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Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.</div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American businessman (1926–2014)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Nelson Bunker Hunt</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Nelson_B._Hunt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/61/Nelson_B._Hunt.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1926-02-22</span>)</span>February 22, 1926<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado,_Arkansas" title="El Dorado, Arkansas">El Dorado, Arkansas</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 21, 2014<span style="display:none">(2014-10-21)</span> (aged 88)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Oil, mining</li><li>Racehorse owner</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Caroline Lewis</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1951)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/H._L._Hunt" title="H. L. Hunt">H. L. Hunt</a></li><li>Lyda Bunker</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Hunt" title="Lamar Hunt">Lamar Hunt</a> (brother)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Clark_Hunt" title="Clark Hunt">Clark Hunt</a> (nephew)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><b><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thoroughbred_horse_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoroughbred horse racing">Thoroughbred horse racing</a>:</span></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_flat_racing_Champion_Owner" title="British flat racing Champion Owner">British flat racing Champion Owner</a> (1973, 1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_Award_for_Outstanding_Breeder" title="Eclipse Award for Outstanding Breeder">Eclipse Award for Outstanding Breeder</a> (1985, 1987)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nelson Bunker Hunt</b> (February 22, 1926 – October 21, 2014) was an American <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> company executive. He was a billionaire whose fortune collapsed after he and his brothers <a href="/wiki/William_Herbert_Hunt" title="William Herbert Hunt">William Herbert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lamar_Hunt" title="Lamar Hunt">Lamar</a><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_obit_2014_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_obit_2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tried to <a href="/wiki/Cornering_the_market" title="Cornering the market">corner the world market</a> in <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a> but were prevented by government intervention.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also a thoroughbred horse breeder<sup id="cite_ref-HORSE1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HORSE1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a major sponsor of the <a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">John Birch Society</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal">Personal</h2></div> <p>Hunt was born in <a href="/wiki/El_Dorado,_Arkansas" title="El Dorado, Arkansas">El Dorado, Arkansas</a>, but lived most of his life in <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JBS_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JBS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the son of Lyda Bunker and <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> <a href="/wiki/Business_magnate" title="Business magnate">tycoon</a> <a href="/wiki/H._L._Hunt" title="H. L. Hunt">H. L. Hunt</a>, who set up <a href="/w/index.php?title=Placid_Oil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Placid Oil (page does not exist)">Placid Oil</a>, once one of the biggest independent oil companies,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had six siblings: <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hunt_Hill" title="Margaret Hunt Hill">Margaret Hunt Hill</a> (1915–2007), H. L. Hunt III (1917–2005), <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Rose_Hunt" title="Caroline Rose Hunt">Caroline Rose Hunt</a> (1923–2018), Lyda Bunker Hunt (born and died in 1925), <a href="/wiki/William_Herbert_Hunt" title="William Herbert Hunt">William Herbert Hunt</a> (1929-2024), and <a href="/wiki/Lamar_Hunt" title="Lamar Hunt">Lamar Hunt</a> (1932–2006). He was married to Caroline Lewis Hunt of <a href="/wiki/Ruston,_Louisiana" title="Ruston, Louisiana">Ruston, Louisiana</a> for 63 years until his death, and they had four children together. In October 2014, Hunt died at the age of 88. He had cancer and dementia.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_obit_2014_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_obit_2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Business_career">Business career</h2></div> <p>Hunt played a significant role in the discovery and development of the oil fields in <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>, the more established oil enterprises' stake of which were nationalized by <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a> in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-Libya_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Libya-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This nationalization later resulted in the House of Lords decision in <a href="/wiki/BP_Exploration_Co_(Libya)_v_Hunt_(No_2)" class="mw-redirect" title="BP Exploration Co (Libya) v Hunt (No 2)">BP Exploration Co (Libya) v Hunt (No 2)</a> [1983] 2 AC 352. </p><p>Hunt owned the <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>-based Titan Resources Corporation, which is still involved in the exploration of oil in North Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg_2008_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_2008-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was chairman of Hunt Exploration and Mining Company (HEMCO).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Silver_manipulation">Silver manipulation</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Silver_Thursday" title="Silver Thursday">Silver Thursday</a></div> <p>Beginning in the early 1970s, Hunt and his brothers William Herbert and Lamar began accumulating large amounts of silver on Comex through Brodsky and Associates. By 1979, they had nearly cornered the global market.<sup id="cite_ref-TEXAS_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TEXAS-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last nine months of 1979, the brothers profited by an estimated US$2–4 billion in silver <a href="/wiki/Speculation" title="Speculation">speculation</a>, with estimated silver holdings of 100 million troy ounces (3,100 t).<sup id="cite_ref-Time1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Primarily because of the Hunt brothers' accumulation of the <a href="/wiki/Precious_metal" title="Precious metal">precious metal</a>, prices of silver <a href="/wiki/Futures_contract" title="Futures contract">futures contracts</a> and silver bullion rose from $11 an ounce in September 1979 to $50 an ounce in January 1980. Silver prices ultimately collapsed to below $11 an ounce two months later.<sup id="cite_ref-loe_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-loe-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest single-day drop in the price of silver occurred on "<a href="/wiki/Silver_Thursday" title="Silver Thursday">Silver Thursday</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 1985 the Hunt brothers were charged "with manipulating and attempting to manipulate the prices of silver futures contracts and silver bullion during 1979 and 1980" by the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Commodity_Futures_Trading_Commission" title="Commodity Futures Trading Commission">Commodity Futures Trading Commission</a> (CFTC).<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 1988 the Hunt brothers filed for bankruptcy under <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11,_Title_11,_United_States_Code" title="Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code">Chapter 11 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code</a> largely due to lawsuits incurred as a result of their silver speculation.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1989, in a settlement with the CFTC, Nelson Bunker Hunt was fined $10 million and banned from trading in the commodity markets as a result of civil charges of conspiring to manipulate the silver market.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This fine was in addition to a multimillion-dollar settlement to pay back taxes, fines and interest to the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a> for the same period. His brother William Herbert Hunt made a similar settlement.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2></div> <p>Nelson Bunker Hunt was active in conservative political causes<sup id="cite_ref-Kingdom_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kingdom-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was a member of the council of the <a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">John Birch Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JBS_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JBS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the candidates he supported financially were the fervent segregationists Sen. <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Strom Thurmond</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">George Wallace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hunt played a key role in the 1968 presidential campaign in rejecting Wallace's first vice presidential choice, former Kentucky governor <a href="/wiki/Happy_Chandler" title="Happy Chandler">Happy Chandler</a>, whom Hunt considered too moderate, and making possible the selection of <a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Curtis LeMay</a>. When LeMay balked at losing his salaried job if he joined the Wallace campaign, Hunt created a secret, $1 million trust fund to compensate LeMay for loss of income.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hunt mentored <a href="/wiki/Zahid_Bashir" title="Zahid Bashir">Zahid Bashir</a>, former spokesman and press secretary to the Pakistani Prime Minister, in oil trading. He was one of the main sponsors of the conservative organization <a href="/wiki/Western_Goals_Foundation" title="Western Goals Foundation">Western Goals Foundation</a>, founded in 1979 by General <a href="/wiki/John_K._Singlaub" title="John K. Singlaub">John K. Singlaub</a>, journalist John Rees, and Democratic Congressman from Georgia <a href="/wiki/Larry_McDonald" title="Larry McDonald">Larry McDonald</a>. During the mid-1980s, he contributed almost half a million U.S. dollars to The National Endowment for the Preservation of Liberty (NEPL),<sup id="cite_ref-IranContraWalsh_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IranContraWalsh-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalCommittee_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalCommittee-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a conservative fundraising organization later heavily implicated in the <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair" title="Iran–Contra affair">Iran–Contra affair</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IranContraNYT_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IranContraNYT-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hunt was past chairman of the board of the Bible Society of Texas and the past chairman of, and significant contributor to <a href="/wiki/Cru_(Christian_organization)" title="Cru (Christian organization)">Campus Crusade for Christ International</a>'s "Here's Life" Campaign (1976–1980),<sup id="cite_ref-Diamond_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Diamond-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Evangelicalism_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evangelicalism-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as providing a $3.5 million loan guarantee for the 1979 Campus Crusade film <i><a href="/wiki/Jesus_(1979_film)" title="Jesus (1979 film)">Jesus</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Time2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Thoroughbred_horse_racing">Thoroughbred horse racing</h2></div> <p>In 1955, Hunt bought his first thoroughbreds and by the 1970s his breeding program had become one of the world's largest and most productive. Winner of the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Eclipse_Award_for_Outstanding_Breeder" title="Eclipse Award for Outstanding Breeder">Eclipse Award for Outstanding Breeder</a> in 1976, 1985, and 1987, he owned the 8,000-acre (3,200 ha) Bluegrass Farm in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a>, and raced thoroughbreds in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. Among his horses, Hunt bred or raced <a href="/wiki/Vaguely_Noble" title="Vaguely Noble">Vaguely Noble</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dahlia_(horse)" title="Dahlia (horse)">Dahlia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Empery" title="Empery">Empery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Youth_(horse)" title="Youth (horse)">Youth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exceller" title="Exceller">Exceller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trillion_(horse)" title="Trillion (horse)">Trillion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glorious_Song" title="Glorious Song">Glorious Song</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dahar_(horse)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dahar (horse) (page does not exist)">Dahar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Estrapade_(horse)" title="Estrapade (horse)">Estrapade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HORSE1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HORSE1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1973 and 1974, Hunt was the <a href="/wiki/British_flat_racing_Champion_Owner" title="British flat racing Champion Owner">British flat racing Champion Owner</a> and in 1976 won <a href="/wiki/Epsom_Derby" title="Epsom Derby">The Derby</a> with Empery.<sup id="cite_ref-HORSE1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HORSE1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The United States <a href="/wiki/National_Thoroughbred_Racing_Association" title="National Thoroughbred Racing Association">National Thoroughbred Racing Association</a> (NTRA) awarded Hunt the title of "legendary owner-breeder".<sup id="cite_ref-HORSE2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HORSE2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Overall, Hunt bred 158 stakes winners and either bred or owned 25 champions.<sup id="cite_ref-bloodhorse_2005_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloodhorse_2005-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hunt's bankruptcy forced him to liquidate his thoroughbred operations. A 1988 dispersal sale of 580 horses at <a href="/wiki/Keeneland_Sales" title="Keeneland Sales">Keeneland Sales</a> brought in $46,911,800, at that time the highest amount in the history of thoroughbred auctions.<sup id="cite_ref-HORSE1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HORSE1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1999, he returned to thoroughbred ownership, spending a total of $2,075,000 on 51 juveniles and yearlings. At the time he said, "At my age, I don't plan to do any breeding or buy a farm, I just want to have some fun and try to get lucky racing."<sup id="cite_ref-HORSE2_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HORSE2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYT_obit_2014-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_obit_2014_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_obit_2014_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcFadden,_Robert_D.2014" class="citation news cs1">McFadden, Robert D. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Nelson+Bunker+Hunt%2C+88%2C+Oil+Tycoon+With+a+Texas-Size+Presence%2C+Dies&rft.date=2014-10-22&rft.au=McFadden%2C+Robert+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnyti.ms%2F1yWNeoS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEichenwald1989" class="citation news cs1">Eichenwald, Kurt (December 21, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/21/business/2-hunts-fined-and-banned-from-trades.html">"2 Hunts Fined And Banned From Trades"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=2+Hunts+Fined+And+Banned+From+Trades&rft.date=1989-12-21&rft.aulast=Eichenwald&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F12%2F21%2Fbusiness%2F2-hunts-fined-and-banned-from-trades.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HORSE1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HORSE1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HORSE1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HORSE1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HORSE1_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowen2004" class="citation book cs1">Bowen, Edward L. (2004). <i><a href="/wiki/Legacies_of_the_Turf" title="Legacies of the Turf">Legacies of the Turf: A Century of Great Thoroughbred Breeders</a></i>. Lexington, KY, United States: Eclipse Press. pp. 249–262. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58150-117-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-58150-117-X"><bdi>1-58150-117-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Legacies+of+the+Turf%3A+A+Century+of+Great+Thoroughbred+Breeders&rft.place=Lexington%2C+KY%2C+United+States&rft.pages=249-262&rft.pub=Eclipse+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-58150-117-X&rft.aulast=Bowen&rft.aufirst=Edward+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JBS-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JBS_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JBS_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jbs.org/about-jbs/nelson-bunker-hunt">"Nelson Bunker Hunt"</a>. The John Birch Society, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nelson+Bunker+Hunt&rft.pub=The+John+Birch+Society%2C+Inc.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jbs.org%2Fabout-jbs%2Fnelson-bunker-hunt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/oct/22/oil-baron-nelson-bunker-hunt-dies">"Oil Baron Nelson Bunker Hunt Dies"</a> <i>The Guardian</i> October 22, 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Libya-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Libya_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenwood1984" class="citation book cs1">Greenwood, C. J. (1984). <i>International Law Reports</i>. Vol. 66. Cambridge University Press. p. 340. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-46411-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-46411-0"><bdi>0-521-46411-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Law+Reports&rft.pages=340&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-521-46411-0&rft.aulast=Greenwood&rft.aufirst=C.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bloomberg_2008-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bloomberg_2008_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLure,_Jason2008" class="citation cs2">McLure, Jason (August 21, 2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601116&sid=aRCsmu51x92A&refer=africa">"Ethiopia, U.S. Billionaire's Titan Resources Signs Oil Accord'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>, <i>Bloomberg</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Ethiopia%2C+U.S.+Billionaire%27s+Titan+Resources+Signs+Oil+Accord%27&rft.date=2008-08-21&rft.au=McLure%2C+Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%3Fpid%3D20601116%26sid%3DaRCsmu51x92A%26refer%3Dafrica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TEXAS-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TEXAS_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGwynne2001" class="citation magazine cs1">Gwynne, S. C. (September 2001). "Bunker Hunt". <i>Texas Monthly</i>. Vol. 29, no. 9. Austin, Texas, United States: Emmis Communications Corporation. p. 78.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Texas+Monthly&rft.atitle=Bunker+Hunt&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=78&rft.date=2001-09&rft.aulast=Gwynne&rft.aufirst=S.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Time1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Time1_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,921789,00.html">"Bunker Hunt's Comstock Lode"</a>. <i>Time Magazine</i>. Vol. 115, no. 2. Time Inc. January 14, 1980.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Magazine&rft.atitle=Bunker+Hunt%27s+Comstock+Lode&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1980-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C921789%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-loe-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-loe_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasters,_Michael_W.White,_Adam_K.2008" class="citation report cs1">Masters, Michael W.; White, Adam K. (July 31, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://loe.org/images/content/080919/Act1.pdf">The Accidental Hunt Brothers: How Institutional Investors Are Driving Up Food And Energy Prices</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). LOE. p. 51<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Accidental+Hunt+Brothers%3A+How+Institutional+Investors+Are+Driving+Up+Food+And+Energy+Prices&rft.pages=51&rft.pub=LOE&rft.date=2008-07-31&rft.au=Masters%2C+Michael+W.&rft.au=White%2C+Adam+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Floe.org%2Fimages%2Fcontent%2F080919%2FAct1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kingdom-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kingdom_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTuccille2004" class="citation book cs1">Tuccille, Jerome (2004). <i>Kingdom: The Story of the Hunt Family of Texas</i>. Beard Books. p. 311. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58798-226-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-58798-226-9"><bdi>1-58798-226-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kingdom%3A+The+Story+of+the+Hunt+Family+of+Texas&rft.pages=311&rft.pub=Beard+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-58798-226-9&rft.aulast=Tuccille&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarter1995" class="citation book cs1">Carter, Dan T. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32739924"><i>The politics of rage : George Wallace, the origins of the new conservatism, and the transformation of American politics</i></a>. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 336. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-80916-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-80916-8"><bdi>0-684-80916-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/32739924">32739924</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+politics+of+rage+%3A+George+Wallace%2C+the+origins+of+the+new+conservatism%2C+and+the+transformation+of+American+politics&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=336&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F32739924&rft.isbn=0-684-80916-8&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Dan+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F32739924&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarter1995" class="citation book cs1">Carter, Dan T. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32739924"><i>The politics of rage : George Wallace, the origins of the new conservatism, and the transformation of American politics</i></a>. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 356–362. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-80916-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-80916-8"><bdi>0-684-80916-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/32739924">32739924</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+politics+of+rage+%3A+George+Wallace%2C+the+origins+of+the+new+conservatism%2C+and+the+transformation+of+American+politics&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=356-362&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F32739924&rft.isbn=0-684-80916-8&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Dan+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F32739924&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IranContraWalsh-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IranContraWalsh_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh1993" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Walsh, Lawrence E. (August 4, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_13.htm">"Final Report of the Independent Counsel for Iran/Contra Matters"</a>. I: Investigations and Prosecutions<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Final+Report+of+the+Independent+Counsel+for+Iran%2FContra+Matters&rft.volume=I%3A+Investigations+and+Prosecutions&rft.date=1993-08-04&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.org%2Firp%2Foffdocs%2Fwalsh%2Fchap_13.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CongressionalCommittee-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CongressionalCommittee_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamiltonInouye1995" class="citation book cs1">Hamilton, Lee H.; Inouye, Daniel K. (1995). <i>Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair</i>. DIANE Publishing. pp. 93–94. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7881-2602-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7881-2602-4"><bdi>0-7881-2602-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Congressional+Committees+Investigating+the+Iran%2FContra+Affair&rft.pages=93-94&rft.pub=DIANE+Publishing&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-7881-2602-4&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Lee+H.&rft.au=Inouye%2C+Daniel+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IranContraNYT-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IranContraNYT_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerke1987" class="citation news cs1">Berke, Richard L. (April 9, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE5DB1739F93AA35757C0A961948260">"Investigators Say Group Raised $2 Million for Contra Arms Aid"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Investigators+Say+Group+Raised+%242+Million+for+Contra+Arms+Aid&rft.date=1987-04-09&rft.aulast=Berke&rft.aufirst=Richard+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9B0DE5DB1739F93AA35757C0A961948260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Diamond-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Diamond_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiamond1989" class="citation book cs1">Diamond, Sara (1989). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/spiritualwarfare0000diam/page/53"><i>Spiritual Warfare: The Politics of the Christian Right</i></a></span>. Boston, USA: South End Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/spiritualwarfare0000diam/page/53">53</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89608-361-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-89608-361-6"><bdi>0-89608-361-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spiritual+Warfare%3A+The+Politics+of+the+Christian+Right&rft.place=Boston%2C+USA&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=South+End+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-89608-361-6&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fspiritualwarfare0000diam%2Fpage%2F53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Evangelicalism-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Evangelicalism_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrington_Watt1991" class="citation book cs1">Harrington Watt, David (1991). <i>A Transforming Faith: Explorations of Twentieth-century American Evangelicalism</i>. Rutgers University Press. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8135-1717-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8135-1717-6"><bdi>0-8135-1717-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Transforming+Faith%3A+Explorations+of+Twentieth-century+American+Evangelicalism&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-8135-1717-6&rft.aulast=Harrington+Watt&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Time2-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Time2_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Biema2003" class="citation magazine cs1">Van Biema, David (June 30, 2003). "The Life of Jesus in 830 Languages". <i>Time Magazine</i>. Vol. 161, no. 26. p. 42.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Life+of+Jesus+in+830+Languages&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=26&rft.pages=42&rft.date=2003-06-30&rft.aulast=Van+Biema&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HORSE2-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HORSE2_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HORSE2_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080201053009/http://www.ntra.com/stats_bios.aspx?id=2142">"Nelson Bunker Hunt"</a>. National Thoroughbred Racing Association. May 30, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntra.com/stats_bios.aspx?id=2142">the original</a> on February 1, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nelson+Bunker+Hunt&rft.pub=National+Thoroughbred+Racing+Association&rft.date=2006-05-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ntra.com%2Fstats_bios.aspx%3Fid%3D2142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bloodhorse_2005-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bloodhorse_2005_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/26692/john-gaines-in-his-own-words">"John Gaines in his own words"</a>, <i>Blood-Horse</i>, February 14, 2005</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Blood-Horse&rft.atitle=John+Gaines+in+his+own+words&rft.date=2005-02-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloodhorse.com%2Fhorse-racing%2Farticles%2F26692%2Fjohn-gaines-in-his-own-words&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Bunker+Hunt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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