CINXE.COM
Fair Use and the Scholarly Environment — Association of Research Libraries
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.arl.org/xmlrpc.php"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com"> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:400,700" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- search bots --> <!-- analytics --> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-N28L2KJ');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-2854119-1', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/favicon-196x196.png" sizes="196x196"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/favicon-128.png" sizes="128x128"> <meta name="application-name" content="ARL" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#FFFFFF"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="msapplication-square70x70logo" content="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/mstile-70x70.png"> <meta name="msapplication-square150x150logo" content="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/mstile-150x150.png"> <meta name="msapplication-wide310x150logo" content="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/mstile-310x150.png"> <meta name="msapplication-square310x310logo" content="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/favicon/mstile-310x310.png"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.4 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Fair Use and the Scholarly Environment — Association of Research Libraries</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Fair Use and the Scholarly Environment — Association of Research Libraries" /> <meta property="og:description" content="For Fair Use Week 2022, the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) teamed up with the Social Science Research Council (SSRC) #MediaWell project and asked experts to weigh in on how..." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Association of Research Libraries" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/association.of.research.libraries/" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2022-02-22T14:52:16+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2022-07-09T13:43:16+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2022.02.18-sandra-enimil-yale-u-220x166-1.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="220" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="166" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta name="author" content="Sandra Enimil" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@ARLNews" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@ARLNews" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Sandra Enimil" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="4 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/","url":"https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/","name":"Fair Use and the Scholarly Environment — Association of Research Libraries","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.arl.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2022.02.18-sandra-enimil-yale-u-220x166-1.png?fit=220%2C166&ssl=1","datePublished":"2022-02-22T14:52:16+00:00","dateModified":"2022-07-09T13:43:16+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://www.arl.org/#/schema/person/deea84cbb6d2b56b2d7d8d72e45ac6a3"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/#primaryimage","url":"https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2022.02.18-sandra-enimil-yale-u-220x166-1.png?fit=220%2C166&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2022.02.18-sandra-enimil-yale-u-220x166-1.png?fit=220%2C166&ssl=1","width":220,"height":166,"caption":"Sandra Enimil, image courtesy of Enimil"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.arl.org/blog/fair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.arl.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Fair Use and the Scholarly Environment"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.arl.org/#website","url":"https://www.arl.org/","name":"Association of Research Libraries","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.arl.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.arl.org/#/schema/person/deea84cbb6d2b56b2d7d8d72e45ac6a3","name":"Sandra Enimil","url":"https://www.arl.org/author/commlmgr-sandraenimilarl-org/"}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='preconnect' href='//i0.wp.com' /> <link rel='preconnect' href='//c0.wp.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Association of Research Libraries » Feed" href="https://www.arl.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Association of Research Libraries » Comments Feed" href="https://www.arl.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/calendar" title="Association of Research Libraries » iCal Feed" href="https://www.arl.org/events/?ical=1" /> <style id='co-authors-plus-coauthors-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow [class*=wp-block-co-authors-plus]{display:inline} </style> <style id='co-authors-plus-avatar-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto} </style> <style id='co-authors-plus-image-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignfull,.alignwide) :where(img){width:100%}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.2/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.2/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css"> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/plugins/cookie-notice/css/front.min.css?ver=2.5.5"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/style.css?ver=1739397029"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/arl-adjustments.css?ver=1739397029"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/arl-copyright-style.css?ver=1739397029"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/css/yippa-styles.css?ver=1739397029"> <style id='akismet-widget-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .a-stats { --akismet-color-mid-green: #357b49; --akismet-color-white: #fff; --akismet-color-light-grey: #f6f7f7; max-width: 350px; width: auto; } .a-stats * { all: unset; box-sizing: border-box; } .a-stats strong { font-weight: 600; } .a-stats a.a-stats__link, .a-stats a.a-stats__link:visited, .a-stats a.a-stats__link:active { background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green); border: none; box-shadow: none; border-radius: 8px; color: var(--akismet-color-white); cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Roboto', 'Oxygen-Sans', 'Ubuntu', 'Cantarell', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-weight: 500; padding: 12px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.2s ease; } /* Extra specificity to deal with TwentyTwentyOne focus style */ .widget .a-stats a.a-stats__link:focus { background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green); color: var(--akismet-color-white); text-decoration: none; } .a-stats a.a-stats__link:hover { filter: brightness(110%); box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06), 0 0 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16); } .a-stats .count { color: var(--akismet-color-white); display: block; font-size: 1.5em; line-height: 1.4; padding: 0 13px; white-space: nowrap; } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/plugins/searchwp-live-ajax-search/assets/styles/style.css?ver=1.8.4"> <style id='searchwp-live-search-inline-css' type='text/css'> .searchwp-live-search-result .searchwp-live-search-result--title a { font-size: 16px; } .searchwp-live-search-result .searchwp-live-search-result--price { font-size: 14px; } .searchwp-live-search-result .searchwp-live-search-result--add-to-cart .button { font-size: 14px; } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/plugins/searchwp/assets/css/frontend/search-forms.css?ver=4.3.18"> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GT-5MXLKR3" id="google_gtagjs-js" async></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["www.arl.org"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "GT-5MXLKR3"); /* ]]> */ </script> <!-- End Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/30040" /><meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.arl.org/?p=30040' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arl.org%2Fblog%2Ffair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arl.org%2Fblog%2Ffair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.145.0" /><!-- Stream WordPress user activity plugin v4.1.1 --> <script>document.documentElement.className += " js";</script> <meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://www.arl.org"><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.arl.org/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/" /> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <link rel="icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/cropped-ARL_icon_3_512x512.png?fit=32%2C32&ssl=1" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/cropped-ARL_icon_3_512x512.png?fit=192%2C192&ssl=1" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/cropped-ARL_icon_3_512x512.png?fit=180%2C180&ssl=1" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/cropped-ARL_icon_3_512x512.png?fit=270%2C270&ssl=1" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> #frm_combo_inputs_container_162 { display: flex; column-gap: 5%; } #frm_combo_inputs_container_162 .form-field { width: 50%; } #frm_combo_inputs_container_162 .form-field input, #frm_combo_inputs_container_172 .form-field input { margin-bottom: 0; } span.frm_required { color: red; } .frm_forms:not(#form_form_10_container) .frm_description { font-size: 12px; color: #595d64; } .frm_forms:not(#form_form_10_container) .form-label { font-size: 18px; color: #595d64; } .frm_forms input, .frm_forms textarea { border-color: rgb(69, 85, 96); } .frm_forms .frm_submit { display: flex; margin-top: 80px; } .frm_forms .frm_button_submit{ background-color: rgb(18, 79, 140); border: 0px solid transparent; border-radius: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: 12px; padding: 10px; flex: 0 1 auto; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0 auto; text-transform: none; } #frm_field_175_container { display: flex; column-gap: 10px; } #frm_field_175_container label.frm_switch_block { margin-bottom: 0; } #frm_field_175_container #field_62laa { margin-top: 75%; } #search-wrap #search { height: auto; } #searchwp-form-1 { width: 80%; } #searchwp-form-1 div.swp-flex--col { padding-top: 1.5rem; padding-bottom: 1.5rem; justify-content: flex-start; flex-wrap: wrap; } #searchwp-form-1 div.swp-flex--row:nth-child(1) { flex-basis: 100%; } #searchwp-form-1 label.swp-toggle { flex-basis: 100%; flex-grow: 0; margin-left: 0; } #searchwp-form-1 .searchwp-form-quick-search { flex: 1 0 100%; } #searchwp-form-1 .searchwp-form-advanced-filters { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; max-width: 100%; } #searchwp-form-1 .searchwp-form-advanced-filters select.swp-select { flex: 1; min-width: unset; max-width: 100%; } #searchwp-form-1 .searchwp-form-quick-search span { color: white; } #searchwp-form-1 .searchwp-form-quick-search a { color: #7ccb5f; } .swp-p { color: white; } </style> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ARL_logo_2c-600x450.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="600" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="450" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ARL_logo_2c-600x450.png" /> </head> <div style="display:none;"> <svg style="display: none;"> <defs> <symbol id="icon-facebook" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M8.3 10.7h3.3V7.4c0-1.4 0-3.6 1-5C13.7 1 15.2 0 17.8 0c4.1 0 5.8 0.5 5.8 0.5l-0.7 5c0 0-1.4-0.3-2.6-0.3 -1.2 0-2.4 0.5-2.4 1.7v3.8h5.2l-0.3 4.8h-5V32h-6.2V15.5H8.3V10.7z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-facebook-like" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M6.5 14.1c0.6 0 1.2 0.6 1.2 1.3v15.2c0 0.7-0.5 1.3-1.2 1.3H1.2C0.5 32 0 31.4 0 30.7V15.4c0-0.7 0.5-1.3 1.2-1.3H6.5zM11.6 30c-0.8-0.1-1.4-0.8-1.4-1.6 0 0 0-7.4 0-11.3 0-1.3 0.3-3.7 1-4.8C13.1 9.6 14.3 8 15.1 7c0.7-1 1.6-1.9 1.7-2.7 0-1 0-1 0-2.1 0-1.1 0.5-2.2 1.9-2.2 0.7 0 1.2 0.1 1.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 2.4 1.3 4.6S19.2 12 19.2 12c0 0 10.3 0 10.3 0 1.6 0 2.4 1.4 2.4 2.9 0 1.4-0.9 2.5-2.2 2.7 0.7 0.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 2.2 0 1.2-0.8 2.2-1.9 2.4 0.6 0.4 1 1 1 1.8 0 1-0.7 1.9-1.6 2.1 0.5 0.4 0.9 1 0.9 1.7 0 1.2-0.9 2.1-2 2.2H11.6z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-twitter" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M28.7 9.5c0 0.3 0 0.6 0 0.9C28.7 19 22.1 29 10.1 29 6.4 29 2.9 27.9 0 26.1c0.5 0.1 1 0.1 1.6 0.1 3.1 0 5.9-1 8.1-2.8 -2.9-0.1-5.3-1.9-6.1-4.5 0.4 0.1 0.8 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.6 0 1.2-0.1 1.7-0.2 -3-0.6-5.3-3.2-5.3-6.4 0 0 0-0.1 0-0.1 0.9 0.5 1.9 0.8 3 0.8 -1.8-1.2-2.9-3.2-2.9-5.5 0-1.2 0.3-2.3 0.9-3.3 3.2 4 8.1 6.6 13.5 6.9 -0.1-0.5-0.2-1-0.2-1.5 0-3.6 2.9-6.6 6.6-6.6 1.9 0 3.6 0.8 4.8 2.1 1.5-0.3 2.9-0.8 4.2-1.6 -0.5 1.5-1.5 2.8-2.9 3.6 1.3-0.1 2.6-0.5 3.8-1C31.1 7.4 30 8.5 28.7 9.5z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-youtube" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M31.4 23.8c-0.4 1.7-1.8 3-3.4 3.2 -4 0.4-8 0.4-12 0.4s-8 0-12-0.4c-1.7-0.2-3.1-1.5-3.5-3.2C0 21.3 0 18.6 0 16s0-5.3 0.6-7.8C1 6.5 2.3 5.2 4 5c4-0.4 8-0.4 12-0.4s8 0 12 0.4c1.7 0.2 3.1 1.5 3.5 3.2C32 10.7 32 13.4 32 16S32 21.3 31.4 23.8zM22.3 15l-9.1-5.7c-0.4-0.2-0.8-0.2-1.2 0 -0.4 0.2-0.6 0.6-0.6 1v11.4c0 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.6 1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.2 0 0.4-0.1 0.6-0.2l9.1-5.7c0.3-0.2 0.5-0.6 0.5-1S22.7 15.2 22.3 15z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-instagram" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <g> <path d="M16 11.7c-2.3 0-4.3 2-4.3 4.3 0 2.3 2 4.3 4.3 4.3 2.3 0 4.3-2 4.3-4.3C20.3 13.7 18.3 11.7 16 11.7z"/> <path d="M31.9 9.4c-0.1-1.7-0.3-2.9-0.7-3.9 -0.4-1.1-1-1.9-1.8-2.8 -0.9-0.9-1.8-1.4-2.8-1.8 -1-0.4-2.2-0.7-3.9-0.7C20.9 0 20.3 0 16 0s-4.9 0-6.6 0.1C7.7 0.2 6.5 0.4 5.5 0.8c-1.1 0.4-1.9 1-2.8 1.8 -0.9 1-1.5 1.9-1.9 2.9 -0.4 1-0.7 2.2-0.7 3.9C0 11.1 0 11.7 0 16s0 4.9 0.1 6.6c0.1 1.7 0.3 2.9 0.7 3.9 0.4 1.1 1 1.9 1.8 2.8 0.9 0.9 1.8 1.4 2.8 1.8 1 0.4 2.2 0.7 3.9 0.7C11.1 32 11.7 32 16 32s4.9 0 6.6-0.1c1.7-0.1 2.9-0.3 3.9-0.7 1.1-0.4 1.9-1 2.8-1.8 0.9-0.9 1.4-1.8 1.8-2.8 0.4-1 0.7-2.2 0.7-3.9C32 20.9 32 20.3 32 16S32 11.1 31.9 9.4zM16 25.2c-5.1 0-9.2-4.1-9.2-9.2s4.1-9.2 9.2-9.2 9.2 4.1 9.2 9.2S21.1 25.2 16 25.2zM25.5 8.9c-1.3 0-2.4-1.1-2.4-2.4s1.1-2.4 2.4-2.4 2.4 1.1 2.4 2.4S26.8 8.9 25.5 8.9z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-google-plus" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M32 14.6h-3.3v-3.5H26v3.5h-3.3v2.8H26v3.5h2.7v-3.5H32M10.7 13.9v4.4h5.8c-0.4 2.6-2.6 4.6-5.8 4.6 -3.5 0-6.4-3.1-6.4-6.9s2.9-6.8 6.4-6.8c1.6 0 3 0.6 4.1 1.7v0l3-3.2c-1.8-1.8-4.3-2.9-7.1-2.9C4.8 4.8 0 9.8 0 16s4.8 11.2 10.7 11.2c6.2 0 10.2-4.6 10.2-11 0-0.8-0.1-1.6-0.2-2.4C20.7 13.9 10.7 13.9 10.7 13.9z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-pinterest" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M16 32c-1.6 0-3.1-0.2-4.5-0.7 0.6-1 1.3-2.2 1.6-3.4 0 0 0.2-0.7 1.1-4.4 0.5 1.1 2.2 2 3.9 2 5.1 0 8.6-4.7 8.6-11 0-4.7-4-9.2-10.1-9.2 -7.6 0-11.4 5.5-11.4 10 0 2.8 1 5.2 3.3 6.1 0.4 0.1 0.7 0 0.8-0.4 0.1-0.3 0.2-1 0.3-1.3 0.1-0.4 0.1-0.5-0.2-0.9 -0.6-0.8-1.1-1.8-1.1-3.1 0-4 3-7.7 7.9-7.7 4.3 0 6.7 2.6 6.7 6.1 0 4.6-2 8.5-5.1 8.5 -1.7 0-2.9-1.4-2.5-3.1 0.5-2 1.4-4.2 1.4-5.7 0-1.3-0.7-2.4-2.2-2.4 -1.7 0-3.1 1.8-3.1 4.1 0 0 0 1.5 0.5 2.5C10.2 25.7 9.9 27 9.9 27c-0.3 1.2-0.3 2.6-0.3 3.7C3.9 28.2 0 22.6 0 16 0 7.2 7.2 0 16 0s16 7.2 16 16S24.8 32 16 32z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-rss" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M31.6 31.5c-0.3 0.3-0.6 0.5-1 0.5h-3.3c-0.8 0-1.4-0.6-1.5-1.4C25.1 17.4 14.6 6.9 1.4 6.1 0.6 6.1 0 5.5 0 4.7V1.5c0-0.4 0.2-0.8 0.5-1C0.7 0.1 1.1 0 1.5 0c0 0 0 0 0.1 0 8 0.4 15.4 3.8 21.1 9.4 5.7 5.6 9 13.1 9.4 21.1C32 30.9 31.9 31.2 31.6 31.5zM20 31.5c-0.3 0.3-0.7 0.5-1.1 0.5h-3.1c-0.7 0-1.4-0.6-1.4-1.3 -0.7-6.9-6.2-12.4-13.1-13.1C0.6 17.5 0 16.9 0 16.2v-3.1c0-0.4 0.2-0.8 0.5-1.1 0.3-0.3 0.6-0.4 1-0.4 0 0 0.1 0 0.1 0 4.8 0.4 9.4 2.5 12.8 6 3.5 3.4 5.6 8 6 12.8C20.4 30.8 20.2 31.2 20 31.5zM4.4 32C2 32 0 30 0 27.6s2-4.4 4.4-4.4 4.4 2 4.4 4.4S6.8 32 4.4 32z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-menu" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M0 30.4h32v-3.6H0V30.4zM0 17.8h32v-3.6H0V17.8zM0 1.6v3.6h32V1.6H0z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-close" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M32 3.2L28.8 0 16 12.8 3.2 0 0 3.2 12.8 16 0 28.8 3.2 32 16 19.2 28.8 32l3.2-3.2L19.2 16 32 3.2z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-search" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M22.9 20.1h-1.4l-0.5-0.5c1.8-2.1 2.9-4.8 2.9-7.7C23.8 5.3 18.5 0 11.9 0S0 5.3 0 11.9s5.3 11.9 11.9 11.9c2.9 0 5.7-1.1 7.7-2.9l0.5 0.5v1.4l9.1 9.1 2.7-2.7L22.9 20.1zM11.9 20.1c-4.6 0-8.2-3.7-8.2-8.2s3.7-8.2 8.2-8.2 8.2 3.7 8.2 8.2S16.4 20.1 11.9 20.1z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-comments" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M28 3c0.5 0 1 0.5 1 1v16.5c0 0.5-0.5 1-1 1H16.2h-1l-0.8 0.6 -5.9 4.2v-1.7 -3h-3H4c-0.5 0-1-0.5-1-1V4c0-0.5 0.5-1 1-1H28M28 0H4C1.8 0 0 1.8 0 4v16.5c0 2.2 1.8 4 4 4h1.5V32l10.6-7.5H28c2.2 0 4-1.8 4-4V4C32 1.8 30.2 0 28 0L28 0z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-linkedin" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <g> <path d="M3.8 7.8L3.8 7.8C1.5 7.8 0 6.3 0 4.3s1.5-3.6 3.9-3.6 3.8 1.5 3.8 3.6C7.7 6.3 6.2 7.8 3.8 7.8zM7.3 31.3H0.4V10.6h6.9V31.3zM32 31.3h-6.9v-11c0-2.8-1-4.7-3.5-4.7 -1.9 0-3 1.3-3.5 2.5 -0.2 0.5-0.2 1.1-0.2 1.7v11.5H11c0.1-18.7 0-20.6 0-20.6h6.9v3l0 0c0.9-1.4 2.5-3.5 6.2-3.5 4.5 0 7.9 3 7.9 9.3C32 19.5 32 31.3 32 31.3z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-envelope" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M32 3.2H0l0 0v25.6l0 0h32l0 0V3.2L32 3.2zM28.8 25.6H3.2v-16l12.8 8 12.8-8V25.6zM16 14.4l-12.8-8h25.6L16 14.4z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-print" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <path d="M27.2 9.6H4.8C2.1 9.6 0 11.7 0 14.4V24h6.4v6.4h19.2V24H32v-9.6C32 11.7 29.9 9.6 27.2 9.6zM22.4 27.2H9.6v-8h12.8V27.2zM27.2 16c-0.9 0-1.6-0.7-1.6-1.6 0-0.9 0.7-1.6 1.6-1.6 0.9 0 1.6 0.7 1.6 1.6C28.8 15.3 28.1 16 27.2 16zM25.6 1.6H6.4V8h19.2V1.6z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-arrow" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <polygon points="9.3 32 5.5 27.9 18.3 16 5.5 4.1 9.3 0 26.5 16 "/> </symbol> </defs> </svg> </div> <div id="page"> <div id="header-wrap"> <header id="header"> <div id="header-inner"> <div id="logo"> <a href="https://www.arl.org/"> <img src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/imgs/logo.svg " alt="Association of Research Libraries" class="img-fluid"></a> </div><!-- #logo --> <div id="menu-utility" class="d-none d-lg-block"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.arl.org/wp-login.php?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arl.org">Member Login</a></li> </ul> </div><!-- #menu-utility --> <span role="button" class="search-toggle d-none d-lg-block" data-search="open" data-toggle="search" aria-label="Toggle Search"> <svg class="icon-search"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-search"></use> </svg> <svg class="icon-close"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-close"></use> </svg> </span> <span role="button" class="search-toggle d-block d-lg-none" data-search="open" data-toggle="search" aria-label="Toggle Search"> <svg class="icon-search"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-search"></use> </svg> <svg class="icon-close"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-close"></use> </svg> </span> </div><!-- #header-inner --> <div id="menu-wrap" class="menu-wrap"> <nav id="menu"> <ul class="menu-main"><li id="menu-item-13384" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-13384 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/who-we-are/">Who We Are</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-42811" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-news menu-item-42811 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/news/arl-publishes-annual-impact-report-2024/">ARL Impact Report 2024</a></li> <li id="menu-item-36085" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-36085 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/who-we-are/arl-benefits/">ARL Benefits</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16403" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-16403 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/who-we-are/board-of-directors/">Board of Directors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-24389" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-24389 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/who-we-are/#section-code-of-conduct">Code of Conduct Policy and Protocol</a></li> <li id="menu-item-17371" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-17371 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/who-we-are/committees-task-forces-working-groups/">Committees, Task Forces & Working Groups</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41701" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41701 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/who-we-are/arl-community-groups/">ARL Community Groups</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15303" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15303 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/who-we-are/member-institutions/">Member Institutions</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15810" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15810 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/who-we-are/staff/">Staff</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16394" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-16394 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/who-we-are/visiting-program-officers/">Visiting Program Officers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-27867" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27867 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/history-of-arl/">History of ARL</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13395" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13395 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-33576" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-33576 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/sponsorship-opportunities/">Scholarship & Sponsorship Opportunities</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-35798" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-35798 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/sponsorship-opportunities/scholarship-fund-opportunity/">Scholarship Fund Opportunity</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35792" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-35792 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/learning-program-sponsorship-opportunities/">Learning Program Sponsorship Opportunities</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35791" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-35791 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/event-sponsorship-opportunities/">Event Sponsorship Opportunities</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-15261" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-15261 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/our-priorities/">Our Priorities</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-14754" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14754 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/our-priorities/advocacy-public-policy/">Advocacy & Public Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15263" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15263 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/our-priorities/data-analytics/">Data & Analytics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14752" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14752 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/our-priorities/diversity-equity-inclusion/">Diversity, Equity & Inclusion</a></li> <li id="menu-item-31590" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-31590 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/our-priorities/learning-at-arl/">Learning at ARL</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15262" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15262 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/our-priorities/scholars-scholarship/">Scholars & Scholarship</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-13415" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-13415 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/news-category/arl-news/">News</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-15813" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-news-category menu-item-15813 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/news-category/arl-news/">ARL News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15814" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-news-category menu-item-15814 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/news-category/community-updates/">Community Updates</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22306" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-22306 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/day-in-review/">Day in Review</a></li> <li id="menu-item-19869" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19869 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/press-coverage/">Press Coverage</a></li> <li id="menu-item-37912" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-37912 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/our-priorities/advocacy-public-policy/public-policy-briefing/">Public Policy Briefing</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23477" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-23477 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/statements/">Statements</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-15901" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-15901 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/publications-a-resources/">Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-15898" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-arl-terms menu-item-15898 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/arl-annual-salary-survey/">ARL Annual Salary Survey</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15815" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-arl-terms menu-item-15815 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/arl-statistics/">ARL Statistics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20796" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-20796 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/blog/">ARL Views Blog</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15895" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-arl-terms menu-item-15895 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/issue-briefs/">Issue Briefs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33600" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33600 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/know-your-copyrights/">Know Your Copyrights</a></li> <li id="menu-item-26881" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-26881 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/rlif-practice-briefs-reports">Library Impact Practice Briefs and Reports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18975" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18975 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/reports/">Reports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15896" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-arl-terms menu-item-15896 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/research-library-issues/">Research Library Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15899" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-arl-terms menu-item-15899 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/spec-kits/">SPEC Kits</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33508" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-33508 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/category/toolkits/">Toolkits</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16986" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-arl-terms menu-item-16986 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/webcasts/">Webinars</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13423" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-publications menu-item-13423 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/resources/publications-ordering-information/">Publications Ordering Information</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-13431" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-13431 current-menu-item"><a href="/event/">Events</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-13432" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13432 current-menu-item"><a href="/events/list/">Upcoming Events List</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13433" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13433 current-menu-item"><a href="/events/list/?tribe_paged=1&tribe_event_display=past">Past Events List</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35234" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-35234 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/future-membership-meetings/">Future Semiannual Association Meetings</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-13434" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-13434 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/jobs/">Jobs</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-13436" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13436 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/jobs/job-listings/">Job/Residency/Internship Listings</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13437" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13437 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/jobs/start/">Post a Job</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15117" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15117 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/jobs/rl-position-description-bank/">Research Libraries Position Description Bank</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul id="menu-utility-mobile"> <li><a href="https://www.arl.org/wp-login.php?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arl.org">Member Login</a></li> </ul> </nav> <span role="button" class="menu-toggle" data-toggle="menu-open" aria-label="Toggle Mobile Menu"> <svg class="icon-menu"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-menu"></use> </svg> <svg class="icon-close"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-close"></use> </svg> </span> <div id="search-wrap"> <div id="search"> <style> #searchwp-form-1 .swp-input, #searchwp-form-1 .swp-select { border: 1px solid ; border-radius: 0; } #searchwp-form-1 .searchwp-form-input-container .swp-select { border-right: 0; } #searchwp-form-1 input[type=submit] { border-radius: 0; } #searchwp-form-1 input[type=submit] { background-color: transparent; border: 1px solid; } </style> <form id="searchwp-form-1" role="search" method="get" class="searchwp-form" action="https://www.arl.org/"> <input type="hidden" name="swp_form[form_id]" value="1"> <div class="swp-flex--col swp-flex--wrap swp-flex--gap-md"> <div class="swp-flex--row swp-items-stretch swp-flex--gap-md"> <div class="searchwp-form-input-container swp-items-stretch"> <select class="swp-select" name="swp_tax_limiter[category]"> <option value="">Any Category</option> <option value="1919">Academic Freedom</option> <option value="985">Advocacy & Public Policy</option> <option value="1849">Advocacy Letters & Statements</option> <option value="1879">Appropriations</option> <option value="2131">ARL Benefits</option> <option value="2191">ARL Community Groups</option> <option value="196">ARL Statistical Trends</option> <option value="197">ARL Statistics and Salary Surveys</option> <option value="1729">Blog</option> <option value="214">Board of Directors</option> <option value="2055">Broadband & Open Internet</option> <option value="189">Broadband & Open Internet</option> <option value="1682">Civil & Human Rights</option> <option value="1931">Civil & Human Rights</option> <option value="1908">Collections and the Scholarly Record</option> <option value="2186">Community Engagement</option> <option value="2157">Copyright</option> <option value="1734">COVID-19</option> <option value="2125">Create Opportunities to Shape Research Libraries</option> <option value="989">Data & Analytics</option> <option value="1766">Day in Review</option> <option value="990">Diversity, Equity & Inclusion</option> <option value="988">Government Information</option> <option value="1920">Government Information</option> <option value="1921">Higher Education Policy</option> <option value="2050">Intellectual and Academic Freedom</option> <option value="2113">Intensive Learning Program</option> <option value="1918">International Students & DACA Recipients</option> <option value="208">Julia C. Blixrud Memorial Fund, Lecture & Scholarship</option> <option value="991">Kaleidoscope Program</option> <option value="188">Know Your Copyrights</option> <option value="209">Leadership and Career Development Program</option> <option value="203">Leadership Fellows Program</option> <option value="1971">Learning at ARL</option> <option value="992">Member Institutions</option> <option value="1930">Open Science</option> <option value="1685">Our Priorities</option> <option value="1922">Personnel/Confirmations</option> <option value="986">Privacy</option> <option value="2158">Public Policy Briefing</option> <option value="1942">Publisher Transparency</option> <option value="1909">Research and Scholarship</option> <option value="2161">Research Ecosystem</option> <option value="1120">Research Library Impact Framework Initiative and Pilots</option> <option value="2142">Research Security</option> <option value="984">Scholars & Scholarship</option> <option value="216">Staff</option> <option value="2054">Toolkits</option> <option value="1">Uncategorized</option> <option value="1061">University-based Publishing</option> <option value="1683">Who We Are</option> <option value="2117">Year in Review</option> </select> <input type="search" class="swp-input--search swp-input" placeholder="" value="" name="s" title="" data-swplive="true" data-swpengine="default" /> </div> </div> <label class="swp-toggle swp-flex--row swp-margin-l-auto swp-flex--gap-md"> <input class="swp-toggle-checkbox" type="checkbox" autocomplete="off" disabled /> <div class="swp-toggle-switch swp-toggle-switch--mini"></div> <span class="swp-p"> Advanced Search </span> </label> <div class="searchwp-form-advanced-filters swp-flex--row swp-flex--gap-sm"style="display: none;"> <select class="swp-select" name="swp_author_limiter" disabled='disabled'><option value="">Any Author</option><option value="63" title="Posts by Administrator">Administrator</option><option value="329" title="Posts by Alanna Aiko Moore">Alanna Aiko Moore</option><option value="353" title="Posts by Alisha Keig">Alisha Keig</option><option value="67" title="Posts by Amy Bulgrien">Amy Bulgrien</option><option value="72" title="Posts by Amy Yeager">Amy Yeager</option><option value="254" title="Posts by Anam Mian">Anam Mian</option><option value="375" title="Posts by Andrew Pace">Andrew Pace</option><option value="76" title="Posts by Angela Pappalardo">Angela Pappalardo</option><option value="257" title="Posts by ARL Comms and Gary Price, infoDOCKET">ARL Comms and Gary Price, infoDOCKET</option><option value="248" title="Posts by ARL Communications">ARL Communications</option><option value="351" title="Posts by Audrey Grace">Audrey Grace</option><option value="380" title="Posts by Bernice Meja">Bernice Meja</option><option value="249" title="Posts by Brandon Butler">Brandon Butler</option><option value="269" title="Posts by Caile Morris">Caile Morris</option><option value="83" title="Posts by Corey Brown">Corey Brown</option><option value="276" title="Posts by Cynthia Hudson Vitale">Cynthia Hudson Vitale</option><option value="407" title="Posts by Cynthia Hudson Vitale and Judy Ruttenberg">Cynthia Hudson Vitale and Judy Ruttenberg</option><option value="258" title="Posts by Cynthia Hudson-Vitale">Cynthia Hudson-Vitale</option><option value="277" title="Posts by Cynthia Hudson-Vitale and Judy Ruttenberg">Cynthia Hudson-Vitale and Judy Ruttenberg</option><option value="290" title="Posts by Cynthia Lee, UCLA Library">Cynthia Lee, UCLA Library</option><option value="260" title="Posts by Deborah Grayson">Deborah Grayson</option><option value="289" title="Posts by DeLa Dos">DeLa Dos</option><option value="317" title="Posts by Derek Hsi, Jake Yoneda, and Jack Lerner, UCI Intellectual Property, Arts, and Technology Clinic">Derek Hsi, Jake Yoneda, and Jack Lerner, UCI Intellectual Property, Arts, and Technology Clinic</option><option value="216" title="Posts by Elizabeth Waraksa">Elizabeth Waraksa</option><option value="315" title="Posts by Eric Goldman">Eric Goldman</option><option value="64" title="Posts by Gary Roebuck">Gary Roebuck</option><option value="215" title="Posts by Holly Gross">Holly Gross</option><option value="282" title="Posts by Jack Lerner, Luke Hartman, and Jordin Wilcher">Jack Lerner, Luke Hartman, and Jordin Wilcher</option><option value="303" title="Posts by Jaymey Butler">Jaymey Butler</option><option value="300" title="Posts by Jerrell Jones">Jerrell Jones</option><option value="235" title="Posts by Jessica Aiwuyor">Jessica Aiwuyor</option><option value="246" title="Posts by Jessica Andrade">Jessica Andrade</option><option value="271" title="Posts by Jim Tobias">Jim Tobias</option><option value="2" title="Posts by joeyblake">joeyblake</option><option value="133" title="Posts by John Culshaw">John Culshaw</option><option value="296" title="Posts by Jonathan Band">Jonathan Band</option><option value="71" title="Posts by Judy Ruttenberg">Judy Ruttenberg</option><option value="272" title="Posts by Katherine Klosek">Katherine Klosek</option><option value="413" title="Posts by Katherine Klosek with assistance from Claude.ai">Katherine Klosek with assistance from Claude.ai</option><option value="382" title="Posts by Katherine Klosek, ARL & John M. Unsworth, University of Virginia">Katherine Klosek, ARL & John M. Unsworth, University of Virginia</option><option value="409" title="Posts by Katherine Klosek, ARL & Katherine McColgan, CARL">Katherine Klosek, ARL & Katherine McColgan, CARL</option><option value="377" title="Posts by Katherine Klosek, Director of Information Policy and Federal Relations, Association of Research Libraries (ARL), and Marjory S. Blumenthal, Senior Policy Fellow, American Library Association (ALA) Office of Public Policy and Advocacy">Katherine Klosek, Director of Information Policy and Federal Relations, Association of Research Libraries (ARL), and Marjory S. Blumenthal, Senior Policy Fellow, American Library Association (ALA) Office of Public Policy and Advocacy</option><option value="81" title="Posts by Katie Monroe">Katie Monroe</option><option value="270" title="Posts by Katya Pereyaslavska">Katya Pereyaslavska</option><option value="65" title="Posts by Kaylyn Groves">Kaylyn Groves</option><option value="378" title="Posts by Kaylyn Groves and Andrew K. Pace">Kaylyn Groves and Andrew K. Pace</option><option value="242" title="Posts by Kevin Borden">Kevin Borden</option><option value="322" title="Posts by Kien Tseng">Kien Tseng</option><option value="217" title="Posts by Krista Cox">Krista Cox</option><option value="373" title="Posts by Kristen Brozowski, Elliot Felix, Sean Franklin, Julie Janiski, and Julian Parsley, Buro Happold Advisory">Kristen Brozowski, Elliot Felix, Sean Franklin, Julie Janiski, and Julian Parsley, Buro Happold Advisory</option><option value="261" title="Posts by Laura Quilter, Meg Oakley, and Sara Benson">Laura Quilter, Meg Oakley, and Sara Benson</option><option value="354" title="Posts by Leo S. Lo, University of New Mexico, and Cynthia Hudson Vitale, ARL">Leo S. Lo, University of New Mexico, and Cynthia Hudson Vitale, ARL</option><option value="192" title="Posts by Lorraine Haricombe">Lorraine Haricombe</option><option value="405" title="Posts by Marcel LaFlamme">Marcel LaFlamme</option><option value="68" title="Posts by Mark Puente">Mark Puente</option><option value="347" title="Posts by Mary Calo">Mary Calo</option><option value="211" title="Posts by Mary Lee Kennedy">Mary Lee Kennedy</option><option value="292" title="Posts by Micah Vandegrift">Micah Vandegrift</option><option value="80" title="Posts by Mira Swearer">Mira Swearer</option><option value="264" title="Posts by Natalie Meyers, Judy Ruttenberg, and Cynthia Hudson-Vitale">Natalie Meyers, Judy Ruttenberg, and Cynthia Hudson-Vitale</option><option value="265" title="Posts by Nix Mendy">Nix Mendy</option><option value="301" title="Posts by Pascal Calarco">Pascal Calarco</option><option value="73" title="Posts by Prue Adler">Prue Adler</option><option value="218" title="Posts by Ryan Clough">Ryan Clough</option><option value="293" title="Posts by Samantha Musser">Samantha Musser</option><option value="314" title="Posts by Sandra Enimil">Sandra Enimil</option><option value="403" title="Posts by Sara Benson, Marjory S. Blumenthal, and Katherine Klosek">Sara Benson, Marjory S. Blumenthal, and Katherine Klosek</option><option value="69" title="Posts by Shaneka Morris">Shaneka Morris</option><option value="313" title="Posts by Shawna Taylor">Shawna Taylor</option><option value="410" title="Posts by Shawna Taylor and Cynthia Hudson Vitale">Shawna Taylor and Cynthia Hudson Vitale</option><option value="374" title="Posts by Shawna Taylor, Project Manager, Open Science, ARL, and Mikala Narlock, Director, Data Curation Network">Shawna Taylor, Project Manager, Open Science, ARL, and Mikala Narlock, Director, Data Curation Network</option><option value="70" title="Posts by Sue Baughman">Sue Baughman</option><option value="321" title="Posts by Ted Habermann, Metadata Game Changers">Ted Habermann, Metadata Game Changers</option><option value="330" title="Posts by Tony Ellis">Tony Ellis</option><option value="368" title="Posts by Tony Ellis, ARL, and Gary Price, infoDOCKET">Tony Ellis, ARL, and Gary Price, infoDOCKET</option><option value="299" title="Posts by University Libraries, The University of Arizona">University Libraries, The University of Arizona</option><option value="386" title="Posts by Xuemao Wang, Northwestern University; Dianne Babski, US National Library of Medicine; Christy Long, University of Oregon; Devin Savage, Illinois Institute of Technology; Catherine Steeves, Western University; and Cynthia Hudson Vitale, ARL">Xuemao Wang, Northwestern University; Dianne Babski, US National Library of Medicine; Christy Long, University of Oregon; Devin Savage, Illinois Institute of Technology; Catherine Steeves, Western University; and Cynthia Hudson Vitale, ARL</option><select><select class="swp-select" name="swp_post_type_limiter" disabled='disabled'><option value="">Any Post Type</option><option value="post.tribe_events" title="Events">Events</option><option value="post.attachment" title="Media">Media</option><option value="post.member-resource" title="Member Resources">Member Resources</option><option value="post.news" title="News">News</option><option value="post.page" title="Pages">Pages</option><option value="post.people" title="People">People</option><option value="post.post" title="Posts">Posts</option><option value="post.publications" title="Resources">Resources</option><select><select class="swp-select" name="swp_tax_limiter[post_tag]" disabled='disabled'><option value="">Any Tag</option><option value="1768" title="Day in Review">Day in Review</option><option value="1844" title="Fair Use Week 2021">Fair Use Week 2021</option><option value="1845" title="Fair Dealing Week 2021">Fair Dealing Week 2021</option><option value="72" title="copyright">copyright</option><option value="2111" title="Realities of Academic Data Sharing (RADS)">Realities of Academic Data Sharing (RADS)</option><option value="1776" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</option><option value="1891" title="American Council on Education (ACE)">American Council on Education (ACE)</option><option value="1890" title="appropriations">appropriations</option><option value="1896" title="Data Science">Data Science</option><option value="1973" title="LGBTQIA+ Pride Month">LGBTQIA+ Pride Month</option><option value="1840" title="presidential transitions">presidential transitions</option><option value="1839" title="National Archives">National Archives</option><option value="1838" title="public domain">public domain</option><option value="73" title="fair use">fair use</option><option value="90" title="open access">open access</option><option value="170" title="copyright office">copyright office</option><option value="172" title="OER">OER</option><option value="1794" title="CONTU">CONTU</option><option value="1804" title="sovereign immunity">sovereign immunity</option><option value="1811" title="open science">open science</option><option value="1816" title="ARL Action Plan">ARL Action Plan</option><option value="2206" title="Retired Member Representatives">Retired Member Representatives</option><select> </div> <div class="searchwp-form-quick-search"> <span>Popular searches: </span> <a href="https://www.arl.org/?s=library&swp_form%5Bform_id%5D=1" class="">library</a> <a href="https://www.arl.org/?s=university%20of%20texas&swp_form%5Bform_id%5D=1" class="">university of texas</a> <a href="https://www.arl.org/?s=artificial%20intelligence&swp_form%5Bform_id%5D=1" class="">artificial intelligence</a> </div> </div> </form> <span role="button" class="search-close-toggle" data-search="close" aria-label="Close"> <span>×</span> </span> </div><!-- #search --> </div><!-- #search-wrap --> <div class="search-filters-wrap"> <div class="search-filters"> <!-- <form action="#"> --> <div class="search-filters-inner"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="search-filters-header"> <h2>Search Filters</h2> </div> <!-- .search-filters-header--> <p></p> <div class="filter-block"> <div class="form-group row"> <label for="filter-year-published" class="col-md-3 col-lg-2 col-form-label">Year Published:</label> <div class="col-md-5 col-lg-4"> <select class="form-control" name="filter_arl-term[]" id="filter-year-published"> <option value="">All</option> <option value="2024" >2024</option> <option value="2023" >2023</option> <option value="2022" >2022</option> <option value="2021" >2021</option> <option value="2020" >2020</option> <option value="2019" >2019</option> <option value="2018" >2018</option> <option value="2017" >2017</option> <option value="2016" >2016</option> <option value="2015" >2015</option> <option value="2014" >2014</option> <option value="2013" >2013</option> <option value="2012" >2012</option> <option value="2011" >2011</option> <option value="2010" >2010</option> <option value="2005-2009" >2005–2009</option> <option value="2000-2004" >2000–2004</option> <option value="1995-1999" >1995–1999</option> <option value="1990-1994" >1990–1994</option> <option value="1985-1989" >1985–1989</option> </select> </div> <!-- .col --> </div> <!-- .form-group.row --> <div class="form-group row"> <label for="filter-file-type" class="col-md-3 col-lg-2 col-form-label">File Type:</label> <div class="col-md-5 col-lg-4"> <select class="form-control" name="filter_arl-term[]" id="filter-file-type"> <option value="">All</option> <option value="audio" >Audio</option> <option value="image" >Image</option> <option value="slide" >Slide</option> <option value="spreadsheet" >Spreadsheet</option> <option value="text" >Text</option> <option value="video" >Video</option> </select> </div> <!-- .col --> </div> <!-- .form-group.row --> <div class="form-group row"> <label for="filter-publication-type" class="col-md-3 col-lg-2 col-form-label">Publication Type:</label> <div class="col-md-5 col-lg-4"> <select class="form-control" name="filter_arl-term[]" id="filter-publication-type"> <option value="">All</option> <option value="advocacy-and-public-policy-update" >Advocacy and Public Policy Update</option> <option value="amicus-brief" >Amicus Brief</option> <option value="arl-academic-health-sciences-library-statistics" >ARL Academic Health Sciences Library Statistics</option> <option value="arl-academic-law-library-statistics" >ARL Academic Law Library Statistics</option> <option value="arl-annual-salary-survey" >ARL Annual Salary Survey</option> <option value="arl-statistics" >ARL Statistics</option> <option value="comment" >Comment</option> <option value="filing" >Filing</option> <option value="infographic" >Infographic</option> <option value="issue-briefs" >Issue Briefs</option> <option value="letter" >Letter</option> <option value="rlif-practice-briefs-reports" >Library Impact Practice Briefs and Reports</option> <option value="memorandum" >Memorandum</option> <option value="monograph" >Monograph</option> <option value="new-roles-for-new-times" >New Roles for New Times</option> <option value="occasional-paper" >Occasional Paper</option> <option value="principles" >Principles</option> <option value="proceedings" >Proceedings</option> <option value="projects-in-the-pipeline" >Projects in the Pipeline</option> <option value="reports" >Reports</option> <option value="research-library-issues" >Research Library Issues</option> <option value="spec-kits" >SPEC Kits</option> <option value="statements" >Statements</option> <option value="synergy" >Synergy</option> <option value="talking-points" >Talking Points</option> <option value="testimony" >Testimony</option> <option value="webcasts" >Webinars</option> </select> </div> <!-- .col --> </div> <!-- .form-group.row --> <div class="form-group row"> <label for="filter-event-related" class="col-md-3 col-lg-2 col-form-label">Event Related:</label> <div class="col-md-5 col-lg-4"> <select class="form-control" name="filter_arl-term[]" id="filter-event-related"> <option value="">All</option> <option value="acrl-conference" >ACRL Conference</option> <option value="ala-annual-conference" >ALA Annual Conference</option> <option value="ala-midwinter-meeting" >ALA Midwinter Meeting</option> <option value="arl-annual-leadership-symposium" >ARL Annual Leadership Symposium</option> <option value="arl-association-meeting" >ARL Association Meeting</option> <option value="arl-board-meeting" >ARL Board Meeting</option> <option value="arl-dei-institute" >ARL DEI Institute</option> <option value="arl-survey-coordinators-and-spec-liaisons-meetings" >ARL Survey Coordinators and SPEC Liaisons meetings</option> <option value="arl-saa-digital-archives-specialist-das-courses" >ARL-SAA Digital Archives Specialist (DAS) courses</option> <option value="arlies-film-festival" >ARLIES Film Festival</option> <option value="climatequal-events" >ClimateQUAL events</option> <option value="fall-forum" >Fall Forum</option> <option value="hr-symposium" >HR Symposium</option> <option value="ideal" >IDEAL</option> <option value="libqual-events" >LibQUAL events</option> <option value="library-assessment-conference" >Library Assessment Conference</option> <option value="library-assessment-forum" >Library Assessment Forum</option> <option value="member-only-events" >Member-Only Events</option> <option value="new-assessment-coordinators-events" >New Assessment Coordinators events</option> <option value="presidents-institute" >President's Institute</option> <option value="share-events" >SHARE events</option> <option value="webinars-web-conferences" >webinars/web conferences</option> <option value="xml-xslt-workshops" >XML/XSLT workshops</option> </select> </div> <!-- .col --> </div> <!-- .form-group.row --> </div> <!-- .filter-block --> <div class="filter-block"> <h3>Topics</h3> <div class="filter-checkboxes"> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="access-to-government-information" > <span class="label"> Access to Government Information </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="accessibility" > <span class="label"> Accessibility </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="advocacy" > <span class="label"> Advocacy </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="anti-racism" > <span class="label"> Anti-racism </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="antitrust" > <span class="label"> Antitrust </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="appropriations" > <span class="label"> Appropriations </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="arl-learning-network" > <span class="label"> ARL Learning Network </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="arl-strategic-framework" > <span class="label"> ARL Strategic Framework </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="artificial-intelligence-ai" > <span class="label"> Artificial Intelligence (AI) </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="assessment" > <span class="label"> Assessment </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="author-rights" > <span class="label"> Author Rights </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="balanced-scorecard" > <span class="label"> Balanced Scorecard </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="calea" > <span class="label"> CALEA </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="campus-engagement" > <span class="label"> Campus Engagement </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="climatequal" > <span class="label"> ClimateQUAL </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="code-of-best-practices-in-fair-use" > <span class="label"> Code of Best Practices in Fair Use </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="collaboration" > <span class="label"> Collaboration </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="collective-collections" > <span class="label"> Collective Collections </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="community-engagement" > <span class="label"> Community Engagement </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="copyright" > <span class="label"> Copyright </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="copyright-term" > <span class="label"> Copyright Term </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="court-cases" > <span class="label"> Court Cases </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="covid-19" > <span class="label"> COVID-19 </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="data-curation" > <span class="label"> Data Curation </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="data-management" > <span class="label"> Data Management </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="data-policies" > <span class="label"> Data Policies </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="digital-millennium-copyright-act-dmca" > <span class="label"> Digital Millennium Copyright Act/DMCA </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="digital-rights" > <span class="label"> Digital Rights </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="digital-scholarship" > <span class="label"> Digital Scholarship </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="digital-scholarship-profiles" > <span class="label"> Digital Scholarship Profiles </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="digitization" > <span class="label"> Digitization </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="diversity" > <span class="label"> Diversity Equity & Inclusion </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="e-books" > <span class="label"> E-Books </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="e-research" > <span class="label"> E-Research </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="e-science" > <span class="label"> E-Science </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="elliott-shores-listening-tour" > <span class="label"> Elliott Shore’s Listening Tour </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="fair-use" > <span class="label"> Fair Use </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="federal-depository-library-program-fdlp" > <span class="label"> Federal Depository Library Program/FDLP </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="federal-funding" > <span class="label"> Federal Funding </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="first-sale" > <span class="label"> First Sale </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="freedom-of-expression" > <span class="label"> Freedom of Expression </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="freedom-of-information-act-foia" > <span class="label"> Freedom of Information Act/FOIA </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="google-books" > <span class="label"> Google Books </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="in-memoriam" > <span class="label"> In Memoriam </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="innovation" > <span class="label"> Innovation </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="institute-on-scholarly-communication" > <span class="label"> Institute on Scholarly Communication </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="intellectual-property" > <span class="label"> Intellectual Property </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="intensive-learning-program-ilp" > <span class="label"> Intensive Learning Program (ILP) </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="interlibrary-loan" > <span class="label"> Interlibrary Loan </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="international-copyright" > <span class="label"> International Copyright </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="julia-c-blixrud-memorial" > <span class="label"> Julia C. Blixrud Memorial </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="kaleidoscope-program" > <span class="label"> Kaleidoscope Program </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="leadership" > <span class="label"> Leadership </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="leadership-and-career-development-program-lcdp" > <span class="label"> Leadership and Career Development Program (LCDP) </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="legislation" > <span class="label"> Legislation </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="libqual" > <span class="label"> LibQUAL </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="libraries-that-learn" > <span class="label"> Libraries That Learn </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="library-administration" > <span class="label"> Library Administration </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="library-indirects" > <span class="label"> Library Indirects </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="library-publishing" > <span class="label"> Library Publishing </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="library-services" > <span class="label"> Library Services </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="libvalue" > <span class="label"> LibValue </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="licensing" > <span class="label"> Licensing </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="machine-actionable-plans-map-pilot" > <span class="label"> Machine Actionable Plans (MAP) Pilot </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="marketplace" > <span class="label"> Marketplace </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="mines-for-libraries" > <span class="label"> MINES for Libraries </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="net-neutrality" > <span class="label"> Net Neutrality </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="new-member-reps" > <span class="label"> New Member Reps </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="new-models" > <span class="label"> New Models </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="open-access" > <span class="label"> Open Access </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="open-data" > <span class="label"> Open Data </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="open-educational-resources" > <span class="label"> Open Educational Resources </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="open-scholarship" > <span class="label"> Open Scholarship </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="open-science" > <span class="label"> Open Science </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="open-source" > <span class="label"> Open Source </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="orphan-works" > <span class="label"> Orphan Works </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="outgoing-member-reps" > <span class="label"> Outgoing Member Reps </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="presses-and-library-publishing" > <span class="label"> P+L: Presses and Library Publishing </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="paul-evan-peters-pep-award" > <span class="label"> Paul Evan Peters (PEP) Award </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="peer-review" > <span class="label"> Peer Review </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="planning-and-visioning" > <span class="label"> Planning and Visioning </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="preservation" > <span class="label"> Preservation </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="privacy-security-and-civil-liberties" > <span class="label"> Privacy, Security, and Civil Liberties </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="public-access-policies" > <span class="label"> Public Access Policies </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="public-domain" > <span class="label"> Public Domain </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="publishing-models" > <span class="label"> Publishing Models </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="rads" > <span class="label"> Realities of Academic Data Sharing (RADS) </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="repositories" > <span class="label"> Repositories </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="research-collections" > <span class="label"> Research Collections </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="research-funding" > <span class="label"> Research Funding </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="research-library-impact-framework" > <span class="label"> Research Library Impact Framework </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="scenario-planning" > <span class="label"> Scenario Planning </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="scholarly-communication" > <span class="label"> Scholarly Communication </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="scholarly-dissemination-engine" > <span class="label"> Scholarly Dissemination Engine </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="section-108" > <span class="label"> Section 108 </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="section-230" > <span class="label"> Section 230 </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="share" > <span class="label"> SHARE </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="space-facilities-and-services" > <span class="label"> Space, Facilities, and Services </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="special-collections-and-archives" > <span class="label"> Special Collections and Archives </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="statsqual" > <span class="label"> StatsQUAL </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="stem" > <span class="label"> STEM </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="sustainability" > <span class="label"> Sustainability </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="technology" > <span class="label"> Technology </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="telecommunications-policies" > <span class="label"> Telecommunications Policies </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="toward-an-open-monograph-ecosystem-tome" > <span class="label"> Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem (TOME) </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="transparency" > <span class="label"> Transparency </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="treaties" > <span class="label"> Treaties </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="truth-racial-healing-and-transformation-trht" > <span class="label"> Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation (TRHT) </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="university-publishing" > <span class="label"> University Publishing </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="usa-patriot-act" > <span class="label"> USA PATRIOT Act </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="well-being" > <span class="label"> Well-Being </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="workforce" > <span class="label"> Workforce </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> <div class="filter-checkbox-item"> <div class="form-check check input-styled"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" name="filter_arl-term[]" type="checkbox" value="workforce-transformation" > <span class="label"> Workforce Transformation </span> </label> </div> <!-- .form-check --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkbox-item --> </div> <!-- .filter-checkboxes --> </div> <!-- .filter-block --> </div> <!-- .container-fluid --> </div> <!-- .search-filters-inner --> <div class="filters-toolbar"> <div class="filters-toolbar-inner"> <span class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg" role="button" data-search="close-filters">Cancel</span> <span class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" role="button" data-search="apply-filters">Search with Filters</span> </div> </div> <!-- </form> --> </div> </div> </div><!-- .menu-wrap --> </header><!-- #header --> </div><!-- #header-wrap --> <div id="logo-print"> <img src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/imgs/logo-print.svg" alt="{{ site.title }}"> </div><!-- #logo --> <main> <main> <div class="container-fluid arl-views-header text-center"> <img src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/imgs/arl-views-for-banner.png" alt="ARL Views" class="arl-views-header-img" /> </div> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="content-wrap"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumb" class="breadcrumb-wrap"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://www.arl.org/" title="Home">Home</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://www.arl.org/category/blog/">Blog</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item "> Fair Use and the Scholarly Environment </li> </ol> </nav> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <article class="page"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title">Fair Use and the Scholarly Environment</h1> <span class="post-date">by Sandra Enimil | February 22, 2022</span> <div class="share-bar"> <a class="share-facebook" href="https://facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arl.org%2Fblog%2Ffair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment%2F" target="_blank" aria-label="Facebook"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-facebook-like"></use></svg> <span >Share</span> </a> <a class="share-twitter" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet/?text=Fair%20Use%20and%20the%20Scholarly%20Environment&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arl.org%2Fblog%2Ffair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment%2F" target="_blank" aria-label="Twitter"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-twitter"></use></svg> <span >Tweet</span> </a> <a class="share-email" href="mailto:?subject=Fair%20Use%20and%20the%20Scholarly%20Environment&body=Hi!%20I%20thought%20you%20might%20be%20interested%20in%20checking%20this%20out%20from%20ARL.%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arl.org%2Fblog%2Ffair-use-and-the-scholarly-environment%2F" aria-label="Email"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-envelope"></use></svg> <span >Email</span> </a> </div><!-- .share-bar --> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-content"> <p class="post-modified-info">Last Updated on July 9, 2022, 9:43 am ET </p> <figure id="attachment_30041" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-30041" style="width: 220px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2022.02.18-sandra-enimil-yale-u-220x166-1.png?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-30041 img-fluid" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2022.02.18-sandra-enimil-yale-u-220x166-1.png?resize=220%2C166&ssl=1" alt="photo of Sandra Enimil" width="220" height="166"></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-30041" class="wp-caption-text">Sandra Enimil, image courtesy of <br>the interviewee</figcaption></figure> <p><em>For <a href="https://www.fairuseweek.org/">Fair Use Week 2022</a>, the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) teamed up with the Social Science Research Council (SSRC) <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%23MediaWell&src=typed_query">#MediaWell</a> project and asked experts to weigh in on how fair use supports research, news, and truth. <strong>Sandra Enimil</strong>, copyright librarian and contracting specialist at Yale University Library and chair of the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) Research and Scholarly Environment Committee, explains below how the copyright environment affects research and scholarship, and why this matters for society. </em></p> <p><em>Note: This post was transcribed from a conversation and lightly edited.</em></p> <p>I am the chair of ACRL’s Research and Scholarly Environment Committee, and one of the things that we work on is talking about scholarship in academic institutions and how people make scholarship available and open access. In this landscape, I think one of the things that people recognize as important is author copyright. With faculty authors, at most institutions, the institution doesn’t claim copyright in their scholarly works, so the author keeps copyright.</p> <p>But then, they in turn—in most instances for many, many years—they in turn would sign their copyright over to a publisher or a vendor to be published, which is a necessary requirement of the tenure process. Today, not as many publishers are asking for full copyright to publish scholarship. But, some still require copyright transfer, and faculty members still sign away their copyright. When faculty sign away their copyright, their work goes into publications that may or may not be accessible or open access. And unfortunately, more likely than not, it’s not open access. And then their library has to pay for access to the content created by their own faculty. Part of the work that I, and many other colleagues who are in similar positions across the country, have been thinking about is helping people understand what it means to keep their copyright.</p> <p>Retaining copyright means an author has more options, they can make it open access, put it in an institutional repository, or otherwise share it. Trying to educate people about that has been one of the main priorities for folks like me—making sure people understand what retaining copyright means, that they need to read their agreements and understand what’s happening with their copyright. Even if they do plan to sign the agreement anyway, making sure that they understand what rights they may have given away. If they’ve signed a transfer, that means someone else owns the copyright. That means there may be some things that you think that you still should be able to do that maybe your agreement says you cannot.</p> <p>I want to make sure people understand that the implications of copyright in publishing agreements is an important part of this realm. And I think the way that it impacts society is that scholarship, in many instances, is not available for the people that many scholars are trying to reach or not available to the people they’re trying to communicate with. Other scholars might not be able to access it if it’s not open access. Maybe the communities they might be studying or the communities their work might impact can’t access it because it’s not openly available. I think if we could get more folks thinking about that, being concerned about that, maybe we can try to get this environment to change a bit. I don’t mean to paint it so darkly, because there are some positive changes that are and have been happening.</p> <p>There are faculty who want their work to be open access. But then we get into the cost of making things open access, and that is a whole other thing that’s all operating in the same sphere. I think it matters, because when people are publishing, even though there is that tenure and promotion that’s lingering in the background, they do want to be able to share their work. They want it to be available to as many people as possible because that’s how the scholarly environment is supposed to work. Your fellow scholars, your peers access the content and they challenge you on it, or they agree with you on it, or it helps support the work that they’re doing.</p> <p>That’s the way we’re able to learn from one another and have advances in technology, in the humanities, in the social sciences, and all these different spaces, because of the way people are able to communicate and share scholarship. I think the environment that we exist in now means that not everything is being shared in such a way that encourages openness of communication and scholarship, across many different types of communities. And that doesn’t even get into the issues of equity with the global north and the <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00342-w">global south</a> and the ability of people to be able to access content and how difficult it can be for some communities to access research that they need to see, content they need to know and learn about.</p> <footer class="entry-footer"> <div class="entry-terms"> <a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/copyright/" rel="tag">Copyright</a>, <a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/fair-use/" rel="tag">Fair Use</a>, <a href="https://www.arl.org/arl-terms/public-policy/" rel="tag">Public Policy</a> </div> </footer><!-- .entry-footer --> </div><!-- .entry-content --> </article><!-- .post --> </div><!-- .col-md-8 --> <div class="col-md-4"> <aside id="sidebar"> </aside><!-- #sidebar --> </div><!-- .col-md-4 --> </div><!-- .row --> </div> </div><!-- .container-fluid --> </main><!-- #content --> </main> <div class="affiliates"> <h4>Affiliates</h4> <div class="affiliates-inner"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row align-items-center justify-content-between"> <div class="col-md-4"> <a class="affiliate" href="http://www.cni.org/"> <img src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cni.png" alt="CNI" class="img-fluid"> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <a class="affiliate" href="http://www.librarycopyrightalliance.org/"> <img src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/library-corporate-alliance-alt.png" alt="Library Copyright Alliance" class="img-fluid"> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <a class="affiliate" href="http://iarla.org/"> <img src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/iarla-alt.png" alt="IARLA" class="img-fluid"> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-wrap"> <footer id="footer"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-7"> <h4>Association of Research Libraries</h4> <address>1025 Connecticut Ave, NW #1200<br /> Washington, DC 20036</address> <a href="tel:202%20296%202296">202 296 2296</a> | <a href="mailto:webmgr@arl.org">webmgr@arl.org</a><br> <div class="copyright"><a href="https://www.arl.org/copyright-statement/">© Association of Research Libraries</a></div> <nav id="footer-nav"> <ul><li id="menu-item-14113" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14113 current-menu-item"><a href="/accessibility-policy/">Accessibility</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14114" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14114 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/privacy-policy/">Privacy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22357" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22357 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/land-acknowledgment/">Land Acknowledgment</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14116" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14116 current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.arl.org/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div><!-- .col-md-7 --> <div class="col-md-5"> <div id="footer-social"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/association-of-research-libraries/" title="Follow us on LinkedIn" class="social-linkedin" aria-label="LinkedIn"> <svg> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-linkedin"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/ARLnews" title="Follow us on Twitter" class="social-twitter" aria-label="Twitter"> <svg> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-twitter"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="http://www.youtube.com/ARLvideo" title="Follow us on YouTube" class="social-youtube" aria-label="YouTube"> <svg> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-youtube"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/arlnews/" title="Follow us on Instagram" class="social-instagram" aria-label="Instagram"> <svg> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-instagram"></use> </svg> </a> </div><!-- .footer-social --> </div><!-- .col-md-5 --> </div><!-- .row --> </div> </footer> </div><!-- #footer-wrap --> </div><!-- #page --> <script> ( function ( body ) { 'use strict'; body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' ); } )( document.body ); </script> <style> .searchwp-live-search-results { opacity: 0; transition: opacity .25s ease-in-out; -moz-transition: opacity .25s ease-in-out; -webkit-transition: opacity .25s ease-in-out; height: 0; overflow: hidden; z-index: 9999995; /* Exceed SearchWP Modal Search Form overlay. */ position: absolute; display: none; } .searchwp-live-search-results-showing { display: block; opacity: 1; height: auto; overflow: auto; } .searchwp-live-search-no-results { padding: 3em 2em 0; text-align: center; } .searchwp-live-search-no-min-chars:after { content: "Continue typing"; display: block; text-align: center; padding: 2em 2em 0; } </style> <script> var _SEARCHWP_LIVE_AJAX_SEARCH_BLOCKS = true; var _SEARCHWP_LIVE_AJAX_SEARCH_ENGINE = 'default'; var _SEARCHWP_LIVE_AJAX_SEARCH_CONFIG = 'default'; </script> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activate to sort column ascending","sort_descending":": activate to sort column descending"},"length_menu":"Show _MENU_ entries","empty_table":"No data available in table","info":"Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries","info_empty":"Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries","info_filtered":"(filtered from _MAX_ total entries)","zero_records":"No matching records found","search":"Search:","all_selected_text":"All items on this page were selected. ","select_all_link":"Select all pages","clear_selection":"Clear Selection.","pagination":{"all":"All","next":"Next","previous":"Previous"},"select":{"rows":{"0":"","_":": Selected %d rows","1":": Selected 1 row"}},"datepicker":{"dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesMin":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Prev","currentText":"Today","closeText":"Done","today":"Today","clear":"Clear"}};/* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript" id="cookie-notice-front-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var cnArgs = {"ajaxUrl":"https:\/\/www.arl.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"5bc828e246","hideEffect":"fade","position":"bottom","onScroll":false,"onScrollOffset":100,"onClick":false,"cookieName":"cookie_notice_accepted","cookieTime":2147483647,"cookieTimeRejected":2592000,"globalCookie":false,"redirection":false,"cache":false,"revokeCookies":false,"revokeCookiesOpt":"automatic"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/plugins/cookie-notice/js/front.min.js?ver=2.5.5" id="cookie-notice-front-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.2/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.2/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/assets/js/dist/scripts.min.js?ver=1739395084" id="site-scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/themes/arl-wp/scripts.min.js?ver=1739395084" id="copyright-page-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="swp-live-search-client-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var searchwp_live_search_params = []; searchwp_live_search_params = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.arl.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","origin_id":30040,"config":{"default":{"engine":"default","input":{"delay":300,"min_chars":3},"results":{"position":"bottom","width":"auto","offset":{"x":0,"y":5}},"spinner":{"lines":12,"length":8,"width":3,"radius":8,"scale":1,"corners":1,"color":"#424242","fadeColor":"transparent","speed":1,"rotate":0,"animation":"searchwp-spinner-line-fade-quick","direction":1,"zIndex":2000000000,"className":"spinner","top":"50%","left":"50%","shadow":"0 0 1px transparent","position":"absolute"}}},"msg_no_config_found":"No valid SearchWP Live Search configuration found!","aria_instructions":"When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to go to the desired page. Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures."};; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/plugins/searchwp-live-ajax-search/assets/javascript/dist/script.min.js?ver=1.8.4" id="swp-live-search-client-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202509.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"162507715\",\"post\":\"30040\",\"tz\":\"-5\",\"srv\":\"www.arl.org\",\"j\":\"1:14.3\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "162507715", "30040" ]); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.arl.org/wp-content/plugins/searchwp/assets/js/frontend/search-forms.js?ver=4.3.18" id="searchwp-forms-js"></script> <!-- BEGIN SEARCHWP DEBUG [NO QUERIES] END SEARCHWP DEBUG --> <!-- Cookie Notice plugin v2.5.5 by Hu-manity.co https://hu-manity.co/ --> <div id="cookie-notice" role="dialog" class="cookie-notice-hidden cookie-revoke-hidden cn-position-bottom" aria-label="Cookie Notice" style="background-color: rgba(0,0,0,1);"><div class="cookie-notice-container" style="color: #fff"><span id="cn-notice-text" class="cn-text-container">This site uses cookies. By clicking 'I understand', you are agreeing to our use of cookies.</span><span id="cn-notice-buttons" class="cn-buttons-container"><a href="#" id="cn-accept-cookie" data-cookie-set="accept" class="cn-set-cookie cn-button cn-button-custom button" aria-label="I understand">I understand</a><a href="https://www.arl.org/privacy-policy/" target="_blank" id="cn-more-info" class="cn-more-info cn-button cn-button-custom button" aria-label="More info...">More info...</a></span><span id="cn-close-notice" data-cookie-set="accept" class="cn-close-icon" title="No"></span></div> </div> <!-- / Cookie Notice plugin --> </body> </html>