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A. Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Prabhu"> R. Prabhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Whittington"> W. Whittington</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20D.%20Jones"> M. D. Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To establish a causal relationship of infant head injury consequences, this present study addresses the necessary challenges of cranial geometry and the physical response complexities of the paediatric head tissues. Herein, we describe a new approach to characterising and understanding infant head impact mechanics by developing printed head models, using high resolution clinical postmortem imaging, to provide the most complete anatomical representation currently available, and biological material response data-matched polypropylene polymers, to replicate the relative mechanical response properties of immature cranial bone, sutures and fontanelles. Additive manufacturing technology was applied to creating a physical polymeric model of a newborn infant skull, using PolyJet printed materials. Infant skull materials responses, were matched by a response characterisation study, utilising uniaxial tensile testing (1 mm min-1 loading rate), to determine: the stiffness, ultimate tensile strength and maximum strain of rigid and rubber additively manufactured acrylates. The results from the mechanical experiments confirm that the polymeric materials RGD835 Vero White Plus (White), representing the frontal and parietal bones; RGD8510- DM Rigid Light Grey25 (Grey), representing the occipital bone; and FLX9870-DM (Black) representing the suture and fontanelles, were found to show a close stiffness -correlation (E) at ambient temperatures. A 3D physical model of infant head was subsequently printed from the matched materials and subsequently validated against results obtained from a series of Post Mortem Human Surrogate (PMHS) tests. A close correlation was demonstrated between the model impact tests and the PMHS. This study, therefore, represents a key step towards applying printed physical models to understanding head injury biomechanics and is useful in the efforts to predict and mitigate head injury consequences in infants, whether accidental or by abuse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infant%20head%20trauma" title="infant head trauma">infant head trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infant%20skull" title=" infant skull"> infant skull</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20response" title=" material response"> material response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post%20mortem%20human%20subjects" title=" post mortem human subjects"> post mortem human subjects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyJet%20printing" title=" polyJet printing"> polyJet printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89613/material-response-characterisation-of-a-polyjet-3d-printed-human-infant-skull" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> A Comparison of Inverse Simulation-Based Fault Detection in a Simple Robotic Rover with a Traditional Model-Based Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murray%20L.%20Ireland">Murray L. Ireland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20J.%20Worrall"> Kevin J. Worrall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebecca%20Mackenzie"> Rebecca Mackenzie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thaleia%20Flessa"> Thaleia Flessa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euan%20McGookin"> Euan McGookin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20Thomson"> Douglas Thomson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Robotic rovers which are designed to work in extra-terrestrial environments present a unique challenge in terms of the reliability and availability of systems throughout the mission. Should some fault occur, with the nearest human potentially millions of kilometres away, detection and identification of the fault must be performed solely by the robot and its subsystems. Faults in the system sensors are relatively straightforward to detect, through the residuals produced by comparison of the system output with that of a simple model. However, faults in the input, that is, the actuators of the system, are harder to detect. A step change in the input signal, caused potentially by the loss of an actuator, can propagate through the system, resulting in complex residuals in multiple outputs. These residuals can be difficult to isolate or distinguish from residuals caused by environmental disturbances. While a more complex fault detection method or additional sensors could be used to solve these issues, an alternative is presented here. Using inverse simulation (InvSim), the inputs and outputs of the mathematical model of the rover system are reversed. Thus, for a desired trajectory, the corresponding actuator inputs are obtained. A step fault near the input then manifests itself as a step change in the residual between the system inputs and the input trajectory obtained through inverse simulation. This approach avoids the need for additional hardware on a mass- and power-critical system such as the rover. The InvSim fault detection method is applied to a simple four-wheeled rover in simulation. Additive system faults and an external disturbance force and are applied to the vehicle in turn, such that the dynamic response and sensor output of the rover are impacted. Basic model-based fault detection is then employed to provide output residuals which may be analysed to provide information on the fault/disturbance. InvSim-based fault detection is then employed, similarly providing input residuals which provide further information on the fault/disturbance. The input residuals are shown to provide clearer information on the location and magnitude of an input fault than the output residuals. Additionally, they can allow faults to be more clearly discriminated from environmental disturbances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20detection" title="fault detection">fault detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20robot" title=" ground robot"> ground robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20simulation" title=" inverse simulation"> inverse simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rover" title=" rover"> rover</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60353/a-comparison-of-inverse-simulation-based-fault-detection-in-a-simple-robotic-rover-with-a-traditional-model-based-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Functional Impairment in South African Children with ADHD: Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a Targeted Intervention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mareli%20Fischer">Mareli Fischer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20G.%20F.%20Thomas"> Kevin G. F. Thomas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent childhood neurobehavioural disorders, little empirical research has been published on its clinical presentation in Africa, and, globally, few studies evaluate ADHD intervention programs that emphasize parent training. Hence, Stage 1 of this research programme aimed to describe the functional impairment of South African children with ADHD, and also sought to investigate the influence of sociodemographic variables (e.g., sex, age, socioeconomic status, family environment) and clinical variables (e.g., ADHD subtype and comorbidity) on the degree of that impairment. We used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents as a diagnostic tool, and the Child Behavior Checklist, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Impairment Rating Scale as measures of functional impairment. Results from this stage of the research indicated that South African children and adolescents who meet diagnostic criteria for ADHD experience most functional impairment in the school domain, as well as in the area of social functioning. None of the measured sociodemographic variables had a significant detrimental or protective effect on how ADHD symptoms impacted on functioning. In terms of comorbidity, the presence of Major Depressive Disorder, Conduct Disorder, and Oppositional Defiant Disorder were all associated with significantly impaired overall functioning. Stage 2 of the research programme aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a child-specific intervention that targeted the primary areas of impairment identified in Stage 1. Existing literature suggests that a positive parent-training programme, in the group format, is one of the best options for cost-effective and successful ADHD intervention. Hence, the intervention took that form. Parents were taught basic behaviour analysis concepts within a supportive group context. Evaluation of the intervention’s efficacy used many of the same measures as in Stage 1, but also featured semi-structured interviews with participants and naturalistic observation of parent-child interaction. We will discuss preliminary results of that evaluation. Studying functional impairment and designing intervention plans in this way will pave the way for evidence-based treatment plans for children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention%20deficit%2Fhyperactivity%20disorder" title="attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder">attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intervention" title=" intervention"> intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parenting%20groups" title=" parenting groups"> parenting groups</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29036/functional-impairment-in-south-african-children-with-adhd-design-implementation-and-evaluation-of-a-targeted-intervention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Improving the Bioprocess Phenotype of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Using CRISPR/Cas9 and Sponge Decoy Mediated MiRNA Knockdowns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Kellner">Kevin Kellner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nga%20Lao"> Nga Lao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orla%20Coleman"> Orla Coleman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Meleady"> Paula Meleady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niall%20Barron"> Niall Barron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are the prominent cell line used in biopharmaceutical production. To improve yields and find beneficial bioprocess phenotypes genetic engineering plays an essential role in recent research. The miR-23 cluster, specifically miR-24 and miR-27, was first identified as differentially expressed during hypothermic conditions suggesting a role in proliferation and productivity in CHO cells. In this study, we used sponge decoy technology to stably deplete the miRNA expression of the cluster. Furthermore, we implemented the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knockdown miRNA expression. Sponge constructs were designed for an imperfect binding of the miRNA target, protecting from RISC mediated cleavage. GuideRNAs for the CRISPR/Cas9 system were designed to target the seed region of the miRNA. The expression of mature miRNA and precursor were confirmed using RT-qPCR. For both approaches stable expressing mixed populations were generated and characterised in batch cultures. It was shown, that CRISPR/Cas9 can be implemented in CHO cells with achieving high knockdown efficacy of every single member of the cluster. Targeting of one miRNA member showed that its genomic paralog is successfully targeted as well. The stable depletion of miR-24 using CRISPR/Cas9 showed increased growth and specific productivity in a CHO-K1 mAb expressing cell line. This phenotype was further characterized using quantitative label-free LC-MS/MS showing 186 proteins differently expressed with 19 involved in proliferation and 26 involved in protein folding/translation. Targeting miR-27 in the same cell line showed increased viability in late stages of the culture compared to the control. To evaluate the phenotype in an industry relevant cell line; the miR-23 cluster, miR-24 and miR-27 were stably depleted in a Fc fusion CHO-S cell line which showed increased batch titers up to 1.5-fold. In this work, we highlighted that the stable depletion of the miR-23 cluster and its members can improve the bioprocess phenotype concerning growth and productivity in two different cell lines. Furthermore, we showed that using CRISPR/Cas9 is comparable to the traditional sponge decoy technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20Hamster%20ovary%20cells" title="Chinese Hamster ovary cells">Chinese Hamster ovary cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CRISPR%2FCas9" title=" CRISPR/Cas9"> CRISPR/Cas9</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNAs" title=" microRNAs"> microRNAs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge%20decoy%20technology" title=" sponge decoy technology"> sponge decoy technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75484/improving-the-bioprocess-phenotype-of-chinese-hamster-ovary-cells-using-crisprcas9-and-sponge-decoy-mediated-mirna-knockdowns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Aptamers: A Potential Strategy for COVID-19 Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Ammar%20Ayass">Mohamad Ammar Ayass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalya%20Griko"> Natalya Griko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Pashkov"> Victor Pashkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanying%20Cao"> Wanying Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Zhu"> Kevin Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Zhang"> Jin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Abi%20Mosleh"> Lina Abi Mosleh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Early evidence pointed at the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) expressed on the epithelial cells of the lung as the main entry point of SARS-CoV-2 into the cells. The viral entry is mediated by the binding of the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the spike protein that is expressed on the surface of the virus to the ACE-2 receptor. As the number of SARS-CoV-2 variants continues to increase, mutations arising in the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 may lead to the ineffectiveness of RBD targeted neutralizing antibodies. To address this limitation, the objective of this study is to develop a combination of aptamers that target different regions of the RBD, preventing the binding of the spike protein to ACE-2 receptor and subsequent viral entry and replication. A safe and innovative biomedical tool was developed to inhibit viral infection and reduce the harms of COVID-19. In the present study, DNA aptamers were developed against a recombinant trimer S protein using the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX). Negative selection was introduced at round number 7 to select for aptamers that bind specifically to the RBD domain. A series of 9 aptamers (ADI2010, ADI2011, ADI201L, ADI203L, ADI205L, ADIR68, ADIR74, ADIR80, ADIR83) were selected and characterized with high binding affinity and specificity to the RBD of the spike protein. Aptamers (ADI25, ADI2009, ADI203L) were able to bind and pull down endogenous spike protein expressed on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 virus in COVID-19 positive patient samples and determined by liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS). LC-MS/MS data confirmed that aptamers can bind to the RBD of the spike protein. Furthermore, results indicated that the combination of the 9 best aptamers inhibited the binding of the purified trimer spike protein to the ACE-2 receptor found on the surface of Vero E6 cells. In the same experiment, the combined aptamers displayed a better neutralizing effect than antibodies. The data suggests that the selected aptamers could be used in therapy to neutralize the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by inhibiting the interaction between the RBD and ACE-2 receptor, preventing viral entry into target cells and therefore blocking viral replication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aptamer" title="aptamer">aptamer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ACE-2%20receptor" title=" ACE-2 receptor"> ACE-2 receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding%20inhibitor" title=" binding inhibitor"> binding inhibitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spike%20protein" title=" spike protein"> spike protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARS-CoV-2" title=" SARS-CoV-2"> SARS-CoV-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138392/aptamers-a-potential-strategy-for-covid-19-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Using Immersive Study Abroad Experiences to Strengthen Preservice Teachers’ Critical Reflection Skills on Future Classroom Practices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meredith%20Jones">Meredith Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20Catapano"> Susan Catapano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carol%20McNulty"> Carol McNulty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Study abroad experiences create unique learning opportunities for preservice teachers to strengthen their reflective thinking practices through applied learning experiences. Not only do study abroad experiences provide opportunities for students to expand their cultural sensitivity, but incorporating applied learning experiences in study abroad trips creates unique opportunities for preservice teachers to engage in critical reflection on their teaching skills. Applied learning experiences are designed to nurture learning and growth through a reflective, experiential process outside the traditional classroom setting. As students participate in applied learning experiences, they engage in critical reflection independently, with their peers, and with university faculty. Critical reflection within applied learning contexts generates, deepens, and documents learning but must be intentionally designed to be effective. Grounded in Dewey’s model of reflection, this qualitative study examines longitudinal data from various study abroad cohorts from a particular university. Reflective data was collected during the study abroad trip, and follow up data on critical reflection of teaching practices were collected six months and a year after the trip. Dewey’s model of reflection requires preservice teachers to make sense of their experiences by reflecting on theoretical knowledge, experiences, and pedagogical knowledge. Guided reflection provides preservice teachers with a framework to respond to questions and ideas critical to the applied learning outcomes. Prompts are used to engage preservice teachers in reflecting on situations they have experienced and how they can be transferred to their teaching. Findings from this study noted that students with previous field experiences, or work in the field, engaged in more critical reflection on pedagogical knowledge throughout their applied learning experience. Preservice teachers with limited experiences in the field benefited from engaging in critical reflection prompted by university faculty during the applied learning experience. However, they were able to independently engage in critical reflection once they began work in the field through university field placements, internships, or student teaching. Finally, students who participated in study abroad applied learning experiences reported their critical reflection on their teaching practices, and cultural sensitivity enhanced their teaching and relationships with children once they formally entered the teaching profession. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applied%20learning%20experiences" title="applied learning experiences">applied learning experiences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20reflection" title=" critical reflection"> critical reflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20sensitivity" title=" cultural sensitivity"> cultural sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preservice%20teachers" title=" preservice teachers"> preservice teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20education" title=" teacher education"> teacher education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127626/using-immersive-study-abroad-experiences-to-strengthen-preservice-teachers-critical-reflection-skills-on-future-classroom-practices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Comprehensive Longitudinal Multi-omic Profiling in Weight Gain and Insulin Resistance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20Y.%20Yeh">Christine Y. Yeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20D.%20Piening"> Brian D. Piening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20M.%20Totten"> Sarah M. Totten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kimberly%20Kukurba"> Kimberly Kukurba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenyu%20Zhou"> Wenyu Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20P.%20F.%20Contrepois"> Kevin P. F. Contrepois</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gucci%20J.%20Gu"> Gucci J. Gu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharon%20Pitteri"> Sharon Pitteri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Snyder"> Michael Snyder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three million deaths worldwide are attributed to obesity. However, the biomolecular mechanisms that describe the link between adiposity and subsequent disease states are poorly understood. Insulin resistance characterizes approximately half of obese individuals and is a major cause of obesity-mediated diseases such as Type II diabetes, hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. This study makes use of longitudinal quantitative and high-throughput multi-omics (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, glycoproteomics etc.) methodologies on blood samples to develop multigenic and multi-analyte signatures associated with weight gain and insulin resistance. Participants of this study underwent a 30-day period of weight gain via excessive caloric intake followed by a 60-day period of restricted dieting and return to baseline weight. Blood samples were taken at three different time points per patient: baseline, peak-weight and post weight loss. Patients were characterized as either insulin resistant (IR) or insulin sensitive (IS) before having their samples processed via longitudinal multi-omic technologies. This comparative study revealed a wealth of biomolecular changes associated with weight gain after using methods in machine learning, clustering, network analysis etc. Pathways of interest included those involved in lipid remodeling, acute inflammatory response and glucose metabolism. Some of these biomolecules returned to baseline levels as the patient returned to normal weight whilst some remained elevated. IR patients exhibited key differences in inflammatory response regulation in comparison to IS patients at all time points. These signatures suggest differential metabolism and inflammatory pathways between IR and IS patients. Biomolecular differences associated with weight gain and insulin resistance were identified on various levels: in gene expression, epigenetic change, transcriptional regulation and glycosylation. This study was not only able to contribute to new biology that could be of use in preventing or predicting obesity-mediated diseases, but also matured novel biomedical informatics technologies to produce and process data on many comprehensive omics levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title="insulin resistance">insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-omics" title=" multi-omics"> multi-omics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=next%20generation%20sequencing" title=" next generation sequencing"> next generation sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proteogenomics" title=" proteogenomics"> proteogenomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%20ii%20diabetes" title=" type ii diabetes"> type ii diabetes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44670/comprehensive-longitudinal-multi-omic-profiling-in-weight-gain-and-insulin-resistance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> MB-Slam: A Slam Framework for Construction Monitoring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Noghabaei">Mojtaba Noghabaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khashayar%20Asadi"> Khashayar Asadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Han"> Kevin Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) technology has recently attracted the attention of construction companies for real-time performance monitoring. To effectively use SLAM for construction performance monitoring, SLAM results should be registered to a Building Information Models (BIM). Registring SLAM and BIM can provide essential insights for construction managers to identify construction deficiencies in real-time and ultimately reduce rework. Also, registering SLAM to BIM in real-time can boost the accuracy of SLAM since SLAM can use features from both images and 3d models. However, registering SLAM with the BIM in real-time is a challenge. In this study, a novel SLAM platform named Model-Based SLAM (MB-SLAM) is proposed, which not only provides automated registration of SLAM and BIM but also improves the localization accuracy of the SLAM system in real-time. This framework improves the accuracy of SLAM by aligning perspective features such as depth, vanishing points, and vanishing lines from the BIM to the SLAM system. This framework extracts depth features from a monocular camera’s image and improves the localization accuracy of the SLAM system through a real-time iterative process. Initially, SLAM can be used to calculate a rough camera pose for each keyframe. In the next step, each SLAM video sequence keyframe is registered to the BIM in real-time by aligning the keyframe’s perspective with the equivalent BIM view. The alignment method is based on perspective detection that estimates vanishing lines and points by detecting straight edges on images. This process will generate the associated BIM views from the keyframes' views. The calculated poses are later improved during a real-time gradient descent-based iteration method. Two case studies were presented to validate MB-SLAM. The validation process demonstrated promising results and accurately registered SLAM to BIM and significantly improved the SLAM’s localization accuracy. Besides, MB-SLAM achieved real-time performance in both indoor and outdoor environments. The proposed method can fully automate past studies and generate as-built models that are aligned with BIM. The main contribution of this study is a SLAM framework for both research and commercial usage, which aims to monitor construction progress and performance in a unified framework. Through this platform, users can improve the accuracy of the SLAM by providing a rough 3D model of the environment. MB-SLAM further boosts the application to practical usage of the SLAM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perspective%20alignment" title="perspective alignment">perspective alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=progress%20monitoring" title=" progress monitoring"> progress monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slam" title=" slam"> slam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stereo%20matching." title=" stereo matching."> stereo matching.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121384/mb-slam-a-slam-framework-for-construction-monitoring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Reasons and Complexities around Using Alcohol and Other Drugs among Aboriginal People Experiencing Homelessness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandy%20Wilson">Mandy Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20Vieira"> Emma Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jocelyn%20Jones"> Jocelyn Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20V.%20Brown"> Alice V. Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindey%20Andrews"> Lindey Andrews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louise%20Southalan"> Louise Southalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jackie%20Oakley"> Jackie Oakley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorothy%20Bagshaw"> Dorothy Bagshaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Egan"> Patrick Egan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Dent"> Laura Dent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duc%20Dau"> Duc Dau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Spanswick"> Lucy Spanswick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alcohol and drug dependency are pertinent issues for those experiencing homelessness. This includes Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, Australia’s traditional owners, living in Perth, Western Australia (WA). Societal narratives around the drivers behind drug and alcohol dependency in Aboriginal communities, particularly those experiencing homelessness, have been biased and unchanging, with little regard for complexity. This can include the idea that Aboriginal people have ‘chosen’ to use alcohol or other drugs without consideration for intergenerational trauma and the trauma of homelessness that may influence their choices. These narratives have flow-on impacts on policies and services that directly impact Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness. In 2021, we commenced a project which aimed to listen to and elevate the voices of 70-90 Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth. The project is community-driven, led by an Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisation in partnership with a university research institute. A community-ownership group of Aboriginal Elders endorsed the project’s methods, chosen to ensure their suitability for the Aboriginal community. In this paper, we detail these methods, including semi-structured interviews influenced by an Aboriginal yarning approach – an important style of conversation for Aboriginal people which follows cultural protocols; and photovoice – supporting people to share their stories through photography. Through these engagements, we detail the reasons Aboriginal people in Perth shared for using alcohol or other drugs while experiencing homelessness. These included supporting their survival on the streets, managing their mental health, and coping while on the journey to finding support. We also detail why they sought to discontinue alcohol and other drug use, including wanting to reconnect with family and changing priorities. Finally, we share how Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness have said they are impacted by their family’s alcohol and other drug use, including feeling uncomfortable living with a family who is drug and alcohol-dependent and having to care for grandchildren despite their own homelessness. These findings provide a richer understanding of alcohol and drug use for Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth, shedding light on potential changes to targeted policy and service approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20Strait%20Islander%20peoples" title="Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples">Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20and%20other%20drugs" title=" alcohol and other drugs"> alcohol and other drugs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-led%20research" title=" community-led research"> community-led research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156581/reasons-and-complexities-around-using-alcohol-and-other-drugs-among-aboriginal-people-experiencing-homelessness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Traumatic Brain Injury in Cameroon: A Prospective Observational Study in a Level 1 Trauma Centre</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franklin%20Chu%20Buh">Franklin Chu Buh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irene%20Ule%20Ngole%20Sumbele"> Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20I.%20R.%20Maas"> Andrew I. R. Maas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathieu%20Motah"> Mathieu Motah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jogi%20V.%20Pattisapu"> Jogi V. Pattisapu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Youm"> Eric Youm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basil%20Kum%20Meh"> Basil Kum Meh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Firas%20H.%20Kobeissy"> Firas H. Kobeissy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20W.%20Wang"> Kevin W. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20J.%20A.%20Hutchinson"> Peter J. A. Hutchinson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Germain%20Sotoing%20Taiwe"> Germain Sotoing Taiwe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Studying TBI characteristics and their relation to outcomes can identify initiatives to improve TBI prevention and care. The objective of this study was to define the features and outcomes of TBI patients seen over a 1-year period in a level-I trauma center in Cameroon. Methods: Data on demographics, causes, injury mechanisms, clinical aspects, and discharge status were prospectively collected over a period of 12 months. The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire after Brain Injury (QoLIBRI) were used to evaluate outcomes 6-months after TBI. Categorical variables were described as frequencies and percentages. Comparisons between 2 categorical variables were done using Pearson's Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Results: A total of 160 TBI patients participated in the study. The age group 15-45 years (78%; 125) was most represented. Males were more affected (90%; 144). Low educational level was recorded in 122 (76%) cases. Road traffic incidents (RTI) were the main cause of TBI (85%), with professional bike riders being frequently involved (27%, 43/160). Assaults (7.5%) and falls (2.5%) represent the second and third most common causes of TBI in Cameroon, respectively. Only 15 patients were transported to the hospital by ambulance, and 14 of these were from a referring hospital. CT-imaging was performed in 78% (125/160) of cases intracranial traumatic abnormality was identified in 77/125 (64%) cases. Financial constraints were the main reason for not performing a CT scan on 35 patients. A total of 46 (33%) patients were discharged against medical advice (DAMA) due to financial constraints. Mortality was 14% (22/160) but disproportionately high in patients with severe TBI (46%). DAMA had poor outcomes with QoLIBRI. Only 4 patients received post-injury physiotherapy services. Conclusion: TBI in Cameroon mainly results from RTIs and commonly affects young adult males, and low educational or socioeconomic status and commercial bike riding appear to be predisposing factors. Lack of pre-hospital care, financial constraints limiting both CT-scanning and medical care, and lack of acute physiotherapy services likely influenced care and outcomes adversely. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics" title="characteristics">characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traumatic%20brain%20injury" title=" traumatic brain injury"> traumatic brain injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outcome" title=" outcome"> outcome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disparities%20in%20care" title=" disparities in care"> disparities in care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prospective%20study" title=" prospective study"> prospective study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156536/traumatic-brain-injury-in-cameroon-a-prospective-observational-study-in-a-level-1-trauma-centre" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Nanoporous Metals Reinforced with Fullerenes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deni%CC%87z%20Ezgi%CC%87%20G%C3%BClmez">Deni̇z Ezgi̇ Gülmez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesut%20Kirca"> Mesut Kirca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanoporous (np) metals have attracted considerable attention owing to their cellular morphological features at atomistic scale which yield ultra-high specific surface area awarding a great potential to be employed in diverse applications such as catalytic, electrocatalytic, sensing, mechanical and optical. As one of the carbon based nanostructures, fullerenes are also another type of outstanding nanomaterials that have been extensively investigated due to their remarkable chemical, mechanical and optical properties. In this study, the idea of improving the mechanical behavior of nanoporous metals by inclusion of the fullerenes, which offers a new metal-carbon nanocomposite material, is examined and discussed. With this motivation, tensile mechanical behavior of nanoporous metals reinforced with carbon fullerenes is investigated by classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Atomistic models of the nanoporous metals with ultrathin ligaments are obtained through a stochastic process simply based on the intersection of spherical volumes which has been used previously in literature. According to this technique, the atoms within the ensemble of intersecting spherical volumes is removed from the pristine solid block of the selected metal, which results in porous structures with spherical cells. Following this, fullerene units are added into the cellular voids to obtain final atomistic configurations for the numerical tensile tests. Several numerical specimens are prepared with different number of fullerenes per cell and with varied fullerene sizes. LAMMPS code was used to perform classical MD simulations to conduct uniaxial tension experiments on np models filled by fullerenes. The interactions between the metal atoms are modeled by using embedded atomic method (EAM) while adaptive intermolecular reactive empirical bond order (AIREBO) potential is employed for the interaction of carbon atoms. Furthermore, atomic interactions between the metal and carbon atoms are represented by Lennard-Jones potential with appropriate parameters. In conclusion, the ultimate goal of the study is to present the effects of fullerenes embedded into the cellular structure of np metals on the tensile response of the porous metals. The results are believed to be informative and instructive for the experimentalists to synthesize hybrid nanoporous materials with improved properties and multifunctional characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fullerene" title="fullerene">fullerene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intersecting%20spheres" title=" intersecting spheres"> intersecting spheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamic" title=" molecular dynamic"> molecular dynamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoporous%20metals" title=" nanoporous metals"> nanoporous metals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47462/nanoporous-metals-reinforced-with-fullerenes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> A Look into Surgical Site Infections: Impact of Collective Interventions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Bennett">Lisa Bennett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Walters"> Cynthia Walters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Argani"> Cynthia Argani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Satin"> Andy Satin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geeta%20Sood"> Geeta Sood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerri%20Huber"> Kerri Huber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Grubb"> Lisa Grubb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woodrow%20Noble"> Woodrow Noble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melissa%20Eichelberger"> Melissa Eichelberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darlene%20Zinalabedini"> Darlene Zinalabedini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Ausby"> Eric Ausby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeffrey%20Snyder"> Jeffrey Snyder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Kirchoff"> Kevin Kirchoff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) within the obstetric population pose a variety of complications, creating clinical and personal challenges for the new mother and her neonate during the postpartum period. Our journey to achieve compliance with the SSI core measure for cesarean sections revealed many opportunities to improve these outcomes. Objective: Achieve and sustain core measure compliance keeping surgical site infection rates below the national benchmark pooled mean of 1.8% in post-operative patients, who delivered via cesarean section at the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. Methods: A root cause analysis was performed and revealed several environmental, pharmacologic, and clinical practice opportunities for improvement. A multidisciplinary approach led by the OB Safety Nurse, OB Medical Director, and Infectious Disease Department resulted in the implementation of fourteen interventions over a twenty-month period. Interventions included: post-operative dressing changes, standardizing operating room attire, broadening pre-operative antibiotics, initiating vaginal preps, improving operating room terminal cleaning, testing air quality, and re-educating scrub technicians on technique. Results: Prior to the implementation of our interventions, the SSI quarterly rate in Obstetrics peaked at 6.10%. Although no single intervention resulted in dramatic improvement, after implementation of all fourteen interventions, the quarterly SSI rate has subsequently ranged from to 0.0% to 2.70%. Significance: Taking an introspective look at current practices can reveal opportunities for improvement which previously were not considered. Collectively the benefit of these interventions has shown a significant decrease in surgical site infection rates. The impact of this quality improvement project highlights the synergy created when members of the multidisciplinary team work in collaboration to improve patient safety, and achieve a high quality of care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title="cesarean section">cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20site%20infection" title=" surgical site infection"> surgical site infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration%20and%20teamwork" title=" collaboration and teamwork"> collaboration and teamwork</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20safety" title=" patient safety"> patient safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20improvement" title=" quality improvement"> quality improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35074/a-look-into-surgical-site-infections-impact-of-collective-interventions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Poultry in Motion: Text Mining Social Media Data for Avian Influenza Surveillance in the UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Munaf">Samuel Munaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Swingler"> Kevin Swingler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franz%20Br%C3%BClisauer"> Franz Brülisauer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20O%E2%80%99Hare"> Anthony O’Hare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Gunn"> George Gunn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aaron%20Reeves"> Aaron Reeves</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Avian influenza, more commonly known as Bird flu, is a viral zoonotic respiratory disease stemming from various species of poultry, including pets and migratory birds. Researchers have purported that the accessibility of health information online, in addition to the low-cost data collection methods the internet provides, has revolutionized the methods in which epidemiological and disease surveillance data is utilized. This paper examines the feasibility of using internet data sources, such as Twitter and livestock forums, for the early detection of the avian flu outbreak, through the use of text mining algorithms and social network analysis. Methods: Social media mining was conducted on Twitter between the period of 01/01/2021 to 31/12/2021 via the Twitter API in Python. The results were filtered firstly by hashtags (#avianflu, #birdflu), word occurrences (avian flu, bird flu, H5N1), and then refined further by location to include only those results from within the UK. Analysis was conducted on this text in a time-series manner to determine keyword frequencies and topic modeling to uncover insights in the text prior to a confirmed outbreak. Further analysis was performed by examining clinical signs (e.g., swollen head, blue comb, dullness) within the time series prior to the confirmed avian flu outbreak by the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA). Results: The increased search results in Google and avian flu-related tweets showed a correlation in time with the confirmed cases. Topic modeling uncovered clusters of word occurrences relating to livestock biosecurity, disposal of dead birds, and prevention measures. Conclusions: Text mining social media data can prove to be useful in relation to analysing discussed topics for epidemiological surveillance purposes, especially given the lack of applied research in the veterinary domain. The small sample size of tweets for certain weekly time periods makes it difficult to provide statistically plausible results, in addition to a great amount of textual noise in the data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20epidemiology" title="veterinary epidemiology">veterinary epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20surveillance" title=" disease surveillance"> disease surveillance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infodemiology" title=" infodemiology"> infodemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infoveillance" title=" infoveillance"> infoveillance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avian%20influenza" title=" avian influenza"> avian influenza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148887/poultry-in-motion-text-mining-social-media-data-for-avian-influenza-surveillance-in-the-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> A Service Evaluation Exploring the Effectiveness of a Tier 3 Weight Management Programme Offering Face-To-Face and Remote Dietetic Support</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosemary%20E.%20Huntriss">Rosemary E. Huntriss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Jones"> Lucy Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obesity and excess weight continue to be significant health problems in England. Traditional weight management programmes offer face-to-face support or group education. Remote care is recognised as a viable means of support; however, its effectiveness has not previously been evaluated in a tier 3 weight management setting. This service evaluation explored the effectiveness of online coaching, telephone support, and face-to-face support as optional management strategies within a tier 3 weight management programme. Outcome data were collected for adults with a BMI ≥ 45 or ≥ 40 with complex comorbidity who were referred to a Tier 3 weight management programme from January 2018 and had been discharged before October 2018. Following an initial 45-minute consultation with a specialist weight management dietitian, patients were offered a choice of follow-up support in the form of online coaching supported by an app (8 x 15 minutes coaching), face-to-face or telephone appointments (4 x 30 minutes). All patients were invited to a final 30-minute face-to-face assessment. The planned intervention time was between 12 and 24 weeks. Patients were offered access to adjunct face-to-face or telephone psychological support. One hundred and thirty-nine patients were referred into the programme from January 2018 and discharged before October 2018. One hundred and twenty-four patients (89%) attended their initial assessment. Out of those who attended their initial assessment, 110 patients (88.0%) completed more than half of the programme and 77 patients (61.6%) completed all sessions. The average length of the completed programme (all sessions) was 17.2 (SD 4.2) weeks. Eighty-five (68.5%) patients were coached online, 28 (22.6%) patients were supported face-to-face support, and 11 (8.9%) chose telephone support. Two patients changed from online coaching to face-to-face support due to personal preference and were included in the face-to-face group for analysis. For those with data available (n=106), average weight loss across the programme was 4.85 (SD 3.49)%; average weight loss was 4.70 (SD 3.19)% for online coaching, 4.83 (SD 4.13)% for face-to-face support, and 6.28 (SD 4.15)% for telephone support. There was no significant difference between weight loss achieved with face-to-face vs. online coaching (4.83 (SD 4.13)% vs 4.70 (SD 3.19) (p=0.87) or face-to-face vs. remote support (online coaching and telephone support combined) (4.83 (SD 4.13)% vs 4.85 (SD 3.30)%) (p=0.98). Remote support has been shown to be as effective as face-to-face support provided by a dietitian in the short-term within a tier 3 weight management setting. The completion rates were high compared with another tier 3 weight management services suggesting that offering remote support as an option may improve completion rates within a weight management service. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietitian" title="dietitian">dietitian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20health" title=" digital health"> digital health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20management" title=" weight management"> weight management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105481/a-service-evaluation-exploring-the-effectiveness-of-a-tier-3-weight-management-programme-offering-face-to-face-and-remote-dietetic-support" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Celebrating Community Heritage through the People’s Collection Wales: A Case Study in the Development of Collecting Traditions and Engagement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gruffydd%20E.%20Jones">Gruffydd E. Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The world’s largest collection of historical, cultural, and heritage material is unarchived and undocumented in the hands of the public. Not only does this material represent the missing collections in heritage sector archives today, but it is also the key to providing a diverse range of communities with the means to express their history in their own words and to celebrate their unique, personal heritage. The People’s Collection Wales (PCW) acts as a platform on which the heritage of Wales and her people can be collated and shared, at the heart of which is a thriving community engagement programme across a network of museums, archives, and libraries. By providing communities with the archival skillset commonly employed throughout the heritage sector, PCW enables local projects, societies, and individuals to express their understanding of local heritage with their own voices, empowering communities to embrace their diverse and complex identities around Wales. Drawing on key examples from the project’s history, this paper will demonstrate the successful way in which museums have been developed as hubs for community engagement where the public was at the heart of collection and documentation activities, informing collection and curatorial policies to benefit both the institute and its local community. This paper will also highlight how collections from marginalised, under-represented, and minority communities have been published and celebrated extensively around Wales, including adoption by the education system in classrooms today. Any activity within the heritage sector, whether of collection, preservation, digitisation, or accessibility, should be considerate of community engagement opportunities not only to remain relevant but in order to develop as community hubs, pivots around which local heritage is supported and preserved. Attention will be drawn to our digitisation workflow, which, through training and support from museums and libraries, has allowed the public not only to become involved but to actively lead the contemporary evolution of documentation strategies in Wales. This paper will demonstrate how the PCW online access archive is promoting museum collections, encouraging user interaction, and providing an invaluable platform on which a broader community can inform, preserve and celebrate their cultural heritage through their own archival material too. The continuing evolution of heritage engagement depends wholly on placing communities at the heart of the sector, recognising their wealth of cultural knowledge, and developing the archival skillset necessary for them to become archival practitioners of their own. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20history" title="social history">social history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title=" cultural heritage"> cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20heritage" title=" community heritage"> community heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museums" title=" museums"> museums</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archives" title=" archives"> archives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=libraries" title=" libraries"> libraries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20engagement" title=" community engagement"> community engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20history" title=" oral history"> oral history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20archives" title=" community archives"> community archives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164042/celebrating-community-heritage-through-the-peoples-collection-wales-a-case-study-in-the-development-of-collecting-traditions-and-engagement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Surface Elevation Dynamics Assessment Using Digital Elevation Models, Light Detection and Ranging, GPS and Geospatial Information Science Analysis: Ecosystem Modelling Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20K.%20M.%20Al-Nasrawi">Ali K. M. Al-Nasrawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uday%20A.%20Al-Hamdany"> Uday A. Al-Hamdany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20M.%20Hamylton"> Sarah M. Hamylton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20G.%20Jones"> Brian G. Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasir%20M.%20Alyazichi"> Yasir M. Alyazichi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surface elevation dynamics have always responded to disturbance regimes. Creating Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) to detect surface dynamics has led to the development of several methods, devices and data clouds. DEMs can provide accurate and quick results with cost efficiency, in comparison to the inherited geomatics survey techniques. Nowadays, remote sensing datasets have become a primary source to create DEMs, including LiDAR point clouds with GIS analytic tools. However, these data need to be tested for error detection and correction. This paper evaluates various DEMs from different data sources over time for Apple Orchard Island, a coastal site in southeastern Australia, in order to detect surface dynamics. Subsequently, 30 chosen locations were examined in the field to test the error of the DEMs surface detection using high resolution <em>global positioning systems</em> (GPSs). Results show significant surface elevation changes on Apple Orchard Island. Accretion occurred on most of the island while surface elevation loss due to erosion is limited to the northern and southern parts. Concurrently, the projected differential correction and validation method aimed to identify errors in the dataset. The resultant DEMs demonstrated a small error ratio (≤ 3%) from the gathered datasets when compared with the fieldwork survey using RTK-GPS. As modern modelling approaches need to become more effective and accurate, applying several tools to create different DEMs on a multi-temporal scale would allow easy predictions in time-cost-frames with more comprehensive coverage and greater accuracy. With a DEM technique for the eco-geomorphic context, such insights about the ecosystem dynamic detection, at such a coastal intertidal system, would be valuable to assess the accuracy of the predicted eco-geomorphic risk for the conservation management sustainability. Demonstrating this framework to evaluate the historical and current anthropogenic and environmental stressors on coastal surface elevation dynamism could be profitably applied worldwide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEMs" title="DEMs">DEMs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-geomorphic-dynamic%20processes" title=" eco-geomorphic-dynamic processes"> eco-geomorphic-dynamic processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial%20Information%20Science" title=" geospatial Information Science"> geospatial Information Science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20elevation%20changes" title=" surface elevation changes"> surface elevation changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59124/surface-elevation-dynamics-assessment-using-digital-elevation-models-light-detection-and-ranging-gps-and-geospatial-information-science-analysis-ecosystem-modelling-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> The Functions of Spatial Structure in Supporting Socialization in Urban Parks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navid%20Nasrolah%20Mazandarani">Navid Nasrolah Mazandarani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faezeh%20Mohammadi%20Tahrodi"> Faezeh Mohammadi Tahrodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jr."> Jr.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norshida%20Ujang"> Norshida Ujang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Jan%20Pech"> Richard Jan Pech</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human evolution has designed us to be dependent on social and natural settings, but designed of our modern cities often ignore this fact. It is evident that high-rise buildings dominate most metropolitan city centers. As a result urban parks are very limited and in many cases are not socially responsive to our social needs in these urban ‘jungles’. This paper emphasizes the functions of urban morphology in supporting socialization in Lake Garden, one of the main urban parks in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It discusses two relevant theories; first the concept of users’ experience coined by Kevin Lynch (1960) which states that way-finding is related to the process of forming mental maps of environmental surroundings. Second, the concept of social activity coined by Jan Gehl (1987) which holds that urban public spaces can be more attractive when they provide welcoming places in which people can walk around and spend time. Until recently, research on socio-spatial behavior mainly focused on social ties, place attachment and human well-being; with less focus on the spatial dimension of social behavior. This paper examines the socio-spatial behavior within the spatial structure of the urban park by exploring the relationship between way-finding and social activity. The urban structures defined by the paths and nodes were analyzed as the fundamental topological structure of space to understand their effects on the social engagement pattern. The study uses a photo questionnaire survey to inspect the spatial dimension in relation to the social activities within paths and nodes. To understand the legibility of the park, spatial cognition was evaluated using sketch maps produced by 30 participants who visited the park. The results of the sketch mapping indicated that a spatial image has a strong interrelation with socio-spatial behavior. Moreover, an integrated spatial structure of the park generated integrated use and social activity. It was found that people recognized and remembered the spaces where they engaged in social activities. They could experience the park more thoroughly, when they found their way continuously through an integrated park structure. Therefore, the benefits of both perceptual and social dimensions of planning and design happened simultaneously. The findings can assist urban planners and designers to redevelop urban parks by considering the social quality design that contributes to clear mental images of these places. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20structure" title="spatial structure">spatial structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20activities" title=" social activities"> social activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sketch%20map" title=" sketch map"> sketch map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20park" title=" urban park"> urban park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=way-finding" title=" way-finding"> way-finding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43433/the-functions-of-spatial-structure-in-supporting-socialization-in-urban-parks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43433.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Osseointegration Outcomes Following Amputee Lengthening</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Hoellwarth">Jason Hoellwarth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atiya%20Oomatia"> Atiya Oomatia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuj%20Chavan"> Anuj Chavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Tetsworth"> Kevin Tetsworth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munjed%20Al%20Muderis"> Munjed Al Muderis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Percutaneous EndoProsthetic Osseointegration for Limbs (PEPOL) facilitates improved quality of life (QOL) and objective mobility for most amputees discontent with their traditional socket prosthesis (TSP) experience. Some amputees desiring PEPOL have residual bone much shorter than the currently marketed press-fit implant lengths of 14-16 cm, potentially a risk for failure to integrate. We report on the techniques used, complications experienced, the management of those complications, and the overall mobility outcomes of seven patients who had femur distraction osteogenesis (DO) with a Freedom nail followed by PEPOL. Method: Retrospective evaluation of a prospectively maintained database identified nine patients (5 females) who had transfemoral DO in preparation for PEPOL with two years of follow-up after PEPOL. Six patients had traumatic causes of amputation, one had perinatal complications, one was performed to manage necrotizing fasciitis and one was performed as a result of osteosarcoma. Result: The average age at which DO commenced was 39.4±15.9 years, and seven patients had their amputation more than ten years prior (average 25.5±18.8 years). The residual femurs, on average, started at 102.2±39.7 mm and were lengthened 58.1±20.7 mm, 98±45% of the goal (99±161% of the original bone length). Five patients (56%) had a complication requiring additional surgery: four events of inadequate regeneration were managed with continued lengthening to the desired goal followed by autograft placement harvested from contralateral femur reaming; one patient had the cerclage wires break, which required operative replacement. All patients had osseointegration performed at 355±123 days after the initial lengthening nail surgery. One patient had K-level >2 before DO, at a mean of 3.4±0.6 (2.6-4.4) years following osseointegration. Six patients had K-level >2. The 6-Minute Walk Test remained unchanged (267±56 vs. 308 ± 117 meters). Patient self-rating of prosthesis function, problems, and amputee situation did not significantly change from before DO to after osseointegration. Six patients required additional surgery following osseointegration: six to remove fixation plates placed to maintain distraction osteogenesis length at osseointegration; two required irritation and debridement for infection. Conclusion: Extremely short residual femurs, which make TSP use troublesome, can be lengthened with externally controlled telescoping nails and successfully achieve osseointegration. However, it is imperative to counsel patients that additional surgery to address inadequate regeneration or to remove painful hardware used to maintain fixation may be necessary. This may improve the amputee’s expectations before beginning a potentially arduous process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osseointegration" title="osseointegration">osseointegration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limb%20lengthening" title=" limb lengthening"> limb lengthening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amputation" title=" amputation"> amputation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168461/osseointegration-outcomes-following-amputee-lengthening" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Teenage Pregnancy: The Unmet Needs of Female Adolescents in Uganda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Weller%20Jones">M. Weller Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Moffat"> J. Moffat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Taylor"> J. Taylor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Hartland"> J. Hartland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Natarajan"> M. Natarajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Uganda’s teenage pregnancy rate remains a significant problem for female and maternal health in the country. Teenage pregnancy is linked to higher rates of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, including preterm labour, obstructed labour, vesicovaginal fistulae, infections, and maternal mental health morbidity. In 2015, the National Strategy to End Child Marriage and Teenage Pregnancy was launched in Uganda. Research is needed so that the interventions in this Strategy can be effectively applied at a local level. This study at Kitovu and Villa Maria Hospitals, two local community hospitals near Masaka, Uganda, aimed to measure change in the local teenage pregnancy rate over the past 5 years; and to explore the awareness and attitudes of teenagers and healthcare professionals towards 1) teenage pregnancy and, 2) the challenges female adolescents still currently face. Method: Teenage delivery rate, type of delivery, incidence of complications in labour and neonatal and maternal outcomes were collected from the labour ward admission books, at both hospitals, for a six month time period in 2011 and 2016. At Kitovu Hospital, qualitative data regarding the experience of, and attitudes towards teenage pregnancy was collected from interviews conducted with 12 maternity staff members and with eight female teenagers, aged 16-19, who were pregnant or post-partum. Results: The proportion of total births to teenage mothers fell from 14% in 2011 to 7% in 2016 (Kitovu), but it remains higher in rural locations (19%, Villa Maria). Beliefs about exacerbating factors included: poor access to contraception; misconceptions that contraception is damaging to women’s health; failing sex education in schools; and poor awareness of national campaigns to reduce teenage pregnancy. Staff felt that the best way to tackle teenage pregnancy was to improve sex education in schools and to sensitise families to these issues. Six of the eight teenagers wanted more frequent sex education and easier, cheap access to contraception. Only one teenager saw positive consequences stating that teenage pregnancy would ‘avoid operations later in life.’ Discussion: Teenage pregnancy is a recognised problem and strategies in the Masaka region should focus on improving sex education in schools and initiating an organisation that educates and supplies free contraception to teenagers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title=" attitudes"> attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teenage%20pregnancy" title=" teenage pregnancy"> teenage pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uganda" title=" Uganda"> Uganda</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79552/teenage-pregnancy-the-unmet-needs-of-female-adolescents-in-uganda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> The Use of Information and Communication Technology within and between Emergency Medical Teams during a Disaster: A Qualitative study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badryah%20Alshehri">Badryah Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Gormley"> Kevin Gormley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gillian%20Prue"> Gillian Prue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20McCutcheon"> Karen McCutcheon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a disaster event, sharing patient information between the pre-hospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and Emergency Department (ED) hospitals is a complex process during which important information may be altered or lost due to poor communication. The aim of this study was to critically discuss the current evidence base in relation to communication between pre- EMS hospital and ED hospital professionals by the use of Information and Communication Systems (ICT). This study followed the systematic approach; six electronic databases were searched: CINAHL, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library were comprehensively searched in January 2018 and a second search was completed in April 2020 to capture more recent publications. The study selection process was undertaken independently by the study authors. Both qualitative and quantitative studies were chosen that focused on factors that are positively or negatively associated with coordinated communication between pre-hospital EMS and ED teams in a disaster event. These studies were assessed for quality, and the data were analyzed according to the key screening themes which emerged from the literature search. Twenty-two studies were included. Eleven studies employed quantitative methods, seven studies used qualitative methods, and four studies used mixed methods. Four themes emerged on communication between EMTs (pre-hospital EMS and ED staff) in a disaster event using the ICT. (1) Disaster preparedness plans and coordination. This theme reported that disaster plans are in place in hospitals, and in some cases, there are interagency agreements with pre-hospital and relevant stakeholders. However, the findings showed that the disaster plans highlighted in these studies lacked information regarding coordinated communications within and between the pre-hospital and hospital. (2) Communication systems used in the disaster. This theme highlighted that although various communication systems are used between and within hospitals and pre-hospitals, technical issues have influenced communication between teams during disasters. (3) Integrated information management systems. This theme suggested the need for an integrated health information system that can help pre-hospital and hospital staff to record patient data and ensure the data is shared. (4) Disaster training and drills. While some studies analyzed disaster drills and training, the majority of these studies were focused on hospital departments other than EMTs. These studies suggest the need for simulation disaster training and drills, including EMTs. This review demonstrates that considerable gaps remain in the understanding of the communication between the EMS and ED hospital staff in relation to response in disasters. The review shows that although different types of ICTs are used, various issues remain which affect coordinated communication among the relevant professionals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20medical%20teams" title="emergency medical teams">emergency medical teams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technologies" title=" information and communication technologies"> information and communication technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster" title=" disaster"> disaster</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116461/the-use-of-information-and-communication-technology-within-and-between-emergency-medical-teams-during-a-disaster-a-qualitative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Predictive Modelling of Curcuminoid Bioaccessibility as a Function of Food Formulation and Associated Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20De%20Castro%20Cogle">Kevin De Castro Cogle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirian%20Kubo"> Mirian Kubo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Anastasiadi"> Maria Anastasiadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fady%20Mohareb"> Fady Mohareb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Rossi"> Claire Rossi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds is a critical determinant of the nutritional quality of various food products. Despite its importance, there is a limited number of comprehensive studies aimed at assessing how the composition of a food matrix influences the bioaccessibility of a compound of interest. This knowledge gap has prompted a growing need to investigate the intricate relationship between food matrix formulations and the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds. One such class of bioactive compounds that has attracted considerable attention is curcuminoids. These naturally occurring phytochemicals, extracted from the roots of Curcuma longa, have gained popularity owing to their purported health benefits and also well known for their poor bioaccessibility Project aim: The primary objective of this research project is to systematically assess the influence of matrix composition on the bioaccessibility of curcuminoids. Additionally, this study aimed to develop a series of predictive models for bioaccessibility, providing valuable insights for optimising the formula for functional foods and provide more descriptive nutritional information to potential consumers. Methods: Food formulations enriched with curcuminoids were subjected to in vitro digestion simulation, and their bioaccessibility was characterized with chromatographic and spectrophotometric techniques. The resulting data served as the foundation for the development of predictive models capable of estimating bioaccessibility based on specific physicochemical properties of the food matrices. Results: One striking finding of this study was the strong correlation observed between the concentration of macronutrients within the food formulations and the bioaccessibility of curcuminoids. In fact, macronutrient content emerged as a very informative explanatory variable of bioaccessibility and was used, alongside other variables, as predictors in a Bayesian hierarchical model that predicted curcuminoid bioaccessibility accurately (optimisation performance of 0.97 R2) for the majority of cross-validated test formulations (LOOCV of 0.92 R2). These preliminary results open the door to further exploration, enabling researchers to investigate a broader spectrum of food matrix types and additional properties that may influence bioaccessibility. Conclusions: This research sheds light on the intricate interplay between food matrix composition and the bioaccessibility of curcuminoids. This study lays a foundation for future investigations, offering a promising avenue for advancing our understanding of bioactive compound bioaccessibility and its implications for the food industry and informed consumer choices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20bioaccessibility" title="bioactive bioaccessibility">bioactive bioaccessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20formulation" title=" food formulation"> food formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20matrix" title=" food matrix"> food matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probabilistic%20modelling" title=" probabilistic modelling"> probabilistic modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173060/predictive-modelling-of-curcuminoid-bioaccessibility-as-a-function-of-food-formulation-and-associated-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Educational Challenges: Cultural Behaviours, Psychopathology and Psychological Intervention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Figueiredo">Sandra Figueiredo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandra%20Pereira"> Alexandra Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20%20Oliveira"> Ana Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idia%20Brito"> Idia Brito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivaniltan%20Jones"> Ivaniltan Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joana%20Moreira"> Joana Moreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madalena%20Silva"> Madalena Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Para%C3%ADba"> Maria Paraíba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milene%20Silva"> Milene Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%C3%A2nia%20Pinho"> Tânia Pinho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present society, we are facing behaviours mainly in young individuals that might be considered trends of culture or psychopathology. Both contexts are challenges for Education, Psychology and Health. This paper examines nine case studies specifically in Educational Psychology with the main goal to identify and define phenomena contexts in school culture, the psychopathology involved and to present a psychological intervention for each case. The research was conducted by university students in the period of March 2017-June 2017, in Portugal, and the childhood was focused. The case studies explored the cyberbullying; the bullying - victims and bullies’ perspectives; the obsessive compulsive disorder; perception and inclusion of children from homoparental families; inclusion of foreign students in the higher education system; blindness and the inclusion in physical curricular activities; influence of doc-reality and media in attitudes and self-esteem; and the morningness and eveningness types learning in the same school timetables. The university students were supervised during their research analysis and two methods were available for the intervention research study: the meta-analysis and the empirical study. In the second phase, the pedagogical intervention was designed for the different educational contexts in analysis, especially concerning the school environments. The evidence of literature and the empirical studies showed new trends of school’ behaviours and educational disturbances that require further research and effective (and adequate to age, gender, nationality and culture) pedagogical instruments. Respecting the instruments, on the one hand, to identify behaviors, habits or pathologies and highlight the role and training of teachers, psychologists and health professionals, on the other hand, to promote the early intervention and to enhance healthy child development and orientation of the families. To respond to both milestones, this paper present nine pedagogical techniques and measures that will be discussed on their impact concerning advances for the psychological and educational intervention, centered in the individual and in the new generations of family’ cultures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviour" title="behaviour">behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture%20trends" title=" culture trends"> culture trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20intervention" title=" educational intervention"> educational intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychopathology" title=" psychopathology"> psychopathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obsessive%20compulsive%20disorder" title=" obsessive compulsive disorder"> obsessive compulsive disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyberbullying" title=" cyberbullying"> cyberbullying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bullying" title=" bullying"> bullying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homoparental%20families" title=" homoparental families"> homoparental families</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20influence" title=" sleep influence"> sleep influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blindness%20and%20sports%20at%20school" title=" blindness and sports at school"> blindness and sports at school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion%20of%20foreign%20students" title=" inclusion of foreign students"> inclusion of foreign students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20influence%20in%20behaviour" title=" media influence in behaviour"> media influence in behaviour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76294/educational-challenges-cultural-behaviours-psychopathology-and-psychological-intervention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Renewable Natural Gas Production from Biomass and Applications in Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Alamolhoda">Sarah Alamolhoda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20J.%20Smith"> Kevin J. Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaotao%20Bi"> Xiaotao Bi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naoko%20Ellis"> Naoko Ellis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For millennials, biomass has been the most important source of fuel used to produce energy. Energy derived from biomass is renewable by re-growth of biomass. Various technologies are used to convert biomass to potential renewable products including combustion, gasification, pyrolysis and fermentation. Gasification is the incomplete combustion of biomass in a controlled environment that results in valuable products such as syngas, biooil and biochar. Syngas is a combustible gas consisting of hydrogen (H₂), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and traces of methane (CH₄) and nitrogen (N₂). Cleaned syngas can be used as a turbine fuel to generate electricity, raw material for hydrogen and synthetic natural gas production, or as the anode gas of solid oxide fuel cells. In this work, syngas as a product of woody biomass gasification in British Columbia, Canada, was introduced to two consecutive fixed bed reactors to perform a catalytic water gas shift reaction followed by a catalytic methanation reaction. The water gas shift reaction is a well-established industrial process and used to increase the hydrogen content of the syngas before the methanation process. Catalysts were used in the process since both reactions are reversible exothermic, and thermodynamically preferred at lower temperatures while kinetically favored at elevated temperatures. The water gas shift reactor and the methanation reactor were packed with Cu-based catalyst and Ni-based catalyst, respectively. Simulated syngas with different percentages of CO, H₂, CH₄, and CO₂ were fed to the reactors to investigate the effect of operating conditions in the unit. The water gas shift reaction experiments were done in the temperature of 150 ˚C to 200 ˚C, and the pressure of 550 kPa to 830 kPa. Similarly, methanation experiments were run in the temperature of 300 ˚C to 400 ˚C, and the pressure of 2340 kPa to 3450 kPa. The Methanation reaction reached 98% of CO conversion at 340 ˚C and 3450 kPa, in which more than half of CO was converted to CH₄. Increasing the reaction temperature caused reduction in the CO conversion and increase in the CH₄ selectivity. The process was designed to be renewable and release low greenhouse gas emissions. Syngas is a clean burning fuel, however by going through water gas shift reaction, toxic CO was removed, and hydrogen as a green fuel was produced. Moreover, in the methanation process, the syngas energy was transformed to a fuel with higher energy density (per volume) leading to reduction in the amount of required fuel that flows through the equipment and improvement in the process efficiency. Natural gas is about 3.5 times more efficient (energy/ volume) than hydrogen and easier to store and transport. When modification of existing infrastructure is not practical, the partial conversion of renewable hydrogen to natural gas (with up to 15% hydrogen content), the efficiency would be preserved while greenhouse gas emission footprint is eliminated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20natural%20gas" title="renewable natural gas">renewable natural gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane" title=" methane"> methane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gasification" title=" gasification"> gasification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syngas" title=" syngas"> syngas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalysis" title=" catalysis"> catalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel" title=" fuel"> fuel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164317/renewable-natural-gas-production-from-biomass-and-applications-in-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Covid Medical Imaging Trial: Utilising Artificial Intelligence to Identify Changes on Chest X-Ray of COVID</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leonard%20Tiong">Leonard Tiong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonit%20Singh"> Sonit Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Ho%20Shon"> Kevin Ho Shon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Lewis"> Sarah Lewis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Investigation into the use of artificial intelligence in radiology continues to develop at a rapid rate. During the coronavirus pandemic, the combination of an exponential increase in chest x-rays and unpredictable staff shortages resulted in a huge strain on the department's workload. There is a World Health Organisation estimate that two-thirds of the global population does not have access to diagnostic radiology. Therefore, there could be demand for a program that could detect acute changes in imaging compatible with infection to assist with screening. We generated a conventional neural network and tested its efficacy in recognizing changes compatible with coronavirus infection. Following ethics approval, a deidentified set of 77 normal and 77 abnormal chest x-rays in patients with confirmed coronavirus infection were used to generate an algorithm that could train, validate and then test itself. DICOM and PNG image formats were selected due to their lossless file format. The model was trained with 100 images (50 positive, 50 negative), validated against 28 samples (14 positive, 14 negative), and tested against 26 samples (13 positive, 13 negative). The initial training of the model involved training a conventional neural network in what constituted a normal study and changes on the x-rays compatible with coronavirus infection. The weightings were then modified, and the model was executed again. The training samples were in batch sizes of 8 and underwent 25 epochs of training. The results trended towards an 85.71% true positive/true negative detection rate and an area under the curve trending towards 0.95, indicating approximately 95% accuracy in detecting changes on chest X-rays compatible with coronavirus infection. Study limitations include access to only a small dataset and no specificity in the diagnosis. Following a discussion with our programmer, there are areas where modifications in the weighting of the algorithm can be made in order to improve the detection rates. Given the high detection rate of the program, and the potential ease of implementation, this would be effective in assisting staff that is not trained in radiology in detecting otherwise subtle changes that might not be appreciated on imaging. Limitations include the lack of a differential diagnosis and application of the appropriate clinical history, although this may be less of a problem in day-to-day clinical practice. It is nonetheless our belief that implementing this program and widening its scope to detecting multiple pathologies such as lung masses will greatly assist both the radiology department and our colleagues in increasing workflow and detection rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID" title=" COVID"> COVID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158673/covid-medical-imaging-trial-utilising-artificial-intelligence-to-identify-changes-on-chest-x-ray-of-covid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Struggles of Non-Binary People in an Organizational Setting in Iceland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Henry">Kevin Henry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: This research identifies the main struggles of non-binary people in an organizational setting using the ZMET – method of in-depth interviews. The research was done in Iceland, a country that is repeatedly listed in the top countries for gender equality and found three main categories of non-binary struggles in organizations. These categories can be used to improve organizational non-binary inclusion. Aim: The main questions this paper will answer are: Which unique obstacles are non-binary people facing in their daily organizational life? Which organizational and individual measures help with more inclusion of non-binary people? How can organizational gender equality measures be made more inclusive of non-binary issues? Background: Even though gender equality is a much-researched topic, the struggles of non-binary people are often overlooked in gender equality research. Additionally, non-binary and transgender people are frequently researched together, even though their struggles can be very different. Research focused on non-binary people is, in many cases, done on a more structural or organizational level with quantitative data such as salary or position within an organization. This research focuses on the individual and their struggles with qualitative data to derive measures for non-binary inclusion and equality. Method: An adapted approach of the ZMET-Method (Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique) will be used, during which in-depth interviews are held with individuals, utilizing pictures as a metaphorical starting point to discuss their main thoughts and feelings on being non-binary in an organizational setting. Interviewees prepared five pictures, each representing one key thought or feeling about their organizational life. The interviewer then lets the interviewee describe each picture and asks probing questions to get a deeper understanding of each individual topic. This method helps with a mostly unbiased data collection process by only asking probing questions during the interview and not leading the interviewee in any certain direction. Results: This research has identified three main categories of struggles non-binary people are facing in an organizational setting: internal (personal) struggles, external struggles and structural struggles. Internal struggles refer to struggles that originate from the person themselves (e.g., struggles with their own identity). External struggles refer to struggles from the outside (e.g. harassment from coworkers, exclusion). Structural struggles refer to struggles that are built into the organizational policy or facilities (e.g. restrooms, gendered language). Conclusion: This study shows that there are many struggles for non-binary people in organizations and that even in countries that pride themselves on being progressive and having a high level of gender equality, there is still much to be done for non-binary inclusion. Implications for Organizations: Organizations that strive to improve the inclusion of all genders should pay attention to how their structures are built, how their training is conducted, and how their policies affect people of various genders. Simple changes like making restrooms gender-neutral and using neutral language in company communications are good examples of small structural steps for more inclusion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20equality" title="gender equality">gender equality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-binary" title=" non-binary"> non-binary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizations" title=" organizations"> organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZMET" title=" ZMET"> ZMET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186329/struggles-of-non-binary-people-in-an-organizational-setting-in-iceland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Coastal Resources Spatial Planning and Potential Oil Risk Analysis: Case Study of Misratah’s Coastal Resources, Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abduladim%20Maitieg">Abduladim Maitieg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Lynch"> Kevin Lynch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Johnson"> Mark Johnson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of the Libyan Environmental General Authority (EGA) and National Oil Corporation (Department of Health, Safety & Environment) during the last 5 years has been to adopt a common approach to coastal and marine spatial planning. Protection and planning of the coastal zone is a significant for Libya, due to the length of coast and, the high rate of oil export, and spills’ potential negative impacts on coastal and marine habitats. Coastal resource scenarios constitute an important tool for exploring the long-term and short-term consequences of oil spill impact and available response options that would provide an integrated perspective on mitigation. To investigate that, this paper reviews the Misratah coastal parameters to present the physical and human controls and attributes of coastal habitats as the first step in understanding how they may be damaged by an oil spill. This paper also investigates costal resources, providing a better understanding of the resources and factors that impact the integrity of the ecosystem. Therefore, the study described the potential spatial distribution of oil spill risk and the coastal resources value, and also created spatial maps of coastal resources and their vulnerability to oil spills along the coast. This study proposes an analysis of coastal resources condition at a local level in the Misratah region of the Mediterranean Sea, considering the implementation of coastal and marine spatial planning over time as an indication of the will to manage urban development. Oil spill contamination analysis and their impact on the coastal resources depend on (1) oil spill sequence, (2) oil spill location, (3) oil spill movement near the coastal area. The resulting maps show natural, socio-economic activity, environmental resources along of the coast, and oil spill location. Moreover, the study provides significant geodatabase information which is required for coastal sensitivity index mapping and coastal management studies. The outcome of study provides the information necessary to set an Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) for the Misratah shoreline, which can be used for management of coastal resources and setting boundaries for each coastal sensitivity sectors, as well as to help planners measure the impact of oil spills on coastal resources. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools were used in order to store and illustrate the spatial convergence of existing socio-economic activities such as fishing, tourism, and the salt industry, and ecosystem components such as sea turtle nesting area, Sabkha habitats, and migratory birds feeding sites. These geodatabases help planners investigate the vulnerability of coastal resources to an oil spill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20and%20marine%20spatial%20planning%20advancement%20training" title="coastal and marine spatial planning advancement training">coastal and marine spatial planning advancement training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS%20mapping" title=" GIS mapping"> GIS mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20uses" title=" human uses"> human uses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20components" title=" ecosystem components"> ecosystem components</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misratah%20coast" title=" Misratah coast"> Misratah coast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libyan" title=" Libyan"> Libyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20spill" title=" oil spill"> oil spill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66800/coastal-resources-spatial-planning-and-potential-oil-risk-analysis-case-study-of-misratahs-coastal-resources-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Assessment the Implications of Regional Transport and Local Emission Sources for Mitigating Particulate Matter in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruchirek%20Ratchaburi">Ruchirek Ratchaburi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Kevin.%20Hicks"> W. Kevin. Hicks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20S.%20Malley"> Christopher S. Malley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20D.%20Emberson"> Lisa D. Emberson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Air pollution problems in Thailand have improved over the last few decades, but in some areas, concentrations of coarse particulate matter (PM₁₀) are above health and regulatory guidelines. It is, therefore, useful to investigate how PM₁₀ varies across Thailand, what conditions cause this variation, and how could PM₁₀ concentrations be reduced. This research uses data collected by the Thailand Pollution Control Department (PCD) from 17 monitoring sites, located across 12 provinces, and obtained between 2011 and 2015 to assess PM₁₀ concentrations and the conditions that lead to different levels of pollution. This is achieved through exploration of air mass pathways using trajectory analysis, used in conjunction with the monitoring data, to understand the contribution of different months, an hour of the day and source regions to annual PM₁₀ concentrations in Thailand. A focus is placed on locations that exceed the national standard for the protection of human health. The analysis shows how this approach can be used to explore the influence of biomass burning on annual average PM₁₀ concentration and the difference in air pollution conditions between Northern and Southern Thailand. The results demonstrate the substantial contribution that open biomass burning from agriculture and forest fires in Thailand and neighboring countries make annual average PM₁₀ concentrations. The analysis of PM₁₀ measurements at monitoring sites in Northern Thailand show that in general, high concentrations tend to occur in March and that these particularly high monthly concentrations make a substantial contribution to the overall annual average concentration. In 2011, a > 75% reduction in the extent of biomass burning in Northern Thailand and in neighboring countries resulted in a substantial reduction not only in the magnitude and frequency of peak PM₁₀ concentrations but also in annual average PM₁₀ concentrations at sites across Northern Thailand. In Southern Thailand, the annual average PM₁₀ concentrations for individual years between 2011 and 2015 did not exceed the human health standard at any site. The highest peak concentrations in Southern Thailand were much lower than for Northern Thailand for all sites. The peak concentrations at sites in Southern Thailand generally occurred between June and October and were associated with air mass back trajectories that spent a substantial proportion of time over the sea, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand prior to arrival at the monitoring sites. The results show that emissions reductions from biomass burning and forest fires require action on national and international scales, in both Thailand and neighboring countries, such action could contribute to ensuring compliance with Thailand air quality standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annual%20average%20concentration" title="annual average concentration">annual average concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-range%20transport" title=" long-range transport"> long-range transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20biomass%20burning" title=" open biomass burning"> open biomass burning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particulate%20matter" title=" particulate matter"> particulate matter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89557/assessment-the-implications-of-regional-transport-and-local-emission-sources-for-mitigating-particulate-matter-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> The Effectiveness of the Sensory-Motor and Spatial Perception Rehabilitation Program Based on Parent-Child Interaction and Its Effectiveness on Kinesio phobia in Children with Visually Impairment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saheb%20Yousefi">Saheb Yousefi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20T.%20Zebehazy"> Kim T. Zebehazy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parviz%20Sharifi%20Daramadi"> Parviz Sharifi Daramadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahereh%20Najafi%20Fard"> Tahereh Najafi Fard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Murfitt"> Kevin Murfitt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Children with visual impairments often face challenges in their cognitive, motor, and social development. Sensory-motor and spatial perception therapies can be beneficial for these children, but many existing programs only focus on a limited set of therapies. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program for sensory- motor and spatial perception in reducing the fear of mobility in visually impaired children. Research Aim: The aim of this study is to determine if a rehabilitation program based on parent-child interaction can reduce the fear of mobility in visually impaired children. Methodology: This study uses a semi-experimental approach with an uneven control group design. Visually impaired children aged 10 to 14 and their parents from the Board of the Blind and Visually Impaired in Tehran Province were included in the study. The sample was divided into experimental and control groups, with a total of 30 participants. The experimental group participated in a rehabilitation program for sensory-motor and spatial perception based on parent-child interaction, while the control group did not receive this intervention. Data was collected using questionnaires on transportation issues and analyzed using multivariate and univariate mixed analysis of variance tests. Findings: The analysis of the data showed that the fear of movement was significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the control group after the intervention. Theoretical Importance: This study highlights the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program for sensory- motor and spatial perception based on parent-child interaction in reducing the fear of mobility in visually impaired children. It contributes to the existing knowledge by demonstrating the positive impact of this type of intervention on the cognitive, motor, and social development of these children. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: Data was collected through the use of questionnaires administered to the children before and after the intervention. The data was analyzed using multivariate and univariate mixed analysis of variance tests to examine the effects of the rehabilitation program. Questions Addressed: This study addresses the question of whether a rehabilitation program based on parent-child interaction can reduce the fear of mobility in visually impaired children. Conclusion: The findings of this study support the effectiveness of the sensory-motor and spatial perception rehabilitation program based on parent-child interaction in reducing the fear of movement in visually impaired children. This intervention can be considered as a suitable method to enhance the fear of mobility in these children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vision%20impairment" title="vision impairment">vision impairment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory-motor%20rehabilitation" title=" sensory-motor rehabilitation"> sensory-motor rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20perception" title=" space perception"> space perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parent-child%20interaction" title=" parent-child interaction"> parent-child interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fear%20of%20movement." title=" fear of movement."> fear of movement.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181138/the-effectiveness-of-the-sensory-motor-and-spatial-perception-rehabilitation-program-based-on-parent-child-interaction-and-its-effectiveness-on-kinesio-phobia-in-children-with-visually-impairment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> A Literature Review on the Use of Information and Communication Technology within and between Emergency Medical Teams during a Disaster</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badryah%20Alshehri">Badryah Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Gormley"> Kevin Gormley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gillian%20Prue"> Gillian Prue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20McCutcheon"> Karen McCutcheon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a disaster event, sharing patient information between the pre-hospitals Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and Emergency Department (ED) hospitals is a complex process during which important information may be altered or lost due to poor communication. The aim of this study was to critically discuss the current evidence base in relation to communication between pre-EMS hospital and ED hospital professionals by the use of Information and Communication Systems (ICT). This study followed the systematic approach; six electronic databases were searched: CINAHL, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library were comprehensively searched in January 2018 and a second search was completed in April 2020 to capture more recent publications. The study selection process was undertaken independently by the study authors. Both qualitative and quantitative studies were chosen that focused on factors which are positively or negatively associated with coordinated communication between pre-hospital EMS and ED teams in a disaster event. These studies were assessed for quality and the data were analysed according to the key screening themes which emerged from the literature search. Twenty-two studies were included. Eleven studies employed quantitative methods, seven studies used qualitative methods, and four studies used mixed methods. Four themes emerged on communication between EMTs (pre-hospital EMS and ED staff) in a disaster event using the ICT. (1) Disaster preparedness plans and coordination. This theme reported that disaster plans are in place in hospitals, and in some cases, there are interagency agreements with pre-hospital and relevant stakeholders. However, the findings showed that the disaster plans highlighted in these studies lacked information regarding coordinated communications within and between the pre-hospital and hospital. (2) Communication systems used in the disaster. This theme highlighted that although various communication systems are used between and within hospitals and pre-hospitals, technical issues have influenced communication between teams during disasters. (3) Integrated information management systems. This theme suggested the need for an integrated health information system which can help pre-hospital and hospital staff to record patient data and ensure the data is shared. (4) Disaster training and drills. While some studies analysed disaster drills and training, the majority of these studies were focused on hospital departments other than EMTs. These studies suggest the need for simulation disaster training and drills, including EMTs. This review demonstrates that considerable gaps remain in the understanding of the communication between the EMS and ED hospitals staff in relation to response in disasters. The review shows that although different types of ICTs are used, various issues remain which affect coordinated communication among the relevant professionals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title="communication">communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20communication%20services" title=" emergency communication services"> emergency communication services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20medical%20teams" title=" emergency medical teams"> emergency medical teams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20physicians" title=" emergency physicians"> emergency physicians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20nursing" title=" emergency nursing"> emergency nursing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paramedics" title=" paramedics"> paramedics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technology" title=" information and communication technology"> information and communication technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20systems" title=" communication systems"> communication systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129304/a-literature-review-on-the-use-of-information-and-communication-technology-within-and-between-emergency-medical-teams-during-a-disaster" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Landslide Susceptibility Analysis in the St. Lawrence Lowlands Using High Resolution Data and Failure Plane Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Potoczny">Kevin Potoczny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katsuichiro%20Goda"> Katsuichiro Goda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The St. Lawrence lowlands extend from Ottawa to Quebec City and are known for large deposits of sensitive Leda clay. Leda clay deposits are responsible for many large landslides, such as the 1993 Lemieux and 2010 St. Jude (4 fatalities) landslides. Due to the large extent and sensitivity of Leda clay, regional hazard analysis for landslides is an important tool in risk management. A 2018 regional study by Farzam et al. on the susceptibility of Leda clay slopes to landslide hazard uses 1 arc second topographical data. A qualitative method known as Hazus is used to estimate susceptibility by checking for various criteria in a location and determine a susceptibility rating on a scale of 0 (no susceptibility) to 10 (very high susceptibility). These criteria are slope angle, geological group, soil wetness, and distance from waterbodies. Given the flat nature of St. Lawrence lowlands, the current assessment fails to capture local slopes, such as the St. Jude site. Additionally, the data did not allow one to analyze failure planes accurately. This study majorly improves the analysis performed by Farzam et al. in two aspects. First, regional assessment with high resolution data allows for identification of local locations that may have been previously identified as low susceptibility. This then provides the opportunity to conduct a more refined analysis on the failure plane of the slope. Slopes derived from 1 arc second data are relatively gentle (0-10 degrees) across the region; however, the 1- and 2-meter resolution 2022 HRDEM provided by NRCAN shows that short, steep slopes are present. At a regional level, 1 arc second data can underestimate the susceptibility of short, steep slopes, which can be dangerous as Leda clay landslides behave retrogressively and travel upwards into flatter terrain. At the location of the St. Jude landslide, slope differences are significant. 1 arc second data shows a maximum slope of 12.80 degrees and a mean slope of 4.72 degrees, while the HRDEM data shows a maximum slope of 56.67 degrees and a mean slope of 10.72 degrees. This equates to a difference of three susceptibility levels when the soil is dry and one susceptibility level when wet. The use of GIS software is used to create a regional susceptibility map across the St. Lawrence lowlands at 1- and 2-meter resolutions. Failure planes are necessary to differentiate between small and large landslides, which have so far been ignored in regional analysis. Leda clay failures can only retrogress as far as their failure planes, so the regional analysis must be able to transition smoothly into a more robust local analysis. It is expected that slopes within the region, once previously assessed at low susceptibility scores, contain local areas of high susceptibility. The goal is to create opportunities for local failure plane analysis to be undertaken, which has not been possible before. Due to the low resolution of previous regional analyses, any slope near a waterbody could be considered hazardous. However, high-resolution regional analysis would allow for more precise determination of hazard sites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazus" title="hazus">hazus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-resolution%20DEM" title=" high-resolution DEM"> high-resolution DEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leda%20clay" title=" leda clay"> leda clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20analysis" title=" regional analysis"> regional analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=susceptibility" title=" susceptibility"> susceptibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167848/landslide-susceptibility-analysis-in-the-st-lawrence-lowlands-using-high-resolution-data-and-failure-plane-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Jones&page=8" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Jones&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Jones&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Jones&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Jones&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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