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id="toc-Resignation_of_Shinzo_Abe_and_election_of_Yoshihide_Suga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resignation_of_Shinzo_Abe_and_election_of_Yoshihide_Suga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Resignation of Shinzo Abe and election of Yoshihide Suga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resignation_of_Shinzo_Abe_and_election_of_Yoshihide_Suga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opposition_party_consolidation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition_party_consolidation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Opposition party consolidation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_party_consolidation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suga's_popularity_falls_and_cabinet_failure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suga's_popularity_falls_and_cabinet_failure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Suga's popularity falls and cabinet failure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suga's_popularity_falls_and_cabinet_failure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tokyo_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_COVID-19_surge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tokyo_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_COVID-19_surge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics and COVID-19 surge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tokyo_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_COVID-19_surge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021_LDP_presidential_election_and_resignation_of_Suga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021_LDP_presidential_election_and_resignation_of_Suga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>2021 LDP presidential election and resignation of Suga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021_LDP_presidential_election_and_resignation_of_Suga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opposition_forms_common_policy_platform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition_forms_common_policy_platform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Opposition forms common policy platform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_forms_common_policy_platform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_then_withdrawal_of_First_no_Kai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_then_withdrawal_of_First_no_Kai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Formation then withdrawal of First no Kai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_then_withdrawal_of_First_no_Kai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_date" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_date"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Election date</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Election_date-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Election date subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Election_date-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Previous_considerations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Previous_considerations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Previous considerations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Previous_considerations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Electoral system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_parties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_parties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Political parties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_parties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_manifestos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_manifestos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Party manifestos</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Party_manifestos-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Party manifestos subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Party_manifestos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Liberal_Democratic_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liberal_Democratic_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Liberal Democratic Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liberal_Democratic_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Constitutional_Democratic_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constitutional_Democratic_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Constitutional Democratic Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constitutional_Democratic_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komeito" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komeito"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Komeito</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komeito-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese_Communist_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese_Communist_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Japanese Communist Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_Communist_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Nippon Ishin no Kai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opinion_polls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opinion_polls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Opinion polls</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opinion_polls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Candidates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Results</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-By_prefecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_prefecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>By prefecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_prefecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_PR_block" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_PR_block"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>By PR block</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_PR_block-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party-list_vote_by_prefecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party-list_vote_by_prefecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Party-list vote by prefecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party-list_vote_by_prefecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Reactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 Japanese general election</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_2021" title="الانتخابات العامة اليابانية 2021 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الانتخابات العامة اليابانية 2021" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleccions_generals_japoneses_de_2021" title="Eleccions generals japoneses de 2021 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eleccions generals japoneses de 2021" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C5%ABgiin-Wahl_2021" title="Shūgiin-Wahl 2021 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Shūgiin-Wahl 2021" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82_2021" title="Ιαπωνικές γενικές εκλογές 2021 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιαπωνικές γενικές εκλογές 2021" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecciones_generales_de_Jap%C3%B3n_de_2021" title="Elecciones generales de Japón de 2021 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elecciones generales de Japón de 2021" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86_(%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B2%DB%B1)" title="انتخابات سراسری ژاپن (۲۰۲۱) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتخابات سراسری ژاپن (۲۰۲۱)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lections_l%C3%A9gislatives_japonaises_de_2021" title="Élections législatives japonaises de 2021 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élections législatives japonaises de 2021" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C49%ED%9A%8C_%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8_%EC%A4%91%EC%9D%98%EC%9B%90_%EC%9D%98%EC%9B%90_%EC%B4%9D%EC%84%A0%EA%B1%B0" title="제49회 일본 중의원 의원 총선거 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제49회 일본 중의원 의원 총선거" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezioni_parlamentari_in_Giappone_del_2021" title="Elezioni parlamentari in Giappone del 2021 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elezioni parlamentari in Giappone del 2021" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F_2021" title="הבחירות הכלליות ביפן 2021 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבחירות הכלליות ביפן 2021" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021-es_jap%C3%A1n_k%C3%A9pvisel%C5%91h%C3%A1zi_v%C3%A1laszt%C3%A1sok" title="2021-es japán képviselőházi választások – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="2021-es japán képviselőházi választások" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilihan_raya_umum_Jepun_2021" title="Pilihan raya umum Jepun 2021 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pilihan raya umum Jepun 2021" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC49%E5%9B%9E%E8%A1%86%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%AD%B0%E5%93%A1%E7%B7%8F%E9%81%B8%E6%8C%99" title="第49回衆議院議員総選挙 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第49回衆議院議員総選挙" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_(2021)" title="Парламентские выборы в Японии (2021) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парламентские выборы в Японии (2021)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Japanese_general_election" title="2021 Japanese general election – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="2021 Japanese general election" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanin_parlamenttivaalit_2021" title="Japanin parlamenttivaalit 2021 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Japanin parlamenttivaalit 2021" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_tuy%E1%BB%83n_c%E1%BB%AD_Nh%E1%BA%ADt_B%E1%BA%A3n_2021" title="Tổng tuyển cử Nhật Bản 2021 – 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1247979735">.mw-parser-output .ib-election{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-label{width:5em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:300px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">2021 Japanese general election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/75px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/100px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2017_Japanese_general_election" title="2017 Japanese general election">2017</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>31 October 2021</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2024_Japanese_general_election" title="2024 Japanese general election">2024</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/Representatives_elected_in_the_Japanese_general_election,_2017" class="mw-redirect" title="Representatives elected in the Japanese general election, 2017">outgoing members</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/Representatives_elected_in_the_Japanese_general_election,_2021" class="mw-redirect" title="Representatives elected in the Japanese general election, 2021">elected members</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />All 465 seats in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Representatives of Japan">House of Representatives</a><br />233 seats needed for a majority</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2021 Japanese general election">Opinion polls</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">55.98% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2.30pp; Const. votes)<br />55.97% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2.29pp; PR votes)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">First party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Second party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Third party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #3CA324;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -4px; left: -4px; width: 135px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fumio_Kishida_20211005_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Fumio Kishida 20211004.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped%29.jpg/203px-Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped%29.jpg/270px-Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1452" data-file-height="1937" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #00469C;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 125px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yukio_Edano_In_front_of_Tenjin_Twin_Building_(2020.10.18)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Yukio Edano In front of Tenjin Twin Building (2020.10.18) (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Yukio_Edano_In_front_of_Tenjin_Twin_Building_%282020.10.18%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/125px-Yukio_Edano_In_front_of_Tenjin_Twin_Building_%282020.10.18%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Yukio_Edano_In_front_of_Tenjin_Twin_Building_%282020.10.18%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/188px-Yukio_Edano_In_front_of_Tenjin_Twin_Building_%282020.10.18%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Yukio_Edano_In_front_of_Tenjin_Twin_Building_%282020.10.18%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Yukio_Edano_In_front_of_Tenjin_Twin_Building_%282020.10.18%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1086" data-file-height="1448" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #B8CE43;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -2px; left: -12px; width: 148px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui_20130627.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ichirō_Matsui_20130627.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui_20130627.jpg/148px-Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui_20130627.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui_20130627.jpg/222px-Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui_20130627.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui_20130627.jpg/296px-Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui_20130627.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1085" data-file-height="1447" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Yukio_Edano" title="Yukio Edano">Yukio Edano</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui" title="Ichirō Matsui">Ichirō Matsui</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">CDP</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Ishin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Last election </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">284 seats </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><i>Did not exist</i> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">11 seats </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>259</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">96 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">41 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>25 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><i>New</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>30 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Constituency vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>27,626,235</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">17,215,621 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">4,802,793 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">% and swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>48.08%</b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.26pp) </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">29.96% (<i>New</i>) </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">8.36% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>5.18pp) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Regional vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>19,914,883</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">11,492,115 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">8,050,830 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">% and swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>34.66%</b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.38pp) </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">20.00% (<i>New</i>) </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">14.01% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>7.94pp) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">Fourth party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Fifth party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Sixth party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #F95580;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -6px; width: 140px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Natsuo_Yamaguchi_20220929.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Natsuo Yamaguchi 20220929.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Natsuo_Yamaguchi_20220929.jpg/140px-Natsuo_Yamaguchi_20220929.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Natsuo_Yamaguchi_20220929.jpg/210px-Natsuo_Yamaguchi_20220929.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Natsuo_Yamaguchi_20220929.jpg/280px-Natsuo_Yamaguchi_20220929.jpg 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="562" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #FFBA00;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 130px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Y%C5%ABichir%C5%8D_Tamaki_2025-02-08(4)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Yūichirō Tamaki 2025-02-08(4) (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Y%C5%ABichir%C5%8D_Tamaki_2025-02-08%284%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/130px-Y%C5%ABichir%C5%8D_Tamaki_2025-02-08%284%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Y%C5%ABichir%C5%8D_Tamaki_2025-02-08%284%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/195px-Y%C5%ABichir%C5%8D_Tamaki_2025-02-08%284%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Y%C5%ABichir%C5%8D_Tamaki_2025-02-08%284%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-Y%C5%ABichir%C5%8D_Tamaki_2025-02-08%284%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1959" data-file-height="2612" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #DB001C;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 130px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kazuo_Shii_2024-10-26(1)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Kazuo Shii 2024-10-26(1) (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Kazuo_Shii_2024-10-26%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/130px-Kazuo_Shii_2024-10-26%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Kazuo_Shii_2024-10-26%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/195px-Kazuo_Shii_2024-10-26%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Kazuo_Shii_2024-10-26%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-Kazuo_Shii_2024-10-26%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1915" data-file-height="2554" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Natsuo_Yamaguchi" title="Natsuo Yamaguchi">Natsuo Yamaguchi</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Yuichiro_Tamaki" title="Yuichiro Tamaki">Yuichiro Tamaki</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Shii" title="Kazuo Shii">Kazuo Shii</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Komeito" title="Komeito">Komeito</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">DPP</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">JCP</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Last election </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">29 seats </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><i>New party</i> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">12 seats </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">32 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">11 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">10 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><i>New</i> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Constituency vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">872,931 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">1,246,812 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">2,639,631 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">% and swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">1.52% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.02pp) </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">2.17% (<i>New</i>) </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">4.59% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>4.43pp) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Regional vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">7,114,282 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">2,593,396 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">4,166,076 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">% and swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">12.38% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.13pp) </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">4.51% (<i>New</i>) </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">7.25% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.65pp) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japanese_House_of_Representatives_election.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/2021_Japanese_House_of_Representatives_election.svg/400px-2021_Japanese_House_of_Representatives_election.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="457" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/2021_Japanese_House_of_Representatives_election.svg/600px-2021_Japanese_House_of_Representatives_election.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/2021_Japanese_House_of_Representatives_election.svg/800px-2021_Japanese_House_of_Representatives_election.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a></span><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Districts_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Districts of the House of Representatives of Japan">Districts and PR districts</a>, shaded according to winners' vote strength</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a> before election</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a> </p> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;"><b>Elected <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a></b> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Japan" title="Category:Politics of Japan">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Japan" title="Politics of Japan">Politics of Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/125px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/188px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/250px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Japan" title="Constitution of Japan">Constitution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Japan" title="Law of Japan">Laws</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Japan" title="Constitution of Japan">Constitution of Japan (1947–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meiji_Constitution" title="Meiji Constitution">Meiji Constitution (1890–1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Japan" title="Law of Japan">Laws</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">The Monarchy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">The Emperor</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_emperors_of_Japan" title="List of emperors of Japan">List</a>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> </p><p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Japanese_Crown_Prince.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Crown_Prince.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Crown_Prince.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Crown_Prince.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Crown_Prince.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Crown_Prince.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Crown_Prince.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Japanese_throne" title="Succession to the Japanese throne">Crown Prince</a></b></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Fumihito,_Crown_Prince_of_Japan" title="Fumihito, Crown Prince of Japan">Fumihito</a> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_House_of_Japan" title="Imperial House of Japan">Imperial House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum_Throne" title="Chrysanthemum Throne">Chrysanthemum Throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Japanese_throne" title="Succession to the Japanese throne">Imperial Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Household_Agency" title="Imperial Household Agency">Imperial Household Agency</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Japan" title="Government of Japan">Government</a></b></li></ul> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg/30px-Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg/45px-Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg/60px-Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="188" /></a></span> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Japan" title="List of prime ministers of Japan">List</a>)<br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a>)<br /> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Japan" title="Cabinet of Japan">Cabinet</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_cabinets" title="List of Japanese cabinets">List</a>)<br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Second_Ishiba_Cabinet" title="Second Ishiba Cabinet">Second Ishiba Cabinet</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a>–<a href="/wiki/Komeito" title="Komeito">Komeito</a> <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition</a>)<br /> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministries_of_Japan" title="Ministries of Japan">Ministries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Administrative_Institution" title="Independent Administrative Institution">Administrative Agencies</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Legislature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/National_Diet" title="National Diet">National Diet</a></b></li></ul> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Go-shichi_no_kiri_crest_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Go-shichi_no_kiri_crest_2.svg/20px-Go-shichi_no_kiri_crest_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Go-shichi_no_kiri_crest_2.svg/30px-Go-shichi_no_kiri_crest_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Go-shichi_no_kiri_crest_2.svg/40px-Go-shichi_no_kiri_crest_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="231" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">House of Representatives</a></b></li></ul> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jap%C3%B3n_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Jap%C3%B3n_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_2021.svg/50px-Jap%C3%B3n_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Jap%C3%B3n_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_2021.svg/75px-Jap%C3%B3n_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Jap%C3%B3n_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_2021.svg/100px-Jap%C3%B3n_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives (Japan)">Speaker</a></b></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Fukushiro_Nukaga" title="Fukushiro Nukaga">Fukushiro Nukaga</a> </p> <ul><li><b>Vice Speaker</b></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Genba" title="Kōichirō Genba">Kōichirō Genba</a> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Councillors" title="House of Councillors">House of Councillors</a></b></li></ul> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_House_of_Councillors_seat_composition_2022.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Japan_House_of_Councillors_seat_composition_2022.svg/50px-Japan_House_of_Councillors_seat_composition_2022.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Japan_House_of_Councillors_seat_composition_2022.svg/75px-Japan_House_of_Councillors_seat_composition_2022.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Japan_House_of_Councillors_seat_composition_2022.svg/100px-Japan_House_of_Councillors_seat_composition_2022.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_House_of_Councillors" title="President of the House of Councillors">President</a> </b></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Masakazu_Sekiguchi" title="Masakazu Sekiguchi">Masakazu Sekiguchi</a> </p> <ul><li><b>Vice President</b></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Hiroyuki_Nagahama" title="Hiroyuki Nagahama">Hiroyuki Nagahama</a><br /> </p> <hr /></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_Japan" title="Judicial system of Japan">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Japan" title="Supreme Court of Japan">Supreme Court</a></b><br /></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Japan" title="Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Japan">Chief Justice</a></b></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Yukihiko_Imasaki" title="Yukihiko Imasaki">Yukihiko Imasaki</a> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Japan" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of Japan">Justices of the Supreme Court</a></b></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_Property_High_Court" title="Intellectual Property High Court">Intellectual Property High Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Japan" title="Bank of Japan">Bank of Japan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><b>Governor</b></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ueda" title="Kazuo Ueda">Kazuo Ueda</a> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_yen" title="Japanese yen">Japanese yen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_Japanese_yen" title="Banknotes of the Japanese yen">Banknotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_yen#Coins" title="Japanese yen">Coins</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Japan" title="Elections in Japan">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Japan" title="List of districts of the House of Representatives of Japan">List of districts of the House of Representatives of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_the_House_of_Councillors_of_Japan" title="List of districts of the House of Councillors of Japan">List of districts of the House of Councillors of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_House_of_Councillors_national_proportional_representation_block" title="Japanese House of Councillors national proportional representation block">Japanese House of Councillors national proportional representation block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Japan" title="List of political parties in Japan">Political parties</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Japanese general elections</b></div> <hr /> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1890_Japanese_general_election" title="1890 Japanese general election">1890</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1892_Japanese_general_election" title="1892 Japanese general election">1892</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/March_1894_Japanese_general_election" title="March 1894 Japanese general election">1894 (Mar)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/September_1894_Japanese_general_election" title="September 1894 Japanese general election">1894 (Sep)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/March_1898_Japanese_general_election" title="March 1898 Japanese general election">1898 (Mar)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/August_1898_Japanese_general_election" title="August 1898 Japanese general election">1898 (Aug)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1902_Japanese_general_election" title="1902 Japanese general election">1902</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1903_Japanese_general_election" title="1903 Japanese general election">1903</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1904_Japanese_general_election" title="1904 Japanese general election">1904</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1908_Japanese_general_election" title="1908 Japanese general election">1908</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1912_Japanese_general_election" title="1912 Japanese general election">1912</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1915_Japanese_general_election" title="1915 Japanese general election">1915</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1917_Japanese_general_election" title="1917 Japanese general election">1917</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Japanese_general_election" title="1920 Japanese general election">1920</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Japanese_general_election" title="1924 Japanese general election">1924</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1928_Japanese_general_election" title="1928 Japanese general election">1928</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1930_Japanese_general_election" title="1930 Japanese general election">1930</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Japanese_general_election" title="1932 Japanese general election">1932</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1936_Japanese_general_election" title="1936 Japanese general election">1936</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1937_Japanese_general_election" title="1937 Japanese general election">1937</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1942_Japanese_general_election" title="1942 Japanese general election">1942</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1946_Japanese_general_election" title="1946 Japanese general election">1946</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1947_Japanese_general_election" title="1947 Japanese general election">1947</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1949_Japanese_general_election" title="1949 Japanese general election">1949</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1952_Japanese_general_election" title="1952 Japanese general election">1952</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1953_Japanese_general_election" title="1953 Japanese general election">1953</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1955_Japanese_general_election" title="1955 Japanese general election">1955</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1958_Japanese_general_election" title="1958 Japanese general election">1958</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Japanese_general_election" title="1960 Japanese general election">1960</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1963_Japanese_general_election" title="1963 Japanese general election">1963</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1967_Japanese_general_election" title="1967 Japanese general election">1967</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1969_Japanese_general_election" title="1969 Japanese general election">1969</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Japanese_general_election" title="1972 Japanese general election">1972</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Japanese_general_election" title="1976 Japanese general election">1976</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1979_Japanese_general_election" title="1979 Japanese general election">1979</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Japanese_general_election" title="1980 Japanese general election">1980</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1983_Japanese_general_election" title="1983 Japanese general election">1983</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1986_Japanese_general_election" title="1986 Japanese general election">1986</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Japanese_general_election" title="1990 Japanese general election">1990</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1993_Japanese_general_election" title="1993 Japanese general election">1993</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Japanese_general_election" title="1996 Japanese general election">1996</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Japanese_general_election" title="2000 Japanese general election">2000</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2003_Japanese_general_election" title="2003 Japanese general election">2003</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2005_Japanese_general_election" title="2005 Japanese general election">2005</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2009_Japanese_general_election" title="2009 Japanese general election">2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Japanese_general_election" title="2012 Japanese general election">2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Japanese_general_election" title="2014 Japanese general election">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Japanese_general_election" title="2017 Japanese general election">2017</a></li><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Japanese_general_election" title="2024 Japanese general election">2024</a></li></ul></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Japanese House of Councillors elections</b></div> <hr /> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1947_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1947 Japanese House of Councillors election">1947</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1950_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1950 Japanese House of Councillors election">1950</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1953_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1953 Japanese House of Councillors election">1953</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1956 Japanese House of Councillors election">1956</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1959_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1959 Japanese House of Councillors election">1959</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1962_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1962 Japanese House of Councillors election">1962</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1965_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1965 Japanese House of Councillors election">1965</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1968 Japanese House of Councillors election">1968</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1971_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1971 Japanese House of Councillors election">1971</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1974_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1974 Japanese House of Councillors election">1974</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1977_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1977 Japanese House of Councillors election">1977</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1980 Japanese House of Councillors election">1980</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1983_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1983 Japanese House of Councillors election">1983</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1986_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1986 Japanese House of Councillors election">1986</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1989_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1989 Japanese House of Councillors election">1989</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1992 Japanese House of Councillors election">1992</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1995_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1995 Japanese House of Councillors election">1995</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1998_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1998 Japanese House of Councillors election">1998</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2001_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2001 Japanese House of Councillors election">2001</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2004 Japanese House of Councillors election">2004</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2007_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2007 Japanese House of Councillors election">2007</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2010 Japanese House of Councillors election">2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2013_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2013 Japanese House of Councillors election">2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2016 Japanese House of Councillors election">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2019 Japanese House of Councillors election">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2022 Japanese House of Councillors election">2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2025_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2025 Japanese House of Councillors election"><i>2025</i></a></li></ul></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Unified local elections</b></div> <hr /> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2007_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2007 Japanese unified local elections">2007</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2011 Japanese unified local elections">2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2015 Japanese unified local elections">2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2019 Japanese unified local elections">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2023 Japanese unified local elections">2023</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Japan" title="Administrative divisions of Japan">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">Prefectures</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_(Japan)" title="Governor (Japan)">Governors</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Japanese_governors" title="List of current Japanese governors">List</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subprefectures_of_Japan" title="Subprefectures of Japan">Subprefectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Japan" title="Districts of Japan">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Japan" title="Municipalities of Japan">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wards_of_Japan" title="Wards of Japan">Submunicipalities</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Japan" title="Foreign relations of Japan">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Japan" title="Foreign policy of Japan">Foreign policy</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Japanese_foreign_relations" title="History of Japanese foreign relations">history</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Japan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Japan">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Japan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Japan">in Japan</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_passport" title="Japanese passport">Japanese passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Japanese_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Japanese citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Japan" title="Visa policy of Japan">Visa policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Algeria–Japan relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Angola–Japan relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Djibouti–Japan relations">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Egypt–Japan relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ethiopia–Japan relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Kenya_relations" title="Japan–Kenya relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Namibia_relations" title="Japan–Namibia relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Nigeria_relations" title="Japan–Nigeria relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="Japan–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Japan–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Argentina–Japan relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Barbados–Japan relations">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bolivia–Japan relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Brazil–Japan relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Canada–Japan relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Chile–Japan relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Colombia–Japan relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ecuador–Japan relations">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Japan–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Paraguay_relations" title="Japan–Paraguay relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Japan–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Trinidad_and_Tobago_relations" title="Japan–Trinidad and Tobago relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Japan–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Japan–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Japan–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Afghanistan–Japan relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Armenia–Japan relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Japan relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bahrain–Japan relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Japan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bhutan–Japan relations">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Brunei–Japan relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Cambodia–Japan relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="China–Japan relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Japan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timor–Japan relations">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Georgia–Japan relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="India–Japan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Indonesia–Japan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Iran–Japan relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Israel–Japan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Laos_relations" title="Japan–Laos relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Japan–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Maldives_relations" title="Japan–Maldives relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mongolia_relations" title="Japan–Mongolia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan-Myanmar_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan-Myanmar relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Nepal_relations" title="Japan–Nepal relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Japan–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Japan–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Japan–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Japan–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Japan–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Japan–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Japan–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Japan–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Japan–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Japan–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Japan–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Japan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Japan–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Albania–Japan relations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Austria–Japan relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Belgium–Japan relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Croatia–Japan relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Japan relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Denmark–Japan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="France–Japan relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Germany–Japan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Greece–Japan relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Hungary–Japan relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Holy See–Japan relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Iceland–Japan relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ireland–Japan relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Italy–Japan relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" title="Japan–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Lithuania_relations" title="Japan–Lithuania relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Malta_relations" title="Japan–Malta relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Montenegro_relations" title="Japan–Montenegro relations">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Japan–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Japan–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Japan–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Japan–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Japan–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Japan–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="Japan–Sweden relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Japan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Japan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Australia–Japan relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Fiji–Japan relations">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="Japan–New Zealand relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Palau_relations" title="Japan–Palau relations">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Tonga_relations" title="Japan–Tonga relations">Tonga</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_foreign_policy_on_Africa" title="Japanese foreign policy on Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Arab_League_relations" title="Japan–Arab League relations">Arab world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Latin_America_relations" title="Japan–Latin America relations">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Oceania_relations" title="Japan–Oceania relations">Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_foreign_policy_on_Southeast_Asia" title="Japanese foreign policy on Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Japan–European Union relations">European Union</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Japan and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Seven">G7</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/48px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/64px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Japan" title="Portal:Japan">Japan portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Japan" title="Template:Politics of Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Japan" title="Template talk:Politics of Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>General elections were held in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> on 31 October 2021,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as required by the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Japan" title="Constitution of Japan">constitution</a>. Voting took place in all <a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Japan" title="List of districts of the House of Representatives of Japan">constituencies</a> in order to elect <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Diet_of_Japan" title="List of members of the Diet of Japan">members</a> to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">House of Representatives</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">lower house</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Diet of Japan">National Diet</a>. As the constitution requires the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Japan" title="Cabinet of Japan">cabinet</a> to resign in the first Diet session after a general election, the elections will also lead to a new <a href="/wiki/Election_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Election of the Prime Minister of Japan">election for Prime Minister</a> in the Diet, and the appointment of a new cabinet, although ministers may be re-appointed. The election was the first general election of the <a href="/wiki/Reiwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Reiwa">Reiwa</a> era. </p><p>The election followed a tumultuous period in Japanese politics which saw the sudden resignation of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">Shinzo Abe</a> in 2020 due to health issues and the short premiership of his successor <a href="/wiki/Yoshihide_Suga" title="Yoshihide Suga">Yoshihide Suga</a>, who stepped down as leader of the ruling <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a> (LDP) after only about a year in office due to poor approval ratings. The period since the <a href="/wiki/2017_Japanese_general_election" title="2017 Japanese general election">previous general election</a> in 2017 also saw the consolidation of much of the country's centre-left into a newly strengthened <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">Constitutional Democratic Party</a> (CDP) and the forming of the <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">left-wing populist</a> party <a href="/wiki/Reiwa_Shinsengumi" title="Reiwa Shinsengumi">Reiwa Shinsengumi</a> led by former actor <a href="/wiki/Taro_Yamamoto" title="Taro Yamamoto">Taro Yamamoto</a>. </p><p>The LDP, led by new Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a>, maintained a comfortable majority despite losing seats.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The primary two left-wing opposition parties, the CDP and the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">Japanese Communist Party</a>, both underperformed expectations and lost seats relative to their standings in the chamber immediately before the election; this occurred despite both parties cooperating in a significant electoral alliance to avoid <a href="/wiki/Vote_splitting" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote splitting">vote splitting</a>. The CDP's poor results led to the resignation of party leader <a href="/wiki/Yukio_Edano" title="Yukio Edano">Yukio Edano</a> shortly after the election. The Osaka-based conservative party <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Ishin no Kai</a> gained 30 seats, becoming the third-largest party in the chamber. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/2017_Japanese_general_election" title="2017 Japanese general election">2017 general election</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a> (LDP) continued to find itself in a dominant position as Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">Shinzo Abe</a> led the party to a third consecutive victory, the first for a single Prime Minister since 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the LDP's strong showing seemed to suggest momentum for Abe's long-held goal of revising the anti-war <a href="/wiki/Article_9_of_the_Japanese_Constitution" title="Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution">Article 9</a> of the Constitution, the prospect for revision was thwarted due to procedural obstacles in the Diet from opposition parties and the ruling coalition losing its two-thirds majority in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Councillors" title="House of Councillors">House of Councillors</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2019 Japanese House of Councillors election">2019 election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resignation_of_Shinzo_Abe_and_election_of_Yoshihide_Suga">Resignation of Shinzo Abe and election of Yoshihide Suga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Resignation of Shinzo Abe and election of Yoshihide Suga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abe_Bowing_Resignation_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Abe_Bowing_Resignation_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Abe_Bowing_Resignation_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Abe_Bowing_Resignation_%28cropped%29.jpg/360px-Abe_Bowing_Resignation_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Abe_Bowing_Resignation_%28cropped%29.jpg/480px-Abe_Bowing_Resignation_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="1313" /></a><figcaption>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">Shinzo Abe</a> announced his resignation in August 2020; he resigned on 16 September, 2020.</figcaption></figure> <p>Abe's approval ratings suffered in 2018 as several favoritism scandals dominated media coverage. However, he was still <a href="/wiki/2018_Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)_presidential_election" title="2018 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) presidential election">re-elected</a> as President of the LDP in September 2018 and became the longest-serving Prime Minister in Japanese history on 19 November 2019 and the longest-serving consecutive Prime Minister on 24 August 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Abe shocked observers when he announced on 28 August 2020 that he would resign the premiership due to a sudden resurgence of his <a href="/wiki/Ulcerative_colitis" title="Ulcerative colitis">ulcerative colitis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chief Cabinet Secretary <a href="/wiki/Yoshihide_Suga" title="Yoshihide Suga">Yoshihide Suga</a> was <a href="/wiki/2020_Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)_presidential_election" title="2020 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) presidential election">elected</a> the next President of the LDP in September 2020 and succeeded Abe as Prime Minister days later.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_party_consolidation">Opposition party consolidation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Opposition party consolidation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Meanwhile, Japan's many opposition parties remained fractured and disunited. The <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">Constitutional Democratic Party</a>, seeking to establish itself as the primary centre-left opposition party against the LDP, merged with majorities of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">Democratic Party For the People</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Social Democratic Party (Japan)">Social Democratic Party</a> as well as several independent lawmakers in late 2020, officially re-organizing as a new party while retaining the same name and <a href="/wiki/Yukio_Edano" title="Yukio Edano">Yukio Edano</a> as leader.<sup id="cite_ref-EdanoElection_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdanoElection-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tokyo Governor <a href="/wiki/Yuriko_Koike" title="Yuriko Koike">Yuriko Koike</a>'s national party <a href="/wiki/Kib%C5%8D_no_T%C5%8D" title="Kibō no Tō">Kibō no Tō</a> was dissolved in May 2018 after it merged with the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Japan,_2016)" title="Democratic Party (Japan, 2016)">Democratic Party</a> to form the Democratic Party For the People, while Koike herself was re-elected in a landslide in <a href="/wiki/2020_Tokyo_gubernatorial_election" title="2020 Tokyo gubernatorial election">2020</a> as an independent.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The period since 2017 also saw the creation of <a href="/wiki/Reiwa_Shinsengumi" title="Reiwa Shinsengumi">Reiwa Shinsengumi</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">left-wing populist</a> party formed by former actor <a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_Yamamoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarō Yamamoto">Taro Yamamoto</a>, whose central policy position is abolition of the consumption tax.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suga's_popularity_falls_and_cabinet_failure"><span id="Suga.27s_popularity_falls_and_cabinet_failure"></span>Suga's popularity falls and cabinet failure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Suga's popularity falls and cabinet failure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While beginning office relatively popular, Prime Minister Suga's approval ratings gradually worsened due to public dissatisfaction over his handling of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Japan">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, including Japan's slow <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine" title="COVID-19 vaccine">vaccine rollout</a> compared to the rest of the developed world, and his management of the delayed <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">2020 Tokyo Olympic</a> and <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Paralympics" title="2020 Summer Paralympics">Paralympic Games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The LDP lost three Diet by-elections in April 2021 and also failed to win an outright majority in the <a href="/wiki/2021_Tokyo_prefectural_election" title="2021 Tokyo prefectural election">Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly election</a> in July despite winning the most seats. Analysts attributed the losses to Suga's low approval ratings.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tokyo_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_COVID-19_surge">Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics and COVID-19 surge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics and COVID-19 surge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the Olympics were eventually held in July to August 2021, public sentiment rose as Japanese athletes secured a record haul of Olympic medals.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this did not translate into an upturn in Suga's personal ratings as the event coincided with a state of emergency while COVID-19 cases in Japan continued to surge from the Delta variant.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time the <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">Tokyo Olympics</a> ended, the country experienced more than a million cases.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an Asahi Shimbun poll taken at the end of the Olympics, the Cabinet's approval ratings fell to an all-time low of 28%, even though 56% of the public agreed that hosting the Olympics was the right decision<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> signifying concern over the government's inability to handle the COVID-19 pandemic.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, the government's pandemic response is likely to be one of the election issues.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Suga claimed there is no evidence that the Olympics contributed to a surge in daily cases in Tokyo and other parts of Japan, experts, including the government's chief medical adviser believe the Games undermined official messaging on virus rules and encouraged people to become complacent.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021_LDP_presidential_election_and_resignation_of_Suga">2021 LDP presidential election and resignation of Suga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2021 LDP presidential election and resignation of Suga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2021_Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)_presidential_election" title="2021 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) presidential election">2021 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) presidential election</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Resignation_of_the_Suga_Cabinet_20211004,_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Resignation_of_the_Suga_Cabinet_20211004%2C_1.jpg/240px-Resignation_of_the_Suga_Cabinet_20211004%2C_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Resignation_of_the_Suga_Cabinet_20211004%2C_1.jpg/360px-Resignation_of_the_Suga_Cabinet_20211004%2C_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Resignation_of_the_Suga_Cabinet_20211004%2C_1.jpg/480px-Resignation_of_the_Suga_Cabinet_20211004%2C_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Suga resigned as Prime Minister in October 2021.</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the Olympics, speculation rose that several LDP lawmakers, such as former ministers <a href="/wiki/Sanae_Takaichi" title="Sanae Takaichi">Sanae Takaichi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Kyodo_News_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kyodo_News-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Seiko_Noda" title="Seiko Noda">Seiko Noda</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2020 leadership candidate <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a><sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and party policy chief <a href="/wiki/Hakubun_Shimomura" title="Hakubun Shimomura">Hakubun Shimomura</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were preparing to run for the LDP leadership against Suga when his term as party president ends in September, in the lead up to the election.<sup id="cite_ref-Kyodo_News_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kyodo_News-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The defeat of candidate <a href="/wiki/Hachiro_Okonogi" title="Hachiro Okonogi">Hachiro Okonogi</a>, who is Suga's associate, in the <a href="/wiki/2021_Yokohama_mayoral_election" title="2021 Yokohama mayoral election">Yokohama mayoral election</a> on 22 August added pressure on the prime minister and increased speculation about his political future.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 September Suga announced that he would not run for re-election for the LDP leadership citing low approval ratings, paving the way for a new LDP leader and Prime Minister to take the party into the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 September, former foreign minister and <a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">centrist</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> defeated three other candidates and became the new leader of the LDP.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected by the Diet as the 100th Prime Minister of Japan on 4 October.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_forms_common_policy_platform">Opposition forms common policy platform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Opposition forms common policy platform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 8 September the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">Constitutional Democratic Party</a> (CDP), <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Social Democratic Party (Japan)">Social Democratic Party</a> (SDP), <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">Japanese Communist Party</a> (JCP) and <a href="/wiki/Reiwa_Shinsengumi" title="Reiwa Shinsengumi">Reiwa Shinsengumi</a> formed a joint policy platform and an anti-LDP civil coalition for the upcoming election.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The platform covered six areas: constitutionalism, measures to tackle the coronavirus pandemic, reducing economic disparities, transitioning to a decarbonized society, gender equality and government transparency.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Policies in the platform included: </p> <ul><li>Opposition to constitutional revision proposed by the LDP that would expand government powers</li> <li>Cuts in consumption tax rate and increasing tax burden on the wealthy</li> <li>Shutting down nuclear power plants and opposition for a planned integrated resort and casino development proposals</li> <li>New inquiries into a series of political scandals involving the LDP, including scandals of former Prime Ministers Shinzo Abe and Yoshihide Suga<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>As part of the agreement, members of the four parties involved withdrew from running in several of the single-seat constituencies to avoid <a href="/wiki/Vote_splitting" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote splitting">vote splitting</a>. The Japanese Communist Party withdrew 22 candidates in total, with only 106 candidates running for the JCP in total. This number was the lowest amount of candidates fielded by the JCP since the first election following Japan's <a href="/wiki/1994_Japanese_electoral_reform" title="1994 Japanese electoral reform">electoral reform</a> in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taro Yamamoto from Reiwa Shinsengumi withdrew from his race in the single member <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_8th_district" title="Tokyo 8th district">Tokyo 8th district</a> for the CDP's Harumi Yoshida, choosing instead to run in the <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_proportional_representation_block" title="Tokyo proportional representation block">Tokyo PR block</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8th_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8th-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reiwa Shinsengumi withdrew 7 candidates to avoid vote splitting amongst the opposition, accounting for 40% of its planned slate of candidates.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_then_withdrawal_of_First_no_Kai">Formation then withdrawal of First no Kai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Formation then withdrawal of First no Kai"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 4 October the regional Tokyo-based political party <a href="/wiki/Tomin_First_no_Kai" title="Tomin First no Kai">Tomin First no Kai</a> announced that it had created a new national party called First no Kai.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party said that it planned to enter candidates for single-seat constituencies in Tokyo, and said that while current <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tokyo" title="Governor of Tokyo">Governor of Tokyo</a> <a href="/wiki/Yuriko_Koike" title="Yuriko Koike">Yuriko Koike</a> will not be running, she will cooperate with the party.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> First no Kai will be led by <a href="/wiki/Chiharu_Araki" title="Chiharu Araki">Chiharu Araki</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Metropolitan_Assembly" title="Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly">Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly</a> who is also leader of Tomin First no Kai.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, on 15 October the party said they would not be fielding any candidates for the election and would concentrate on the next election instead.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Analysts believed that Kishida's bringing forward of the election gave little time for recruitment of candidates, thus leading to the decision to sit out this election.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_date">Election date</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Election date"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the post-<a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Japan" title="Occupation of Japan">occupation</a> interpretation of Article 7 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Japan" title="Constitution of Japan">Constitution</a>, the cabinet may instruct the Emperor to dissolve the House of Representatives for a <a href="/wiki/Snap_election#Japan" title="Snap election">snap election</a>. Elections must be held within 40 days after dissolution.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only time since the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> that the House of Representatives was not dissolved before the end of its term was in <a href="/wiki/1976_Japanese_general_election" title="1976 Japanese general election">1976</a>. If the House of Representatives completes a full four-year term, the election must be held within 30 days before that,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unless the Diet is invoked, in session or about to be closed at the time. The previous House of Representatives' term ended on 21 October.<sup id="cite_ref-english.kyodonews.net_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-english.kyodonews.net-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An extraordinary session of the National Diet was necessary in early October to elect the new prime minister. Depending on when that Diet session closed and if and when the new cabinet dissolved the House of Representatives, possible election dates ranged from late October to 14 November without dissolution or up to 28 November with dissolution. Since the election was held in late October, the 2021 election was the first in post-war history to be held not only at, but after the actual end of term (21 October).<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 October the newly elected prime minister <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> scheduled the election for 31 October, with dissolution of the House of Representatives on 14 October, the final day of the extraordinary Diet session and campaigning set to begin on 19 October.<sup id="cite_ref-english.kyodonews.net_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-english.kyodonews.net-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Previous_considerations">Previous considerations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Previous considerations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">Shinzo Abe</a> in 2020 from his position as prime minister due to health issues, speculation rose of the possibility that a snap election would be held before the end of the full term, but this in fact did not happen.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the resignation announcement of Yoshihide Suga in 2021, the government did consider a plan to hold a general election on 17 October, several days before the expiration of the four-year term for House of Representatives members, government sources said on 30 August.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_system">Electoral system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Electoral system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 465 seats of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">House of Representatives</a> are contested via <a href="/wiki/Parallel_voting" title="Parallel voting">parallel voting</a>: 289 members are elected in single-member constituencies using <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post voting</a>, while 176 members are elected in 11 multi-member constituencies via <a href="/wiki/Party_list_proportional_representation" class="mw-redirect" title="Party list proportional representation">party list proportional representation</a>. Candidates are allowed to stand in a constituency and be present in the party list, such that if they lose their constituency election, they may still be elected in the proportionally allocated seats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_parties">Political parties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Political parties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Japan" title="List of political parties in Japan">List of political parties in Japan</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Parties </th> <th rowspan="2">Leader </th> <th rowspan="2">Ideology </th> <th colspan="2">Seats </th> <th rowspan="2">Status </th></tr> <tr> <th>Last election </th> <th>Before election </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#3CA324"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">284 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #3CA324; color:inherit; width: 61%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">276 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #3CA324; color:inherit; width: 59%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Governing coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#00469C"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yukio_Edano" title="Yukio Edano">Yukio Edano</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">55 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #00469C; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">109 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #00469C; color:inherit; width: 23%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-CDPSC2_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDPSC2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F95580"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Komeito" title="Komeito">Komeito</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Natsuo_Yamaguchi" title="Natsuo Yamaguchi">Natsuo Yamaguchi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">29 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #F95580; color:inherit; width: 6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">29 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #F95580; color:inherit; width: 6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Governing coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#DB001C"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">Japanese Communist Party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Shii" title="Kazuo Shii">Kazuo Shii</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #DB001C; color:inherit; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #DB001C; color:inherit; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FFBA00"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">Democratic Party For the People</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yuichiro_Tamaki" title="Yuichiro Tamaki">Yuichiro Tamaki</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">50 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #046240; color:inherit; width: 11%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FFBA00; color:inherit; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-demparty_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-demparty-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#B8CE43"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Nippon Ishin no Kai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Matsui" title="Ichirō Matsui">Ichirō Matsui</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #B8CE43; color:inherit; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #B8CE43; color:inherit; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#1CA9E9"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Social Democratic Party (Japan)">Social Democratic Party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mizuho_Fukushima" title="Mizuho Fukushima">Mizuho Fukushima</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1CA9E9; color:inherit; width: 0.4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1CA9E9; color:inherit; width: 0.2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ED008C"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reiwa_Shinsengumi" title="Reiwa Shinsengumi">Reiwa Shinsengumi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_Yamamoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarō Yamamoto">Tarō Yamamoto</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a> </td> <td><i>Did not exist</i> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 465</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED008C; color:inherit; width: 0.2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Party_manifestos">Party manifestos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Party manifestos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liberal_Democratic_Party">Liberal Democratic Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Liberal Democratic Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1157919884">.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person{border:4px double #d69d36}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-title{font-size:110%;padding:0;line-height:150%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title-image{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:5px}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title>div{font-size:88%;line-height:normal}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-content{padding:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-navbar{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: #006400"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color:#006400;color:inherit;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fumio_Kishida_20211005_(cropped_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/75px-Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/113px-Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/150px-Fumio_Kishida_20211005_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1230" data-file-height="1640" /></a></span></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color:#006400;color: #FFF;"><div><span class="tmp-color" style="color: #FFF">This article is part of <br />a series about</span></div><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Fumio Kishida</span></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li>Representative for <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_1st_district" title="Hiroshima 1st district">Hiroshima 1st district</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1993–present)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Ministerial career</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Minister for Foreign Affairs</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(2012–2017)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Leadership of the Liberal Democratic Party</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)_presidential_election" title="2021 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) presidential election">2021 leadership election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Premiership</b></li></ul> <ul><li>Cabinet <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Kishida_Cabinet" title="First Kishida Cabinet">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Kishida_Cabinet" title="Second Kishida Cabinet">Second</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Shinzo_Abe" title="Assassination of Shinzo Abe">Assassination of Shinzo Abe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Fumio_Kishida" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Fumio Kishida">International trips</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Fumio_Kishida_to_Ukraine" title="2023 visit by Fumio Kishida to Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Fumio_Kishida" title="Attempted assassination of Fumio Kishida">Assassination attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_G7_summit" title="49th G7 summit">49th G7 summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American%E2%80%93Japanese%E2%80%93Korean_trilateral_pact" title="American–Japanese–Korean trilateral pact">Camp David Principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discharge_of_radioactive_water_of_the_Fukushima_Daiichi_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Discharge of radioactive water of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant">Fukushima water discharge</a></li> <li>Dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/Unification_Church" title="Unification Church">Unification Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Noto_earthquake" title="2024 Noto earthquake">2024 Noto earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023%E2%80%932024_Japanese_slush_fund_scandal" title="2023–2024 Japanese slush fund scandal">2024 Japanese slush fund scandal</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Elections</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2021 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2022 Japanese House of Councillors election">2022 House of Councillors election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fumio_Kishida_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fumio_Kishida_signature.svg/125px-Fumio_Kishida_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fumio_Kishida_signature.svg/188px-Fumio_Kishida_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fumio_Kishida_signature.svg/250px-Fumio_Kishida_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="174" data-file-height="61" /></a></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="188" /></a></span><br /> </p> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fumio_Kishida_sidebar" title="Template:Fumio Kishida sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fumio_Kishida_sidebar" title="Template talk:Fumio Kishida sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fumio_Kishida_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fumio Kishida sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a> manifesto, titled "Create a new era together with you" was released on 12 October and included:<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Japan_Times_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Japan_Times-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Wealth redistribution to revive the Japanese economy and empowering the middle class</li> <li>Tax breaks for corporations willing to raise wages</li> <li>Advance administrative reforms to facilitate digitalization</li> <li>Massive investment in science and technology, and funds for university research</li> <li>Secure robust supply chains for critical materials, such as rare earths</li> <li>Electronic COVID-19 vaccine passports</li> <li>Continued development of nuclear fusion power generation, and expansion of renewable energy to achieve <a href="/wiki/Carbon_neutrality" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon neutrality">carbon neutrality</a> by 2050</li> <li>Expanding support for small and medium businesses hit by the COVID-19 pandemic</li> <li>Offer subsidies for enterprises if they move into new industries</li> <li>Constitutional amendment including the <a href="/wiki/Proposed_Japanese_constitutional_referendum" title="Proposed Japanese constitutional referendum">proposed Japanese constitutional referendum</a> to specifically mentioning the Self-Defense Forces in Article 9 of the Constitution and establishing a provision granting the Cabinet stronger powers in an emergency</li> <li>Raising Japan's defense budget “above two percent” of gross domestic product (GDP) and enhancing Japan's defense capabilities</li> <li>Support <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>'s bid to join the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_and_Progressive_Agreement_for_Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership">CPTPP</a> agreement and <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">WHO</a> observer status</li> <li>Promoting further nuclear disarmament and nuclear nonproliferation<sup id="cite_ref-japantimes.co.jp_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-japantimes.co.jp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Observers commented that Prime Minister Kishida's promises during his LDP leadership campaign were missing from the manifesto, and the manifesto was heavily influenced by LDP's conservative figures like <a href="/wiki/Sanae_Takaichi" title="Sanae Takaichi">Sanae Takaichi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akira_Amari" title="Akira Amari">Akira Amari</a> and ex-prime minister <a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">Shinzo Abe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Japan_Times_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Japan_Times-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constitutional_Democratic_Party">Constitutional Democratic Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Constitutional Democratic Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 13 October, the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">CDPJ</a> added into its manifesto:<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-In_election_platform,_Japan's_main_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-In_election_platform,_Japan's_main-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Allowing couples to adopt different surnames</li> <li>Equality laws for LGBTQ people</li> <li>Laws recognising same-sex marriage</li> <li>Supplementary budget worth more than ¥30 trillion and cash handouts of ¥120,000 to low-income individuals</li> <li>Temporary cuts in consumption tax rate from 10% to 5%</li> <li>Changing the corporate tax into a progressive system</li> <li>Raising the ceiling for income tax on rich individuals</li> <li>Raise capital gains tax to 25% by 2023 in principle and eventually to 30%</li> <li>Realizing carbon neutrality without relying on nuclear power, and 100% renewable energy by 2050</li> <li>Expanding public support for housing, education, health care, nurseries and elderly care</li> <li>Better conditions for medical professionals by a ¥200,000 salary bonus, increasing staff at public health centers and expanding PCR testing</li> <li>Revision to the <a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Japan_Status_of_Forces_Agreement" title="U.S.–Japan Status of Forces Agreement">U.S.–Japan Status of Forces Agreement</a><sup id="cite_ref-japantimes.co.jp_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-japantimes.co.jp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Halt construction work related to the <a href="/wiki/Relocation_of_Marine_Corps_Air_Station_Futenma" title="Relocation of Marine Corps Air Station Futenma">relocation of Marine Corps Air Station Futenma</a> in <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a><sup id="cite_ref-japantimes.co.jp_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-japantimes.co.jp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Enter Japan into <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons">Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons</a> as an observer<sup id="cite_ref-japantimes.co.jp_56-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-japantimes.co.jp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Komeito">Komeito</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Komeito"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Komeito" title="Komeito">Komeito</a> policies included:<sup id="cite_ref-japantimes.co.jp_56-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-japantimes.co.jp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Enter Japan into <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons">Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons</a> as an observer</li> <li>Expanded subsidies to raise the wages of employees working at small businesses</li> <li>Resume the Go To Travel domestic tourism stimulus program</li> <li>No building of new nuclear power plants and decarbonization through thermal power</li> <li>Allowing couples to adopt different surnames</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japanese_Communist_Party">Japanese Communist Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Japanese Communist Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 12 October the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">JCP</a> announced its manifesto, including the following proposals:<sup id="cite_ref-In_election_platform,_Japan's_main_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-In_election_platform,_Japan's_main-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Cash handouts of ¥100,000 to middle-income households</li> <li>Raise the minimum wage, currently averaging at ¥930, to ¥1,500 per hour</li> <li>Lower the consumption tax to 5%</li> <li>Increase the existing government target of 46% cuts in carbon emissions by fiscal year 2030, to 50% and 60%</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai">Nippon Ishin no Kai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Nippon Ishin no Kai"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Nippon Ishin no Kai</a> manifesto featured pledges including:<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Reform of social insurance and pension system, with the introduction of a <a href="/wiki/Universal_basic_income" title="Universal basic income">universal basic income</a> of ¥60,000 per month, with additional supplements for non-coupled elderly</li> <li>Reform of income tax and <a href="/wiki/Social_insurance" title="Social insurance">social insurance</a> fee, replacing the current system with a two-tiered income tax</li> <li>Deregulation of the workforce, allowing for compensated dismissals</li> <li>Reform of the <a href="/wiki/Health_care_system_in_Japan" title="Health care system in Japan">social medical insurance system</a> from age-based subsidy rates to income-based cost subsidies</li> <li>Universal access to free education from preschool to university, written within the constitution</li> <li>Introduction of the "<a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13771" title="Executive Order 13771">2:1 rule</a>", requiring two pieces of regulation to be removed per introduction of any new industrial regulation</li> <li>Deregulation of protected industries such as ridesharing, finance and agriculture</li> <li>Separate surnames for married couples</li> <li>Same-sex marriage legalisation</li> <li>Maintaining current emission reduction targets with consideration of <a href="/wiki/Carbon_price" title="Carbon price">carbon pricing</a> schemes</li> <li>Legislating Osaka as the vice-capital of Japan</li> <li>Push for further devolution with merger of prefectures into states (<i><a href="/wiki/D%C5%8Dsh%C5%ABsei" title="Dōshūsei">dōshūsei</a></i>), while allocating the consumption tax as a regional tax</li> <li>Constitutional amendments including: Universal free education, devolution, and the establishment of constitutional courts</li> <li>Maintaining <a href="/wiki/Imperial_House_of_Japan" title="Imperial House of Japan">agnate succession</a> of the Imperial throne while considering re-royalisation of former Imperial household members.</li> <li>Repealing the 1%GDP cap on defence spending and the establishment of a national intelligence organisation</li> <li>Promotion of free trade, especially within the Asia-pacific region</li> <li>Add hospital capacity for COVID-19 treatment<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Temporary cuts in consumption tax rate from 10% to 5%, with tax rates set to 8% after two years<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>30% reduction in diet members, and a 30% cut in member's compensation</li> <li>Contributions reform prohibiting corporate and organisational donations to political parties and candidates</li> <li>Establishment of a public documents bureau, digitalisation of all public document, and maintaining edit records through utilisation of <a href="/wiki/Blockchain" title="Blockchain">blockchain</a> technology</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opinion_polls">Opinion polls</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Opinion polls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election#Graphical_summary" title="Opinion polling for the 2021 Japanese general election">Opinion polling for the 2021 Japanese general election § Graphical summary</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <p>The charts below depict party identification polling for the next Japanese general election using a 15-poll moving average. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election.svg/800px-Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election.svg.png" decoding="async" width="800" height="444" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election.svg/1200px-Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election.svg/1600px-Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#3CA324 solid 5px;"> </span> LDP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#00469C solid 5px;"> </span> CDP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#003E98 solid 5px;"> </span> DP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#F95580 solid 5px;"> </span> Kōmeitō</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#DB001C solid 5px;"> </span> JCP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#B8CE43 solid 5px;"> </span> Japan Innovation Party</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#FFBA00 solid 5px;"> </span> DPFP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#1CA9E9 solid 5px;"> </span> SDP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#0950A0 solid 5px;"> </span> LP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#ED008C solid 5px;"> </span> Reiwa Shinsengumi</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#046240 solid 5px;"> </span> Kibō no Tō</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#F8EA0D solid 5px;"> </span> N-Koku</div></div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election(minor_parties).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election%28minor_parties%29.svg/800px-Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election%28minor_parties%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="800" height="444" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election%28minor_parties%29.svg/1200px-Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election%28minor_parties%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election%28minor_parties%29.svg/1600px-Opinion_polling_for_the_2021_Japanese_general_election%28minor_parties%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#00469C solid 5px;"> </span> CDP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#003E98 solid 5px;"> </span> DP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#F95580 solid 5px;"> </span> Kōmeitō</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#DB001C solid 5px;"> </span> JCP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#B8CE43 solid 5px;"> </span> Japan Innovation Party</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#FFBA00 solid 5px;"> </span> DPFP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#1CA9E9 solid 5px;"> </span> SDP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#0950A0 solid 5px;"> </span> LP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#ED008C solid 5px;"> </span> Reiwa Shinsengumi</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#046240 solid 5px;"> </span> Kibō no Tō</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#F8EA0D solid 5px;"> </span> N-Koku</div></div></figcaption></figure></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Candidates">Candidates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="switcher-container"><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japan_General_Election,_Opposition_Candidates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Opposition_Candidates.svg/350px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Opposition_Candidates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Opposition_Candidates.svg/525px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Opposition_Candidates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Opposition_Candidates.svg/700px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Opposition_Candidates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Opposition parties candidates</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japan_General_Election,_Governing_Coalition_Candidates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Governing_Coalition_Candidates.svg/350px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Governing_Coalition_Candidates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Governing_Coalition_Candidates.svg/525px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Governing_Coalition_Candidates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Governing_Coalition_Candidates.svg/700px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Governing_Coalition_Candidates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Governing coalition candidates</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japan_General_Election,_Ishin_candidates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Ishin_candidates.svg/350px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Ishin_candidates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Ishin_candidates.svg/525px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Ishin_candidates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Ishin_candidates.svg/700px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_Ishin_candidates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Nippon Ishin no Kai candidates</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japan_General_Election,_CDP_candidates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_CDP_candidates.svg/350px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_CDP_candidates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_CDP_candidates.svg/525px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_CDP_candidates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_CDP_candidates.svg/700px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_CDP_candidates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Constitutional Democratic candidates</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japan_General_Election,_DPFP_candidates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_DPFP_candidates.svg/350px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_DPFP_candidates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_DPFP_candidates.svg/525px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_DPFP_candidates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_DPFP_candidates.svg/700px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_DPFP_candidates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Democratic Party For the People candidates</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japan_General_Election,_JCP_candidates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_JCP_candidates.svg/350px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_JCP_candidates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_JCP_candidates.svg/525px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_JCP_candidates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_JCP_candidates.svg/700px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_JCP_candidates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Japanese Communist candidates</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japan_General_Election,_SDP%26Reiwa_candidates_and_opposition_block_affiliated_independents.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_SDP%26Reiwa_candidates_and_opposition_block_affiliated_independents.svg/350px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_SDP%26Reiwa_candidates_and_opposition_block_affiliated_independents.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_SDP%26Reiwa_candidates_and_opposition_block_affiliated_independents.svg/525px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_SDP%26Reiwa_candidates_and_opposition_block_affiliated_independents.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_SDP%26Reiwa_candidates_and_opposition_block_affiliated_independents.svg/700px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_SDP%26Reiwa_candidates_and_opposition_block_affiliated_independents.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Social Democratic Party, Reiwa Reiwa Shinsengumi, and opposition block endorsed independent candidates</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japan_General_Election,_N-Koku_candidates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_N-Koku_candidates.svg/350px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_N-Koku_candidates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_N-Koku_candidates.svg/525px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_N-Koku_candidates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_N-Koku_candidates.svg/700px-2021_Japan_General_Election%2C_N-Koku_candidates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">NHK Party candidates</span></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Numbers of candidates by party<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="80px" colspan="2">Party </th> <th width="50px">Before election </th> <th width="50px">Const. </th> <th width="50px">PR </th> <th width="50px">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#3CA324"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a></td> <td>276</td> <td>277</td> <td>310</td> <td><b>338</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#00469C"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">CDP</a></td> <td>109</td> <td>214</td> <td>239</td> <td><b>240</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#F95580"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Komeito" title="Komeito">Komei</a></td> <td>29</td> <td>9</td> <td>44</td> <td><b>53</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#DB001C"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">JCP</a></td> <td>12</td> <td>105</td> <td>40</td> <td><b>130</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#B8CE43"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Ishin</a></td> <td>11</td> <td>94</td> <td>96</td> <td><b>96</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFBA00"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">DPFP</a></td> <td>8</td> <td>21</td> <td>27</td> <td><b>27</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#ED008C"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Reiwa_Shinsengumi" title="Reiwa Shinsengumi">Reiwa</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>12</td> <td>21</td> <td><b>21</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#1CA9E9"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Social Democratic Party (Japan)">SDP</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>9</td> <td>15</td> <td><b>15</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#F8EA0D"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/NHK_Party" title="NHK Party">N-Koku</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>27</td> <td>11</td> <td><b>30</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="gray"></td> <td align="left">Others</td> <td>1</td> <td>9</td> <td>14</td> <td><b>23</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#DCDCDC"></td> <td align="left">Ind.</td> <td>0</td> <td>80</td> <td>–</td> <td><b>78</b> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EAECF0"> <td colspan="2" align="left"><b>Total</b></td> <td><b>461</b></td> <td><b>857</b></td> <td><b>817</b></td> <td><b>1,051</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2021_Japanese_general_election" title="Results of the 2021 Japanese general election">Results of the 2021 Japanese general election</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="switcher-container"><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)-2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Liberal_Democratic_Party_%28Japan%29-2021.svg/350px-Liberal_Democratic_Party_%28Japan%29-2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Liberal_Democratic_Party_%28Japan%29-2021.svg/525px-Liberal_Democratic_Party_%28Japan%29-2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Liberal_Democratic_Party_%28Japan%29-2021.svg/700px-Liberal_Democratic_Party_%28Japan%29-2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Liberal Democratic Party, PR vote share</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan-2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan-2021.svg/350px-Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan-2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan-2021.svg/525px-Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan-2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan-2021.svg/700px-Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan-2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Constitutional Democratic Party, PR vote share</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai-2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai-2021.svg/350px-Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai-2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai-2021.svg/525px-Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai-2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai-2021.svg/700px-Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai-2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Nippon Ishin no Kai, PR vote share</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:K%C5%8Dmeit%C5%8D-2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/K%C5%8Dmeit%C5%8D-2021.svg/350px-K%C5%8Dmeit%C5%8D-2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/K%C5%8Dmeit%C5%8D-2021.svg/525px-K%C5%8Dmeit%C5%8D-2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/K%C5%8Dmeit%C5%8D-2021.svg/700px-K%C5%8Dmeit%C5%8D-2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Kōmeitō, PR vote share</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_Communist_Party-2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Japanese_Communist_Party-2021.svg/350px-Japanese_Communist_Party-2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Japanese_Communist_Party-2021.svg/525px-Japanese_Communist_Party-2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Japanese_Communist_Party-2021.svg/700px-Japanese_Communist_Party-2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Japanese Communist Party, PR vote share</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Democratic_Party_for_the_People-2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Democratic_Party_for_the_People-2021.svg/350px-Democratic_Party_for_the_People-2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Democratic_Party_for_the_People-2021.svg/525px-Democratic_Party_for_the_People-2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Democratic_Party_for_the_People-2021.svg/700px-Democratic_Party_for_the_People-2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Democratic Party For the People, PR vote share</span></div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reiwa_Shinsengumi-2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Reiwa_Shinsengumi-2021.svg/350px-Reiwa_Shinsengumi-2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Reiwa_Shinsengumi-2021.svg/525px-Reiwa_Shinsengumi-2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Reiwa_Shinsengumi-2021.svg/700px-Reiwa_Shinsengumi-2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Reiwa Shinsengumi, PR vote share</span></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:49th_Japanese_General_Election_Cartogram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/49th_Japanese_General_Election_Cartogram.svg/350px-49th_Japanese_General_Election_Cartogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/49th_Japanese_General_Election_Cartogram.svg/525px-49th_Japanese_General_Election_Cartogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/49th_Japanese_General_Election_Cartogram.svg/700px-49th_Japanese_General_Election_Cartogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Constituency Cartogram</figcaption></figure> <p>Many polls had predicted a weakened LDP or even a complete loss of government control in the elections,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with one poll by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a></i> suggesting the party would lose around 40 seats. Though the LDP did lose 25 seats compared to the previous elections, they comfortably maintained their single-party majority in the Diet.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The opposition coalition of CDP, JCP, SDP and Reiwa Shinsengumi failed to increase its seat share, suffering a net loss of thirteen seats compared to the outgoing parliament. The CDP itself remained the largest opposition party, finishing second with 96 seats; although this marked an increase on the 55 seats won by the original CDP in the 2017 elections, the party had held 109 seats going into the elections following the merger with the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">Democratic Party For the People</a>. The JCP lost two seats going from 12 to 10, the SDP kept its one constituency seat in Okinawa, and Reiwa Shinsengumi increased its seats from one prior to the election to three. </p><p>The Osaka-based Nippon Ishin no Kai saw a strong third-place finish with 41 seats, a net gain of 30. The party won all seats in Osaka prefecture, except for four where they did not stand a candidate. The party also finished first in the Kinki Proportional Block.<sup id="cite_ref-McCurry_2021_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCurry_2021-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="10" style="text-align:center;color:var( --color-base, #202122 );background:var( --background-color-neutral, #F8F9FA )"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Japanese_general_election,_composition.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/2021_Japanese_general_election%2C_composition.svg/360px-2021_Japanese_general_election%2C_composition.svg.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/2021_Japanese_general_election%2C_composition.svg/540px-2021_Japanese_general_election%2C_composition.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/2021_Japanese_general_election%2C_composition.svg/720px-2021_Japanese_general_election%2C_composition.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2" rowspan="2">Party</th><th scope="col" colspan="3">Proportional</th><th scope="col" colspan="3">Constituency</th><th scope="col" rowspan="2">Total<br />seats</th><th scope="col" rowspan="2">+/–</th></tr><tr><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Votes</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">%</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Seats</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Votes</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">%</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Seats</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#3CA324"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">19,914,883</td><td style="text-align:right">34.66</td><td style="text-align:right">72</td><td style="text-align:right">27,626,235</td><td style="text-align:right">48.08</td><td style="text-align:right">187</td><td style="text-align:right">259</td><td style="text-align:right">–25</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00469C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan</a></td><td style="text-align:right">11,492,095</td><td style="text-align:right">20.00</td><td style="text-align:right">39</td><td style="text-align:right">17,215,621</td><td style="text-align:right">29.96</td><td style="text-align:right">57</td><td style="text-align:right">96</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#B8CE43"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Nippon Ishin no Kai</a></td><td style="text-align:right">8,050,830</td><td style="text-align:right">14.01</td><td style="text-align:right">25</td><td style="text-align:right">4,802,793</td><td style="text-align:right">8.36</td><td style="text-align:right">16</td><td style="text-align:right">41</td><td style="text-align:right">+30</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F95580"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Komeito" title="Komeito">Komeito</a></td><td style="text-align:right">7,114,282</td><td style="text-align:right">12.38</td><td style="text-align:right">23</td><td style="text-align:right">872,931</td><td style="text-align:right">1.52</td><td style="text-align:right">9</td><td style="text-align:right">32</td><td style="text-align:right">+3</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DB001C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">Japanese Communist Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4,166,076</td><td style="text-align:right">7.25</td><td style="text-align:right">9</td><td style="text-align:right">2,639,631</td><td style="text-align:right">4.59</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">10</td><td style="text-align:right">–1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FFBA00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">Democratic Party For the People</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2,593,396</td><td style="text-align:right">4.51</td><td style="text-align:right">5</td><td style="text-align:right">1,246,812</td><td style="text-align:right">2.17</td><td style="text-align:right">6</td><td style="text-align:right">11</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#ED008C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Reiwa_Shinsengumi" title="Reiwa Shinsengumi">Reiwa Shinsengumi</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2,215,648</td><td style="text-align:right">3.86</td><td style="text-align:right">3</td><td style="text-align:right">248,280</td><td style="text-align:right">0.43</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">3</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#1CA9E9"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Social Democratic Party (Japan)">Social Democratic Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,018,588</td><td style="text-align:right">1.77</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">313,193</td><td style="text-align:right">0.55</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">–1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8EA0D"></td><td><a href="/wiki/NHK_Party" title="NHK Party">NHK Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">796,788</td><td style="text-align:right">1.39</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">150,542</td><td style="text-align:right">0.26</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#6A1684"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Shiji_Seit%C5%8D_Nashi" title="Shiji Seitō Nashi">Shiji Seitō Nashi</a></td><td style="text-align:right">46,142</td><td style="text-align:right">0.08</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#000000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Japan_First_Party" title="Japan First Party">Japan First Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">33,661</td><td style="text-align:right">0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">9,449</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#e40114"></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamato_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamato Party (page does not exist)">Yamato Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">16,970</td><td style="text-align:right">0.03</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">15,091</td><td style="text-align:right">0.03</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>New Party to Strengthen Corona Countermeasures by Change of Government</td><td style="text-align:right">6,620</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0000ff"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ganbare_Nippon" title="Ganbare Nippon">Kunimori Conservative Party</a></td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">29,306</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00aac8"></td><td>Love Earth Party</td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">5,350</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Nippon Spirits Party</td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">4,552</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Reform Future Party</td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">3,698</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Renewal Party</td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">2,750</td><td style="text-align:right">0.00</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#fddd45"></td><td>Party for a Successful Japan</td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">1,630</td><td style="text-align:right">0.00</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DCDCDC"></td><td>Independents</td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">2,269,168</td><td style="text-align:right">3.95</td><td style="text-align:right">12</td><td style="text-align:right">12</td><td style="text-align:right">–10</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">57,465,979</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">176</td><td style="text-align:right">57,457,032</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">289</td><td style="text-align:right">465</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="10" style="color:var( --color-base, #202122 );background:var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 )"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Valid votes</th><td>57,465,979</td><td>97.58</td><td></td><td>57,457,032</td><td>97.55</td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Invalid/blank votes</th><td>1,425,366</td><td>2.42</td><td></td><td>1,443,227</td><td>2.45</td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;background:inherit;color:inherit">Total votes</th><td>58,891,345</td><td>100.00</td><td></td><td>58,900,259</td><td>100.00</td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Registered voters/turnout</th><td>105,224,103</td><td>55.97</td><td></td><td>105,224,103</td><td>55.98</td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="10" style="text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000776531.pdf">Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_prefecture">By prefecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: By prefecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 0.9em;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">Prefecture </th> <th rowspan="3">Total<br />seats </th> <th colspan="8">Seats won </th></tr> <tr> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">CDP</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Ishin</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Komeito" title="Komeito">Komeito</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">DPP</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">JCP</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Social Democratic Party (Japan)">SDP</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;">Ind. </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#3CA324;"> </th> <th style="background:#00469C;"> </th> <th style="background:#B8CE43;"> </th> <th style="background:#F95580;"> </th> <th style="background:#FFBA00;"> </th> <th style="background:#DB001C;"> </th> <th style="background:#1CA9E9;"> </th> <th style="background:#DCDCDC;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Aichi_Prefecture" title="Aichi Prefecture">Aichi</a> </th> <th>15 </th> <td>11 </td> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Akita_Prefecture" title="Akita Prefecture">Akita</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>2 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Aomori_Prefecture" title="Aomori Prefecture">Aomori</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Chiba_Prefecture" title="Chiba Prefecture">Chiba</a> </th> <th>13 </th> <td>9 </td> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Ehime_Prefecture" title="Ehime Prefecture">Ehime</a> </th> <th>4 </th> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fukui_Prefecture" title="Fukui Prefecture">Fukui</a> </th> <th>2 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefecture" title="Fukuoka Prefecture">Fukuoka</a> </th> <th>11 </th> <td>8 </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fukushima_Prefecture" title="Fukushima Prefecture">Fukushima</a> </th> <th>5 </th> <td>2 </td> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Gifu_Prefecture" title="Gifu Prefecture">Gifu</a> </th> <th>5 </th> <td>5 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Gunma_Prefecture" title="Gunma Prefecture">Gunma</a> </th> <th>5 </th> <td>5 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_Prefecture" title="Hiroshima Prefecture">Hiroshima</a> </th> <th>7 </th> <td>5 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> </th> <th>12 </th> <td>6 </td> <td>5 </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo</a> </th> <th>12 </th> <td>8 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki_Prefecture" title="Ibaraki Prefecture">Ibaraki</a> </th> <th>7 </th> <td>5 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Ishikawa_Prefecture" title="Ishikawa Prefecture">Ishikawa</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Iwate_Prefecture" title="Iwate Prefecture">Iwate</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>2 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kagawa_Prefecture" title="Kagawa Prefecture">Kagawa</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima_Prefecture" title="Kagoshima Prefecture">Kagoshima</a> </th> <th>4 </th> <td>2 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa</a> </th> <th>18 </th> <td>11 </td> <td>7 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi_Prefecture" title="Kōchi Prefecture">Kōchi</a> </th> <th>2 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_Prefecture" title="Kumamoto Prefecture">Kumamoto</a> </th> <th>4 </th> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prefecture" title="Kyoto Prefecture">Kyoto</a> </th> <th>6 </th> <td>2 </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Mie_Prefecture" title="Mie Prefecture">Mie</a> </th> <th>4 </th> <td>3 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Prefecture" title="Miyagi Prefecture">Miyagi</a> </th> <th>6 </th> <td>4 </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Miyazaki_Prefecture" title="Miyazaki Prefecture">Miyazaki</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>2 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano</a> </th> <th>5 </th> <td>4 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki_Prefecture" title="Nagasaki Prefecture">Nagasaki</a> </th> <th>4 </th> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nara_Prefecture" title="Nara Prefecture">Nara</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Niigata_Prefecture" title="Niigata Prefecture">Niigata</a> </th> <th>6 </th> <td>2 </td> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_Prefecture" title="Ōita Prefecture">Ōita</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Okayama_Prefecture" title="Okayama Prefecture">Okayama</a> </th> <th>5 </th> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a> </th> <th>4 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Prefecture" title="Osaka Prefecture">Osaka</a> </th> <th>19 </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>15 </td> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Saga_Prefecture" title="Saga Prefecture">Saga</a> </th> <th>2 </th> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture" title="Saitama Prefecture">Saitama</a> </th> <th>15 </th> <td>12 </td> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Shiga_Prefecture" title="Shiga Prefecture">Shiga</a> </th> <th>4 </th> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Shimane_Prefecture" title="Shimane Prefecture">Shimane</a> </th> <th>2 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka</a> </th> <th>8 </th> <td>5 </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tochigi_Prefecture" title="Tochigi Prefecture">Tochigi</a> </th> <th>5 </th> <td>4 </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tokushima_Prefecture" title="Tokushima Prefecture">Tokushima</a> </th> <th>2 </th> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> </th> <th>25 </th> <td>15 </td> <td>8 </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tottori_Prefecture" title="Tottori Prefecture">Tottori</a> </th> <th>2 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Toyama_Prefecture" title="Toyama Prefecture">Toyama</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_Prefecture" title="Wakayama Prefecture">Wakayama</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Prefecture" title="Yamagata Prefecture">Yamagata</a> </th> <th>3 </th> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_Prefecture" title="Yamaguchi Prefecture">Yamaguchi</a> </th> <th>4 </th> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Yamanashi_Prefecture" title="Yamanashi Prefecture">Yamanashi</a> </th> <th>2 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th style="text-align: left;">Total </th> <th>289 </th> <th>187 </th> <th>57 </th> <th>16 </th> <th>9 </th> <th>6 </th> <th>1 </th> <th>1 </th> <th>12 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_PR_block">By PR block</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: By PR block"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 0.9em;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">PR block </th> <th rowspan="3">Total<br />seats </th> <th colspan="13">Seats won </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">LDP</a> </th> <th>% </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">CDP</a> </th> <th>% </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Ishin</a> </th> <th>% </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Komeito" title="Komeito">Komeito</a> </th> <th>% </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">JCP</a> </th> <th>% </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">DPP</a> </th> <th>% </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Reiwa_Shinsengumi" title="Reiwa Shinsengumi">RS</a> </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#3CA324;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#00469C;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#B8CE43;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#F95580;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#DB001C;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#FFBA00;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ED008C;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABgoku_proportional_representation_block" title="Chūgoku proportional representation block">Chūgoku</a> </th> <th>11 </th> <td>6 </td> <td>43.4% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>18.4% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>9.2% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>14.0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>5.5% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>3.7% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>3.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_proportional_representation_block" title="Hokkaido proportional representation block">Hokkaido</a> </th> <th>8 </th> <td>4 </td> <td>33.6% </td> <td>3 </td> <td>26.6% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>8.4% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>11.5% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>8.1% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>2.9% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>4.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Hokuriku-Shin%27etsu_proportional_representation_block" title="Hokuriku-Shin'etsu proportional representation block">Hokuriku–Shinetsu</a> </th> <th>11 </th> <td>6 </td> <td>41.8% </td> <td>3 </td> <td>22.0% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>10.3% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>9.2% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>6.4% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>3.8% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>3.2% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kinki_proportional_representation_block" title="Kinki proportional representation block">Kinki (Kansai)</a> </th> <th>28 </th> <td>8 </td> <td>25.7% </td> <td>3 </td> <td>11.6% </td> <td>10 </td> <td>33.9% </td> <td>3 </td> <td>12.3% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>7.8% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>3.2% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>3.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kyushu_proportional_representation_block" title="Kyushu proportional representation block">Kyushu</a> </th> <th>20 </th> <td>8 </td> <td>35.7% </td> <td>4 </td> <td>20.1% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>8.6% </td> <td>4 </td> <td>16.5% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>5.8% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>4.4% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>3.9% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Kanto_proportional_representation_block" title="Northern Kanto proportional representation block">Northern Kanto</a> </th> <th>19 </th> <td>7 </td> <td>35.2% </td> <td>5 </td> <td>22.5% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>10.0% </td> <td>3 </td> <td>13.3% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>7.2% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>4.8% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>3.9% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Shikoku_proportional_representation_block" title="Shikoku proportional representation block">Shikoku</a> </th> <th>6 </th> <td>3 </td> <td>39.2% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>17.2% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>10.2% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>13.7% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>6.4% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>7.2% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>3.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Kanto_proportional_representation_block" title="Southern Kanto proportional representation block">Southern Kanto</a> </th> <th>22 </th> <td>9 </td> <td>34.9% </td> <td>5 </td> <td>22.3% </td> <td>3 </td> <td>11.7% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>11.5% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>7.2% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>5.2% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>4.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tohoku_proportional_representation_block" title="Tohoku proportional representation block">Tohoku</a> </th> <th>13 </th> <td>6 </td> <td>39.5% </td> <td>4 </td> <td>24.1% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>6.3% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>11.1% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>7.1% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>4.8% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>3.5% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tokai_proportional_representation_block" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokai proportional representation block">Tokai</a> </th> <th>21 </th> <td>9 </td> <td>37.4% </td> <td>5 </td> <td>22.1% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>10.3% </td> <td>3 </td> <td>11.7% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>6.1% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>5.7% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>4.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_proportional_representation_block" title="Tokyo proportional representation block">Tokyo</a> </th> <th>17 </th> <td>6 </td> <td>31.0% </td> <td>4 </td> <td>20.1% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>13.3% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>11.1% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>10.4% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>4.7% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>5.6% </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th style="text-align: left;">Total </th> <th>176 </th> <th>72 </th> <th> </th> <th>39 </th> <th> </th> <th>25 </th> <th> </th> <th>23 </th> <th> </th> <th>9 </th> <th> </th> <th>5 </th> <th> </th> <th>3 </th> <th> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party-list_vote_by_prefecture">Party-list vote by prefecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Party-list vote by prefecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Prefecture </th> <th>LDP </th> <th>CDP </th> <th>Innovation </th> <th>Komeito </th> <th>JCP </th> <th>DPFP </th> <th>Reiwa </th> <th>SDP </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aichi_Prefecture" title="Aichi Prefecture">Aichi</a> </td> <td>35.9 </td> <td>22.4 </td> <td>11.0 </td> <td>11.3 </td> <td>6.4 </td> <td>5.7 </td> <td>4.4 </td> <td>1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Akita_Prefecture" title="Akita Prefecture">Akita</a> </td> <td>45.4 </td> <td>21.1 </td> <td>5.6 </td> <td>10.8 </td> <td>5.9 </td> <td>5.2 </td> <td>2.7 </td> <td>2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aomori_Prefecture" title="Aomori Prefecture">Aomori</a> </td> <td>43.2 </td> <td>23.8 </td> <td>4.4 </td> <td>11.0 </td> <td>7.9 </td> <td>2.5 </td> <td>3.3 </td> <td>2.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chiba_Prefecture" title="Chiba Prefecture">Chiba</a> </td> <td>35.5 </td> <td>22.1 </td> <td>11.2 </td> <td>12.4 </td> <td>7.0 </td> <td>5.3 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>1.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ehime_Prefecture" title="Ehime Prefecture">Ehime</a> </td> <td>41.1 </td> <td>18.6 </td> <td>9.9 </td> <td>14.2 </td> <td>5.2 </td> <td>4.4 </td> <td>3.3 </td> <td>2.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fukui_Prefecture" title="Fukui Prefecture">Fukui</a> </td> <td>45.9 </td> <td>20.9 </td> <td>9.1 </td> <td>9.5 </td> <td>5.3 </td> <td>3.6 </td> <td>3.4 </td> <td>1.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefecture" title="Fukuoka Prefecture">Fukuoka</a> </td> <td>33.0 </td> <td>19.3 </td> <td>11.1 </td> <td>17.3 </td> <td>6.5 </td> <td>4.4 </td> <td>4.3 </td> <td>2.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fukushima_Prefecture" title="Fukushima Prefecture">Fukushima</a> </td> <td>37.9 </td> <td>25.7 </td> <td>5.3 </td> <td>11.2 </td> <td>7.2 </td> <td>5.2 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gifu_Prefecture" title="Gifu Prefecture">Gifu</a> </td> <td>40.3 </td> <td>20.6 </td> <td>10.0 </td> <td>11.6 </td> <td>6.2 </td> <td>5.0 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gunma_Prefecture" title="Gunma Prefecture">Gunma</a> </td> <td>38.4 </td> <td>20.2 </td> <td>9.3 </td> <td>14.3 </td> <td>7.3 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>3.6 </td> <td>1.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_Prefecture" title="Hiroshima Prefecture">Hiroshima</a> </td> <td>45.9 </td> <td>17.0 </td> <td>10.4 </td> <td>12.3 </td> <td>4.9 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>2.8 </td> <td>1.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> </td> <td>33.6 </td> <td>26.6 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>11.5 </td> <td>8.1 </td> <td>2.9 </td> <td>4.0 </td> <td>1.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyogo</a> </td> <td>27.4 </td> <td>13.4 </td> <td>32.1 </td> <td>12.3 </td> <td>6.2 </td> <td>3.0 </td> <td>3.3 </td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki_Prefecture" title="Ibaraki Prefecture">Ibaraki</a> </td> <td>38.1 </td> <td>20.2 </td> <td>9.9 </td> <td>14.1 </td> <td>5.7 </td> <td>5.9 </td> <td>3.7 </td> <td>1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ishikawa_Prefecture" title="Ishikawa Prefecture">Ishikawa</a> </td> <td>44.1 </td> <td>18.4 </td> <td>14.4 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>4.5 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>3.1 </td> <td>1.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iwate_Prefecture" title="Iwate Prefecture">Iwate</a> </td> <td>35.5 </td> <td>29.2 </td> <td>4.6 </td> <td>9.2 </td> <td>8.0 </td> <td>5.2 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>3.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kagawa_Prefecture" title="Kagawa Prefecture">Kagawa</a> </td> <td>39.9 </td> <td>13.1 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>11.7 </td> <td>4.5 </td> <td>16.4 </td> <td>2.5 </td> <td>2.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima_Prefecture" title="Kagoshima Prefecture">Kagoshima</a> </td> <td>41.3 </td> <td>20.7 </td> <td>7.7 </td> <td>14.3 </td> <td>4.6 </td> <td>3.1 </td> <td>3.2 </td> <td>3.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa</a> </td> <td>34.2 </td> <td>22.2 </td> <td>12.5 </td> <td>10.8 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>5.2 </td> <td>4.3 </td> <td>1.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi_Prefecture" title="Kōchi Prefecture">Kochi</a> </td> <td>38.0 </td> <td>21.7 </td> <td>6.1 </td> <td>15.0 </td> <td>10.4 </td> <td>3.0 </td> <td>3.0 </td> <td>1.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_Prefecture" title="Kumamoto Prefecture">Kumamoto</a> </td> <td>40.8 </td> <td>19.1 </td> <td>7.2 </td> <td>17.1 </td> <td>4.3 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>2.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prefecture" title="Kyoto Prefecture">Kyoto</a> </td> <td>29.2 </td> <td>13.7 </td> <td>23.0 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td>13.2 </td> <td>5.1 </td> <td>3.7 </td> <td>1.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mie_Prefecture" title="Mie Prefecture">Mie</a> </td> <td>36.3 </td> <td>25.0 </td> <td>9.1 </td> <td>13.8 </td> <td>5.3 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Prefecture" title="Miyagi Prefecture">Miyagi</a> </td> <td>37.4 </td> <td>22.9 </td> <td>10.0 </td> <td>11.4 </td> <td>7.3 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Miyazaki_Prefecture" title="Miyazaki Prefecture">Miyazaki</a> </td> <td>38.9 </td> <td>17.2 </td> <td>9.1 </td> <td>16.2 </td> <td>5.3 </td> <td>5.3 </td> <td>2.8 </td> <td>3.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano</a> </td> <td>35.0 </td> <td>26.3 </td> <td>9.1 </td> <td>10.3 </td> <td>8.9 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>3.4 </td> <td>2.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki_Prefecture" title="Nagasaki Prefecture">Nagasaki</a> </td> <td>37.1 </td> <td>19.7 </td> <td>7.2 </td> <td>15.7 </td> <td>4.8 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>3.0 </td> <td>2.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nara_Prefecture" title="Nara Prefecture">Nara</a> </td> <td>30.6 </td> <td>13.9 </td> <td>28.1 </td> <td>11.8 </td> <td>7.0 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>2.7 </td> <td>1.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Niigata_Prefecture" title="Niigata Prefecture">Niigata</a> </td> <td>43.9 </td> <td>24.2 </td> <td>6.5 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>6.1 </td> <td>4.0 </td> <td>3.0 </td> <td>2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_Prefecture" title="Ōita Prefecture">Oita</a> </td> <td>36.5 </td> <td>22.4 </td> <td>7.6 </td> <td>14.1 </td> <td>5.3 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>5.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Okayama_Prefecture" title="Okayama Prefecture">Okayama</a> </td> <td>37.8 </td> <td>19.8 </td> <td>9.7 </td> <td>15.9 </td> <td>6.3 </td> <td>4.7 </td> <td>3.0 </td> <td>1.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a> </td> <td>23.8 </td> <td>20.2 </td> <td>6.0 </td> <td>20.9 </td> <td>9.7 </td> <td>3.1 </td> <td>5.9 </td> <td>8.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Prefecture" title="Osaka Prefecture">Osaka</a> </td> <td>20.4 </td> <td>9.0 </td> <td>42.5 </td> <td>13.4 </td> <td>7.6 </td> <td>2.2 </td> <td>2.8 </td> <td>1.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saga_Prefecture" title="Saga Prefecture">Saga</a> </td> <td>41.4 </td> <td>25.8 </td> <td>6.1 </td> <td>12.8 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>3.4 </td> <td>3.2 </td> <td>2.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture" title="Saitama Prefecture">Saitama</a> </td> <td>32.5 </td> <td>23.6 </td> <td>10.2 </td> <td>13.3 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>4.9 </td> <td>4.1 </td> <td>1.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shiga_Prefecture" title="Shiga Prefecture">Shiga</a> </td> <td>35.1 </td> <td>15.8 </td> <td>21.2 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>7.3 </td> <td>5.1 </td> <td>4.2 </td> <td>1.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shimane_Prefecture" title="Shimane Prefecture">Shimane</a> </td> <td>42.5 </td> <td>22.0 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>12.7 </td> <td>5.8 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>2.9 </td> <td>2.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka</a> </td> <td>39.3 </td> <td>20.9 </td> <td>9.7 </td> <td>11.3 </td> <td>5.6 </td> <td>7.0 </td> <td>3.6 </td> <td>1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tochigi_Prefecture" title="Tochigi Prefecture">Tochigi</a> </td> <td>38.1 </td> <td>24.5 </td> <td>10.3 </td> <td>11.7 </td> <td>4.5 </td> <td>4.2 </td> <td>3.6 </td> <td>1.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokushima_Prefecture" title="Tokushima Prefecture">Tokushima</a> </td> <td>35.8 </td> <td>15.6 </td> <td>17.0 </td> <td>14.4 </td> <td>6.9 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> </td> <td>31.0 </td> <td>20.1 </td> <td>13.3 </td> <td>11.1 </td> <td>10.4 </td> <td>4.7 </td> <td>5.6 </td> <td>1.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tottori_Prefecture" title="Tottori Prefecture">Tottori</a> </td> <td>36.5 </td> <td>23.7 </td> <td>7.9 </td> <td>16.5 </td> <td>6.0 </td> <td>3.2 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>1.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Toyama_Prefecture" title="Toyama Prefecture">Toyama</a> </td> <td>45.7 </td> <td>12.7 </td> <td>18.4 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>5.0 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>2.9 </td> <td>2.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_Prefecture" title="Wakayama Prefecture">Wakayama</a> </td> <td>33.8 </td> <td>11.1 </td> <td>21.5 </td> <td>15.8 </td> <td>7.2 </td> <td>5.7 </td> <td>2.6 </td> <td>0.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Prefecture" title="Yamagata Prefecture">Yamagata</a> </td> <td>41.7 </td> <td>20.9 </td> <td>5.1 </td> <td>12.4 </td> <td>6.0 </td> <td>6.9 </td> <td>3.4 </td> <td>2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_Prefecture" title="Yamaguchi Prefecture">Yamaguchi</a> </td> <td>49.6 </td> <td>14.7 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>14.4 </td> <td>5.4 </td> <td>2.8 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>1.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yamanashi_Prefecture" title="Yamanashi Prefecture">Yamanashi</a> </td> <td>39.7 </td> <td>24.8 </td> <td>6.0 </td> <td>11.7 </td> <td>6.5 </td> <td>4.5 </td> <td>4.1 </td> <td>1.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Japan</i> </td> <td>34.7 </td> <td>20.0 </td> <td>14.1 </td> <td>12.4 </td> <td>7.3 </td> <td>4.5 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>1.8 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reactions">Reactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The results were disappointing for Japan's left-wing opposition parties, who had sought to capitalize on the high disapproval ratings of <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Japan">LDP</a> administrations in 2020–2021. The two largest opposition parties, the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">CDP</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">JCP</a>, both lost seats compared to the outgoing parliament, despite their unified candidate agreement and joint policy platform.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CDP leader <a href="/wiki/Yukio_Edano" title="Yukio Edano">Yukio Edano</a> announced two days after the election that he would resign as leader following the party's performance, triggering a <a href="/wiki/Next_Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan_leadership_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Next Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan leadership election">leadership election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The right-wing populist <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ishin_no_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Ishin no Kai">Nippon Ishin no Kai</a> gained 30 seats, receiving strong support in its home region of <a href="/wiki/Osaka_prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka prefecture">Osaka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McCurry_2021_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCurry_2021-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ishin no Kai became the third-largest party in the chamber, which was seen by observers as a sign of voter dissatisfaction with both the ruling coalition and traditional opposition parties.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Japanese_constitutional_referendum" title="Proposed Japanese constitutional referendum">Proposed Japanese constitutional referendum</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Constitutional Democratic Party was formally re-founded in September 2020 following a merger between the CDP, a majority of the former <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_for_the_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party for the People">Democratic Party for the People</a> and some independent Diet members. The new party voted to retain the CDP name and Edano as leader.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CDPSC2-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CDPSC2_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The current CDP was formed in 2020 by a merger of the original CDP and the Democratic Party For the People, the formal successor to Kibō no Tō. Some former members of both Kibō no Tō and the DPFP had objected to the successive mergers and did not join the new CDP; going into the 2021 elections, the new CDP held 109 seats.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Kib%C5%8D_no_T%C5%8D" title="Kibō no Tō">Kibō no Tō</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-demparty-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-demparty_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Japan,_2016)" title="Democratic Party (Japan, 2016)">Democratic Party</a> merged with <a href="/wiki/Kib%C5%8D_no_T%C5%8D" title="Kibō no Tō">Kibō no Tō</a> in May 2018, forming the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_For_the_People" title="Democratic Party For the People">Democratic Party For the People</a>. The majority of the DPFP later merged with the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan">Constitutional Democratic Party</a> in September 2020. 14 members however refused to merge and instead formed a new party retaining the DPFP name and branding.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Pekkanen, Robert J.; Reed, Steven R.; Smith, Daniel M. (eds.). 2022. <i>Japan Decides 2021: The Japanese General Election</i>. Springer.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20211031_08/">"Voting for Japan's Lower House underway"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NHK_World-Japan" title="NHK World-Japan">NHK World-Japan</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Japan+election%3A+rightwing+populists+sweep+vote+in+Osaka&rft.date=2021-11-01&rft.aulast=McCurry&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2021%2Fnov%2F01%2Fjapan-election-rightwing-populists-sweep-vote-in-osaka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Japanese+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohnston2021" class="citation news cs1">Johnston, Eric (1 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/11/01/national/politics-diplomacy/opposition-election-strategy-analysis/">"Failed cooperation effort prompts soul-searching by Japan's opposition"</a>. <i>The Japan Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=LDP+secures+comfortable+majority+in+Lower+House+election&rft.date=2021-11-01&rft.aulast=Sugiyama&rft.aufirst=Satoshi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fnews%2F2021%2F11%2F01%2Fnational%2Fpolitics-diplomacy%2Fkishida-ldp-election-results%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Japanese+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_general_election&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Elections_in_Japan492" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Japan" title="Elections in Japan">Elections in Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1890_Japanese_general_election" title="1890 Japanese general election">1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Japanese_general_election" title="1892 Japanese general election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1894_Japanese_general_election" title="March 1894 Japanese general election">1894 (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1894_Japanese_general_election" title="September 1894 Japanese general election">1894 (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1898_Japanese_general_election" title="March 1898 Japanese general election">1898 (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1898_Japanese_general_election" title="August 1898 Japanese general election">1898 (Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Japanese_general_election" title="1902 Japanese general election">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Japanese_general_election" title="1903 Japanese general election">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Japanese_general_election" title="1904 Japanese general election">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Japanese_general_election" title="1908 Japanese general election">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Japanese_general_election" title="1912 Japanese general election">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Japanese_general_election" title="1915 Japanese general election">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Japanese_general_election" title="1917 Japanese general election">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Japanese_general_election" title="1920 Japanese general election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Japanese_general_election" title="1924 Japanese general election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Japanese_general_election" title="1928 Japanese general election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_Japanese_general_election" title="1930 Japanese general election">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Japanese_general_election" title="1932 Japanese general election">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Japanese_general_election" title="1936 Japanese general election">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Japanese_general_election" title="1937 Japanese general election">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Japanese_general_election" title="1942 Japanese general election">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Japanese_general_election" title="1946 Japanese general election">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Japanese_general_election" title="1947 Japanese general election">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Japanese_general_election" title="1949 Japanese general election">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Japanese_general_election" title="1952 Japanese general election">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Japanese_general_election" title="1953 Japanese general election">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Japanese_general_election" title="1955 Japanese general election">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Japanese_general_election" title="1958 Japanese general election">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Japanese_general_election" title="1960 Japanese general election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Japanese_general_election" title="1963 Japanese general election">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Japanese_general_election" title="1967 Japanese general election">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Japanese_general_election" title="1969 Japanese general election">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Japanese_general_election" title="1972 Japanese general election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Japanese_general_election" title="1976 Japanese general election">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Japanese_general_election" title="1979 Japanese general election">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Japanese_general_election" title="1980 Japanese general election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Japanese_general_election" title="1983 Japanese general election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Japanese_general_election" title="1986 Japanese general election">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Japanese_general_election" title="1990 Japanese general election">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Japanese_general_election" title="1993 Japanese general election">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Japanese_general_election" title="1996 Japanese general election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Japanese_general_election" title="2000 Japanese general election">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Japanese_general_election" title="2003 Japanese general election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Japanese_general_election" title="2005 Japanese general election">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Japanese_general_election" title="2009 Japanese general election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Japanese_general_election" title="2012 Japanese general election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Japanese_general_election" title="2014 Japanese general election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Japanese_general_election" title="2017 Japanese general election">2017</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Japanese_general_election" title="2024 Japanese general election">2024</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Next_Japanese_general_election" title="Next Japanese general election">Next</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Councillors_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Councillors (Japan)">Councillors elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1947_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1947 Japanese House of Councillors election">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1950 Japanese House of Councillors election">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1953 Japanese House of Councillors election">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1956 Japanese House of Councillors election">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1959 Japanese House of Councillors election">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1962 Japanese House of Councillors election">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1965 Japanese House of Councillors election">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1968 Japanese House of Councillors election">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1971 Japanese House of Councillors election">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1974 Japanese House of Councillors election">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1977 Japanese House of Councillors election">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1980 Japanese House of Councillors election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1983 Japanese House of Councillors election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1986 Japanese House of Councillors election">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1989 Japanese House of Councillors election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1992 Japanese House of Councillors election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1995 Japanese House of Councillors election">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="1998 Japanese House of Councillors election">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2001 Japanese House of Councillors election">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2004 Japanese House of Councillors election">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2007 Japanese House of Councillors election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2010 Japanese House of Councillors election">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2013 Japanese House of Councillors election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2016 Japanese House of Councillors election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2019 Japanese House of Councillors election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2022 Japanese House of Councillors election">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Japanese_House_of_Councillors_election" title="2025 Japanese House of Councillors election"><i>2025</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Local_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="Local elections">Unified local elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1947_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1947 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1951_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1951 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1955_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1955 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1959_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1959 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1963_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1963 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1967_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1967 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1971_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1971 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1975_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1975 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1979 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1983 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1987 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1995_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1995 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1999 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003_Japanese_unified_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2003 Japanese unified local elections (page does not exist)">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2007 Japanese unified local elections">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2011 Japanese unified local elections">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2015 Japanese unified local elections">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2019 Japanese unified local elections">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Japanese_unified_local_elections" title="2023 Japanese unified local elections">2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Japan" title="Supreme Court of Japan">Supreme Court retention elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1949_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1952_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1952 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1955_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1955 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1960_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1960 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1963_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1963 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1967_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1967 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1969_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1969 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1972_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1972 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1976 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1979 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1980 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1983 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1986_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1986 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1993 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1996_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1996 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2003 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2005_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2005 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2009_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2009 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2012_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2012 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2014_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2014 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2017 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_Japanese_retention_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2024 Japanese retention election (page does not exist)">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_gubernatorial_elections" title="Template:Japanese gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_prefectural_assembly_elections" title="Template:Japanese prefectural assembly elections">Prefectural Assembly elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2020_←_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_2021_elections_in_Japan_→_2022372" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2021_elections_in_Japan" title="Template:2021 elections in Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:2021_elections_in_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:2021 elections in Japan (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2021_elections_in_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2021 elections in Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2020_←_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_2021_elections_in_Japan_→_2022372" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Template:2020_elections_in_Japan" title="Template:2020 elections in Japan">2020 ←</a></span>   <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 2021 elections in Japan   <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Template:2022_elections_in_Japan" title="Template:2022 elections in Japan">→ 2022</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet" title="National Diet">National Diet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist hlist-pipe" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governor_(Japan)" title="Governor (Japan)">Governor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist hlist-pipe" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Miyagi_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Miyagi gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Miyagi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Akita_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Akita gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Akita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Yamagata_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Yamagata gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Yamagata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Ibaraki_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Ibaraki gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Ibaraki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Chiba_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Chiba gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Chiba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Gifu_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Gifu gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Gifu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Shizuoka_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Shizuoka gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Shizuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Mie_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Mie gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Mie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Hyogo_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Hyogo gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Hyogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Hiroshima_gubernatorial_election" title="2021 Hiroshima gubernatorial election">Hiroshima</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Fukuoka_gubernatorial_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Fukuoka gubernatorial election (page does not exist)">Fukuoka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prefectural assembly</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist hlist-pipe" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Tokyo_prefectural_election" title="2021 Tokyo prefectural election">Tokyo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mayor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist hlist-pipe" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Sendai_mayoral_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Sendai mayoral election (page does not exist)">Sendai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Saitama_mayoral_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Saitama mayoral election (page does not exist)">Saitama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Chiba_mayoral_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Chiba mayoral election (page does not exist)">Chiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Yokohama_mayoral_election" title="2021 Yokohama mayoral election">Yokohama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Kawasaki_mayoral_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Kawasaki mayoral election (page does not exist)">Kawasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Nagoya_mayoral_election" title="2021 Nagoya mayoral election">Nagoya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Kobe_mayoral_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Kobe mayoral election (page does not exist)">Kobe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Okayama_mayoral_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Okayama mayoral election (page does not exist)">Okayama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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