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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">General Thomas Algeo Rowley</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Algeo_Rowley-_headshot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Thomas_Algeo_Rowley-_headshot.jpg/220px-Thomas_Algeo_Rowley-_headshot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Thomas_Algeo_Rowley-_headshot.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="348" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Thomas Algeo Rowley in his Civil War uniform - head shot - circa 1865</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1808-10-05</span>)</span>October 5, 1808<br /><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">May 14, 1892<span style="display:none">(1892-05-14)</span> (aged 83)<br />Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Place of burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Cemetery" title="Allegheny Cemetery">Allegheny Cemetery</a>, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">United States of America</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Union_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Army">Union Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1847–1848, 1861–1864</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg/35px-Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg/53px-Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg/70px-Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="183" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(United_States)" title="Brigadier general (United States)">Brigadier general</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Seven_Pines" title="Battle of Seven Pines">Battle of Seven Pines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg" title="Battle of Fredericksburg">Battle of Fredericksburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chancellorsville" title="Battle of Chancellorsville">Battle of Chancellorsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg" title="Battle of Gettysburg">Battle of Gettysburg</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Thomas Algeo Rowley</b> (October 5, 1808 – May 14, 1892) was a <a href="/wiki/Union_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Army">Union Army</a> general in the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. Following charges about the conduct of his officers at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg" title="Battle of Gettysburg">Gettysburg</a>, Rowley was tried by a <a href="/wiki/Court-martial" title="Court-martial">court martial</a> that was later declared biased, and he was reinstated. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Algeo_Rowley&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rowley was born in <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. He served as a <a href="/wiki/Captain_(United_States_O-3)" title="Captain (United States O-3)">captain</a> of volunteers in the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a>, mustered in on October 8, 1847, and mustered out on July 18, 1848. Otherwise, he worked as a cabinetmaker. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civil_War_service">Civil War service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Algeo_Rowley&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Civil War service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rowley served as <a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_States)" title="Colonel (United States)">colonel</a> of the 13th Pennsylvania Infantry from April 25, 1861, to August 6 of the same year. He then became colonel of the <a href="/wiki/102nd_Pennsylvania_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="102nd Pennsylvania Infantry">102nd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment</a>. He was wounded at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Seven_Pines" title="Battle of Seven Pines">Battle of Seven Pines</a>, while leading his regiment in the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Potomac" title="Army of the Potomac">Army of the Potomac</a>. He (briefly) led a brigade in <a href="/wiki/VI_Corps_(Union_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="VI Corps (Union Army)">VI Corps</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg" title="Battle of Fredericksburg">Battle of Fredericksburg</a>. Promoted to the rank of <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(United_States)" title="Brigadier general (United States)">brigadier general</a> to rank from November 29, 1862, Rowley next commanded a brigade of <a href="/wiki/I_Corps_(Union_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="I Corps (Union Army)">I Corps</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chancellorsville" title="Battle of Chancellorsville">Battle of Chancellorsville</a>. He was acting commander of 3rd Division, I Corps at the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg" title="Battle of Gettysburg">Battle of Gettysburg</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Major_general_(United_States)" title="Major general (United States)">Maj. Gen.</a> <a href="/wiki/Abner_Doubleday" title="Abner Doubleday">Abner Doubleday</a> was acting corps commander. (<a href="/wiki/Chapman_Biddle" title="Chapman Biddle">Chapman Biddle</a> led Rowley's brigade.) On July 1, 1863, the brigade suffered heavy casualties confronting Confederates from Maj. Gen. <a href="/wiki/Harry_Heth" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Heth">Harry Heth</a>'s division. He was thrown from his horse during the retreat when it stopped short at the creek. Sick with infection from <a href="/wiki/Boil" title="Boil">boils</a> the size of hens eggs on his inner thighs, he was feverish, and temperamental. Following a confrontation between Rowley and <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(United_States)" title="Brigadier general (United States)">Brig. Gen.</a> <a href="/wiki/Lysander_Cutler" title="Lysander Cutler">Lysander Cutler</a> over the conduct of some of the 7th Wisconsin officers, Cutler filed charges of drunkenness in April 1864. Given less than 24 hours to prepare a defense for trial, Rowley was convicted by a <a href="/wiki/Court_martial" class="mw-redirect" title="Court martial">court martial</a> that author John F. Krumwiede states was, "lacking impartiality and marching to its own drum". Although reinstated by order of Secretary of War <a href="/wiki/Edwin_M._Stanton" class="mw-redirect" title="Edwin M. Stanton">Edwin M. Stanton</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>, Rowley was assigned only a district command in western Pennsylvania, due to the ongoing feud between the army commander General <a href="/wiki/George_G._Meade" class="mw-redirect" title="George G. Meade">George G. Meade</a> and the now corps commander General <a href="/wiki/Gouverneur_K._Warren" title="Gouverneur K. Warren">Gouverneur K. Warren</a>. Blocked by the actions of General <a href="/wiki/Darius_N._Couch" title="Darius N. Couch">Darius N. Couch</a> in the attempt to stop the 1864 invasion of Pennsylvania by Confederate General Jubal Early, he resigned his commission on December 29, 1864.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Postbellum_career">Postbellum career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Algeo_Rowley&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Postbellum career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rowley later served as a U.S. marshal and practiced law. He died in Pittsburgh and is buried there in Allegheny Cemetery.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Algeo_Rowley&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/28px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/42px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/56px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="1875" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:American_Civil_War" title="Portal:American Civil War">American Civil War portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_generals_(Union)" title="List of American Civil War generals (Union)">List of American Civil War generals (Union)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Algeo_Rowley&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krumwiede, p. 167.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eicher, p. 463.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Algeo_Rowley&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Eicher, John H., and <a href="/wiki/David_J._Eicher" title="David J. Eicher">David J. Eicher</a>. <i>Civil War High Commands</i>. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-3641-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8047-3641-3">0-8047-3641-3</a>.</li> <li>Krumwiede, John F. <i>Disgrace at Gettysburg: The Arrest and Court-martial of Brigadier General Thomas A. Rowley, USA</i>. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2309-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2309-5">978-0-7864-2309-5</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Algeo_Rowley&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Thomas Algeo Rowley at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Rowley&GSfn=Thomas&GSmn=Algeo&GSbyrel=all&GSdyrel=all&GSob=n&GRid=5894587&df=all&">Find a grave</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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