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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Principal_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principal_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Principal organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principal_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Management_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Management_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Management organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Management_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trademark_service_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trademark_service_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Trademark service organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trademark_service_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_trusts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_trusts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Financial trusts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_trusts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_service_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_service_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Financial service organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_service_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publishing_houses_and_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publishing_houses_and_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Publishing houses and media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publishing_houses_and_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secular_and_social_management_entities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secular_and_social_management_entities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Secular and social management entities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secular_and_social_management_entities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Service_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Service organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Membership organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Membership_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_term_"Church_of_Scientology"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_term_"Church_of_Scientology""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>The term "Church of Scientology"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_term_"Church_of_Scientology"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Founding_Church_of_Scientology,_Washington,_D.C." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding_Church_of_Scientology,_Washington,_D.C."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Founding Church of Scientology, Washington, D.C.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding_Church_of_Scientology,_Washington,_D.C.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Scientology" title="Category:Scientology">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="PAC Base, Los Angeles"><img alt="PAC Base, Los Angeles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Church_of_Scientology_building_in_Los_Angeles%2C_Fountain_Avenue.jpg/110px-Church_of_Scientology_building_in_Los_Angeles%2C_Fountain_Avenue.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Church_of_Scientology_building_in_Los_Angeles%2C_Fountain_Avenue.jpg/165px-Church_of_Scientology_building_in_Los_Angeles%2C_Fountain_Avenue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Church_of_Scientology_building_in_Los_Angeles%2C_Fountain_Avenue.jpg/220px-Church_of_Scientology_building_in_Los_Angeles%2C_Fountain_Avenue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="714" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#CEE0F2; color:black;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>General</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianetics" title="Dianetics">Dianetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Scientology" title="Timeline of Scientology">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dianetics_and_Scientology" title="History of Dianetics and Scientology">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Scientology" title="Bibliography of Scientology">Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Scientology" title="Glossary of Scientology">Glossary</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#CEE0F2; color:black;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_beliefs_and_practices" title="Scientology beliefs and practices">Beliefs and practices</a></li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thetan" title="Thetan">Thetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auditing_(Scientology)" title="Auditing (Scientology)">Auditing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_to_Total_Freedom" title="The Bridge to Total Freedom">Bridge to Total Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating_Thetan" title="Operating Thetan">OT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenu" title="Xenu">Xenu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_ethics_and_justice" title="Scientology ethics and justice">Ethics and justice</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#CEE0F2; color:black;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a></li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_officials" title="Scientology officials">Officials and staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Org" title="Sea Org">Sea Org</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Miscavige" title="David Miscavige">David Miscavige</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#CEE0F2; color:black;"> <a href="/wiki/Scientology_controversies" title="Scientology controversies">Controversies</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_law" title="Scientology and law">Litigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_status_by_country" title="Scientology status by country">Status by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suppressive_person" title="Suppressive person">Suppressive person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disconnection_(Scientology)" title="Disconnection (Scientology)">Disconnection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_game_(Scientology)" title="Fair game (Scientology)">Fair game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_Project_Force" title="Rehabilitation Project Force">RPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hole_(Scientology)" title="The Hole (Scientology)">The Hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Special_Affairs" title="Office of Special Affairs">Office of Special Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Guardian%27s_Office_operations" title="List of Guardian's Office operations">Guardian's Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_psychiatry" title="Scientology and psychiatry">War on psychiatry</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <a href="/wiki/Category:Scientology" title="Category:Scientology">More</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The worldwide network of <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a> organizations consists of numerous <a href="/wiki/Legal_entity" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal entity">entities</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corporation" title="Corporation">corporations</a>, located in the United States as well as in other countries. All these organizations are interrelated and connected through an internal hierarchy called the "Command Channels of Scientology".<sup id="cite_ref-commandchannels_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commandchannels-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the top are <a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center" title="Religious Technology Center">Religious Technology Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Spiritual_Technology" title="Church of Spiritual Technology">Church of Spiritual Technology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_International" title="Church of Scientology International">Church of Scientology International</a>, who own and license the <a href="/wiki/List_of_trademarks_owned_by_the_Church_of_Scientology_and_its_affiliates" title="List of trademarks owned by the Church of Scientology and its affiliates">Scientology trademarks and service marks</a> to the other organizations within the network. These management organizations are staffed solely by <a href="/wiki/Sea_Org" title="Sea Org">Sea Org</a> personnel. </p><p>Within the upper Church management echelon are several corporations with specific functions of publication, distribution, administration, and finances. Examples are the Scientology-owned publishing house <a href="/wiki/Bridge_Publications_(Scientology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridge Publications (Scientology)">Bridge Publications</a>, and <a href="/wiki/World_Institute_of_Scientology_Enterprises" title="World Institute of Scientology Enterprises">World Institute of Scientology Enterprises</a> which promotes and sells Scientology "<a href="/wiki/Secular" class="mw-redirect" title="Secular">secular</a>" services to businesses and entrepreneurs. </p><p>Below the Scientology management levels are <a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a> service organizations ("Churches"), which deliver Scientology services to its members, and so-called secular organizations which seek to introduce <a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a>'s "Scientology Technology" into various sectors of society such as <a href="/wiki/Citizens_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Citizens Commission on Human Rights">Citizens Commission on Human Rights</a>, an organization that seeks to abolish any form of psychiatry. Below these levels are volunteer organizations run by Scientologists such as local chapters of <a href="/wiki/The_Way_to_Happiness" title="The Way to Happiness">The Way to Happiness</a> campaign, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clear_Expansion_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clear Expansion Committee (page does not exist)">Clear Expansion Committees</a> which have as their goal the <a href="/wiki/Clear_(Scientology)" title="Clear (Scientology)">clearing</a> of their local communities and helping to establish a Scientology world. </p><p>In a response to questions by the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a> (IRS) with regards to its application for <a href="/wiki/Tax_exempt_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax exempt status">tax exempt status</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_International" title="Church of Scientology International">Church of Scientology International</a> provided to the IRS a list of Scientology corporations and entities, categorized by their functions and activities.<sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:300px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <dl><dt>Key</dt></dl> <p><b>†</b> is used to indicate organizations that are known to no longer be in operation </p> </blockquote> </div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principal_organizations">Principal organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Principal organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a> (COS) — overarching term for the <a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)" title="Conglomerate (company)">conglomerate</a> of interrelated Scientology organizations; not a <a href="/wiki/Corporate_entity" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate entity">corporate entity</a> itself. (See <a href="#COS">§ The term "Church of Scientology"</a> below)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center" title="Religious Technology Center">Religious Technology Center</a> (RTC) — owns the religious marks and licenses them to other organizations <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 19">: 19 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Spiritual_Technology" title="Church of Spiritual Technology">Church of Spiritual Technology</a> (CST) — beneficiary of most of L. Ron Hubbard's estate; backup owner of religious marks to RTC; operates programs to preserve the scriptures for the future <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 20ff">: 20ff </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_International" title="Church of Scientology International">Church of Scientology International</a> (CSI) — the mother church; incorporated in 1981 <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 14">: 14 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Scientology of California">Church of Scientology of California</a> (CSC) — was the senior management organization in the United States;<sup id="cite_ref-hubbard-admindict_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hubbard-admindict-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 78">: 78 </span></sup> replaced by Church of Scientology International to hide assets after <a href="/wiki/Wollersheim_v._Church_of_Scientology" class="mw-redirect" title="Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology">Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> terminated 2004 <sup id="cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Management_organizations">Management organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Management organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Org" title="Sea Org">Sea Org</a> (SO) — an unincorporated managerial and fraternal organization, with membership extending across a range of other branches and entities <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 93ff">: 93ff </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore%27s_Messenger_Organization" title="Commodore's Messenger Organization">Commodore's Messenger Organization</a> <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 25">: 25 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watchdog_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Watchdog Committee">Watchdog Committee</a> (WDC) — monitor the other management bodies <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 25">: 25 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Senior Executive Strata <sup id="cite_ref-commandchannels_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commandchannels-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 13">: 13 </span></sup></li> <li>Flag Bureaux — middle management <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 26">: 26 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-commandchannels_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commandchannels-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 18">: 18 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celebrity_Centre" title="Celebrity Centre">Celebrity Centre International</a> (CC INT) — a service organization as well as the management organization for the Celebrity Centre network <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 47">: 47 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_Missions_International" title="Scientology Missions International">Scientology Missions International</a> (SMI) — auxiliary to CSI; acts as mother church to missions <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 37">: 37 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>International Hubbard Ecclesiastical League of Pastors (IHELP) — auxiliary to CSI; acts as mother church to field ministers <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 37">: 37 </span></sup></li> <li>International Management Executive Committee (IMEC) — responsible for the performance of the Church in its various activities and functions <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 25">: 25 </span></sup></li> <li>Continental Liaison Office (CLO) — liaison between CSI and lower Churches of Scientology <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 34">: 34 </span></sup></li> <li>† Executive Council Worldwide (ECWW) — UK predecessor to Flag Bureaux <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 94">: 94 </span></sup></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Hubbard_Association_of_Scientologists_International" title="Hubbard Association of Scientologists International">Hubbard Association of Scientologists International</a> (HASI) — formed 1954 as a "religious fellowship", acting as the Mother Church over all the new franchised "churches" of Scientology (formerly "secular" centers).<sup id="cite_ref-reitman_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reitman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 4">: 4 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 66, 88">: 66, 88 </span></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trademark_service_organizations">Trademark service organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Trademark service organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Inspector General Network (IGN) — auxiliary to RTC for licensing the religious marks in certain countries <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 23, 106ff">: 23, 106ff </span></sup> <ul><li>IGN International AB</li> <li>Dianetics Centers International (DCI)</li> <li>Dianetics Foundation International (DFI)</li></ul></li> <li>Hubbard Dianetics Foundation (HDF) — disseminating <a href="/wiki/Dianetics" title="Dianetics">Dianetics</a>; auxiliary to CSI <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 108">: 108 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Institute_of_Scientology_Enterprises" title="World Institute of Scientology Enterprises">WISE, Inc.</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Financial_trusts">Financial trusts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Financial trusts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Author's Family Trust <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Mr. Hubbard's Trust — receiver of book and patent royalties; continues to copyright books under the fictitious name "<a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="L. Ron Hubbard Library">L. Ron Hubbard Library</a>" <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 54, Bates 150131">: 54, Bates 150131 </span></sup></li> <li>Church of Scientology Religious Trust (CSRT) — Under International Sea Org Reserves Trust.<sup id="cite_ref-csrt_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csrt-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1981 to 1985 held reserve funds for USA Scientology entities. <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 103/Bates150180">: 103/Bates150180 </span></sup> In 1992 CSRT launched the Super Power Expansion Project to fund and construct the <a href="/wiki/Flag_Building" title="Flag Building">Flag Building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-csrt_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csrt-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Scientology International Reserves Trust (SIRT) — since 1988 holds reserve funds for foreign Scientology entities <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 116">: 116 </span></sup></li> <li>United States Parishioners Trust (USPT) — held advance contributions for <a href="#CSWUS">CSWUS</a> and <a href="#CSFSO">CSFSO</a> services; ordered to be dissolved as part of the <a href="/wiki/Scientology_1993_IRS_closing_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientology 1993 IRS closing agreement">Scientology 1993 IRS closing agreement</a> <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: Bates 150176">: Bates 150176 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Trust for Scientologists (TFS) — holds advance contributions to <a href="#CSFSO">CSFSO</a> from foreign individuals <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 112">: 112 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freewinds#Flag_Ship_Trust" title="Freewinds">Flag Ship Trust</a> (FST) — formed in 1985 as a donation repository for the purchase of the ship <i><a href="/wiki/Freewinds" title="Freewinds">Freewinds</a></i>; then used as a repository for Scientology central reserve accounts; owns the following entities: <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 57ff">: 57ff </span></sup> <ul><li>San Donato Properties, S .A. — owns the ship</li> <li>Transcorp Services S. A. — financed the purchase of the ship</li> <li>Majestic Cruise Lines — operates the ship</li> <li>FSS Organization — for paying taxes in the Netherlands Antilles</li> <li>MCL Services — provides shore support in Curacao</li></ul></li> <li>† Church of Scientology Freewinds Relay Office, Inc. (CSFRO) — was the registrar (sales) for FSSO/Freewinds services; now run by FSSO <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 58–59">: 58–59 </span></sup></li> <li>† International Publications Trust (IPT) — was sole stockholder of Bridge and New Era <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 69">: 69 </span></sup> <ul><li>† Publications Int Limited (PIL) — was an intermediary corporation between IPT and New Era; dissolved 1992 <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 69">: 69 </span></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Building Management Services (BMS) — holder of real estate for CSI <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 99">: 99 </span></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Financial_service_organizations">Financial service organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Financial service organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>SOR Services Ltd. — administers TFS affairs; wholly-owned by SIRT <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 113">: 113 </span></sup></li> <li>Nesta Investments Ltd.</li> <li>FSO Oklahoma Investments Corporation (FSOOIC) — wholly-owned subsidiary of <a href="#CSFSO">CSFSO</a>; CSFSO made investments through FSOOIC <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 55">: 55 </span></sup></li> <li>† Theta Management Ltd. (TML) — was part of the creation of the <a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Scientologists" title="International Association of Scientologists">IAS</a>. It was dissolved in 1993 and funds transferred to IASA.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publishing_houses_and_media">Publishing houses and media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Publishing houses and media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology#Publishing_and_media_organizations" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology § Publishing and media organizations</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Publications_(Scientology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridge Publications (Scientology)">Bridge Publications Inc.</a> (BPI, Bridge) — publishes books and print material for the USA and Canada; previously owned by IPT <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 60, 63">: 60, 63 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Press" title="Galaxy Press">Galaxy Press</a> — publishes fiction works of L. Ron Hubbard<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Author Services, Inc. (ASI) was established in 1981 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of CST to supervise the use of Hubbard's literary properties <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 68">: 68 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 1999 Galaxy Productions, Inc. (est. 1982) was merged into Author Services, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Galaxy Press, LLC was established in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In January 2015 Author Services, Inc. was merged into Galaxy Press, LLC.<sup id="cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In February 2015 Galaxy Press, LLC was converted into Galaxy Press, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Era_Productions" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Era Productions">Golden Era Productions</a> (Gold) — produces audio recordings, motion pictures and <a href="/wiki/E-meter" title="E-meter">E-meters</a> <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 60ff">: 60ff </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Era_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="New Era Publications">New Era Publications International, ApS</a> (New Era) — publishes books and print material for all non-USA/non-Canada locations; previously owned by IPT <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 60, 63">: 60, 63 </span></sup> New Era subsidiaries include:<sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 72">: 72 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>New Era Publications UK, Ltd. (United Kingdom)</li> <li>New Era Publications Italia, s.r.l (Italy)</li> <li>New Era Publications Deutschland, GmbH (Germany)</li> <li>New Era Publications France</li> <li>SARL New Era Publications Japan, Inc.</li> <li>New Era Publications Espana S.A. (Spain)</li> <li>New Era Publications Australia Pty. Ltd.</li> <li>New Era Publications Group (Russia)</li> <li>Era Dinamica Editores s.A. de C. V. (Mexico)</li> <li>Importaciones y Exportaciones Nueva Civilizacion S.A. de C.V. (Mexico)</li> <li>Continental Publications (Pty) Ltd. (South Africa)</li> <li>New Era Publications Israel</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology#Pubs_org" title="Church of Scientology">Scientology Publications Ltd.</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology#Scientology_Media_Productions_and_Scientology_Network" title="Church of Scientology">Scientology Media Productions and Scientology Network</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Distribution_Center_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Distribution Center Inc.">Distribution Center Inc.</a> — 1960s organization that sold books, booklets, and <a href="/wiki/E-meter" title="E-meter">E-meters</a>; associated with Founding Church of Scientology</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Secular_and_social_management_entities">Secular and social management entities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Secular and social management entities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology#Dissemination_organizations" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology § Dissemination organizations</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Better_Living_and_Education" title="Association for Better Living and Education">Association for Better Living and Education</a> (ABLE) — manages the social betterment programs <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 77">: 77 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narconon" title="Narconon">Narconon</a> International — drug rehabilitation program formed in 1970 <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 76, 81">: 76, 81 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applied_Scholastics" title="Applied Scholastics">Applied Scholastics</a> (APS) — educational program <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 76">: 76 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminon" title="Criminon">Criminon</a> International — criminal rehabilitation program <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 76">: 76 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Way_to_Happiness" title="The Way to Happiness">The Way to Happiness</a> Foundation International (TWTH) — public morality program <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 76">: 76 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Betterment_Properties_International" title="Social Betterment Properties International">Social Betterment Properties International</a> (SBPI) — real estate management corporation for ABLE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Citizens Commission on Human Rights">Citizens Commission on Human Rights</a> (CCHR) — dedicated to eradicating psychiatry <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 87">: 87 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>National Commission on Law Enforcement and Social Justice (NCLE) — exposing abuses of human rights in law enforcement and other government agencies <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 88">: 88 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Religious_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation for Religious Freedom">Foundation for Religious Freedom</a> — safeguarding religious freedom <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 89">: 89 </span></sup> (see also <a href="/wiki/New_Cult_Awareness_Network" title="New Cult Awareness Network">New Cult Awareness Network</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Institute_of_Scientology_Enterprises" title="World Institute of Scientology Enterprises">World Institute of Scientology Enterprises</a> (WISE) — membership organization for Scientology businesspeople and professionals <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 100">: 100 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Charter committees — subset of WISE; locally deals with civil disputes amongst Scientologists <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 102">: 102 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubbard_College_of_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubbard College of Administration">Hubbard College of Administration</a> (HCA) — teaches Hubbard's administration techniques <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 104ff">: 104ff </span></sup></li></ul></li> <li>† Scientology Defense Fund Trust (SDFT) — was for defending Scientologists; dormant <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 91">: 91 </span></sup></li> <li>† Social Coordination Bureau of the Guardian's Office (SoCo) — predecessor to ABLE <sup id="cite_ref-atack_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atack-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 391">: 391 </span></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Service_organizations">Service organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Service organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="anchor" id="CSFSO"></span><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_Flag_Service_Organization" title="Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization">Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization</a> (CSFSO, FSO) — ministers the highest levels of auditor training through Class XII and auditing through <a href="/wiki/Operating_Thetan#OTVII" title="Operating Thetan">New OT VII</a> <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 52ff">: 52ff </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Ship_Service_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag Ship Service Organization">Church of Scientology Flag Ship Service Organization</a> (CSFSSO, FSSO) — ministers the highest level of Scientology auditing, <a href="/wiki/Operating_Thetan#OTVIII" title="Operating Thetan">New OT VIII</a> <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 55ff">: 55ff </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="CSWUS"></span><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_Western_United_States" title="Church of Scientology Western United States">Church of Scientology Western United States</a> (CSWUS, COSWUS) — combines 6 organizations: <a href="#ASHO">ASHO</a>, <a href="#AOLA">AOLA</a>, Continental Liaison Office West U.S. (CLO WUS), Commodore's Messenger Organization Pacific (CMO PAC), Pacific Base Crew (PBC), and Church of Scientology of San Diego. <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 50–51">: 50–51 </span></sup></li> <li>Saint Hill organizations (SH) — offer the training called the Saint Hill Special Briefing Course <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 49">: 49 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><span class="anchor" id="ASHO"></span>American Saint Hill Organization (ASHO) — Los Angeles, California (part of <a href="#CSWUS">CSWUS</a>) <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 50">: 50 </span></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Advanced organizations (AO) — offer advanced auditing <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 50">: 50 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><span class="anchor" id="AOLA"></span>Advanced Organization of Los Angeles (AOLA) — Los Angeles, California (part of <a href="#CSWUS">CSWUS</a>) <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 50">: 50 </span></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Combination Advanced and Saint Hill: <ul><li>Church of Scientology Religious Education College, Inc. (COSRECI) — in UK <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 50">: 50 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban131_3-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Church of Scientology Advanced organization Saint Hill Europe and Africa (AOSHEU) — in Denmark <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 50">: 50 </span></sup></li> <li>Church of Scientology, Inc. — in Australia <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 50">: 50 </span></sup></li></ul></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Hubbard_Association_of_Scientologists" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubbard Association of Scientologists">Hubbard Association of Scientologists</a> (HAS) — formed 1952 as a <i>secular</i> training facility, book publisher, and seller of e-meters<sup id="cite_ref-reitman_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reitman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 40">: 40 </span></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership_organizations">Membership organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Membership organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Scientologists" title="International Association of Scientologists">International Association of Scientologists</a> (IAS) — unincorporated religious membership association <sup id="cite_ref-irsapplic_2-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 98">: 98 </span></sup></li> <li>International Association of Scientologists Administrations, N.V. (IASA)</li> <li>Membership Services Administrations (UK) Ltd. (MSA)</li> <li>US IAS Members' Trust</li></ul> <p><span class="anchor" id="COS"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_term_"Church_of_Scientology""><span id="The_term_.22Church_of_Scientology.22"></span>The term "Church of Scientology"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: The term "Church of Scientology""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The "Church of Scientology" is a term commonly used as an overarching label for the conglomerate of interrelated Scientology corporations.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no <a href="/wiki/Corporate_entity" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate entity">corporate entity</a> named "Church of Scientology". In the 1950s, there <i>were</i> two short-lived organizations by that name: </p> <ul><li><i>The Church of Scientology</i> was incorporated in New Jersey on December 22, 1953 along with <i>The Church of American Science</i>, and <i>The Church of Spiritual Engineering</i> on January 18, 1954. These three entities came under <a href="/wiki/Hubbard_Association_of_Scientologists_International" title="Hubbard Association of Scientologists International">Hubbard Association of Scientologists International</a> (HASI). All four entities have long been terminated.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 65, 158–9, 218">: 65, 158–9, 218 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reitman_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reitman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 44">: 44 </span></sup></li> <li><i>Church of Scientology</i> was incorporated in California on February 18, 1954. Two years later it was officially renamed to <i>Church of Scientology of California</i> on June 19, 1956. That corporation was restated in August 1982, dissolved on December 30, 2002, and terminated with the California Secretary of State on November 18, 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-urban_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 159, 218">: 159, 218 </span></sup></li></ul> <p>According to the Church of Scientology International in a response to the IRS in 1991:<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Technically, there is no single entity known as the "Church of Scientology", but for convenience, we sometimes refer to the Scientology international ecclesiastical hierarchy of churches — including ecclesiastical support and related social betterment organizations — as the "Church of Scientology" or the "Church".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In a 1992 legal case between Scientology and the IRS, this list was compiled: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>After the church was "simplified" [in the 1980s], the record suggests that at least <b>the following organizations constitute the church of Scientology</b>: <a href="#FCDC">Founding Church of Scientology</a>; <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_International" title="Church of Scientology International">Church of Scientology International</a>; <a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center" title="Religious Technology Center">Religious Technology Center</a> [including the Authorization, Verification and Correction Unit]; <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Spiritual_Technology" title="Church of Spiritual Technology">Church of Spiritual Technology</a>; 129 Missions of Scientology, governed by <a href="/wiki/Scientology_Missions_International" title="Scientology Missions International">Scientology Missions International</a>; <a href="/wiki/Celebrity_Centre" title="Celebrity Centre">Church of Scientology Celebrity Centre International</a>; 141 <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology#Class_IV_org" title="Church of Scientology">Class IV churches</a> [local organizations such as the Church of Scientology of Portland or the Church of Scientology of San Francisco]; Continental Liaison Offices [known as CLOs]; <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology#Saint_Hill_orgs" title="Church of Scientology">Saint Hill Organizations</a>; <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_Flag_Service_Organization" title="Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization">Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization</a>; <a href="/wiki/Flag_Land_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag Land Base">Flag Land Base</a>; Flag Estates Org; Flag Command Bureaux [including Compilations Unit, LRH Artist, International Training School, New World Corps, Strategic Book Marketing Unit]; International Hubbard Ecclesiastic League of Pastors [known as IHELP]; Sea Organization Officer Council; the American Saint Hill Organization; Advanced Organization Los Angeles; <a href="/wiki/Golden_Era_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Era Studios">Golden Era Studios</a>; <a href="/wiki/Watchdog_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Watchdog Committee">Watchdog Committee</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Commodore%27s_Messenger_Organization" title="Commodore's Messenger Organization">Commodore's Messenger Organization</a> International; the Executive Director International; the Senior Executive Strata; the <a href="/wiki/INCOMM" class="mw-redirect" title="INCOMM">International Network of Computer Organized Management</a>; <a href="/wiki/World_Institute_of_Scientology_Enterprises" title="World Institute of Scientology Enterprises">World Institute of Scientology Enterprises</a>; <a href="/wiki/Golden_Era_Productions" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Era Productions">Golden Era Productions</a>; <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Special_Affairs" title="Office of Special Affairs">Office of Special Affairs</a> International; <a href="/wiki/Bridge_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridge Publications">Bridge Publications</a>; LRH Public Relations International; Household Unit; Inspector General Network [comprising the Trademark Integrity Division and the Qualifications Division]; the United States Scientology Films Trust; International Scientology Films Trust; <a href="/wiki/Author_Services_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Author Services Inc.">Author Services Inc.</a>, Cancorp, <a href="/wiki/Tax_status_of_Scientology_in_the_United_States#Religious_Research_Foundation" title="Tax status of Scientology in the United States">Religious Research Foundation</a>; <a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Scientologists" title="International Association of Scientologists">International Association of Scientologists</a>; Church of Scientology Religious Trust.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/United_States_Claims_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Claims Court">United States Claims Court</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p><span class="anchor" id="FCDC"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Founding_Church_of_Scientology,_Washington,_D.C."><span id="Founding_Church_of_Scientology.2C_Washington.2C_D.C."></span>Founding Church of Scientology, Washington, D.C.</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Founding Church of Scientology, Washington, D.C."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Founding Church of Scientology of Washington, D.C. (FCDC) was incorporated in 1955 under the name <i>The Founding Church of Man's Religion of Washington, D.C.</i>, as a "parent church for the propagation of the religious faith known as Scientology".<sup id="cite_ref-emetercase1969_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emetercase1969-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: JA18">: JA18 </span></sup> The name was often shortened to "Founding Church" or "Founding Church DC", and abbreviated FCDC. In the 1960s, FCDC had offices in Washington, D.C. at 1810, 1812, and 1827 19th Street NW, and 1907 and 2125 S Street NW.<sup id="cite_ref-emetercase1969_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emetercase1969-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: JA18">: JA18 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hubbard-admindict_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hubbard-admindict-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 681">: 681 </span></sup> Its purpose was "To disseminate Scientology. To advance and protect its membership. To hold the lines and data of Scientology clean and clear. To educate and process people toward the goal of a civilized age on Earth second to none. To survive on all dynamics."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hubbard-admindict_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hubbard-admindict-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 223">: 223 </span></sup> Subsidiary organizations included the Distribution Center, Inc., the Academy of Scientology, and Hubbard Guidance Center.<sup id="cite_ref-emetercase1969_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emetercase1969-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: JA16">: JA16 </span></sup> </p><p>FCDC was the site of a 1963 raid by the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a> in which all the e-meters on the premises, and related publications, were confiscated. The resulting lawsuits covered several years, and resulted in a 1970s order limiting the use of e-meters and mandating certain labeling.<sup id="cite_ref-emetercase1969_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emetercase1969-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (See <a href="/wiki/E-meter#United_States" title="E-meter">E-meter § United States</a>.) </p><p>FCDC was also the site of a 1977 raid by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a> over Scientology's spying on government agencies. This resulted in the criminal conviction of eleven Scientologists in 1979, including L. Ron Hubbard's wife.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (See <a href="/wiki/Operation_Snow_White" title="Operation Snow White">Operation Snow White</a>.) </p><p>In 1994, the Church of Scientology purchased the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Mansion" title="Fraser Mansion">Fraser Mansion</a> at 1701 20th Street NW for their <i>new</i> "Founding Church of Scientology Washington D.C."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, the new FCDC relocated to 1424 16th Street NW, while the Fraser Mansion was repurposed for Scientology's National Affairs Office.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2003, Heritage Properties International, a subordinate organization to Church of Spiritual Technology and formerly named Heritage Management Company Ltd., purchased the building at 1812 19th Street NW, and turned it into a Scientology museum named <a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard_House" title="L. Ron Hubbard House">L. Ron Hubbard House</a>. It is also referred to as the historic Founding Church of Scientology.<sup id="cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nrhpr_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nrhpr-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_front_groups" title="Scientology front groups">Scientology front groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trademarks_owned_by_the_Church_of_Scientology_and_its_affiliates" title="List of trademarks owned by the Church of Scientology and its affiliates">List of trademarks owned by the Church of Scientology and its affiliates</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quote by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Urban" title="Hugh Urban">Hugh Urban</a>: Today, what we call "Scientology" is in reality a remarkably complex network of ostensibly independent but clearly interconnected corporate entities. These include, among many others, the Watchdog Committee (WDC), the Commodore's Messenger Organization (CMO), Author Services Incorporated (ASI), Church of Scientology Religious Education College, Inc. (COSRECI), Bridge Publications, New Era Publications, the "Flag Ship Service Organization" (FSSO), the Advanced Organizations, the Saint Hills, and the many churches (also known as "outer orgs"). In addition, there are various other groups and programs, such as Scientology Missions International (SMI), the World Institute of Scientology Enterprises (WISE), the Association for Better Living and Education (ABLE), the Concerned Businessmen's Association, the Citizen's Commission on Human Rights (CCHR), and a wide variety of schools and educational programs. As such, Scientology is perhaps best understood not simply as "a religion" but rather as an extremely complex "multi-faceted transnational organization," of which religion is one - but only one - aspect.<sup id="cite_ref-urban_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 131">: 131 </span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Scientology_organizations&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-commandchannels-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-commandchannels_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-commandchannels_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-commandchannels_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="display:inline;"><ul style="display:inline;"><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;display:inline; margin:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Command Channels of Scientology</i>. <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_International" title="Church of Scientology International">Church of Scientology International</a>. 1988.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Command+Channels+of+Scientology&rft.pub=Church+of+Scientology+International&rft.date=1988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></li><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;margin-top:.5em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Stop-Narconon/Documents/command-channels.pdf">"Excerpt from The Command Channels of Scientology"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Church of Scientology International<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2023</span> – via <a href="/wiki/David_S._Touretzky" title="David S. Touretzky">David S. Touretzky</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Excerpt+from+The+Command+Channels+of+Scientology&rft.pub=Church+of+Scientology+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~dst%2FStop-Narconon%2FDocuments%2Fcommand-channels.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-irsapplic-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-33"><sup><i><b>ah</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-34"><sup><i><b>ai</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-35"><sup><i><b>aj</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-36"><sup><i><b>ak</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-37"><sup><i><b>al</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-38"><sup><i><b>am</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-39"><sup><i><b>an</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-40"><sup><i><b>ao</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-41"><sup><i><b>ap</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-42"><sup><i><b>aq</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-43"><sup><i><b>ar</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-44"><sup><i><b>as</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-45"><sup><i><b>at</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-46"><sup><i><b>au</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-47"><sup><i><b>av</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-48"><sup><i><b>aw</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-49"><sup><i><b>ax</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-50"><sup><i><b>ay</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-51"><sup><i><b>az</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-52"><sup><i><b>ba</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-53"><sup><i><b>bb</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-54"><sup><i><b>bc</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irsapplic_2-55"><sup><i><b>bd</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="display:inline;"><ul style="display:inline;"><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;display:inline; margin:0;">Form 1023 – Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code – Church of Scientology International, Washington, DC, August 18, 1993</li><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;margin-top:.5em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChurch_of_Scientology_International1993" class="citation document cs1">Church of Scientology International (November 4, 1993). "Form 1023 Attached Statement" (Document). IRS. pp. Bates 150068–150181.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Form+1023+Attached+Statement&rft.pages=Bates+150068-150181&rft.pub=IRS&rft.date=1993-11-04&rft.au=Church+of+Scientology+International&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Stop-Narconon/Documents/irs-1023-attachment.pdf">"FOIA copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FOIA+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~dst%2FStop-Narconon%2FDocuments%2Firs-1023-attachment.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urban131-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban131_3-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrban2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Urban" title="Hugh Urban">Urban, Hugh B.</a> (2011). <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Scientology:_A_History_of_a_New_Religion" title="The Church of Scientology: A History of a New Religion"><i>The Church of Scientology: A History of a New Religion</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. p. 131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780691146089" title="Special:BookSources/9780691146089"><bdi>9780691146089</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Church+of+Scientology%3A+A+History+of+a+New+Religion&rft.pages=131&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780691146089&rft.aulast=Urban&rft.aufirst=Hugh+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hubbard-admindict-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hubbard-admindict_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hubbard-admindict_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hubbard-admindict_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHubbard1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">Hubbard, L. Ron</a> (1976). <i>Modern Management Technology Defined: Hubbard dictionary of administration and management</i>. <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0884040402" title="Special:BookSources/0884040402"><bdi>0884040402</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL8192738M">8192738M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Management+Technology+Defined%3A+Hubbard+dictionary+of+administration+and+management&rft.pub=Church+of+Scientology&rft.date=1976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL8192738M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=0884040402&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=L.+Ron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrtega2008" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Ortega" title="Tony Ortega">Ortega, Tony</a> (June 24, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.villagevoice.com/2008/06/24/scientologys-crushing-defeat/">"Scientology's Crushing Defeat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Village_Voice" class="mw-redirect" title="Village Voice">Village Voice</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Village+Voice&rft.atitle=Scientology%27s+Crushing+Defeat&rft.date=2008-06-24&rft.aulast=Ortega&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.villagevoice.com%2F2008%2F06%2F24%2Fscientologys-crushing-defeat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CA-SOS-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CA-SOS_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bizfileonline.sos.ca.gov/search/business">"California Business Search for corporations, limited liability companies and limited partnerships of record"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_California" title="Secretary of State of California">Secretary of State of California</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Secretary+of+State+of+California&rft.atitle=California+Business+Search+for+corporations%2C+limited+liability+companies+and+limited+partnerships+of+record&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbizfileonline.sos.ca.gov%2Fsearch%2Fbusiness&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reitman-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reitman_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-reitman_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-reitman_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReitman2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Janet_Reitman" class="mw-redirect" title="Janet Reitman">Reitman, Janet</a> (2011). <a href="/wiki/Inside_Scientology:_The_Story_of_America%27s_Most_Secretive_Religion" title="Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion"><i>Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin_Harcourt" title="Houghton Mifflin Harcourt">Houghton Mifflin Harcourt</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780618883028" title="Special:BookSources/9780618883028"><bdi>9780618883028</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL24881847M">24881847M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Scientology%3A+The+Story+of+America%27s+Most+Secretive+Religion&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL24881847M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=9780618883028&rft.aulast=Reitman&rft.aufirst=Janet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urban-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-urban_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrban2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Urban" title="Hugh Urban">Urban, Hugh B.</a> (2011). <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Scientology:_A_History_of_a_New_Religion" title="The Church of Scientology: A History of a New Religion"><i>The Church of Scientology: A History of a New Religion</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780691146089" title="Special:BookSources/9780691146089"><bdi>9780691146089</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Church+of+Scientology%3A+A+History+of+a+New+Religion&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780691146089&rft.aulast=Urban&rft.aufirst=Hugh+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-csrt-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-csrt_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-csrt_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation document cs1">"The Church of Scientology Religious Trust Super Power Expansion Project Creating a Cleared Planet (CSRT ED 1)" (Document). Church of Scientology Religious Trust. December 31, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Church+of+Scientology+Religious+Trust+Super+Power+Expansion+Project+Creating+a+Cleared+Planet+%28CSRT+ED+1%29&rft.pub=Church+of+Scientology+Religious+Trust&rft.date=2010-12-31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Scientology_1993_IRS_closing_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientology 1993 IRS closing agreement">Scientology 1993 IRS closing agreement</a>, section IV, paragraph E(5)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrtega2015" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Ortega" title="Tony Ortega">Ortega, Tony</a> (July 9, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tonyortega.org/2015/07/09/how-scientologys-snow-white-program-led-to-the-creation-of-its-ias-slush-fund/">"How Scientology's 1970s infiltration scandal led to the creation of its IAS slush fund"</a>. <i>The Underground Bunker</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Underground+Bunker&rft.atitle=How+Scientology%27s+1970s+infiltration+scandal+led+to+the+creation+of+its+IAS+slush+fund&rft.date=2015-07-09&rft.aulast=Ortega&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftonyortega.org%2F2015%2F07%2F09%2Fhow-scientologys-snow-white-program-led-to-the-creation-of-its-ias-slush-fund%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://galaxypress.com/about-us/">"About Us - The History of Galaxy Press"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us+-+The+History+of+Galaxy+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgalaxypress.com%2Fabout-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Foster_Report" title="Foster Report">Foster Report</a>, page 30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atack-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-atack_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtack1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Atack" class="mw-redirect" title="Jon Atack">Atack, Jon</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pieceofblueskysc00atac/"><i>A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Lyle_Stuart" title="Lyle Stuart">Lyle Stuart Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/081840499X" title="Special:BookSources/081840499X"><bdi>081840499X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL9429654M">9429654M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Piece+of+Blue+Sky%3A+Scientology%2C+Dianetics+and+L.+Ron+Hubbard+Exposed&rft.pub=Lyle+Stuart+Books&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL9429654M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=081840499X&rft.aulast=Atack&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpieceofblueskysc00atac%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.njportal.com/dor/businessnamesearch/">"Business Name Search"</a>. <i>New Jersey Government Services</i>. Entity IDs=0900010506, 0900010293, 0900010512.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Jersey+Government+Services&rft.atitle=Business+Name+Search&rft.pages=Entity+IDs%3D0900010506%2C+0900010293%2C+0900010512&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.njportal.com%2Fdor%2Fbusinessnamesearch%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAugustine2014" class="citation web cs1">Augustine, Jeffrey (June 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scientologymoneyproject.com/2014/06/27/church-of-scientology-corporate-structure/">"Church of Scientology Corporate Structure"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Church+of+Scientology+Corporate+Structure&rft.date=2014-06-27&rft.aulast=Augustine&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscientologymoneyproject.com%2F2014%2F06%2F27%2Fchurch-of-scientology-corporate-structure%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation document cs1">"Response to First Series of Questions to IRS" (Document). Church of Scientology International. April 24, 1991. p. Bates 151247.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Response+to+First+Series+of+Questions+to+IRS&rft.pages=Bates+151247&rft.pub=Church+of+Scientology+International&rft.date=1991-04-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Claims_Court1992" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Claims_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Claims Court">United States Claims Court</a> (June 29, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/essays/irslegal/290692.html">"Church of Spiritual Technology v. United States - No. 581-88T"</a> – via <a href="/wiki/David_S._Touretzky" title="David S. Touretzky">David S. Touretzky</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Church+of+Spiritual+Technology+v.+United+States+-+No.+581-88T&rft.date=1992-06-29&rft.au=United+States+Claims+Court&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~dst%2FCowen%2Fessays%2Firslegal%2F290692.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/essays/irslegal.html">Scientology vs the IRS: Legal archive</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-emetercase1969-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-emetercase1969_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emetercase1969_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emetercase1969_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emetercase1969_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dc_circ_1968_21483_founding_church_scientology_dc_et_al_v_us/mode/2up?view=theater">"The Founding Church of Scientology of Washington, D.C., et al v. United States, 409 F.2d 1146 (D.C. Cir. 1969) - Transcript of Record"</a>. June 24, 1968 – via archive.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Founding+Church+of+Scientology+of+Washington%2C+D.C.%2C+et+al+v.+United+States%2C+409+F.2d+1146+%28D.C.+Cir.+1969%29+-+Transcript+of+Record&rft.date=1968-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdc_circ_1968_21483_founding_church_scientology_dc_et_al_v_us%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fview%3Dtheater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHubbard1962" class="citation document cs1"><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">Hubbard, L. Ron</a> (October 12, 1962). 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Oxford University Press: 378. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjaarel%2Flfj084">10.1093/jaarel/lfj084</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143313978">143313978</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Religion&rft.atitle=Fair+Game%3A+Secrecy%2C+Security+and+the+Church+of+Scientology+in+Cold+War+America&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=378&rft.date=2006-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjaarel%2Flfj084&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143313978%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Urban&rft.aufirst=Hugh+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaggerty1994" class="citation news cs1">Haggerty, Maryann (April 25, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20240414070451/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1994/04/25/church-of-scientology-buys-historic-dupont-circle-mansion/09c2c79e-85bc-40f9-9749-42a08296fe82/">"Church of Scientology Buys Historic Dupont Circle Mansion"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1994/04/25/church-of-scientology-buys-historic-dupont-circle-mansion/09c2c79e-85bc-40f9-9749-42a08296fe82/?itid=sr_1_1261fb06-87db-4221-906d-86a2475cc859">the original</a></span> on April 14, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 14,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Church+of+Scientology+Buys+Historic+Dupont+Circle+Mansion&rft.date=1994-04-25&rft.aulast=Haggerty&rft.aufirst=Maryann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fbusiness%2F1994%2F04%2F25%2Fchurch-of-scientology-buys-historic-dupont-circle-mansion%2F09c2c79e-85bc-40f9-9749-42a08296fe82%2F%3Fitid%3Dsr_1_1261fb06-87db-4221-906d-86a2475cc859&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Press release: The Church of Scientology Announces the Biggest Expansion in Scientology History. December 21, 2009. Church of Scientology International.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nrhpr-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nrhpr_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcClane2022" class="citation web cs1">McClane, Debra A. (January 31, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220619040155/https://planning.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/op/publication/attachments/Founding%20Church%20of%20Scientology%20nomination.pdf">"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Founding Church of Scientology, Washington, D.C."</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>District of Columbia Office of Planning - Historic Preservation Office</i>. Government of the District of Columbia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planning.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/op/publication/attachments/Founding%20Church%20of%20Scientology%20nomination.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on June 19, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=District+of+Columbia+Office+of+Planning+-+Historic+Preservation+Office&rft.atitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places+Registration+Form%3A+Founding+Church+of+Scientology%2C+Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.date=2022-01-31&rft.aulast=McClane&rft.aufirst=Debra+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplanning.dc.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdc%2Fsites%2Fop%2Fpublication%2Fattachments%2FFounding%2520Church%2520of%2520Scientology%2520nomination.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdler2009" class="citation news cs1">Adler, Ben (January 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/2009/01/01/l-ron-dezvous/">"L. Ron-dezvous"</a>. <i>Washington Monthly</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201111175635/https://washingtonmonthly.com/2009/01/01/l-ron-dezvous/">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Monthly&rft.atitle=L.+Ron-dezvous&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.aulast=Adler&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwashingtonmonthly.com%2F2009%2F01%2F01%2Fl-ron-dezvous%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Scientology+organizations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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title="Dianetics">Dianetics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dianetics:_The_Modern_Science_of_Mental_Health" title="Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health"><i>Dianetics</i> (book)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disconnection_(Scientology)" title="Disconnection (Scientology)">Disconnection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-meter" title="E-meter">E-meter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engram_(Dianetics)" title="Engram (Dianetics)">Engram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_ethics_and_justice" title="Scientology ethics and justice">Ethics and justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Scientology" title="Glossary of Scientology">Glossary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scientology_terminology" title="Scientology terminology">Terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Implant_(Scientology)" title="Implant (Scientology)">Implant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incident_(Scientology)" title="Incident (Scientology)">Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keeping_Scientology_Working" title="Keeping Scientology Working">Keeping Scientology Working</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcab_Confederacy" title="Marcab Confederacy">Marcab Confederacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_marriage" title="Scientology and marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MEST_(Scientology)" title="MEST (Scientology)">MEST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating_Thetan" title="Operating Thetan">Operating Thetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OT_VIII" title="OT VIII">OT VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactive_mind" title="Reactive mind">Reactive mind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_religious_groups" title="Scientology and religious groups">Scientology and religious groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reincarnation#Scientology" title="Reincarnation">Reincarnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scientology_security_checks" title="List of Scientology security checks">Sec Check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_sex" title="Scientology and sex">Sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_gender" title="Scientology and gender">Gender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_homosexuality" title="Scientology and homosexuality">Homosexuality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_birth" title="Silent birth">Silent birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera_in_Scientology" title="Space opera in Scientology">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Study_Technology" title="Study Technology">Study Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetan" title="Thetan">Thetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_routines_(Scientology)" title="Training routines (Scientology)">Training routines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenu" title="Xenu">Xenu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dianetics_and_Scientology" title="History of Dianetics and Scientology">History</a> and<br /> <a href="/wiki/Scientology_controversies" title="Scientology controversies">controversies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Mental_Health_Enabling_Act" title="Alaska Mental Health Enabling Act">Alaska Mental Health Enabling Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_books_critical_of_Scientology" title="Bibliography of books critical of Scientology">Books critical of Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_editing_on_Wikipedia" title="Church of Scientology editing on Wikipedia">Church of Scientology editing on Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearwater_Hearings" title="Clearwater Hearings">Clearwater Hearings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Elli_Perkins" title="Murder of Elli Perkins">Death of Elli Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Kaja_Ballo" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Kaja Ballo">Death of Kaja Ballo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Lisa_McPherson" title="Death of Lisa McPherson">Death of Lisa McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_game_(Scientology)" title="Fair game (Scientology)">Fair game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishman_Affidavit" title="Fishman Affidavit">Fishman Affidavit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Guardian%27s_Office_operations" title="List of Guardian's Office operations">Guardian's Office operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Henson" title="Keith Henson">Keith Henson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_the_Internet" title="Scientology and the Internet">The Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Clambake" title="Operation Clambake">Operation Clambake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Freakout" title="Operation Freakout">Operation Freakout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Snow_White" title="Operation Snow White">Operation Snow White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Chanology" title="Project Chanology">Project Chanology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Normandy" title="Project Normandy">Project Normandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R2-45" title="R2-45">R2-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_psychiatry" title="Scientology and psychiatry">Psychiatry</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_Me" title="Scientology and Me">Scientology and Me</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_as_a_business" title="Scientology as a business">Scientology as a business</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Secrets_of_Scientology" title="The Secrets of Scientology">The Secrets of Scientology</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suppressive_person" title="Suppressive person">Suppressive person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_status_of_Scientology_in_the_United_States" title="Tax status of Scientology in the United States">Tax status in the US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hole_(Scientology)" title="The Hole (Scientology)">The Hole</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Thriving_Cult_of_Greed_and_Power" title="The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power">The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Scientology" title="Timeline of Scientology">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government reports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_Report" title="Anderson Report">Anderson Report</a> (AUS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumbleton%E2%80%93Powles_Report" title="Dumbleton–Powles Report">Dumbleton–Powles Report</a> (NZ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_Report" title="Foster Report">Foster Report</a> (UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lee_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lee Report">Lee Report</a> (CAN)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_law" title="Scientology and law">Litigation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/R_v_Registrar_General,_ex_p_Segerdal" title="R v Registrar General, ex p Segerdal">R v Registrar General, ex p Segerdal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hubbard_v_Vosper" title="Hubbard v Vosper">Hubbard v Vosper</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Hubbard" title="United States v. Hubbard">United States v. Hubbard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/X._and_Church_of_Scientology_v._Sweden" title="X. and Church of Scientology v. Sweden">X. and Church of Scientology v. Sweden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_v._Sweden" title="Church of Scientology v. Sweden">Church of Scientology v. Sweden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wollersheim_v._Church_of_Scientology" class="mw-redirect" title="Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology">Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hernandez_v._Commissioner" title="Hernandez v. Commissioner">Hernandez v. Commissioner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Era_Publications_International_ApS_v._Carol_Publishing_Group_and_Jonathan_Caven-Atack" title="New Era Publications International ApS v. Carol Publishing Group and Jonathan Caven-Atack">New Era Publications International ApS v. Carol Publishing Group and Jonathan Caven-Atack</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_of_California_v._Armstrong" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Scientology of California v. Armstrong">Church of Scientology of California v. Armstrong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R_v_Church_of_Scientology_of_Toronto" title="R v Church of Scientology of Toronto">R. v. Church of Scientology of Toronto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fishman_Affidavit" title="Fishman Affidavit">Church of Scientology Intl. v. Fishman and Geertz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hill_v_Church_of_Scientology_of_Toronto" title="Hill v Church of Scientology of Toronto">Hill v. Church of Scientology of Toronto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center_v_Lerma" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Technology Center v Lerma">Religious Technology Center v Lerma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center_v._Netcom_On-Line_Communication_Services,_Inc." title="Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communication Services, Inc.">Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communication Services, Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Thriving_Cult_of_Greed_and_Power" title="The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power">Church of Scientology Intl. v. Time Warner, Inc., et al.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arenz,_R%C3%B6der_and_Dagmar_v._Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Arenz, Röder and Dagmar v. Germany">Arenz, Röder and Dagmar v. Germany</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_Moscow_v._Russia" title="Church of Scientology Moscow v. Russia">Church of Scientology Moscow v. Russia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Headley_v._Church_of_Scientology_International" title="Headley v. Church of Scientology International">Headley v. Church of Scientology International</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Organizations</a><br />(and <a href="/wiki/Scientology_properties" title="Scientology properties">properties</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cadet_Org" title="Cadet Org">Cadet Org</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celebrity_Centre" title="Celebrity Centre">Celebrity Centre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_%C3%89lys%C3%A9e" title="Château Élysée">Château Élysée</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_International" title="Church of Scientology International">Church of Scientology International</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guaranty_Building_(Hollywood,_California)" title="Guaranty Building (Hollywood, California)">Guaranty Building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Spiritual_Technology" title="Church of Spiritual Technology">Church of Spiritual Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trementina_Base" title="Trementina Base">Trementina Base</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_Flag_Service_Organization" title="Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization">Flag Service Organization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Building" title="Flag Building">Flag Building/Super Power Building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Ship_Service_Org" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag Ship Service Org">Flag Ship Service Org</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freewinds" title="Freewinds">Freewinds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Church_of_Scientology" class="mw-redirect" title="Founding Church of Scientology">Founding Church of Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Press" title="Galaxy Press">Galaxy Press</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Security_Trust" title="Security Trust">Author Services building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Base" title="Gold Base">Golden Era Productions (Gold Base)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubbard_Association_of_Scientologists_International" title="Hubbard Association of Scientologists International">Hubbard Association of Scientologists International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Scientologists" title="International Association of Scientologists">International Association of Scientologists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Special_Affairs" title="Office of Special Affairs">Office of Special Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center" title="Religious Technology Center">Religious Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_Project_Force" title="Rehabilitation Project Force">Rehabilitation Project Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Hill_Manor" title="Saint Hill Manor">Saint Hill Manor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_Missions_International" title="Scientology Missions International">Scientology Missions International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Org" title="Sea Org">Sea Org</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Scientology_by_country" title="Category:Scientology by country">Countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_status_by_country" title="Scientology status by country">Status by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Australia" title="Scientology in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Belgium" title="Scientology in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Canada" title="Scientology in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Egypt" title="Scientology in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_France" title="Scientology in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Germany" title="Scientology in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_the_Netherlands" title="Scientology in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_New_Zealand" title="Scientology in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Norway" title="Scientology in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Pakistan" title="Scientology in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Russia" title="Scientology in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Scientology in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_the_United_States" title="Scientology in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scientology_officials" title="Scientology officials">Officials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Sue_Hubbard" title="Mary Sue Hubbard">Mary Sue Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Miscavige" title="David Miscavige">David Miscavige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelly_Miscavige" title="Shelly Miscavige">Shelly Miscavige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Adams_(American_football)" title="Bob Adams (American football)">Bob Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carmichael_(Scientology)" title="John Carmichael (Scientology)">John Carmichael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Davis_(Scientology)" title="Tommy Davis (Scientology)">Tommy Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Feshbach" title="Jessica Feshbach">Jessica Feshbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gaiman" title="David Gaiman">David Gaiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leisa_Goodman" title="Leisa Goodman">Leisa Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_Jentzsch" title="Heber Jentzsch">Heber Jentzsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendrick_Moxon" title="Kendrick Moxon">Kendrick 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Scholastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_celebrities" title="Scientology and celebrities">Celebrities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Citizens Commission on Human Rights">Citizens Commission on Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerned_Businessmen%27s_Association_of_America" title="Concerned Businessmen's Association of America">Concerned Businessmen's Association of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminon" title="Criminon">Criminon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Cult_Awareness_Network" title="New Cult Awareness Network">Cult Awareness Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Delphian_School" class="mw-redirect" title="The Delphian School">The Delphian School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Zone_(Scientology)" title="Free Zone (Scientology)">Free Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_front_groups" title="Scientology front groups">Front groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSCN-TV" title="KSCN-TV">KSCN-TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moxon_%26_Kobrin" title="Moxon & Kobrin">Moxon & Kobrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narconon" title="Narconon">Narconon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Rescue_Workers_Detoxification_Project" title="New York Rescue Workers Detoxification Project">New York Rescue Workers Detoxification Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Capacity_Analysis" title="Oxford Capacity Analysis">Oxford Capacity Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_Environment_Fund" title="Safe Environment Fund">Safe Environment Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_Network" title="Scientology Network">Scientology Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Chance_Program" title="Second Chance Program">Second Chance Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trademarks_owned_by_the_Church_of_Scientology_and_its_affiliates" title="List of trademarks owned by the Church of Scientology and its affiliates">Trademarks</a></li> <li><a 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