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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sistem_kalender" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistem_kalender"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sistem kalender</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sistem_kalender-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Sistem kalender</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sistem_kalender-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tahun_baru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tahun_baru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Tahun baru</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tahun_baru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bacaan_tambahan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bacaan_tambahan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bacaan tambahan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bacaan_tambahan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vikram Samvat</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 64 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فيكرم سامفات – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيكرم سامفات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ڤيكرم سامفات – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ڤيكرم سامفات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8E" title="বিক্ৰম সংবৎ – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বিক্ৰম সংবৎ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram-samvat" title="Vikram-samvat – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vikram-samvat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Бікрам Самват – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бікрам Самват" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4" title="विक्रम संवत – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="विक्रम संवत" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8E" title="বিক্রম সংবৎ – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিক্রম সংবৎ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Sambat" title="Vikram Sambat – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vikram Sambat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%84" title="Βικράμ Σαμβάτ – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βικράμ Σαμβάτ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikram_Samwat" title="Bikram Samwat – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bikram Samwat" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA" title="ویکرم سموت – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکرم سموت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AE_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%A4" title="વિક્રમ સંવત – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિક્રમ સંવત" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4" title="विक्रम संवत – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विक्रम संवत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_korszak" title="Vikram korszak – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vikram korszak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BF" title="Վիկրամ սամվատ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիկրամ սամվատ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9E%E6%9A%A6" title="ヴィクラマ暦 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴィクラマ暦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ვიქრამ-სამვატი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვიქრამ-სამვატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%AE_%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86" title="ವಿಕ್ರಮ ಶಕೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಕ್ರಮ ಶಕೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%81%AC%EB%9E%8C_%EC%82%BC%EB%B0%A7" title="비크람 삼밧 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비크람 삼밧" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_samvat" title="Vikram samvat – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikram samvat" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A4" title="विक्रम सम्बत – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="विक्रम सम्बत" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Викрамска ера – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Викрамска ера" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0" title="विक्रम संवत्सर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विक्रम संवत्सर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D" title="विक्रम सम्वत् – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विक्रम सम्वत्" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A4" title="बिक्रम सम्बत – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बिक्रम सम्बत" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A4" title="ਬਿਕਰਮੀ ਸੰਮਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਕਰਮੀ ਸੰਮਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalendarz_Wikrama" title="Kalendarz Wikrama – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kalendarz Wikrama" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بکرمی تقویم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بکرمی تقویم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC-%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Викрам-самват – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Викрам-самват" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A_%DA%AA%D8%A6%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%8A%D8%B1" title="بڪرمي ڪئلينڊر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بڪرمي ڪئلينڊر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikram_Sambat" title="Bikram Sambat – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bikram Sambat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="விக்ரம் நாட்காட்டி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விக்ரம் நாட்காட்டி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82" title="విక్రమాదిత్య శకం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విక్రమాదిత్య శకం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95" title="วิกรมสัมวัต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกรมสัมวัต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikram Samvat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Викрам Самват – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Викрам Самват" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Вікрам самват – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вікрам самват" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E5%8E%86" title="维克拉姆历 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="维克拉姆历" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ვიკრამ-სამვატი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვიკრამ-სამვატი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E5%8E%86" title="维克拉姆历 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="维克拉姆历" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1370848#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><p><b>Vikram Samvat</b> (<a href="/wiki/International_Alphabet_of_Sanskrit_Transliteration" title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration">IAST</a>: <i>Vikrama Samvat</i>; disingkat VS) atau <b>Bikram Sambat B.S.</b> dan juga dikenal sebagai kalender <b>Vikrami</b>, adalah <a href="/wiki/Kalender_Hindu" title="Kalender Hindu">kalender Hindu</a> yang secara historis digunakan di anak benua <a href="/wiki/Asia_Selatan" title="Asia Selatan">Asia Selatan</a>. Vikram Samvat umumnya 57 tahun lebih cepat dari <a href="/wiki/Kalender_Gregorius" title="Kalender Gregorius">Kalender Gregorian</a>, kecuali selama <a href="/wiki/Januari" title="Januari">Januari</a> hingga <a href="/wiki/April" title="April">April</a>, ketika lebih cepat 56 tahun. Di samping <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nepal_Sambat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nepal Sambat (halaman belum tersedia)">Nepal Sambat</a>, itu adalah salah satu dari dua kalender resmi yang digunakan di <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. Di <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, digunakan di beberapa negara bagian.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kalender Vikram Samvat tradisional, seperti yang digunakan di India, menggunakan bulan <a href="/wiki/Bulan_(penanggalan)" title="Bulan (penanggalan)">Bulan</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tahun_sideris" title="Tahun sideris">tahun sideris</a> Matahari. Bikram Sambat Nepal, diperkenalkan pada tahun 1901, juga menggunakan tahun sidereal Matahari. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sistem_kalender">Sistem kalender</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sistem kalender" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sistem kalender"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seperti kalender <a href="/wiki/Kalender_Yahudi" title="Kalender Yahudi">Ibrani</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Imlek" title="Imlek">Cina</a>, Vikram Samvat adalah <a href="/wiki/Kalender_suryacandra" title="Kalender suryacandra">lunisolar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nesbittbc_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nesbittbc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada tahun-tahun biasa, satu tahun panjangnya 354 hari,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sedangkan bulan kabisat (<i>adhik maas</i>) ditambahkan sesuai dengan <a href="/wiki/Siklus_metonik" title="Siklus metonik">siklus Metonik</a> kira-kira setiap tiga tahun sekali (atau 7 kali dalam siklus 19 tahun) untuk memastikan festival dan ritual tanaman terkait jatuh pada musim yang tepat.<sup id="cite_ref-nesbittbc_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nesbittbc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fuller2004p109_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fuller2004p109-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Komunitas Buddhis awal di India mengadopsi <a href="/wiki/Kalender_Hindu" title="Kalender Hindu">kalender Hindu</a> kuno, diikuti oleh Vikram Samvat dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalender_Budha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalender Budha (halaman belum tersedia)">kalender Buddhis</a> setempat. Festival Buddhis masih dijadwalkan menurut sistem bulan.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vikram Samvat memiliki dua sistem. Itu dimulai pada 56 SM dalam sistem kalender Hindu selatan (<i>amaanta</i>) dan 57–56 SM dalam sistem utara (<i>purnimaanta</i>). Shukla Paksha, ketika sebagian besar festival terjadi, bertepatan di kedua sistem.<sup id="cite_ref-Salomon1998p181_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salomon1998p181-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AA_1989_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AA_1989-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kalender lunisolar Vikram Samvat adalah 56,7 tahun lebih cepat dari kalender surya Gregorian; tahun 2080 BS dimulai pertengahan April 2025 M, dan berakhir pertengahan April 2026 M. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Rana" title="Dinasti Rana">Dinasti Rana</a> di Nepal menjadikan Bikram Sambat sebagai kalender resmi Hindu pada tahun 1901 M, yang dimulai pada tahun 1958 BS.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tahun baru di Nepal dimulai dengan hari pertama bulan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaisakha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaisakha (halaman belum tersedia)">Baisakh</a>, yang biasanya jatuh sekitar 13–15 April dalam kalender Gregorian dan diakhiri dengan hari terakhir bulan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nakshatra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nakshatra (halaman belum tersedia)">Chitra</a>. Hari pertama tahun baru adalah hari libur umum di Nepal. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bisket_Jatra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bisket Jatra (halaman belum tersedia)">Bisket Jatra</a>, karnaval tahunan di <a href="/wiki/Bhaktapur" title="Bhaktapur">Bhaktapur</a>, juga dirayakan pada Baishakh 1. Pada tahun 2007, Sambat Nepal juga diakui sebagai kalender nasional bersama Bikram Sambat. </p><p>Di India, <a href="/wiki/Kalender_Saka" title="Kalender Saka">kalender Saka</a> yang dirumuskan ulang secara resmi digunakan (kecuali untuk menghitung tanggal festival tradisional). Dalam versi <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Hindi" title="Bahasa Hindi">bahasa Hindi</a> dari pembukaan <a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_India" title="Konstitusi India">konstitusi India</a>, tanggal pengesahannya (26 November 1949) disajikan dalam Vikram Samvat sebagai Margsheersh Shukla Saptami Samvat 2006. Terdapat seruan agar Vikram Samvat menggantikan kalender Saka sebagai Kalender resmi India.<sup id="cite_ref-tfpj12_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tfpj12-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tahun_baru">Tahun baru</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Tahun baru" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tahun baru"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri"><b>Chaitra Navaratri</b></a>: yang paling terkenal kedua, dinamai vasanta yang artinya musim semi. Dirayakan bulan lunar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaitra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaitra (halaman belum tersedia)">Chaitra</a> (pasca-musim dingin, Maret-April). Di banyak daerah festival jatuh setelah panen musim semi, dan di tempat lain selama panen. Itu juga menandai hari pertama kalender Hindu, karenanya juga dikenal sebagai Tahun Baru Imlek Hindu menurut kalender Vikram Samvat.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Visakhi" title="Visakhi">Visakhi</a></b>: <ul><li>Visakhi menandai awal <b>Tahun Baru Matahari Hindu</b> di <a href="/wiki/Punjab_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab (India)">Punjab</a>, <a href="/wiki/India_Utara" title="India Utara">India Utara</a>, <a href="/wiki/India_Timur" title="India Timur">Timur</a>, <a href="/wiki/India_Timur_Laut" title="India Timur Laut">Timur Laut</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Tengah</a> menurut kalender matahari Vikram Samvat.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan menandai hari pertama bulan Visakhi, yang biasanya dirayakan pada tanggal 13 atau 14 April setiap tahun dan merupakan festival sejarah dan keagamaan dalam <a href="/wiki/Agama_Hindu" title="Agama Hindu">agama Hindu</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Visakhi" title="Visakhi">Baisakhi (Nepal)</a></b>: Baisakhi dirayakan sebagai Tahun Baru Nepal<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> karena itu adalah hari yang menandai Tahun Baru Surya Hindu<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sesuai Bikram Sambat surya Nepal.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Masatoshi Iguchi (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rFvsBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135"><i>Java Essay: The History and Culture of a Southern Country</i></a>. TPL. hlm. 135. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-78462-885-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-78462-885-7">978-1-78462-885-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Java+Essay%3A+The+History+and+Culture+of+a+Southern+Country&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=TPL&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-78462-885-7&rft.au=Masatoshi+Iguchi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrFvsBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Edward Simpson (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dtI1ynX9x-UC&pg=PA113"><i>Muslim Society and the Western Indian Ocean: The Seafarers of Kachchh</i></a>. Routledge. hlm. 113–114. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-134-18484-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-134-18484-2">978-1-134-18484-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Society+and+the+Western+Indian+Ocean%3A+The+Seafarers+of+Kachchh&rft.pages=113-114&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-134-18484-2&rft.au=Edward+Simpson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdtI1ynX9x-UC%26pg%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nesbittbc-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nesbittbc_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nesbittbc_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Eleanor Nesbitt (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XebnCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA122"><i>Sikhism: a Very Short Introduction</i></a>. Oxford University Press. hlm. 122–123. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-19-874557-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-19-874557-0">978-0-19-874557-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sikhism%3A+a+Very+Short+Introduction&rft.pages=122-123&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-19-874557-0&rft.au=Eleanor+Nesbitt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXebnCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Orazio Marucchi (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PoBjBYdzrkQC&pg=PA289"><i>Christian Epigraphy: An Elementary Treatise with a Collection of Ancient Christian Inscriptions Mainly of Roman Origin</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 289. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-521-23594-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-521-23594-5">978-0-521-23594-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christian+Epigraphy%3A+An+Elementary+Treatise+with+a+Collection+of+Ancient+Christian+Inscriptions+Mainly+of+Roman+Origin&rft.pages=289&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-521-23594-5&rft.au=Orazio+Marucchi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPoBjBYdzrkQC%26pg%3DPA289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>, Text: "...the lunar year consists of 354 days..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fuller2004p109-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fuller2004p109_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Christopher John Fuller (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=To6XSeBUW3oC"><i>The Camphor Flame: Popular Hinduism and Society in India</i></a>. Princeton University Press. hlm. 109–110. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-69112-04-85" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-69112-04-85">978-0-69112-04-85</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Camphor+Flame%3A+Popular+Hinduism+and+Society+in+India&rft.pages=109-110&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-69112-04-85&rft.au=Christopher+John+Fuller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTo6XSeBUW3oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Anita Ganeri (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B-EawToG-6YC&pg=PT11"><i>Buddhist Festivals Through the Year</i></a>. BRB. hlm. 11–12. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-58340-375-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-58340-375-4">978-1-58340-375-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buddhist+Festivals+Through+the+Year&rft.pages=11-12&rft.pub=BRB&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-58340-375-4&rft.au=Anita+Ganeri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB-EawToG-6YC%26pg%3DPT11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salomon1998p181-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Salomon1998p181_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Richard Salomon (1398). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XYrG07qQDxkC&pg=PA181"><i>Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. hlm. 181–183. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-19-535666-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-19-535666-3">978-0-19-535666-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Epigraphy%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Study+of+Inscriptions+in+Sanskrit%2C+Prakrit%2C+and+the+other+Indo-Aryan+Languages&rft.pages=181-183&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1398&rft.isbn=978-0-19-535666-3&rft.au=Richard+Salomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXYrG07qQDxkC%26pg%3DPA181&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AA_1989-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AA_1989_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ashvini Agrawal (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hRjC5IaJ2zcC&pg=PA174"><i>Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass. hlm. 174–175. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-81-208-0592-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-81-208-0592-7">978-81-208-0592-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Imperial+Guptas&rft.pages=174-175&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0592-7&rft.au=Ashvini+Agrawal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhRjC5IaJ2zcC%26pg%3DPA174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Crump, William D. (2014-04-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cDTfCwAAQBAJ&q=BIKRAM+SAMBAT&pg=PA38"><i>Encyclopedia of New Year's Holidays Worldwide</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). McFarland. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-7864-9545-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-7864-9545-0">978-0-7864-9545-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+New+Year%27s+Holidays+Worldwide&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2014-04-25&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-9545-0&rft.aulast=Crump&rft.aufirst=William+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcDTfCwAAQBAJ%26q%3DBIKRAM%2BSAMBAT%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tfpj12-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tfpj12_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140426123959/http://freepressjournal.in/vikram-samvat-should-be-declared-national-calendar/">"Vikram Samvat should be declared national calendar"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Free_Press_Journal" title="The Free Press Journal">The Free Press Journal</a></i>. 15 February 2012. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freepressjournal.in/vikram-samvat-should-be-declared-national-calendar/">versi asli</a> tanggal 26 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Free+Press+Journal&rft.atitle=Vikram+Samvat+should+be+declared+national+calendar&rft.date=2012-02-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreepressjournal.in%2Fvikram-samvat-should-be-declared-national-calendar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/more-lifestyle/chaitra-navratri-2020-significance-history-behind-the-nine-day-festival-and-how-will-it-be-different-this-year/story-QhzJsRqlahKGlp9gAbWe8M.html">"Chaitra Navratri 2020: Significance, history behind the nine-day festival and how will it be different this year"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindustan_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hindustan Times">The Hindustan Times</a></i>. 2020-03-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2021-02-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Chaitra+Navratri+2020%3A+Significance%2C+history+behind+the+nine-day+festival+and+how+will+it+be+different+this+year&rft.date=2020-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fmore-lifestyle%2Fchaitra-navratri-2020-significance-history-behind-the-nine-day-festival-and-how-will-it-be-different-this-year%2Fstory-QhzJsRqlahKGlp9gAbWe8M.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Desk, India TV News (2015-03-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatvnews.com/lifestyle/news/navaratri-vasanta-sharad-difference-4812.html">"Difference between Vasanta and Sharad Navaratri - India TV"</a>. <i>www.indiatvnews.com</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-10-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.indiatvnews.com&rft.atitle=Difference+between+Vasanta+and+Sharad+Navaratri+-+India+TV&rft.date=2015-03-21&rft.aulast=Desk&rft.aufirst=India+TV+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatvnews.com%2Flifestyle%2Fnews%2Fnavaratri-vasanta-sharad-difference-4812.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Rinehart, Robin; Rinehart, Robert (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hMPYnfS_R90C&q=Vaisakhi+hindu&pg=PA139"><i>Contemporary Hinduism: Ritual, Culture, and Practice</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-57607-905-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-57607-905-8">978-1-57607-905-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Hinduism%3A+Ritual%2C+Culture%2C+and+Practice&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-57607-905-8&rft.aulast=Rinehart&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.au=Rinehart%2C+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhMPYnfS_R90C%26q%3DVaisakhi%2Bhindu%26pg%3DPA139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Kelly, Aidan A.; Dresser, Peter D.; Ross, Linda M. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wBcbAAAAYAAJ&q=Baisakhi+hindu"><i>Religious Holidays and Calendars: An Encyclopaedic Handbook</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Omnigraphics, Incorporated. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-55888-348-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-55888-348-2">978-1-55888-348-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religious+Holidays+and+Calendars%3A+An+Encyclopaedic+Handbook&rft.pub=Omnigraphics%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-1-55888-348-2&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Aidan+A.&rft.au=Dresser%2C+Peter+D.&rft.au=Ross%2C+Linda+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwBcbAAAAYAAJ%26q%3DBaisakhi%2Bhindu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cg8iAQAAMAAJ&q=Nepalese+New+Year+baisakhi&pg=PA13"><i>International Commerce</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Bureau of International Commerce. 1970.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Commerce&rft.pub=Bureau+of+International+Commerce.&rft.date=1970&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcg8iAQAAMAAJ%26q%3DNepalese%2BNew%2BYear%2Bbaisakhi%26pg%3DPA13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Fodor's; Staff, Fodor's Travel Publications, Inc (12 December 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8ME4aHbiyX4C&q=Hindu+solar+New+Year+baisakhi"><i>India, Nepal and Sri Lanka, 1984</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Fodor's Travel Publications. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-679-01013-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-679-01013-5">978-0-679-01013-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%2C+Nepal+and+Sri+Lanka%2C+1984&rft.pub=Fodor%27s+Travel+Publications&rft.date=1983-12-12&rft.isbn=978-0-679-01013-5&rft.au=Fodor%27s&rft.au=Staff%2C+Fodor%27s+Travel+Publications%2C+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8ME4aHbiyX4C%26q%3DHindu%2Bsolar%2BNew%2BYear%2Bbaisakhi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bacaan_tambahan">Bacaan tambahan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Bacaan tambahan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bacaan tambahan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> memiliki teks artikel the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> tentang <i><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Vikramaditya" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vikramaditya">Vikramaditya</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Harry Falk and Chris Bennett (2009). "Macedonian Intercalary Months and the Era of Azes." <i>Acta Orientalia</i> 70, pp. 197–215.</li> <li>"The Dynastic Art of the Kushan", John Rosenfield.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia">"<a href="https://id.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Samvat" class="extiw" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Samvat">Samvat</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i>. 1905.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Samvat&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVikram+Samvat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ashesh.com.np/nepali-calendar/">Kalender resmi Nepal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp/~yanom/pancanga/">Alat Pengonversi Kalender Gregorian – Saka – Vikrami Universitas Kyoto</a>, M. YANO dan M. FUSHIMI</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&oldid=27036321">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vikram_Samvat&oldid=27036321</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Reka_cipta_India" title="Kategori:Reka cipta India">Reka cipta India</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Kalender_Hindu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Kalender Hindu (halaman belum tersedia)">Kalender Hindu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kalender_spesifik" title="Kategori:Kalender spesifik">Kalender spesifik</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Kalender_lunisolar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Kalender lunisolar (halaman belum tersedia)">Kalender lunisolar</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_sumber_berbahasa_Inggris_(en)" title="Kategori:CS1 sumber berbahasa Inggris (en)">CS1 sumber berbahasa Inggris (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_menggunakan_parameter_yang_tidak_didukung" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung">Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_yang_mengandung_kutipan_dari_New_International_Encyclopedia" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia yang mengandung kutipan dari New International Encyclopedia">Artikel Wikipedia yang mengandung kutipan dari New International Encyclopedia</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 15 Maret 2025, pukul 14.12.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks tersedia di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Lisensi Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa Creative Commons</a>; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. 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