CINXE.COM

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</head> <body class="path-node page-node-type-page bg- d-flex flex-column h-100"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas d-flex flex-column h-100" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <section class="row no-gutters d-none d-lg-block"> <div class=" "> <div>     <div id="block-cvp-socialmediaheader" data-block-plugin-id="block_content:ac588368-d888-45ee-9305-2ef88c1b9d47" class="white-content color-right">     <div><div class="topheader"><div class="container"><div class="right"><a href="/blog"><span class="blog">Blog</span></a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/CIRPatCHOP/" target="_blank"><span> </span></a><a href="https://give2.chop.edu/give/242953/#!/donation/checkout" target="_blank"><span class="giftlink">Make a Gift</span></a></div></div></div><style type="text/css"> /*<![CDATA[*/ h4.pb-20 { padding-bottom: 0px; } .oneexpand .expandall { display: none!important; } blockquote.align-right p { font-size: 1.25rem; line-height: 33px; font-style: italic; } blockquote.align-right { margin-bottom: 10px; } blockquote p, blockquote p em, blockquote p em span { font-size: 1.1rem; font-size: 1.25rem; line-height: 33px; font-style: italic!important; } .sidebar .block-menu.navigation ul li.nav-item ul li a{ padding:8px 40px 8px 30px; } .path-meet-our-team .col-sm-3.pt-40 { padding-bottom: 40px; padding-top: 0; } .ckeditor-accordion-container &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; dl dt &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; .ckeditor-accordion-toggler,.ckeditor-accordion-container dt .two-col-right .col-main * { color: #33a0bb !important; } .banner-image { background-position: top right; } .page-node-type-front-page .slide__grid .grid__content { border-radius: 0; min-height: 620px; } .slick--view--cvp-leadership .slide__grid .grid__content { min-height: 602px!important; } .page-node-type-front-page .recent-articles .slide__grid .grid__content { border-radius: 0; min-height: 480px; } .pb-60{ padding-bottom:60px } footer nav.block-menu:first-child ul li a.nav-link, .footer-content nav.block-menu:first-child ul li a.nav-link { font-family: 'rubrikmedium'; } .inner-banner, .inner-profilebanner { display: block !important; } .inner-profilebanner.contactform { background: url(https://violence.chop.edu/sites/violence.chop.edu/themes/custom/cvp/images/heroimages/SECONDARY_PATTERN.jpg) no-repeat; } .page-node-type-webform .custom-viewTitle h2 { margin-top: 0; } .path-press-releases .sidebar .menu--about-menu { background: #ffffff; } li.pager__item.btn.btn-light,li.btn.btn-secondary.pager__item.btn.btn-light { padding: 0; }a + li a:first-child { display: none; } .slick-slide img { display: block; width: 100%; } @media screen and (max-width: 1200px) { .ckeditor-accordion-container dt .ckeditor-accordion-toggler span.customtoggle + span { padding-left: 0px !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) { .click-btn img { width: 100%; max-height: 150px; } header .search-area { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; margin-left: 20px; } .inner-banner.row { height: initial; min-height: 150px; background-size: cover; background-repeat: no-repeat; } .white-content.color-top.no-gutters { } .sidebar { padding: 0 15px !important; margin-top: 30px; }.path-publications-view .layout { width: 100%!important; margin: 0 auto; }.ckeditor-accordion-container dt .ckeditor-accordion-toggler span.customtoggle + span { padding-left: 45px !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 991px) { .click-btn img { width: 100%; max-height: 150px; } .inner-banner.row { height: initial; min-height: 150px!important; background-size: cover; background-repeat: no-repeat; }.content-img-caption .align-right { max-width: 100%; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 10px; } } @media (max-width: 568px){ footer .site-address { font-size: 12px; width: 100%; } } .slick-slide { position: relative!important; } .slick-slider .slick-track, .slick-slider .slick-list{ margin:0 } iframe{ width:100% }@media (min-width: 992px){ .menu-toggle { display: none!important; } @media (min-width: 992px){ .region-we-mega-menu .navbar-we-mega-menu ul .we-mega-menu-submenu { top: 200px; } } blockquote { border-left: none!important; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .card-title { /* padding-top: 30%; */ border: none !important; border-radius: 0px; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .collapse-arrow::before { content: "\f067"; /* FontAwesome plus icon */ font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free"; font-weight: 900; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px; color: white; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 35px; height: 35px; background-color: #005587; border-radius: 50%; font-size: 20px; text-align: center; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .description { color: #005587; text-align: left; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .card-title-card { margin-left: 22px; margin-bottom: 25px; font-size: 18px; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .dynamic-div { padding: 20px 30px 30px 30px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; position: relative; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle.btn:focus { box-shadow: none; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .content-title { font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; color: #ffffff; font-family: "rubrik"; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle { color: white; font-size: 20px; font-family: "rubriksemibold"; font-weight: 500; width: 100%; text-align: left; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle span { color: black; margin-top: -3px; margin-right: -20px; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle:hover { color: white; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .collapse-arrow { float: right; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .expand-icon .collapse-arrow::before { content: "\f068"; /* FontAwesome plus icon */ font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free"; color: white; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 35px; height: 35px; background-color: #005587; border-radius: 50%; font-size: 20px; text-align: center; } .goal-card{ position: relative; } .goal-card .background_goal_image{ } .goal-card .content{ position: absolute; z-index: 1; bottom: 0; width: 100%; } .dynamic-div { padding: 20px 30px 30px 30px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; background-color: #EBE7E4 } .card-title-card { margin-left: 22px; margin-bottom: 25px; font-size: 18px; } .dynamic-div h4{ font-size: 1.25rem; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle{ background: none; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .fa-angle-right:before, #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .fa-angle-down:before { display: none; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle a{ color: white; font-size: 20px; font-family: "rubriksemibold"; font-weight: 500; width: 100%; text-align: left; background: none; white-space: normal; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .block-title h2 { text-align: center; } .dynamic-div.left-10:before{ width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 10px solid transparent; border-right: 10px solid transparent; border-bottom: 10px solid #ebe7e4; position: absolute; top: -9px; left: 15%; } .dynamic-div.right-10:before{ width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 10px solid transparent; border-right: 10px solid transparent; border-bottom: 10px solid #ebe7e4; position: absolute; top: -9px; right: 15%; } .dynamic-div.left-50:before{ width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 10px solid transparent; border-right: 10px solid transparent; border-bottom: 10px solid #ebe7e4; position: absolute; top: -9px; left: 50%; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .container + .container h3 { margin-top: 40px; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .container:last-child { margin-bottom: 40px; } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-collapse.show, #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .collapsing { display: none !important; } } .cvts-goals .container .col-12 span{ font-size: 1.875rem; color: #005586; font-family: rubrikmedium; } .cvts-goals .container .col-12 #block--Title{ margin-top: 20px !important; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .container .collapse-cvts-title a{ font-family: rubrikmedium; font-size: 1.875rem; color: #005586; text-transform: none !important; } /*]]>*/ </style></div>  </div>  </div> </div> </section> <section class="fixed-top"> <section class="row no-gutters row no-gutters d-none d-lg-block"> <div class=" "> <div>     <div id="block-cvp-socialmediaheader" data-block-plugin-id="block_content:ac588368-d888-45ee-9305-2ef88c1b9d47" class="white-content color-right">     <div><div class="topheader"><div class="container"><div class="right"><a href="/blog"><span class="blog">Blog</span></a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/CIRPatCHOP/" target="_blank"><span> </span></a><a href="https://give2.chop.edu/give/242953/#!/donation/checkout" target="_blank"><span class="giftlink">Make a Gift</span></a></div></div></div><style type="text/css"> /*<![CDATA[*/ h4.pb-20 { padding-bottom: 0px; } .oneexpand .expandall { display: none!important; } blockquote.align-right p { font-size: 1.25rem; line-height: 33px; font-style: italic; } blockquote.align-right { margin-bottom: 10px; } blockquote p, blockquote p em, blockquote p em span { font-size: 1.1rem; font-size: 1.25rem; line-height: 33px; font-style: italic!important; } .sidebar .block-menu.navigation ul li.nav-item ul li a{ padding:8px 40px 8px 30px; } .path-meet-our-team .col-sm-3.pt-40 { padding-bottom: 40px; padding-top: 0; } .ckeditor-accordion-container &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; dl dt &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; .ckeditor-accordion-toggler,.ckeditor-accordion-container dt .two-col-right .col-main * { color: #33a0bb !important; } .banner-image { background-position: top right; } .page-node-type-front-page .slide__grid .grid__content { border-radius: 0; min-height: 620px; } .slick--view--cvp-leadership .slide__grid .grid__content { min-height: 602px!important; } .page-node-type-front-page .recent-articles .slide__grid .grid__content { border-radius: 0; min-height: 480px; } .pb-60{ padding-bottom:60px } footer nav.block-menu:first-child ul li a.nav-link, .footer-content nav.block-menu:first-child ul li a.nav-link { font-family: 'rubrikmedium'; } .inner-banner, .inner-profilebanner { display: block !important; } .inner-profilebanner.contactform { background: url(https://violence.chop.edu/sites/violence.chop.edu/themes/custom/cvp/images/heroimages/SECONDARY_PATTERN.jpg) no-repeat; } .page-node-type-webform .custom-viewTitle h2 { margin-top: 0; } .path-press-releases .sidebar .menu--about-menu { background: #ffffff; } li.pager__item.btn.btn-light,li.btn.btn-secondary.pager__item.btn.btn-light { padding: 0; }a + li a:first-child { display: none; } .slick-slide img { display: block; width: 100%; } @media screen and (max-width: 1200px) { .ckeditor-accordion-container dt .ckeditor-accordion-toggler span.customtoggle + span { padding-left: 0px !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) { .click-btn img { width: 100%; max-height: 150px; } header .search-area { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; margin-left: 20px; } .inner-banner.row { height: initial; min-height: 150px; background-size: cover; background-repeat: no-repeat; } .white-content.color-top.no-gutters { } .sidebar { padding: 0 15px !important; margin-top: 30px; }.path-publications-view .layout { width: 100%!important; margin: 0 auto; }.ckeditor-accordion-container dt .ckeditor-accordion-toggler span.customtoggle + span { padding-left: 45px !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 991px) { .click-btn img { width: 100%; max-height: 150px; } .inner-banner.row { height: initial; min-height: 150px!important; background-size: cover; background-repeat: no-repeat; }.content-img-caption .align-right { max-width: 100%; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 10px; } } @media (max-width: 568px){ footer .site-address { font-size: 12px; width: 100%; } } .slick-slide { position: relative!important; } .slick-slider .slick-track, .slick-slider .slick-list{ margin:0 } iframe{ width:100% }@media (min-width: 992px){ .menu-toggle { display: none!important; } @media (min-width: 992px){ .region-we-mega-menu .navbar-we-mega-menu ul .we-mega-menu-submenu { top: 200px; } } blockquote { border-left: none!important; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .card-title { /* padding-top: 30%; */ border: none !important; border-radius: 0px; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .collapse-arrow::before { content: "\f067"; /* FontAwesome plus icon */ font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free"; font-weight: 900; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px; color: white; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 35px; height: 35px; background-color: #005587; border-radius: 50%; font-size: 20px; text-align: center; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .description { color: #005587; text-align: left; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .card-title-card { margin-left: 22px; margin-bottom: 25px; font-size: 18px; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .dynamic-div { padding: 20px 30px 30px 30px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; position: relative; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle.btn:focus { box-shadow: none; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .content-title { font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; color: #ffffff; font-family: "rubrik"; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle { color: white; font-size: 20px; font-family: "rubriksemibold"; font-weight: 500; width: 100%; text-align: left; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle span { color: black; margin-top: -3px; margin-right: -20px; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle:hover { color: white; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .collapse-arrow { float: right; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .expand-icon .collapse-arrow::before { content: "\f068"; /* FontAwesome plus icon */ font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free"; color: white; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 35px; height: 35px; background-color: #005587; border-radius: 50%; font-size: 20px; text-align: center; } .goal-card{ position: relative; } .goal-card .background_goal_image{ } .goal-card .content{ position: absolute; z-index: 1; bottom: 0; width: 100%; } .dynamic-div { padding: 20px 30px 30px 30px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; background-color: #EBE7E4 } .card-title-card { margin-left: 22px; margin-bottom: 25px; font-size: 18px; } .dynamic-div h4{ font-size: 1.25rem; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle{ background: none; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .fa-angle-right:before, #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .fa-angle-down:before { display: none; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-toggle a{ color: white; font-size: 20px; font-family: "rubriksemibold"; font-weight: 500; width: 100%; text-align: left; background: none; white-space: normal; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .block-title h2 { text-align: center; } .dynamic-div.left-10:before{ width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 10px solid transparent; border-right: 10px solid transparent; border-bottom: 10px solid #ebe7e4; position: absolute; top: -9px; left: 15%; } .dynamic-div.right-10:before{ width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 10px solid transparent; border-right: 10px solid transparent; border-bottom: 10px solid #ebe7e4; position: absolute; top: -9px; right: 15%; } .dynamic-div.left-50:before{ width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 10px solid transparent; border-right: 10px solid transparent; border-bottom: 10px solid #ebe7e4; position: absolute; top: -9px; left: 50%; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .container + .container h3 { margin-top: 40px; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .container:last-child { margin-bottom: 40px; } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .custom-collapse.show, #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .collapsing { display: none !important; } } .cvts-goals .container .col-12 span{ font-size: 1.875rem; color: #005586; font-family: rubrikmedium; } .cvts-goals .container .col-12 #block--Title{ margin-top: 20px !important; } #block-cvp-views-block-cvp-goals-block-1 .container .collapse-cvts-title a{ font-family: rubrikmedium; font-size: 1.875rem; color: #005586; text-transform: none !important; } /*]]>*/ </style></div>  </div>  </div> </div> </section> <header > <div class="container"> <div class="top-mast "> <div class="header-logo d-flex pl-0">     <div id="block-cvp-sitebranding" data-block-plugin-id="system_branding_block" id="block--Sitebranding"> <div class=""> <div class="logo"> <div class="logo-img"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home" class="chop-logo"> <img src="/sites/violence.chop.edu/files/CHOP%20Center%20for%20Violence%20Prevention_HORIZ_RGB%5B4%5D.jpg" alt="Home" class="img-fluid"/> </a> </div> <div class="pl-4 logo-dept"> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="views-exposed-form" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-apache-solr-search-solr-results-view" id="block-exposedformapache-solr-searchsolr-results-view" data-block-plugin-id="views_exposed_filter_block:apache_solr_search-solr_results_view" id="block--"> <form action="/solr-search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-apache-solr-search-solr-results-view" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textfield form-item-keys js-form-item-keys form-no-label"> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-keys" type="text" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text form-control" /> </div> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"> <div class="input-group"> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-apache-solr-search" type="submit" id="edit-submit-apache-solr-search" value="Apply" class="button js-form-submit form-submit btn btn-primary" /> <div class="svg-search"></div>  </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="right-mast d-xs-block d-lg-none search-area"> <div> <div id="block-mainnavigation-2--2" data-block-plugin-id="we_megamenu_block:main-navigation" id="block--MainNavigation"> <div class="mobile-menu"> <div class="region-we-mega-menu container"> <a class="navbar-toggle collapsed"> Menu <i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i> </a> <nav class="main-navigation navbar navbar-default navbar-we-mega-menu mobile-collapse hover-action" data-menu-name="main-navigation" data-block-theme="cvp" data-style="Default" data-animation="None" data-delay="" data-duration="" data-autoarrow="" data-alwayshowsubmenu="" 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property="dc:title" content="Bullying in Schools" class="hidden"></span> <div class="inner-banner row" style="background:url(/sites/violence.chop.edu/files/2020-10/BULLYING_IN_SCHOOLS.jpg);background-size:cover"> <div class="container"> <div class="row layout"> <div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-12"> <div data-block-plugin-id="field_block:node:article:field_inner_banner" id="block--InnerBanner"> <div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div ><div class="container"> <div class="row layout layout-builder__layout"> <div class="col-12"> <div data-block-plugin-id="system_breadcrumb_block" id="block--Breadcrumbs"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumb" class="container"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a href="/types-violence">Types of Violence</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a href="/bullying-schools">Bullying in Schools</a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="innerpage-content"><div class="container"> <div class="layout row layout-builder__layout"> <div class="col-12 col-md-8"> <div data-block-plugin-id="field_block:node:page:body" id="block--Body"> <div property="content:encoded"><h2>Bullying in Schools</h2><p>Although bullying is sometimes seen as “a part of growing up” or “kids being kids,” imagine the kid who is picked on every day, whether physically, socially, or through cyber-bullying. Think about Rebecca Sedwick, the 12-year-old who committed suicide in Florida following a year of bullying at the hands of two young girls. To Rebecca, the bullying was so serious and distressing that she took her own life.</p><blockquote class="align-right"><p><em>Students need school to be a positive climate where they feel safe.</em></p></blockquote><p>Or consider the 8-year-old boy who writes to Santa Claus about his twin sister bullied over her weight: "Dear Santa ... I wanted a (remote control) car and helicopter, but I don't want that anymore. Kids at school are still picking on my sister and it’s not fair … I prayed that they will stop, and she needs your help."</p><p>Bullying is a prevalent form of youth violence, particularly in school settings. As illustrated in the examples above, it is defined by <strong>aggressive behavior</strong> (i.e., behavior that is intentional and mean) that occurs <strong>repeatedly over time</strong> and within the context of a <strong>power imbalance</strong>. Although both are harmful to youth, there is an important distinction between bullying and aggression — if there is an occasional conflict or fighting between two children of equal strength, size, and social status, this is aggression, but not bullying.</p><div class="content-img-caption"> <figure role="group"><div alt="Voilence prevention" data-embed-button="media_browser" data-entity-embed-display="media_image" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{"image_style":"","image_link":""}" data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="a81ec26e-33ea-4d44-a983-91bd9b084b03" data-langcode="und" title="Voilence prevention" class="embedded-entity"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/violence.chop.edu/files/2020-10/hopscotch_vertical_low_res.jpg" alt="Voilence prevention" title="Voilence prevention" typeof="foaf:Image" /></div> <figcaption class="img-caption">Bullying in schools often occurs in unstructured school settings, such as the playground area during recess.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Most school-aged children are exposed to bullying in some form due to the unequal balance of power and influence that is so common in youth relationships and peer groups. Research shows that bullying and harassment in schools increases in late childhood and peaks in early adolescence, specifically during middle school and typically takes place in unstructured settings such as the cafeteria, hallways, and playground during recess.</p><p>Students need school to be a positive climate where they feel safe. This reduces their own stress and potential aggression, allowing them to focus on the learning necessary for them to be successful in their lives.</p><p>Fortunately, there are actions that students and school staff can take to prevent bullying and harassment in schools and to create a more positive school climate. The culture of school violence cannot be impacted by only working with bullies and victims alone. It takes consistent and united action by everyone — students, school staff, administrators, and parents. </p><p><a href="/types-violence/bullying-schools/power-bystander-and-positive-school-climate" target="_blank">Click here to learn more about the power of a positive school climate.</a></p><h4 class="text-primary mb-0">Program Details</h4><dl class="ckeditor-accordion"><dt>Types of Bullying</dt><dd><p>To better understand how positive efforts can be made, it is important to understand the various types of bullying:</p><ul><li><strong>Physical:</strong> Related to dominance and is the most prevalent form of aggression and bullying among boys (as compared to relational). Behaviors can include hitting, kicking, and threatening violence.</li><li>Relational: Involves the manipulation of social standing or reputations and is the most prevalent form of aggression and bullying among girls (as compared to physical). Behaviors can include starting rumors and social exclusion. <a href="/types-violence/bullying-schools/relational-aggression" target="_blank">Click here to learn more about relational aggression.</a></li><li><strong>Cyber:</strong> Involves using electronics to harm others. This type of bullying can be especially harmful because the perpetrators are more difficult to identify, it can more quickly and impulsively be spread to larger audiences, and the physical evidence of the bullying cannot be easily erased from cyberspace. Victims of cyber bullying are often also victims of traditional off-line bullying. <a href="https://injury.research.chop.edu/violence-prevention-initiative/types-violence-involving-youth/bullying-schools/cyberbullying" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sk="tooltip_parent" data-stringify-link="https://injury.research.chop.edu/violence-prevention-initiative/types-violence-involving-youth/bullying-schools/cyberbullying" delay="150">Click here to learn more about cyberbullying.</a></li></ul><p>Regardless of the type of bullying, there are several key roles that typically participate in the behavior.</p><ul><li>The <strong>bully</strong> has a power advantage as compared to the victim, whether the bully is physically stronger, more popular, and/or more socially influential.</li><li>The <strong>bystanders</strong>, or other peers that witness the bullying event, play a particularly important and perhaps underrated role in bullying.</li></ul><p>Certain sub-groups of adolescents may be at a higher risk for bullying. <a href="/types-violence/bullying-schools/increased-bullying-risk-specific-groups-youth">Click here to learn more.</a></p></dd><dt>Facts and Statistics About Bullying and Harassment in Schools</dt><dd><ul><li>Between 21 and 49% of youth adolescents report being bullied in the past year</li><li>70.6% of youth are bystanders to bullying.</li><li>In a 2010 study, 20% of girls and 25% of boys said they were bullied, bullied others, or both in the last month.</li><li>In the same study, 90% of third to fifth grade students said they felt sorry for students who are bullied, but sympathy often does not translate into action.</li><li>A 2009 study estimated that at least 20.8% of youth in the US were physically bullied, 53.6% were verbally bullied, 51.4% were socially bullied, and 13.6% were cyber bullied at least once over a two-month period.</li><li>Victims of cyber bullying often do not report their victimization and are eight times more likely to carry a weapon to school.</li><li>A 2011 study showed that bullying at age 14 predicted violent convictions between ages 15 and 20, self-reported violence at age 15 to 18, low job status at age 18, and drug use at 27 to 32 years of age.</li></ul></dd><dt>Related CVP Programs</dt><dd><ul><li><a href="https://violence.chop.edu/research-and-programs/bullying-prevention/bullying-classroom-check-up">Bullying Classroom Check-Up (BCCU)</a></li><li><a href="/research-and-programs/bullying-prevention/preventing-aggression-schools-everyday" target="_blank">Preventing Aggression in Schools Everyday (PRAISE)</a></li><li><a href="/research-and-programs/bullying-prevention/friend-friend" target="_blank">Friend to Friend</a></li></ul></dd></dl><h4 class="text-primary mb-0">Recommended Resources</h4><dl class="ckeditor-accordion"><dt><b data-stringify-type="bold"><strong>Relevant Publications</strong></b></dt><dd><ul><li>Leff SS, Waasdorp TE, Paskewich, BS. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27222262/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">The Broader Impact of Friend to Friend (F2F): Effects on Teacher-student Relationships, Prosocial Behaviors, and Relationally and Physically Aggressive Behaviors</a>. <em>Behavior Modification.</em> 2016;40(4):589-610.</li><li>Leff SS, Paskewich BS, Waasdorp TE, Waanders C, Bevans KB, Jawad AF. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30079272/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Friend to Friend: A Randomized Trial for Urban African American Relationally Aggressive Girls</a>. <em>Psychology of Violence. </em>2015;5(4):433-443.</li><li>Leff, SS., Waasdorp, TE., & Mehari, KR. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3111222/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">An Updated Review of Existing Relational Aggression Programs</a>. In S. M. Coyne & J. M. Ostrov (Eds.), <em>The Development of Relational Aggression</em> 2018, pp. 283-317: Oxford University Press.</li><li>Leff SS, Waasdorp TE, Paskewich BS, Gullan RL, Jawad AF, MacEvoy JP, Feinberg BE, Power TJ. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21686034" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">The Preventing Relational Aggression in Schools Everyday Program: A Preliminary Evaluation of Acceptability and Impact</a>. <em>School Psychology Review</em>, 2010, Volume 39, No. 4, pp. 569-587.</li><li>Leff SS, Costigan T, Power TJ. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20729611/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Using Participatory Research to Develop a Playground-based Prevention Program</a>. <em>Journal of School Psychology</em>. 42 (2004), 3-21.</li><li>Leff SS, Gullan RL, Paskewich BS, Abdul-Kabir S, Jawad AF, Grossman M, et al. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19830622/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">An Initial Evaluation of a Culturally-adapted Social Problem Solving and Relational Aggression Prevention Program for Urban African American Relationally Aggressive Girls</a>. <em>Journal of Prevention and Intervention in the Community. </em>2009;37(4):260-274.</li><li>Waasdorp, TE., & Bradshaw, CP. <a href="https://www.nasponline.org/publications/periodicals/spr/volume-46/volume-47-no-1-(2018)/examining-variation-in-adolescent-bystanders-responses-to-bullying" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Examining Variation in Adolescent Bystanders’ Responses to Bullying</a>. <em>School Psychology Review</em>, 2018 Volume 47, No. 1, pp.18-33. </li><li>Waasdorp, TE., Pas, ET., Zablotsky, B., & Bradshaw, CP. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28562260/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Ten-Year Trends in Bullying and Related Attitudes Among 4th- to 12th Graders</a>. <em>Pediatrics</em>, 2017 Volume 139, No. 6, pp. 1-8.</li></ul></dd><dt><b data-stringify-type="bold"><strong>Learn More</strong></b></dt><dd><ul><li><a href="/blog/posts/tags/bullying%20prevention?tag=bullying%20prevention">Perspectives on addressing bullying in schools on the <em>Research in Action</em> blog</a></li><li><a href="/violence-prevention-tools">Downloadable Tools from CHOP's Center for Violence Prevention</a></li><li><a href="http://pbis.org/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Positive Behavioral Intervention and Support</a></li><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/Violenceprevention/youthviolence/index.html" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)</a></li><li><a href="https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43254.pdf" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Student Bullying: Overview of Research, Federal Initiatives, and Legal Issues (Congressional Research Service)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Queen-Bees-Wannabes-Boyfriends-Realities/dp/0307454444" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Queen Bees and Wannabes: Helping Your Daughter Survive Cliques, Gossip, Boyfriends, and the New Realities of Girl World</a></li><li><a href="http://www.today.com/books/masterminds-wingmen-preparing-your-son-pitfalls-boys-world-8C11112133" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">'Masterminds and Wingmen': Preparing your son for the pitfalls of a boy's world</a></li><li><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Social-Aggression-Guilford-Emotional-Development/dp/1572308656" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Social Aggression Among Girls</a></li><li><a href="http://casel.org/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.stopbullying.gov/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">StopBullying.gov</a></li></ul></dd></dl><p>Watch this webinar for teachers and school staff about understanding the issue of bullying and how to prevent it:<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/DXBvm2fshdY" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-4 sidebar"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="-menu" data-block-plugin-id="system_menu_block:about-menu" class="block block-menu navigation menu--about-menu"> <h5 class="visually-hidden" id="-menu">about menu</h5> <ul class="nav navbar-nav parent-nav about-menu" 0> <h5 class=hidden>About CVP</h5> <li class="menu-icon menu-icon-3788 hidden nav-item parent-li"> <a href="/about-cvp" class="nav-link sub-link dropdown-toggle" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/35">About CVP</a> <ul class="parent-nav about-menu nav navbar-nav" 1> <li class="menu-icon menu-icon-3823 nav-item child-li"> <a href="/meet-our-team" class="nav-link child-link dropdown-toggle" data-drupal-link-system-path="meet-our-team">Meet Our Team</a> <ul class="parent-nav about-menu nav navbar-nav" 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