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data-selectors-minimum="0" data-container="div.field--name-field-sections &gt; div.field__item &gt; div.paragraph" data-prefix="toc" data-list-type="ul" data-list-classes="" data-li-classes="" data-heading-classes="" data-skip-invisible-headings="0" data-use-heading-html="0" data-collapsible-items="0" data-collapsible-expanded="1" data-back-to-top="1" data-back-to-top-label="Back to top" data-back-to-top-selector="" data-heading-focus="0" data-back-to-toc="0" data-back-to-toc-label="Back to table of contents" data-back-to-toc-classes="visually-hidden-focusable" data-smooth-scrolling="1" data-scroll-to-offset="100" data-highlight-on-scroll="1" data-highlight-offset="100" data-sticky="0" data-sticky-offset="0" data-toc-container="" data-ajax-page-updates="0" data-observable-selector=""> <nav role="navigation" aria-label="Table of Contents"></nav> </div> </details> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-general"> <div class="main-region"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodepagefield-intro-paragraph"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-intro-paragraph field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Phasing out fossil fuels is crucial for preventing severe climate impacts, saving lives, and avoiding billions in damages.</p></div> </div> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodepagebody"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The United States uses a phenomenal amount of oil—with significant costs to our health, climate, and economy.</p> <p>Every day, the United States burns through roughly <a href="https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=33&t=6">20 million barrels</a> of gasoline, diesel, and other oil-based fuels—enough to fill more than a 1,200 Olympic-sized swimming pools.</p> <p>More than two-thirds of this oil powers our cars, trucks, buses, planes, trains and ships, but it comes at a cost. In the US, transportation is now the largest source of heat-trapping emissions, surpassing the electricity sector, and is heavily linked with serious illness and increased mortality, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and people with pre-existing health conditions.</p> <p>To meet our climate targets —and to transition into a cleaner, healthier way of moving people around—UCS has estimated that the US needs to cut the use of gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel made from petroleum by half in 2035, and by 85 percent in 2050.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-section"> <div class="main-region"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodepagefield-sections"> <div class="field field--name-field-sections field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--media-section paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-embed-code field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><video src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/UCS_Videos/animation-of-us-daily-oil-use.mp4" autoplay muted loop style="display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto;"></video></div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-toc-entry field--type-string field--label-hidden hidden field__item">Air pollution</div> <h2 class="section-header">Air pollution and human health</h2> <div class="field field--name-field-callout field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--node-callout paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-related-content field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="node node--type-resource node--view-mode-teaser"> <a href="/resources/cars-trucks-buses-and-air-pollution" class="img-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-resource-type field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Explainer</div> <div class="field field--name-field-thumbnail-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-standard-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/2023-09/traffic-in-atlanta-georgia.jpg?itok=8-iCG4sH" width="500" height="300" alt="Traffic in Atlanta, GA" class="image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </a> <h3 > <a href="/resources/cars-trucks-buses-and-air-pollution"> Cars, Trucks, Buses and Air Pollution </a> </h3> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Transportation is a major source of air pollution and the emissions that contribute to climate change in the United States.</div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Nearly one in three of people living in the US—an estimated 120 million—are exposed to <a href="https://www.lung.org/research/sota/key-findings">unhealthy levels of air pollution</a>. Much of that pollution comes from cars, trucks and buses, which release particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and other toxic emissions.</p> <p>The health risks of air pollution are extremely serious. Poor air quality increases respiratory ailments like asthma and bronchitis, and increases the risk of death from cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, as well as cancer. It increases infant mortality, damages the nervous system the brain, and there is growing evidence that it contributes to psychiatric disorders and diabetes. Particulate matter is single-handedly responsible for up to <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/07/190723142937.htm">30,000 premature deaths</a> each year.</p> <p>These impacts all carry substantial medical costs, both for individuals and the health care system. Phasing out petroleum in the United States is a key strategy to reduce them.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--media-section paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-full"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/original/public/2024-02/epa-graphic.jpg?itok=wkQ_-d2d" width="3125" height="1875" alt="pie chart showing the breakdown of 2021 greenhouse gas emissions by economic sector" class="image-style-original" /> </div> <figcaption> <div class="field field--name-field-caption field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">The US transportation sector produces nearly thirty percent of all US global warming emissions, more than any other sector. Source: EPA</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-toc-entry field--type-string field--label-hidden hidden field__item">Global warming</div> <h2 class="section-header">Vehicles and global warming</h2> <div class="field field--name-field-callout field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--node-callout paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-related-content field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="node node--type-offsite-resource node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser"> <a href="/node/15267" class="img-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-resource-label field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Position statement</div> <div class="field field--name-field-thumbnail-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-standard-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/2023-11/wind-turbine-being-constructed.jpg?itok=00MgiaJx" width="500" height="300" alt="A wind turbine being erected with workers" class="image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </a> <h3 > <a href="/node/15267"> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">The UCS Position on a Fossil Fuel Phaseout</span> </a> </h3> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">We support a fast and fair phaseout of fossil fuels around the world.</div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The US transportation sector—which includes cars, trucks, buses, aircraft, trains, ships and boats—produces nearly <a href="https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/sources.html">thirty percent</a> of all US global warming emissions, more than any other sector. Cars and trucks account for nearly <a href="https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/fast-facts-transportation-greenhouse-gas-emissions">one-quarter of US emissions</a>, emitting around 500 kg of carbon dioxide and other global-warming gases for every barrel of oil (42 gallons). About 130 kg comes from the extraction, production, and delivery of the fuel, while the great bulk of heat-trapping emissions—370 kg per barrel of oil—comes right out of a car’s tailpipe.</p> <p>To effectively battle climate change, the United States must phase out its use of petroleum-based transportation fuels by switching to electric vehicles powered with renewable energy.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-toc-entry field--type-string field--label-hidden hidden field__item">Drilling and fracking</div> <h2 class="section-header">Drilling and fracking</h2> <div class="field field--name-field-callout field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--node-callout paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-related-content field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="node node--type-resource node--view-mode-teaser"> <a href="/resources/all-about-oil" class="img-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-resource-type field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Explainer</div> <div class="field field--name-field-thumbnail-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-standard-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/vehicles-m-all-about-oil-pumps.jpg?itok=Rx6ACAcT" width="500" height="300" alt="Oil pumps." class="image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </a> <h3 > <a href="/resources/all-about-oil"> All About Oil </a> </h3> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Oil is changing—and its impacts are becoming more severe.</div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Turning oil into fuel is a complex process, with environmental and human impacts at every stage. Oil is extracted by drilling, fracking, or mining. Drilling is closely associated with oil spills and accidents, like the <a href="http://blog.ucsusa.org/as-earth-day-approaches-nighttime-images-of-the-gulf-of-mexico-recall-the-deepwater-horizon-disaster">2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster</a>, while <a href="https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/fracking-science-policy-and-people">fracking</a> is linked with toxic water and air pollution, methane leaks, and earthquakes.</p> <p>Once extracted, crude oil is transported via pipelines, barges, tankers, trains, and trucks to processing facilities where it's refined into fuels and other petroleum products. Oil spills during transportation are <a href="http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/home">increasingly common</a> and difficult to clean up, while refining the oil can be very energy intensive.</p> <p>If we are going to mitigate the worst effects of climate change and provide needed relief to communities who are <a href="https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/inequitable-exposure-air-pollution-vehicles-california-2019">inequitably burdened</a> by the production and use of oil, we need a <a href="https://www.ucsusa.org/ucs-fossil-fuel-phaseout">fast and fair phaseout</a>.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-toc-entry field--type-string field--label-hidden hidden field__item">Disinformation</div> <h2 class="section-header">Disinformation</h2> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>More than 30 years ago, scientists at ExxonMobil and other oil and gas companies considered how climate change should factor into decisions about new fossil fuel extraction. Their concerns echoed the latest science of the time, which showed an increasing link between fossil fuels and global warming.</p> <p>Instead of acting, the industry engaged in a three-decades-long campaign against climate action. Its <a href="https://blog.ucsusa.org/kathy-mulvey/congress-releases-new-evidence-of-big-oil-climate-disinformation/">tactics</a> included everything from counterfeit science, to the harassment of scientists, to manufactured uncertainty with no scientific basis.</p> <p>Today, many oil companies and trade associations continue to spread disinformation and obstruct climate policies. All of them are aware of the role their products play in climate impacts.</p> <p>To effectively combat climate change, and reduce the harmful consequences of oil use, we need to mitigate the political power of oil companies. <a href="https://www.ucsusa.org/take-action/transforming-transportation">You can help</a>.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-section"> <div class="main-region"> <div class="block block-block-content block-block-contentfe20625a-20bb-44d8-841f-def5c94e1de8"> <script> var blogSourceUrl = 'https://blog.ucsusa.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/?per_page=3'; </script> <aside class="related-blog-posts"></aside> </div> <div class="views-element-container block block-views block-views-blockrelated-resources-block-1"> <h2>Related resources</h2> <div><div class="view view-related-resources view-id-related_resources view-display-id-block_1 js-view-dom-id-553dc0344de265272643cb603c0b35d14ef208d8c3aedfc32d0d1455ea53b830"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row"><article class="node node--type-resource node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser"> <a href="/resources/scientific-society-sign-letter" class="img-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-resource-type field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Activist Resource</div> <div class="field field--name-field-thumbnail-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-standard-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/2025-03/1500-900-scientists-clipboard-getty.jpg?itok=w1YP6DDG" width="500" height="300" alt="Two scientists looking over a clipboard. 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