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capa/doc/installation.md at master · mandiant/capa · GitHub
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3.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L8 9.06l-3.22 3.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L6.94 8 3.72 4.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path> </svg></button> </div> </div> </div> <scrollable-region data-labelled-by="feedback-dialog-title"> <div data-view-component="true" class="Overlay-body"> <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form id="code-search-feedback-form" data-turbo="false" action="/search/feedback" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" data-csrf="true" name="authenticity_token" value="SG+k+7H2YPF5eF6mUkPgxbDNQuIoFJ/KdMVGdu7kDK0bgtsJdjlwL+aXYDD4UpUpRfSpv0mwHLt+siqNiX6DAw==" /> <p>We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously.</p> <textarea name="feedback" class="form-control width-full mb-2" style="height: 120px" id="feedback"></textarea> <input name="include_email" id="include_email" aria-label="Include my email address so I can be contacted" class="form-control mr-2" type="checkbox"> 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KB","deleteTooltip":"You must be signed in to make or propose changes","editTooltip":"You must be signed in to make or propose changes","ghDesktopPath":"https://desktop.github.com","isGitLfs":false,"onBranch":true,"shortPath":"e5e7135","siteNavLoginPath":"/login?return_to=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmandiant%2Fcapa%2Fblob%2Fmaster%2Fdoc%2Finstallation.md","isCSV":false,"isRichtext":true,"toc":[{"level":1,"text":"Installation","anchor":"installation","htmlText":"Installation"},{"level":2,"text":"Method 1: Standalone installation","anchor":"method-1-standalone-installation","htmlText":"Method 1: Standalone installation"},{"level":3,"text":"Linux Standalone installation","anchor":"linux-standalone-installation","htmlText":"Linux Standalone installation"},{"level":3,"text":"MacOS Standalone installation","anchor":"macos-standalone-installation","htmlText":"MacOS Standalone installation"},{"level":2,"text":"Method 2: Using capa as a Python library","anchor":"method-2-using-capa-as-a-python-library","htmlText":"Method 2: Using capa as a Python library"},{"level":3,"text":"1. Install capa module","anchor":"1-install-capa-module","htmlText":"1. Install capa module"},{"level":4,"text":"Note on capa rules and library identification signatures","anchor":"note-on-capa-rules-and-library-identification-signatures","htmlText":"Note on capa rules and library identification signatures"},{"level":3,"text":"2. Use capa","anchor":"2-use-capa","htmlText":"2. Use capa"},{"level":2,"text":"Method 3: Inspecting the capa source code","anchor":"method-3-inspecting-the-capa-source-code","htmlText":"Method 3: Inspecting the capa source code"},{"level":3,"text":"1. Check out source code","anchor":"1-check-out-source-code","htmlText":"1. Check out source code"},{"level":3,"text":"2. Install the local source code","anchor":"2-install-the-local-source-code","htmlText":"2. Install the local source code"},{"level":4,"text":"Development","anchor":"development","htmlText":"Development"},{"level":5,"text":"venv [optional]","anchor":"venv-optional","htmlText":"venv [optional]"},{"level":5,"text":"Install development dependencies","anchor":"install-development-dependencies","htmlText":"Install development dependencies"},{"level":3,"text":"3. Compile binary using PyInstaller","anchor":"3-compile-binary-using-pyinstaller","htmlText":"3. Compile binary using PyInstaller"},{"level":4,"text":"Install PyInstaller:","anchor":"install-pyinstaller","htmlText":"Install PyInstaller:"},{"level":4,"text":"Generate rule cache","anchor":"generate-rule-cache","htmlText":"Generate rule cache"},{"level":4,"text":"Run Pyinstaller","anchor":"run-pyinstaller","htmlText":"Run Pyinstaller"}],"lineInfo":{"truncatedLoc":"161","truncatedSloc":"108"},"mode":"file"},"image":false,"isCodeownersFile":null,"isPlain":false,"isValidLegacyIssueTemplate":false,"issueTemplate":null,"discussionTemplate":null,"language":"Markdown","languageID":222,"large":false,"planSupportInfo":{"repoIsFork":null,"repoOwnedByCurrentUser":null,"requestFullPath":"/mandiant/capa/blob/master/doc/installation.md","showFreeOrgGatedFeatureMessage":null,"showPlanSupportBanner":null,"upgradeDataAttributes":null,"upgradePath":null},"publishBannersInfo":{"dismissActionNoticePath":"/settings/dismiss-notice/publish_action_from_dockerfile","releasePath":"/mandiant/capa/releases/new?marketplace=true","showPublishActionBanner":false},"rawBlobUrl":"https://github.com/mandiant/capa/raw/refs/heads/master/doc/installation.md","renderImageOrRaw":false,"richText":"\u003carticle class=\"markdown-body entry-content container-lg\" itemprop=\"text\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eInstallation\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-installation\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Installation\" href=\"#installation\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eYou can install capa in a few different ways. First, if you simply want to use capa, just download the \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mandiant/capa/releases\"\u003estandalone binary\u003c/a\u003e. If you want to use capa as a Python library, you can install the package directly from GitHub using \u003ccode\u003epip\u003c/code\u003e. If you'd like to contribute patches or features to capa, you can work with a local copy of the source code.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eMethod 1: Standalone installation\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-method-1-standalone-installation\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Method 1: Standalone installation\" href=\"#method-1-standalone-installation\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf you simply want to use capa, use the standalone binaries we host on GitHub: \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mandiant/capa/releases\"\u003ehttps://github.com/mandiant/capa/releases\u003c/a\u003e. These binary executable files contain all the source code, Python interpreter, and associated resources needed to make capa run. This means you can run it without any installation! Just invoke the file using your terminal shell to see the help documentation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWe use PyInstaller to create these packages.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch3 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eLinux Standalone installation\u003c/h3\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-linux-standalone-installation\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Linux Standalone installation\" href=\"#linux-standalone-installation\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe Linux Standalone binary has been built using GLIB 2.26.\nConsequently, it works when using GLIB \u0026gt;= 2.26.\nThis requirement is satisfied by default in newer distribution such as Ubuntu \u0026gt;= 18, Debian \u0026gt;= 10, openSUSE \u0026gt;= 15.1 and CentOS \u0026gt;= 8.\nBut the binary may not work in older distributions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch3 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eMacOS Standalone installation\u003c/h3\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-macos-standalone-installation\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: MacOS Standalone installation\" href=\"#macos-standalone-installation\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eBy default, on MacOS Catalina or greater, Gatekeeper will block execution of the standalone binary. To resolve this, simply try to execute it once on the command-line and then go to \u003ccode\u003eSystem Preferences\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eSecurity \u0026amp; Privacy\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eGeneral\u003c/code\u003e and approve the application:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"/mandiant/capa/blob/master/doc/img/approve.png\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"/mandiant/capa/raw/master/doc/img/approve.png\" alt=\"approve dialog\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eMethod 2: Using capa as a Python library\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-method-2-using-capa-as-a-python-library\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Method 2: Using capa as a Python library\" href=\"#method-2-using-capa-as-a-python-library\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTo install capa as a Python library use \u003ccode\u003epip\u003c/code\u003e to fetch the \u003ccode\u003eflare-capa\u003c/code\u003e module.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch3 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e1. Install capa module\u003c/h3\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-1-install-capa-module\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: 1. Install capa module\" href=\"#1-install-capa-module\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eUse \u003ccode\u003epip\u003c/code\u003e to install the capa module to your local Python environment. This fetches the library code to your computer but does not keep editable source files around for you to hack on. If you'd like to edit the source files, see below. \u003ccode\u003e$ pip install flare-capa\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch4 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNote on capa rules and library identification signatures\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-note-on-capa-rules-and-library-identification-signatures\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Note on capa rules and library identification signatures\" href=\"#note-on-capa-rules-and-library-identification-signatures\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis method is appropriate for integrating capa in an existing project.\nThis technique doesn't pull the default rule set. You can obtain rule releases from \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mandiant/capa-rules/releases\"\u003ecapa-rules\u003c/a\u003e and pass the directory to the entrypoint using \u003ccode\u003e-r\u003c/code\u003e. In the IDA Pro plugin you need to configure the rules directory path once.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight highlight-text-shell-session notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" dir=\"auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ wget https://github.com/mandiant/capa-rules/archive/refs/tags/v4.0.0.zip\n$ unzip v4.0.0.zip\n$ capa -r /path/to/capa-rules suspicious.exe\"\u003e\u003cpre\u003e$ \u003cspan class=\"pl-s1\"\u003ewget https://github.com/mandiant/capa-rules/archive/refs/tags/v4.0.0.zip\u003c/span\u003e\n$ \u003cspan class=\"pl-s1\"\u003eunzip v4.0.0.zip\u003c/span\u003e\n$ \u003cspan class=\"pl-s1\"\u003ecapa -r /path/to/capa-rules suspicious.exe\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis technique also doesn't set up the default library identification \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mandiant/capa/tree/master/sigs\"\u003esignatures\u003c/a\u003e. You can pass the signature directory using the \u003ccode\u003e-s\u003c/code\u003e argument.\nFor example, to run capa with both a rule path and a signature path:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight highlight-text-shell-session notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" dir=\"auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ capa -s /path/to/capa-sigs suspicious.exe\"\u003e\u003cpre\u003e$ \u003cspan class=\"pl-s1\"\u003ecapa -s /path/to/capa-sigs suspicious.exe\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAlternatively, see Method 3 below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch3 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e2. Use capa\u003c/h3\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-2-use-capa\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: 2. Use capa\" href=\"#2-use-capa\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eYou can now import the \u003ccode\u003ecapa\u003c/code\u003e module from a Python script or use the IDA Pro plugins from the \u003ccode\u003ecapa/ida\u003c/code\u003e directory. For more information please see the \u003ca href=\"/mandiant/capa/blob/master/doc/usage.md\"\u003eusage\u003c/a\u003e documentation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eMethod 3: Inspecting the capa source code\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-method-3-inspecting-the-capa-source-code\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Method 3: Inspecting the capa source code\" href=\"#method-3-inspecting-the-capa-source-code\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf you'd like to review and modify the capa source code, you'll need to check it out from GitHub and install it locally. By following these instructions, you'll maintain a local directory of source code that you can modify and run easily.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch3 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e1. Check out source code\u003c/h3\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-1-check-out-source-code\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: 1. Check out source code\" href=\"#1-check-out-source-code\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eClone the capa git repository.\nWe use submodules to separate \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mandiant/capa\"\u003ecode\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mandiant/capa-rules\"\u003erules\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mandiant/capa-testfiles\"\u003etest data\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTo clone everything use the \u003ccode\u003e--recurse-submodules\u003c/code\u003e option:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCAUTION: The capa testfiles repository contains many malware samples. If you pull down everything using this method, you may want to install to a directory that is ignored by your anti-virus software.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/mandiant/capa.git /local/path/to/src\u003c/code\u003e (HTTPS)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ git clone --recurse-submodules git@github.com:mandiant/capa.git /local/path/to/src\u003c/code\u003e (SSH)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTo only get the source code and our provided rules (a more common use-case), follow these steps:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eclone repository\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ git clone https://github.com/mandiant/capa.git /local/path/to/src\u003c/code\u003e (HTTPS)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ git clone git@github.com:mandiant/capa.git /local/path/to/src\u003c/code\u003e (SSH)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ cd /local/path/to/src\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einitialize the rules submodule and pull rules\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ git submodule update --init rules\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch3 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e2. Install the local source code\u003c/h3\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-2-install-the-local-source-code\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: 2. Install the local source code\" href=\"#2-install-the-local-source-code\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eUse \u003ccode\u003epip\u003c/code\u003e to install the source code in \"editable\" mode. This means that Python will load the capa module from the local directory rather than copying it to \u003ccode\u003esite-packages\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003edist-packages\u003c/code\u003e. This is good because it is easy to modify files and see the effects reflected immediately. But, be careful not to remove this directory unless uninstalling capa.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ pip install -e /local/path/to/src\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eYou'll find that the \u003ccode\u003ecapa.exe\u003c/code\u003e (Windows) or \u003ccode\u003ecapa\u003c/code\u003e (Linux/MacOS) executables in your path now invoke the capa binary from this directory.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch4 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eDevelopment\u003c/h4\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-development\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Development\" href=\"#development\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch5 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003evenv [optional]\u003c/h5\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-venv-optional\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: venv [optional]\" href=\"#venv-optional\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFor development, we recommend to use \u003ca href=\"https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/venv.html\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003evenv\u003c/a\u003e. It allows you to create a virtual environment: a self-contained directory tree that contains a Python installation for a particular version of Python, plus a number of additional packages. This approach avoids conflicts between the requirements of different applications on your computer. It also ensures that you don't overlook to add a new requirement to \u003ccode\u003esetup.up\u003c/code\u003e using a library already installed on your system.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTo create an environment (in the parent directory, to avoid committing it by accident or messing with the linters), run: \u003ccode\u003e$ python3 -m venv ../capa-env\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTo activate \u003ccode\u003ecapa-env\u003c/code\u003e in Linux or MacOS, run:\n\u003ccode\u003e$ source ../capa-env/bin/activate\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTo activate \u003ccode\u003ecapa-env\u003c/code\u003e in Windows, run:\n\u003ccode\u003e$ ..\\capa-env\\Scripts\\activate.bat\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFor more details about creating and using virtual environments, check out the \u003ca href=\"https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/venv.html\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003evenv documentation\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch5 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eInstall development dependencies\u003c/h5\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-install-development-dependencies\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Install development dependencies\" href=\"#install-development-dependencies\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWhen developing capa, please use the pinned dependencies found in \u003ccode\u003erequirements.txt\u003c/code\u003e.\nThis ensures that everyone has the exact same, reproducible environment.\nPlease install these dependencies before install capa (from source or from PyPI):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ pip install -r requirements.txt\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWe use the following tools to ensure consistent code style and formatting:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/psf/black\"\u003eblack\u003c/a\u003e code formatter\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pypi.org/project/isort/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eisort\u003c/a\u003e code formatter\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://beta.ruff.rs/docs/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eruff\u003c/a\u003e code linter\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eflake8\u003c/a\u003e code linter\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://mypy-lang.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003emypy\u003c/a\u003e type checking\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mandiant/capa/blob/master/scripts/capafmt.py\"\u003ecapafmt\u003c/a\u003e rule formatter\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTo install these development dependencies, run:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ pip install -e /local/path/to/src[dev]\u003c/code\u003e or\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ pip install -e /local/path/to/src[dev,scripts]\u003c/code\u003e to also install all script dependencies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWe use \u003ca href=\"https://pre-commit.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003epre-commit\u003c/a\u003e so that its trivial to run the same linters \u0026amp; configuration locally as in CI.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eRun all linters like:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"❯ pre-commit run --hook-stage=manual --all-files\nisort....................................................................Passed\nblack....................................................................Passed\nruff.....................................................................Passed\nflake8...................................................................Passed\nmypy.....................................................................Passed\npytest (fast)............................................................Passed\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e❯ pre-commit run --hook-stage=manual --all-files\nisort....................................................................Passed\nblack....................................................................Passed\nruff.....................................................................Passed\nflake8...................................................................Passed\nmypy.....................................................................Passed\npytest (fast)............................................................Passed\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eOr run a single linter like:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"❯ pre-commit run --all-files --hook-stage=manual isort\nisort....................................................................Passed\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e❯ pre-commit run --all-files --hook-stage=manual isort\nisort....................................................................Passed\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eImportantly, you can configure pre-commit to run automatically before every commit by running:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"❯ pre-commit install --hook-type=pre-commit\npre-commit installed at .git/hooks/pre-commit\n\n❯ pre-commit install --hook-type=pre-push\npre-commit installed at .git/hooks/pre-push\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e❯ pre-commit install --hook-type=pre-commit\npre-commit installed at .git/hooks/pre-commit\n\n❯ pre-commit install --hook-type=pre-push\npre-commit installed at .git/hooks/pre-push\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis way you can ensure that you don't commit code style or formatting offenses.\nYou can always temporarily skip the checks by using the \u003ccode\u003e-n\u003c/code\u003e/\u003ccode\u003e--no-verify\u003c/code\u003e git option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch3 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e3. Compile binary using PyInstaller\u003c/h3\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-3-compile-binary-using-pyinstaller\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: 3. Compile binary using PyInstaller\" href=\"#3-compile-binary-using-pyinstaller\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWe compile capa standalone binaries using PyInstaller. To reproduce the build process check out the source code as described above and follow the following steps.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch4 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eInstall PyInstaller:\u003c/h4\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-install-pyinstaller\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Install PyInstaller:\" href=\"#install-pyinstaller\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ pip install pyinstaller\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eOr install capa with build dependencies:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ pip install -e /local/path/to/src[build]\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch4 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eGenerate rule cache\u003c/h4\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-generate-rule-cache\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Generate rule cache\" href=\"#generate-rule-cache\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eGenerate cache for all rules in the \u003ccode\u003erules\u003c/code\u003e folder and save the output in the \u003ccode\u003ecache\u003c/code\u003e folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ python scripts/cache-ruleset.py rules/ cache/\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch4 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eRun Pyinstaller\u003c/h4\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-run-pyinstaller\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Run Pyinstaller\" href=\"#run-pyinstaller\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ pyinstaller .github/pyinstaller/pyinstaller.spec\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eYou can find the compiled binary in the created directory \u003ccode\u003edist/\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/article\u003e","renderedFileInfo":null,"shortPath":null,"symbolsEnabled":true,"tabSize":8,"topBannersInfo":{"overridingGlobalFundingFile":false,"globalPreferredFundingPath":null,"showInvalidCitationWarning":false,"citationHelpUrl":"https://docs.github.com/github/creating-cloning-and-archiving-repositories/creating-a-repository-on-github/about-citation-files","actionsOnboardingTip":null},"truncated":false,"viewable":true,"workflowRedirectUrl":null,"symbols":{"timed_out":false,"not_analyzed":false,"symbols":[{"name":"Installation","kind":"section_1","ident_start":2,"ident_end":14,"extent_start":0,"extent_end":9009,"fully_qualified_name":"Installation","ident_utf16":{"start":{"line_number":0,"utf16_col":2},"end":{"line_number":0,"utf16_col":14}},"extent_utf16":{"start":{"line_number":0,"utf16_col":0},"end":{"line_number":161,"utf16_col":0}}},{"name":"Method 1: Standalone 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file-name-id-mobile" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 fGqKFv"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 eoaCFS js-snippet-clipboard-copy-unpositioned undefined" data-hpc="true"><article class="markdown-body entry-content container-lg" itemprop="text"><div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Installation</h1><a id="user-content-installation" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Installation" href="#installation"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">You can install capa in a few different ways. First, if you simply want to use capa, just download the <a href="https://github.com/mandiant/capa/releases">standalone binary</a>. If you want to use capa as a Python library, you can install the package directly from GitHub using <code>pip</code>. If you'd like to contribute patches or features to capa, you can work with a local copy of the source code.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Method 1: Standalone installation</h2><a id="user-content-method-1-standalone-installation" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Method 1: Standalone installation" href="#method-1-standalone-installation"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">If you simply want to use capa, use the standalone binaries we host on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/mandiant/capa/releases">https://github.com/mandiant/capa/releases</a>. These binary executable files contain all the source code, Python interpreter, and associated resources needed to make capa run. This means you can run it without any installation! Just invoke the file using your terminal shell to see the help documentation.</p> <p dir="auto">We use PyInstaller to create these packages.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h3 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Linux Standalone installation</h3><a id="user-content-linux-standalone-installation" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Linux Standalone installation" href="#linux-standalone-installation"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">The Linux Standalone binary has been built using GLIB 2.26. Consequently, it works when using GLIB >= 2.26. This requirement is satisfied by default in newer distribution such as Ubuntu >= 18, Debian >= 10, openSUSE >= 15.1 and CentOS >= 8. But the binary may not work in older distributions.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h3 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">MacOS Standalone installation</h3><a id="user-content-macos-standalone-installation" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: MacOS Standalone installation" href="#macos-standalone-installation"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">By default, on MacOS Catalina or greater, Gatekeeper will block execution of the standalone binary. To resolve this, simply try to execute it once on the command-line and then go to <code>System Preferences</code> / <code>Security & Privacy</code> / <code>General</code> and approve the application:</p> <p dir="auto"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="/mandiant/capa/blob/master/doc/img/approve.png"><img src="/mandiant/capa/raw/master/doc/img/approve.png" alt="approve dialog" style="max-width: 100%;"></a></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Method 2: Using capa as a Python library</h2><a id="user-content-method-2-using-capa-as-a-python-library" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Method 2: Using capa as a Python library" href="#method-2-using-capa-as-a-python-library"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">To install capa as a Python library use <code>pip</code> to fetch the <code>flare-capa</code> module.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h3 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">1. Install capa module</h3><a id="user-content-1-install-capa-module" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: 1. Install capa module" href="#1-install-capa-module"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Use <code>pip</code> to install the capa module to your local Python environment. This fetches the library code to your computer but does not keep editable source files around for you to hack on. If you'd like to edit the source files, see below. <code>$ pip install flare-capa</code></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h4 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto"><em>Note on capa rules and library identification signatures</em></h4><a id="user-content-note-on-capa-rules-and-library-identification-signatures" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Note on capa rules and library identification signatures" href="#note-on-capa-rules-and-library-identification-signatures"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">This method is appropriate for integrating capa in an existing project. This technique doesn't pull the default rule set. You can obtain rule releases from <a href="https://github.com/mandiant/capa-rules/releases">capa-rules</a> and pass the directory to the entrypoint using <code>-r</code>. In the IDA Pro plugin you need to configure the rules directory path once.</p> <div class="highlight highlight-text-shell-session notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" dir="auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ wget https://github.com/mandiant/capa-rules/archive/refs/tags/v4.0.0.zip $ unzip v4.0.0.zip $ capa -r /path/to/capa-rules suspicious.exe"><pre>$ <span class="pl-s1">wget https://github.com/mandiant/capa-rules/archive/refs/tags/v4.0.0.zip</span> $ <span class="pl-s1">unzip v4.0.0.zip</span> $ <span class="pl-s1">capa -r /path/to/capa-rules suspicious.exe</span></pre></div> <p dir="auto">This technique also doesn't set up the default library identification <a href="https://github.com/mandiant/capa/tree/master/sigs">signatures</a>. You can pass the signature directory using the <code>-s</code> argument. For example, to run capa with both a rule path and a signature path:</p> <div class="highlight highlight-text-shell-session notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" dir="auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ capa -s /path/to/capa-sigs suspicious.exe"><pre>$ <span class="pl-s1">capa -s /path/to/capa-sigs suspicious.exe</span></pre></div> <p dir="auto">Alternatively, see Method 3 below.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h3 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">2. Use capa</h3><a id="user-content-2-use-capa" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: 2. Use capa" href="#2-use-capa"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">You can now import the <code>capa</code> module from a Python script or use the IDA Pro plugins from the <code>capa/ida</code> directory. For more information please see the <a href="/mandiant/capa/blob/master/doc/usage.md">usage</a> documentation.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Method 3: Inspecting the capa source code</h2><a id="user-content-method-3-inspecting-the-capa-source-code" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Method 3: Inspecting the capa source code" href="#method-3-inspecting-the-capa-source-code"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">If you'd like to review and modify the capa source code, you'll need to check it out from GitHub and install it locally. By following these instructions, you'll maintain a local directory of source code that you can modify and run easily.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h3 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">1. Check out source code</h3><a id="user-content-1-check-out-source-code" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: 1. Check out source code" href="#1-check-out-source-code"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Clone the capa git repository. We use submodules to separate <a href="https://github.com/mandiant/capa">code</a>, <a href="https://github.com/mandiant/capa-rules">rules</a>, and <a href="https://github.com/mandiant/capa-testfiles">test data</a>.</p> <p dir="auto">To clone everything use the <code>--recurse-submodules</code> option:</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li>CAUTION: The capa testfiles repository contains many malware samples. If you pull down everything using this method, you may want to install to a directory that is ignored by your anti-virus software.</li> <li><code>$ git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/mandiant/capa.git /local/path/to/src</code> (HTTPS)</li> <li><code>$ git clone --recurse-submodules git@github.com:mandiant/capa.git /local/path/to/src</code> (SSH)</li> </ul> <p dir="auto">To only get the source code and our provided rules (a more common use-case), follow these steps:</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li>clone repository <ul dir="auto"> <li><code>$ git clone https://github.com/mandiant/capa.git /local/path/to/src</code> (HTTPS)</li> <li><code>$ git clone git@github.com:mandiant/capa.git /local/path/to/src</code> (SSH)</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>$ cd /local/path/to/src</code></li> <li>initialize the rules submodule and pull rules</li> <li><code>$ git submodule update --init rules</code></li> </ul> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h3 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">2. Install the local source code</h3><a id="user-content-2-install-the-local-source-code" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: 2. Install the local source code" href="#2-install-the-local-source-code"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Use <code>pip</code> to install the source code in "editable" mode. This means that Python will load the capa module from the local directory rather than copying it to <code>site-packages</code> or <code>dist-packages</code>. This is good because it is easy to modify files and see the effects reflected immediately. But, be careful not to remove this directory unless uninstalling capa.</p> <p dir="auto"><code>$ pip install -e /local/path/to/src</code></p> <p dir="auto">You'll find that the <code>capa.exe</code> (Windows) or <code>capa</code> (Linux/MacOS) executables in your path now invoke the capa binary from this directory.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h4 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Development</h4><a id="user-content-development" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Development" href="#development"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h5 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">venv [optional]</h5><a id="user-content-venv-optional" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: venv [optional]" href="#venv-optional"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">For development, we recommend to use <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/venv.html" rel="nofollow">venv</a>. It allows you to create a virtual environment: a self-contained directory tree that contains a Python installation for a particular version of Python, plus a number of additional packages. This approach avoids conflicts between the requirements of different applications on your computer. It also ensures that you don't overlook to add a new requirement to <code>setup.up</code> using a library already installed on your system.</p> <p dir="auto">To create an environment (in the parent directory, to avoid committing it by accident or messing with the linters), run: <code>$ python3 -m venv ../capa-env</code></p> <p dir="auto">To activate <code>capa-env</code> in Linux or MacOS, run: <code>$ source ../capa-env/bin/activate</code></p> <p dir="auto">To activate <code>capa-env</code> in Windows, run: <code>$ ..\capa-env\Scripts\activate.bat</code></p> <p dir="auto">For more details about creating and using virtual environments, check out the <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/venv.html" rel="nofollow">venv documentation</a>.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h5 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Install development dependencies</h5><a id="user-content-install-development-dependencies" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Install development dependencies" href="#install-development-dependencies"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">When developing capa, please use the pinned dependencies found in <code>requirements.txt</code>. This ensures that everyone has the exact same, reproducible environment. Please install these dependencies before install capa (from source or from PyPI):</p> <p dir="auto"><code>$ pip install -r requirements.txt</code></p> <p dir="auto">We use the following tools to ensure consistent code style and formatting:</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li><a href="https://github.com/psf/black">black</a> code formatter</li> <li><a href="https://pypi.org/project/isort/" rel="nofollow">isort</a> code formatter</li> <li><a href="https://beta.ruff.rs/docs/" rel="nofollow">ruff</a> code linter</li> <li><a href="https://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/" rel="nofollow">flake8</a> code linter</li> <li><a href="https://mypy-lang.org/" rel="nofollow">mypy</a> type checking</li> <li><a href="https://github.com/mandiant/capa/blob/master/scripts/capafmt.py">capafmt</a> rule formatter</li> </ul> <p dir="auto">To install these development dependencies, run:</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li><code>$ pip install -e /local/path/to/src[dev]</code> or</li> <li><code>$ pip install -e /local/path/to/src[dev,scripts]</code> to also install all script dependencies</li> </ul> <p dir="auto">We use <a href="https://pre-commit.com/" rel="nofollow">pre-commit</a> so that its trivial to run the same linters & configuration locally as in CI.</p> <p dir="auto">Run all linters like:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="❯ pre-commit run --hook-stage=manual --all-files isort....................................................................Passed black....................................................................Passed ruff.....................................................................Passed flake8...................................................................Passed mypy.....................................................................Passed pytest (fast)............................................................Passed"><pre class="notranslate"><code>❯ pre-commit run --hook-stage=manual --all-files isort....................................................................Passed black....................................................................Passed ruff.....................................................................Passed flake8...................................................................Passed mypy.....................................................................Passed pytest (fast)............................................................Passed </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">Or run a single linter like:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="❯ pre-commit run --all-files --hook-stage=manual isort isort....................................................................Passed"><pre class="notranslate"><code>❯ pre-commit run --all-files --hook-stage=manual isort isort....................................................................Passed </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">Importantly, you can configure pre-commit to run automatically before every commit by running:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="❯ pre-commit install --hook-type=pre-commit pre-commit installed at .git/hooks/pre-commit ❯ pre-commit install --hook-type=pre-push pre-commit installed at .git/hooks/pre-push"><pre class="notranslate"><code>❯ pre-commit install --hook-type=pre-commit pre-commit installed at .git/hooks/pre-commit ❯ pre-commit install --hook-type=pre-push pre-commit installed at .git/hooks/pre-push </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">This way you can ensure that you don't commit code style or formatting offenses. You can always temporarily skip the checks by using the <code>-n</code>/<code>--no-verify</code> git option.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h3 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">3. Compile binary using PyInstaller</h3><a id="user-content-3-compile-binary-using-pyinstaller" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: 3. Compile binary using PyInstaller" href="#3-compile-binary-using-pyinstaller"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">We compile capa standalone binaries using PyInstaller. To reproduce the build process check out the source code as described above and follow the following steps.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h4 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Install PyInstaller:</h4><a id="user-content-install-pyinstaller" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Install PyInstaller:" href="#install-pyinstaller"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto"><code>$ pip install pyinstaller</code></p> <p dir="auto">Or install capa with build dependencies:</p> <p dir="auto"><code>$ pip install -e /local/path/to/src[build]</code></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h4 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Generate rule cache</h4><a id="user-content-generate-rule-cache" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Generate rule cache" href="#generate-rule-cache"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Generate cache for all rules in the <code>rules</code> folder and save the output in the <code>cache</code> folder.</p> <p dir="auto"><code>$ python scripts/cache-ruleset.py rules/ cache/</code></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h4 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Run Pyinstaller</h4><a id="user-content-run-pyinstaller" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Run Pyinstaller" href="#run-pyinstaller"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto"><code>$ pyinstaller .github/pyinstaller/pyinstaller.spec</code></p> <p dir="auto">You can find the compiled binary in the created directory <code>dist/</code>.</p> </article></div><button hidden=""></button></section></div></div></div> <!-- --> <!-- --> </div></div></div><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0"></div></div></div></div></div><div id="find-result-marks-container" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cCoXib"></div><button hidden="" data-testid="" data-hotkey-scope="read-only-cursor-text-area"></button><button hidden=""></button></div> <!-- --> <!-- --> <script type="application/json" id="__PRIMER_DATA_:R0:__">{"resolvedServerColorMode":"day"}</script></div> </react-app> </turbo-frame> </div> </turbo-frame> </main> </div> </div> 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style="z-index: 999999" data-initial-cookie-consent-allowed="" data-cookie-consent-required="false"></ghcc-consent> <div id="ajax-error-message" class="ajax-error-message flash flash-error" hidden> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-alert"> <path d="M6.457 1.047c.659-1.234 2.427-1.234 3.086 0l6.082 11.378A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.082 15H1.918a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.543-2.575Zm1.763.707a.25.25 0 0 0-.44 0L1.698 13.132a.25.25 0 0 0 .22.368h12.164a.25.25 0 0 0 .22-.368Zm.53 3.996v2.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0ZM9 11a1 1 0 1 1-2 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0Z"></path> </svg> <button type="button" class="flash-close js-ajax-error-dismiss" aria-label="Dismiss error"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-x"> <path d="M3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 6.94l3.22-3.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L9.06 8l3.22 3.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L8 9.06l-3.22 3.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L6.94 8 3.72 4.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path> </svg> </button> You can’t perform that action at this time. </div> <template id="site-details-dialog"> <details class="details-reset details-overlay details-overlay-dark lh-default color-fg-default hx_rsm" open> <summary role="button" aria-label="Close dialog"></summary> <details-dialog class="Box Box--overlay d-flex flex-column anim-fade-in fast hx_rsm-dialog hx_rsm-modal"> <button class="Box-btn-octicon m-0 btn-octicon position-absolute right-0 top-0" type="button" aria-label="Close dialog" data-close-dialog> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-x"> <path d="M3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 6.94l3.22-3.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L9.06 8l3.22 3.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 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1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path> </svg> </clipboard-copy> </div> </template> </div> <div id="js-global-screen-reader-notice" class="sr-only mt-n1" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" ></div> <div id="js-global-screen-reader-notice-assertive" class="sr-only mt-n1" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true"></div> </body> </html>