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.tmbox-move{border:2px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style> <table class="box-Wikificar plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-style" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> <b>Esta página ou se(c)ção precisa ser <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Wikifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Wikificação">formatada para o padrão wiki</a>.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> Por favor ajude a <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajuda:Guia_de_edi%C3%A7%C3%A3o/Formata%C3%A7%C3%A3o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ajuda:Guia de edição/Formatação">formatar</a> esta página de acordo com as <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Wikifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Como_ajudar" title="Wikipédia:Wikificação"><b>diretrizes</b></a> estabelecidas.</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Dezembro de 2020</span>)</i></small> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>O <b>latim vulgar</b> (do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim">latim</a> "<i>sermo vulgaris</i>": "fala popular") é um termo empregado para designar os <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dialecto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dialecto">dialectos</a> <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vern%C3%A1culo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vernáculo">vernáculos</a> do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim">latim</a> (as variações regionais) falado principalmente nas <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prov%C3%ADncia_romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Província romana">províncias</a> <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ocidente?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocidente">ocidentais</a> do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Romano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Império Romano">Império Romano</a>. Considera-se que a variação tenha ocorrido no período do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Século II">século II</a> ao <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_V?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Século V">século V</a> aproximadamente,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> até a diferenciação das línguas românicas primitivas (romanística, idiomas neolatinos); ou seja, é uma variante popular falada por antigos romanos e ancestral das <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_rom%C3%A2nicas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Línguas românicas">línguas românicas</a> modernas.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <table class="infobox"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Clássico</th> <th>Pós-clássico<br> e romance</th> <th>Português</th> </tr> <tr> <td><i>albus</i></td> <td><i>blancus</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/alvo" class="extiw" title="wikt:alvo">alvo</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/branco" class="extiw" title="wikt:branco">branco</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>bellum</i></td> <td><i>guerra</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/b%25C3%25A9lico" class="extiw" title="wikt:bélico">bélico</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/guerra" class="extiw" title="wikt:guerra">guerra</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>cogitare</i></td> <td><i>pensare</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/cogitar" class="extiw" title="wikt:cogitar">cogitar</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/pensar" class="extiw" title="wikt:pensar">pensar</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>cruor</i></td> <td><i>sanguis</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/cruorina" class="extiw" title="wikt:cruorina">cruorina</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/sangue" class="extiw" title="wikt:sangue">sangue</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>domus</i></td> <td><i>casa</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/domo" class="extiw" title="wikt:domo">domo</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/domic%25C3%25ADlio" class="extiw" title="wikt:domicílio">domícilio</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/casa" class="extiw" title="wikt:casa">casa</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>emere</i></td> <td><i>comparare</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/em%25C3%25A9rito" class="extiw" title="wikt:emérito">emérito</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/comprar" class="extiw" title="wikt:comprar">comprar</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>equus</i></td> <td><i>caballus</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/eq%25C3%25BCino" class="extiw" title="wikt:eqüino">equino</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/cavalo" class="extiw" title="wikt:cavalo">cavalo</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>felis</i></td> <td><i>cattus</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/felino" class="extiw" title="wikt:felino">felino</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/gato" class="extiw" title="wikt:gato">gato</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>ferre</i></td> <td><i>portare</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/portar" class="extiw" title="wikt:portar">portar</a> (<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/carregar" class="extiw" title="wikt:carregar">carregar</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>hortus</i></td> <td><i>gardinus</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/horto" class="extiw" title="wikt:horto">horto</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/horta" class="extiw" title="wikt:horta">horta</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/jardim" class="extiw" title="wikt:jardim">jardim</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>ignis</i></td> <td><i>focus</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/%25C3%25ADgneo" class="extiw" title="wikt:ígneo">ígneo</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/fogo" class="extiw" title="wikt:fogo">fogo</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>ludere</i></td> <td><i>jocare</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/eludir" class="extiw" title="wikt:eludir">eludir</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/l%25C3%25BAdico" class="extiw" title="wikt:lúdico">lúdico</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/jogar" class="extiw" title="wikt:jogar">jogar</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>magnus</i></td> <td><i>grandis</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/magn%25C3%25ADfico" class="extiw" title="wikt:magnífico">magnífico</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/grande" class="extiw" title="wikt:grande">grande</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>omnis</i></td> <td><i>totus</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/omni-" class="extiw" title="wikt:omni-">omni-</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/%25C3%25B4nibus" class="extiw" title="wikt:ônibus">ônibus</a>,<br><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/omnisciente" class="extiw" title="wikt:omnisciente">omnisciente</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/todo" class="extiw" title="wikt:todo">todos</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>os</i></td> <td><i>bucca</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/%25C3%25B3sculo" class="extiw" title="wikt:ósculo">ósculo</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/boca" class="extiw" title="wikt:boca">boca</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>pulcher</i></td> <td><i>bellus</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/pulcro" class="extiw" title="wikt:pulcro">pulcro</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/belo" class="extiw" title="wikt:belo">belo</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>scire</i></td> <td><i>sapere</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/science" class="extiw" title="wikt:science">ciência</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/saber" class="extiw" title="wikt:saber">saber</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><i>sidus</i></td> <td><i>stella</i></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/sideral" class="extiw" title="wikt:sideral">sideral</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/estrela" class="extiw" title="wikt:estrela">estrela</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ficheiro:Roman_Empire_330_CE.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Roman_Empire_330_CE.png/260px-Roman_Empire_330_CE.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Roman_Empire_330_CE.png/390px-Roman_Empire_330_CE.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Roman_Empire_330_CE.png/520px-Roman_Empire_330_CE.png 2x" data-file-width="2602" data-file-height="1393"></a> <figcaption> O <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Romano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Império Romano">Império Romano</a> em 330 d.C., com as áreas influenciadas pelo latim em vermelho. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Certas palavras do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_cl%C3%A1ssico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim clássico">latim clássico</a> foram tiradas do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vocabul%C3%A1rio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocabulário">vocabulário</a>. O clássico <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/equus" class="extiw" title="wikt:equus">equus</a></i>, "<a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cavalo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cavalo">cavalo</a>", foi substituído por <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/cavalo" class="extiw" title="wikt:cavalo">caballus</a></i> (mas note o <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_romena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua romena">romeno</a> <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/iap%25C4%2583" class="extiw" title="wikt:iapă">iapă</a></i>, <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_sarda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua sarda">sardo</a> <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/%25C3%25A8bba" class="extiw" title="wikt:èbba">èbba</a></i>, <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_espanhola?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Língua espanhola">espanhol</a> <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/yegua" class="extiw" title="wikt:yegua">yegua</a></i>, <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_catal%C3%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua catalã">catalão</a> <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/euga" class="extiw" title="wikt:euga">euga</a></i> e <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_portuguesa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua portuguesa">português</a> <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/%25C3%25A9gua" class="extiw" title="wikt:égua">égua</a></i> e derivadas do clássico <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/equa" class="extiw" title="wikt:equa">equa</a></i>).</p> <p>Uma lista parcial de <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palavra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palavra">palavras</a> que são exclusivamente <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_cl%C3%A1ssico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim clássico">clássicas</a> e aquelas que são produtos do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_rom%C3%A2nicas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Línguas românicas">românico</a> são encontradas na tabela à direita.</p> <p>Algumas dessas palavras, oriundas do românico, foram emprestadas de volta ao próprio <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim">latim</a>. As mudanças de <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vocabul%C3%A1rio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocabulário">vocabulário</a> afetaram mesmo as <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Morfema?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Morfema">partículas gramaticais básicas</a> do latim; há muitas que desapareceram sem deixar traços no romance, tal como <i>an, at, autem, donec, enim, ergo, etiam, haud, igitur, ita, nam, postquam, quidem, quin, quod, quoque, sed, utrum</i> e <i>vel</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Harrington_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Harrington-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Verbo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Verbo">Verbos</a> com <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Preposi%C3%A7%C3%A3o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Preposição">preposições</a> <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefixo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Prefixo">prefixadas</a> frequentemente apresentaram formas simples. O número de palavras formadas por tais <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sufixo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sufixo">sufixos</a> como <i>-bilis</i>, <i>-arius</i>, <i>-itare</i> e <i>-icare</i> cresceu. Estas mudanças ocorreram frequentemente para evitar formas irregulares ou para regularizar <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%AAnero_gramatical?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gênero gramatical">gêneros</a>.</p> <p>Por outro lado, uma vez que o latim vulgar e o próprio latim foram por muito tempo <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Hist%C3%B3ria" title="Latim">em sua história</a> diferentes registros da mesma língua, antes que diferentes línguas, algumas <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_rom%C3%A2nicas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Línguas românicas">línguas românicas</a> preservam palavras latinas que usualmente foram perdidas. Por exemplo, a palavra <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_italiana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua italiana">italiana</a> <i>ogni</i> ("tudo/todo") preserva a latina <i>omnes</i>. Outras línguas usam <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cognato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cognato">cognatos</a> de <i>totus</i> (<a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acusativo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Acusativo">acusativo</a> <i>totum</i>) para o mesmo significado; por exemplo <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/tutto" class="extiw" title="wikt:tutto">tutto</a></i> em italiano, <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/tudo" class="extiw" title="wikt:tudo">tudo</a></i>/<i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/todo" class="extiw" title="wikt:todo">todo</a></i> em <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_portuguesa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua portuguesa">português</a>, <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/todo" class="extiw" title="wikt:todo">todo</a></i> em <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_espanhola?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Língua espanhola">espanhol</a>, <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/tot" class="extiw" title="wikt:tot">tot</a></i> em <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_catal%C3%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua catalã">catalão</a>, <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/tout" class="extiw" title="wikt:tout">tout</a></i> em <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_francesa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua francesa">francês</a> e <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/tot" class="extiw" title="wikt:tot">tot</a></i> em <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_romena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua romena">romeno</a>.</p> <p>Algumas vezes, uma palavra em <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_cl%C3%A1ssico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim clássico">latim clássico</a> foi mantida ao lado de uma em latim vulgar. Em latim vulgar, a clássica <i>caput</i>, "cabeça", tornou-se <i>testa</i> (originalmente "pote") em algumas formas de <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_%C3%ADtalo-ocidentais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Línguas ítalo-ocidentais">romance ocidental</a>, incluindo francês e italiano. Mas o italiano, o francês e o catalão mantiveram a palavra latina sob a forma de <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/capo" class="extiw" title="wikt:capo">capo</a></i>, <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/chef" class="extiw" title="wikt:chef">chef</a></i> e <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/cap" class="extiw" title="wikt:cap">cap</a></i> as quais conservaram muitos significados <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Met%C3%A1fora?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metáfora">metafóricos</a> de "cabeça", incluindo "chefe". A palavra latina com o significado original é preservada em romeno como <i>cap</i>, junto com <i><span class="Unicode">ț</span>eastă</i>, ambas significando 'cabeça' no sentido <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anatomia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anatomia">anatômico</a>. <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dialeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dialeto">Dialetos</a> do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sul">sul</a> da <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/It%C3%A1lia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Itália">Itália</a> também preservam <i>capo</i> como a palavra normal para "cabeça". Espanhol e português têm <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/cabeza" class="extiw" title="wikt:cabeza">cabeza</a></i>/<i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/cabe%25C3%25A7a" class="extiw" title="wikt:cabeça">cabeça</a></i>, derivadas de *<i>capetia</i>, uma forma modificada de <i>caput</i>, enquanto em português <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/testa" class="extiw" title="wikt:testa">testa</a></i> foi conservada como a palavra para a parte frontal da cabeça.</p> <p>Frequentemente, palavras emprestadas diretamente do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literatura_latina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literatura latina">latim literário</a> em alguma época posterior, em vez de evoluída do latim vulgar, são encontradas lado a lado com a forma evoluída do vulgar. A falta de esperados desenvolvimentos <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fon%C3%A9tica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fonética">fonéticos</a> é uma pista que a palavra foi emprestada. Por exemplo, latim vulgar <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/fungus" class="extiw" title="wikt:fungus">fungus</a></i> (acusativo <i>fungum</i>), "<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/fungo" class="extiw" title="wikt:fungo">fungo</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/cogumelo" class="extiw" title="wikt:cogumelo">cogumelo</a>", a qual tornou a italiana <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/fungo" class="extiw" title="wikt:fungo">fungo</a></i>, catalã <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/fong" class="extiw" title="wikt:fong">fong</a></i>, portuguesa <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/fungo" class="extiw" title="wikt:fungo">fungo</a></i>, tornou-se <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/hongo" class="extiw" title="wikt:hongo">hongo</a></i> em espanhol, mostrando o <i>f</i> > <i>h</i> mudança comum no espanhol primitivo (cf. <i>filius</i> > espanhol <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/hijo" class="extiw" title="wikt:hijo">hijo</a></i>, "<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/filho" class="extiw" title="wikt:filho">filho</a>" ou <i>facere</i> > espanhol <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/hacer" class="extiw" title="wikt:hacer">hacer</a></i>, "<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/fazer" class="extiw" title="wikt:fazer">fazer</a>"). Mas o espanhol também tem <i>fungo</i>, a qual, por sua falta da esperada mudança de som, mostra que foi emprestada diretamente do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_cl%C3%A1ssico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim clássico">latim clássico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Harrington_2-1" class="reference"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Harrington-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>O latim vulgar continha grande número de palavras de <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Estrangeirismo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Estrangeirismo">origem estrangeira</a> não presentes nos <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literatura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literatura">textos literários</a>. Muitas palavras na <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medicina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medicina">medicina</a> foram escritas em <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grego?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Grego">grego</a> e palavras frequentemente emprestadas dessa fontes. Por exemplo, <i>gamba</i> ('junta do joelho'), originalmente um <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jarg%C3%A3o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jargão">termo</a> <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Veterin%C3%A1ria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Veterinária">veterinário</a> somente, substituiu a clássica palavra latina para "<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/perna" class="extiw" title="wikt:perna">perna</a>" (<i>crus</i>) na maioria das <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua">línguas</a> românicas, (cf. francês: <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/jambe" class="extiw" title="wikt:jambe">jambe</a></i>; italiano: <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/gamba" class="extiw" title="wikt:gamba">gamba</a></i>). Termos <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Culin%C3%A1ria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Culinária">culinários</a> também foram frequentemente emprestados de fontes gregas. Por exemplo: o calco da palavra grega deu <i>ficatum (iecur)'</i> (<a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%ADgado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fígado">fígado</a> de <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ganso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ganso">ganso</a>) e o <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Partic%C3%ADpio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Particípio">particípio</a> <i>ficatum</i> tornou-se a palavra comum para "<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/f%25C3%25ADgado" class="extiw" title="wikt:fígado">fígado</a>" latim vulgar (cf. espanhol: <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/higado" class="extiw" title="wikt:higado">higado</a></i>; francês: <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/foie" class="extiw" title="wikt:foie">foie</a></i>; italiano: <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/fegato" class="extiw" title="wikt:fegato">fegato</a></i>, ro. <i>ficat</i>). Importantes termos <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Religi%C3%A3o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Religião">religiosos</a> foram também tomados de termos escritos em grego, tais como <i>episcopos</i> (<a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bispo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bispo">bispo</a>), <i>presbyter</i> (<a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Presb%C3%ADtero?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Presbítero">presbítero</a>), <i>martyr</i>. Palavras emprestadas do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_gaulesa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Língua gaulesa">gaulês</a> incluem <i>caballos</i> ("cavalo" cf. <i>caballus</i>), e <i>karros</i> ("<a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Carro">carro</a>" cf. <i>carrus</i>).</p> <p>Uma visão nas mudanças de vocabulário do latim vulgar tardio na <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="França">França</a> podem ser vistas no Reichenau Glosses,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> escritas nas margens de uma<i> <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%ADblia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bíblia">Bíblia</a> <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vulgata?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vulgata">Vulgata</a></i>, explicando palavras em latim vulgar do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_IV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Século IV">século IV</a> cuja leitura não era mais compreensível no <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_VII?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Século VII">século VII</a>, quando os <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gloss%C3%A1rio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Glossário">glossários</a> eram escritos. Estes glossários demonstram mudanças vocabulares típicas nas <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_galo-rom%C3%A2nicas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Línguas galo-românicas">línguas galo-românicas</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Latim_vulgar&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>editar</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <ul> <li><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Appendix_Probi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Appendix Probi">Appendix Probi</a>, lista de erros ortográficos comuns no latim vulgar do século IV d.C.</li> </ul> </section> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso." class="section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_1-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_1-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/handle/1/16562/Curso_Let-Portug-Lit_Latim-Vulgar.pdf?sequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy"><i>Disciplina latim vulgar, 4º semestre</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Centro de Artes e Letras - <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Filologia_Rom%C3%A2nica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Filologia Românica">Filologia Românica/Romanística</a></i>. [S.l.]: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALatim+vulgar&rft.btitle=Disciplina+latim+vulgar%2C+4%BA+semestre&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=UNIVERSIDADE+FEDERAL+DE+SANTA+MARIA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepositorio.ufsm.br%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F1%2F16562%2FCurso_Let-Portug-Lit_Latim-Vulgar.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Harrington-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Harrington_2-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Harrington_2-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Harrington, K. P.; Pucci, J.; Elliott, A. G. (1997). <i>Medieval Latin</i> (2nd ed.). <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Chicago?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago Press</a>. <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0226317129?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-226-31712-9</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20071005100422/http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Latin_Vulgar/Vocabulary/Reichenau_Glosses.htm%23">«The Reichenau Glosses»</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 8 de junho de 2008</span>. Arquivado do <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Latin_Vulgar/Vocabulary/Reichenau_Glosses.htm">original</a> em 5 de outubro de 2007</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALatim+vulgar&rft.btitle=The+Reichenau+Glosses&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orbilat.com%2FLanguages%2FLatin_Vulgar%2FVocabulary%2FReichenau_Glosses.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Latim_vulgar&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>editar</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul> <li>MAURER JR., Theodoro Henrique <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://seer.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/download/3212/2939"><i>O Problema do Latim Vulgar</i>.</a> Rio de Janeiro, Livraria Acadêmica, 1962 (resenha). Por Nelly Novaes Coelho.</li> </ul> <table class="noprint" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:none; background:transparent; color: inherit"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ficheiro:Aton_(cropped).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Ícone de esboço" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/30px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 30px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/30px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png" data-alt="Ícone de esboço" data-width="30" data-height="30" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/45px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/60px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><i>Este artigo sobre <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lingu%C3%ADstica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Linguística">linguística</a> ou um linguista é um <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Esbo%C3%A7o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Esboço">esboço</a>. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DLatim_vulgar%26action%3Dedit">expandindo-o</a></span></b>.</i> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position:absolute; right:15px; font-size:smaller; display:none;"> <ul> <li class="nv-ver"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Esbo%C3%A7o-lingu%C3%ADstica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Predefinição:Esboço-linguística"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição">v</abbr></a></li> <li class="nv-discutir"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Esbo%C3%A7o-lingu%C3%ADstica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Predefinição Discussão:Esboço-linguística"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição">d</abbr></a></li> <li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DPredefini%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o:Esbo%25C3%25A7o-lingu%25C3%25ADstica%26action%3Dedit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição">e</abbr></a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><br clear="all"></p> <table align="center" id="toc"> <tbody> <tr align="center"> <th bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="8"> <div style="text-align:center; position:relative; white-space:nowrap;"> Eras do <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim">latim</a> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position:absolute; right:0; top:0; margin:0 5px;"> <ul> <li class="nv-ver"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Per%C3%ADodos_do_latim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Predefinição:Períodos do latim"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição">v</abbr></a></li> <li class="nv-discutir"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Per%C3%ADodos_do_latim&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Períodos do latim (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição">d</abbr></a></li> <li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DPredefini%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o:Per%25C3%25ADodos_do_latim%26action%3Dedit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição">e</abbr></a></li> </ul> </div> </div></th> </tr> <tr align="center"> <td></td> <td><i>—75 a.C.</i>   </td> <td><i>75 a.C. – 200</i>   </td> <td><i>200 – 900</i>   </td> <td><i>900 – 1300</i>   </td> <td><i>1300 – 1500</i>   </td> <td><i>1500 – presente</i>  </td> <td><i>1900 – presente</i></td> </tr> <tr align="center" valign="top"> <td></td> <td><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_antigo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim antigo">Latim antigo</a>   </td> <td><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_cl%C3%A1ssico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim clássico">Latim clássico</a><i>   </i></td> <td><i><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_tardio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim tardio">Latim tardio</a></i>   </td> <td><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_medieval?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim medieval">Latim medieval</a>   </td> <td><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Latim_renascentista&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Latim renascentista (página não existe)">Latim renascentista</a>  </td> <td><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neolatim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neolatim">Neolatim</a>   </td> <td><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_contempor%C3%A2neo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim contemporâneo">Latim contemporâneo</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #EEE; font-size: smaller;" align="center" colspan="8">Ver também: <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hist%C3%B3ria_do_latim&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="História do latim (página não existe)">História do latim</a>, <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literatura_latina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literatura latina">literatura latina</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">latim vulgar</a>, <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latim_eclesi%C3%A1stico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latim eclesiástico">latim eclesiástico</a>, <a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_rom%C3%A2nicas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Línguas românicas">línguas românicas</a>, <i><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum</a></i></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <ul class="noprint navigation-box" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-right: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; border-left: solid silver 1px; padding:3px; background-color: #F9F9F9; text-align: center; margin-top:10px; margin-left: 0; clear: both;"> <li style="display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap; margin: auto 1.5em"><span style="margin-right: 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ficheiro:Aton_(cropped).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portal da linguística"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/25px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 25px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/25px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="25" data-height="25" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/38px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/50px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span style="font-weight:bold"><a href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portal:Lingu%C3%ADstica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portal:Linguística">Portal da linguística</a></span></span></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DLatim_vulgar%26oldid%3D68898359">https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Latim_vulgar&oldid=68898359</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://pt-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Latim_vulgar&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Danfosky" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1730121836"> <span>Última edição a 28 de outubro de 2024, às 13h23min</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Línguas</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25AArlatyn" title="Vulgêrlatyn — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vulgêrlatyn" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25A4rlatein" title="Vulgärlatein — alemão suíço" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Vulgärlatein" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemão suíço" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25ADn_vulgar" title="Latín vulgar — aragonês" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Latín vulgar" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="لاتينية عامية — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لاتينية عامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llat%25C3%25ADn_vulgar" title="Llatín vulgar — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llatín vulgar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulqar_lat%25C4%25B1n_dili" title="Vulqar latın dili — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vulqar latın dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C" title="Народная латынь — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Народная латынь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Простонароден латински език — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Простонароден латински език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%2583%25E0%25A6%25A4_%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A8" title="প্রাকৃত লাতিন — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রাকৃত লাতিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgarni_latinski_jezik" title="Vulgarni latinski jezik — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Vulgarni latinski jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llat%25C3%25AD_vulgar" title="Llatí vulgar — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llatí vulgar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25A1rn%25C3%25AD_latina" title="Vulgární latina — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vulgární latina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lladin_Llafar" title="Lladin Llafar — galês" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lladin Llafar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25A6rlatin" title="Vulgærlatin — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vulgærlatin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25A4rlatein" title="Vulgärlatein — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vulgärlatein" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo destacado"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259B%25CE%25B1%25CF%258A%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AE_%25CE%259B%25CE%25B1%25CF%2584%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AE_%25CE%25B3%25CE%25BB%25CF%258E%25CF%2583%25CF%2583%25CE%25B1" title="Λαϊκή Λατινική γλώσσα — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λαϊκή Λατινική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgar_Latin" title="Vulgar Latin — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vulgar Latin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgara_latino" title="Vulgara latino — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vulgara latino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25ADn_vulgar" title="Latín vulgar — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Latín vulgar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgaarladina_keel" title="Vulgaarladina keel — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vulgaarladina keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_arrunt" title="Latin arrunt — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Latin arrunt" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25DB%258C%25D9%2586_%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2587" title="لاتین عامیانه — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لاتین عامیانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgaarilatina" title="Vulgaarilatina — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vulgaarilatina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_vulgaire" title="Latin vulgaire — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Latin vulgaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25ADn_vulgar" title="Latín vulgar — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Latín vulgar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259C%25D7%2598%25D7%2599%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA_%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%259C%25D7%2592%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA" title="לטינית וולגרית — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לטינית וולגרית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgarni_latinski_jezik" title="Vulgarni latinski jezik — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vulgarni latinski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25A1ris_latin" title="Vulgáris latin — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vulgáris latin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latino_vulgar" title="Latino vulgar — interlíngua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Latino vulgar" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlíngua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Latin_Umum" title="Bahasa Latin Umum — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Latin Umum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latino_volgare" title="Latino volgare — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Latino volgare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BF%2597%25E3%2583%25A9%25E3%2583%2586%25E3%2583%25B3%25E8%25AA%259E" title="俗ラテン語 — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="俗ラテン語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%25CC%25B1bun_Lati%25CC%25B1n" title="A̱bun Lati̱n — tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱bun Lati̱n" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%2586%258D%25EB%259D%25BC%25ED%258B%25B4%25EC%2596%25B4" title="속라틴어 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="속라틴어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sermo_vulgaris_Latinus" title="Sermo vulgaris Latinus — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sermo vulgaris Latinus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latina_demotica" title="Latina demotica — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Latina demotica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgair_Latien" title="Vulgair Latien — limburguês" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vulgair Latien" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_volgar" title="Latin volgar — lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Latin volgar" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaudies_lotyn%25C5%25B3_kalba" title="Liaudies lotynų kalba — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Liaudies lotynų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tautas_lat%25C4%25AB%25C5%2586u_valoda" title="Tautas latīņu valoda — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tautas latīņu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgair_Latijn" title="Vulgair Latijn — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vulgair Latijn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25A6rlatin" title="Vulgærlatin — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vulgærlatin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25A6rlatin" title="Vulgærlatin — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vulgærlatin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_vulgar" title="Latin vulgar — occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Latin vulgar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Vulgar" title="Latin Vulgar — papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Latin Vulgar" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%2581acina_ludowa" title="Łacina ludowa — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Łacina ludowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_volgar" title="Latin volgar — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Latin volgar" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latina_vulgar%25C4%2583" title="Latina vulgară — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Latina vulgară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C" title="Народная латынь — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Народная латынь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo destacado"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgarni_latinski_jezik" title="Vulgarni latinski jezik — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vulgarni latinski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgar_Latin" title="Vulgar Latin — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vulgar Latin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25BDudov%25C3%25A1_latin%25C4%258Dina" title="Ľudová latinčina — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ľudová latinčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljudska_latin%25C5%25A1%25C4%258Dina" title="Ljudska latinščina — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ljudska latinščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D1%2598%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Вулгарни латински језик — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вулгарни латински језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulg%25C3%25A4rlatin" title="Vulgärlatin — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vulgärlatin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halk_Latincesi" title="Halk Latincesi — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Halk Latincesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0" title="Народна латина — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Народна латина" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%2581_%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B7%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DB%258C" title="عامیانہ لاطینی — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عامیانہ لاطینی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%25E1%25BA%25BFng_Latinh_th%25C3%25B4ng_t%25E1%25BB%25A5c" title="Tiếng Latinh thông tục — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Latinh thông tục" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patw%25C3%25A8s_lat%25C3%25A9n" title="Patwès latén — valão" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Patwès latén" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%2580%259A%25E4%25BF%2597%25E6%258B%2589%25E4%25B8%2581%25E8%25AF%25AD" title="通俗拉丁语 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="通俗拉丁语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%2580%259A%25E4%25BF%2597%25E6%258B%2589%25E4%25B8%2581%25E8%25AF%25AD" title="通俗拉丁语 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="通俗拉丁语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thong-sio%25CC%258Dk_La-teng-g%25C3%25AD" title="Thong-sio̍k La-teng-gí — min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thong-sio̍k La-teng-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%2580%259A%25E4%25BF%2597%25E6%258B%2589%25E4%25B8%2581%25E8%25A9%25B1" title="通俗拉丁話 — cantonês" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="通俗拉丁話" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" alt="Wikipédia" width="119" height="18" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li 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