European Environment Agency's home page — European Environment Agency

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><span>Topics</span><span> overview</span ><i alt="Title icon" aria-hidden="true" class="eea-icon eea-icon-arrow-right" ></i ></a> </div> <a title="At a glance" class="sub-title" href="/en/topics/at-a-glance" ><span>At a glance</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"> <a title="State of Europe's environment" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/at-a-glance/state-of-europes-environment" ><span>State of Europe's environment</span></a ><a title="Climate" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/at-a-glance/climate" ><span>Climate</span></a ><a title="Economy and resources" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/at-a-glance/economy-and-resources" ><span>Economy and resources</span></a ><a title="Health" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/at-a-glance/health" ><span>Health</span></a ><a title="Nature" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/at-a-glance/nature" ><span>Nature</span></a ><a title="Sustainability" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/at-a-glance/sustainability" ><span>Sustainability</span></a > </div> </div> <div id="topics-right-column" class="nine wide column"> <a title="In-depth topics" class="sub-title" href="/en/topics/in-depth" ><span>In-depth topics</span></a > <div class="ui four column grid"> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Agriculture and food system" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/agriculture-and-food" ><span>Agriculture and food system</span></a ><a title="Air pollution" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/air-pollution-new" ><span>Air pollution</span></a ><a title="Bathing water quality" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/bathing-water" ><span>Bathing water quality</span></a ><a title="Biodiversity: state of habitats and species" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/biodiversity" ><span>Biodiversity: state of habitats and species</span></a ><a title="Buildings and construction" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/buildings-and-construction" ><span>Buildings and construction</span></a ><a title="Chemicals" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/chemicals" ><span>Chemicals</span></a ><a title="Circular economy" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/circular-economy" ><span>Circular economy</span></a ><a title="Climate change impacts, risks and adaptation" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/climate-change-impacts-risks-and-adaptation" ><span>Climate change impacts, risks and adaptation</span></a ><a title="Climate change mitigation: reducing emissions" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/climate-change-mitigation-reducing-emissions" ><span>Climate change mitigation: reducing emissions</span></a ><a title="Electric vehicles" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/electric-vehicles" ><span>Electric vehicles</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Energy" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/energy" ><span>Energy</span></a ><a title="Energy efficiency" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/energy-efficiency" ><span>Energy efficiency</span></a ><a title="Environmental health impacts" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/environmental-health-impacts" ><span>Environmental health impacts</span></a ><a title="Environmental inequalities" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/environmental-inequalities" ><span>Environmental inequalities</span></a ><a title="Extreme weather: floods, droughts and heatwaves" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/extreme-weather-floods-droughts-and-heatwaves" ><span>Extreme weather: floods, droughts and heatwaves</span></a ><a title="Forests and forestry" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/forests-and-forestry" ><span>Forests and forestry</span></a ><a title="Industry" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/industry" ><span>Industry</span></a ><a title="Land use" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/land-use" ><span>Land use</span></a ><a title="Nature protection and restoration" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/nature-protection-and-restoration" ><span>Nature protection and restoration</span></a ><a title="Noise" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/noise" ><span>Noise</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Plastics" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/plastics" ><span>Plastics</span></a ><a title="Pollution" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/pollution" ><span>Pollution</span></a ><a title="Production and consumption" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/production-and-consumption" ><span>Production and consumption</span></a ><a title="Renewable energy" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/renewable-energy" ><span>Renewable energy</span></a ><a title="Resource use and materials" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/resource-use-and-materials" ><span>Resource use and materials</span></a ><a title="Road transport" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/road-transport-new" ><span>Road transport</span></a ><a title="Seas and coasts" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/seas-and-coasts" ><span>Seas and coasts</span></a ><a title="Soil" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/soil" ><span>Soil</span></a ><a title="Sustainability challenges" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/sustainability-challenges" ><span>Sustainability challenges</span></a ><a title="Sustainability solutions" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/sustainability-solutions" ><span>Sustainability solutions</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Sustainable finance" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/sustainable-finance" ><span>Sustainable finance</span></a ><a title="Textiles" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/textiles" ><span>Textiles</span></a ><a title="Transport and mobility" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/transport-and-mobility-new" ><span>Transport and mobility</span></a ><a title="Urban sustainability" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/urban-sustainability" ><span>Urban sustainability</span></a ><a title="Waste and recycling" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/waste-and-recycling" ><span>Waste and recycling</span></a ><a title="Water" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/topics/in-depth/water" ><span>Water</span></a > </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="menu-content tablet hidden mobile hidden" id="tip-analysis-and-data"> <div class="mega-menu-title"> <a title="Analysis and data" class="ui button inverted icon right labeled" href="/en/analysis" ><span>Analysis and data</span><span> overview</span ><i alt="Title icon" aria-hidden="true" class="eea-icon eea-icon-arrow-right"></i ></a> </div> <div class="ui four column grid"> <div class="column"> <a title="Publications" class="sub-title" href="/en/analysis/publications" ><span>Publications</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Maps and charts" class="sub-title" href="/en/analysis/maps-and-charts" ><span>Maps and charts</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Indicators" class="sub-title" href="/en/analysis/indicators" ><span>Indicators</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Country fact sheets" class="sub-title" href="/en/analysis/country-fact-sheets" ><span>Country fact sheets</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Datahub" class="sub-title" href="/en/analysis/data-hub" ><span>Datahub</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="menu-content tablet hidden mobile hidden" id="tip-countries"> <div class="mega-menu-title"> <a title="Countries" class="ui button inverted icon right labeled" href="/en/countries" ><span>Countries</span><span> overview</span ><i alt="Title icon" aria-hidden="true" class="eea-icon eea-icon-arrow-right"></i ></a> </div> <div class="ui grid"> <div class="eight wide column"> <a title="EEA member countries" class="sub-title" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries" ><span>EEA member countries</span></a > <div class="ui five column grid"> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Austria" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/austria" ><span>Austria</span></a ><a title="Belgium" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/belgium" ><span>Belgium</span></a ><a title="Bulgaria" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/bulgaria" ><span>Bulgaria</span></a ><a title="Croatia" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/croatia" ><span>Croatia</span></a ><a title="Cyprus" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/cyprus" ><span>Cyprus</span></a ><a title="Czechia" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/czechia" ><span>Czechia</span></a ><a title="Denmark" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/denmark" ><span>Denmark</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Estonia" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/estonia" ><span>Estonia</span></a ><a title="Finland" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/finland" ><span>Finland</span></a ><a title="France" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/france" ><span>France</span></a ><a title="Germany" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/germany" ><span>Germany</span></a ><a title="Greece" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/greece" ><span>Greece</span></a ><a title="Hungary" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/hungary" ><span>Hungary</span></a ><a title="Iceland" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/iceland" ><span>Iceland</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Ireland" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/ireland" ><span>Ireland</span></a ><a title="Italy" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/italy" ><span>Italy</span></a ><a title="Latvia" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/latvia" ><span>Latvia</span></a ><a title="Liechtenstein" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/liechtenstein" ><span>Liechtenstein</span></a ><a title="Lithuania" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/lithuania" ><span>Lithuania</span></a ><a title="Luxembourg" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/luxembourg" ><span>Luxembourg</span></a ><a title="Malta" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/malta" ><span>Malta</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Netherlands" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/netherlands" ><span>Netherlands</span></a ><a title="Norway" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/norway" ><span>Norway</span></a ><a title="Poland" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/poland" ><span>Poland</span></a ><a title="Portugal" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/portugal" ><span>Portugal</span></a ><a title="Romania" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/romania" ><span>Romania</span></a ><a title="Slovakia" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/slovakia" ><span>Slovakia</span></a ><a title="Slovenia" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/slovenia" ><span>Slovenia</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Spain" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/spain" ><span>Spain</span></a ><a title="Sweden" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/sweden" ><span>Sweden</span></a ><a title="Switzerland" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/switzerland" ><span>Switzerland</span></a ><a title="Türkiye" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/eea-member-countries/turkiye" ><span>Türkiye</span></a > </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="four wide column"> <div class="ui one column grid nested-grid"> <div class="column"> <a title="Cooperating countries" class="sub-title" href="/en/countries/cooperating-countries" ><span>Cooperating countries</span></a > <div class="ui two column grid"> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Albania" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/cooperating-countries/albania" ><span>Albania</span></a ><a title="Bosnia and Herzegovina" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/cooperating-countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina" ><span>Bosnia and Herzegovina</span></a ><a title="Kosovo" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/cooperating-countries/kosovo" ><span>Kosovo *</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <div role="list" class="ui list"> <a title="Montenegro" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/cooperating-countries/montenegro" ><span>Montenegro</span></a ><a title="North Macedonia" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/cooperating-countries/north-macedonia" ><span>North Macedonia</span></a ><a title="Serbia" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/countries/cooperating-countries/serbia" ><span>Serbia</span></a > </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="menu-content tablet hidden mobile hidden" id="tip-newsroom"> <div class="mega-menu-title"> <a title="Newsletter" class="ui button inverted icon right labeled" href="/en/newsroom"> <span>Newsletter</span> <span> overview</span> <i alt="Title icon" aria-hidden="true" class="eea-icon eea-icon-arrow-right"></i> </a> </div> <div class="ui four column grid"> <div class="column"> <a title="Press releases" class="sub-title" href="/en/newsroom/news"> <span>Press releases</span> </a> <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Feature articles" class="sub-title" href="/en/newsroom/editorial"> <span>Feature articles</span> </a> <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Corporate visuals" class="sub-title" href="/en/newsroom/branding-materials"> <span>Corporate visuals</span> </a> <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Events" class="sub-title" href="/en/newsroom/events"> <span>Events</span> </a> <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Photo competitions" class="sub-title" href="/en/newsroom/photo-competitions"> <span>Photo competitions</span> </a> <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Newsletter and news service" class="sub-title" href="/en/newsroom/newsletter"> <span>Newsletter and news service</span> </a> <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="menu-content tablet hidden mobile hidden" id="tip-about-us"> <div class="mega-menu-title"> <a title="About us" class="ui button inverted icon right labeled" href="/en/about" ><span>About us</span><span> overview</span ><i alt="Title icon" aria-hidden="true" class="eea-icon eea-icon-arrow-right" ></i ></a> </div> <div class="ui four column grid"> <div class="column"> <a title="Who we are" class="sub-title" href="/en/about/who-we-are" ><span>Who we are</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"> <a title="Governance" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/who-we-are/governance" ><span>Governance</span></a ><a title="Our knowledge network — Eionet" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/who-we-are/our-knowledge-network-eionet" ><span>Our knowledge network — Eionet</span></a ><a title="Projects and cooperation agreements" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/who-we-are/projects-and-cooperation-agreements" ><span>Projects and cooperation agreements</span></a ><a title="Becoming a climate neutral agency" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/who-we-are/becoming-a-climate-neutral-agency" ><span>Becoming a climate neutral agency</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Key partners" class="sub-title" href="/en/about/key-partners" ><span>Key partners</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"> <a title="European Union partners" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/key-partners/eu-partners" ><span>European Union partners</span></a ><a title="International engagement" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/key-partners/international-engagement" ><span>International engagement</span></a ><a title="Copernicus" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/key-partners/copernicus" ><span>Copernicus</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Careers" class="sub-title" href="/en/about/careers" ><span>Careers</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"> <a title="Vacancies" class="item" href="/en/about/careers/vacancies"><span>Vacancies</span></a> <a title="How to apply" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/careers/how-to-apply" ><span>How to apply</span></a ><a title="Our workplace" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/careers/our-workplace" ><span>Our workplace</span></a ><a title="Traineeships" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/careers/traineeships" ><span>Traineeships</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Procurement and grants" class="sub-title" href="/en/about/procurement-and-grants" ><span>Procurement and grants</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"> <a title="Contracts between €15,000 and €143,000" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/procurement-and-grants/negotiated-procedures" ><span>Contracts between €15,000 and €143,000</span></a ><a title="Contracts above €143,000" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/procurement-and-grants/tenders" ><span>Contracts above €143,000</span></a ><a title="Toolbox" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/procurement-and-grants/toolbox" ><span>Toolbox</span></a > </div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Policy corner: EU policies we support" class="sub-title" href="/en/about/policy-corner-eu-policies-we-support" ><span>Policy corner: EU policies we support</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <a title="Working practices" class="sub-title" href="/en/about/working-practices" ><span>Working practices</span></a > <div role="list" class="ui list menu-list"> <a title="Procedures and policies" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/working-practices/procedures-and-policies" ><span>Procedures and policies</span></a ><a title="Personal data protection" class="item" role="listitem" href="/en/about/working-practices/personal-data-protection" 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