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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vefsíða"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Efni" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Efni</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">færa í hliðarstiku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">fela</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjun</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Heiti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heiti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Heiti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heiti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Saga</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Saga-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sýna/fela Saga undirkafla</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Saga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Heimastjórnarkreppan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heimastjórnarkreppan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Heimastjórnarkreppan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heimastjórnarkreppan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skiptingin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skiptingin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Skiptingin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skiptingin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1925-1965" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1925-1965"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1925-1965</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1925-1965-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Átökin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Átökin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Átökin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Átökin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Friðarferlið_og_Brexit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Friðarferlið_og_Brexit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Friðarferlið og Brexit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Friðarferlið_og_Brexit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landfræði" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landfræði"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Landfræði</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landfræði-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stjórnmál" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stjórnmál"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Stjórnmál</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Stjórnmál-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sýna/fela Stjórnmál undirkafla</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Stjórnmál-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Stjórnsýslueiningar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stjórnsýslueiningar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Stjórnsýslueiningar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stjórnsýslueiningar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efnahagslíf" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efnahagslíf"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Efnahagslíf</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efnahagslíf-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Íbúar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Íbúar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Íbúar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Íbúar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Menning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Menning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Menning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Menning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tilvísanir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tilvísanir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Tilvísanir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tilvísanir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenglar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenglar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Tenglar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenglar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Efni" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sýna/fela efnisyfirlit" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Sýna/fela efnisyfirlit</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Norður-Írland</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Fara á grein á öðru tungumáli. Til staðar á 177 tungumálum" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-177" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">177 tungumál</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Úrvalsgrein"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Ierland" title="Noord-Ierland – afríkanska" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Noord-Ierland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afríkanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordirland" title="Nordirland – svissnesk þýska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Nordirland" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="svissnesk þýska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%88%9C%E1%8A%95_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%AD%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5" title="ስሜን አየርላንድ – amharíska" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ስሜን አየርላንድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_d%27o_Norte" title="Irlanda d'o Norte – aragonska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Irlanda d'o Norte" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%C3%B0erne_%C4%AArland" title="Norðerne Īrland – fornenska" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Norðerne Īrland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="fornenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أيرلندا الشمالية – arabíska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أيرلندا الشمالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="إيرلاندا الشمالية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إيرلاندا الشمالية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87" title="ايرلاندا الشماليه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايرلاندا الشماليه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Norte" title="Irlanda del Norte – astúríska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Irlanda del Norte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúríska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eimali_%C4%B0rlandiya" title="Şimali İrlandiya – aserska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şimali İrlandiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="شومالی ایرلند – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شومالی ایرلند" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Төньяҡ Ирландия – baskír" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Төньяҡ Ирландия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baskír" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandia_Kal%C3%A9r" title="Irlandia Kalér – balíska" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Irlandia Kalér" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noadirland" title="Noadirland – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Noadirland" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandya_nin_Norte" title="Irlandya nin Norte – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Irlandya nin Norte" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%86%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Паўночная Ірландыя – hvítrússneska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўночная Ірландыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="hvítrússneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%86%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Паўночная Ірляндыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паўночная Ірляндыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlan_Lor" title="Irlan Lor – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Irlan Lor" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Северна Ирландия – búlgarska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Северна Ирландия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgarska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="उत्तरी आयरलैंड – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="उत्तरी आयरलैंड" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%91%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="အုဲင်ယာလန်ထင်ꩻခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="အုဲင်ယာလန်ထင်ꩻခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="উত্তর আয়ারল্যান্ড – bengalska" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উত্তর আয়ারল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norzhiwerzhon" title="Norzhiwerzhon – bretónska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Norzhiwerzhon" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_Irska" title="Sjeverna Irska – bosníska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sjeverna Irska" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Хойто Ирланд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хойто Ирланд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Nord" title="Irlanda del Nord – katalónska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Irlanda del Nord" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Norte" title="Irlanda del Norte – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Irlanda del Norte" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1e%CC%A4k_%C3%81i-%C4%AB-l%C3%A0ng" title="Báe̤k Ái-ī-làng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Báe̤k Ái-ī-làng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland – kebúanó" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="kebúanó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ئیرلەندی باکوور – miðkúrdíska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیرلەندی باکوور" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="miðkúrdíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severn%C3%AD_Irsko" title="Severní Irsko – tékkneska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Severní Irsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tékkneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%D1%83%D1%80%C3%A7%C4%95%D1%80_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Çурçĕр Ирланди – sjúvas" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çурçĕр Ирланди" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="sjúvas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gogledd_Iwerddon" title="Gogledd Iwerddon – velska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gogledd Iwerddon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordirland" title="Nordirland – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nordirland" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordirland" title="Nordirland – þýska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nordirland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="þýska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0rlanday_Z%C4%B1mey" title="İrlanday Zımey – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İrlanday Zımey" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3dpo%C5%82nocna_Irska" title="Pódpołnocna Irska – lágsorbneska" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Pódpołnocna Irska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="lágsorbneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="उत्तरी आयरल्याण्ड – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="उत्तरी आयरल्याण्ड" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%99%CF%81%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βόρεια Ιρλανδία – gríska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βόρεια Ιρλανδία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gríska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland – enska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="enska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Irlando" title="Nord-Irlando – esperantó" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nord-Irlando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Norte" title="Irlanda del Norte – spænska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Irlanda del Norte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spænska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B5hja-Iirimaa" title="Põhja-Iirimaa – eistneska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Põhja-Iirimaa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="eistneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipar_Irlanda" title="Ipar Irlanda – baskneska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ipar Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Norti" title="Irlanda del Norti – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Irlanda del Norti" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ایرلند شمالی – persneska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایرلند شمالی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohjois-Irlanti" title="Pohjois-Irlanti – finnska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pohjois-Irlanti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%C3%B0ur%C3%ADrland" title="Norðurírland – færeyska" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Norðurírland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færeyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlande_du_Nord" title="Irlande du Nord – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Irlande du Nord" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuurdirlun/fe" title="Nuurdirlun/fe – norðurfrísneska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nuurdirlun/fe" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="norðurfrísneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noard-Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Noard-Ierlân – vesturfrísneska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Noard-Ierlân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vesturfrísneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuaisceart_%C3%89ireann" title="Tuaisceart Éireann – írska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tuaisceart Éireann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88irinn_a_Tuath" title="Èirinn a Tuath – skosk gelíska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Èirinn a Tuath" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skosk gelíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_do_Norte" title="Irlanda do Norte – galisíska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Irlanda do Norte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvate_Iril%C3%A1nda" title="Yvate Irilánda – gvaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Yvate Irilánda" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="उत्तर आयर्लंड – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="उत्तर आयर्लंड" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%A8_%E0%AA%86%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A1" title="નોર્ધન આયર્લેન્ડ – gújaratí" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નોર્ધન આયર્લેન્ડ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gújaratí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerin_Hwoaie" title="Nerin Hwoaie – manska" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Nerin Hwoaie" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland_ta_Arewa" title="Ireland ta Arewa – hása" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ireland ta Arewa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hása" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pet_Ireland" title="Pet Ireland – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Pet Ireland" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="צפון אירלנד – hebreska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צפון אירלנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="उत्तरी आयरलैंड – hindí" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उत्तरी आयरलैंड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_Irska" title="Sjeverna Irska – króatíska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sjeverna Irska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="króatíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewjerna_Irska" title="Sewjerna Irska – hásorbneska" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Sewjerna Irska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="hásorbneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilann_din%C3%B2" title="Ilann dinò – haítíska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ilann dinò" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haítíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89szak-%C3%8Drorsz%C3%A1g" title="Észak-Írország – ungverska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Észak-Írország" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%BB%D5%BC%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Հյուսիսային Իռլանդիա – armenska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հյուսիսային Իռլանդիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Nord" title="Irlanda del Nord – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Irlanda del Nord" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandia_Utara" title="Irlandia Utara – indónesíska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Irlandia Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indónesíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Irland" title="Nord-Irland – interlingve" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Nord-Irland" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingve" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akin-amianan_nga_Irlanda" title="Akin-amianan nga Irlanda – ílokó" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Akin-amianan nga Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ílokó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Irlando" title="Nord-Irlando – ídó" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nord-Irlando" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ídó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Nord" title="Irlanda del Nord – ítalska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Irlanda del Nord" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ítalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="北アイルランド – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="北アイルランド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlan_Lor" title="Irlan Lor – javanska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Irlan Lor" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ჩრდილოეთი ირლანდია – georgíska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჩრდილოეთი ირლანდია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irland_n_Ugafa" title="Irland n Ugafa – kabíle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Irland n Ugafa" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabíle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irland%C9%A9_Hay%C9%A9_Ki%C5%8B" title="Irlandɩ Hayɩ Kiŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Irlandɩ Hayɩ Kiŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandia_Liba" title="Irlandia Liba – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Irlandia Liba" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Солтүстік Ирландия – kasakska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Солтүстік Ирландия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%A1%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%84" title="អៀរឡង់ខាងជើង – kmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អៀរឡង់ខាងជើង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0_%E0%B2%90%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8C" title="ಉತ್ತರ ಐರ್ಲೆಂಡ್‌‌ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಉತ್ತರ ಐರ್ಲೆಂಡ್‌‌" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%81%EC%95%84%EC%9D%BC%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C" title="북아일랜드 – kóreska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="북아일랜드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kóreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Erlendaya_Bakur" title="Îrlendaya Bakur – kúrdíska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îrlendaya Bakur" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kúrdíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordhen_Gledh" title="Wordhen Gledh – kornbreska" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Wordhen Gledh" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornbreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Түндүк Ирландия – kirgiska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Түндүк Ирландия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibernia_Septentrionalis" title="Hibernia Septentrionalis – latína" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hibernia Septentrionalis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latína" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordirland" title="Nordirland – lúxemborgíska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nordirland" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lúxemborgíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Er_Norde" title="Er Norde – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Er Norde" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Ierland" title="Noord-Ierland – limbúrgíska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Noord-Ierland" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbúrgíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_do_N%C3%B2rd" title="Irlanda do Nòrd – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Irlanda do Nòrd" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_dl_Nord" title="Irlanda dl Nord – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Irlanda dl Nord" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Nord" title="Irlanda del Nord – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Irlanda del Nord" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irland%C3%AD_ya_Nola" title="Irlandí ya Nola – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Irlandí ya Nola" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Airija" title="Šiaurės Airija – litháíska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šiaurės Airija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litháíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zieme%C4%BC%C4%ABrija" title="Ziemeļīrija – lettneska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ziemeļīrija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Северна Ирска – makedónska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Северна Ирска" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="വടക്കൻ അയർലണ്ട് – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വടക്കൻ അയർലണ്ട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Умард Ирланд – mongólska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Умард Ирланд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongólska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1_%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A2%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯂꯦꯟ – manípúrí" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯂꯦꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manípúrí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="उत्तर आयर्लंड – maratí" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उत्तर आयर्लंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland_Utara" title="Ireland Utara – malaíska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ireland Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_ta%27_Fuq" title="Irlanda ta' Fuq – maltneska" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Irlanda ta' Fuq" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="မြောက်အိုင်ယာလန်နိုင်ငံ – búrmneska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မြောက်အိုင်ယာလန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="búrmneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="شمالی ایرلند – masanderaní" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شمالی ایرلند" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="masanderaní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanna_d%22o_Nord" title="Irlanna d"o Nord – napólíska" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Irlanna d"o Nord" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napólíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noordirland" title="Noordirland – lágþýska; lágsaxneska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Noordirland" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lágþýska; lágsaxneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Ierlaand" title="Noord-Ierlaand – lágsaxneska" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Noord-Ierlaand" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lágsaxneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="उत्तर आयरल्यान्ड – nepalska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="उत्तर आयरल्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Ierland" title="Noord-Ierland – hollenska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Noord-Ierland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Irland" title="Nord-Irland – nýnorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nord-Irland" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nýnorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Irland" title="Nord-Irland – norskt bókmál" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nord-Irland" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bókmál" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordi_Irlande" title="Nordi Irlande – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Nordi Irlande" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlande_du_Nord" title="Irlande du Nord – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Irlande du Nord" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Irlanda del Nòrd – oksítaníska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Irlanda del Nòrd" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksítaníska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%C3%A6%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Цæгат Ирланди – ossetíska" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Цæгат Ирланди" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1" title="ਉੱਤਰੀ ਆਇਰਲੈਂਡ – púnjabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉੱਤਰੀ ਆਇਰਲੈਂਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="púnjabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlinde_du_Nord" title="Irlinde du Nord – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Irlinde du Nord" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandia_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocna" title="Irlandia Północna – pólska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Irlandia Północna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pólska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_d%C3%ABl_N%C3%B2rd" title="Irlanda dël Nòrd – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Irlanda dël Nòrd" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="شمالی آئرلینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شمالی آئرلینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%DA%89" title="شمالي ایرلنډ – pastú" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شمالي ایرلنډ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_do_Norte" title="Irlanda do Norte – portúgalska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Irlanda do Norte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portúgalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinchay_Irihallp%27a" title="Chinchay Irihallp'a – kvesjúa" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chinchay Irihallp'a" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kvesjúa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_dal_Nord" title="Irlanda dal Nord – rómanska" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Irlanda dal Nord" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="rómanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordutno_Irland" title="Nordutno Irland – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Nordutno Irland" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_de_Nord" title="Irlanda de Nord – rúmenska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Irlanda de Nord" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rúmenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_di_Aratsile" title="Irlanda di Aratsile – arúmenska" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Irlanda di Aratsile" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arúmenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Северная Ирландия – rússneska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Северная Ирландия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rússneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_de_su_Norte" title="Irlanda de su Norte – sardínska" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Irlanda de su Norte" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardínska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanna_d%C3%BB_Nord" title="Irlanna dû Nord – sikileyska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Irlanna dû Nord" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sikileyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norlin_Airlan" title="Norlin Airlan – skoska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Norlin Airlan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skoska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%8A" title="اتر آئرلينڊ – sindí" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اتر آئرلينڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_Irska" title="Sjeverna Irska – serbókróatíska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sjeverna Irska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbókróatíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A2%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%82%87%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%82%81%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းဢၢႆႇယႃႇလႅၼ်ႇႁွင်ႇ – sjan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းဢၢႆႇယႃႇလႅၼ်ႇႁွင်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="sjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA" title="උතුරු අයර්ලන්තය – singalíska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="උතුරු අයර්ලන්තය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severn%C3%A9_%C3%8Drsko" title="Severné Írsko – slóvakíska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Severné Írsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slóvakíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severna_Irska" title="Severna Irska – slóvenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Severna Irska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slóvenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tave-Irland" title="Tave-Irland – enaresamíska" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Tave-Irland" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waqooyiga_Ayrland" title="Waqooyiga Ayrland – sómalska" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Waqooyiga Ayrland" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="sómalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_Veriore" title="Irlanda Veriore – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Irlanda Veriore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Северна Ирска – serbneska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Северна Ирска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noudirlound" title="Noudirlound – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Noudirlound" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandia_Kal%C3%A9r" title="Irlandia Kalér – súndanska" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Irlandia Kalér" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="súndanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordirland" title="Nordirland – sænska" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nordirland" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sænska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eire_Kaskazini" title="Eire Kaskazini – svahílí" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Eire Kaskazini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahílí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="வட அயர்லாந்து – tamílska" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வட அயர்லாந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamílska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_Norte" title="Irlanda Norte – tetúm" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Irlanda Norte" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetúm" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Ирландияи Шимолӣ – tadsjikska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ирландияи Шимолӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="ไอร์แลนด์เหนือ – taílenska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไอร์แลนด์เหนือ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taílenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demirgazyk_Irlandi%C3%BDa" title="Demirgazyk Irlandiýa – túrkmenska" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Demirgazyk Irlandiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="túrkmenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilagang_Irlanda" title="Hilagang Irlanda – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hilagang Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kob%C9%99son%C9%99_Irlandij%C9%99" title="Kobəsonə Irlandijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kobəsonə Irlandijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBAealani_Tokelau" title="ʻAealani Tokelau – tongverska" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻAealani Tokelau" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noten_Aialan" title="Noten Aialan – tokpisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Noten Aialan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tokpisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzey_%C4%B0rlanda" title="Kuzey İrlanda – tyrkneska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuzey İrlanda" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BA_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Төньяк Ирландия – tatarska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Төньяк Ирландия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Уйпал Ирландия – údmúrt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Уйпал Ирландия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="údmúrt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%86%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Північна Ірландія – úkraínska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Північна Ірландія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="úkraínska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="شمالی آئرلینڈ – úrdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شمالی آئرلینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="úrdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimoliy_Irlandiya" title="Shimoliy Irlandiya – úsbekska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shimoliy Irlandiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="úsbekska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_del_Nord" title="Irlanda del Nord – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Irlanda del Nord" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%AFc_Ireland" title="Bắc Ireland – víetnamska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bắc Ireland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="víetnamska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B4ord-Ierland" title="Nôord-Ierland – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Nôord-Ierland" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nol%C3%BCda-Lirey%C3%A4n" title="Nolüda-Lireyän – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Nolüda-Lireyän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijhe-Irlande" title="Bijhe-Irlande – vallónska" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bijhe-Irlande" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amihanan_nga_Irlanda" title="Amihanan nga Irlanda – varaí" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Amihanan nga Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰 – wu-kínverska" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="北爱尔兰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kínverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland – sósa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="sósa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ოორუე ირლანდია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოორუე ირლანდია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="צפון אירלאנד – jiddíska" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="צפון אירלאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dr%E1%BA%B9%CC%81l%C3%A1nd%C3%AC_Ap%C3%A1%C3%A0r%C3%ADw%C3%A1" title="Írẹ́lándì Apáàríwá – jórúba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Írẹ́lándì Apáàríwá" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jórúba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Ierland" title="Noord-Ierland – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Noord-Ierland" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰 – kínverska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="北爱尔兰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kínverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pak_%C3%80i-n%C3%AD-l%C3%A2n" title="Pak Ài-ní-lân – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pak Ài-ní-lân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" title="北愛爾蘭 – kantónska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="北愛爾蘭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Breyta tungumálatenglum" class="wbc-editpage">Breyta tenglum</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nafnrými"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" title="Sýna efnissíðuna [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Síða</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spjall:Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Spallsíða þessarar síðu (síða er ekki enn til) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Spjall</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Breyta tungumálaafbrigði" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">íslenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verkfæri</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">færa í hliðarstiku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">fela</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fleiri valkostir" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Aðgerðir </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland"><span>Lesa</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit" title="Breyta þessari síðu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Breyta</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit" title="Breyta frumkóða síðunnar [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Breyta frumkóða</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=history"><span>Breytingaskrá</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Almennt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:S%C3%AD%C3%B0ur_sem_tengjast_hinga%C3%B0/Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" title="Listi yfir síður sem tengjast í þessa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Hvað tengist hingað</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:N%C3%BDlegar_breytingar_tengdar/Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" rel="nofollow" title="Nýlegar breytingar á ítengdum síðum [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Skyldar breytingar</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hlaða_inn_skrá" title="Hlaða inn skrám [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Hlaða inn skrá</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0ur" title="Listi yfir kerfissíður [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Kerfissíður</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&oldid=1861422" title="Varanlegur tengill í þessa útgáfu síðunnar"><span>Varanlegur 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mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Prenta/flytja út </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland"><span>Búa til bók</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:DownloadAsPdf&page=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=show-download-screen"><span>Sækja sem PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&printable=yes" title="Prentanleg útgáfa af þessari síðu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Prentvæn útgáfa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Í öðrum verkefnum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26" title="Tengill á tengdan hlut í gagnagrunni [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata hlutur</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Síðuverkfæri"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Útlit"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance 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font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><b>Norður-Írland</b> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><i><b>Northern Ireland <span style="font-size: 0.7em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Enska" title="Enska">enska</a>)</span><br />Tuaisceart Éireann <span style="font-size: 0.7em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska" title="Írska">írska</a>)</span><br />Norlin Airlann <span style="font-size: 0.7em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulsterskoska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulsterskoska (síða er ekki enn til)">ulsterskoska</a>)</span></b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle;"><span style="display:inline-block; border:1px solid #BBBBBB;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fáni Norður-Írlands"><img alt="Fáni Norður-Írlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td width="50%" style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle;max-width:50% !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(St_Edward%27s_Crown).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skjaldarmerki Norður-Írlands"><img alt="Skjaldarmerki Norður-Írlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/85px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/128px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/170px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="text-align:center"><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A1ni_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fáni Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Fáni</a> </small> </td> <td style="text-align:center" width="50%"><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skjaldarmerki_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skjaldarmerki Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Skjaldarmerki</a> </small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background: #fff; padding: 0em 0 0em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Northern_Ireland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kort sem sýnir staðsetningu Norður-Írlands"><img alt="Staðsetning Norður-Írlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Northern_Ireland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg/250px-Northern_Ireland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Northern_Ireland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg/375px-Northern_Ireland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Northern_Ireland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg/500px-Northern_Ireland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6fu%C3%B0borg" title="Höfuðborg">Höfuðborg</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Opinbert_tungum%C3%A1l" title="Opinbert tungumál">Opinbert tungumál</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Enska" title="Enska">enska</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska" title="Írska">írska</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulsterskoska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulsterskoska (síða er ekki enn til)">ulsterskoska</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><b><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6nd_eftir_stj%C3%B3rnarfari" title="Lönd eftir stjórnarfari">Stjórnarfar</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eingbundin_konungsstj%C3%B3rn" title="Þingbundin konungsstjórn">Þingbundin konungsstjórn</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td><a href="/wiki/Bretakonungur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bretakonungur">Konungur</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_3._Bretakonungur" title="Karl 3. Bretakonungur">Karl 3.</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fors%C3%A6tisr%C3%A1%C3%B0herra_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forsætisráðherra Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Forsætisráðherra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michelle_O%27Neill" title="Michelle O'Neill">Michelle O'Neill</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td class="infobox-data"><b>Hluti <a href="/wiki/Bretland" title="Bretland">Bretlands</a></b> </td> <td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_r%C3%ADkisstj%C3%B3rn_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um ríkisstjórn Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög um ríkisstjórn Írlands</a></td> <td>3. maí 1921  </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_stj%C3%B3rnarskr%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um stjórnarskrá Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Stjórnarskrárlög</a></td> <td>18. júlí 1973  </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland_1974&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um Norður-Írland 1974 (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög um Norður-Írland</a></td> <td>17. júlí 1974  </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland_1998&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um Norður-Írland 1998 (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög um Norður-Írland</a></td> <td>19. nóvember 1998  </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Flatarm%C3%A1l" title="Flatarmál">Flatarmál</a></b><br /> • Samtals </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><br />14.130 km² </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Mannfj%C3%B6ldi" title="Mannfjöldi">Mannfjöldi</a></b><br /> • Samtals (2021)<br /> • <a href="/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%A9ttleiki_bygg%C3%B0ar" title="Þéttleiki byggðar">Þéttleiki byggðar</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><br />1.903.100<br />133/km² </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td class="infobox-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Verg_landsframlei%C3%B0sla" title="Verg landsframleiðsla">VLF</a></b> (<b><a href="/wiki/Kaupm%C3%A1ttarj%C3%B6fnu%C3%B0ur" title="Kaupmáttarjöfnuður">KMJ</a></b>) </td> <td class="infobox-data">áætl. <a href="/wiki/2018" title="2018">2018</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td> • Samtals</td> <td>49 millj. <a href="/wiki/Bandar%C3%ADkjadalur" title="Bandaríkjadalur">dala</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td> • Á mann</td> <td>26.000 dalir </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADsitala_um_%C3%BEr%C3%B3un_l%C3%ADfsg%C3%A6%C3%B0a" title="Vísitala um þróun lífsgæða">VÞL</a></b> (2019) </td> <td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">0.899 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Gjaldmi%C3%B0ill" title="Gjaldmiðill">Gjaldmiðill</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Sterlingspund" class="mw-redirect" title="Sterlingspund">sterlingspund</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%ADmabelti" title="Tímabelti">Tímabelti</a></b> </td> <td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/UTC" title="UTC">UTC</a> (UTC+1 <a href="/wiki/Evr%C3%B3pskur_sumart%C3%ADmi" title="Evrópskur sumartími">á sumrin</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ej%C3%B3%C3%B0arl%C3%A9n" title="Þjóðarlén">Þjóðarlén</a></b> </td> <td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/.uk" title=".uk">.uk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Landsn%C3%BAmer" title="Landsnúmer">Landsnúmer</a></b> </td> <td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Listi_yfir_landsn%C3%BAmer" title="Listi yfir landsnúmer">+44</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Norður-Írland</b> er eitt af fjórum löndum sem mynda <a href="/wiki/Bretland" title="Bretland">Bretland</a>. Það er á <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drland" title="Írland">Norðaustur-Írlandi</a> og á landamæri að <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0" title="Írska lýðveldið">Írska lýðveldinu</a> í suðvestri. Íbúar Norður-Írlands eru um 1,8 milljónir, sem er þriðjungur allra íbúa <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drland" title="Írland">Írlands</a> og um 3% íbúa Bretlands. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eing_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þing Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Þing Norður-Írlands</a> var stofnað í kjölfar <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6studagss%C3%A1ttm%C3%A1linn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Föstudagssáttmálinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Föstudagssáttmálans</a> <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> og tekur ákvarðanir í mörgum stefnumálum þótt mest völd séu hjá <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADkisstj%C3%B3rn_Bretlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Ríkisstjórn Bretlands">ríkisstjórn Bretlands</a>. Norður-Írland hefur samstarf við Írska lýðveldið í ýmsum málum og hefur það hlutverk að setja fram stefnu til að draga úr ágreiningi milli stjórna landanna. </p><p>Norður-Írland varð til árið 1921 þegar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skipting_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skipting Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Írlandi var skipt</a> með lögum frá <a href="/wiki/Breska_%C3%BEingi%C3%B0" title="Breska þingið">breska þinginu</a> þar sem meirihluti íbúa norðurhlutans voru fylgjandi sameiningu við Bretland. Flestir þeirra voru <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3tm%C3%A6lendatr%C3%BA" title="Mótmælendatrú">mótmælendatrúar</a> og afkomendur innflytjenda frá <a href="/wiki/St%C3%B3ra-Bretland" title="Stóra-Bretland">Stóra-Bretlandi</a>. Árið eftir var <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0" title="Írska lýðveldið">Írska fríríkið</a> stofnað í suðurhlutanum. Á Norður-Írlandi er þó stór minnihluti <a href="/wiki/Ka%C3%BE%C3%B3lsk_tr%C3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaþólsk trú">kaþólskra</a> íbúa sem líta á sig sem Íra fremur en Breta. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saga_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saga Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Saga Norður-Írlands</a> hefur mótast af átökum milli þessara hópa. Seint á <a href="/wiki/1961-1970" title="1961-1970">7. áratug</a> 20. aldar hófst <a href="/wiki/%C3%81t%C3%B6kin_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi" title="Átökin á Norður-Írlandi">átakatími</a> sem stóð í þrjá áratugi. Friðarferli náði hátindi sínum með <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6studagss%C3%A1ttm%C3%A1linn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Föstudagssáttmálinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Föstudagssáttmálanum</a> <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> þótt aðskilnaður og tortryggni milli hópa séu enn vandamál. </p><p>Norður-Írland var sögulega <a href="/wiki/I%C3%B0nbyltingin" title="Iðnbyltingin">iðnvæddasti</a> hluti eyjarinnar. Eftir hnignunarskeið vegna átakanna hefur atvinnulíf tekið við sér frá því seint á 10. áratugnum vegna aukinna viðskipta við Írska lýðveldið og aukningu ferðaþjónustu. Atvinnuleysi á Norður-Írlandi náði hámarki 1986 þegar það var yfir 17%. Það er nú svipað og annars staðar í Bretlandi. </p><p>Frægir Norður-Írar eru meðal annars <a href="/wiki/Van_Morrison" title="Van Morrison">Van Morrison</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rory_McIlroy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rory McIlroy (síða er ekki enn til)">Rory McIlroy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joey_Dunlop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joey Dunlop (síða er ekki enn til)">Joey Dunlop</a> og <a href="/wiki/George_Best" title="George Best">George Best</a>. Sumir Norður-Írar, eins og <a href="/wiki/Seamus_Heaney" title="Seamus Heaney">Seamus Heaney</a> og <a href="/wiki/Liam_Neeson" title="Liam Neeson">Liam Neeson</a>, líta fyrst og fremst á sig sem Íra. Menningarleg tengsl við bæði Írska lýðveldið og Bretland eru margþætt og flókin. Í íþróttum sendir Írland stundum eitt sameiginlegt lið og á <a href="/wiki/%C3%93lymp%C3%ADuleikarnir" title="Ólympíuleikarnir">Ólympíuleikunum</a> geta Norður-Írar valið hvort þeir keppa fyrir Írska lýðveldið eða Bretland. Í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samveldisleikarnir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samveldisleikarnir (síða er ekki enn til)">Samveldisleikunum</a> sendir Norður-Írland sérstakt lið. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heiti">Heiti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Breyti hluta: Heiti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Heiti"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nafnið Norður-Írland varð til þegar <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_stj%C3%B3rn_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um stjórn Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">lög um stjórn Írlands</a> voru samþykkt á <a href="/wiki/Breska_%C3%BEingi%C3%B0" title="Breska þingið">breska þinginu</a> árið 1920. Með lögunum urðu til tvö <a href="/wiki/Heimastj%C3%B3rn" title="Heimastjórn">heimastjórnarsvæði</a> á Írlandi, Norður-Írland og Suður-Írland, hvort með sitt þing. Ástæðan var sú að írskir sambandssinnar í <a href="/wiki/Ulster" title="Ulster">Ulster</a> óttuðust að þing í <a href="/wiki/Dublin" class="mw-redirect" title="Dublin">Dublin</a> hefði sjálfstæðissinna í meirihluta sem myndu kljúfa Írland frá <a href="/wiki/Bretland" title="Bretland">Bretlandi</a>. Norður-Írland náði aðeins yfir sex af níu sýslum Ulster þar sem sambandssinnar töldu sig ekki hafa öruggan meirihluta í öllum sýslunum níu. </p><p>Eftir samþykkt laganna kom <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eing_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þing Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">þing Norður-Írlands</a> saman, en <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eing_Su%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þing Suður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">þing Suður-Írlands</a> var hunsað af sjálfstæðissinnum í <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> sem höfðu mikinn meirihluta og varð því aldrei að veruleika. Þeir stofnuðu síðan <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska_fr%C3%ADr%C3%ADki%C3%B0" title="Írska fríríkið">Írska fríríkið</a> eftir friðarsamninga við Bretland. Samningarnir fólu í sér að þing Norður-Írlands mætti kjósa að segja sig úr fríríkinu, sem það gerði. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Saga">Saga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Breyti hluta: Saga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Saga"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Landsvæðið sem er nú Norður-Írland var lengi byggt innfæddum <a href="/wiki/Gelar" title="Gelar">Gelum</a> sem töluðu írsku og voru flestir kaþólskrar trúar.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nokkur gelísk konungsríki komu upp þar sem var kallað <a href="/wiki/Ulster" title="Ulster">Ulster</a>. Árið 1169 gerðu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Innr%C3%A1s_Normanna_%C3%AD_%C3%8Drland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Innrás Normanna í Írland (síða er ekki enn til)">Normannar innrás í Írland</a> og lögðu megnið af eyjunni undir ensku krúnuna. Þar með hófust 800 ár af erlendum yfirráðum. Andspyrna íbúa var barin á bak aftur alls staðar nema í Ulster. Þar hélt gelískt ríki áfram völdum, en yfirráð Englendinga voru bundin við <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jarlsd%C3%A6mi%C3%B0_Ulster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jarlsdæmið Ulster (síða er ekki enn til)">lítið svæði á austurströndinni</a>. Eftir innrásina hnignaði stjórn Englendinga á Írlandi nær alls staðar nema í <a href="/wiki/Dublin" class="mw-redirect" title="Dublin">Dublin</a> og nágrenni. Þegar <a href="/wiki/Hinrik_8." title="Hinrik 8.">Hinrik 8.</a> hóf <a href="/w/index.php?title=Innr%C3%A1s_Tudor-%C3%A6ttar_%C3%AD_%C3%8Drland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Innrás Tudor-ættar í Írland (síða er ekki enn til)">endurheimt Írlands</a> á 16. öld veitti Ulster harðasta mótspyrnu. Í <a href="/wiki/N%C3%ADu_%C3%A1ra_str%C3%AD%C3%B0i%C3%B0" title="Níu ára stríðið">níu ára stríðinu</a> leiddu voldugustu aðalsmenn Ulster, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_Roe_O%27Donnell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh Roe O'Donnell (síða er ekki enn til)">Hugh Roe O'Donnell</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jarlinn_af_Tyrone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jarlinn af Tyrone (síða er ekki enn til)">jarlinn af Tyrone</a>, uppreisn gegn stjórninni í Dublin. Þetta var fyrsta bandalag Íra gegn erlendum yfirráðum. Áður hafði mótspyrna verið staðbundin. Þrátt fyrir bandalag við Spán og nokkra sigra til að byrja með, var ósigur bandalagsins nær tryggður eftir sigur Englendinga í <a href="/wiki/Ums%C3%A1tri%C3%B0_um_Kinsale" title="Umsátrið um Kinsale">umsátrinu um Kinsale</a>. Leiðtogar uppreisnarinnar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jarlafl%C3%B3ttinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jarlaflóttinn (síða er ekki enn til)">flúðu til meginlandsins</a> ásamt stórum hluta aðalsins í Ulster. Lönd þeirra voru gerð upptæk af ensku krúnunni og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-plantekran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-plantekran (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-plantekran</a> byggð enskumælandi mótmælendum. Margir bæir í Ulster rekja uppruna sinn til þessara atburða sem urðu til þess að til varð stórt samfélag mótmælenda í Ulster, með sterk tengsl við Stóra-Bretland. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drska_uppreisnin_1641&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írska uppreisnin 1641 (síða er ekki enn til)">Írska uppreisnin 1641</a> hófst í Ulster. Uppreisnarmenn vildu binda enda á mismunun gegn kaþólskum íbúum. Uppreisnin var hluti af <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%ADr%C3%ADkjastr%C3%AD%C3%B0in" title="Þríríkjastríðin">þríríkjastríðunum</a> (1639-1653), sem lauk með <a href="/w/index.php?title=Innr%C3%A1s_Cromwells_%C3%AD_%C3%8Drland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Innrás Cromwells í Írland (síða er ekki enn til)">innrás Cromwells í Írland</a>. Mótmælendur unnu frekari sigra í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Str%C3%AD%C3%B0_Vilhj%C3%A1lmsmanna_%C3%A1_%C3%8Drlandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stríð Vilhjálmsmanna á Írlandi (síða er ekki enn til)">stríði Vilhjálmsmanna á Írlandi</a> (1688-1691) sem tryggði yfirráð <a href="/wiki/Enska_biskupakirkjan" title="Enska biskupakirkjan">ensku biskupakirkjunnar</a> í <a href="/wiki/Konungsr%C3%ADki%C3%B0_%C3%8Drland" title="Konungsríkið Írland">konungsríkinu Írlandi</a>. Sigrum Vilhjálmsmanna í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ums%C3%A1tri%C3%B0_um_Derry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umsátrið um Derry (síða er ekki enn til)">umsátrinu um Derry</a> 1689 og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orrustan_um_Boyne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orrustan um Boyne (síða er ekki enn til)">orrustunni um Boyne</a> 1690 er enn fagnað af sumum mótmælendum á Norður-Írlandi.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Margir skoskir mótmælendur fluttust til Ulster í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Har%C3%B0inda%C3%A1rin_sj%C3%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harðindaárin sjö (síða er ekki enn til)">skosku hungursneyðinni</a> undir lok 17. aldar. </p><p>Eftir sigur Vilhjálmsmanna, og í andstöðu við <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fri%C3%B0arsamningurinn_%C3%AD_Limerick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friðarsamningurinn í Limerick (síða er ekki enn til)">friðarsamninginn í Limerick</a> 1691, samþykkti yfirstétt mótmælenda í landinu röð nýrra laga gegn kaþólskum íbúum, og í minna mæli gegn meðlimum öldungakirkjunnar. Um 250.000 öldungakirkjumeðlimir fluttu frá Ulster til nýlenda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Breska_Amer%C3%ADka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Breska Ameríka (síða er ekki enn til)">Bresku Ameríku</a> á milli 1717 og 1775.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Talið er að yfir 27 milljón <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skosk-%C3%ADrskir_Bandar%C3%ADkjamenn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skosk-írskir Bandaríkjamenn (síða er ekki enn til)">skosk-írskir Bandaríkjamenn</a> búi í Bandaríkjunum<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> auk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skosk-%C3%ADrskir_Kanadab%C3%BAar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skosk-írskir Kanadabúar (síða er ekki enn til)">skosk-írskra Kanadabúa</a> í Kanada. Vegna þessarar mismununar urðu til róttæk leynifélög í Ulster og spenna jókst milli ólíkra trúarhópa undir lok 18. aldar. Við lok aldarinnar brutust út átök milli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peep_o%27_Day_Boys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peep o' Day Boys (síða er ekki enn til)">Peep o' Day Boys</a> (sem voru mótmælendur) og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Defenders_(%C3%8Drlandi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Defenders (Írlandi) (síða er ekki enn til)">Defenders</a> (sem voru kaþólskir). Þeir atburðir leiddu til stofnunar <a href="/wiki/%C3%93ran%C3%ADureglan" title="Óraníureglan">Óraníureglunnar</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9lag_sameina%C3%B0ra_%C3%8Dra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Félag sameinaðra Íra (síða er ekki enn til)">Félag sameinaðra Íra</a>, sem var bandalag <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drskir_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldissinnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írskir lýðveldissinnar (síða er ekki enn til)">írska lýðveldissinna</a> og öldungakirkjumanna frá Belfast, gerðu <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drska_byltingin_1798&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írska byltingin 1798 (síða er ekki enn til)">byltingu 1798</a> undir áhrifum frá <a href="/wiki/Franska_byltingin" title="Franska byltingin">frönsku byltingunni</a>. Breska ríkisstjórnin brást við með því að reyna að sameina konungsríkin tvö, en það fól í sér að binda enda á lagalega mismunun jafnframt því að stöðva framgang lýðveldissinna. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sameina%C3%B0_konungsr%C3%ADki_St%C3%B3ra-Bretlands_og_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sameinað konungsríki Stóra-Bretlands og Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Sameinað konungsríki Stóra-Bretlands og Írlands</a> var stofnað árið 1801 með stjórn í London. Á 19. öld voru gerðar lagalegar umbætur sem afléttu hömlum á kaþólskum íbúum. Leiguliðar gátu þá keypt jarðir af landeigendum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heimastjórnarkreppan"><span id="Heimastj.C3.B3rnarkreppan"></span>Heimastjórnarkreppan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Breyti hluta: Heimastjórnarkreppan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Heimastjórnarkreppan"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Sir_Edward_Carson_signing_the_Ulster_Covenant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Sir_Edward_Carson_signing_the_Ulster_Covenant.jpg/220px-Sir_Edward_Carson_signing_the_Ulster_Covenant.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Sir_Edward_Carson_signing_the_Ulster_Covenant.jpg/330px-Sir_Edward_Carson_signing_the_Ulster_Covenant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Sir_Edward_Carson_signing_the_Ulster_Covenant.jpg/440px-Sir_Edward_Carson_signing_the_Ulster_Covenant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2032" data-file-height="1166" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-s%C3%A1ttm%C3%A1linn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-sáttmálinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-sáttmálinn</a> undirritaður gegn heimastjórn.</figcaption></figure> <p>Við lok 19. aldar hafði stór og vel skipulagður hópur þjóðernissinnaðra írskra þingmanna í <a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a> fengið <a href="/wiki/Frj%C3%A1lslyndi_flokkurinn_(Bretlandi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frjálslyndi flokkurinn (Bretlandi)">Frjálslynda flokkinn</a> til að styðja <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drska_heimastj%C3%B3rnarhreyfingin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írska heimastjórnarhreyfingin (síða er ekki enn til)">heimastjórn á Írlandi</a>, innan Bretlands. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drskir_sambandssinnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írskir sambandssinnar (síða er ekki enn til)">Írskir sambandssinnar</a>, sem flestir voru mótmælendur, börðust hatrammlega gegn þessum hugmyndum því þeir óttuðust að kaþólikkar og írskir þjóðernissinnar ættu öruggan meirihluta í slíkri heimastjórn. <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_stj%C3%B3rn_%C3%8Drlands_1886&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um stjórn Írlands 1886 (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög um stjórn Írlands 1886</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_stj%C3%B3rn_%C3%8Drlands_1893&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um stjórn Írlands 1893 (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög um stjórn Írlands 1893</a> voru felld á breska þinginu, en heimastjórn varð nær örugg þegar <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_stj%C3%B3rn_%C3%8Drlands_1914&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um stjórn Írlands 1914 (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög um stjórn Írlands 1914</a> voru lögð fram. Ríkisstjórn frjálslyndra reiddi sig á stuðning írskra þjóðernissinna, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bresku_%C3%BEingskaparl%C3%B6gin_1911&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bresku þingskaparlögin 1911 (síða er ekki enn til)">Bresku þingskaparlögin 1911</a> komu í veg fyrir að <a href="/w/index.php?title=Breska_l%C3%A1var%C3%B0adeildin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Breska lávarðadeildin (síða er ekki enn til)">breska lávarðadeildin</a> gæti stöðvað lögin til frambúðar.<sup id="cite_ref-Lydon326_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lydon326-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Viðbrögð sambandssinna voru að sverja þess eið að koma í veg fyrir heimastjórn. Þannig hófst <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heimastj%C3%B3rnarkreppan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heimastjórnarkreppan (síða er ekki enn til)">heimastjórnarkreppan</a>. Í september 1912 komu yfir 500.000 sambandssinnar saman og undirrituðu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-s%C3%A1ttm%C3%A1linn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-sáttmálinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-sáttmálann</a> um að vinna gegn heimastjórn með öllum tiltækum ráðum og standa í vegi hvers kyns írskrar stjórnar.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Árið 1914 smygluðu sambandssinnar miklu magni af rifflum og skotfærum frá <a href="/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%BDskaland" title="Þýskaland">Þýskalandi</a> handa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-sj%C3%A1lfbo%C3%B0ali%C3%B0arnir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-sjálfboðaliðarnir (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-sjálfboðaliðunum</a>, sem voru skæruliðasamtök stofnuð heimastjórninni til höfuðs. Írskir þjóðernissinnar mynduðu sín eigin skæruliðasamtök, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drsku_sj%C3%A1lfbo%C3%B0ali%C3%B0arnir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írsku sjálfboðaliðarnir (síða er ekki enn til)">Írsku sjálfboðaliðana</a>, og smygluðu líka vopnum til Írlands nokkrum mánuðum síðar.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Írland virtist vera á barmi borgarastyrjaldar.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sambandssinnar voru í minnihluta á öllu Írlandi, en höfðu meirihluta í <a href="/wiki/Ulster" title="Ulster">Ulster</a>, sérstaklega sýslunum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antrim-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antrim-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Antrim</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Down-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Down-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Down</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armagh-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armagh-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Armagh</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Londonderry-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Londonderry-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Londonderry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-StephenGwynn_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StephenGwynn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Þeir komust að þeirri niðurstöðu að ef ekki væri hægt að koma í veg fyrir heimastjórn, ætti Ulster að vera undanþegið henni.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Í maí 1914 lagði breska ríkisstjórnin fram aukalög svo Ulster gæti verið undanþegið heimastjórn. Eftir það hófust deilur um hversu stór hluti Ulster ætti að vera undanþeginn og hversu lengi. Sumir sambandssinnar gátu sætt sig við að „missa“ landsvæði héraðsins þar sem kaþólskir voru í miklum meirihluta.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Þegar <a href="/wiki/Fyrri_heimsstyrj%C3%B6ldin" title="Fyrri heimsstyrjöldin">fyrri heimsstyrjöldin</a> braust út varð hlé á þessum deilum. Breska ríkisstjórnin lagði aukalögin til hliðar og ýtti þess í stað í gegn nýjum lögum til að fresta gildistöku heimastjórnarlaganna meðan stríðið varði.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Undanþágan fyrir Ulster var enn óákveðin.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Skiptingin">Skiptingin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Breyti hluta: Skiptingin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Skiptingin"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1744436">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Aðalgrein: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skipting_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skipting Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Skipting Írlands</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_(Ireland)_map_-_winning_party_vote_share_by_constituency.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_%28Ireland%29_map_-_winning_party_vote_share_by_constituency.svg/220px-1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_%28Ireland%29_map_-_winning_party_vote_share_by_constituency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_%28Ireland%29_map_-_winning_party_vote_share_by_constituency.svg/330px-1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_%28Ireland%29_map_-_winning_party_vote_share_by_constituency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_%28Ireland%29_map_-_winning_party_vote_share_by_constituency.svg/440px-1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_%28Ireland%29_map_-_winning_party_vote_share_by_constituency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="802" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Niðurstöður <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eingkosningar_%C3%A1_%C3%8Drlandi_1918&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þingkosningar á Írlandi 1918 (síða er ekki enn til)">þingkosninga á Írlandi 1918</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Undir lok heimsstyrjaldarinnar (þar sem <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1skauppreisnin" title="Páskauppreisnin">Páskauppreisnin</a> hafði farið fram) vildu flestir írskir þjóðernissinnar fullt sjálfstæði fremur en heimastjórn. Í september 1919 kallaði breski forsætisráðherrann, <a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a>, saman nefnd til að undirbúa ný heimastjórnarlög. Nefndin var undir stjórn sambandssinnans <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Long&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Long (síða er ekki enn til)">Walter Long</a> og varð þekkt sem „langa nefndin“. Nefndin ákvað að stofna tvær heimastjórnir, eina fyrir níu sýslur Ulster og aðra fyrir afganginn af Írlandi, ásamt <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drlandsr%C3%A1%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írlandsráð (síða er ekki enn til)">Írlandsráði</a> til að hvetja til einingar Írlands.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flestir sambandssinnar í Ulster vildu að yfirráðasvæði Ulster-stjórnarinnar næði aðeins yfir sex sýslur til að tryggja meirihluta mótmælenda. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antrim-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antrim-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Antrim-sýsla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Down-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Down-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Down-sýsla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armagh-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armagh-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Armagh-sýsla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Londonderry-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Londonderry-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Londonderry-sýsla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrone-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyrone-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Tyrone-sýsla</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermanagh-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermanagh-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Fermanagh-sýsla</a> voru þær einu sem þeir töldu sig hafa tryggan meirihluta í samanlagt.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Landsvæðið sem varð Norður-Írland náði yfir sýslurnar Fermanagh og Tyrone, jafnvel þótt meirihluti íbúa þar hefðu kosið þjóðernissinna í <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eingkosningarnar_%C3%A1_%C3%8Drlandi_1918&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þingkosningarnar á Írlandi 1918 (síða er ekki enn til)">kosningunum 1918</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hlutirnir þróuðust ekki eins og ríkisstjórnin sá fyrir sér. Í þingkosningunum 1918 vann flokkur sjálfstæðissinna, <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a>, yfirgnæfandi meirihluta þingsæta. Þingmenn Sinn Féin hunsuðu breska þingið og mynduðu sitt eigið þing (<i>Dáil Éireann</i>). Þeir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sj%C3%A1lfst%C3%A6%C3%B0isyfirl%C3%BDsing_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjálfstæðisyfirlýsing Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">lýstu yfir stofnun sjálfstæðs lýðveldis</a> sem næði yfir alla eyjuna. Margir <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drskir_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldissinnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írskir lýðveldissinnar (síða er ekki enn til)">írskir lýðveldissinnar</a> kenndu Bretum um flokkadrættina innanlands og töldu að sambandssinnar í Ulster myndu mildast í afstöðu sinni um leið og endir yrði bundinn á bresk yfirráð.<sup id="cite_ref-lynch2019_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lynch2019-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bresk yfirvöld lýstu Dáil-þingið ólöglegt í september 1919<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og í kjölfarið hófst skæruhernaður <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drski_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldisherinn_(1919-1922)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írski lýðveldisherinn (1919-1922) (síða er ekki enn til)">írska lýðveldishersins</a> gegn breska hernum. Þessi átök urðu þekkt sem <a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%A1lfst%C3%A6%C3%B0isstr%C3%AD%C3%B0_%C3%8Drlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjálfstæðisstríð Írlands">sjálfstæðisstríð Írlands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Ulster_Welcomes_Her_King_%26_Queen_(10990906846).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ulster_Welcomes_Her_King_%26_Queen_%2810990906846%29.jpg/220px-Ulster_Welcomes_Her_King_%26_Queen_%2810990906846%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ulster_Welcomes_Her_King_%26_Queen_%2810990906846%29.jpg/330px-Ulster_Welcomes_Her_King_%26_Queen_%2810990906846%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ulster_Welcomes_Her_King_%26_Queen_%2810990906846%29.jpg/440px-Ulster_Welcomes_Her_King_%26_Queen_%2810990906846%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1814" /></a><figcaption>Almenningur í Belfast fagnar opnun þings Norður-Írlands 22. júní 1921.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_stj%C3%B3rn_%C3%8Drlands_1920&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um stjórn Írlands 1920 (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög um stjórn Írlands 1920</a> voru samþykkt af breska þinginu. Þau skiptu Írlandi í tvö heimastjórnarsvæði innan Bretlands: sex sýslur í norðausturhluta landsins (Norður-Írland) með stjórnarsetur í <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>, og hinar 26 sýslur Írlands (Suður-Írland) með stjórnarsetur í <a href="/wiki/Dublin" class="mw-redirect" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>. Einn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Landstj%C3%B3ri_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landstjóri Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">landstjóri Írlands</a> átti að skipa báðar stjórnirnar og <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drlandsr%C3%A1%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írlandsráð (síða er ekki enn til)">Írlandsráð</a>, sem breska stjórnin sá fyrir sér að myndi þróast í eina stjórn og eitt þing yfir öllu Írlandi.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Konungur undirritaði lögin í desember og þau tóku gildi 3. maí 1921.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Day_299_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Day_299-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eingkosningar_%C3%A1_%C3%8Drlandi_1921&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þingkosningar á Írlandi 1921 (síða er ekki enn til)">Þingkosningar</a> voru haldnar 24. maí þar sem sambandssinnar náðu meirihluta þingsæta á þingi Norður-Írlands. Þingið kom fyrst saman 7. júní og kaus sér sína fyrstu ríkisstjórn undir stjórn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sambandsflokkur_Ulster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sambandsflokkur Ulster (síða er ekki enn til)">Sambandsflokks Ulster</a> og formanns hans, <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Craig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Craig (síða er ekki enn til)">James Craig</a>. Þingmenn úr flokkum írskra þjóðernissinna neituðu að taka þátt. Georg 5. konungur ávarpaði þingið þegar það kom saman 22. júní.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Day_299_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Day_299-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Á árunum 1920 til 1922 réðist Írski lýðveldisherinn gegn breskum hersveitum, en var annars minna virkur þar en annars staðar á Írlandi. Mótmælendur réðust gegn kaþólskum íbúum í hefndarskyni fyrir árásir lýðveldishersins og sumarið 1920 voru mörg hús kaþólskra íbúa brennd í <a href="/wiki/Lisburn" title="Lisburn">Lisburn</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Banbridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banbridge (síða er ekki enn til)">Banbridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lynch2019_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lynch2019-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Átökin stóðu með hléum í tvö ár, aðallega í <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> þar sem ofbeldisverk margfölduðust, þar á meðal uppþot, skotbardagar og sprengjuárásir. Heimili, vinnustaðir og kirkjur urðu skotmörk árása og fólk var hrakið frá vinnustöðum og úr blönduðum hverfum.<sup id="cite_ref-lynch2019_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lynch2019-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yfir 500 létu lífið<sup id="cite_ref-lynch2019_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lynch2019-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og yfir 10.000 hröktust af heimilum sínum, flestir kaþólskir.<sup id="cite_ref-lynch2019_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lynch2019-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Breski_herinn" title="Breski herinn">Breski herinn</a> beitti sér í átökunum og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-s%C3%A9rsveitin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-sérsveitin (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-sérsveitin</a> var stofnuð til að aðstoða lögregluna. Sérsveitin var nær alfarið skipuð mótmælendum og meðlimir hennar auk lögreglunnar tóku þátt í hefndaraðgerðum gegn kaþólskum borgurum.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vopnahlé milli breska hersins og lýðveldishersins var samþykkt 11. júlí 1921. Þar með lauk bardögum í stærstum hluta Írlands, en samfélagsátök héldu áfram í Belfast. Árið 1922 hóf lýðveldisherinn skæruhernað á <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drsku_landam%C3%A6rin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írsku landamærin (síða er ekki enn til)">írsku landamærunum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samningur_Bretlands_og_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samningur Bretlands og Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Samningur Bretlands og Írlands</a> var undirritaður af fulltrúum ríkisstjórna Bretlands og <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0" title="Írska lýðveldið">Írska lýðveldisins</a> þann 6. desember 1921. Þar með var <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska_fr%C3%ADr%C3%ADki%C3%B0" title="Írska fríríkið">Írska fríríkið</a> stofnað. Samkvæmt skilmálum samningins varð Norður-Írland hluti af fríríkinu nema stjórn þess kysi að segja sig frá því með ávarpi til konungs, þótt skiptingin væri áfram í gildi í reynd.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Coat_of_Arms_of_Northern_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Coat_of_Arms_of_Northern_Ireland.svg/220px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Northern_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Coat_of_Arms_of_Northern_Ireland.svg/330px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Northern_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Coat_of_Arms_of_Northern_Ireland.svg/440px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Northern_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="698" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skjaldarmerki_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skjaldarmerki Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Skjaldarmerki Norður-Írlands</a> frá 1924 til 1973.</figcaption></figure> <p>Eins og við var búist, ákvað <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eing_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þing Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">þing Norður-Írlands</a> þann 7. desember 1922 (daginn eftir stofnun Írska fríríkisins) að nýta sér rétt sinn til að segja sig undan yfirráðum fríríkisins með ávarpi til <a href="/wiki/Georg_5._Bretlandskonungur" class="mw-redirect" title="Georg 5. Bretlandskonungur">Georgs 5.</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> þar sem óskað var eftir því að yfirráð ríkisstjórnar fríríkisins næðu ekki yfir Norður-Írland.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Skömmu eftir það var <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drska_landam%C3%A6ranefndin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írska landamæranefndin (síða er ekki enn til)">Írska landamæranefndin</a> stofnuð til að ákvarða landamæri milli Írska fríríkisins og Norður-Írlands. Vegna þess að <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska_borgarastyrj%C3%B6ldin" title="Írska borgarastyrjöldin">írska borgarastyrjöldin</a> braust út var vinnu nefndarinnar frestað til 1925. Stjórn Fríríkisins og írskir þjóðernissinnar vonuðust til þess að stórt landsvæði yrði flutt til fríríkisins, af því í mörgum landamærahéruðum voru þjóðernissinnar í meirihluta. Margir töldu að með þessu yrði land Norður-Írlands of lítið til að ríkið stæði undir sér.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lokaskýrsla nefndarinnar mælti hins vegar aðeins með lítilsháttar tilflutningi, og í báðar áttir. Stjórnir Fríríkisins, Norður-Írlands og Bretlands samþykktu þá að hafna skýrslunni og samþykkja orðinn hlut, og breska ríkisstjórnin samþykkti á móti að Fríríkið væri laust undan opinberum skuldum Bretlands.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1925-1965">1925-1965</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Breyti hluta: 1925-1965" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: 1925-1965"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Northern_Ireland_Cabinet_1921.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Northern_Ireland_Cabinet_1921.jpg/220px-Northern_Ireland_Cabinet_1921.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Northern_Ireland_Cabinet_1921.jpg/330px-Northern_Ireland_Cabinet_1921.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Northern_Ireland_Cabinet_1921.jpg/440px-Northern_Ireland_Cabinet_1921.jpg 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="490" /></a><figcaption>James Craig (í miðið) ásamt fyrstu ríkisstjórn Norður-Írlands.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Opening_of_the_new_Northern_Ireland_Parliament_Buildings.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Opening_of_the_new_Northern_Ireland_Parliament_Buildings.jpg/220px-Opening_of_the_new_Northern_Ireland_Parliament_Buildings.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Opening_of_the_new_Northern_Ireland_Parliament_Buildings.jpg/330px-Opening_of_the_new_Northern_Ireland_Parliament_Buildings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Opening_of_the_new_Northern_Ireland_Parliament_Buildings.jpg/440px-Opening_of_the_new_Northern_Ireland_Parliament_Buildings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="945" /></a><figcaption>Opnun írska þinghússins í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stormont&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stormont (síða er ekki enn til)">Stormont</a> árið 1932.</figcaption></figure> <p>Landamæri Norður-Írlands miðuðust við að skapa afgerandi meirihluta mótmælenda. Þegar landið var stofnað voru tveir þriðju íbúa Norður-Írlands mótmælendur, en einn þriðji var kaþólskur.<sup id="cite_ref-McKittrick-McVea_p5_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McKittrick-McVea_p5-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flestir mótmælendur voru sambandssinnar sem vildu að Norður-Írland yrði áfram hluti af Bretlandi, meðan flestir kaþólikkar voru þjóðernissinnar eða lýðveldissinnar sem vildu sjálfstætt og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sameina%C3%B0_%C3%8Drland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sameinað Írland (síða er ekki enn til)">sameinað Írland</a>. Á Norður-Írlandi átti sér stað <a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%B0skilna%C3%B0ur_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aðskilnaður á Norður-Írlandi (síða er ekki enn til)">aðskilnaður</a> milli mótmælenda og kaþólikka á sviðum menntunar, búsetu og atvinnu.<sup id="cite_ref-Making_Sense_17-19_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Making_Sense_17-19-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fyrstu fimmtíu árin hélt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sambandsflokkur_Ulster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sambandsflokkur Ulster (síða er ekki enn til)">Sambandsflokkur Ulster</a> um stjórnartaumana.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hver einasti forsætisráðherra í þessum ríkisstjórnum var meðlimur í <a href="/wiki/%C3%93ran%C3%ADureglan" title="Óraníureglan">Óraníureglunni</a>, líkt og allir nema 11 af 149 þingmönnum flokksins á þeim tíma.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nær allir dómarar landsins voru mótmælendur og margir þeirra tengdust Sambandsflokknum nánum böndum. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-l%C3%B6greglan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-lögreglan (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-lögreglan</a> tók við af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konunglega_%C3%ADrska_l%C3%B6greglan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konunglega írska lögreglan (síða er ekki enn til)">Írsku lögreglunni</a> sem löggæslulið landsins. Nær allir lögreglumennirnir voru sömuleiðis mótmælendur og tóku við skipunum frá ráðherrum ríkisstjórnarinnar. Ulster-lögreglan og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-s%C3%A9rsveitin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-sérsveitin (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-sérsveitin</a> voru vopnuð lögreglulið vegna meintrar ógnar frá lýðveldissinnum. Með <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_s%C3%A9rst%C3%B6k_v%C3%B6ld_yfirvalda_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um sérstök völd yfirvalda á Norður-Írlandi (síða er ekki enn til)">Lögum um sérstök völd yfirvalda á Norður-Írlandi</a> fékk lögreglan víðtækt umboð til handtöku án dómsúrskurða og fangelsun án réttarhalda, og ótakmörkuð völd til að framkvæma húsleitir og banna fundi og útgáfu.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flokkur_%C3%BEj%C3%B3%C3%B0ernissinna_(Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flokkur þjóðernissinna (Norður-Írlandi) (síða er ekki enn til)">Flokkur þjóðernissinna</a> var helsti stjórnarandstöðuflokkurinn. Kjörnir meðlimir hans mótmæltu oft með því að hafna sæti á norðurírska þinginu og margir þjóðernissinnar sniðgengu þingkosningar.<sup id="cite_ref-Making_Sense_17-19_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Making_Sense_17-19-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aðrir hópar sem börðust gegn skiptingunni voru <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Ej%C3%B3%C3%B0fylking_nor%C3%B0ursins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þjóðfylking norðursins (síða er ekki enn til)">Þjóðfylking norðursins</a> (frá 1928), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norr%C3%A6na_sameiningarr%C3%A1%C3%B0i%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norræna sameiningarráðið (síða er ekki enn til)">Norræna sameiningarráðið</a> (frá 1937) og <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drska_bandalagi%C3%B0_%C3%A1_m%C3%B3ti_skiptingunni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írska bandalagið á móti skiptingunni (síða er ekki enn til)">Írska bandalagið á móti skiptingunni</a> (frá 1945).<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ríkisstjórnir og sveitarstjórnir Sambandsflokksins beittu kaþólska íbúa og írska þjóðernissinna markvissri og kerfisbundinni mismunun, sérstaklega með <a href="/wiki/Kj%C3%B6rd%C3%A6mahagr%C3%A6%C3%B0ing" title="Kjördæmahagræðing">kjördæmahagræðingu</a>, úthlutun félagslegs húsnæðis, opinberum ráðningum og löggæslu.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Áratugum síðar viðurkenndi fyrsti ráðherra Sambandsflokksins, <a href="/wiki/David_Trimble" title="David Trimble">David Trimble</a>, að undir stjórn flokksins hefði Norður-Írland verið „kalt hús“ fyrir kaþólikka.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Í <a href="/wiki/S%C3%AD%C3%B0ari_heimsstyrj%C3%B6ld" class="mw-redirect" title="Síðari heimsstyrjöld">síðari heimsstyrjöld</a> gekk liðssöfnun fyrir breska herinn mun verr en í þeirri fyrri. Í júní 1940 gaf <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> taoiseach Írska lýðveldisins <a href="/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera" title="Éamon de Valera">Éamon de Valera</a> von um að breska stjórnin myndi styðja sameiningu Írlands til að fá Íra til að ganga af hlutleysisstefnu sinni, en de Valera trúði honum ekki og hafnaði tilboðinu.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bretar létu stjórn Norður-Írlands ekki vita af tilboðinu sem komst ekki í hámæli fyrr en 1970. Belfast var ein af helstu iðnaðarborgum Bretlands í stríðinu, og framleiddi skip, flugvélar og skotfæri. Langvarandi atvinnuleysi sem hafði ríkt þar frá 4. áratugnum hvarf og þess í stað varð skortur á vinnuafli sem hvatti til fólksflutninga frá fríríkinu. Borgin var illa varin þar sem Bretar töldu hana nógu langt frá Þýskalandi. Slökkviliðið var of lítið og stjórn Norður-Írlands hafði tregðast við að reisa loftvarnarbyrgi. Bygging á slíkum byrgjum hófst eftir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loft%C3%A1r%C3%A1sirnar_%C3%A1_London&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loftárásirnar á London (síða er ekki enn til)">loftárásirnar á London</a> haustið 1940. Í apríl-maí árið eftir hóf <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftwaffe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luftwaffe (síða er ekki enn til)">Luftwaffe</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loft%C3%A1r%C3%A1sirnar_%C3%A1_Belfast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loftárásirnar á Belfast (síða er ekki enn til)">loftárásirnar á Belfast</a> sem urðu þær mannskæðustu utan London. Verkamannahverfi í norður- og austurhluta borgarinnar urðu sérstaklega illa úti og yfir 1000 létu lífið. Tugir þúsunda flúðu borgina af ótta við frekari árásir. Í lokaárásinni tókst þýskum sprengjuflugvélum að vinna mikið tjón á höfninni og skipasmíðastöð <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harland_%26_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harland & Wolff (síða er ekki enn til)">Harland & Wolff</a> var lokað í hálft ár. Helmingurinn af byggingum borgarinnar var eyðilagður og tjónið var metið á um 20 milljónir punda. Stjórn Norður-Írlands var harðlega gagnrýnd fyrir skort á viðbúnaði og forsætisráðherrann, <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._M._Andrews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. M. Andrews (síða er ekki enn til)">J. M. Andrews</a>, sagði af sér. Árið 1944 varð stórt verkfall verkamanna í skotfæraframleiðslu.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drlandsl%C3%B6gin_1949&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írlandslögin 1949 (síða er ekki enn til)">Írlandslögin 1949</a> settu fram fyrstu lagalegu trygginguna fyrir því að landið myndi ekki hætta að vera hluti Bretlands án samþykkis <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eing_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þing Norður-Írland (síða er ekki enn til)">þings Norður-Írlands</a>. Á milli 1956 og 1962 stóð <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drski_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldisherinn_(1922-1969)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írski lýðveldisherinn (1922-1969) (síða er ekki enn til)">Írski lýðveldisherinn</a> fyrir skæruhernaði á landamærasvæðum Norður-Írlands sem nefndist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Landam%C3%A6raherna%C3%B0urinn_(%C3%8Drski_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldisherinn)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landamærahernaðurinn (Írski lýðveldisherinn) (síða er ekki enn til)">Landamærahernaðurinn</a>. Tilgangurinn var að grafa undan stjórn Norður-Írlands til að binda enda á skiptingu landsins.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Árið 1965 hittust forsætisráðherra Norður-Írlands, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terence_O%27Neill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terence O'Neill (síða er ekki enn til)">Terence O'Neill</a> og taoiseach lýðveldisins, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Se%C3%A1n_Lemass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seán Lemass (síða er ekki enn til)">Seán Lemass</a>. Þetta var fyrsti fundur stjórnarleiðtoga landanna frá skiptingu.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Átökin"><span id=".C3.81t.C3.B6kin"></span>Átökin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Breyti hluta: Átökin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Átökin"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1744436"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Aðalgrein: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81t%C3%B6kin_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi" title="Átökin á Norður-Írlandi">Átökin á Norður-Írlandi</a></div> <p>Átökin á Norður-Írlandi hófust seint á 7. áratug 20. aldar. Þá tóku við um 30 ár af ofbeldisverkum þar sem 3.254 voru myrt,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og yfir 50.000 féllu eða særðust.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frá 1969 til 2003 áttu sér stað yfir 36.900 skotárásir og yfir 16.200 sprengjuárásir eða tilraunir til sprengjuárása í tengslum við átökin.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Orsakir átakanna voru deilur um stöðu Norður-Írlands innan Bretlands og mismunun gagnvart minnihluta <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drskir_%C3%BEj%C3%B3%C3%B0ernissinnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írskir þjóðernissinnar (síða er ekki enn til)">írskra þjóðernissinna</a> af hálfu <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drskir_sambandssinnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írskir sambandssinnar (síða er ekki enn til)">sambandssinna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frá 1967 til 1972 leiddu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samt%C3%B6k_um_borgarar%C3%A9ttindi_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samtök um borgararéttindi á Norður-Írlandi (síða er ekki enn til)">Samtök um borgararéttindi á Norður-Írlandi</a> (Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association - NICRA), sem hafði hliðstæðar baráttuhreyfingar í Bandaríkjunum að fyrirmynd, baráttu gegn mismunun gegn kaþólikkum í tengslum við búsetu, atvinnu, löggæslu og kosningarétt. Aðeins menn sem greiddu skatt til sveitarstjórna og eiginkonur þeirra höfðu kosningarétt, sem útilokaði um fjórðung íbúa. Þótt meirihluti þess hóps hafi verið mótmælendur voru kaþólikkar hlutfallslega fleiri en nam hlutfalli þeirra af íbúafjölda þar sem þeir voru fátækari og bjuggu á heimilum með fleiri fullorðnum.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kjördæmum var líka markvisst skipt þannig að meirihluti mótmælenda var alltaf tryggður.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Troubles_deaths_by_perpetrator.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Troubles_deaths_by_perpetrator.png/440px-Troubles_deaths_by_perpetrator.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Troubles_deaths_by_perpetrator.png/660px-Troubles_deaths_by_perpetrator.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Troubles_deaths_by_perpetrator.png/880px-Troubles_deaths_by_perpetrator.png 2x" data-file-width="998" data-file-height="561" /></a><figcaption>Hverjir báru ábyrgð á dauðsföllum vegna átakanna milli 1969 og 2001.</figcaption></figure> <p>Margir sambandssinnar litu á baráttu NICRA sem skálkaskjól fyrir <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Drskir_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldissinnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Írskir lýðveldissinnar (síða er ekki enn til)">írska lýðveldissinna</a> og harkaleg viðbrögð þeirra leiddu til tímabils aukins ofbeldis.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Árið 1969 hófst vopnuð barátta ýmissa skæruliðahópa, þar á meðal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Br%C3%A1%C3%B0abirg%C3%B0a_%C3%ADrski_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldisherinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bráðabirgða írski lýðveldisherinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Bráðabirgða írska lýðveldishersins</a> sem reyndi að binda enda á stjórn Breta yfir Norður-Írlandi og stuðla að stofnun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sameina%C3%B0_%C3%8Drland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sameinað Írland (síða er ekki enn til)">sameinaðs Írlands</a>, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-sj%C3%A1lfbo%C3%B0ali%C3%B0arnir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-sjálfboðaliðarnir (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-sjálfboðaliðanna</a> sem voru stofnaðir 1969 til að bregðast við minnkandi áhrifum sambandssinna. Öryggissveitir ríkisins, <a href="/wiki/Breski_herinn" title="Breski herinn">breska hersins</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-l%C3%B6greglan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-lögreglan (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-lögreglunnar</a>, tóku líka þátt í ofbeldisverkum. Ríkisstjórn Bretlands tók þá afstöðu að sveitir hennar væru hlutlausar í átökunum og reyndu að viðhalda lögum og reglu á Norður-Írlandi og standa vörð um lýðræðislegan sjálfsákvörðunarrétt íbúanna. Lýðveldissinnar litu hins vegar á opinberar öryggissveitir sem andstæðinga í átökunum og bentu í því sambandi á samvinnu þeirra við vopnaðar sveitir sambandssinna. Rannsókn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umbo%C3%B0sma%C3%B0ur_l%C3%B6greglu_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umboðsmaður lögreglu á Norður-Írlandi (síða er ekki enn til)">umboðsmanns lögreglu á Norður-Írlandi</a> hefur staðfest að breski herinn, og sérstaklega lögreglusveitir, hafi átt í samstarfi við sambandssinna, tekið þátt í morðum og reynt að hindra rannsókn á þeim.<sup id="cite_ref-Ballast_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ballast-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hvert umfang samstarfsins var er samt umdeilt. </p><p>Pólitísk áhrif versnandi ástands voru þau að héraðsstjórn Norður-Írlands var lögð af árið 1972. Meðfram ofbeldisverkunum varð pólitískt þrátefli milli helstu stjórnmálaflokka Norður-Írlands, líka þeirra sem fordæmdu ofbeldið, yfir spurningunni um framtíð stöðu landsins og hvaða stjórnarform ætti að taka upp. Árið 1973 var haldin þjóðaratkvæðagreiðsla um spurninguna um áframhaldandi veru innan Bretlands eða sameinað Írland. Næstum 99% kusu með áframhaldandi veru innan Bretlands og um 58% kjósenda tóku þátt, en aðeins 1% kaþólikka kusu af því <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B3s%C3%ADaldem%C3%B3krat%C3%ADski_verkamannaflokkurinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sósíaldemókratíski verkamannaflokkurinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Sósíaldemókratíski verkamannaflokkurinn</a> hvatti fólk til að sniðganga kosningarnar.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Friðarferlið_og_Brexit"><span id="Fri.C3.B0arferli.C3.B0_og_Brexit"></span>Friðarferlið og Brexit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Breyti hluta: Friðarferlið og Brexit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Friðarferlið og Brexit"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Átökunum á Norður-Írlandi lauk með friðarferli sem fólst í því að lýsa yfir vopnahléi af hálfu flestra vopnaðra hópa og að þeir legðu niður öll vopn sín, umbætur ættu sér stað innan lögreglunnar og breskir hermenn hyrfu af götum og landamærasvæðum eins og Suður-Armagh og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermanagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermanagh (síða er ekki enn til)">Fermanagh</a>. Þetta kom fram í samkomulagi sem undirritað var í Belfast og hefur verið nefnt <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6studagss%C3%A1ttm%C3%A1linn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Föstudagssáttmálinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Föstudagssáttmálinn</a> (<i>Good Friday Agreement</i>). Í sáttmálanum var staðfest sú afstaða bresku stjórnarinnar, sem engin írsk ríkisstjórn hafði að fullu viðurkennt, að Norður-Írland yrði hluti af Bretlandi þar til meirihluti kjósenda þar ákveddi annað. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stj%C3%B3rnarskr%C3%A1_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stjórnarskrá Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Stjórnarskrá Írlands</a> var breytt árið 1999 þannig að tilkall „írsku þjóðarinnar“ til yfirráða yfir allri eyjunni var tekið út í grein 2.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Scottish_and_Northern_Ireland_Ministers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Scottish_and_Northern_Ireland_Ministers.jpg/220px-Scottish_and_Northern_Ireland_Ministers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Scottish_and_Northern_Ireland_Ministers.jpg/330px-Scottish_and_Northern_Ireland_Ministers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Scottish_and_Northern_Ireland_Ministers.jpg/440px-Scottish_and_Northern_Ireland_Ministers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3479" data-file-height="2319" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ian_Paisley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ian Paisley (síða er ekki enn til)">Ian Paisley</a> (DUP) fyrsti ráðherra í miðið, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_McGuinness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin McGuinness (síða er ekki enn til)">Martin McGuinness</a> (Sinn Féin) fyrsti ráðherra til vara til vinstri, og <a href="/wiki/Alex_Salmond" title="Alex Salmond">Alex Salmond</a> fyrsti ráðherra Skotlands til hægri, árið 2008.</figcaption></figure> <p>Nýjum greinum 2 og 3 var bætt við <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stj%C3%B3rnarskr%C3%A1_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stjórnarskrá Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">stjórnarskrá Írlands</a> þar sem viðurkenning Norður-Írlands var undirskilin, og að samband þess við Bretland og Lýðveldið Írland myndu aðeins breytast með samþykki meirihluta kjósenda í hverju lögsagnarumdæmi. Þetta var líka grundvallaratriði í Belfast-samkomulaginu sem var undirritað 1998 og staðfest með þjóðaratkvæðagreiðslum á Norður-Írlandi og í lýðveldinu. Á sama tíma viðurkenndi breska ríkisstjórnin í fyrsta skipti, „írsku hliðina“ svokölluðu: þá grundvallarreglu að íbúar eyjunnar Írlands í heild hafi rétt til þess, án utanaðkomandi afskipta, að leysa úr deilum milli norðurs og suðurs með samkomulagi.<sup id="cite_ref-Parliament_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parliament-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Þetta var lykillinn að því að afla samkomulaginu stuðnings þjóðernissinna. Um leið var stofnað til samstjórnar <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eing_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þing Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">þings Norður-Írlands</a>, í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stormont-h%C3%B6ll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stormont-höll (síða er ekki enn til)">Stormont-höll</a>, þar sem bæði flokkar sambandssinna og þjóðernissinna ættu aðild. Breska ríkisstjórnin lagði þessar stofnanir niður árið 2002 eftir ásakanir <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6greglan_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lögreglan á Norður-Írlandi (síða er ekki enn til)">lögreglunnar á Norður-Írlandi</a> um njósnir Írska lýðveldishersins um fólk sem vann fyrir Sinn Féin á þinginu (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Stormontgate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stormontgate (síða er ekki enn til)">Stormontgate</a>). Í kjölfarið var höfðað mál gegn einum félaga í Sinn Féin sem var síðan fellt niður.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Þann 28. júlí 2005 lýsti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Br%C3%A1%C3%B0abirg%C3%B0a_%C3%ADrski_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldisherinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bráðabirgða írski lýðveldisherinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Bráðabirgða írski lýðveldisherinn</a> yfir lokum aðgerða og hefur síðan þá tekið úr umferð það sem talið er vera allt vopnabúr þeirra. Þetta var gert undir eftirliti sérstakrar nefndar um afskráningu vopna og tveggja utanaðkomandi vitna frá kirkjunni. Margir sambandssinnar höfðu samt efasemdir um aðgerðina. Nefndin staðfesti síðar að helstu hópar sambandssinna, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Varnarsamt%C3%B6k_Ulster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Varnarsamtök Ulster (síða er ekki enn til)">Varnarsamtök Ulster</a>, UVF og <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81r%C3%A1sarsveit_rau%C3%B0u_handarinnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Árásarsveit rauðu handarinnar (síða er ekki enn til)">Árásarsveit rauðu handarinnar</a>, hefðu tekið úr umferð það sem þá var talið vera öll vopnabúr þeirra, í viðurvist fyrrum erkibiskupsins <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robin_Eames&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robin Eames (síða er ekki enn til)">Robin Eames</a> og fyrrum háttsetts opinbers starfsmanns.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Þingmenn sem voru <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eingkosningar_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi_2003&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þingkosningar á Norður-Írlandi 2003 (síða er ekki enn til)">kosnir á þing 2003</a> komu saman 15. maí 2006 í samræmi við <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_um_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland_2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög um Norður-Írland 2006 (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög um Norður-Írland 2006</a><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> til að kjósa fyrsta ráðherra og fyrsta ráðherra til vara fyrir Norður-Írland, og kjósa framkvæmdavald (fyrir 25. nóvember 2006) í aðdraganda þess að endurreisa heimastjórnina. </p><p>Eftir <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eingkosningar_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi_2007&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þingkosningar á Norður-Írlandi 2007 (síða er ekki enn til)">þingkosningar á Norður-Írlandi 2007</a>, tók heimastjórn aftur til starfa 8. maí 2007 þar sem leiðtogi <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%BD%C3%B0r%C3%A6%C3%B0issinna%C3%B0i_sambandsflokkurinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lýðræðissinnaði sambandsflokkurinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Lýðræðissinnaða sambandsflokksins</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ian_Paisley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ian Paisley (síða er ekki enn til)">Ian Paisley</a> varð fyrsti ráðherra, og leiðtogi <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_McGuinness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin McGuinness (síða er ekki enn til)">Martin McGuinness</a> fyrsti ráðherra til vara.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Í hvítbók vegna <a href="/wiki/Brexit" class="mw-redirect" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> lýsti ríkisstjórn Bretlands því yfir að hún stæði fast að baki Belfast-samkomulaginu. Hvað varðaði stöðu Norður-Írlands stóð að breska ríkisstjórnin vilji halda í núverandi stöðu Norður-Írlands sem hluta af Bretlandi, en með sterk tengsl við Írland.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Landfræði"><span id="Landfr.C3.A6.C3.B0i"></span>Landfræði</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Breyti hluta: Landfræði" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Landfræði"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Norður-Írland var hulið jökulís á síðustu <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ds%C3%B6ld" title="Ísöld">ísöld</a> eins og sést á mörgum <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6kulalda" title="Jökulalda">jökulöldum</a> í sýslunum Fermanagh, Armagh, Antrim og Down. Í miðju landinu er stærsta stöðuvatn Bretlandseyja, <a href="/wiki/Lough_Neagh" title="Lough Neagh">Lough Neagh</a>, 391 km² að stærð. Í kringum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lough_Erne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lough Erne (síða er ekki enn til)">Lough Erne</a> í Fermanagh er stórt vatnasvæði. Stærsta eyjan við Norður-Írland er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rathlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rathlin (síða er ekki enn til)">Rathlin</a> undan strönd Antrim. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strangford_Lough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strangford Lough (síða er ekki enn til)">Strangford Lough</a> er stór fjörður í Down-sýslu. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sperrin-fj%C3%B6ll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sperrin-fjöll (síða er ekki enn til)">Sperrin-fjöll</a> eru framhald af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaled%C3%B3n%C3%ADufj%C3%B6ll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaledóníufjöll (síða er ekki enn til)">Kaledóníufjöllum</a> til suðvesturs. Þar er að finna <a href="/wiki/Gull" title="Gull">gullnámur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gran%C3%ADt" title="Granít">granítnámur</a> í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mourne-fj%C3%B6ll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mourne-fjöll (síða er ekki enn til)">Mourne-fjöllum</a> og <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basaltnámur</a> á <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antrim-h%C3%A1sl%C3%A9ttan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antrim-hásléttan (síða er ekki enn til)">Antrim-hásléttunni</a> auk minni hæðadraga í suðurhluta Armanagh. Hæsti tindur Norður-Írlands er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slieve_Donard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slieve Donard (síða er ekki enn til)">Slieve Donard</a> í Mourne-fjöllum, 850 metra hár. Sú eldvirkni sem skapaði Antrim-hásléttuna myndaði líka <a href="/wiki/Stu%C3%B0laberg" title="Stuðlaberg">stuðlabergið</a> við <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giant%27s_Causeway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giant's Causeway (síða er ekki enn til)">Giant's Causeway</a> á norðurströnd Antrim. </p><p>Árnar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bann (síða er ekki enn til)">Bann</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Foyle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foyle (síða er ekki enn til)">Foyle</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blackwater_(Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blackwater (Norður-Írlandi) (síða er ekki enn til)">Blackwater</a> renna um stórt frjósamt láglendi. Gott landbúnaðarland er líka að finna í norður- og austurhluta Down-sýslu þótt hæðirnar henti best fyrir húsdýrarækt. </p><p>Í árdal árinnar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lagann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lagann (síða er ekki enn til)">Lagann</a> er borgin <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> þar sem um þriðjungur íbúa Norður-Írlands býr. Árdalurinn og bakkar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belfast_Lough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belfast Lough (síða er ekki enn til)">Belfast Lough</a> eru þéttbýl og iðnvædd svæði. </p><p>Loftslag á Norður-Írlandi er <a href="/wiki/Tempra%C3%B0a_belti%C3%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Tempraða beltið">temprað</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Athafsloftslag" title="Úthafsloftslag">úthafsloftslag</a>. Úrkoma er meiri í vesturhlutanum. Veðrið er óútreiknanlegt allt árið um kring og skil milli árstíða mun minni en á meginlandi Evrópu eða austurströnd Bandaríkjanna. Meðalhiti í Belfast er mestur 6,5°C í janúar og 17,5°C í júlí. Úrkoma og skógeyðing á 16. og 17. öld hafa leitt til þess að stærstur hluti landsins er þakinn grænu grasi. Hæsti hiti sem mælst hefur var 30,8° 30. júní 1976 og lægsti hiti -18,7° 23. desember 2010. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stjórnmál"><span id="Stj.C3.B3rnm.C3.A1l"></span>Stjórnmál</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Breyti hluta: Stjórnmál" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Stjórnmál"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:StormontGeneral.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/StormontGeneral.jpg/220px-StormontGeneral.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/StormontGeneral.jpg/330px-StormontGeneral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/StormontGeneral.jpg/440px-StormontGeneral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stormont&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stormont (síða er ekki enn til)">Stormont</a>, þinghúsið í <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Frá 1998 hefur Norður-Írland haft <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%ADkisstj%C3%B3rn_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ríkisstjórn Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">heimastjórn</a> sem ber ábyrgð gagnvart <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eing_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þing Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">þingi Norður-Írlands</a>. Breska þingið og breska ríkisstjórnin bera ábyrgð á tilteknum málaflokkum. Meðal þeirra eru frátekin stefnumál (til dæmis í flugmálum, mælieiningum og mannerfðafræði) sem breska þingið gæti flutt til norðurírska þingsins í framtíðinni. Undanþegin mál eru mál sem varða <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al%C3%BEj%C3%B3%C3%B0atengsl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alþjóðatengsl (síða er ekki enn til)">alþjóðatengsl</a>, skatta og kosningar sem ekki er gert ráð fyrir að muni nokkurn tíma verða flutt til norðurírska þingsins. Í öllum öðrum málum fer þingið með sína 90 fulltrúa með löggjafarvald fyrir Norður-Írland. Heimastjórn á Norður-Írlandi er háð þátttöku meðlima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-su%C3%B0ur-r%C3%A1%C3%B0herrar%C3%A1%C3%B0i%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norður-suður-ráðherraráðið (síða er ekki enn til)">Norður-suður-ráðherraráðsins</a> sem fer með stefnumótun í málefnum sem varða bæði Norður-Írland og <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0" title="Írska lýðveldið">Írska lýðveldið</a>, eins og landbúnað, menntun og heilsugæslu. Að auki eiga <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%ADkisstj%C3%B3rn_%C3%8Drska_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldisins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ríkisstjórn Írska lýðveldisins (síða er ekki enn til)">ríkisstjórn Írska lýðveldisins</a> og <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADkisstj%C3%B3rn_Bretlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Ríkisstjórn Bretlands">ríkisstjórn Bretlands</a> í samstarfi á <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%ADkjar%C3%A1%C3%B0stefna_Bretlands_og_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ríkjaráðstefna Bretlands og Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">ríkjaráðstefnu Bretlands og Írlands</a>. </p><p>Kosningar til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur%C3%ADrska_%C3%BEingi%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norðurírska þingið (síða er ekki enn til)">norðurírska þingsins</a> fara fram með <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forgangsr%C3%B6%C3%B0unara%C3%B0fer%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forgangsröðunaraðferð (síða er ekki enn til)">forgangsröðunaraðferð</a> þar sem fimm fulltrúar eru kjörnir úr hverju af 18 kjördæmum Norður-Írlands. Auk þeirra eru 18 fulltrúar kosnir á <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulltr%C3%BAadeild_breska_%C3%BEingsins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fulltrúadeild breska þingsins (síða er ekki enn til)">fulltrúadeild breska þingsins</a> úr sömu einmenningskjördæmum. Þeir taka þó ekki allir sæti. Núverandi þingmenn úr flokknum Sinn Féin (sjö talsins) hafa neitað að sverja konungi hollustueið, sem er skilyrði fyrir því að taka sæti á breska þinginu. Auk þessara fulltrúa eru 25 skipaðir fulltrúar í <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A1var%C3%B0adeild_breska_%C3%BEingsins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lávarðadeild breska þingsins (síða er ekki enn til)">lávarðadeild breska þingsins</a> frá Norður-Írlandi. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandsr%C3%A1%C3%B0uneyti%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norður-Írlandsráðuneytið (síða er ekki enn til)">Norður-Írlandsráðuneytið</a> er fulltrúi bresku ríkisstjórnarinnar á Norður-Írlandi hvað varðar fráteknu málin og fer með hagsmuni Norður-Írlands innan bresku ríkisstjórnarinnar. Stjórn Írska lýðveldisins hefur auk þess rétt til að leggja fram álit og tillögur varðandi málefni sem varða Norður-Írland. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Innanr%C3%ADkisr%C3%A1%C3%B0herra_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Innanríkisráðherra Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">Innanríkisráðherra Norður-Írlands</a> er yfir ráðuneytinu. Hann situr í <a href="/wiki/Breska_r%C3%ADkisstj%C3%B3rnin" title="Breska ríkisstjórnin">bresku ríkisstjórninni</a>. </p><p>Norður-Írland er sérstakt <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6gsagnarumd%C3%A6mi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lögsagnarumdæmi (síða er ekki enn til)">lögsagnarumdæmi</a>, aðskilið frá <a href="/w/index.php?title=England_og_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="England og Wales (síða er ekki enn til)">Englandi og Wales</a> annars vegar, og <a href="/wiki/Skotland" title="Skotland">Skotlandi</a> hins vegar. <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6g_%C3%A1_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lög á Norður-Írlandi (síða er ekki enn til)">Lög á Norður-Írlandi</a> þróuðust út frá írskum lögum sem giltu fyrir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skipting_%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skipting Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">skiptingu Írlands</a> árið 1921. Á Norður-Írlandi ríkir <a href="/wiki/Ford%C3%A6misr%C3%A9ttur" title="Fordæmisréttur">fordæmisréttur</a> sem er svipaður og sá sem gildir í Englandi og Wales, en það er mikilvægur munur á réttarfari milli þessara umdæma, sem endurspeglar ólíka sögu landanna. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stjórnsýslueiningar"><span id="Stj.C3.B3rns.C3.BDslueiningar"></span>Stjórnsýslueiningar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Breyti hluta: Stjórnsýslueiningar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Stjórnsýslueiningar"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Northern_Ireland,_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Northern_Ireland%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/350px-Northern_Ireland%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Northern_Ireland%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/525px-Northern_Ireland%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Northern_Ireland%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/700px-Northern_Ireland%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1208" data-file-height="1027" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Norður-Írland skiptist í sex sögulegar sýslur: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antrim-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antrim-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Antrim-sýslu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armagh-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armagh-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Armagh-sýslu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Down-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Down-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Down-sýslu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermanagh-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermanagh-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Fermanagh-sýslu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Londonderry-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Londonderry-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Londonderry-sýslu</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrone-s%C3%BDsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyrone-sýsla (síða er ekki enn til)">Tyrone-sýslu</a>. Sýslurnar eru ekki lengur stjórnsýslueiningar heldur 11 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umd%C3%A6mi_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umdæmi Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">umdæmi Norður-Írlands</a> sem ná yfir mismikið land. Samt er algengt að nota sýsluheitin í daglegu tali og þau eru enn notuð þegar sótt er um <a href="/wiki/Vegabr%C3%A9f" title="Vegabréf">vegabréf</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Umdæmi </th> <th>Umdæmisráð </th> <th>Fundastaður </th> <th>Íbúafjöldi </th> <th>Þéttleiki </th> <th>Stærð km² </th> <th>Nr. á korti </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antrim_and_Newtownabbey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antrim and Newtownabbey (síða er ekki enn til)">Antrim and Newtownabbey</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antrim_and_Newtownabbey_Borough_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newtownabbey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newtownabbey (síða er ekki enn til)">Newtownabbey</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antrim_(Antrim-s%C3%BDslu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antrim (Antrim-sýslu) (síða er ekki enn til)">Antrim</a> (til skiptis) </td> <td>142.492 </td> <td>249 </td> <td>572 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ards_and_North_Down&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ards and North Down (síða er ekki enn til)">Ards and North Down</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ards_and_North_Down_Borough_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ards and North Down Borough Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Ards and North Down Borough Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangor_(Down-s%C3%BDslu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bangor (Down-sýslu) (síða er ekki enn til)">Bangor</a> </td> <td>160.864 </td> <td>349 </td> <td>461 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armagh_City,_Banbridge_and_Craigavon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon (síða er ekki enn til)">Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armagh_City,_Banbridge_and_Craigavon_Borough_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon Borough Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon Borough Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craigavon,_County_Armagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Craigavon, County Armagh (síða er ekki enn til)">Craigavon</a> </td> <td>214.090 </td> <td>160 </td> <td>1.337 </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belfast_City_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belfast City Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Belfast City Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> </td> <td>341.877 </td> <td>2.581 </td> <td>132 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Causeway_Coast_and_Glens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Causeway Coast and Glens (síða er ekki enn til)">Causeway Coast and Glens</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Causeway_Coast_and_Glens_Borough_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Causeway Coast and Glens Borough Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Causeway Coast and Glens Borough Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coleraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coleraine (síða er ekki enn til)">Coleraine</a><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>144.246 </td> <td>73 </td> <td>1.980 </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Derry_and_Strabane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derry and Strabane (síða er ekki enn til)">Derry and Strabane</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Derry_and_Strabane_District_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derry and Strabane District Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Derry City and Strabane District Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a> </td> <td>150.679 </td> <td>122 </td> <td>1.238 </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermanagh_and_Omagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermanagh and Omagh (síða er ekki enn til)">Fermanagh and Omagh</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermanagh_and_Omagh_District_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermanagh and Omagh District Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Fermanagh and Omagh District Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omagh (síða er ekki enn til)">Omagh</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enniskillen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enniskillen (síða er ekki enn til)">Enniskillen</a><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>116.835 </td> <td>41 </td> <td>2.857 </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisburn_and_Castlereagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisburn and Castlereagh (síða er ekki enn til)">Lisburn and Castlereagh</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisburn_and_Castlereagh_City_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisburn and Castlereagh City Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Lisburn and Castlereagh City Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lisburn" title="Lisburn">Lisburn</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>144.381 </td> <td>286 </td> <td>505 </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_and_East_Antrim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid and East Antrim (síða er ekki enn til)">Mid and East Antrim</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_and_East_Antrim_Borough_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid and East Antrim Borough Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Mid and East Antrim Borough Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ballymena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ballymena (síða er ekki enn til)">Ballymena</a><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>138.773 </td> <td>133 </td> <td>1.046 </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_Ulster_(umd%C3%A6mi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid Ulster (umdæmi) (síða er ekki enn til)">Mid Ulster</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_Ulster_District_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid Ulster District Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Mid Ulster District Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dungannon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dungannon (síða er ekki enn til)">Dungannon</a><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>147.392 </td> <td>81 </td> <td>1.827 </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newry,_Mourne_and_Down&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newry, Mourne and Down (síða er ekki enn til)">Newry, Mourne and Down</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newry,_Mourne_and_Down_District_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newry, Mourne and Down District Council (síða er ekki enn til)">Newry, Mourne and Down District Council</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Downpatrick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Downpatrick (síða er ekki enn til)">Downpatrick</a> og <a href="/wiki/Newry" title="Newry">Newry</a> </td> <td>180.012 </td> <td>110 </td> <td>1.633 </td> <td>5 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Efnahagslíf"><span id="Efnahagsl.C3.ADf"></span>Efnahagslíf</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Breyti hluta: Efnahagslíf" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Efnahagslíf"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Belfast_Titanic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Belfast_Titanic.jpg/220px-Belfast_Titanic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Belfast_Titanic.jpg/330px-Belfast_Titanic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Belfast_Titanic.jpg/440px-Belfast_Titanic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4654" data-file-height="3103" /></a><figcaption>Byggingin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titanic_Belfast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titanic Belfast (síða er ekki enn til)">Titanic Belfast</a>, við skipasmíðastöð <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harland_%26_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harland & Wolff (síða er ekki enn til)">Harland & Wolff</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hagkerfi Norður-Írlands er minnst þeirra fjögurra sem mynda hagkerfi Bretlands. Áður fyrr byggðist það aðallega á <a href="/wiki/I%C3%B0na%C3%B0ur" title="Iðnaður">iðnaði</a>, einkum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skipasm%C3%AD%C3%B0ar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skipasmíðar (síða er ekki enn til)">skipasmíðum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reipi" title="Reipi">reipagerð</a> og <a href="/wiki/Vefna%C3%B0ur" title="Vefnaður">vefnaði</a>. Nú til dags starfar meirihluti íbúa við þjónustu, þar af flestir við opinbera þjónustu. </p><p>Sjötíu prósent af tekjum kemur frá þjónustugeiranum. Fyrir utan opinbera geirann, skiptir ferðaþjónusta miklu máli fyrir efnahag landsins og bar ábyrgð á 1% af tekjum árið 2004. Ferðaþjónusta hefur farið vaxandi síðan átökunum á Norður-Írlandi lauk. Sögulegu borgirnar Derry, Belfast og <a href="/wiki/Armagh" title="Armagh">Armagh</a> og margir kastalar hafa aðdráttarafl fyrir ferðafólk. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Lausafj%C3%A1rkreppan_2007%E2%80%932008" title="Lausafjárkreppan 2007–2008">Alþjóðlega fjármálakreppan 2008</a> hafði neikvæð áhrif á efnahagslíf Norður-Írlands. Þingið á í viðræðum við <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fj%C3%A1rm%C3%A1lar%C3%A1%C3%B0uneyti_Bretlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fjármálaráðuneyti Bretlands (síða er ekki enn til)">fjármálaráðuneyti Bretlands</a> um að fá að setja eigin skattastefnu og geta þannig boðið fyrirtækjum sams konar skattaafslætti og Írska lýðveldið. Nýlega hafa stórfyrirtæki tekið að fjárfesta í hátækniiðnaði í landinu vegna skattaafsláttar og framboðs af menntuðu starfsfólki. </p><p>Líkt og annars staðar í Bretlandi höfðu aðgerðir vegna <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B3r%C3%B3naveirufaraldurinn_2019-" class="mw-redirect" title="Kórónaveirufaraldurinn 2019-">kórónaveirufaraldursins</a> neikvæð áhrif á efnahagslífið, sérstaklega á ferðaþjónustugeirann. Hótel og gistihús urðu að loka frá 26. desember 2020 fram í apríl 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Íbúar"><span id=".C3.8Db.C3.BAar"></span>Íbúar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Breyti hluta: Íbúar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Íbúar"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Map_of_predominant_national_identity_in_the_2011_census_in_Northern_Ireland.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Map_of_predominant_national_identity_in_the_2011_census_in_Northern_Ireland.png/220px-Map_of_predominant_national_identity_in_the_2011_census_in_Northern_Ireland.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Map_of_predominant_national_identity_in_the_2011_census_in_Northern_Ireland.png/330px-Map_of_predominant_national_identity_in_the_2011_census_in_Northern_Ireland.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Map_of_predominant_national_identity_in_the_2011_census_in_Northern_Ireland.png/440px-Map_of_predominant_national_identity_in_the_2011_census_in_Northern_Ireland.png 2x" data-file-width="18996" data-file-height="14791" /></a><figcaption>Kort sem sýnir þá landshluta þar sem íbúar telja sig fremur breska (blátt) eða írska (grænt) miðað við árið 2011.</figcaption></figure> <p>Íbúafjöldi Norður-Írlands hefur vaxið jafnt og þétt frá 1978. Í manntali árið 2021 voru íbúar 1,9 milljón og hafði fjölgað um 5% frá síðasta manntali 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-2021_census_main_points_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021_census_main_points-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Þá var íbúafjöldinn 1,8 milljónir og hafði vaxið um 7,5% síðasta áratuginn þar á undan.<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2011_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2011-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Íbúar Norður-Írlands eru 2,8% af heildarfólksfjölda Bretlands (sem er 67 milljónir), en 27% af íbúafjölda Írlands (7,03 milljónir). Íbúaþéttleiki er 135 íbúar á km<sup>2</sup>. </p><p>Í manntalinu árið 2021 höfðu 86,5% íbúa fæðst á Norður-Írlandi, en 4,8% höfðu fæðst annars staðar í Bretlandi og 2,1% höfðu fæðst í Írska lýðveldinu, en 6,5% annars staðar (yfir helmingur í öðru Evrópulandi).<sup id="cite_ref-Country_of_birth_census_2022_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Country_of_birth_census_2022-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sjálfsmynd íbúa er flókin og breytileg og tengist bæði trú sem fólk elst upp við og stað sem fólk elst upp á. Þegar spurt var um þjóðerni í manntalinu árið 2021 reyndust algengustu svörin vera breskt (um 32%), írskt (um 29%) og norðurírskt (um 20%).<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fólki sem taldi sig írskt hafði fjölgað um tæp 4% frá 2011 meðan fólki sem taldi sig breskt hafði fækkað um 10% miðað við heildarfjölda.<sup id="cite_ref-2011_Census_data_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011_Census_data-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Menning">Menning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Breyti hluta: Menning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Menning"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:George_Best_mural.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/George_Best_mural.jpg/220px-George_Best_mural.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/George_Best_mural.jpg/330px-George_Best_mural.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/George_Best_mural.jpg/440px-George_Best_mural.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Veggmálverk til heiðurs <a href="/wiki/George_Best" title="George Best">George Best</a> sem er þekktasti knattspyrnumaður Norður-Írlands.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Mynd:Ulster_Covenant_Commemoration_Parade,_Belfast,_September_2012_(010).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Ulster_Covenant_Commemoration_Parade%2C_Belfast%2C_September_2012_%28010%29.JPG/220px-Ulster_Covenant_Commemoration_Parade%2C_Belfast%2C_September_2012_%28010%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Ulster_Covenant_Commemoration_Parade%2C_Belfast%2C_September_2012_%28010%29.JPG/330px-Ulster_Covenant_Commemoration_Parade%2C_Belfast%2C_September_2012_%28010%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Ulster_Covenant_Commemoration_Parade%2C_Belfast%2C_September_2012_%28010%29.JPG/440px-Ulster_Covenant_Commemoration_Parade%2C_Belfast%2C_September_2012_%28010%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Meðlimir Óraníureglunnar með einkennandi harðkúluhatta í göngu í Belfast 2012.</figcaption></figure> <p>Menning Norður-Írlands byggist á sérstæðri sögu og hefðum svæðisins og héraðsins Ulster frá fornu fari. Þar eru talaðar ensku mállýskurnar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulsterskoska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulsterskoska (síða er ekki enn til)">ulsterskoska</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulsterenska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulsterenska (síða er ekki enn til)">ulsterenska</a>, auk <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska" title="Írska">írsku</a>. Þar er að finna menningarhefðir sem vísa bæði til <a href="/wiki/Gelar" title="Gelar">gelísks</a> uppruna, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-Skotar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-Skotar (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-Skota</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bresk_menning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bresk menning (síða er ekki enn til)">breskrar menningar</a>. Að sumu leyti er menning Norður-Írlands sameiginleg menningu Ulster í heild. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulster-b%C3%A1lkurinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulster-bálkurinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Ulster-bálkurinn</a> er safn írskra sagna um sagnkonunga, guði og vætti í Ulster. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur%C3%ADrsku_sk%C3%A1ldin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norðurírsku skáldin (síða er ekki enn til)">Norðurírsku skáldin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seamus_Heaney" title="Seamus Heaney">Seamus Heaney</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Derek_Mahon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derek Mahon (síða er ekki enn til)">Derek Mahon</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Longley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Longley (síða er ekki enn til)">Michael Longley</a>, vöktu athygli á tímum átakanna á Norður-Írlandi. <a href="/wiki/C._S._Lewis" title="C. S. Lewis">C. S. Lewis</a> er þekktur rithöfundur sem fæddist í Belfast. Frægir leikarar og leikstjórar frá Norður-Írlandi eru meðal annars <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sam_Neill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sam Neill (síða er ekki enn til)">Sam Neill</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Branagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth Branagh (síða er ekki enn til)">Kenneth Branagh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liam_Neeson" title="Liam Neeson">Liam Neeson</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Nesbitt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Nesbitt (síða er ekki enn til)">James Nesbitt</a>. Sjónvarpsþættirnir <i><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%BAnuleikar_(sj%C3%B3nvarps%C3%BE%C3%A6ttir)" class="mw-redirect" title="Krúnuleikar (sjónvarpsþættir)">Krúnuleikar</a></i> voru að mestu leyti teknir upp á Norður-Írlandi. Einn þekktasti tónlistarmaður Norður-Írlands er söngvarinn <a href="/wiki/Van_Morrison" title="Van Morrison">Van Morrison</a>. </p><p>Íbúar og stjórnvöld á Norður-Írlandi hafa notast við ýmsa fána og einkennistákn í gegnum tíðina, og flest þeirra eru mjög umdeild. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrekskrossinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrekskrossinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Patrekskrossinn</a> (rauður kross á hvítum feldi) er algengur fáni íþróttaliða frá Norður-Írlandi. <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A1ni_Ulster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fáni Ulster (síða er ekki enn til)">Fáni Ulster</a> (rauð hönd og rauður kross á gulum feldi) er gamall fáni héraðsins. Á honum byggist <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A1ni_Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fáni Norður-Írlands (síða er ekki enn til)">fáni Norður-Írlands</a> sem var notaður um tíma af stjórn landsins (rauð hönd í sexhyrndri stjörnu á rauðum krossi á hvítum feldi) og er stundum kallaður „sex sýslna fáninn“. Notkun hinna ýmsu fána Norður-Írlands, auk breska og írska fánans, er oft mjög umdeild og lýsir ákveðinni afstöðu til spurningarinnar um stöðu Norður-Írlands. Fánar og ýmis önnur tákn koma oft fyrir á litríkum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur%C3%ADrskar_veggmyndir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norðurírskar veggmyndir (síða er ekki enn til)">norðurírskum veggmyndum</a> sem eru listform sem Norður-Írland er þekkt fyrir. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Skr%C3%BA%C3%B0ganga" title="Skrúðganga">Skrúðgöngur</a> eru annað listform sem einkennir Norður-Írland. Flestar þeirra eru haldnar af bræðrafélögum mótmælenda, eins og göngur <a href="/wiki/%C3%93ran%C3%ADureglan" title="Óraníureglan">Óraníureglunnar</a>. Oft verða átök þegar slíkar göngur fara of nærri hverfum eða bæjum þar sem stór hluti íbúa er kaþólskur. Mótmælendur á Norður-Írlandi halda 12. júlí hátíðlegan til að minnast <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orrustan_um_Boyne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orrustan um Boyne (síða er ekki enn til)">orrustunnar um Boyne</a> 1690 þegar her <a href="/wiki/Vilhj%C3%A1lmur_3._Englandskonungur" title="Vilhjálmur 3. Englandskonungur">Vilhjálms 3.</a> vann sigur á her <a href="/wiki/Jakob_2._Englandskonungur" title="Jakob 2. Englandskonungur">Jakobs 2.</a> og tryggði þar með mótmælendum yfirburðastöðu á Írlandi. Kvöldið fyrir þann 12. er víða kveikt í bálköstum. </p><p><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> er með sérstaka deild á Norður-Írlandi, <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC Northern Ireland (síða er ekki enn til)">BBC Northern Ireland</a>, með tvær sjónvarpsstöðvar. <a href="/wiki/ITV" title="ITV">ITV</a> er þar með sjónvarpsstöðina <a href="/w/index.php?title=UTV_(sj%C3%B3nvarpsst%C3%B6%C3%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTV (sjónvarpsstöð) (síða er ekki enn til)">UTV</a>. Stærstu dagblöðin sem gefin eru út á Norður-Írlandi eru <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belfast_Telegraph&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belfast Telegraph (síða er ekki enn til)">Belfast Telegraph</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Irish_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Irish News (síða er ekki enn til)">The Irish News</a></i> og <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_News_Letter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The News Letter (síða er ekki enn til)">The News Letter</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tilvísanir"><span id="Tilv.C3.ADsanir"></span>Tilvísanir</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Breyti hluta: Tilvísanir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Tilvísanir"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1744314">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1870430">.mw-parser-output .citation a.new{color:black}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .citation a.new{color:white}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .citation a.new{color:white}}.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1873994">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStanbridge" class="citation book cs1">Stanbridge, Karen (2003). <i>Toleration and State Institutions: British Policy Toward Catholics in Eighteenth-century Ireland and Quebec</i>. Lexington Books. bls. 43.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Toleration+and+State+Institutions%3A+British+Policy+Toward+Catholics+in+Eighteenth-century+Ireland+and+Quebec&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.aulast=Stanbridge&rft.aufirst=Karen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFRuane" class="citation book cs1">Ruane, Joseph (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dynamicsofconfli0000ruan"><i>The Dynamics of Conflict in Northern Ireland: Power, Conflict and Emancipation</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. bls. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dynamicsofconfli0000ruan/page/51">51</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dynamics+of+Conflict+in+Northern+Ireland%3A+Power%2C+Conflict+and+Emancipation&rft.pages=51&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.aulast=Ruane&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdynamicsofconfli0000ruan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101122114013/http://www.nidirect.gov.uk/index/government-citizens-and-rights/living-in-northern-ireland/bank-holidays.htm">„Bank holidays“</a>. Afrit af <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nidirect.gov.uk/index/government-citizens-and-rights/living-in-northern-ireland/bank-holidays.htm">upprunalegu</a> geymt þann 22. nóvember 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bank+holidays&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nidirect.gov.uk%2Findex%2Fgovernment-citizens-and-rights%2Fliving-in-northern-ireland%2Fbank-holidays.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-20565591">„Lundy's Day: Thousands attend 'peaceful' Londonderry parade“</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. desember 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180923010159/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-20565591">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 23. september 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 21. júní 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Lundy%27s+Day%3A+Thousands+attend+%27peaceful%27+Londonderry+parade&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-20565591&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFThernstrom1980" class="citation book cs1">Thernstrom, Stephan (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=npQ6Hd3G4kgC&pg=PA896"><i>Harvard encyclopedia of American ethnic groups</i></a>. Harvard University Press. bls. 896. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/978-0-674-37512-3" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/978-0-674-37512-3"><bdi>978-0-674-37512-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413214646/https://books.google.com/books?id=npQ6Hd3G4kgC&pg=PA896">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 13. apríl 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 29. október 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Harvard+encyclopedia+of+American+ethnic+groups&rft.pages=896&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-674-37512-3&rft.aulast=Thernstrom&rft.aufirst=Stephan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnpQ6Hd3G4kgC%26pg%3DPA896&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.powells.com/biblio/1-9780767916899-1">„Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America“</a>. Powells.com. 12. ágúst 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100116001733/http://powells.com/biblio/1-9780767916899-1">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 16. janúar 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 30. apríl 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Born+Fighting%3A+How+the+Scots-Irish+Shaped+America&rft.pub=Powells.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.powells.com%2Fbiblio%2F1-9780767916899-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lydon326-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lydon326_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">James F. Lydon, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yKA9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA326"><i>The Making of Ireland: From Ancient Times to the Present</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210508132513/https://books.google.com/books?id=yKA9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA326">Geymt</a> 8 maí 2021 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Routledge, 1998, p. 326</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._T._Q._Stewart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A. T. Q. Stewart (síða er ekki enn til)">Stewart, A.T.Q.</a>, <i>The Ulster Crisis, Resistance to Home Rule, 1912–14</i>, pp. 58–68, Faber and Faber (1967) <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/0-571-08066-9" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/0-571-08066-9">ISBN 0-571-08066-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Annie Ryan, <i>Witnesses: Inside the Easter Rising</i>, Liberties Press, 2005, p. 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Collins, M. E., <i>Sovereignty and partition, 1912–1949</i>, pp. 32–33, Edco Publishing (2004) <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/1-84536-040-0" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/1-84536-040-0">ISBN 1-84536-040-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StephenGwynn-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-StephenGwynn_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFGwynn2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Gwynn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Gwynn (síða er ekki enn til)">Gwynn, Stephen</a> (2009) [1923]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IWnrSFoQVw0C&q=%22northern+ireland%22+partition+two+counties+nationalist+majority+tyrone+fermanagh&pg=PA525">„The birth of the Irish Free State“</a>. <i>The History of Ireland</i>. Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/978-1-113-15514-6" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/978-1-113-15514-6"><bdi>978-1-113-15514-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413214537/https://books.google.com/books?id=IWnrSFoQVw0C&q=%22northern+ireland%22+partition+two+counties+nationalist+majority+tyrone+fermanagh&pg=PA525">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 13. apríl 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 19. október 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+birth+of+the+Irish+Free+State&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Ireland&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.isbn=978-1-113-15514-6&rft.aulast=Gwynn&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIWnrSFoQVw0C%26q%3D%2522northern%2Bireland%2522%2Bpartition%2Btwo%2Bcounties%2Bnationalist%2Bmajority%2Btyrone%2Bfermanagh%26pg%3DPA525&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Day, Alan. <i>Irish Home Rule, 1867–1921</i>. Manchester University Press, 1998. p. 252</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jackson, Alvin. <i>Home Rule: An Irish History, 1800–2000</i>. pp. 137–138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hennessey, Thomas: <i>Dividing Ireland, World War I and Partition</i>, <i>The passing of the Home Rule Bill</i> p. 76, Routledge Press (1998) <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/0-415-17420-1" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/0-415-17420-1">ISBN 0-415-17420-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jackson, Alvin: p. 164</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jackson, pp. 227–229</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Morland, Paul. <i>Demographic Engineering: Population Strategies in Ethnic Conflict</i>. Routledge, 2016. pp.96–98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/h1918.htm">The Irish Election of 1918</a> (Report). Northern Ireland Elections<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 31. ágúst 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Irish+Election+of+1918&rft.pub=Northern+Ireland+Elections&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ark.ac.uk%2Felections%2Fh1918.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lynch2019-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-lynch2019_17-0">17,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-lynch2019_17-1">17,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-lynch2019_17-2">17,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-lynch2019_17-3">17,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-lynch2019_17-4">17,4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFLynch" class="citation cs2">Lynch, Robert (2019), <i>The Partition of Ireland: 1918–1925</i>, Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/9781107007734" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/9781107007734"><bdi>9781107007734</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Partition+of+Ireland%3A+1918%E2%80%931925&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=9781107007734&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mitchell, Arthur. <i>Revolutionary Government in Ireland</i>. Gill & MacMillan, 1995. p. 245</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFColeman" class="citation book cs1">Coleman, Marie (2013). <i>The Irish Revolution, 1916–1923</i>. Routledge. bls. 67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/978-1317801474" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/978-1317801474"><bdi>978-1317801474</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Irish+Revolution%2C+1916%E2%80%931923&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.isbn=978-1317801474&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=Marie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span>; Gibney, John (editor). <i>The Irish War of Independence and Civil War</i>. Pen and Sword History, 2020. pp.xii–xiii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFPilkington2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colin_Pilkington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colin Pilkington (síða er ekki enn til)">Pilkington, Colin</a> (2002). <i>Devolution in Britain Today</i>. Manchester University Press. bls. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/978-0-7190-6076-2" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/978-0-7190-6076-2"><bdi>978-0-7190-6076-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Devolution+in+Britain+Today&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-6076-2&rft.aulast=Pilkington&rft.aufirst=Colin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-O'Day_299-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-O'Day_299_21-0">21,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-O'Day_299_21-1">21,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Day, Alan. <i>Irish Home Rule, 1867–1921</i>. Manchester University Press, 1998. p. 299</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jackson, Alvin. <i>Home Rule – An Irish History</i>. Oxford University Press, 2004, pp. 368–370</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farrell, Michael. <i>Arming the Protestants: The Formation of the Ulster Special Constabulary and the Royal Ulster Constabulary</i>. Pluto Press, 1983. p.166</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawlor, Pearse. <i>The Outrages: The IRA and the Ulster Special Constabulary in the Border Campaign</i>. Mercier Press, 2011. pp.265–266</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFMartin" class="citation book cs1">Martin, Ged (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=59OPsS6a4j4C&pg=PA68">„The Origins of Partition“</a>. Í Anderson, Malcolm; Bort, Eberhard (ritstjórar). <i>The Irish Border: History, Politics, Culture</i>. Liverpool University Press. bls. 68. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/978-0853239512" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/978-0853239512"><bdi>978-0853239512</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170129062001/https://books.google.com/books?id=59OPsS6a4j4C&pg=PA68">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 29. janúar 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 19. október 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Origins+of+Partition&rft.btitle=The+Irish+Border%3A+History%2C+Politics%2C+Culture&rft.pages=68&rft.pub=Liverpool+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0853239512&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Ged&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D59OPsS6a4j4C%26pg%3DPA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFGibbons" class="citation book cs1">Gibbons, Ivan (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pO6_CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA107"><i>The British Labour Party and the Establishment of the Irish Free State, 1918–1924</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. bls. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/978-1137444080" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/978-1137444080"><bdi>978-1137444080</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170129061632/https://books.google.com/books?id=pO6_CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA107">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 29. janúar 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 19. október 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+British+Labour+Party+and+the+Establishment+of+the+Irish+Free+State%2C+1918%E2%80%931924&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.isbn=978-1137444080&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=Ivan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpO6_CQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143605/http://stormontpapers.ahds.ac.uk/stormontpapers/pageview.html?volumeno=2&pageno=1145#bak-2-1149">„The Stormont Papers – View Volumes“</a>. Afrit af <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stormontpapers.ahds.ac.uk/stormontpapers/pageview.html?volumeno=2&pageno=1145#bak-2-1149">upprunalegu</a> geymt þann 15. apríl 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 28. janúar 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Stormont+Papers+%E2%80%93+View+Volumes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstormontpapers.ahds.ac.uk%2Fstormontpapers%2Fpageview.html%3Fvolumeno%3D2%26pageno%3D1145%23bak-2-1149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.ie/topics/anglo_irish/dfaexhib2.html">„Anglo-Irish Treaty, sections 11, 12“</a>. Nationalarchives.ie. 6. desember 1921. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171108213900/http://www.nationalarchives.ie/topics/anglo_irish/dfaexhib2.html">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 8. nóvember 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 7. ágúst 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anglo-Irish+Treaty%2C+sections+11%2C+12&rft.pub=Nationalarchives.ie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalarchives.ie%2Ftopics%2Fanglo_irish%2Fdfaexhib2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Knirck, Jason. <i>Imagining Ireland's Independence: The Debates Over the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921</i>. Rowman & Littlefield, 2006. p.104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lee, Joseph. <i>Ireland, 1912–1985: Politics and Society</i>. Cambridge University Press, 1989. p.145</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McKittrick-McVea_p5-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-McKittrick-McVea_p5_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">David McKittrick & David McVea. <i>Making Sense of the Troubles</i>. New Amsterdam Books, 2002. p.5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Making_Sense_17-19-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Making_Sense_17-19_32-0">32,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Making_Sense_17-19_32-1">32,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">McKittrick & McVea, pp.17–19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">McKittrick & McVea, p.6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">McKittrick & McVea, p.14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">McKittrick & McVea, p.11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Barberis, John McHugh, Mike Tyldesley (editors). <i>Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations</i>. A&C Black, 2000. pp.236–237</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Whyte, John. "How much discrimination was there under the unionist regime, 1921–68?", in <i>Contemporary Irish Studies</i>. Edited by Tom Gallagher and James O'Connell. Manchester University Press, 1983. pp.29–32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFDavid" class="citation web cs1">David, Trimble. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1998/trimble/lecture/">„Nobel Lecture“</a>. <i>The Nobel Prize</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210815173053/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1998/trimble/lecture/">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 15. ágúst 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 8. ágúst 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Nobel+Prize&rft.atitle=Nobel+Lecture&rft.aulast=David&rft.aufirst=Trimble&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fpeace%2F1998%2Ftrimble%2Flecture%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Anglo-Irish Relations, 1939–41: A Study in Multilateral Diplomacy and Military Restraint" in <i>Twentieth Century British History</i> (Oxford Journals, 2005), <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gegnir.is/F/?func=find-a&find_code=ISSN&request=1477-4674">1477-4674</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Boyd Black, "A Triumph of Voluntarism? Industrial Relations and Strikes in Northern Ireland in World War Two," <i>Labour History Review</i> (2005) 70#1 pp 5–25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">English, Richard. <i>Armed Struggle: The History of the IRA</i>. Pan Macmillan, 2008. pp.72–74</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/lemass-o-neill-talks-focused-on-purely-practical-matters-1.120295">"Lemass-O'Neill talks focused on `purely practical matters'"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210925161655/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/lemass-o-neill-talks-focused-on-purely-practical-matters-1.120295">Geymt</a> 25 september 2021 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i>, 2 January 1998.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Malcolm Sutton's book, "Bear in Mind These Dead: An Index of Deaths from the Conflict in Ireland 1969–1993.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/topics/troubles_violence">„BBC – History – The Troubles – Violence“</a>. <i>www.bbc.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130605010515/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/topics/troubles_violence">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 5. júní 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 24. desember 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=BBC+%E2%80%93+History+%E2%80%93+The+Troubles+%E2%80%93+Violence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Ftopics%2Ftroubles_violence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-auto2_45-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/ni/security.htm">„CAIN: Northern Ireland Society – Security and Defence“</a>. <i>cain.ulster.ac.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190226112129/https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/ni/security.htm">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 26. febrúar 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 25. janúar 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cain.ulster.ac.uk&rft.atitle=CAIN%3A+Northern+Ireland+Society+%E2%80%93+Security+and+Defence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulster.ac.uk%2Fni%2Fsecurity.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/hmso/cameron2.htm#chap16">„The Cameron Report – Disturbances in Northern Ireland (1969)“</a>. <i>cain.ulst.ac.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180601151429/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/hmso/cameron2.htm#chap16">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 1. júní 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 29. október 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cain.ulst.ac.uk&rft.atitle=The+Cameron+Report+%E2%80%93+Disturbances+in+Northern+Ireland+%281969%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fhmso%2Fcameron2.htm%23chap16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gale.cengage.com/pdf/whitepapers/gdc/Sectarianism.pdf">History of sectarianism in NI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140201224942/http://www.gale.cengage.com/pdf/whitepapers/gdc/Sectarianism.pdf">Geymt</a> 1 febrúar 2014 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, gale.cengage.com; accessed 27 May 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timarit.is/view_page_init.jsp?pageId=1428534"><i>Stjórnskipan N-Írlands</i>; grein í Morgunblaðinu 1972</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard English, "The Interplay of Non-violent and Violent Action in Northern Ireland, 1967–72", í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Roberts_(scholar)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam Roberts (scholar) (síða er ekki enn til)">Adam Roberts</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timothy_Garton_Ash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timothy Garton Ash (síða er ekki enn til)">Timothy Garton Ash</a> (ritstj.), <i>Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present</i>, Oxford University Press, 2009; <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/978-0-19-955201-6" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/978-0-19-955201-6">ISBN 978-0-19-955201-6</a>, pp. 75–90. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BxOQKrCe7UUC&q=Civil+resistance+and+power+politics">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320185749/https://books.google.com/books?id=BxOQKrCe7UUC&dq=Civil+resistance+and+power+politics&source=gbs_navlinks_s">Geymt</a> 20 mars 2017 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ballast-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ballast_50-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.policeombudsman.org//Publicationsuploads/BALLAST%20PUBLIC%20STATEMENT%2022-01-07%20FINAL%20VERSION.pdf">The Ballast report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080625041216/http://www.policeombudsman.org//Publicationsuploads/BALLAST%20PUBLIC%20STATEMENT%2022-01-07%20FINAL%20VERSION.pdf">Geymt</a> 25 júní 2008 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>: "...the Police Ombudsman has concluded that this was collusion by certain police officers with identified UVF informants."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/9/newsid_2516000/2516477.stm">„1973: Northern Ireland votes for union“</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 9. mars 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171227020253/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/9/newsid_2516000/2516477.stm">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 27. desember 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 20. maí 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=1973%3A+Northern+Ireland+votes+for+union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fmarch%2F9%2Fnewsid_2516000%2F2516477.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/546146.stm">„BBC News | NORTHERN IRELAND | Republic drops claim to NI“</a>. <i>news.bbc.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030406224757/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/546146.stm">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 6. apríl 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 23. júlí 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=BBC+News+%7C+NORTHERN+IRELAND+%7C+Republic+drops+claim+to+NI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F546146.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Parliament-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Parliament_53-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199394/cmhansrd/1993-12-15/Debate-1.html">Parliamentary debate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101010094440/http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199394/cmhansrd/1993-12-15/Debate-1.html">Geymt</a> 10 október 2010 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>: "The British government agree that it is for the people of the island of Ireland alone, by agreement between the two parts respectively, to exercise their right of self-determination on the basis of consent, freely and concurrently given, North and South, to bring about a united Ireland, if that is their wish."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.anphoblacht.com/contents/14561">„Securocrat sabotage exposed | An Phoblacht“</a>. <i>www.anphoblacht.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130201326/https://www.anphoblacht.com/contents/14561">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 30. janúar 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 25. janúar 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.anphoblacht.com&rft.atitle=Securocrat+sabotage+exposed+%26%23124%3B+An+Phoblacht&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anphoblacht.com%2Fcontents%2F14561&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite id="CITEREFMcKay" class="citation book cs1">McKay, Susan (2. apríl 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v3SFzfha7VYC&q=collapse+stormontgate+donaldson&pg=PA306"><i>Bear in Mind These Dead</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%B3kaheimildir/9780571252183" title="Kerfissíða:Bókaheimildir/9780571252183"><bdi>9780571252183</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413214647/https://books.google.com/books?id=v3SFzfha7VYC&q=collapse+stormontgate+donaldson&pg=PA306">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 13. apríl 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 19. október 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bear+in+Mind+These+Dead&rft.isbn=9780571252183&rft.aulast=McKay&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv3SFzfha7VYC%26q%3Dcollapse%2Bstormontgate%2Bdonaldson%26pg%3DPA306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/8442683.stm">"UDA confirm guns decommissioned"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170912045557/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/8442683.stm">Geymt</a> 12 september 2017 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> BBC news; sótt 29. janúar 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2006/ukpga_20060017_en_1">„Northern Ireland Act 2006 (c. 17)“</a>. Opsi.gov.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091208064049/http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2006/ukpga_20060017_en_1">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 8. desember 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 16. júní 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Northern+Ireland+Act+2006+%28c.+17%29&rft.pub=Opsi.gov.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opsi.gov.uk%2Facts%2Facts2006%2Fukpga_20060017_en_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">(BBC)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">HM Government <i>The United Kingdom's exit from and new partnership with the European Union</i>; Cm 9417, Febrúar 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.causewaycoastandglens.gov.uk/contact-us">„Contact Us“</a>. Causeway Coast & Glens Borough Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 19. mars 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Contact+Us&rft.pub=Causeway+Coast+%26+Glens+Borough+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.causewaycoastandglens.gov.uk%2Fcontact-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fermanaghomagh.public-minutes.com/">Council Meetings</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220709193623/https://fermanaghomagh.public-minutes.com/">Geymt</a> 9 júlí 2022 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Fermanagh and Omagh District Council</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lisburncastlereagh.gov.uk/contact">„Contact“</a>. Lisburn & Castlereagh City Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 19. mars 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Contact&rft.pub=Lisburn+%26+Castlereagh+City+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lisburncastlereagh.gov.uk%2Fcontact&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160404071305/http://www.midandeastantrim.gov.uk/downloads/Schedule_of_Mid_and_East_Antrim_meetings_Jan_-_June_2016.pdf">„Schedule of Meetings“</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mid and East Antrim Borough Council. Afrit af <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.midandeastantrim.gov.uk/downloads/Schedule_of_Mid_and_East_Antrim_meetings_Jan_-_June_2016.pdf">upprunalegu</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> geymt þann 4. apríl 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 23. mars 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schedule+of+Meetings&rft.pub=Mid+and+East+Antrim+Borough+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.midandeastantrim.gov.uk%2Fdownloads%2FSchedule_of_Mid_and_East_Antrim_meetings_Jan_-_June_2016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160319081959/http://www.midulstercouncil.org/Council/Council-Meetings/Council-Meetings/2016">„Council Meetings 2016“</a>. Mid Ulster District Council. Afrit af <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.midulstercouncil.org/Council/Council-Meetings/Council-Meetings/2016">upprunalegu</a> geymt þann 19. mars 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 23. mars 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Council+Meetings+2016&rft.pub=Mid+Ulster+District+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.midulstercouncil.org%2FCouncil%2FCouncil-Meetings%2FCouncil-Meetings%2F2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tourismni.com/covid-19/practical-guidance-for-working-safely-during-covid-19/restrictions-update-guidance/">„Summary of Restrictions for Tourism & Hospitality Businesses“</a>. <i>Tourism NI</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210412213747/https://www.tourismni.com/covid-19/practical-guidance-for-working-safely-during-covid-19/restrictions-update-guidance/">Afrit</a> af uppruna á 12. apríl 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 12. apríl 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tourism+NI&rft.atitle=Summary+of+Restrictions+for+Tourism+%26+Hospitality+Businesses&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tourismni.com%2Fcovid-19%2Fpractical-guidance-for-working-safely-during-covid-19%2Frestrictions-update-guidance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021_census_main_points-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2021_census_main_points_65-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nisra.gov.uk/system/files/statistics/census-2021-main-statistics-for-northern-ireland-phase-1-statistical-bulletin-demography-and-households.pdf">„Main statistics for Northern Ireland“</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>NISRA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 22. september 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NISRA&rft.atitle=Main+statistics+for+Northern+Ireland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nisra.gov.uk%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fstatistics%2Fcensus-2021-main-statistics-for-northern-ireland-phase-1-statistical-bulletin-demography-and-households.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census_2011-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Census_2011_66-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nisra.gov.uk/Census/key_stats_bulletin_2011.pdf">„Census Key Stats bulletin“</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=NISRA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NISRA (síða er ekki enn til)">NISRA</a>. 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170203000751/http://www.nisra.gov.uk/Census/key_stats_bulletin_2011.pdf">Afrit</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> af uppruna á 3. febrúar 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 11. desember 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+Key+Stats+bulletin&rft.pub=NISRA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nisra.gov.uk%2FCensus%2Fkey_stats_bulletin_2011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Country_of_birth_census_2022-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Country_of_birth_census_2022_67-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nisra.gov.uk/system/files/statistics/census-2021-main-statistics-for-northern-ireland-phase-1-statistical-bulletin-country-of-birth.pdf">„Main statistics for Northern Ireland“</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>NISRA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 22. september 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NISRA&rft.atitle=Main+statistics+for+Northern+Ireland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nisra.gov.uk%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fstatistics%2Fcensus-2021-main-statistics-for-northern-ireland-phase-1-statistical-bulletin-country-of-birth.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explore.nisra.gov.uk/area-explorer-2021/N92000002/">Country of Birth & Nationality</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221206031845/https://explore.nisra.gov.uk/area-explorer-2021/N92000002/">Geymt</a> 6 desember 2022 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> - 2021 Census</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2011_Census_data-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2011_Census_data_69-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nisra.gov.uk/sites/nisra.gov.uk/files/publications/2011-census-results-key-statistics-summary-report.pdf">„Northern Ireland Census 2011 Key Statistics Summary Report“</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>NISRA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Sótt 22. september 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NISRA&rft.atitle=Northern+Ireland+Census+2011+Key+Statistics+Summary+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nisra.gov.uk%2Fsites%2Fnisra.gov.uk%2Ffiles%2Fpublications%2F2011-census-results-key-statistics-summary-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3ANor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1744436"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tenglar">Tenglar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Breyti hluta: Tenglar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%8Drland&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Tenglar"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.northernireland.gov.uk/">Ríkisstjórn Norður-Írlands</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://discovernorthernireland.com/">Opinber ferðavefur</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1750840">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-breyta"><a class="external text" href="https://is.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sni%C3%B0:Evr%C3%B3pa&action=edit"><abbr title="Breyta þessu sniði" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lönd í <a href="/wiki/Evr%C3%B3pa" title="Evrópa">Evrópu</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nor%C3%B0ur-Evr%C3%B3pa" title="Norður-Evrópa">Norður-Evrópa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Danm%C3%B6rk" title="Danmörk">Danmörk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eistland" title="Eistland">Eistland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Finnland" title="Finnland">Finnland</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dsland" title="Ísland">Ísland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Noregur" title="Noregur">Noregur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sv%C3%AD%C3%BEj%C3%B3%C3%B0" title="Svíþjóð">Svíþjóð</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Austur-Evr%C3%B3pa" title="Austur-Evrópa">Austur-Evrópa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Armen%C3%ADa" title="Armenía">Armenía</a> <sup>1</sup> · <a href="/wiki/Aserba%C3%ADsjan" title="Aserbaísjan">Aserbaísjan</a> <sup>1</sup> · <a href="/wiki/Georg%C3%ADa" title="Georgía">Georgía</a> <sup>1</sup> · <a href="/wiki/Hv%C3%ADta-R%C3%BAssland" title="Hvíta-Rússland">Hvíta-Rússland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan">Kasakstan</a> (að hluta) · <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BAssland" title="Rússland">Rússland</a> (að hluta) · <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Akra%C3%ADna" title="Úkraína">Úkraína</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mi%C3%B0-Evr%C3%B3pa" title="Mið-Evrópa">Mið-Evrópa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Austurr%C3%ADki" title="Austurríki">Austurríki</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lettland" title="Lettland">Lettland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lit%C3%A1en" title="Litáen">Litáen</a> · <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B3lland" title="Pólland">Pólland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%B3vak%C3%ADa" title="Slóvakía">Slóvakía</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sviss" title="Sviss">Sviss</a> · <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9kkland" title="Tékkland">Tékkland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ungverjaland" title="Ungverjaland">Ungverjaland</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%BDskaland" title="Þýskaland">Þýskaland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vestur-Evr%C3%B3pa" title="Vestur-Evrópa">Vestur-Evrópa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Belg%C3%ADa" title="Belgía">Belgía</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bretland" title="Bretland">Bretland</a> (<a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skotland" title="Skotland">Skotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Norður-Írland</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Frakkland" title="Frakkland">Frakkland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Holland" title="Holland">Holland</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Drska_l%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0" title="Írska lýðveldið">Írland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a> · <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BAxemborg" title="Lúxemborg">Lúxemborg</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%B0austur-Evr%C3%B3pa" title="Suðaustur-Evrópa">Suðaustur-Evrópa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Alban%C3%ADa" title="Albanía">Albanía</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bosn%C3%ADa_og_Herseg%C3%B3v%C3%ADna" title="Bosnía og Hersegóvína">Bosnía og Hersegóvína</a> · <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BAlgar%C3%ADa" title="Búlgaría">Búlgaría</a> · <a href="/wiki/Grikkland" title="Grikkland">Grikkland</a> · <i><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B3sov%C3%B3" title="Kósovó">Kósovó</a></i> · <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%B3at%C3%ADa" title="Króatía">Króatía</a> · <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BDpur" title="Kýpur">Kýpur</a> <sup>1</sup> · <a href="/wiki/Mold%C3%B3va" title="Moldóva">Moldóva</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nor%C3%B0ur-Maked%C3%B3n%C3%ADa" title="Norður-Makedónía">Norður-Makedónía</a> · <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BAmen%C3%ADa" title="Rúmenía">Rúmenía</a> · <a href="/wiki/Serb%C3%ADa" title="Serbía">Serbía</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%B3ven%C3%ADa" title="Slóvenía">Slóvenía</a> · <a href="/wiki/Svartfjallaland" title="Svartfjallaland">Svartfjallaland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tyrkland" title="Tyrkland">Tyrkland</a> (að hluta)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%B0ur-Evr%C3%B3pa" title="Suður-Evrópa">Suður-Evrópa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dtal%C3%ADa" title="Ítalía">Ítalía</a> · <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3nak%C3%B3" title="Mónakó">Mónakó</a> · <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%BAgal" title="Portúgal">Portúgal</a> · <a href="/wiki/San_Mar%C3%ADn%C3%B3" title="San Marínó">San Marínó</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A1nn" title="Spánn">Spánn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vat%C3%ADkani%C3%B0" title="Vatíkanið">Vatíkanið</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Undir yfirráðum annarra ríkja:</b> <a href="/wiki/%C3%81landseyjar" title="Álandseyjar">Álandseyjar</a> · <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A6reyjar" title="Færeyjar">Færeyjar</a> · <a href="/wiki/G%C3%ADbraltar" title="Gíbraltar">Gíbraltar</a> · <a 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