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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Autentificare</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eascunde\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"ro\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 0 0 3px;\"\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"nomobile\" style=\"float:right\"\u003E\n\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Concurs_de_scriere\" title=\"Wikipedia:Concurs de scriere\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Concurs_de_scriere.png/126px-Concurs_de_scriere.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"126\" height=\"95\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Concurs_de_scriere.png/189px-Concurs_de_scriere.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Concurs_de_scriere.png/251px-Concurs_de_scriere.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"506\" data-file-height=\"383\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"color: grey; max-width:1280px; margin: 12px auto; font-family: Tahoma, \u0026#39;DejaVu Sans Condensed\u0026#39;, sans-serif; text-align: center; font-size: 12pt; position: relative;\"\u003EA început o nouă ediție a concursului de scriere! Sunteți cu drag invitați să participați la ediția cu numărul 22, cu articole scrise sau dezvoltate considerabil între 1 aprilie și 30 noiembrie 2024. 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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istoric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istoric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istoric</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istoric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descriere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descriere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Descriere</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Descriere-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Descriere subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Descriere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Compunerea_automobilului" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compunerea_automobilului"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Compunerea automobilului</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compunerea_automobilului-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Motor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Motor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Șasiu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Șasiu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Șasiu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Șasiu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caroserie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caroserie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Caroserie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caroserie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funcționarea_automobilului" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funcționarea_automobilului"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Funcționarea automobilului</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funcționarea_automobilului-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clasificare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clasificare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Clasificare</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Clasificare-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Clasificare subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Clasificare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-După_destinație" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#După_destinație"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>După destinație</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-După_destinație-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Automobile_pentru_transportul_persoanelor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Automobile_pentru_transportul_persoanelor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Automobile pentru transportul persoanelor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Automobile_pentru_transportul_persoanelor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Automobile_pentru_transportul_mărfurilor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Automobile_pentru_transportul_mărfurilor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Automobile pentru transportul mărfurilor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Automobile_pentru_transportul_mărfurilor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Automobile_speciale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Automobile_speciale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Automobile speciale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Automobile_speciale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-După_particularitățile_constructive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#După_particularitățile_constructive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>După particularitățile constructive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-După_particularitățile_constructive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-După_tipul_motorului" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#După_tipul_motorului"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>După tipul motorului</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-După_tipul_motorului-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-După_tipul_transmisiei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#După_tipul_transmisiei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>După tipul transmisiei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-După_tipul_transmisiei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tipul_propulsiei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tipul_propulsiei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Tipul propulsiei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tipul_propulsiei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-După_numărul_punților" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#După_numărul_punților"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>După numărul punților</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-După_numărul_punților-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-După_capacitatea_de_trecere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#După_capacitatea_de_trecere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>După capacitatea de trecere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-După_capacitatea_de_trecere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referințe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referințe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referințe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referințe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lectură_suplimentară" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lectură_suplimentară"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Lectură suplimentară</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lectură_suplimentară-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Automobil</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 203 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-203" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">203 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorvoertuig" title="Motorvoertuig – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Motorvoertuig" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8A%AA%E1%8A%93" title="መኪና – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መኪና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selff%C4%93rende_w%C3%A6gn" title="Selffērende wægn – engleză veche" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Selffērende wægn" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="engleză veche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujij%E1%BB%8Dn%CC%84" title="Ujijọn̄ – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Ujijọn̄" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80" title="गाड़ी – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="गाड़ी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="سيارة – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيارة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AA%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܪܕܝܬܐ – aramaică" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܪܕܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramaică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="طوموبيل – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="طوموبيل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87" title="عربيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عربيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vil" title="Automóvil – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Automóvil" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otapan" title="Otapan – atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Otapan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtomobil" title="Avtomobil – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Avtomobil" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84" title="اوتوموبیل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوتوموبیل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automuob%C4%97lis" title="Automuobėlis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Automuobėlis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor" title="Motor – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Motor" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotse" title="Kotse – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kotse" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerita" title="Kerita – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Kerita" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аўтамабіль – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аўтамабіль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аўтамабіль – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аўтамабіль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil" title="Mobil – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Mobil" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Автомобил – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Автомобил" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कार – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कार" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF" title="গাড়ি – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গাড়ি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karr-tan" title="Karr-tan – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Karr-tan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto" title="Oto – bugineză" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Oto" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="bugineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Автомашина – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Автомашина" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B2bil" title="Automòbil – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Automòbil" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9-chi%C4%83" title="Ké-chiă – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ké-chiă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakyanan" title="Sakyanan – cebuană" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sakyanan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%A2ho%27hest%C3%B4tse" title="Amâho'hestôtse – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Amâho'hestôtse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%85%DB%86%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ئۆتۆمۆبیل – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆتۆمۆبیل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittura" title="Vittura – corsicană" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Vittura" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corsicană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araba" title="Araba – turcă crimeeană" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Araba" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turcă crimeeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B9to" title="Aùto – cașubiană" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Aùto" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="cașubiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Аѵтокїнито – slavonă" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Аѵтокїнито" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car" title="Car – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Car" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ereba" title="Ereba – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ereba" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Αυτοκίνητο – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αυτοκίνητο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car" title="Car – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Car" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%ADto" title="Aŭto – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aŭto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vil" title="Automóvil – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Automóvil" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vil" title="Automóvil – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Automóvil" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88" title="خودرو – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خودرو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilar" title="Bilar – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Bilar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94tomobila" title="Ôtomobila – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ôtomobila" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluaiste%C3%A1n" title="Gluaisteán – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gluaisteán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A" title="汽車 – chineză gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="汽車" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="chineză gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotomobil" title="Lotomobil – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lotomobil" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0r" title="Càr – gaelică scoțiană" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Càr" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelică scoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3bil" title="Automóbil – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Automóbil" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ماشین – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ماشین" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%27yruguata" title="Mba'yruguata – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mba'yruguata" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%80" title="મોટરગાડી – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મોટરગાડી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleashtan" title="Gleashtan – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Gleashtan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mota" title="Mota – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mota" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khi-chh%C3%A2" title="Khi-chhâ – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khi-chhâ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מכונית – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מכונית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8" title="मोटरवाहन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मोटरवाहन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motar" title="Motar – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Motar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machin" title="Machin – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Machin" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aut%C3%B3" title="Autó – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Autó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BE%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Ավտոմեքենա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ավտոմեքենա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerita" title="Kerita – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Kerita" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil" title="Mobil – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mobil" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksraktuaq" title="Aksraktuaq – inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Aksraktuaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobilo" title="Automobilo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Automobilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ADll" title="Bíll – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bíll" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autovettura" title="Autovettura – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Autovettura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A" title="自動車 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="自動車" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyaar" title="Kyaar – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kyaar" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montor" title="Montor – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Montor" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ავტომობილი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ავტომობილი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtomobil" title="Avtomobil – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Avtomobil" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B9%ACumubil" title="Ṭumubil – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ṭumubil" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C9%94%C9%94%C9%96%C9%A9y%C9%9B" title="Lɔɔɖɩyɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Lɔɔɖɩyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1da%CC%B1dei_ma%CC%B1to" title="A̱da̱dei ma̱to – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱da̱dei ma̱to" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomab%C3%AElu" title="Tomabîlu – congoleză" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Tomabîlu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="congoleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mubil" title="Mubil – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Mubil" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%A8" title="ಮೋಟಾರು ವಾಹನ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೋಟಾರು ವಾಹನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%8F%99%EC%B0%A8" title="자동차 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자동차" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomob%C3%AEl" title="Otomobîl – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Otomobîl" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocinetum" title="Autocinetum – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Autocinetum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomobil" title="Otomobil – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Otomobil" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetura" title="Vetura – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Vetura" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3tuka" title="Mótuka – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mótuka" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%94" title="ລົດ – laoțiană" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລົດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobilis" title="Automobilis – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Automobilis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automa%C5%A1%C4%ABna" title="Automašīna – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Automašīna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiarakodia" title="Fiarakodia – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiarakodia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motok%C4%81" title="Motokā – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Motokā" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto" title="Oto – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Oto" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Автомобил – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Автомобил" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC" title="കാർ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Автомашин – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Автомашин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8" title="मोटारवाहन – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मोटारवाहन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kereta" title="Kereta – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kereta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karozza" title="Karozza – malteză" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Karozza" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ကား – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="مشین – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مشین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – saxona de jos" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="saxona de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80" title="मोटरगाडी – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मोटरगाडी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2" title="अटोमोबाइल – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अटोमोबाइल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9E%DF%90%DF%B2%DF%AC%DF%9B%DF%8F" title="ߞߐ߲߬ߛߏ – n’ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߞߐ߲߬ߛߏ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C3%B9%C3%A9rette" title="Qùérette – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Qùérette" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chid%C3%AD" title="Chidí – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chidí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobila" title="Automobila – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Automobila" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C5%A1in" title="Mašin – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Mašin" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkolaataa" title="Konkolaataa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Konkolaataa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%C3%A6%D0%B4%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%C3%A6" title="Хæдтулгæ – osetă" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хæдтулгæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕਾਰ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maschien" title="Maschien – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Maschien" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoch%C3%B3d" title="Samochód – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Samochód" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B2bil" title="Automòbil – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Automòbil" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کار – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Αραπάν – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Αραπάν" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%BC%D8%B1" title="موټر – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="موټر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vel" title="Automóvel – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Automóvel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antawa" title="Antawa – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Antawa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vurdon" title="Vurdon – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Vurdon" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaxi" title="Amaxi – aromână" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Amaxi" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromână" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Автомобіл – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Автомобіл" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%A9)" title="Массыына (көлө) – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Массыына (көлө)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ڪار – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪار" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamssudut" title="Tamssudut – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tamssudut" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AE" title="මෝටර් රථ – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මෝටර් රථ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtomobil" title="Avtomobil – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Avtomobil" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27avale" title="Ta'avale – samoană" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Ta'avale" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hambautare" title="Hambautare – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Hambautare" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baabuur" title="Baabuur – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Baabuur" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetura" title="Vetura – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vetura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Аутомобил – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аутомобил" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koloi" title="Koloi – sesotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Koloi" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sesotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil" title="Mobil – sundaneză" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mobil" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motokaa" title="Motokaa – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Motokaa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kazizeng" title="kazizeng – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kazizeng" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="தானுந்து – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தானுந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81" title="కారు – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కారు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Худрав – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Худрав" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="รถยนต์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รถยนต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotse" title="Kotse – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kotse" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka" title="Ka – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Ka" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomobil" title="Otomobil – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Otomobil" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%90hy%C9%9Bn" title="Ɛhyɛn – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Ɛhyɛn" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль – tuvană" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%84" title="ئاپتوموبىل – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاپتوموبىل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобіль – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Автомобіль" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کار – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtomobil" title="Avtomobil – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Avtomobil" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B2bi%C5%82e" title="Automòbiłe – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Automòbiłe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avto" title="Avto – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Avto" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94_t%C3%B4" title="Ô tô – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ô tô" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tood" title="Tood – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Tood" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto" title="Oto – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Oto" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awto" title="Awto – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Awto" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" title="汽车 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="汽车" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imoto" title="Imoto – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Imoto" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C" title="אויטאמאביל – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אויטאמאביל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giceh" title="Giceh – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Giceh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" title="汽车 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="汽车" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A" title="自動車 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="自動車" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%AB-t%C5%8Dng-chhia" title="Chū-tōng-chhia – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chū-tōng-chhia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A" title="汽車 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="汽車" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1420#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Automobil" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie:Automobil" rel="discussion" title="Discuții despre această pagină [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">română</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vizualizări"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Automobil"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Unelte</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Acțiuni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Automobil"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=history"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Automobil" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Automobil" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fi%C8%99ier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale" title="Lista tuturor paginilor speciale [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagini speciale</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&oldid=16330904" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină"><span>Informații despre pagină</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&page=Automobil&id=16330904&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini"><span>Citează acest articol</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAutomobil"><span>Obține URL scurtat</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAutomobil"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Automobil"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Automobil&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Automobile" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1420" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-content ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/75px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/100px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">bibliografia</a> incompletă sau inexistentă.</b><br /> Puteți contribui prin adăugarea de referințe în vederea <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">susținerii bibliografice</a> a afirmațiilor pe care le conține.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare">Pentru alte sensuri, vedeți <a href="/wiki/Ma%C8%99in%C4%83_(dezambiguizare)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mașină (dezambiguizare)">Mașină (dezambiguizare)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:1885Benz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/1885Benz.jpg/300px-1885Benz.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/1885Benz.jpg/450px-1885Benz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/1885Benz.jpg/600px-1885Benz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>O fotografie a originalului <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benz_Patent-Motorwagen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benz Patent-Motorwagen — pagină inexistentă">Benz Patent-Motorwagen</a>, construit pentru prima dată în <a href="/wiki/1885" title="1885">1885</a> și pentru care s-a acordat <a href="/wiki/Brevet_de_inven%C8%9Bie" title="Brevet de invenție">brevet de invenție</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="noprint tright portal" style="border:solid #aaa 1px; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0.5em;"> <table style="background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f9f9f9); color:inherit; font-size:85%; line-height:110%; max-width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bugatti_veyron_in_Tokyo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portal icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Bugatti_veyron_in_Tokyo.jpg/32px-Bugatti_veyron_in_Tokyo.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Bugatti_veyron_in_Tokyo.jpg/48px-Bugatti_veyron_in_Tokyo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Bugatti_veyron_in_Tokyo.jpg/64px-Bugatti_veyron_in_Tokyo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: middle; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Automobil" title="Portal:Automobil">Portal Automobil </a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <p><b>Automobilul</b> sau mai familiar <i>mașina</i>, este un <a href="/wiki/Vehicul" title="Vehicul">vehicul</a> cu patru (rar, trei, șase) roți, acționat de un <a href="/wiki/Motor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83" title="Motor cu ardere internă">motor cu ardere internă</a>, cu <a href="/wiki/Motor_cu_abur" title="Motor cu abur">abur</a>, cu <a href="/wiki/Motor_electric" title="Motor electric">electricitate</a> sau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_pneumatic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor pneumatic — pagină inexistentă">aer comprimat</a>. Are <a href="/wiki/Scaun" title="Scaun">scaune</a> pentru șofer și pentru cel puțin un pasager. </p><p>Automobilele sunt de obicei construite pentru a călători pe <a href="/wiki/Drum" title="Drum">drumuri</a>, dar există unele, mai ales vehicule utilitare, care permit călătorii în afara drumurilor - (off-road). Drumurile și <a href="/wiki/Autostrad%C4%83" title="Autostradă">autostrăzile</a> sunt folosite în comun cu alte vehicule, cum sunt <a href="/wiki/Motociclet%C4%83" title="Motocicletă">motocicletele</a> și <a href="/wiki/Tractor" title="Tractor">tractoarele</a>. </p><p>Un automobil tipic are un motor cu ardere internă și patru roți, însă au apărut pe piață și mașini cu motoare hibride, cu gaz sau electrice. Au fost construite și autovehicule cu trei roți, dar nu sunt prea răspândite din cauza problemelor de stabilitate. </p><p>În anul 2007 în lume existau aproape 800 de milioane de mașini în circulație (majoritatea în emisfera nordică) iar 42 de milioane de mașini noi erau produse în fiecare an.<sup id="cite_ref-cp2012-05-10_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp2012-05-10-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În anul 2050 se aproximează că vor exista 4 miliarde de automobile la nivel mondial.<sup id="cite_ref-cz2012-05-27_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cz2012-05-27-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso">Articol principal: <a href="/wiki/Istoria_automobilului" title="Istoria automobilului">Istoria automobilului</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16505893">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex}}</style> <p>În 1769, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">francezul</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicolas-Joseph_Cugnot" title="Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot">Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot</a> realizează un vehicul cu trei roți propulsat prin forța <a href="/wiki/Abur" title="Abur">aburului</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopædia_Britannica_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopædia_Britannica-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În <a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">englezul</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Trevithick" title="Richard Trevithick">Richard Trevithick</a> realizează un fel de <a href="/wiki/Locomotiv%C4%83" title="Locomotivă">locomotivă</a>, numită <i>Puffing Devil</i>, dar care putea circula și pe drumurile rutiere.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Contribuții de pionierat în domeniul <a href="/wiki/Motor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83" title="Motor cu ardere internă">motoarelor cu ardere internă</a> au adus: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Nic%C3%A9phore_Ni%C3%A9pce" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Nicéphore Niépce">Nicéphore Niépce</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Isaac_de_Rivaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Isaac de Rivaz — pagină inexistentă">François Isaac de Rivaz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustave_Trouv%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustave Trouvé — pagină inexistentă">Gustave Trouvé</a> și alții. Însă inventatorul automobilului în accepția modernă este considerat <a href="/wiki/Karl_Benz" title="Karl Benz">Karl Benz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 1878, acesta proiectează un nou tip de motor cu ardere internă, mult îmbunătățit și care va fi patentat un an mai târziu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descriere">Descriere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Descriere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Descriere"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compunerea_automobilului">Compunerea automobilului</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Compunerea automobilului" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Compunerea automobilului"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Părțile principale ale oricărui automobil sunt motorul, șasiul, caroseria și partea electrică. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Motor">Motor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Motor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Motor"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso">Articol principal: <a href="/wiki/Motor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83" title="Motor cu ardere internă">Motor cu ardere internă</a>.</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16505893"> <p>Motorul este sistemul fizic de generare a energiei mecanice care pune în mișcare sistemul de transmisie al automobilului. Un motor este compus din două părți: mecanismul motor și instalațiile auxiliare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Șasiu"><span id=".C8.98asiu"></span>Șasiu</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Șasiu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Șasiu"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C8%98asiu" title="Șasiu">Șasiul</a> automobilului este ansamblul organelor și instalațiilor care efectuează preluarea și transmiterea energiei mecanice de la motor la roțile motoare, conducerea automobilului, susținerea și propulsia lui. Se compune din transmisie, sistemul de conducere, organele de susținere, organele de propulsie și instalațiile auxiliare. Mai ține și motorul și caroseria.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_de_transmisie" title="Sistem de transmisie">Sistem de transmisie</a></li></ul> <p>Transmisia sau sistemul de transmisie preia, transmite, modifică și distribuie momentul motor la roțile motoare ale automobilului. </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_de_conducere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem de conducere — pagină inexistentă">Sistem de conducere</a></li></ul> <p>Sistemul de conducere asigură deplasarea automobilului pe traseul dorit. Este compus din mecanismul de direcție și sistemul de frânare. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_de_sus%C8%9Binere" title="Sistem de susținere">Sistem de susținere</a></li></ul> <p>Organele de susținere suportă greutatea automobilului și preiau forțele rezultate din propulsie frânare și rezistențele ce apar în deplasarea pe drum a automobilului. Cuprind cadrul, carterele punților și organele de suspensie. </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_de_propulsie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem de propulsie — pagină inexistentă">Sistem de propulsie</a></li></ul> <p>Sistemul de propulsie transformă mișcarea de rotație în mișcare de translație și ajută automobilul să se sprijine pe drum sau pe sol. </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instala%C8%9Bii_auxiliare_ale_%C8%99asiului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instalații auxiliare ale șasiului — pagină inexistentă">Instalații auxiliare ale șasiului</a></li></ul> <p>Instalațiile auxiliare asigură confortul, siguranța circulației și controlul exploatării automobilului. Ele sunt instalația de iluminat, instalația de semnalizare, instalația de încălzire, instalația de aerisire, ștergătoarele de parbriz, etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Caroserie">Caroserie</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Caroserie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Caroserie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Caroserie" title="Caroserie">Caroseria</a> este partea principală a automobilului care are rolul de purtător al persoanelor, mărfurilor sau instalațiilor montate pe automobil, asigurând izolarea și autonomia încărcăturii față de restul automobilului și de mediul înconjurător. </p><p>Compunerea caroseriilor este dependentă de destinația automobilului comportând diferențe conforme scopului pentru care sunt făcute. În general caroseriile automobilelor au o parte inferioară bazală, orizontală (platformă), o parte laterală și o parte superioară (acoperiș). În plan orizontal se împarte în partea anterioară, destinată conducătorului automobilului și partea posterioară destinată încărcăturii (instalații, persoane, mărfuri). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Funcționarea_automobilului"><span id="Func.C8.9Bionarea_automobilului"></span>Funcționarea automobilului</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Funcționarea automobilului" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Funcționarea automobilului"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clasificare">Clasificare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Clasificare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Clasificare"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Automobilele se clasifică după următoarele criterii principale: </p> <ul><li>destinație (felul transportului);</li> <li>particularități constructive (tipul motorului, tipul transmisiei, tipul propulsiei);</li> <li>numărul punților;</li> <li>capacitate de trecere.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="După_destinație"><span id="Dup.C4.83_destina.C8.9Bie"></span>După destinație</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: După destinație" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: După destinație"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Automobile_pentru_transportul_persoanelor">Automobile pentru transportul persoanelor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Automobile pentru transportul persoanelor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Automobile pentru transportul persoanelor"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Autoturisme - automobile care, prin construcție și echipare, sunt destinate transportului unui număr redus de persoane, bagaje și/sau al bunurilor acestora, având o capacitate de două până la 7 locuri pe scaune, inclusiv cel al conducătorului auto.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acestea se pot conduce cu categoria de permis auto <b>B</b>. <ul><li>Microturisme - cilindree: 200–250 cm³ (1 – 2 locuri)</li> <li>Mici - cilindree: 500–1000 cm³ (2 – 4 locuri)</li> <li>Mijlocii - cilindree: 1000–2000 cm³ (4 – 5 locuri)</li> <li>Mari - cilindree: 2000–4000 cm³ (4 – 6 locuri, de exemplu <a href="/wiki/Limuzin%C4%83" title="Limuzină">limuzinele</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li>Foarte mari - cilindree: 3000–8000 cm³ (4 - 7 locuri)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microbuz" title="Microbuz">Microbuze</a> - autobuze destinate și echipate pentru transportul unui număr redus de persoane și al bagajelor acestora.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Cu capacitate mică (6 - 16+1 locuri) - Acestea se pot conduce cu categoria de permis auto <b>D1</b>.</li> <li>Cu capacitate mare (18 - 22+1 locuri) - Acestea se pot conduce cu categoria de permis auto <b>D</b>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autobuz" title="Autobuz">Autobuze</a> - autovehicule destinate și echipate pentru transportul unui număr mai mare de persoane și al bagajelor acestora. Acestea se pot conduce cu categoria de permis auto <b>D</b>. <ul><li>cu capacitate mică (15 - 30 locuri)</li> <li>Cu capacitate mijlocie (30 - 70 locuri)</li> <li>Cu capacitate mare (70 - 100 locuri)</li> <li>Cu capacitate foarte mare (peste 100 locuri)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Automobile_pentru_transportul_mărfurilor"><span id="Automobile_pentru_transportul_m.C4.83rfurilor"></span>Automobile pentru transportul mărfurilor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Automobile pentru transportul mărfurilor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Automobile pentru transportul mărfurilor"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se clasifică și după încărcătura utilă exprimată newtoni (N). </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Autoutilitar%C4%83" title="Autoutilitară">Autoutilitară</a></b> - cu încărcătură utilă până la 10.000 N, caroserie închisă și cabină separată.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autocamionet%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autocamionetă — pagină inexistentă">Autocamionetă</a></b> - cu sarcină utilă de circa 15.000 - 20.000 N, caroserie închisă sau acoperită cu coviltir și cabină separată.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Autocamion" title="Autocamion">Autocamion</a></b> - are caroserie deschisă sau acoperită cu prelată. După capacitatea de încărcare autocamioanele pot fi: <ul><li>Autocamioane ușoare - cu sarcina utilă de 15.000 N – 30.000 N</li> <li>Autocamioane mijlocii - cu sarcina utilă de 30.000 N – 80.000 N</li> <li>Autocamioane grele - cu sarcina utilă de 80.000 - 120.000 N</li> <li>Autocamioane foarte grele - cu sarcina utilă de peste 120.000 N</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Autobasculant%C4%83" title="Autobasculantă">Autobasculantă</a></b> – prevăzută cu o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benă — pagină inexistentă">benă</a> basculantă pentru încărcătură și cabina conductorului separată de caroserie.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Automobile_speciale">Automobile speciale</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifică secțiunea: Automobile speciale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Automobile speciale"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Automobilele din această categorie efectuează numai anumite transporturi și servicii. </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Autocistern%C4%83" title="Autocisternă">Autocisternă</a></b> – echipată cu unul sau două recipiente pentru transportul <a href="/wiki/Lichid" title="Lichid">lichidelor</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autoizoterm%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autoizotermă — pagină inexistentă">Autoizotermă</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Autofrigorific%C4%83" title="Autofrigorifică">Autofrigorifică</a></b> – cu caroserie închisă <a href="/wiki/Transmiterea_c%C4%83ldurii" title="Transmiterea căldurii">termoizolantă</a>, pentru transportul bunurilor alterabile</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Automacara" title="Automacara">Automacara</a></b> – echipată cu o <a href="/wiki/Macara" title="Macara">macara</a> pentru ridicarea sarcinilor</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autosanitar%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autosanitară — pagină inexistentă">Autosanitară</a></b> (ambulanță) – dotată cu <a href="/wiki/Medicin%C4%83" title="Medicină">instalații medicale</a> pentru stabilizarea și transportul bolnavilor</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autoatelier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autoatelier — pagină inexistentă">Autoatelier</a></b> – amenajat cu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utilaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utilaj — pagină inexistentă">utilaje</a> pentru executarea reparațiilor</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autotractor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autotractor — pagină inexistentă">Autotractor</a></b> – pentru <a href="/wiki/Trac%C8%9Biune" class="mw-redirect" title="Tracțiune">tractarea</a> semiremorcilor</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autostropitoare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autostropitoare — pagină inexistentă">Autostropitoare</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Autoscar%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoscară">Autoscară</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autoplug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autoplug — pagină inexistentă">Autoplug</a></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="După_particularitățile_constructive"><span id="Dup.C4.83_particularit.C4.83.C8.9Bile_constructive"></span>După particularitățile constructive</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifică secțiunea: După particularitățile constructive" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: După particularitățile constructive"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se consideră următoarele criterii de distincție ale automobilelor: tipul motorului, tipul transmisiei, tipul propulsiei. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="După_tipul_motorului"><span id="Dup.C4.83_tipul_motorului"></span>După tipul motorului</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifică secțiunea: După tipul motorului" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: După tipul motorului"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Automobile cu motoare termice <ul><li>Motoare cu aprindere prin scânteie - M.A.S. (în patru sau doi timpi)</li> <li>Motoare cu aprindere prin comprimare - M.A.C. (<a href="/wiki/Motor_diesel" title="Motor diesel">motor Diesel</a> în patru sau doi timpi) <ul><li>Motoare cu piston rotativ (Wankel)</li></ul></li> <li>Motoare cu turbine cu gaze</li> <li>Motoare cu reacție</li> <li>Motoare cu abur</li></ul></li> <li>Automobile cu motoare electrice <ul><li>cu baterii de <a href="/wiki/Baterie_de_acumulatoare" class="mw-redirect" title="Baterie de acumulatoare">acumulator</a> → vezi <a href="/wiki/Automobil_electric" title="Automobil electric">Autovehicul electric</a></li> <li>cu <a href="/wiki/Pil%C4%83_de_combustie" title="Pilă de combustie">pilă de combustie</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="După_tipul_transmisiei"><span id="Dup.C4.83_tipul_transmisiei"></span>După tipul transmisiei</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifică secțiunea: După tipul transmisiei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: După tipul transmisiei"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Automobile cu transmisie mecanică</li> <li>Automobile cu transmisie hidrodinamică</li> <li>Automobile cu transmisie hidromecanică</li> <li>Automobile cu transmisie electrică</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tipul_propulsiei">Tipul propulsiei</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifică secțiunea: Tipul propulsiei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Tipul propulsiei"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Automobile cu roți cu pneuri</li> <li>Automobile cu roți cu șenile</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="După_numărul_punților"><span id="Dup.C4.83_num.C4.83rul_pun.C8.9Bilor"></span>După numărul punților</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifică secțiunea: După numărul punților" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: După numărul punților"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se consideră drept criteriu de departajare totalul punților și numărul punților motoare. </p> <ul><li>Automobile cu două punți <ul><li>Automobile 4x2</li> <li>Automobile 4x4</li></ul></li> <li>Automobile cu trei punți <ul><li>Automobile 6x2</li> <li>Automobile 6x4</li> <li>Automobile 6x6</li></ul></li> <li>Automobile cu patru punți <ul><li>Automobile 8x4</li> <li>Automobile 8x6</li> <li>Automobile 8x8</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="După_capacitatea_de_trecere"><span id="Dup.C4.83_capacitatea_de_trecere"></span>După capacitatea de trecere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modifică secțiunea: După capacitatea de trecere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: După capacitatea de trecere"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>normală: 2x4 (destinate pentru deplasarea pe drumuri bune)</li> <li>mare: 4x4, 4x6, 6x6, 8x8 (destinate pentru deplasarea pe drumuri de orice categorie, numite și <i>automobile de teren</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Accident_de_circula%C8%9Bie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accident de circulație — pagină inexistentă">accident de circulație</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambulan%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Ambulanță">ambulanță</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autostrad%C4%83" title="Autostradă">autostradă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camion" class="mw-redirect" title="Camion">camion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_de_bord" title="Computer de bord">computer de bord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum" title="Drum">drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List%C4%83_de_m%C4%83rci_de_automobile" title="Listă de mărci de automobile">mărci de automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Num%C4%83r_de_%C3%AEnmatriculare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Număr de înmatriculare — pagină inexistentă">număr de înmatriculare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspec%C8%9Bie_tehnic%C4%83_periodic%C4%83" title="Inspecție tehnică periodică">Inspecție tehnică periodică</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cp2012-05-10-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cp2012-05-10_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.descopera.ro/stiinta/930366-automobilul-revolutia-continua">Automobilul revolutia continua</a>, 14 septembrie 2007, <i>Descoperă</i>, accesat la 10 mai 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cz2012-05-27-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cz2012-05-27_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.descopera.ro/dnews/9355025-in-scurt-timp-automobilele-vor-anunta-automat-autoritatile-atunci-cand-are-loc-un-accident">În scurt timp, automobilele vor anunța automat autoritățile atunci când are loc un accident</a>, 29 februarie 2012, <i>Descoperă</i>, accesat la 27 mai 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Encyclopædia_Britannica-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Encyclopædia_Britannica_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/145966/Nicolas-Joseph-Cugnot">„Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot”</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nicolas-Joseph+Cugnot&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F145966%2FNicolas-Joseph-Cugnot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAutomobil" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/richard-trevithick-introduces-his-puffing-devil">Richard Trevithick introduces his “Puffing Devil”</a>, history.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.automotivehalloffame.org/honoree/carl-benz/">KARL BENZ</a>, Inducted 1984, automotivehalloffame.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dexonline.ro/definitie/autoturism">Autoturism, la DEX</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dexonline.ro/definitie/limuzină">Limuzină, la DEX</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dexonline.ro/definitie/microbuz">Microbuz, la DEX</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Viorel Cazan, Vargyas Zsolt (2007). <i>Curs de legislație rutieră, conducere preventivă, mecanică, prim ajutor</i>, Editura Calipso, Suseni, Târgu Mureș</li> <li>Gheorghe Frățilă, Mariana Frățilă, S. Samoilă (2007). <i>Automobile-Cunoaștere, Întreținere, Reparare</i>, ediția a-VIII-a, Editura Didactică și Pedagogică, București</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lectură_suplimentară"><span id="Lectur.C4.83_suplimentar.C4.83"></span>Lectură suplimentară</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modifică secțiunea: Lectură suplimentară" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Lectură suplimentară"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Vehiculul zeilor: arheologia automobilului</i>, Jörg Jochen Berns, Editura Univ. Alexandru Ioan Cuza, 2006</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9); color:var(--color-base, #000); width: 230px; padding: 2px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure 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href="https://www.promotor.ro/masini-noi/dosar-analize/inventiile-care-au-schimbat-automobilul-si-oamenii-din-spatele-lor-13319191">Invențiile care au schimbat automobilul și oamenii din spatele lor</a>, septembrie 2014, <i>Promotor.ro</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.descopera.ro/stiinta/5179076-o-istorie-verde-povestea-masinilor-prietenoase-cu-mediul">O istorie verde: povestea mașinilor prietenoase cu mediul</a>, 15 decembrie 2009, Alexandru Safta, <i>Descoperă</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.descopera.ro/stiinta/2832808-top-10-cele-mai-scumpe-automobile-din-lume">Top 10 - Cele mai scumpe automobile din lume</a>, 30 iulie 2008, Nicu Parlog, <i>Descoperă</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cautimasina.ro/blog">Sfaturi și recenzii auto</a>, cautimasina.ro</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statiiitp.ro/lista-statii-itp/">Lista statii ITP 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