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And the Philistines were gathered into a troop where there was a plot of ground full of lentils, and the people fled from the Philistines.</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/newcom.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LR4HSKRP2H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LR4HSKRP2H'); </script><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="../vmenus/2_samuel/23-11.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmcom/2_samuel/23-11.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="http://biblehub.com">Bible</a> > <a href="http://biblehub.com/commentaries/">Commentaries</a> > 2 Samuel 23:11</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../2_samuel/23-10.htm" title="2 Samuel 23:10">◄</a> 2 Samuel 23:11 <a href="../2_samuel/23-12.htm" title="2 Samuel 23:12">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse">And after him <i>was</i> Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite. And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a piece of ground full of lentiles: and the people fled from the Philistines.</div><div id="jump">Jump to: <a href="/commentaries/barnes/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Barnes' Notes">Barnes</a> • <a href="/commentaries/benson/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Benson Commentary">Benson</a> • <a href="/commentaries/illustrator/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Biblical Illustrator">BI</a> • <a href="/commentaries/cambridge/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Cambridge Bible">Cambridge</a> • <a href="/commentaries/clarke/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Clarke's Commentary">Clarke</a> • <a href="/commentaries/darby/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Darby's Bible Synopsis">Darby</a> • <a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers">Ellicott</a> • <a href="/commentaries/expositors/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Expositor's Bible">Expositor's</a> • <a href="/commentaries/edt/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Expositor's Dictionary">Exp Dct</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gaebelein/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Gaebelein's Annotated Bible">Gaebelein</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gsb/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Geneva Study Bible">GSB</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gill/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Gill's Bible Exposition">Gill</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gray/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Gray's Concise">Gray</a> • <a href="/commentaries/guzik/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Guzik Bible Commentary">Guzik</a> • <a href="/commentaries/haydock/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Haydock Catholic Bible Commentary">Haydock</a> • <a href="/commentaries/hastings/2_samuel/18-33.htm" title="Hastings Great Texts">Hastings</a> • <a href="/commentaries/homiletics/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Pulpit Homiletics">Homiletics</a> • <a href="/commentaries/jfb/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Jamieson-Fausset-Brown">JFB</a> • <a href="/commentaries/kad/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Keil and Delitzsch OT">KD</a> • <a href="/commentaries/king-en/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Kingcomments Bible Studies">King</a> • <a href="/commentaries/lange/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Lange Commentary">Lange</a> • <a href="/commentaries/maclaren/2_samuel/23.htm" title="MacLaren Expositions">MacLaren</a> • <a href="/commentaries/mhc/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Matthew Henry Concise">MHC</a> • <a href="/commentaries/mhcw/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Matthew Henry Full">MHCW</a> • <a href="/commentaries/parker/2_samuel/23.htm" title="The People's Bible by Joseph Parker">Parker</a> • <a href="/commentaries/poole/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Matthew Poole">Poole</a> • <a href="/commentaries/pulpit/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Pulpit Commentary">Pulpit</a> • <a href="/commentaries/sermon/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Sermon Bible">Sermon</a> • <a href="/commentaries/sco/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Scofield Reference Notes">SCO</a> • <a href="/commentaries/ttb/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Through The Bible">TTB</a> • <a href="/commentaries/wes/2_samuel/23.htm" title="Wesley's Notes">WES</a> • <a href="#tsk" title="Treasury of Scripture Knowledge">TSK</a></div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="comtype">EXPOSITORY (ENGLISH BIBLE)</div><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_samuel/23.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(11) <span class= "bld">Into a troop.</span>—Josephus, using different vowels, read “to Lehi,” the scene of Samson’s exploit (<a href="/judges/15-9.htm" title="Then the Philistines went up, and pitched in Judah, and spread themselves in Lehi.">Judges 15:9</a>; <a href="/judges/15-19.htm" title="But God split an hollow place that was in the jaw, and there came water out of there; and when he had drunk, his spirit came again, and he revived: why he called the name thereof Enhakkore, which is in Lehi to this day.">Judges 15:19</a>); but as the same word recurs in <a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm" title="And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.">2Samuel 23:13</a>, clearly in the sense of “troop,” the English reading should be retained.<p><span class= "bld">Lentiles.</span>—Chronicles has “barley.” The two words might easily be confounded in the Hebrew, and it is quite immaterial which is correct; the point is that the Philistines had made a foray to gather the ripe crops, the Israelites were terrified and fled, while Shammah, by his courage and valour, turned the tide of battle, and won a great victory.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/benson/2_samuel/23.htm">Benson Commentary</a></div><span class="bld"><a href="/2_samuel/23-11.htm" title="And after him was Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite. And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a piece of ground full of lentils: and the people fled from the Philistines.">2 Samuel 23:11</a></span>. <span class="ital">After him was Shammah — </span>Who, although not expressly mentioned in the parallel place, <a href="/1_chronicles/11-14.htm" title="And they set themselves in the middle of that parcel, and delivered it, and slew the Philistines; and the LORD saved them by a great deliverance.">1 Chronicles 11:14</a>, yet is plainly implied to have been engaged in this great action. For it is said, that <span class="ital">they set themselves, </span>&c., that is, Shammah and Eleazar, who joined in this enterprise. But this place, in Samuel, teaches us that Shammah had the chief hand in it, and therefore it is ascribed to him. <span class="ital">Ground full of lentils — </span>In <a href="/1_chronicles/11-13.htm" title="He was with David at Pasdammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a parcel of ground full of barley; and the people fled from before the Philistines.">1 Chronicles 11:13</a> it is, <span class="ital">full of barley: </span>in which there is no difficulty, one part of the field having probably been sown with lentils and the other with barley. <span class="ital">The people fled from the Philistines — </span>Fearing to defend the place.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="mhc" id="mhc"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/mhc/2_samuel/23.htm">Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary</a></div>23:8-39 David once earnestly longed for the water at the well of Bethlehem. It seems to be an instance of weakness. He was thirsty; with the water of that well he had often refreshed himself when a youth, and it was without due thought that he desired it. Were his valiant men so forward to expose themselves, upon the least hint of their prince's mind, and so eager to please him, and shall not we long to approve ourselves to our Lord Jesus, by ready compliance with his will, as shown us by his word, Spirit, and providence? But David poured out the water as a drink-offering to the Lord. Thus he would cross his own foolish fancy, and punish himself for indulging it, and show that he had sober thoughts to correct his rash ones, and knew how to deny himself. Did David look upon that water as very precious which was got at the hazard of these men's blood, and shall not we much more value those benefits for purchasing which our blessed Saviour shed his blood? Let all beware of neglecting so great salvation.<a name="bar" id="bar"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/barnes/2_samuel/23.htm">Barnes' Notes on the Bible</a></div>Hararite - Interpreted to mean "mountaineer," one from the hill country of Judah or Ephraim. <a name="jfb" id="jfb"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/jfb/2_samuel/23.htm">Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary</a></div>2Sa 23:8-39. A Catalogue of His Mighty Men.<p>8. These be the names of the mighty men whom David had—This verse should be translated thus: He who sits in the seat of the Tachmonite (that is, of Jashobeam the Hachmonite), who was chief among the captains, the same is Adino the Eznite; he lift up his spear against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time. The text is corrupt in this passage; the number eight hundred should be three hundred [Davidson, Hermeneutics]. Under Joab he was chief or president of the council of war. The first or highest order was composed of him and his two colleagues, Eleazar and Shammah. Eleazar seems to have been left to fight the Philistines alone; and on his achieving the victory, they returned to the spoil. In like manner Shammah was left to stand alone in his glory, when the Lord, by him, wrought a great victory. It is not very easy to determine whether the exploits that are afterwards described were performed by the first or the second three.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/poole/2_samuel/23.htm">Matthew Poole's Commentary</a></div> <span class="bld">Full of lentiles, </span> or <span class="ital">barley</span>, as it is <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-13.htm" title="He was with David at Pasdammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a parcel of ground full of barley; and the people fled from before the Philistines.">1 Chronicles 11:13</a></span>; for both might very well grow in the same field, in divers parts of it. And this fact is ascribed to Eleazar, <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-12.htm" title="And after him was Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite, who was one of the three mighty men.">1 Chronicles 11:12</a></span>, but so as it is implied that he had some partner or partners in it: for it is there said, <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-14.htm" title="And they set themselves in the middle of that parcel, and delivered it, and slew the Philistines; and the LORD saved them by a great deliverance.">1 Chronicles 11:14</a></span>, <span class="ital">They set themselves</span>, &c. So Eleazar might stand and fight in that part where the barley was, and Shammah there where the <span class="ital">lentiles</span> were. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="gil" id="gil"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/gill/2_samuel/23.htm">Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible</a></div>And after him was Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite,.... One who was of the mountainous country, as the Targum, the hill country of Judea, of Hebron, or the parts adjacent; this was the third of the first three; there was one of this name among the thirty, <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_samuel/23-33.htm">2 Samuel 23:33</a>, <p>and the Philistines were gathered together into a troop; but so they were no doubt at first; R. Isaiah takes it to be the name of a place called Chiyah; as the Targum, Chayatha; and which Kimchi says was a village, an unwalled town; and Ben Melech observes, that it is said in the Arabic language, a collection of houses is called Alchai: it may be the same with Lehi, where Samson slew a thousand with the jawbone of an ass, <a href="http://biblehub.com/judges/15-17.htm">Judges 15:17</a>, whence it had its name; and Josephus (u) says, the place where the Philistines were gathered together was called "the Jawbone": but perhaps the sense of Ben Gersom may be best of all, that they gathered together in this place for provision, for food and forage, to support the life of them and their cattle: since it follows: <p>where was a piece of ground full of lentiles; a sort of pulse, which was eaten in those countries, and the pottage of which was delicious food, see <a href="http://biblehub.com/genesis/25-30.htm">Genesis 25:30</a>, <p>and the people fled from the Philistines; as they did before under Eleazar, <a href="/2_samuel/23-9.htm">2 Samuel 23:9</a>. <p>(u) Antiqu. l. 7. c. 12. sect. 4. <a name="gsb" id="gsb"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/gsb/2_samuel/23.htm">Geneva Study Bible</a></div><span class="cverse2">And after him was Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite. And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a piece of ground full of lentils: and the people fled from the Philistines.</span></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="comtype">EXEGETICAL (ORIGINAL LANGUAGES)</div><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/cambridge/2_samuel/23.htm">Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges</a></div><span class="bld">11</span>. <span class="ital">into a troop</span>] Probably the consonants should be read with different vowels <span class="bld">to Lehi</span>, the scene of Samson’s victory over the Philistines (<a href="/judges/15-9.htm" title="Then the Philistines went up, and pitched in Judah, and spread themselves in Lehi.">Jdg 15:9</a>; <a href="/judges/15-14.htm" title="And when he came to Lehi, the Philistines shouted against him: and the Spirit of the LORD came mightily on him, and the cords that were on his arms became as flax that was burnt with fire, and his bands loosed from off his hands.">Jdg 15:14</a>; <a href="/judges/15-19.htm" title="But God split an hollow place that was in the jaw, and there came water out of there; and when he had drunk, his spirit came again, and he revived: why he called the name thereof Enhakkore, which is in Lehi to this day.">Jdg 15:19</a>).<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="ital">lentiles</span>] Chr. reads <span class="ital">barley</span>. The two words might easily be confused in Hebrew. The Philistines came up to carry off the ripe crops. Cp. <a href="/1_samuel/23-1.htm" title="Then they told David, saying, Behold, the Philistines fight against Keilah, and they rob the threshing floors.">1 Samuel 23:1</a>.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="pul" id="pul"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/2_samuel/23.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 11.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Into a troop.</span> Josephus renders it "to Lehi," the scene of Samson's exploit. The word is rare, but occurs again in ver. 13, where, however, we find in Chronicles the ordinary name for a <span class="accented">host</span> substituted for it. The Revisers have retained in the margin, "or, for foraging:" but its occurrence in <a href="/psalms/68-10.htm">Psalm 68:10</a>, where it is tendered "thy congregation," and in the margin of the Revised Version," troop" makes it probable that" troop" is the right rendering here. <span class="cmt_word">Lentiles</span>. In <a href="/1_chronicles/11-13.htm">1 Chronicles 11:13</a>, "barley." The difference is probably caused by a transposition of letters. The Philistines seem to have made this incursion in order to carry off or destroy the crops of the Israelites. 2 Samuel 23:11<a name="kad" id="kad"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/kad/2_samuel/23.htm">Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament</a></div>The third leading hero was Shammah, the son of Age the Hararite (הררי is probably contracted from ההררי, <a href="/2_samuel/23-33.htm">2 Samuel 23:33</a>). He also made himself renowned by a great victory over the Philistines. The enemy had gathered together לחיּה, "as a troop," or in a crowd. This meaning of היּה (here and <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_samuel/23-13.htm">2 Samuel 23:13</a>, and possibly also in <a href="/psalms/68-11.htm">Psalm 68:11</a>) is thoroughly established by the Arabic (see Ges. Thes. p. 470). But it seems to have fallen into disuse afterwards, and in the Chronicles it is explained in <a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">2 Samuel 23:13</a> by מלחמה, and in <a href="/2_samuel/23-15.htm">2 Samuel 23:15</a> by מחנה. "On a portion of a field of lentils there," sc., where the Philistines had gathered together, the people (of Israel) were smitten. Then Shammah stationed himself in the midst of the field, and יצּילה, "wrested it," from the foe, and smote the Philistines. Instead of עדשׁים, lentils, we find in the Chronicles שׁלעורים, barley, a very inconsiderable difference.<div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 Interlinear</a><br /><a href="/texts/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 Parallel Texts</a><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/niv/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="http://bibleapps.com/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 Bible Apps</a><br /><a href="/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 Parallel</a><br /><a href="http://bibliaparalela.com/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="http://holybible.com.cn/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="http://saintebible.com/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 French Bible</a><br /><a href="http://bibeltext.com/2_samuel/23-11.htm">2 Samuel 23:11 German Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/">Bible Hub</a><br /></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td align="center"><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script><br /><br /> </div> <div id="left"><a href="../2_samuel/23-10.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="2 Samuel 23:10"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="2 Samuel 23:10" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="../2_samuel/23-12.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="2 Samuel 23:12"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="2 Samuel 23:12" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div> <div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>