. Known as the Isle Royale greenstone, Chlorastrolite ranges in color from yellowgreen to almost black. It is primarily found in the Upper Peninsula.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Native-Grain.jpg?mw=768&rev=a7750f3589964d74a5c41c11a8b9f1fd&hash=2A4DA87827622A8286776C1A81D6CC39');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Seeding wild rice, part of the Wild Rice Initiative restoration outreach and education efforts at the 2019 Wild Rice Camp, Alberta, MI. Photo credit: Todd Marsee, Michigan Sea Grant.">Seeding wild rice, part of the Wild Rice Initiative restoration outreach and education efforts at the 2019 Wild Rice Camp, Alberta, MI. Photo credit: Todd Marsee, Michigan Sea Grant. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Native Grain</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 2023, Manoomin (Zizania palustris and Zizania aquatica), also known as Michigan wild rice, was designated as the official native grain of Michigan. Manoomin is a sacred and important component to many wetlands and a cultural significance to the indigenous people of the state. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Reptile.jpg?mw=768&rev=bdfe42c279aa4794907aee5ceb2e0731&hash=DFEE5EBBFB297A6DE8E16E71D19CF6AA');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of a painted turtle, the state reptile.">Photo of a painted turtle, the state reptile. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Reptile</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1995, the PAINTED TURTLE (Chysemys picta) was chosen as the state reptile after a group of Niles fifth graders discovered that Michigan did not have a state reptile.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Sand.jfif?mw=768&rev=4dfea40023b040c98c438759ec020863&hash=1C173151B210808DE2BFFFBF7BBBD676');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of state sand.">Photo of state sand. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Soil</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1990, KALKASKA SAND was chosen as the state soil. First identified as a soil type in 1927, Kalkaska sand ranges in color from black to yellowish brown. It is one of more than 500 soils found in the state. Unique to Michigan, Kalkaska sand covers nearly a million acres in 29 Upper and Lower Peninsula counties.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Stone.jfif?mw=768&rev=793c1403bda245e8bc939cc7789d6f81&hash=ACD5B16F98821BDA4DF845F1E3182584');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of a Petoskey Stone, courtesy of Petoskey Area Visitors Bureau.">Photo of a Petoskey Stone, courtesy of Petoskey Area Visitors Bureau. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Stone</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1965, the PETOSKEY STONE (Hexagonaria percarinata) was adopted as the state stone. The Petoskey stone is fossilized coral that existed in the northern Lower Peninsula about 350 million years ago.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Tree.jpg?mw=768&rev=a894df31fd31406692f1815f0d8d9cef&hash=EBE7A512C1AB6E672C57D83D760BFF47');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of Eastern White Pine. Close up of needle and cone.">Photo of Eastern White Pine. Close up of needle and cone. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Tree</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1955, the towering WHITE PINE (Pinus strobus) was designated the state tree. It was chosen as a symbol of one of Michigan’s greatest industries. From 1870 to the early 1900s, Michigan led the nation in lumber production.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper "> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img " style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/SOM-Facts-and-Symbols/State-Willdflower.jpg?mw=768&rev=879c11cf01e34055b2198af1569939ab&hash=563407B08915CF49B738445805796514');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Photo of Dwarf lake iris. Iris lacustris has a sky blue to deep blue to violet flower. The spreading sepals have a white signal bordered by a deep purple color. The inflorescence is one- to rarely two-flowered. The stiff upright leaves arise from narrow, creeping rhizomes that have an enlarged terminus with fibrous roots.">Photo of Dwarf lake iris. Iris lacustris has a sky blue to deep blue to violet flower. The spreading sepals have a white signal bordered by a deep purple color. The inflorescence is one- to rarely two-flowered. The stiff upright leaves arise from narrow, creeping rhizomes that have an enlarged terminus with fibrous roots. </span> </div> </div> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content"> <h3>State Wildflower</h3> <div class="rte-content">In 1998, the DWARF LAKE IRIS (Iris lacustris) was designated as the state wildflower. Native to the state, the endangered flower grows along the northern shorelines of Lakes Michigan and Huron. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content component__section feature-item-component__section feature-item-component__section-video feature-item-component__section-video-right"> <div class="component-content"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content vertically-align"> <h2>My Michigan</h2> <div class="rte-content">My Michigan is the title of the state’s official state anthem. It was written by Giles Kavanagh (lyrics) and H. Clint O’Reilly (music) in 1933 and was published by Clint’s own music publishing company in Detroit. The Michigan Legislature formally adopted the anthem as the state’s official song on May 21, 1937, by concurrent resolution.<br /></div> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Michigan" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="view-link">History on the Adoption of My Michigan<span class="call-to-action-chevron"><svg height="12px" width="12px" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 7 12"><path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M5.569 5.994L0 .726.687 0l6.336 5.994-6.335 6.002L0 11.27z"/></path></svg></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 offset-md-1 order-md-last order-first"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-video-item"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Song performed by Jeff Daniels. Produced by Randall Lee, RK Studios, LLC, Chelsea, MI."> Song performed by Jeff Daniels. Produced by Randall Lee, RK Studios, LLC, Chelsea, MI. </span> <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FUtO91e3Apo?rel=0" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content component__section feature-item-component__section feature-item-component__section-image feature-item-component__section-image-left"> <div class="component-content"> <div class="com-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <a class="img-link" href="https://michigan.access.preservica.com/" target="" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img__wrapper"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-img" style="background-image:url('/som/-/media/Project/Websites/SOM/Images/About-Michigan/Archives-Collections.jpg?mw=768&rev=e4d5ddb9f3084b69999b3f17ca9fcb24&hash=293D87EB3CD9701F619ED15FBB5653D7');"> <span class="sr-only background-image" role="img" aria-label="Two people unrolling a large historical map on a table.">Two people unrolling a large historical map on a table.</span> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-5 offset-md-1"> <div class="feature-item-component__section-content vertically-align"> <h2>Archives of Michigan</h2> <div class="rte-content">The online collection at Michiganology includes Archives of Michigan research guides and indexes, as well as access to more than three million state and local government records and private manuscripts, maps, and photographs.</div> <a href="https://michigan.access.preservica.com/" target="" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="view-link">Online Archive Collections<span class="call-to-action-chevron"><svg height="12px" width="12px" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 7 12"><path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M5.569 5.994L0 .726.687 0l6.336 5.994-6.335 6.002L0 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