CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html dir="ltr" lang="en-US" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#" class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <script>(function(html){html.className = html.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'js')})(document.documentElement);</script> <title>Pensoft blog</title>  <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/page/2/" /> <meta name="generator" content="All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.6.8.1" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Blog |" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Pensoft blog" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog.pensoft.net/" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Pensoft blog" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="aioseo-schema"> {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home"}]},{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#collectionpage","url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/","name":"Pensoft blog","inLanguage":"en-US","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#breadcrumblist"},"about":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#organization"}},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#organization","name":"Blog","url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/cropped-Pensoft-logo-blog.jpg?fit=240%2C135&ssl=1","@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#organizationLogo","width":240,"height":135},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#organizationLogo"}},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/","name":"Blog","inLanguage":"en-US","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/#organization"},"potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}}]} </script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//v0.wordpress.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//i0.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//jetpack.wordpress.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s0.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//public-api.wordpress.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//0.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//1.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//2.gravatar.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Blog » Feed" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Blog » Comments Feed" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/comments/feed/" />  <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-2CMP338C75" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false"> var em_version = '8.0.1'; var em_track_user = true; var em_no_track_reason = ''; var ExactMetricsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/"}; if ( typeof ExactMetricsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var ExactMetricsLocations = (typeof ExactMetricsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? ExactMetricsPrivacyGuardFilter( ExactMetricsExcludeQuery ) : ExactMetricsPrivacyGuardFilter( ExactMetricsDefaultLocations ); } else { var ExactMetricsLocations = (typeof ExactMetricsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? ExactMetricsExcludeQuery : ExactMetricsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-2CMP338C75', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.ExactMetricsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (em_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = exactmetrics_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof ExactMetricsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { ExactMetricsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dNDMyYj': true, }); if ( ExactMetricsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', ExactMetricsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-2CMP338C75', {"forceSSL":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script>  <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.5.5"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ts-poll-block-css-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/poll-wp/admin/css/block.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentysixteen-jetpack-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/theme-tools/compat/twentysixteen.css?ver=13.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css'> .wp-block-audio figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio figcaption{color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed figcaption{color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-image figcaption{color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-right{border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-center{border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-plain{border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table figcaption{color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video figcaption{color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-template-part.has-background{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--dark-gray: #1a1a1a;--wp--preset--color--medium-gray: #686868;--wp--preset--color--light-gray: #e5e5e5;--wp--preset--color--blue-gray: #4d545c;--wp--preset--color--bright-blue: #007acc;--wp--preset--color--light-blue: #9adffd;--wp--preset--color--dark-brown: #402b30;--wp--preset--color--medium-brown: #774e24;--wp--preset--color--dark-red: #640c1f;--wp--preset--color--bright-red: #ff675f;--wp--preset--color--yellow: #ffef8e;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} .wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} .wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='email-subscribers-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribers/lite/public/css/email-subscribers-public.css?ver=5.7.29' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='TS_POLL_public_css-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/poll-wp/public/css/ts_poll-public.css?ver=2.3.7' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ts_poll_fonts-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/poll-wp/fonts/ts_poll-fonts.css?ver=2.3.7' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-polls-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/polls-css.css?ver=2.77.2' media='all' /> <style id='wp-polls-inline-css'> .wp-polls .pollbar { margin: 1px; font-size: 6px; line-height: 8px; height: 8px; background-image: url('https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/images/default/pollbg.gif'); border: 1px solid #c8c8c8; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentysixteen-fonts-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/fonts/merriweather-plus-montserrat-plus-inconsolata.css?ver=20230328' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='genericons-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/genericons/genericons/genericons.css?ver=3.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentysixteen-style-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/style.css?ver=20240716' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentysixteen-block-style-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/css/blocks.css?ver=20240117' media='all' />    <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-frontend-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/frontend.min.css?ver=3.27.6' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eael-general-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/essential-addons-for-elementor-lite/assets/front-end/css/view/general.min.css?ver=5.9.27' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jetpack_css-css' href='https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/css/jetpack.css?ver=13.7.1' media='all' /> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-dashboard-for-wp/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=8.0.1" id="exactmetrics-frontend-script-js"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" id='exactmetrics-frontend-script-js-extra'>var exactmetrics_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"zip,mp3,mpeg,pdf,docx,pptx,xlsx,rar","inbound_paths":"[{\"path\":\"\\\/go\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"},{\"path\":\"\\\/recommend\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"}]","home_url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-2CMP338C75"};</script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/poll-wp/public/js/vue.js?ver=2.3.7" id="ts_poll_vue_js-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/poll-wp/public/js/ts_poll-public.js?ver=2.3.7" id="TS_POLL-js"></script>  <script id="twentysixteen-script-js-extra"> var screenReaderText = {"expand":"expand child menu","collapse":"collapse child menu"}; </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/js/functions.js?ver=20230629" id="twentysixteen-script-js" defer data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-json/" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.5.5" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://wp.me/7FnD4' />  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-70379625-62"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-70379625-62'); </script><link href="https://trinitymedia.ai/" rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link href="https://vd.trinitymedia.ai/" rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <meta name="generator" content="Elementor 3.27.6; features: e_font_icon_svg, additional_custom_breakpoints, e_element_cache; settings: css_print_method-external, google_font-enabled, font_display-swap"> <style> .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } @media screen and (max-height: 1024px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } @media screen and (max-height: 640px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } </style> <link rel="me" href="https://twitter.com/Pensoft"><meta name="twitter:widgets:link-color" content="#000000"><meta name="twitter:widgets:border-color" content="#000000"><meta name="twitter:partner" content="tfwp"><link rel="icon" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/pensoft.ico" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/pensoft.ico" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/pensoft.ico" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/pensoft.ico" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta name="twitter:title" content="Blog"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@Pensoft"> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css">.home .entry-footer, .home .entry-content, .byline{ display: none !important; } .site-branding { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; margin: 0 0 0 0; } .site-header { padding: 0px 4.5455%; box-shadow: 0px 6px 4px -5px #c5c5c5; margin: 0px 0px 4.5455% 0px; } .wp-custom-logo .site-header-main { justify-content: space-between } .site-info { display:none; }</style></head> <body class="home blog wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive group-blog hfeed elementor-default elementor-kit-14268"> <div id="page" class="site"> <div class="site-inner"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content"> Skip to content </a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header"> <div class="site-header-main"> <div class="site-branding"> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home" aria-current="page"><img width="240" height="135" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/cropped-Pensoft-logo-blog.jpg?fit=240%2C135&ssl=1" class="custom-logo" alt="Blog" decoding="async" /></a> <h1 class="site-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/" rel="home">Blog</a></h1> </div> <button id="menu-toggle" class="menu-toggle">Menu</button> <div id="site-header-menu" class="site-header-menu"> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation" aria-label="Primary Menu"> <div class="menu-pensoft-publishers-container"><ul id="menu-pensoft-publishers" class="primary-menu"><li id="menu-item-6738" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-item current_page_item menu-item-home menu-item-6738"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net" aria-current="page">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6739" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6739"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://pensoft.net">Pensoft Publishers</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <article id="post-14558" class="post-14558 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-acta-ichthyologica-et-piscatoria category-african-invertebrates category-alpine-entomology category-biodiversity-data-journal category-check-list category-deutsche-entomologische-zeitschrift-dez category-evolutionary-systematics category-fossil-record category-herpetozoa category-italian-botanist category-journal-of-hymenoptera-research category-journal-of-orthoptera-research category-mycokeys category-neotropical-biology-and-conservation category-nota-lepidopterologica category-phytokeys category-subterranean-biology category-zitteliana category-zookeys category-zoosystematics-and-evolution tag-biodiversity-data tag-biodiversity-research tag-data-portal tag-gbif tag-scientific-research"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/03/more-than-20-journals-published-by-pensoft-with-their-own-hosted-data-portals-on-gbif-to-streamline-and-fair-ify-biodiversity-research/" rel="bookmark">More than 20 journals published by Pensoft with their own hosted data portals on GBIF to streamline and FAIR-ify biodiversity research</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>The portals currently host data on over 1,000 datasets and almost 325,000 occurrence records across the 25 journals.</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/03/more-than-20-journals-published-by-pensoft-with-their-own-hosted-data-portals-on-gbif-to-streamline-and-fair-ify-biodiversity-research/" aria-hidden="true"> <img fetchpriority="high" width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/hosted-portal-blog-cover.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="More than 20 journals published by Pensoft with their own hosted data portals on GBIF to streamline and FAIR-ify biodiversity research" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/hosted-portal-blog-cover.jpg?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/hosted-portal-blog-cover.jpg?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/hosted-portal-blog-cover.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/hosted-portal-blog-cover.jpg?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/hosted-portal-blog-cover.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/hosted-portal-blog-cover.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/hosted-portal-blog-cover.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F04%2F03%2Fmore-than-20-journals-published-by-pensoft-with-their-own-hosted-data-portals-on-gbif-to-streamline-and-fair-ify-biodiversity-research%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p>In collaboration with the <a href="https://www.gbif.org/"><u>Global Biodiversity Information Facility</u></a> (GBIF), Pensoft has established hosted data portals for 25 open-access peer-reviewed journals published on the <a href="https://arphahub.com/about/platform"><u>ARPHA Platform</u></a>.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/checklist-data-portal-screenshot.png?ssl=1"><img decoding="async" width="840" height="541" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/checklist-data-portal-screenshot-1024x659.png?resize=840%2C541&ssl=1" alt="A screenshot featuring a close-up of a turtle on a forest floor, overlayed with a web portal design for biodiversity data browsing." class="wp-image-14559" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/checklist-data-portal-screenshot.png?resize=1024%2C659&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/checklist-data-portal-screenshot.png?resize=300%2C193&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/checklist-data-portal-screenshot.png?resize=768%2C494&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/checklist-data-portal-screenshot.png?resize=1200%2C773&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/checklist-data-portal-screenshot.png?w=1440&ssl=1 1440w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A screenshot of the Check List data portal.</figcaption></figure> <p>The initiative aims to make it easier to access and use biodiversity data associated with published research, aligning with principles of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) data.</p> <p>The data portals offer seamless integration of published articles and associated data elements with GBIF-mediated records. Now, researchers, educators, and conservation practitioners can discover and use the extensive species occurrence and other data associated with the papers published in each journal.</p> <figure class="wp-block-video"><video controls src="http://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Recording-2025-03-07-142916.mp4"></video><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A video displaying an interactive map with occurrence data on the BDJ portal.</figcaption></figure> <p>The collaboration between Pensoft and GBIF was recently <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/10/the-biodiversity-data-journal-launches-its-own-data-portal-on-gbif/">piloted</a> with the <a href="https://bdj.pensoft.net/"><em>Biodiversity Data Journal</em></a> (BDJ). Today, <a href="https://data.bdj.pensoft.net/"><u>the BDJ hosted portal</u></a> provides seamless access and exploration for nearly 300,000 occurrences of biological organisms from all over the world that have been extracted from the journal’s all-time publications. In addition, the portal provides direct access to more than 800 datasets published alongside papers in BDJ, as well as to almost 1,000 citations of the journal articles associated with those publications.  </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-blog wp-block-embed-blog"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="eOiMLvAnoX"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/10/the-biodiversity-data-journal-launches-its-own-data-portal-on-gbif/">The Biodiversity Data Journal launches its own data portal on GBIF</a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" title="“The Biodiversity Data Journal launches its own data portal on GBIF” — Blog" src="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/10/the-biodiversity-data-journal-launches-its-own-data-portal-on-gbif/embed/#?secret=JZOcUMJSd4#?secret=eOiMLvAnoX" data-secret="eOiMLvAnoX" width="600" height="338" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe> </div></figure> <p>“The release of the BDJ portal and subsequent ones planned for other Pensoft journals should inspire other publishers to follow suit in advancing a more interconnected, open and accessible ecosystem for biodiversity research,” said <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-7452"><u>Dr. Vince Smith</u></a>, Editor-in-Chief of BDJ and head of digital, data and informatics at the <a href="https://www.nhm.ac.uk/"><u>Natural History Museum, London</u></a>.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <div class="twitter-tweet"><blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">Joining the <a href="https://twitter.com/ejtaxonomy?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@ejtaxonomy</a>, the <a href="https://twitter.com/BioDataJournal?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@BioDataJournal</a> is the latest <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ScientificJournal?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ScientificJournal</a> to launch a GBIF hosted portal! 🐟<br><br>This <a href="https://twitter.com/Pensoft?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@Pensoft</a>-published journal is the first of many under the masthead expected to participate in the GBIF programme. ⚡<br><br>Read more: 🔗<a href="https://t.co/IA3IWydRLy">https://t.co/IA3IWydRLy</a> <a href="https://t.co/pbulurX9Kn">pic.twitter.com/pbulurX9Kn</a></p>— GBIF @biodiversity.social/@gbif (@GBIF) <a href="https://twitter.com/GBIF/status/1899014952402255889?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 10, 2025</a></blockquote></div> </div></figure> <p>“The programme will provide a scalable solution for more than thirty of the journals we publish thanks to our partnership with Plazi, and will foster greater connectivity between scientific research and the evidence that supports it,” <a href="https://www.gbif.org/news/6xd5bxWZxS6DriaVoVnFJ/biodiversity-data-journal-launches-gbif-hosted-portal"><u>said</u></a> Prof. Lyubomir Penev, founder and chief executive officer of Pensoft.</p> <p>On the new portals, users can search data, refining their queries based on various criteria such as taxonomic classification, and conservation status. They also have access to statistical information about the hosted data.</p> <p>Together, the hosted portals provide data on almost 325,000 occurrence records, as well as over 1,000 datasets published across the journals.</p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F04%2F03%2Fmore-than-20-journals-published-by-pensoft-with-their-own-hosted-data-portals-on-gbif-to-streamline-and-fair-ify-biodiversity-research%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/03/more-than-20-journals-published-by-pensoft-with-their-own-hosted-data-portals-on-gbif-to-streamline-and-fair-ify-biodiversity-research/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-04-03T19:19:32+03:00">April 3, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-04-03T19:19:35+03:00">April 3, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/acta-ichthyologica-et-piscatoria/" rel="category tag">Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/african-invertebrates/" rel="category tag">African Invertebrates</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/alpine-entomology/" rel="category tag">Alpine Entomology</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/biodiversity-data-journal/" rel="category tag">Biodiversity Data Journal</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/check-list/" rel="category tag">Check List</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/deutsche-entomologische-zeitschrift-dez/" rel="category tag">Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (DEZ)</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/evolutionary-systematics/" rel="category tag">Evolutionary Systematics</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/fossil-record/" rel="category tag">Fossil Record</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/herpetozoa/" rel="category tag">Herpetozoa</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/italian-botanist/" rel="category tag">Italian Botanist</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/journal-of-hymenoptera-research/" rel="category tag">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/journal-of-orthoptera-research/" rel="category tag">Journal of Orthoptera Research</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/mycokeys/" rel="category tag">MycoKeys</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/neotropical-biology-and-conservation/" rel="category tag">Neotropical Biology and Conservation</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/nota-lepidopterologica/" rel="category tag">Nota Lepidopterologica</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/phytokeys/" rel="category tag">Phytokeys</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/subterranean-biology/" rel="category tag">Subterranean Biology</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/zitteliana/" rel="category tag">Zitteliana</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/zookeys/" rel="category tag">Zookeys</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/zoosystematics-and-evolution/" rel="category tag">Zoosystematics and Evolution</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biodiversity-data/" rel="tag">biodiversity data</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biodiversity-research/" rel="tag">biodiversity research</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/data-portal/" rel="tag">Data portal</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/gbif/" rel="tag">GBIF</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/scientific-research/" rel="tag">scientific research</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14536" class="post-14536 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-natural-history-collections-and-museomics tag-collectomics tag-natural-history-collections tag-natural-history-museums"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/03/everything-in-museums-everywhere-all-at-once/" rel="bookmark">Everything (in museums) Everywhere, All at Once</a></h2> </header> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/03/everything-in-museums-everywhere-all-at-once/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog2.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Everything (in museums) Everywhere, All at Once" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog2.jpg?w=1391&ssl=1 1391w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog2.jpg?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog2.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog2.jpg?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog2.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F04%2F03%2Feverything-in-museums-everywhere-all-at-once%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p><strong><em>Guest blog post by Julia Sigwart</em></strong>.</p> <p>Imagine walking into a museum and realising that every specimen—a rare deep-sea snail, a giant fossil bone, a pressed plant, the DNA bank, endless drawers of perfectly pinned insects, even the notebooks and dusty photographs in the archive—is part of a vast, interconnected web of knowledge. Now, imagine if all of these specimens—across every museum in the world—were seamlessly linked, their data unified and accessible to scientists, historians, educators, and conservationists everywhere. This vision is at the heart of <em>collectomics</em>—a groundbreaking new term introduced in a <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/nhcm.2.148855" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="recent paper">recent paper</a> published in <em><a href="https://nhcm.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="recent paper">Natural History Collections and Museomics</a>.</em></p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="533" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770-1024x650.jpg?resize=840%2C533&ssl=1" alt="Examples of natural history objects." class="wp-image-14544" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770.jpg?resize=1024%2C650&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770.jpg?resize=300%2C190&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770.jpg?resize=768%2C488&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770.jpg?resize=1536%2C975&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770.jpg?resize=1200%2C762&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770.jpg?w=1975&ssl=1 1975w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1293770.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Top: for more than 200 years, relevant object information was most often recorded in the form of hand-written labels and inventories. Bottom: Natural history museums directly intersect with social sciences, although the connections often go unrecognised. Top left: Jan-Peter Kasper/Universität Jena, Top right: Sigrid Hof / Senckenberg Research Institute and Museum Frankfurt, Bottom left: image of Dr Fritz Haas (seated) and unnamed companions (men and women), in the act of collecting a new species Unio valentinus, Bottom right: natural history objects also appear in the context of art objects, photo: Emőke Dénes.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>What is Collectomics, and Why Does It Matter?</strong></h3> <p>At its core, the <em>collectomics</em> concept represents a holistic modern view of museum collections. This is not only about digitising collections, or about preserving species; rather this new approach shifts the perspective to treating collections as a single global dataset. Museums represent a dynamic and growing resource that can help answer some of the most pressing challenges in science and conservation. With the integration of digital tools, standardized data practices, and a commitment to open accessibility, collectomics offers a way to transform fragmented collections into a powerful, collective resource that also integrates the cultural and historical aspects of museum collections.</p> <p><em>Collectomics</em> envisions museums as interconnected nodes in a worldwide network, rather than isolated repositories of knowledge, and holds this ambition as the primary goal of collections digitisation. This framework allows researchers to trace the movement of species, monitor environmental changes over time, and predict future ecological shifts with greater accuracy. More importantly, it connects beyond the realm of natural sciences to other disciplines. Natural history specimens are objects that were collected by people—including often-uncredited local knowledge holders.</p> <p>The accessory information about the life and work of those human facets informs our use of museum objects. For example, if we can identify the handwriting on an original collection label, the lifetime of that person can constrain the collecting date even if it was not written down, and this adds to the biological knowledge about the specimen. Conversely, the types of objects and observations recorded by a person inform the understanding of the historical context.</p> <p>For an increasingly diverse range of scientists, museum data contribute to work without actually depending on physically examining the original objects. They can analyse high-resolution images, genetic data, and historical records without leaving their own labs. Collectomics puts the original objects as the centre of gravity, acknowledging that preserved specimens  underpin the scientific replicability of this rapidly growing suite of applications. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="280" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-1024x341.jpg?resize=840%2C280&ssl=1" alt="Natural history museum collection." class="wp-image-14542" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C341&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C256&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C512&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C683&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C400&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog3-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Natural history collections are iconic in biodiversity research and yet much of their potential impact remains untapped. Photograph by Sven Tränkner, Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt, Germany.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Looking Ahead: How Collectomics Can Shape the Future</strong></h3> <p>Beyond envisioned technical advancements, collectomics is fundamentally about people. It is about the researchers who dedicate their lives to studying biodiversity, the curators who meticulously preserve specimens, and the students who might one day make groundbreaking discoveries using these collections.</p> <p>A database is more than just a digital version of a collection—it is structured, searchable, and interconnected, allowing for new patterns and insights to emerge. Physical collections, like a library, must follow a particular <em>a priori </em>organisation. Books on a shelf might be arranged by subject, author, the colour of the dustjacket, or just the order they were unpacked. Zoological and botanical collections are typically arranged taxonomically, while geological collections are organised stratigraphically. And just like running your eyes across a bookshelf, physically browsing a collection often turns up serendipitous inspiration and discovery. Once specimens and their associated data are digitised, different kinds of unexpected relationships and trends can be uncovered. In a collection organised based on systematics, it is almost impossible to answer simple geographical questions like “How many specimens do you have from Malaysia?” because the relevant material is scattered across countless diverse taxonomic groups. The power of digitisation is enabling cross-cutting queries, on geography, time, and the activities of human contributors. This does not replace the need for well organised, well maintained physical collections, but instead unlocks the full potential.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog1.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="551" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog1-1024x672.jpg?resize=840%2C551&ssl=1" alt="Graph showing the great extent to which records are undigitised." class="wp-image-14543" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog1.jpg?resize=1024%2C672&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog1.jpg?resize=300%2C197&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog1.jpg?resize=768%2C504&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog1.jpg?resize=1200%2C788&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog1.jpg?w=1379&ssl=1 1379w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Digital records are only a small fraction of global museum records. The black line represents a linear increase of the number of collection objects in time from the late 1700s. The dashed lines show three model projections for digitisation: in the best-case model prediction, museums might achieve complete digitisation at the earliest around the year 2071, but if there is no acceleration (red line) the global digitisation gap will continue to increase.</figcaption></figure> <p>The importance of collections digitisation has long been recognised. However, this has progressed in a patchwork of small projects, often funded for specific research interests. As collections are continuously growing, the rate of growth may be outpacing even modern digitsation efforts. Collectomics offers an outlook that depends on, and also motivates, a total-collections approach. The power of collectomics emerges only when it is applied to everything, everywhere, in interconnecting museum collections including natural history and beyond.</p> <p>By making collections more accessible, collectomics also contributes to democratising and diversifying science. Historically, access to rare specimens was limited to those with the resources to travel or with institutional connections. But with a collectomics approach, a high school student in a small town can study the same butterfly as a leading entomologist at a major university. A researcher in the Global South can contribute just as meaningfully to biodiversity studies as someone in the Global North. By embracing this new framework, museums are not only preserving history—we are unlocking its full potential.</p> <p><strong>Original source</strong></p> <p>Sigwart JD, Schleuning M, Brandt A, Pfenninger M, Saeedi H, Borsch T, Häffner E, Lücking R, Güntsch A, Trischler H, Töpfer T, Wesche K, Consortium C (2025) Collectomics – towards a new framework to integrate museum collections to address global challenges. Natural History Collections and Museomics 2: 1-20. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/nhcm.2.148855" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.3897/nhcm.2.148855</a></p> <p><strong>Follow<em> Natural History Collections and Museomics</em> on <a href="https://x.com/NHCMjournal" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">X</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/NHCMjournal" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Facebook</a> and <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/nhcm.bsky.social" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bluesky</a>.</strong></p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F04%2F03%2Feverything-in-museums-everywhere-all-at-once%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/03/everything-in-museums-everywhere-all-at-once/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-04-03T10:27:07+03:00">April 3, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-04-03T10:27:08+03:00">April 3, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/natural-history-collections-and-museomics/" rel="category tag">Natural History Collections and Museomics</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/collectomics/" rel="tag">Collectomics</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/natural-history-collections/" rel="tag">natural history collections</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/natural-history-museums/" rel="tag">natural history museums</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14489" class="post-14489 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ima-fungus tag-fungi tag-lichens tag-mars"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/02/lichens-on-mars/" rel="bookmark">Life on Mars? Lichens survive Martian simulation</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>Previously presumed uninhabitable, the Martian surface may be suitable for certain lichen species.</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/02/lichens-on-mars/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Life on Mars? Lichens survive Martian simulation" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Life%20on%20Mars%3F%20Lichens%20survive%20Martian%20simulation&url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F04%2F02%2Flichens-on-mars%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p>A thin atmosphere, freezing temperatures, and a barrage of radiation: the surface of Mars is hardly a prime holiday destination. But can any life survive there?</p> <p>Known for their extreme tolerance to harsh environments such as Earth’s deserts and polar regions, lichens have long been considered a leading candidate for Martian survival. And, for the first time, researchers have demonstrated that certain species can survive Mars-like conditions, including exposure to ionising radiation, while maintaining a metabolically active state.</p> <p>Published in the open-access journal <a href="https://imafungus.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title=""><em>IMA Fungus</em></a>, a <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/imafungus.16.145477" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="new study">new study</a> highlights the potential for lichens to survive and function on the Martian surface, challenging previous assumptions that the planet is uninhabitable.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295811.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="480" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295811-1024x585.jpg?resize=840%2C480&ssl=1" alt="Annotated design showing the set up of the experiment subjecting lichens to Mars-like conditions." class="wp-image-14493" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295811.jpg?resize=1024%2C585&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295811.jpg?resize=300%2C171&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295811.jpg?resize=768%2C439&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295811.jpg?resize=1200%2C685&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295811.jpg?w=1441&ssl=1 1441w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Experiment arrangement of vacuum chamber with the additional facility, including metal grate with lichens, cooling table, temperature, pressure and humidity sensors, X-ray lamp with the controller, CO<sub>2</sub> valve with cylinder, controllers of vacuum chamber, pressure, cooling table, and computer.</figcaption></figure> <p>But what exactly are lichens? It’s a little complicated. In fact, lichens are not a single organism, but rather a symbiotic association between a fungus and algae and/or cyanobacteria. </p> <p>In this study, the fungal partner in lichen symbiosis remained metabolically active when exposed to Mars-like atmospheric conditions in darkness, including X-ray radiation levels expected on Mars over one year of strong solar activity.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295812.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="632" height="484" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295812.jpg?resize=632%2C484&ssl=1" alt="Macro photograph of a lichen species." class="wp-image-14495" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295812.jpg?w=632&ssl=1 632w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/oo_1295812.jpg?resize=300%2C230&ssl=1 300w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em><em>Cetraria</em> <em>aculeata</em></em>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The research focuses on two lichen species (yes, there are lichen species despite them being a symbiosis), <em>Diploschistes muscorum</em> and <em>Cetraria aculeata</em>, selected for their differing traits. The lichens were exposed to Mars-like conditions for five hours in a simulation of the planet’s atmospheric composition, pressure, temperature fluctuations, and X-ray radiation.</p> <p>The findings suggest that lichens, particularly <em>D. muscorum</em>, could potentially survive on Mars despite the high doses of X-ray radiation associated with solar flares and energetic particles reaching the planet’s surface. These results challenge the assumption that ionising radiation is an insurmountable barrier to life on Mars and set the stage for further research on the potential for extraterrestrial microbial and symbiotic survival.</p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"> <p>“Our study is the first to demonstrate that the metabolism of the fungal partner in lichen symbiosis remained active while being in an environment resembling the surface of Mars. We found that Diploschistes muscorum was able to carry out metabolic processes and activate defense mechanisms effectively. </p> <p>“These findings expand our understanding of biological processes under simulated Martian conditions and reveal how hydrated organisms respond to ionizing radiation – one of the most critical challenges for survival and habitability on Mars. Ultimately, this research deepens our knowledge of lichen adaptation and their potential for colonizing extraterrestrial environments.”</p> <cite>Lead author of the paper, Kaja Skubała.</cite></blockquote> <p>Further long-term studies investigating the impact of chronic radiation exposure on lichens have been recommended, as well as experiments assessing their survival in real Martian environments. </p> <p>Researchers from <a href="https://en.uj.edu.pl/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">Jagiellonian University</a> and the<a href="https://cbkpan.pl/en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title=""> Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences</a> conducted the study with support from the <a href="https://www.ncn.gov.pl/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">National Science Centre, Poland</a>, and the “<a href="https://www.gov.pl/web/science/the-excellence-initiative---research-university-programme" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">Excellence Initiative – Research University</a>” at the Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University.</p> <p><strong>Original study</strong></p> <p>Skubała K, Chowaniec K, Kowaliński M, Mrozek T, Bąkała J, Latkowska E, Myśliwa-Kurdziel B (2025) Ionizing radiation resilience: how metabolically active lichens endure exposure to the simulated Mars atmosphere. IMA Fungus 16: e145477. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/imafungus.16.145477" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">https://doi.org/10.3897/imafungus.16.145477</a></p> <p><strong>Follow <em>IMA Fungus </em>on <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/imafungus.pensoft.net" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bluesky</a> and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/IMAFungusJournal" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Facebook</a>.</strong></p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Life%20on%20Mars%3F%20Lichens%20survive%20Martian%20simulation&url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F04%2F02%2Flichens-on-mars%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/02/lichens-on-mars/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-04-02T08:38:44+03:00">April 2, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-04-02T08:43:36+03:00">April 2, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/ima-fungus/" rel="category tag">IMA Fungus</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/fungi/" rel="tag">fungi</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/lichens/" rel="tag">lichens</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/mars/" rel="tag">Mars</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14450" class="post-14450 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-phytokeys tag-botany tag-malaysia tag-new-species tag-thismia"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/01/new-fairy-lantern-flower-discovered-in-malaysia/" rel="bookmark">Exquisite but endangered: new ‘fairy lantern’ flower discovered in Malaysia</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>The tiny new Thismia species is threatened by habitat degradation.</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/01/new-fairy-lantern-flower-discovered-in-malaysia/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Exquisite but endangered: new ‘fairy lantern’ flower discovered in Malaysia" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F04%2F01%2Fnew-fairy-lantern-flower-discovered-in-malaysia%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p>Species belonging to the genus <em>Thismia</em> are some of the strangest and most magical-looking in the plant kingdom, which has earned them the nickname ‘fairy lanterns.’</p> <p>No exception to the rule, a newly discovered <em>Thismia </em>species from eastern Peninsular Malaysia looks like something that belongs in a fantasy world. </p> <p>Take a look below.</p> <figure class="wp-block-video"><video controls src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_video-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-1.mov"></video><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Thismia aliasii</em>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Standing just 11 cm tall, <em>Thismia aliasii</em> is an easy-to-miss and Critically Endangered new species described in the open-access journal <a href="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/"><em>Ph</em></a><em><a href="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">y</a></em><a href="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/"><em>toKeys</em></a>. </p> <p>The genus <em>Thismia </em>consists of plants that are mycoheterotrophic, meaning they do not photosynthesise and instead rely entirely on fungi for their nutrition. The unusual flowers seen on <em>Thismia </em>species facilitate specialised pollination mechanisms involving small insects such as fungus gnats.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-blog wp-block-embed-blog"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="yUAHAa8wIR"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/06/04/new-plant-species-robs-underground-fungi-to-survive/">Sun-shunning thief: new plant species robs underground fungi to survive</a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" title="“Sun-shunning thief: new plant species robs underground fungi to survive” — Blog" src="https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/06/04/new-plant-species-robs-underground-fungi-to-survive/embed/#?secret=YFZngsTLkG#?secret=yUAHAa8wIR" data-secret="yUAHAa8wIR" width="600" height="338" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe> </div></figure> <p><em>Thismia aliasii</em> was first documented by co-author Mohamad Alias Shakri in 2019 during a field expedition in Terengganu’s Chemerong Forest Eco Park, not far from a hiking path.</p> <figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1.jpeg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="631" data-id="14463" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1-1024x769.jpeg?resize=840%2C631&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14463" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1.jpeg?resize=1024%2C769&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1.jpeg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1.jpeg?resize=768%2C577&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1.jpeg?resize=1536%2C1153&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1.jpeg?resize=1200%2C901&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1.jpeg?w=2046&ssl=1 2046w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-1.jpeg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-2.jpeg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="630" data-id="14461" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-2.jpeg?resize=840%2C630&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14461" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-2.jpeg?w=1024&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-2.jpeg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-2.jpeg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="559" data-id="14462" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-1024x681.jpg?resize=840%2C559&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14462" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C681&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C200&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C511&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1022&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1363&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C798&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/CBL_by_M-ALIAS-S-3-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figcaption class="blocks-gallery-caption wp-element-caption">Terengganu’s Chemerong Forest Eco Park, habitat of the new species.</figcaption></figure> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"> <p>“The discovery of <em>Thismia aliasii</em> is very interesting as it was found in a mountainous region known for its natural beauty. The discovery was made on the edge of a popular mountaineering trail, but, remarkably, the species was first recognised by Alias.</p> <p>“It was not easy to obtain specimens for further study as its habitat is on the mountain and COVID time delayed search efforts. Fortunately, targeted field work to find this plant was successful with the support of NAGAO.”</p> <cite>Siti-Munirah Mat Yunoh, co-author of the paper.</cite></blockquote> <figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="745" height="1024" data-id="14457" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-745x1024.jpg?resize=745%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="Woman holding an orange flower." class="wp-image-14457" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?resize=745%2C1024&ssl=1 745w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?resize=218%2C300&ssl=1 218w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1056&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?resize=1117%2C1536&ssl=1 1117w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?resize=1489%2C2048&ssl=1 1489w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C1650&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?w=1862&ssl=1 1862w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Siti-Munirah-MY-wt-T-aliasii-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Siti-Munirah Mat Yunoh with <em>Thismia aliasii</em>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="683" height="1024" data-id="14458" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-683x1024.jpg?resize=683%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="Three men crouching and pointing at a small flower." class="wp-image-14458" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-scaled.jpg?resize=683%2C1024&ssl=1 683w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C300&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1152&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C1536&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-scaled.jpg?resize=1365%2C2048&ssl=1 1365w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C1800&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/from-left-Angan-and-Alias-and-Zubir-scaled.jpg?w=1707&ssl=1 1707w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">From left to right Angan and Alias and Zubir with <em>Thismia aliasii.</em></figcaption></figure> </figure> <p><em>Thismia aliasii</em> is provisionally classified as Critically Endangered (CR) under the <a href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">IUCN Red List</a> criteria, with only five individuals observed across multiple surveys. The primary threats to its survival stem from habitat degradation due to increasing hiking activities in the region.</p> <p>This discovery adds to Terengganu’s reputation as a hotspot for <em>Thismia</em> diversity, being home to 13 species of the genus, including six endemics. </p> <figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="683" height="1024" data-id="14459" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-683x1024.jpg?resize=683%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="Macro image of an orange flower." class="wp-image-14459" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=683%2C1024&ssl=1 683w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C300&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1152&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C1536&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=1365%2C2048&ssl=1 1365w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C1800&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_full_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?w=1707&ssl=1 1707w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="683" height="1024" data-id="14460" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-683x1024.jpg?resize=683%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="Macro image of an orange flower." class="wp-image-14460" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=683%2C1024&ssl=1 683w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C300&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1152&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C1536&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=1365%2C2048&ssl=1 1365w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C1800&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Thismia-aliasii_photo-by-Siti-Munirah-MY-scaled.jpg?w=1706&ssl=1 1706w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figcaption class="blocks-gallery-caption wp-element-caption"><em>Thismia aliasii</em>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Siti-Munirah Mat Yunoh, <a href="https://www.frim.gov.my/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">Forest Research Institute Malaysia</a>, and Mohamad Alias Shakri, <a href="https://trgforestry.terengganu.gov.my/index.php?lang=my" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Terengganu Forestry Department">Terengganu Forestry Department</a> completed the research with funding from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability under the 12th Malaysian Plan and support from the <a href="https://www.nagaofoundation.or.jp/e/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Nagao Research Grant">Nagao Research Grant</a>.</p> <p><strong>Original source</strong></p> <p>Siti-Munirah MY, Mohamad Alias S (2025) <em>Thismia aliasii</em> (Thismiaceae), a new species from Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys 254: 175-188. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.254.136085" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.254.136085</a></p> <p><strong>Follow <em>PhytoKeys</em> on <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/phytokeys.pensoft.net" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Bluesky">Bluesky</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/PhytoKeys/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Facebook</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/PhytoKeys" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">X</a>.</strong></p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F04%2F01%2Fnew-fairy-lantern-flower-discovered-in-malaysia%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/01/new-fairy-lantern-flower-discovered-in-malaysia/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-04-01T08:48:43+03:00">April 1, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-04-01T08:48:44+03:00">April 1, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/phytokeys/" rel="category tag">Phytokeys</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/botany/" rel="tag">botany</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/malaysia/" rel="tag">Malaysia</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/new-species/" rel="tag">new species</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/thismia/" rel="tag">Thismia</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14407" class="post-14407 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-individual-based-ecology tag-adaptation tag-animal-behaviour tag-ecology tag-freshwater-fish tag-trout"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/31/guest-blog-post-global-change-individual-behaviour-and-trout-population-persistence/" rel="bookmark">Guest blog post: Global change, individual behaviour, and trout population persistence</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>New experiments reinforce that behavioural plasticity can be key for coping with environmental changes</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/31/guest-blog-post-global-change-individual-behaviour-and-trout-population-persistence/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Guest blog post: Global change, individual behaviour, and trout population persistence" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?w=2560&ssl=1 2560w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-3-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F31%2Fguest-blog-post-global-change-individual-behaviour-and-trout-population-persistence%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><em>Guest blog post by Daniel Ayllón and Steve Railsback</em></strong></h3> <p>Early in the morning, Daniel Ayllón and his research mates at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid drive towards the mountains near Madrid. They’re out to survey streams where the endangered Southern Iberian spined-loach and Northern Iberian spined-loach used to coexist. We say “used to,” because once again they fail to find the Northern Iberian spined-loach, probably locally extinct. Such extinctions are not unusual, as <strong>freshwater fishes are one of the most threatened groups of animals in the world</strong>. There are still many brown trout there, though; the water is still cold enough for them.</p> <p>Salmonids (trout, salmon and char) are especially challenged by climate change because they need cold, oxygenated and clean water. <strong>Trout populations at low altitudes or low latitudes are thus particularly at risk</strong>; many in the Iberian Peninsula have been declining for decades as rivers warm and dry. Climate models project a bleak future: such Mediterranean populations will face hotter and drier streams, with more frequent and longer droughts and heat waves, and increasing competition from warm-water fish.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="630" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-1024x768.jpg?resize=840%2C630&ssl=1" alt="A photo of a brown trout swimming over a bed of smooth pebbles in clear water." class="wp-image-14408" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-1-Brown-trout-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Brown trout (<em>Salmo trutta</em>). Photo by J. R. Pérez (AEMS-Ríos con Vida archive)</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite these changes, local extinctions of trout are still rare, because <strong>salmonids are among the most adaptable and resilient of freshwater fishes</strong>. They are changing their physiology and phenology, growth and reproduction patterns, and life-history strategies to adjust to the new environmental conditions, via evolutionary, plastic and behavioural mechanisms. While evolutionary ecologists typically focus on genetic adaptation to forces such as climate change, <strong>behavioural plasticity could be even more important</strong>, because it is fast, reversible and often predictable.</p> <p>In fact, thermoregulatory movements seem a ubiquitous behavioural mechanism in salmonids: individuals move up and down river networks to find less-stressful temperatures and better growth potential. Behavioural plasticity in circadian activity and habitat selection (deciding when and where to feed) also help trout resist short-term environmental changes. However, we don’t know how important changes in circadian activity─or behaviours in general─are to long-term population persistence in the face of climate change. So to shed light on this question, in a recent work published in <a href="https://ibe.pensoft.net/"><em>Individual-based Ecology</em></a>, <strong>we</strong> <strong>ran two virtual experiments using the </strong><a href="https://www.humboldt.edu/ecological-modeling/instream-and-insalmo/instream-7-and-insalmo-7"><strong><em>inSTREAM</em></strong></a><strong> individual-based model</strong> to represent a trout population in northern Spain.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="630" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal-1024x768.jpg?resize=840%2C630&ssl=1" alt="A photo of a river flowing between rocky banks, surrounded by greenery and towering mountains under a clear sky." class="wp-image-14409" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-2-River-Eska-Roncal.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The Roncal study site on the River Eska (northern Spain). Photo by Benigno Elvira</figcaption></figure> <p>Steve Railsback and his colleagues at Cal Poly Humboldt University and the US Forest Service’s Pacific Southwest Research Station in Arcata, California, have been developing, testing, and applying <em>inSTREAM</em> for 25 years. The central idea of individual-based models (IBMs) and of individual-based ecology in general is that <strong>a biological system can be described through its individual agents</strong>, their environment, and the interactions among agents and between agents and environment. The agents of a system (for example, all fish in a population) are modelled as unique and autonomous individuals with their own properties.</p> <figure class="wp-block-video"><video controls src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Video-1-Experiment-trout-at-feeder.mp4"></video><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0585-2">controlled experiment of Harvey and White</a> to quantify how trout trade off feeding vs. predation risk. The experimenters trained wild trout to feed at this dispenser, and then moved it to increasingly risky habitat. The feeding rate needed to keep the trout from leaving increases with the risk it perceives. IBMs like <em>inSTREAM</em> use knowledge about individual behaviour from experiments like this to predict complex population responses. Video by Jason L. White.</figcaption></figure> <p>Agents also have behaviours: they make decisions, following simple rules or algorithms, independently of other individuals, and seek objectives such as surviving to reproduce in the future. These behaviours are adaptive: agents’ decisions depend on their state and the state of their environment. In this way, <strong>population-level results actually emerge from the behaviour of the individuals</strong>. In <em>inSTREAM</em>, model trout decide whether to feed vs. hide from predators at different times of day, assumed a trade-off between the need to feed and the predation risk it poses. Temperature has a strong effect on this trade-off because a fish’s metabolic rates, and thus the amount of food it needs, increase sharply with temperature.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="630" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey-1024x768.jpg?resize=840%2C630&ssl=1" alt="A photo of three people wearing waders engaged in field research in a river." class="wp-image-14412" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Photo-3-Habitat-survey.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Three members of the research team at the UCM conducting habitat surveys at the Roncal study site. In IBMs like <em>inSTREAM</em>, modelled populations and their environment are characterised by field data collected in surveys like this. Photo by Benigno Elvira.</figcaption></figure> <p>What did we learn with our IBM? First, our simulations show what behavioural ecologists know from experiments: that during warm summers trout can meet their metabolic requirements only by feeding at multiple times of day and segregating temporally, so that fish of different size can feed at the same spot but at different times of day. Feeding during daytime is more profitable but riskier, while doing it at night is safer but less efficient, and feeding during twilight provides near-daytime growth and somewhat-reduced risk.</p> <p>We then analysed how model trout change their circadian foraging behaviour under increasing climate change. As we expected, <strong>trout showed great behavioural plasticity</strong>: trout of all ages responded to warmer and drier conditions by increasing daytime feeding and overall foraging activity, although there were differences across age classes in the distribution of daily activity. Our second experiment used a great advantage of IBMs as a virtual laboratory: we can run experiments that are impossible in reality. We tested the importance of behavioural plasticity by simply turning the behaviour off. In our simulations, virtual <strong>populations of trout capable of flexible circadian feeding were more resistant to climate change</strong>─had higher biomass and a more balanced age structure─than were populations of trout that feed only during daytime.</p> <p>These experiments reinforce that <strong>behavioural plasticity can be key for coping with environmental changes</strong>, so we shouldn’t minimise its relevance when predicting the persistence of salmonid populations in warming and drying rivers. This conclusion no doubt also applies to other taxa that have powerful adaptive behaviours.</p> <p><strong>This study epitomises individual-based ecology</strong>, the subject of <a href="https://ibe.pensoft.net/">Pensoft’s new journal</a>: we use what we know from empirical research on individual physiology and behaviour, in an individual-based model, to study complex population responses of direct relevance to our changing world.</p> <p><strong>Research article:</strong></p> <p>Ayllón D, Railsback SF, Harvey BC, Nicola GG, Elvira B, Almodóvar A (2025) Behavioural plasticity in circadian foraging patterns increases resistance of brown trout populations to environmental change. Individual-based Ecology 1: e139560. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/ibe.1.e139560" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.3897/ibe.1.e139560</a></p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F31%2Fguest-blog-post-global-change-individual-behaviour-and-trout-population-persistence%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/31/guest-blog-post-global-change-individual-behaviour-and-trout-population-persistence/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-03-31T12:32:46+03:00">March 31, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-03-31T12:32:49+03:00">March 31, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/individual-based-ecology/" rel="category tag">Individual-based Ecology</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/adaptation/" rel="tag">adaptation</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/animal-behaviour/" rel="tag">animal behaviour</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/ecology/" rel="tag">ecology</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/freshwater-fish/" rel="tag">freshwater fish</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/trout/" rel="tag">trout</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14440" class="post-14440 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-individual-based-ecology tag-diamond-open-access tag-ecological-research tag-ecology tag-global-change tag-new-journal"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/28/recently-launched-individual-based-ecology-journal-publishes-its-first-articles/" rel="bookmark">Recently launched Individual-based Ecology journal publishes its first articles</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>IBE offers a transformative framework for addressing global challenges such as the loss of biodiversity and potential loss of ecosystem services.</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/28/recently-launched-individual-based-ecology-journal-publishes-its-first-articles/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="487" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-cover.jpg?fit=1200%2C487&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Recently launched Individual-based Ecology journal publishes its first articles" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-cover.jpg?w=2034&ssl=1 2034w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-cover.jpg?resize=300%2C122&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-cover.jpg?resize=1024%2C416&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-cover.jpg?resize=768%2C312&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-cover.jpg?resize=1536%2C624&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-cover.jpg?resize=1200%2C487&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-cover.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F28%2Frecently-launched-individual-based-ecology-journal-publishes-its-first-articles%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p><a href="https://ibe.pensoft.net/"><em>Individual-based Ecology</em></a> (IBE), a new open-access peer-reviewed journal by scholarly publisher and technology provider <a href="https://pensoft.net/">Pensoft</a>, has now published its first <a href="https://ibe.pensoft.net/articles">articles</a>, offering a fresh perspective on how the behaviour of individual organisms and ecological systems dynamics are linked.</p> <p>The journal was <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/09/12/pensoft-launches-new-journal-individual-based-ecology">launched</a> in September 2024 with an official announcement made during the <a href="https://www.gfoe-conference.de/">German Ecological Society</a>’s 53<sup>rd</sup> annual conference (Freising, Germany).</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-blog wp-block-embed-blog"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="cEacLYSRgL"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/09/12/pensoft-launches-new-journal-individual-based-ecology/">Pensoft launches new journal: Individual-based Ecology</a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" title="“Pensoft launches new journal: Individual-based Ecology” — Blog" src="https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/09/12/pensoft-launches-new-journal-individual-based-ecology/embed/#?secret=MBOw9bq2nj#?secret=cEacLYSRgL" data-secret="cEacLYSRgL" width="600" height="338" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe> </div></figure> <p>To fill a known gap in knowledge, the journal <a href="https://ibe.pensoft.net/about#FocusandScope">focuses</a> on individual-based perspectives in ecology, complementing other ecological disciplines. Current approaches cannot fully capture the mechanisms underlying ecological responses to change in drivers, the journal’s editors believe, as they rarely focus on the individual organisms who directly respond to change.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="840" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal-1024x1024.png?resize=840%2C840&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14442" style="width:308px;height:auto" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?resize=1024%2C1024&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?resize=768%2C768&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?resize=1536%2C1536&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?resize=2048%2C2048&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?resize=1200%2C1200&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IBE-journal.png?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure></div> <p>Four editors-in-chief lead IBE: Prof. Dr. Volker Grimm and Prof. Dr. Karin Frank of Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Prof. Dr. Mark E. Hauber of The City University /(CUNY) of New York, and Prof. Dr. Florian Jeltsch of the University of Potsdam. “This team represents an international and collaborative group who agree on the conceptual and empirical need for this new journal”- says Dr Mark E. Hauber, from the Graduate Center of CUNY, and a former guest professor in ecology at the University of Potsdam.</p> <p>The journal is published under a diamond open-access model, which makes it free of charge for both readers and authors. It publishes a wide range of articles, including empirical, experimental, and modeling studies, as well as reviews, perspectives, and methodological papers.</p> <p>By blending basic and applied research, IBE offers a transformative framework for addressing global challenges such as the loss of biodiversity and potential loss of ecosystem services.</p> <p>“We propose a paradigm shift in ecological science, moving from simplifying frameworks that use species, population or community averages to an integrative approach that recognizes individual organisms as fundamental agents of ecological change,” advocates write in a <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/ibe.1.148200">forum paper</a> just published in IBE’s first issue. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="596" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j-1024x726.jpg?resize=840%2C596&ssl=1" alt="Illustration showing mouse behavior variation, predation effects, and colonization success based on boldness and size in new habitats." class="wp-image-14443" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j.jpg?resize=1024%2C726&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j.jpg?resize=300%2C213&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j.jpg?resize=768%2C545&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j.jpg?resize=1536%2C1090&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j.jpg?resize=1200%2C851&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j.jpg?w=1975&ssl=1 1975w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/j.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Examples of individual variation and its consequences: <strong>a</strong> individual variation describes the variation in traits, including behaviour, between or within individuals resulting from various processes such as microevolution and biotic filtering. It also explicitly includes variation induced by experience, health status or microbes and microbial communities associated with the host; <strong>b</strong> simplified example showing how successful colonisation or invasion depends on inter-individual variation in morphological or behavioural traits (González-Suárez et al. 2015; Dammhahn et al. 2020; Premier et al. 2020).</figcaption></figure> <p>“By unravelling and predicting the dynamics of biodiversity in the Anthropocene through a comprehensive study of individual organisms, their variability and their interactions, individual-based global change ecology will provide a critical foundation for a better understanding if and how we can manage individual variation and behaviour for conservation and sustainability, taking into account individual-to-ecosystem pathways and feedbacks.” </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="396" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw-1024x483.jpg?resize=840%2C396&ssl=1" alt="Illustration showing the impact of individual variation on biodiversity across genes, populations, communities, and ecosystems under global change." class="wp-image-14444" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw.jpg?resize=1024%2C483&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw.jpg?resize=300%2C141&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw.jpg?resize=768%2C362&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw.jpg?resize=1536%2C724&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw.jpg?resize=1200%2C566&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw.jpg?w=1975&ssl=1 1975w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/hiw.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Hierarchical organisation from genes to ecosystems. Individuals are the elementary particles of ecological systems, meaning that variation and interactions between individuals can scale up to emergent properties at the population, community and ecosystem levels. The different ecological levels are highly interconnected through both bottom-up and top-down processes. Elucidating these feedback loops through an individual-based lens is a prerequisite for understanding ecosystem resilience and response to global change.</figcaption></figure> <p>“By taking into account the variation, behaviours, and interactions of individual organisms, individual-based ecology links the responses of organisms to the responses of ecosystems: if we understand enough about individuals, we can predict complex system dynamics, even under novel conditions,” the editors and colleagues write in a “<a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/ibe.1.147788">manifesto</a>” for individual-based ecology that they published in the new journal. “We intend the journal to show how the individual-based perspective, in empirical, theoretical, and computational studies, benefits all branches of ecology.”</p> <p>IBE’s first published research articles provide excellent examples of the individual-based perspective of the journal. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/ibe.1.e137398">Church et al</a>. explore, using an established model of brown trout, how the uptake of microplastics by fish with different personalities affects population size. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/ibe.1.e139560">Ayllón et al.</a> use the same model to explore to what extent behavioural plasticity allows this species to cope with environmental change, in particular increasing temperatures. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/ibe.1.141005">Railsback and Harvey</a> argue that in many models the representation of mortality risk is too simple. They present a new method, “survival increase functions”, which is more realistic but still straightforward to calibrate. </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-blog wp-block-embed-blog"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="lJY11q5ZxQ"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/31/guest-blog-post-global-change-individual-behaviour-and-trout-population-persistence/">Guest blog post: Global change, individual behaviour, and trout population persistence</a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" title="“Guest blog post: Global change, individual behaviour, and trout population persistence” — Blog" src="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/31/guest-blog-post-global-change-individual-behaviour-and-trout-population-persistence/embed/#?secret=Mdr6NFLwXE#?secret=lJY11q5ZxQ" data-secret="lJY11q5ZxQ" width="600" height="338" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe> </div></figure> <p>The journal is supported by the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ, Germany) and the City University of New York (CUNY, USA).</p> <p>The journal utilises Pensoft’s innovative <a href="https://arphahub.com/">ARPHA platform</a>, which offers a seamless end-to-end publishing experience, encompassing all stages between manuscript submission and article publication, indexation, dissemination and permanent archiving. As a journal of Pensoft, IBE joins a number of <a href="https://pensoft.net/browse-journals?form_name=filter_journals&sortby=0&search=&journal_subjects%5B%5D=5">open-access scholarly outlets in ecology</a>  by the publisher.</p> <p>***</p> <p>You can keep up with updates from the journal on <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/ibe.pensoft.net">Bluesky</a>, <a href="https://x.com/IBEJournal">X</a> and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/IBEjournal/">Facebook</a>.</p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F28%2Frecently-launched-individual-based-ecology-journal-publishes-its-first-articles%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/28/recently-launched-individual-based-ecology-journal-publishes-its-first-articles/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-03-28T10:01:35+02:00">March 28, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-03-31T12:33:43+03:00">March 31, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/individual-based-ecology/" rel="category tag">Individual-based Ecology</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/diamond-open-access/" rel="tag">diamond open access</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/ecological-research/" rel="tag">ecological research</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/ecology/" rel="tag">ecology</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/global-change/" rel="tag">global change</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/new-journal/" rel="tag">new journal</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14417" class="post-14417 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-zookeys tag-biodivdersity tag-biology tag-digitization tag-museum-collections tag-taxonomy"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/27/new-smartphone-workflows-revolutionize-the-digitization-of-natural-history-collections/" rel="bookmark">New smartphone workflows revolutionize the digitization of natural history collections</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>By digitizing these data, we can preserve valuable knowledge about our biodiversity, especially in times of climate change and biodiversity crises.</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/27/new-smartphone-workflows-revolutionize-the-digitization-of-natural-history-collections/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="New smartphone workflows revolutionize the digitization of natural history collections" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?w=2560&ssl=1 2560w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-4-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F27%2Fnew-smartphone-workflows-revolutionize-the-digitization-of-natural-history-collections%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p>A team from the Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB) has discovered groundbreaking ways for rapidly digitizing collection data. Data of insect specimen labels <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1233.140726">can now be easily read with just a smartphone</a> – and all wirelessly and using only free, already available apps!</p> <figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm1-2.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="436" height="1024" data-id="14427" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm1-2-436x1024.jpg?resize=436%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="A screenshot of Google Lens interface, displaying translation options and a set of specimen labels on a light surface." class="wp-image-14427" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm1-2.jpg?resize=436%2C1024&ssl=1 436w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm1-2.jpg?resize=128%2C300&ssl=1 128w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm1-2.jpg?w=508&ssl=1 508w" sizes="(max-width: 436px) 85vw, 436px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm2-1.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="441" height="1024" data-id="14428" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm2-1-441x1024.jpg?resize=441%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="A screenshot showing Google Lens and a label in blue text describing a specimen collected in North Iraq, Kurdistan, detailing location and scientific classification." class="wp-image-14428" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm2-1.jpg?resize=441%2C1024&ssl=1 441w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm2-1.jpg?resize=129%2C300&ssl=1 129w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm2-1.jpg?w=514&ssl=1 514w" sizes="(max-width: 441px) 85vw, 441px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm3-1.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="451" height="1024" data-id="14431" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm3-1-451x1024.jpg?resize=451%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="A screenshot of Google Lens showing a photo of a collection of labels from specimens, featuring names, locations, and scientific references, displayed on a textured surface." class="wp-image-14431" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm3-1.jpg?resize=451%2C1024&ssl=1 451w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm3-1.jpg?resize=132%2C300&ssl=1 132w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm3-1.jpg?w=526&ssl=1 526w" sizes="(max-width: 451px) 85vw, 451px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm4-1.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="442" height="1024" data-id="14430" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm4-1-442x1024.jpg?resize=442%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="A screenshot from Google Lens with a photo of labels on specimens." class="wp-image-14430" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm4-1.jpg?resize=442%2C1024&ssl=1 442w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm4-1.jpg?resize=129%2C300&ssl=1 129w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm4-1.jpg?w=508&ssl=1 508w" sizes="(max-width: 442px) 85vw, 442px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm5-1.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="442" height="1024" data-id="14429" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm5-1-442x1024.jpg?resize=442%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="A screenshot showing a photo of a label detailing a collection site in Arunachal Pradesh, India, including location, elevation, and collection date." class="wp-image-14429" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm5-1.jpg?resize=442%2C1024&ssl=1 442w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm5-1.jpg?resize=129%2C300&ssl=1 129w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm5-1.jpg?w=509&ssl=1 509w" sizes="(max-width: 442px) 85vw, 442px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm6-1.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="445" height="1024" data-id="14426" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm6-1-445x1024.jpg?resize=445%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="A screenshot featuring a photo of a label detailing a collection from Wagam village in Arunachal Pradesh, India, taken at 1000m altitude, June 2018." class="wp-image-14426" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm6-1.jpg?resize=445%2C1024&ssl=1 445w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm6-1.jpg?resize=130%2C300&ssl=1 130w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/sm6-1.jpg?w=511&ssl=1 511w" sizes="(max-width: 445px) 85vw, 445px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figcaption class="blocks-gallery-caption wp-element-caption">Screenshots from a mobile phone showing the steps of scanning of real-time data collection, and examples of labels: <strong>A</strong> step 1: marking of the text to be captured via touch screen of the mobile phone (example – printed labels scanned on pin) <strong>B</strong> step 2: select from menu bar (at the right side under three dots) “Copy to computer” (example – printed labels scanned separately). <strong>C</strong> Capture of multidirectional printed labels scanned separately from the specimen in “<em>Google Lens</em>” <strong>D</strong> Capture of multiple distorted, printed labels scanned on the pinned specimen in “<em>Google Lens</em>” <strong>E</strong> Initial capture of a printed label scanned separately from the specimen in “<em>Google Keep</em>” <strong>F</strong> Extracted data resulting from <strong>E</strong>.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Why is this important?</h3> <p>Around 1.1 billion objects in the largest natural history museums worldwide remain undigitized and manual extraction of specimen label information for taxonomic revisions, another source for biodiversity data mobilization, is very time consuming. By digitizing these data, we can preserve valuable knowledge about our biodiversity, especially in times of climate change and human biodiversity crisis when many species are going extinct before they are even discovered.</p> <p>This innovation will accelerate and advance global research and the preservation of our biological knowledge. And the best part? It’s not expensive and accessible to everyone – from professionals to amateur scientists!</p> <p><strong>Research article:</strong></p> <p>Ahrens D, Haas A, Pacheco TL, Grobe P (2025) Extracting specimen label data rapidly with a smartphone—a great help for simple digitization in taxonomy and collection management. ZooKeys 1233: 15-30. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1233.140726" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1233.140726</a></p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F27%2Fnew-smartphone-workflows-revolutionize-the-digitization-of-natural-history-collections%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/27/new-smartphone-workflows-revolutionize-the-digitization-of-natural-history-collections/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-03-27T19:11:44+02:00">March 27, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-03-27T19:11:47+02:00">March 27, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/zookeys/" rel="category tag">Zookeys</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biodivdersity/" rel="tag">biodivdersity</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biology/" rel="tag">biology</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/digitization/" rel="tag">digitization</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/museum-collections/" rel="tag">museum collections</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/taxonomy/" rel="tag">taxonomy</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14384" class="post-14384 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-acta-ichthyologica-et-piscatoria tag-ecology tag-invasive-alien-species tag-mediterranean tag-pufferfish"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/24/a-toxic-pufferfish-that-could-bite-off-your-fingers-has-been-found-in-croatian-waters/" rel="bookmark">A toxic pufferfish (that could bite off your fingers) has been found in Croatian waters</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>The silver-cheeked toadfish has spread aggressively in the Mediterranean since entering through the Suez Canal.</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/24/a-toxic-pufferfish-that-could-bite-off-your-fingers-has-been-found-in-croatian-waters/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/s.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="A toxic pufferfish (that could bite off your fingers) has been found in Croatian waters" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/s.png?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/s.png?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/s.png?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/s.png?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/s.png?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/s.png?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/s.png?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F24%2Fa-toxic-pufferfish-that-could-bite-off-your-fingers-has-been-found-in-croatian-waters%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p>On May 13, 2024 researchers discovered a highly invasive silver-cheeked toadfish (<em>Lagocephalus sceleratus</em>) in the Bay of Medulin, just off the coast of Croatia. The 52 cm, 1.3 kg male represents the northernmost record of the species in the Mediterranean, raising serious concerns about potential impacts on marine biodiversity, fisheries, and coastal tourism. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286709.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="424" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286709-1024x517.jpg?resize=840%2C424&ssl=1" alt="Pufferfish specimen on a metal plate." class="wp-image-14386" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286709.jpg?resize=1024%2C517&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286709.jpg?resize=300%2C151&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286709.jpg?resize=768%2C388&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286709.jpg?resize=1536%2C775&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286709.jpg?resize=1200%2C606&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286709.jpg?w=1686&ssl=1 1686w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><br>Specimen of <em><em>Lagocephalus</em> <em>sceleratus</em></em> (♂) from Medulin Bay, Croatia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Originating from the Indo-Pacific, <em>Lagocephalus sceleratus</em> is a ‘Lessepsian migrant’ (meaning it migrated through the artificially created Suez Canal) and has spread aggressively through the Mediterranean since its first sighting in 2003. This latest discovery is the fourth confirmed record of the species in the Adriatic and the first from its northernmost waters.  </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286708.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="486" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286708-1024x593.jpg?resize=840%2C486&ssl=1" alt="Map of Medulin Bay, Croatia." class="wp-image-14388" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286708.jpg?resize=1024%2C593&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286708.jpg?resize=300%2C174&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286708.jpg?resize=768%2C444&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286708.jpg?resize=1200%2C694&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286708.jpg?w=1424&ssl=1 1424w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The area in the northern Adriatic Sea where <em><em>Lagocephalus</em> <em>sceleratus</em></em> was caught, Medulin Bay, southern Istria, Croatia. </figcaption></figure> <p>Recent evidence from the southern and eastern Mediterranean shows that bites from the powerful beak-like jaws of the species can result in severe injuries such as partial amputations of fingers. Its flesh and organs also contain a potent neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin, which can be lethal  if consumed.  </p> <p>In Mediterranean coastal regions, <em>Lagocephalus sceleratus</em> has become an increasingly significant portion of small-scale fishing catches, often causing damage to fishing gear with its bite. Stomach analysis of the captured individual revealed a diet consisting of bivalves, gastropods, and sea urchins, suggesting potential disruptions to the Adriatic’s ecological balance. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286710.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="565" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286710-1024x689.jpg?resize=840%2C565&ssl=1" alt="Map showing the Adriatic Sea with five circles marking sightings of the species since 2012." class="wp-image-14387" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286710.jpg?resize=1024%2C689&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286710.jpg?resize=300%2C202&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286710.jpg?resize=768%2C517&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286710.jpg?resize=1536%2C1034&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286710.jpg?resize=1200%2C808&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/oo_1286710.jpg?w=1668&ssl=1 1668w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Adriatic records of <em><em>Lagocephalus</em> <em>sceleratus</em></em>.</figcaption></figure> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"> <p>“The presence of <em>Lagocephalus sceleratus </em>in the northern Adriatic is a clear warning sign of the species’ expanding range and potential ecological and economic consequences. Proactive monitoring and management strategies are important to mitigating its impact on local marine biodiversity, fisheries, and public safety.”</p> <cite>Dr Neven Iveša, co-author of the study. </cite></blockquote> <p>Experts recommend increased monitoring, regulatory measures, and public awareness campaigns to address threats posed by the species. Targeted removal efforts, public education on handling and reporting sightings, and further research can also play a part in mitigating threats.</p> <p>Researchers from the <a href="https://fpz.unipu.hr/fpz/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">Faculty of Natural Sciences at Juraj Dobrila University of Pula</a> and the <a href="https://galijula.izor.hr/en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries in Split</a> published the discovery in the open-access journal <a href="https://aiep.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title=""><em>Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria</em></a>.</p> <p><strong>Original source</strong></p> <p>Iveša N, Buršić M, Dulčić J (2025) Northernmost Mediterranean record of the silver-cheeked toadfish, Lagocephalus sceleratus (Actinopterygii, Tetraodontiformes, Tetraodontidae). Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 55: 77-81. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/aiep.55.146945" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">https://doi.org/10.3897/aiep.55.146945</a></p> <p><strong>Follow <em>Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria</em> on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ActaIchthyol" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> and <a href="http://@Acta_Ichthyol" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="X">X</a>.</strong></p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F24%2Fa-toxic-pufferfish-that-could-bite-off-your-fingers-has-been-found-in-croatian-waters%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/24/a-toxic-pufferfish-that-could-bite-off-your-fingers-has-been-found-in-croatian-waters/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-03-24T13:52:42+02:00">March 24, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-03-24T13:55:42+02:00">March 24, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/acta-ichthyologica-et-piscatoria/" rel="category tag">Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/ecology/" rel="tag">ecology</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/invasive-alien-species/" rel="tag">invasive alien species</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/mediterranean/" rel="tag">Mediterranean</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/pufferfish/" rel="tag">pufferfish</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14366" class="post-14366 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-zookeys tag-amazonia tag-andes tag-biodivdersity tag-frogs tag-open-access"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/20/new-torrent-frog-species-named-after-alexandra-elbakyan-creator-of-sci-hub/" rel="bookmark">New torrent frog species named after Alexandra Elbakyan, creator of Sci-Hub</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>A team of researchers has announced the discovery of three new species of torrent frogs belonging to the genus Hyloscirtus.</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/20/new-torrent-frog-species-named-after-alexandra-elbakyan-creator-of-sci-hub/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="New torrent frog species named after Alexandra Elbakyan, creator of Sci-Hub" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?w=2560&ssl=1 2560w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cover-2-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F20%2Fnew-torrent-frog-species-named-after-alexandra-elbakyan-creator-of-sci-hub%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p>A team of researchers from the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, in collaboration with the Natural History Museum of London, has announced the discovery of three new species of torrent frogs belonging to the genus <em>Hyloscirtus</em>. The study, recently <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926" title="">published</a> in the journal <em><a href="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/" title="">ZooKeys</a></em>, combines genetic, genomic, morphological, and bioacoustic analyses, revealing hidden diversity in one of the planet’s richest ecosystems.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="693" height="1024" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny-693x1024.jpg?resize=693%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="A phylogenetic tree illustrating the relationships among Hyloxtricits species, with images of various frog species on the right side." class="wp-image-14367" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny.jpg?resize=693%2C1024&ssl=1 693w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny.jpg?resize=203%2C300&ssl=1 203w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny.jpg?resize=768%2C1135&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny.jpg?resize=1040%2C1536&ssl=1 1040w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny.jpg?resize=1386%2C2048&ssl=1 1386w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny.jpg?resize=1200%2C1773&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/phylogeny.jpg?w=1621&ssl=1 1621w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Maximum likelihood phylogram of <em>Hyloscirtus</em> for DNA sequences of mitochondrial (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, ND1 and adjacent tRNAs) and nuclear genes (RAG1 and c-myc). Bayesian posterior probabilities (pp × 100) are shown above branches and bootstrap values below. Asterisks represent values of 100%. Missing values indicate posterior probabilities and bootstrap < 50. Amazonian species of the <em>H. bogotensis</em> group are shown with colored boxes. Outgroup species are not shown and include two species of <em>Boana</em> and two of <em>Dendropsophus</em>. Voucher museum numbers are shown before the species name. For Ecuadorian populations, the province is provided after the species name. Abbreviations for other countries at the end of terminals: BOL (Bolivia), COL (Colombia), PAN (Panamá), PER (Perú), and VEN (Venezuela). UCS: unconfirmed candidate species.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Frogs in the mist</strong></h3> <p>The research focuses on frog populations inhabiting the Amazonian cloud forests, a region known for its high biodiversity and conservation challenges. By combining DNA sequencing (both genomic and mitochondrial), detailed morphological studies, and the analysis of mating calls, the authors have identified three new species:</p> <ul> <li><em>Hyloscirtus maycu</em></li> <li><em>Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</em></li> <li><em>Hyloscirtus dispersus</em></li> </ul> <div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter" data-effect="slide"><div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container"><ul class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper"><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="668" alt="Close-up photo of a green frog perched on a leaf against a dark background, featuring distinctive patterned eyes." class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14368" data-id="14368" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979.jpg?resize=840%2C668" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C814&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C238&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C610&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1221&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1628&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C954&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20080613_15553-dispersus-QCAZ-40979-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Hyloscirtus dispersus</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="560" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14369" data-id="14369" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-1024x683.jpg?resize=840%2C560" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C200&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C512&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1365&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53808-20120730_30202-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="560" alt="A close-up photo of a frog with distinctive yellow feet and large, textured eyes, displayed against a white background." class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14370" data-id="14370" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-1024x683.jpg?resize=840%2C560" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C200&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C512&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1365&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ53831-20120731_30269-elbakyanae-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="532" alt="A close-up photo of a green frog with large eyes and textured skin, against a white background." class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14372" data-id="14372" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ60695-28032015-dispersus.jpg?resize=840%2C532" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ60695-28032015-dispersus.jpg?resize=1024%2C649&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ60695-28032015-dispersus.jpg?resize=300%2C190&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ60695-28032015-dispersus.jpg?resize=768%2C487&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ60695-28032015-dispersus.jpg?resize=1536%2C973&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ60695-28032015-dispersus.jpg?resize=2048%2C1298&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ60695-28032015-dispersus.jpg?resize=1200%2C760&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZ60695-28032015-dispersus.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Hyloscirtus dispersus</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="560" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14374" data-id="14374" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu.jpg?resize=840%2C560" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C200&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C512&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1365&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaza-67081-_MG_8917-maycu-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Hyloscirtus maycu</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="560" alt="A close-up photo of a green frog, featuring large eyes and textured skin, against a white background." class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14371" data-id="14371" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus.jpg?resize=840%2C560" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C200&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C512&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1365&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-qcaz59824-2015_03_11_001499-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Hyloscirtus maycu</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="582" alt="A close-up photo of a green frog with large eyes and vibrant feet, sitting against a white background." class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14373" data-id="14373" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus.jpg?resize=840%2C582" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C710&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C208&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C532&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1065&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1420&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C832&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/QCAZ-QCAZA-59823-2015_03_16_IMG_010064-albopunctulatus-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></figure></li></ul><a class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white" role="button"></a><a class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white" role="button"></a><a aria-label="Pause Slideshow" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause" role="button"></a><div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white"></div></div></div> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>A tribute to open knowledge</strong></h3> <p>As a recognition of the value of free access to scientific information, one of the newly described species has been named after Alexandra Elbakyan, programmer and creator of <a href="https://sci-hub.se/" title="">Sci-Hub</a>. This website provides free access to scientific articles, allowing researchers worldwide to consult studies that would otherwise be locked behind expensive subscriptions—especially in low- and middle-income countries. Sci-Hub has been instrumental in democratizing scientific knowledge on a global scale.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="905" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19-950x1024.jpg?resize=840%2C905&ssl=1" alt="A collage of various frogs of the species Hyloscirtus elbakyanae displaying different colors, postures, and body types against a white background." class="wp-image-14377" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19.jpg?resize=950%2C1024&ssl=1 950w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19.jpg?resize=278%2C300&ssl=1 278w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19.jpg?resize=768%2C827&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19.jpg?resize=1426%2C1536&ssl=1 1426w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19.jpg?resize=1200%2C1293&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19.jpg?w=1823&ssl=1 1823w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig19.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Variation in life of <em>Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</em>.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Importance of the study</strong></h3> <p>“This discovery not only expands our understanding of cloud forest biodiversity but also highlights the urgent need to conserve these ecosystems in the face of growing environmental threats,” said Andrea Varela, lead researcher of the study.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="674" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5-1024x822.jpg?resize=840%2C674&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14378" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5.jpg?resize=1024%2C822&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5.jpg?resize=300%2C241&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5.jpg?resize=768%2C616&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5.jpg?resize=1536%2C1232&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5.jpg?resize=1200%2C963&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5.jpg?w=1816&ssl=1 1816w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/fig5.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the <em>Hyloscirtus bogotensis</em> group. Stars represent the type locality of <em>H. albopunctulatus</em>, <em>H. phyllognathus</em> and <em>H. torrenticola</em>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The paper also examines the impact of the Andes on the diversification of this group. Colonization events across the Andes have been very rare; in the studied group, only two such events were recorded, over 14 million years ago, both from the Amazon towards the Pacific basin. These findings underscore the crucial role of the Andean barrier in the evolution and distribution of these species, offering a unique perspective on the complex biogeographic history of the Andes—one of the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth.</p> <p><strong>Research article:</strong></p> <p>Varela-Jaramillo A, Streicher JW, Venegas PJ, Ron SR (2025) Three new species of torrent treefrogs (Anura, Hylidae) of the <em>Hyloscirtus bogotensis</em> group from the eastern Andean slopes and the biogeographic history of the genus. ZooKeys 1231: 233-292. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926</a></p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F20%2Fnew-torrent-frog-species-named-after-alexandra-elbakyan-creator-of-sci-hub%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/20/new-torrent-frog-species-named-after-alexandra-elbakyan-creator-of-sci-hub/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-03-20T17:01:24+02:00">March 20, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-03-20T17:01:25+02:00">March 20, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/zookeys/" rel="category tag">Zookeys</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/amazonia/" rel="tag">Amazonia</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/andes/" rel="tag">Andes</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biodivdersity/" rel="tag">biodivdersity</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/frogs/" rel="tag">frogs</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/open-access/" rel="tag">open access</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-14319" class="post-14319 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biodiversity-data-journal category-check-list category-ima-fungus category-italian-botanist category-mycokeys category-neotropical-biology-and-conservation category-phytokeys tag-academic-conference tag-botany tag-cuba tag-latin-america tag-mycology tag-scholarly-publishing"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/18/plants-of-the-carribbean-pensoft-at-the-xiii-latin-american-congress-of-botany-in-havana/" rel="bookmark">Plants of the Carribbean: Pensoft at the XIII Latin American Congress of Botany in Havana</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>Researchers gathered in Cuba to share the latest advancements in plant science.</p> </div> <a class="post-thumbnail" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/18/plants-of-the-carribbean-pensoft-at-the-xiii-latin-american-congress-of-botany-in-havana/" aria-hidden="true"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/XIII-Latin-American-Congress-of-Botany.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Plants of the Carribbean: Pensoft at the XIII Latin American Congress of Botany in Havana" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/XIII-Latin-American-Congress-of-Botany.png?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/XIII-Latin-American-Congress-of-Botany.png?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/XIII-Latin-American-Congress-of-Botany.png?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/XIII-Latin-American-Congress-of-Botany.png?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/XIII-Latin-American-Congress-of-Botany.png?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/XIII-Latin-American-Congress-of-Botany.png?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/XIII-Latin-American-Congress-of-Botany.png?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" /> </a> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F18%2Fplants-of-the-carribbean-pensoft-at-the-xiii-latin-american-congress-of-botany-in-havana%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> <p>From the 10th to 14th March, 2025, Havana, Cuba, hosted the <a href="https://botanica-alb.org/congreso-cuba-2025/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="XIII Latin American Congress of Botany,">XIII Latin American Congress of Botany</a>, a fantastic event that brought together botanists and mycologists from far and wide to share knowledge and celebrate the rich botanical heritage of Latin America. </p> <p>Organised by the <a href="https://botanica-alb.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">Latin American Botanical Association</a> and <a href="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/Planta!%20-%20Plantlife%20Conservation%20Society" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">Planta! – Plantlife Conservation Society</a>, the event welcomed around 300 attendees and provided fertile ground for experts to engage in meaningful discussions and forge new partnerships. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="473" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-1024x576.jpg?resize=840%2C473&ssl=1" alt="Pensoft's stand at the XIII Latin American Congress of Botany in Havana, with many visitors." class="wp-image-14329" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1051-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Pensoft’s stand welcomed hundreds of visitors.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="https://pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Pensoft">Pensoft</a> was proud to participate in the congress, showcasing its commitment to advancing plant research and establishing relationships with the global academic community. As always, the Pensoft team was thrilled to meet up with familiar authors, editors, and reviewers, as well as hundreds of new faces.</p> <div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter" data-effect="slide"><div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container"><ul class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper"><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="630" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14339" data-id="14339" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?resize=840%2C630" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?w=2560&ssl=1 2560w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250311_091033-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Eldis R. Bécquer</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="1120" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14333" data-id="14333" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_121618-scaled.jpg?resize=840%2C1120" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_121618-scaled.jpg?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_121618-scaled.jpg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_121618-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_121618-scaled.jpg?resize=1152%2C1536&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_121618-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C2048&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_121618-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C1600&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_121618-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Alicia Rodriguez and Denitsa Peneva</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="1493" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14337" data-id="14337" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1043-1-scaled.jpg?resize=840%2C1493" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1043-1-scaled.jpg?w=1440&ssl=1 1440w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1043-1-scaled.jpg?resize=169%2C300&ssl=1 169w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1043-1-scaled.jpg?resize=576%2C1024&ssl=1 576w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1043-1-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1365&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1043-1-scaled.jpg?resize=864%2C1536&ssl=1 864w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1043-1-scaled.jpg?resize=1152%2C2048&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1043-1-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C2133&ssl=1 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Carolina Garrizo Garcia and Boriana Ovcharova</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="1493" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14334" data-id="14334" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1046-scaled.jpg?resize=840%2C1493" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1046-scaled.jpg?w=1440&ssl=1 1440w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1046-scaled.jpg?resize=169%2C300&ssl=1 169w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1046-scaled.jpg?resize=576%2C1024&ssl=1 576w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1046-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1365&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1046-scaled.jpg?resize=864%2C1536&ssl=1 864w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1046-scaled.jpg?resize=1152%2C2048&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1046-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C2133&ssl=1 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Rafael Silva and Boriana Ovcharova</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="473" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14340" data-id="14340" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?resize=840%2C473" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?w=2560&ssl=1 2560w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C169&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1065-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Event organisers Alejandro Palmarola and Ramona Oviedo with Lyubomir Penev</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="1493" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14332" data-id="14332" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1080-scaled.jpg?resize=840%2C1493" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1080-scaled.jpg?w=1440&ssl=1 1440w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1080-scaled.jpg?resize=169%2C300&ssl=1 169w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1080-scaled.jpg?resize=576%2C1024&ssl=1 576w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1080-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1365&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1080-scaled.jpg?resize=864%2C1536&ssl=1 864w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1080-scaled.jpg?resize=1152%2C2048&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1080-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C2133&ssl=1 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Alejandra Jamarillo</figcaption></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="1493" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-14341" data-id="14341" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1261-scaled.jpg?resize=840%2C1493" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1261-scaled.jpg?w=1440&ssl=1 1440w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1261-scaled.jpg?resize=169%2C300&ssl=1 169w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1261-scaled.jpg?resize=576%2C1024&ssl=1 576w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1261-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1365&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1261-scaled.jpg?resize=864%2C1536&ssl=1 864w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1261-scaled.jpg?resize=1152%2C2048&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1261-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C2133&ssl=1 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /><figcaption class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption">Lyubomir Penev and John Clark</figcaption></figure></li></ul><a class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white" role="button"></a><a class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white" role="button"></a><a aria-label="Pause Slideshow" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause" role="button"></a><div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white"></div></div></div> <p>Pensoft’s stand was hub of activity, featuring information on its numerous journals in botany and mycology. These included <em><a href="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Italian Botanist">PhytoKeys</a></em>, <em><a href="https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="MycoKeys">MycoKeys</a></em>, <em><a href="https://imafungus.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="IMA Fungus">IMA Fungus</a></em>, <em><a href="https://plecevo.eu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Plant Ecology and Evolution">Plant Ecology and Evolution</a></em>,<em> <a href="https://italianbotanist.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Italian Botanist">Italian Botanist</a></em>, <em><a href="https://bdj.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Biodiversity Data Journal">Biodiversity Data Journal</a></em>, <em><a href="https://neotropical.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Neotropical Biology and Conservation">Neotropical Biology and Conservation</a></em>, and <em><a href="https://checklist.pensoft.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Check List">Check List</a></em>. At the stand, attendees were welcomed to explore the journals, discuss publishing opportunities, learn about Pensoft’s cutting-edge publishing and technology solutions, take some stickers, and even enter a raffle!</p> <p>The stand was adorned with many promotional materials featuring artwork by Denitsa Peneva, which proved to be a major draw for the attendees. </p> <figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-4 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="1024" data-id="14324" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-768x1024.jpg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14324" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-scaled.jpg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-scaled.jpg?resize=1152%2C1536&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C2048&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C1600&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-scaled.jpg?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250312_095220-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="630" data-id="14327" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-1024x768.jpg?resize=840%2C630&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14327" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?w=1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250313_115426-scaled.jpg?w=2520 2520w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="576" height="1024" data-id="14325" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-576x1024.jpg?resize=576%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14325" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-scaled.jpg?resize=576%2C1024&ssl=1 576w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-scaled.jpg?resize=169%2C300&ssl=1 169w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1365&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-scaled.jpg?resize=864%2C1536&ssl=1 864w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-scaled.jpg?resize=1152%2C2048&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C2133&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1035-scaled.jpg?w=1440&ssl=1 1440w" sizes="(max-width: 576px) 85vw, 576px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-scaled.jpg?ssl=1"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="576" height="1024" data-id="14328" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-576x1024.jpg?resize=576%2C1024&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-14328" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-scaled.jpg?resize=576%2C1024&ssl=1 576w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-scaled.jpg?resize=169%2C300&ssl=1 169w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C1366&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-scaled.jpg?resize=864%2C1536&ssl=1 864w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-scaled.jpg?resize=1152%2C2048&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C2134&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/IMG_1030-scaled.jpg?w=1440&ssl=1 1440w" sizes="(max-width: 576px) 85vw, 576px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></figure> <figcaption class="blocks-gallery-caption wp-element-caption">Promotional material at Pensoft’s stand.</figcaption></figure> <p>On Friday, March 14, 2025, Pensoft’s CEO and Founder, Prof Dr Lyubomir Penev, delivered a compelling talk titled “Advancing Plant Taxonomy and Conservation through Scholarly Communication.” This presentation delved into the workflows and tools designed to streamline data publishing and enhance scholarly communication throughout the academic portfolio of the open-access publisher. Key aspects covered included semantic enrichment, data publishing, automated data import/export and science communication, all of which are crucial for advancing biodiversity research and conservation efforts. </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <div class="twitter-tweet"><blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">✨Highlights from our CEO & fouder <a href="https://twitter.com/LyuboPenev?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@LyuboPenev</a>'s talk at the 🇨🇺 <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/XIIICLB?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#XIIICLB</a> congress: "Advancing<br>🌿<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/plant?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#plant</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/taxonomy?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#taxonomy</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/conservation?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#conservation</a> through <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/biodiversity?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#biodiversity</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/publishing?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#publishing</a> & science <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/communication?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#communication</a>!<br>📸🌎🗞️<a href="https://twitter.com/botanicalatina?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@botanicalatina</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/botany?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#botany</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/plantscience?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#plantscience</a> <a href="https://t.co/GnEgsqRpuR">pic.twitter.com/GnEgsqRpuR</a></p>— Pensoft (@Pensoft) <a href="https://twitter.com/Pensoft/status/1900583788205260838?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 14, 2025</a></blockquote></div> </div></figure> <p>The event marked another milestone in Pensoft’s ongoing efforts to bridge the gap between research and publication, ensuring that botanical knowledge reaches a wider audience and contributes to the conservation of plant diversity worldwide. As the botanical community looks forward to future gatherings, Pensoft remains ready to support and enhance the dissemination of botanical science globally.</p> <p><em><strong>Follow Pensoft on social media: <a href="https://x.com/Pensoft" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="X">X</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Pensoft" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/pensoft.net" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Bluesky">Bluesky</a>, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/pensoft/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>.</strong></em></p> <div class="twitter-share"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.pensoft.net%2F2025%2F03%2F18%2Fplants-of-the-carribbean-pensoft-at-the-xiii-latin-american-congress-of-botany-in-havana%2F&via=Pensoft" class="twitter-share-button" data-size="large">Tweet</a></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span> <a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/author/pensoft/">Pensoft Editorial Team</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/18/plants-of-the-carribbean-pensoft-at-the-xiii-latin-american-congress-of-botany-in-havana/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-03-18T17:21:47+02:00">March 18, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-03-18T17:21:50+02:00">March 18, 2025</time></a></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/biodiversity-data-journal/" rel="category tag">Biodiversity Data Journal</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/check-list/" rel="category tag">Check List</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/ima-fungus/" rel="category tag">IMA Fungus</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/italian-botanist/" rel="category tag">Italian Botanist</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/mycokeys/" rel="category tag">MycoKeys</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/neotropical-biology-and-conservation/" rel="category tag">Neotropical Biology and Conservation</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/category/phytokeys/" rel="category tag">Phytokeys</a></span><span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/academic-conference/" rel="tag">academic conference</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/botany/" rel="tag">botany</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/cuba/" rel="tag">Cuba</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/latin-america/" rel="tag">Latin America</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/mycology/" rel="tag">mycology</a>, <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/scholarly-publishing/" rel="tag">scholarly publishing</a></span> </footer> </article> <nav class="navigation pagination" aria-label="Posts"> <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Posts navigation</h2> <div class="nav-links"><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/page/2/"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>2</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">…</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/page/150/"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>150</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/page/2/">Next page</a></div> </nav> </main> </div> <aside id="secondary" class="sidebar widget-area"> <section id="search-3" class="widget widget_search"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://blog.pensoft.net/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search for: </span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"><span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span></button> </form> </section><section id="block-5" class="widget widget_block"><div class="jetpack-top-posts has-text-color has-dark-gray-color wp-block-jetpack-top-posts is-list-layout wp-elements-e9d05bae81c45b32b63f3cb211e00582"data-item-count="4"><div class="jetpack-top-posts-wrapper"><div class="jetpack-top-posts-item"><a class="jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail-link" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/03/everything-in-museums-everywhere-all-at-once/"><img decoding="async" class="jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/nhcmblog2.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" alt="Everything (in museums) Everywhere, All at Once"></a><span class="jetpack-top-posts-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/03/everything-in-museums-everywhere-all-at-once/">Everything (in museums) Everywhere, All at Once</a></span></div><div class="jetpack-top-posts-item"><a class="jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail-link" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/01/new-fairy-lantern-flower-discovered-in-malaysia/"><img decoding="async" class="jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/New-Thismia.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" alt="Exquisite but endangered: new 'fairy lantern' flower discovered in Malaysia"></a><span class="jetpack-top-posts-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/01/new-fairy-lantern-flower-discovered-in-malaysia/">Exquisite but endangered: new 'fairy lantern' flower discovered in Malaysia</a></span></div><div class="jetpack-top-posts-item"><a class="jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail-link" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/02/lichens-on-mars/"><img decoding="async" class="jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Mars-lichen.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" alt="Life on Mars? Lichens survive Martian simulation"></a><span class="jetpack-top-posts-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/02/lichens-on-mars/">Life on Mars? Lichens survive Martian simulation</a></span></div><div class="jetpack-top-posts-item"><a class="jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail-link" href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/08/14/celebrating-world-lizard-day-with-amazing-discoveries/"><img decoding="async" class="jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Figure-2-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1" alt="Celebrating World Lizard day with amazing discoveries"></a><span class="jetpack-top-posts-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/08/14/celebrating-world-lizard-day-with-amazing-discoveries/">Celebrating World Lizard day with amazing discoveries</a></span></div></div></div></section><section id="categories-3" class="widget widget_categories"><h2 class="widget-title">Categories</h2><form action="https://blog.pensoft.net" method="get"><label class="screen-reader-text" for="cat">Categories</label><select name='cat' id='cat' class='postform'> <option value='-1'>Select Category</option> <option class="level-0" value="2291">Acta Biologica Sibirica</option> <option class="level-0" value="2554">Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria</option> <option class="level-0" value="1193">Advanced Books</option> <option class="level-0" value="894">African Invertebrates</option> <option class="level-0" value="2316">Alpine Entomology</option> <option class="level-0" value="2235">Arctic Environmental Research</option> <option class="level-0" value="2683">ARPHA Preprints</option> <option class="level-0" value="960">ARPHA Publishing Platform</option> <option class="level-0" value="2499">Article collections</option> <option class="level-0" value="2619">BiCIKL Project</option> <option class="level-0" value="1163">BioDiscovery</option> <option class="level-0" value="2167">Biodiversity data</option> <option class="level-0" value="597">Biodiversity Data Journal</option> <option class="level-0" value="2342">BioRisk</option> <option class="level-0" value="2617">Biosystematics and Ecology</option> <option class="level-0" value="2346">BISS Journal</option> <option class="level-0" value="1287">Check List</option> <option class="level-0" value="2086">Collaborations & integrations</option> <option class="level-0" value="1210">Comparative Cytogenetics</option> <option class="level-0" value="1716">Conference abstracts</option> <option class="level-0" value="2308">Data Publishing</option> <option class="level-0" value="768">Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (DEZ)</option> <option class="level-0" value="3007">eLTER</option> <option class="level-0" value="1471">Evolutionary Systematics</option> <option class="level-0" value="2669">Food and Ecological Systems Modelling Journal (FESMJ)</option> <option class="level-0" value="2692">Fossil Record</option> <option class="level-0" value="3023">Frontiers of Biogeography</option> <option class="level-0" value="2280">Guest Blog Posts</option> <option class="level-0" value="2347">Herpetozoa</option> <option class="level-0" value="3055">IMA Fungus</option> <option class="level-0" value="3046">Individual-based Ecology</option> <option class="level-0" value="2729">Interviews</option> <option class="level-0" value="679">Italian Botanist</option> <option class="level-0" value="712">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</option> <option class="level-0" value="1821">Journal of Orthoptera Research</option> <option class="level-0" value="2593">Journal of Universal Computer Science</option> <option class="level-0" value="1481">Metabarcoding and Metagenomics</option> <option class="level-0" value="565">MycoKeys</option> <option class="level-0" value="3044">Natural History Collections and Museomics</option> <option class="level-0" value="593">Nature Conservation</option> <option class="level-0" value="568">Neobiota</option> <option class="level-0" value="2265">Neotropical Biology and Conservation</option> <option class="level-0" value="2063">New Pensoft journals</option> <option class="level-0" value="1098">Nota Lepidopterologica</option> <option class="level-0" value="767">One Ecosystem</option> <option class="level-0" value="2817">Partnering scientific projects</option> <option class="level-0" value="3084">Pharmacia</option> <option class="level-0" value="551">Phytokeys</option> <option class="level-0" value="2315">Population and Economics</option> <option class="level-0" value="2529">Red List of Taxonomists</option> <option class="level-0" value="2154">Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO Journal)</option> <option class="level-0" value="1880">Research Results in Pharmacology</option> <option class="level-0" value="1801">Rethinking Ecology</option> <option class="level-0" value="2925">Scholarly Publishing</option> <option class="level-0" value="854">Subterranean Biology</option> <option class="level-0" value="2486">Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa”</option> <option class="level-0" value="1">Uncategorized</option> <option class="level-0" value="2331">Vegetation Classification and Survey (VCS)</option> <option class="level-0" value="2293">Vegetation Ecology and Diversity (ex. Plant Sociology)</option> <option class="level-0" value="2557">Viticulture Data Journal</option> <option class="level-0" value="2591">Zitteliana</option> <option class="level-0" value="552">Zookeys</option> <option class="level-0" value="2064">Zoologia</option> <option class="level-0" value="1060">Zoosystematics and Evolution</option> </select> </form><script> (function() { var dropdown = document.getElementById( "cat" ); function onCatChange() { if ( dropdown.options[ dropdown.selectedIndex ].value > 0 ) { dropdown.parentNode.submit(); } } dropdown.onchange = onCatChange; })(); </script> </section><section id="archives-2" class="widget widget_archive"><h2 class="widget-title">Archives</h2> <label class="screen-reader-text" for="archives-dropdown-2">Archives</label> <select id="archives-dropdown-2" name="archive-dropdown"> <option value="">Select Month</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/04/'> April 2025  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/'> March 2025  (15)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/02/'> February 2025  (14)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/01/'> January 2025  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/12/'> December 2024  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/11/'> November 2024  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/10/'> October 2024  (14)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/09/'> September 2024  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/08/'> August 2024  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/07/'> July 2024  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/06/'> June 2024  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/05/'> May 2024  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/04/'> April 2024  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/03/'> March 2024  (14)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/02/'> February 2024  (14)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2024/01/'> January 2024  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/12/'> December 2023  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/11/'> November 2023  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/10/'> October 2023  (17)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/09/'> September 2023  (17)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/08/'> August 2023  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/07/'> July 2023  (11)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/06/'> June 2023  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/05/'> May 2023  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/04/'> April 2023  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/03/'> March 2023  (14)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/02/'> February 2023  (13)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2023/01/'> January 2023  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/12/'> December 2022  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/11/'> November 2022  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/10/'> October 2022  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/09/'> September 2022  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/08/'> August 2022  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/07/'> July 2022  (11)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/06/'> June 2022  (11)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/05/'> May 2022  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/04/'> April 2022  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/03/'> March 2022  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/02/'> February 2022  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2022/01/'> January 2022  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/12/'> December 2021  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/11/'> November 2021  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/10/'> October 2021  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/09/'> September 2021  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/08/'> August 2021  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/07/'> July 2021  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/06/'> June 2021  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/05/'> May 2021  (13)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/04/'> April 2021  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/03/'> March 2021  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/02/'> February 2021  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2021/01/'> January 2021  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/12/'> December 2020  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/11/'> November 2020  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/10/'> October 2020  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/09/'> September 2020  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/08/'> August 2020  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/07/'> July 2020  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/06/'> June 2020  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/05/'> May 2020  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/04/'> April 2020  (17)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/03/'> March 2020  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/02/'> February 2020  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2020/01/'> January 2020  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/12/'> December 2019  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/11/'> November 2019  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/10/'> October 2019  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/08/'> August 2019  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/07/'> July 2019  (11)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/06/'> June 2019  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/05/'> May 2019  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/04/'> April 2019  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/03/'> March 2019  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/02/'> February 2019  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2019/01/'> January 2019  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/12/'> December 2018  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/11/'> November 2018  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/10/'> October 2018  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/09/'> September 2018  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/08/'> August 2018  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/07/'> July 2018  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/06/'> June 2018  (11)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/05/'> May 2018  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/04/'> April 2018  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/03/'> March 2018  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/02/'> February 2018  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2018/01/'> January 2018  (17)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/12/'> December 2017  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/11/'> November 2017  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/10/'> October 2017  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/09/'> September 2017  (11)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/08/'> August 2017  (16)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/07/'> July 2017  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/06/'> June 2017  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/05/'> May 2017  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/04/'> April 2017  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/03/'> March 2017  (18)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/02/'> February 2017  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2017/01/'> January 2017  (18)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/12/'> December 2016  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/11/'> November 2016  (15)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/10/'> October 2016  (19)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/09/'> September 2016  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/08/'> August 2016  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/07/'> July 2016  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/06/'> June 2016  (16)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/05/'> May 2016  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/04/'> April 2016  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/03/'> March 2016  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/02/'> February 2016  (18)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2016/01/'> January 2016  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/12/'> December 2015  (13)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/11/'> November 2015  (11)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/10/'> October 2015  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/09/'> September 2015  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/08/'> August 2015  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/07/'> July 2015  (16)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/06/'> June 2015  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/05/'> May 2015  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/04/'> April 2015  (11)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/03/'> March 2015  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/02/'> February 2015  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2015/01/'> January 2015  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/12/'> December 2014  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/11/'> November 2014  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/10/'> October 2014  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/09/'> September 2014  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/08/'> August 2014  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/07/'> July 2014  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/06/'> June 2014  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/05/'> May 2014  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/04/'> April 2014  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/03/'> March 2014  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/02/'> February 2014  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2014/01/'> January 2014  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/12/'> December 2013  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/11/'> November 2013  (14)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/10/'> October 2013  (19)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/09/'> September 2013  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/08/'> August 2013  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/07/'> July 2013  (14)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/06/'> June 2013  (14)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/05/'> May 2013  (10)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/04/'> April 2013  (18)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/03/'> March 2013  (20)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/02/'> February 2013  (15)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2013/01/'> January 2013  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/12/'> December 2012  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/11/'> November 2012  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/10/'> October 2012  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/09/'> September 2012  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/08/'> August 2012  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/07/'> July 2012  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/06/'> June 2012  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/05/'> May 2012  (7)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/04/'> April 2012  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/03/'> March 2012  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/02/'> February 2012  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2012/01/'> January 2012  (6)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/12/'> December 2011  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/11/'> November 2011  (12)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/10/'> October 2011  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/09/'> September 2011  (8)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/08/'> August 2011  (5)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/07/'> July 2011  (9)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/06/'> June 2011  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/05/'> May 2011  (4)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/04/'> April 2011  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/03/'> March 2011  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/02/'> February 2011  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2011/01/'> January 2011  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2010/12/'> December 2010  (3)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2010/11/'> November 2010  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2010/07/'> July 2010  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2010/05/'> May 2010  (1)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2010/01/'> January 2010  (2)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2009/12/'> December 2009  (1)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2009/11/'> November 2009  (1)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2009/10/'> October 2009  (1)</option> <option value='https://blog.pensoft.net/2009/05/'> May 2009  (1)</option> </select> <script> (function() { var dropdown = document.getElementById( "archives-dropdown-2" ); function onSelectChange() { if ( dropdown.options[ dropdown.selectedIndex ].value !== '' ) { document.location.href = this.options[ this.selectedIndex ].value; } } dropdown.onchange = onSelectChange; })(); </script> </section><section id="email-subscribers-form-2" class="widget widget_email-subscribers-form"><h2 class="widget-title"> SUBSCRIBE VIA EMAIL </h2><div class="emaillist" id="es_form_f1-n1"><form action="/#es_form_f1-n1" method="post" class="es_subscription_form es_shortcode_form es_ajax_subscription_form" id="es_subscription_form_67ef812a1dfac" data-source="ig-es" data-form-id="1"><div class="es_caption">Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.</div><div class="es-field-wrap"><label>Email*<br /><input class="es_required_field es_txt_email ig_es_form_field_email" type="email" name="esfpx_email" value="" placeholder="" required="required" /></label></div><input type="hidden" name="esfpx_lists[]" value="99dd3cf76885" /><input type="hidden" name="esfpx_form_id" value="1" /><input type="hidden" name="es" value="subscribe" /> <input type="hidden" name="esfpx_es_form_identifier" value="f1-n1" /> <input type="hidden" name="esfpx_es_email_page" value="14319" /> <input type="hidden" name="esfpx_es_email_page_url" value="https://blog.pensoft.net/2025/03/18/plants-of-the-carribbean-pensoft-at-the-xiii-latin-american-congress-of-botany-in-havana/" /> <input type="hidden" name="esfpx_status" value="Unconfirmed" /> <input type="hidden" name="esfpx_es-subscribe" id="es-subscribe-67ef812a1dfac" value="e638f53240" /> <label style="position:absolute;top:-99999px;left:-99999px;z-index:-99;" aria-hidden="true"><span hidden>Please leave this field empty.</span><input type="email" name="esfpx_es_hp_email" class="es_required_field" tabindex="-1" autocomplete="-1" value="" /></label><input type="submit" name="submit" class="es_subscription_form_submit es_submit_button es_textbox_button" id="es_subscription_form_submit_67ef812a1dfac" value="Submit" /><span class="es_spinner_image" id="spinner-image"><img src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribers/lite/public/images/spinner.gif" alt="Loading" /></span></form><span class="es_subscription_message " id="es_subscription_message_67ef812a1dfac"></span></div></section><section id="simpletags-shortcode-4" class="widget widget-simpletags-shortcode">  <div class="taxopress-output-wrapper"> Terms Display <div class="st-tag-cloud"> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/plants/" id="tag-link-400" class="st-tags t0" title="37 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">plants</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/fish/" id="tag-link-329" class="st-tags t0" title="24 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">fish</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/hymenoptera/" id="tag-link-136" class="st-tags t0" title="66 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">Hymenoptera</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/environment/" id="tag-link-718" class="st-tags t0" title="30 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">environment</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/evolution/" id="tag-link-172" class="st-tags t0" title="30 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">evolution</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/pensoft/" id="tag-link-151" class="st-tags t0" title="57 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">Pensoft</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/herpetology/" id="tag-link-460" class="st-tags t0" title="46 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">herpetology</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/endangered-species/" id="tag-link-448" class="st-tags t0" title="24 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">Endangered species</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biodiversity-data/" id="tag-link-693" class="st-tags t0" title="58 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">biodiversity data</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/insects/" id="tag-link-286" class="st-tags t0" title="58 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">insects</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/zookeys/" id="tag-link-631" class="st-tags t0" title="34 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">ZooKeys</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/arpha/" id="tag-link-116" class="st-tags t0" title="36 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">ARPHA</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/insect-diversity/" id="tag-link-601" class="st-tags t0" title="27 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">insect diversity</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/ecosystem/" id="tag-link-606" class="st-tags t0" title="27 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">ecosystem</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/lepidoptera/" id="tag-link-157" class="st-tags t0" title="38 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">Lepidoptera</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/entomology/" id="tag-link-180" class="st-tags t2" title="159 topics" style="font-size:10.8pt; color:#a3a3a3;">entomology</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/scholarly-publishing/" id="tag-link-844" class="st-tags t1" title="76 topics" style="font-size:9.4pt; color:#b7b7b7;">scholarly publishing</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biogeography/" id="tag-link-345" class="st-tags t0" title="64 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">biogeography</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/research/" id="tag-link-156" class="st-tags t0" title="25 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">research</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/amphibia/" id="tag-link-38" class="st-tags t0" title="26 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">Amphibia</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/reptiles/" id="tag-link-288" class="st-tags t0" title="34 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">reptiles</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/wasps/" id="tag-link-980" class="st-tags t0" title="26 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">wasps</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/conservation/" id="tag-link-8" class="st-tags t2" title="145 topics" style="font-size:10.8pt; color:#a3a3a3;">conservation</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/nature-conservation/" id="tag-link-514" class="st-tags t0" title="31 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">nature conservation</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/marine-science/" id="tag-link-480" class="st-tags t0" title="25 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">marine science</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/fauna/" id="tag-link-100" class="st-tags t1" title="80 topics" style="font-size:9.4pt; color:#b7b7b7;">fauna</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/flora/" id="tag-link-249" class="st-tags t0" title="24 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">flora</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/botany/" id="tag-link-410" class="st-tags t0" title="57 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">botany</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/taxonomy/" id="tag-link-92" class="st-tags t4" title="249 topics" style="font-size:13.6pt; color:#7a7a7a;">taxonomy</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/natural-history/" id="tag-link-941" class="st-tags t0" title="34 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">natural history</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/citizen-science/" id="tag-link-128" class="st-tags t0" title="28 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">citizen science</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/invasive-species/" id="tag-link-542" class="st-tags t0" title="59 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">invasive species</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/mycology/" id="tag-link-557" class="st-tags t0" title="24 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">mycology</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/academic-publishing/" id="tag-link-428" class="st-tags t0" title="50 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">academic publishing</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/diversity/" id="tag-link-324" class="st-tags t0" title="35 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">diversity</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/spiders/" id="tag-link-774" class="st-tags t0" title="25 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">spiders</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biodiversity/" id="tag-link-69" class="st-tags t10" title="507 topics" style="font-size:22pt; color:#000000;">biodiversity</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/ecology/" id="tag-link-458" class="st-tags t2" title="129 topics" style="font-size:10.8pt; color:#a3a3a3;">ecology</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/new-species/" id="tag-link-419" class="st-tags t4" title="241 topics" style="font-size:13.6pt; color:#7a7a7a;">new species</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/open-access/" id="tag-link-120" class="st-tags t0" title="38 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">open access</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/zoology/" id="tag-link-423" class="st-tags t1" title="87 topics" style="font-size:9.4pt; color:#b7b7b7;">zoology</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/coleoptera/" id="tag-link-377" class="st-tags t0" title="38 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">Coleoptera</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/plant-science/" id="tag-link-1292" class="st-tags t0" title="25 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">plant science</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/open-science/" id="tag-link-707" class="st-tags t0" title="39 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">open science</a> <a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/tag/biology/" id="tag-link-669" class="st-tags t0" title="27 topics" style="font-size:8pt; color:#cccccc;">biology</a> </div> </div> </section><section id="nav_menu-2" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title">Links</h2><nav class="menu-links-container" aria-label="Links"><ul id="menu-links" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-1049" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1049"><a href="http://blog.pensoft.net/wp-login.php">Log In</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1025" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1025"><a href="http://blog.pensoft.net/index.php/feed/">RSS</a></li> </ul></nav></section><section id="block-3" class="widget widget_block widget_text"> <p>All materials published on this blog are distributed under the <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)</a> unless stated otherwise.</p> </section> </aside> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer"> <nav class="main-navigation" aria-label="Footer Primary Menu"> <div class="menu-pensoft-publishers-container"><ul id="menu-pensoft-publishers-1" class="primary-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-item current_page_item menu-item-home menu-item-6738"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net" aria-current="page">Home</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6739"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://pensoft.net">Pensoft Publishers</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> <div class="site-info"> <span class="site-title"><a href="https://blog.pensoft.net/" rel="home">Blog</a></span> <a href="https://wordpress.org/" class="imprint"> Proudly powered by WordPress </a> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <script> const lazyloadRunObserver = () => { const lazyloadBackgrounds = document.querySelectorAll( `.e-con.e-parent:not(.e-lazyloaded)` ); const lazyloadBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver( ( entries ) => { entries.forEach( ( entry ) => { if ( entry.isIntersecting ) { let lazyloadBackground = entry.target; if( lazyloadBackground ) { lazyloadBackground.classList.add( 'e-lazyloaded' ); } lazyloadBackgroundObserver.unobserve( entry.target ); } }); }, { rootMargin: '200px 0px 200px 0px' } ); lazyloadBackgrounds.forEach( ( lazyloadBackground ) => { lazyloadBackgroundObserver.observe( lazyloadBackground ); } ); }; const events = [ 'DOMContentLoaded', 'elementor/lazyload/observe', ]; events.forEach( ( event ) => { document.addEventListener( event, lazyloadRunObserver ); } ); </script> <style id='jetpack-block-slideshow-inline-css'> .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow{margin-bottom:1.5em;position:relative}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow [tabindex="-1"]:focus{outline:0}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.wp-amp-block>.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container{opacity:1}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.wp-amp-block.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow__autoplay .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-play,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.wp-amp-block.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow__autoplay.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow__autoplay-playing .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause{display:block}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.wp-amp-block.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow__autoplay.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow__autoplay-playing .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-play{display:none}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container{opacity:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container.wp-swiper-initialized{opacity:1}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container.swiper-container{display:block}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper{line-height:normal;margin:0;padding:0}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container ul.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper{display:flex}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide{display:flex;height:100%;width:100%}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide figure{align-items:center;display:flex;height:100%;justify-content:center;margin:0;position:relative;width:100%}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide figure .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image{pointer-events:none;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.alignfull .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.alignwide .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image{max-width:unset;object-fit:cover;width:100vw}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .swiper-container-fade .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide:not(.swiper-slide-active){opacity:0!important}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image{display:block;height:auto;max-height:100%;max-width:100%;object-fit:contain;width:auto}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .amp-carousel-button,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-play,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev{background-color:#fff;background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;border:0;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:none;height:30px;margin:-14px 0 0;opacity:.5;padding:0;transition:opacity .5s ease-out;width:28px}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .amp-carousel-button:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .amp-carousel-button:hover,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next:hover,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause:hover,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-play:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-play:hover,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev:hover{background-color:#fff;opacity:1}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .amp-carousel-button:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-play:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev:focus{outline:thin dotted #fff;outline-offset:-4px}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .amp-carousel-button{margin:0}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev{display:none}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .swiper-button-next:after,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .swiper-button-prev:after,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .swiper-container-rtl .swiper-button-next:after,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .swiper-container-rtl .swiper-button-prev:after{content:""}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .amp-carousel-button-next,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .swiper-button-next.swiper-button-white,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.swiper-container-rtl .swiper-button-prev.swiper-button-white,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.swiper-container-rtl .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIyNSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PG1hc2sgaWQ9ImEiIHdpZHRoPSI4IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEyIiB4PSI4IiB5PSI2IiBtYXNrLXR5cGU9ImFscGhhIiBtYXNrVW5pdHM9InVzZXJTcGFjZU9uVXNlIj48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjZmZmIiBkPSJNOC41OTggMTYuNTkgMTMuMTU2IDEyIDguNTk4IDcuNDEgMTAuMDAxIDZsNS45NyA2LTUuOTcgNnoiLz48L21hc2s+PGcgbWFzaz0idXJsKCNhKSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iIzAwMCIgZD0iTS4zNDQgMGgyMy44ODJ2MjRILjM0NHoiLz48L2c+PC9zdmc+)}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .amp-carousel-button-prev,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .swiper-button-prev.swiper-button-white,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.swiper-container-rtl .swiper-button-next.swiper-button-white,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow.swiper-container-rtl .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIyNSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PG1hc2sgaWQ9ImEiIHdpZHRoPSI5IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEyIiB4PSI4IiB5PSI2IiBtYXNrLXR5cGU9ImFscGhhIiBtYXNrVW5pdHM9InVzZXJTcGFjZU9uVXNlIj48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjZmZmIiBkPSJNMTYuMjA3IDE2LjU5IDExLjY1IDEybDQuNTU3LTQuNTlMMTQuODA0IDZsLTUuOTcgNiA1Ljk3IDZ6Ii8+PC9tYXNrPjxnIG1hc2s9InVybCgjYSkiPjxwYXRoIGZpbGw9IiMwMDAiIGQ9Ik0uNTc5IDBoMjMuODgydjI0SC41Nzl6Ii8+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==)}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-play{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24'%3E%3Cpath d='M6 19h4V5H6zm8-14v14h4V5z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='none' d='M0 0h24v24H0z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");display:none;inset-inline-end:10px;margin-top:0;position:absolute;top:10px;z-index:1}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_autoplay-paused .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-play{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24'%3E%3Cpath d='M8 5v14l11-7z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='none' d='M0 0h24v24H0z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow:has(>div[data-autoplay=true]) .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow[data-autoplay=true] .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause{display:block}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption.gallery-caption{background-color:#00000080;bottom:0;box-sizing:border-box;color:#fff;cursor:text;left:0;margin:0!important;max-height:100%;opacity:1;padding:.75em;position:absolute;right:0;text-align:initial;z-index:1}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption.gallery-caption a{color:inherit}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow[data-autoplay=true] .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption.gallery-caption{max-height:calc(100% - 68px)}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-bullets,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-custom{bottom:0;display:flex;gap:8px;justify-content:flex-start;line-height:24px;padding:10px 0 2px;position:relative}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-bullets .swiper-pagination-bullet,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-custom .swiper-pagination-bullet{background:currentColor;color:currentColor;height:8px;opacity:.5;transform:scale(.75);transition:opacity .25s,transform .25s;vertical-align:top;width:8px}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-bullets .swiper-pagination-bullet:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-bullets .swiper-pagination-bullet:hover,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-custom .swiper-pagination-bullet:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-custom .swiper-pagination-bullet:hover{opacity:1}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-bullets .swiper-pagination-bullet:focus,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-custom .swiper-pagination-bullet:focus{outline:thin dotted;outline-offset:0}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-bullets .swiper-pagination-bullet-active,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-bullets .swiper-pagination-bullet[selected],.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-custom .swiper-pagination-bullet-active,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-custom .swiper-pagination-bullet[selected]{background-color:currentColor;opacity:1;transform:scale(1)}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-bullets .swiper-pagination-simple,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.swiper-pagination-custom .swiper-pagination-simple{font-size:14px;line-height:16px;text-align:start;width:100%}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.amp-pagination{text-align:center}.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination.amp-pagination .swiper-pagination-bullet{border:0;border-radius:100%;display:inline-block;margin:0 4px;padding:0}@media(min-width:600px){.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next,.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev{display:block}}.is-email .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container{height:auto;opacity:1;overflow:visible;width:auto}.is-email .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container ul.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper,.is-email .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide figure{display:block;margin-bottom:12px}.is-email .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container ul.wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper,.is-email .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide{list-style:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.is-email .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide{display:inline-block;height:auto;margin-left:2%!important;margin-right:2%!important;vertical-align:top;width:42%}.is-email .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow .wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption.gallery-caption{background-color:#0000;bottom:auto;color:inherit;inset-inline-end:auto;padding-top:0;position:relative} </style> <style id='jetpack-block-top-posts-inline-css'> .wp-block-jetpack-top-posts{margin-bottom:1.5em}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts img{width:100%}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts span{display:block;word-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-list-layout .jetpack-top-posts-item{margin-bottom:1.5em}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout .jetpack-top-posts-wrapper{align-items:flex-start;display:grid;gap:16px 12px;grid:auto/repeat(6,1fr)}@media only screen and (max-width:600px){.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout .jetpack-top-posts-wrapper{display:block}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout .jetpack-top-posts-wrapper .jetpack-top-posts-mock-thumbnail{display:none}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout .jetpack-top-posts-wrapper .jetpack-top-posts-item{margin-bottom:1.5em}}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout .jetpack-top-posts-mock-thumbnail{background-color:#f0f0f0;height:0;padding-bottom:75%;position:relative;width:100%}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout .jetpack-top-posts-thumbnail{aspect-ratio:4/3;height:auto;max-width:100%;object-fit:cover}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout .jetpack-top-posts-item{grid-column:span 2}.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout[data-item-count="2"] .jetpack-top-posts-item,.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout[data-item-count="4"] .jetpack-top-posts-item,.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout[data-item-count="5"] .jetpack-top-posts-item:nth-child(5n),.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout[data-item-count="5"] .jetpack-top-posts-item:nth-child(5n-1),.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout[data-item-count="7"] .jetpack-top-posts-item:nth-child(5n),.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout[data-item-count="7"] .jetpack-top-posts-item:nth-child(5n-1),.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout[data-item-count="7"] .jetpack-top-posts-item:nth-child(7n),.wp-block-jetpack-top-posts.is-grid-layout[data-item-count="7"] .jetpack-top-posts-item:nth-child(7n-1){grid-column:span 3} </style> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'> .wp-block-gallery.wp-block-gallery-1{--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );}.wp-block-gallery.wp-block-gallery-2{--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );}.wp-block-gallery.wp-block-gallery-3{--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );}.wp-block-gallery.wp-block-gallery-4{--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );}.wp-block-gallery.wp-block-gallery-5{--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );gap:var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );}.wp-elements-e9d05bae81c45b32b63f3cb211e00582 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);} </style> <script id="essential-blocks-blocks-localize-js-extra"> var eb_conditional_localize = []; var EssentialBlocksLocalize = {"eb_plugins_url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/essential-blocks\/","image_url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/essential-blocks\/assets\/images","eb_wp_version":"6.5","eb_version":"4.8.3","eb_admin_url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-admin\/","rest_rootURL":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-json\/","ajax_url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nft_nonce":"c2c7a0899f","post_grid_pagination_nonce":"f43a8ae250","placeholder_image":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/essential-blocks\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png","is_pro_active":"false","upgrade_pro_url":"https:\/\/essential-blocks.com\/upgrade","responsiveBreakpoints":{"tablet":1024,"mobile":767}}; </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/essential-blocks/assets/js/eb-blocks-localize.js?ver=4.8.3" id="essential-blocks-blocks-localize-js"></script> <script id="email-subscribers-js-extra"> var es_data = {"messages":{"es_empty_email_notice":"Please enter email address","es_rate_limit_notice":"You need to wait for some time before subscribing again","es_single_optin_success_message":"Successfully Subscribed.","es_email_exists_notice":"Email Address already exists!","es_unexpected_error_notice":"Oops.. Unexpected error occurred.","es_invalid_email_notice":"Invalid email address","es_try_later_notice":"Please try after some time"},"es_ajax_url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribers/lite/public/js/email-subscribers-public.js?ver=5.7.29" id="email-subscribers-js"></script> <script id="wp-polls-js-extra"> var pollsL10n = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","text_wait":"Your last request is still being processed. Please wait a while ...","text_valid":"Please choose a valid poll answer.","text_multiple":"Maximum number of choices allowed: ","show_loading":"1","show_fading":"1"}; </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/polls-js.js?ver=2.77.2" id="wp-polls-js"></script> <script id="eael-general-js-extra"> var localize = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"683d3732d2","i18n":{"added":"Added ","compare":"Compare","loading":"Loading..."},"eael_translate_text":{"required_text":"is a required field","invalid_text":"Invalid","billing_text":"Billing","shipping_text":"Shipping","fg_mfp_counter_text":"of"},"page_permalink":"https:\/\/blog.pensoft.net\/2025\/04\/03\/more-than-20-journals-published-by-pensoft-with-their-own-hosted-data-portals-on-gbif-to-streamline-and-fair-ify-biodiversity-research\/","cart_redirectition":"","cart_page_url":"","el_breakpoints":{"mobile":{"label":"Mobile Portrait","value":767,"default_value":767,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"mobile_extra":{"label":"Mobile Landscape","value":880,"default_value":880,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"tablet":{"label":"Tablet Portrait","value":1024,"default_value":1024,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"tablet_extra":{"label":"Tablet Landscape","value":1200,"default_value":1200,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"laptop":{"label":"Laptop","value":1366,"default_value":1366,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"widescreen":{"label":"Widescreen","value":2400,"default_value":2400,"direction":"min","is_enabled":false}}}; </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/essential-addons-for-elementor-lite/assets/front-end/js/view/general.min.js?ver=5.9.27" id="eael-general-js"></script> <script src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202514.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"113296634\",\"post\":\"0\",\"tz\":\"3\",\"srv\":\"blog.pensoft.net\",\"j\":\"1:13.7.1\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "113296634", "0" ]); </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js?ver=6.5.5" id="wp-embed-js" defer data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script id="twitter-wjs-js-extra"> window.twttr=(function(w){t=w.twttr||{};t._e=[];t.ready=function(f){t._e.push(f);};return t;}(window)); </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="twitter-wjs" async defer src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/trinity-audio/js/the_content-hook-script.js?ver=6.5.5" id="the_content-hook-script-js"></script> <script id="the_content-hook-script-js-after"> console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); console.debug('TRINITY_WP', 'Skip player from rendering', 'is single: , is main loop: 1, is main query: 1', 'TS: 2025-04-04 06:50:17'); </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill-inert.min.js?ver=3.1.2" id="wp-polyfill-inert-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/regenerator-runtime.min.js?ver=0.14.0" id="regenerator-runtime-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script id="jetpack-blocks-assets-base-url-js-before"> var Jetpack_Block_Assets_Base_Url="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/blocks/"; </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/dist/escape-html.min.js?ver=6561a406d2d232a6fbd2" id="wp-escape-html-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script id="wp-i18n-js-after"> wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); </script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/blocks/slideshow/view.js?minify=false&ver=13.7.1" id="jetpack-block-slideshow-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.pensoft.net/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/blocks/top-posts/view.js?minify=false&ver=13.7.1" id="jetpack-block-top-posts-js"></script> </body> </html>