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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Anarchist Portraits</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">Anarchist Portraits <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anarchist+Portraits&rft.author=%5B%5BPaul+Avrich%5D%5D&rft.pages=336"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Anarchist_Portraits.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Anarchist_Portraits.jpg/220px-Anarchist_Portraits.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/20/Anarchist_Portraits.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="385" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">First edition</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Avrich" title="Paul Avrich">Paul Avrich</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subject</th><td class="infobox-data">American history, European history</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Published</th><td class="infobox-data">1988 (<a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pages</th><td class="infobox-data">336</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-04753-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-04753-7">0-691-04753-7</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Anarchist Portraits</b></i> is a 1988 history book by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Avrich" title="Paul Avrich">Paul Avrich</a> about the lives and personalities of multiple prominent and inconspicuous anarchists. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Summary_and_publication">Summary and publication</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_Portraits&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Summary and publication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Anarchist Portraits</i> is a series of biographical studies about the <a href="/wiki/American_anarchist_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="American anarchist movement">American anarchist movement</a> written by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Avrich" title="Paul Avrich">Paul Avrich</a> over twenty years. At the time, Avrich was the foremost scholar of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_anarchism" title="History of anarchism">history of anarchism</a>. He intended his vignettes to reflect the character of the anarchist movement through the lives of individual participants from the late 19th century through the 1930s. He draws from personal interviews and old periodicals across multiple languages. Some of the chapters are revisions of prior essays.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuhle1989958_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuhle1989958-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The essay's anarchist subjects are largely European emigrants to the United States, such as <a href="/wiki/Mollie_Steimer" title="Mollie Steimer">Mollie Steimer</a> (from the <a href="/wiki/Abrams_v._United_States" title="Abrams v. United States">Abrams free speech case</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWexler1993538_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWexler1993538-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Mowbray" title="Charles Mowbray">Charles Mowbray</a>. He also covers other Russian, Italian, and Jewish anarchist immigrants. Avrich also writes about anarchist luminaries who visited the United States, such as <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Mikhail Bakunin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Peter Kropotkin</a>. Bakunin visited the United States in 1861 before the movement had momentum, while Kropotkin attracted crowds.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuhle1989958_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuhle1989958-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other figures include <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Berkman" title="Alexander Berkman">Alexander Berkman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Nestor Makhno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voline" class="mw-redirect" title="Voline">Voline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n" title="Ricardo Flores Magón">Ricardo Flores Magón</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Landauer" title="Gustav Landauer">Gustav Landauer</a>, and the Australian agitator <a href="/wiki/Chummy_Fleming" title="Chummy Fleming">Chummy Fleming</a>. Outside of the United States, he also briefly touches <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian anarchism">Brazilian anarchism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anatoli_Zhelezniakov" title="Anatoli Zhelezniakov">Anatoli Zhelezniakov</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537–538_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537–538-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A new essay on Jewish anarchism in America covers the anarchist movement among East European Jewish immigrants between the 1880s and 1890s. It includes the working class movement in Jewish garment unions, the creation of housing communes and experimental schools, the Yiddish periodical <i><a href="/wiki/Fraye_Arbeter_Shtime" title="Fraye Arbeter Shtime">Fraye Arbeter Shtime</a></i>, and the influence of Kropotkin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His essay on <a href="/wiki/Sacco_and_Vanzetti" title="Sacco and Vanzetti">Sacco and Vanzetti</a> shows the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Galleani" title="Luigi Galleani">Luigi Galleani</a>, an anarchist who avocated for violent revolt against capitalism and government. Avrich contends that Sacco and Vanzetti were part of an insurrectionary movement belied by the innocent image their supporters projected, but admits no direct evidence of their participation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537–538_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537–538-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_Portraits&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuhle1989958-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuhle1989958_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuhle1989958_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBuhle1989">Buhle 1989</a>, p. 958.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWexler1993538-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWexler1993538_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWexler1993">Wexler 1993</a>, p. 538.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537–538-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537–538_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537–538_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWexler1993">Wexler 1993</a>, pp. 537–538.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWexler1993537_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWexler1993">Wexler 1993</a>, p. 537.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_Portraits&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAvakumović1990" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Avakumovi%C4%87" title="Ivan Avakumović">Avakumović, Ivan</a> (1990). "Review of Anarchist Portraits". <i><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Review" title="Slavic Review">Slavic Review</a></i>. <b>49</b> (3): 453–454. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2499997">10.2307/2499997</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0037-6779">0037-6779</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2499997">2499997</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:164303759">164303759</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slavic+Review&rft.atitle=Review+of+Anarchist+Portraits&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=453-454&rft.date=1990&rft.issn=0037-6779&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A164303759%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2499997%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2499997&rft.aulast=Avakumovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Ivan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuhle1989" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Buhle" title="Paul Buhle">Buhle, Paul</a> (December 1989). "Review of Anarchist Portraits". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_American_History" title="The Journal of American History">The Journal of American History</a></i>. <b>76</b> (3): 958–959. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2936510">10.2307/2936510</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0021-8723">0021-8723</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2936510">2936510</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+American+History&rft.atitle=Review+of+Anarchist+Portraits&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=958-959&rft.date=1989-12&rft.issn=0021-8723&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2936510%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2936510&rft.aulast=Buhle&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConfino1989" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Confino" title="Michael Confino">Confino, Michael</a> (1989). "Varieties of Anarchism". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Russian_Review" title="The Russian Review">The Russian Review</a></i>. <b>48</b> (4): 403–412. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F130392">10.2307/130392</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0036-0341">0036-0341</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/130392">130392</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Russian+Review&rft.atitle=Varieties+of+Anarchism&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=403-412&rft.date=1989&rft.issn=0036-0341&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F130392%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F130392&rft.aulast=Confino&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCreagh1992" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Creagh" title="Ronald Creagh">Creagh, Ronald</a> (1992). "Review of Anarchist Portraits by Paul Avrich". <i><a href="/wiki/Social_Anarchism_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Anarchism (journal)">Social Anarchism</a></i> (17): 40–44. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0196-4801">0196-4801</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Anarchism&rft.atitle=Review+of+Anarchist+Portraits+by+Paul+Avrich&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=40-44&rft.date=1992&rft.issn=0196-4801&rft.aulast=Creagh&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolgoff1989" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Dolgoff" title="Sam Dolgoff">Dolgoff, Sam</a> (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libcom.org/files/Scan5938.pdf">"Rev. of Anarchist Portraits"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Libertarian Labor Review</i> (7): 38–39.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Libertarian+Labor+Review&rft.atitle=Rev.+of+Anarchist+Portraits&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=38-39&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Dolgoff&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibcom.org%2Ffiles%2FScan5938.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoll1988" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Joll" title="James Joll">Joll, James</a> (November 27, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/27/books/america-vs-a-slip-of-a-girl.html">"America vs. a Slip of a Girl"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=America+vs.+a+Slip+of+a+Girl&rft.date=1988-11-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Joll&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1988%2F11%2F27%2Fbooks%2Famerica-vs-a-slip-of-a-girl.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy1989" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Colman_McCarthy" title="Colman McCarthy">McCarthy, Colman</a> (January 29, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/entertainment/books/1989/01/29/brotherhood-not-bombs/1b0b9862-73ae-408d-ad5e-4f957c31896b/">"Brotherhood, Not Bombs"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Brotherhood%2C+Not+Bombs&rft.date=1989-01-29&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Colman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fentertainment%2Fbooks%2F1989%2F01%2F29%2Fbrotherhood-not-bombs%2F1b0b9862-73ae-408d-ad5e-4f957c31896b%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1990" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_A._Miller" title="Martin A. Miller">Miller, Martin A.</a> (June 1990). "Review of Anarchist Portraits". <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Historical_Review" title="The American Historical Review">The American Historical Review</a></i>. <b>95</b> (3): 784. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2164297">10.2307/2164297</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-8762">0002-8762</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2164297">2164297</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=Review+of+Anarchist+Portraits&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=784&rft.date=1990-06&rft.issn=0002-8762&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2164297%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2164297&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Martin+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVecoli1991" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rudolph_J._Vecoli" title="Rudolph J. Vecoli">Vecoli, Rudolph J.</a> (1991). "Review of Anarchist Portraits". <i>Journal of American Ethnic History</i>. <b>10</b> (3): 79–80. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0278-5927">0278-5927</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27500850">27500850</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+American+Ethnic+History&rft.atitle=Review+of+Anarchist+Portraits&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=79-80&rft.date=1991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27500850%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0278-5927&rft.aulast=Vecoli&rft.aufirst=Rudolph+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWexler1993" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alice_Wexler" title="Alice Wexler">Wexler, Alice</a> (1993). "Review of Anarchist Portraits". <i><a href="/wiki/Labor_History_(journal)" title="Labor History (journal)">Labor History</a></i>. <b>34</b> (4): 537–539. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0023-656X">0023-656X</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/EBSCOhost_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="EBSCOhost (identifier)">EBSCO<i>host</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AN=9406150243">9406150243</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Labor+History&rft.atitle=Review+of+Anarchist+Portraits&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=537-539&rft.date=1993&rft.issn=0023-656X&rft.aulast=Wexler&rft.aufirst=Alice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+Portraits" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_Portraits&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://press.princeton.edu/titles/4245.html">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Paul_Avrich" title="Template:Paul Avrich"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Paul_Avrich" title="Template talk:Paul Avrich"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Paul_Avrich" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Paul Avrich"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Books_by_Paul_Avrich" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Books by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Avrich" title="Paul Avrich">Paul Avrich</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Russian_Anarchists" title="The Russian Anarchists">The Russian Anarchists</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kronstadt,_1921" title="Kronstadt, 1921">Kronstadt, 1921</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Russian_Rebels,_1600%E2%80%931800" title="Russian Rebels, 1600–1800">Russian Rebels, 1600–1800</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Anarchists_in_the_Russian_Revolution" title="The Anarchists in the Russian Revolution">The Anarchists in the Russian Revolution</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_American_Anarchist:_The_Life_of_Voltairine_de_Cleyre" title="An American Anarchist: The Life of Voltairine de Cleyre">An American Anarchist: The Life of Voltairine de Cleyre</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_School_Movement_(book)" title="The Modern School Movement (book)">The Modern School Movement</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Haymarket_Tragedy" title="The Haymarket Tragedy">The Haymarket Tragedy</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anarchist Portraits</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sacco_and_Vanzetti:_The_Anarchist_Background" title="Sacco and Vanzetti: The Anarchist Background">Sacco and Vanzetti: The Anarchist Background</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_Voices" title="Anarchist Voices">Anarchist Voices</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sasha_and_Emma" title="Sasha and Emma">Sasha and Emma</a></i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/19px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/29px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/38px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="456" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Anarchism" title="Portal:Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/19px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/29px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/38px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Books" title="Portal:Books">Books</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 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