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<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arthur Leonard Schawlow</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 64 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88" title="آرثر شاولو – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آرثر شاولو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88" title="آرثر شاولو – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="آرثر شاولو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88" title="آرتور لئونارد شالو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آرتور لئونارد شالو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Артур Леанард Шаўлаў – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Артур Леанард Шаўлаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Артър Шолоу – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Артър Шолоу" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B" title="আর্থার লিওনার্ড শলো – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আর্থার লিওনার্ড শলো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Arthur Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88" title="آرتور لئونارد شالو – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آرتور لئونارد شالو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – mannois" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91" title="ארתור שולוב – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארתור שולוב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80_%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4_%D5%87%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Արթուր Լեոնարդ Շավլով – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արթուր Լեոնարդ Շավլով" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_L._Schawlow" title="Arthur L. Schawlow – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arthur L. Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arthur Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC" title="アーサー・ショーロー – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アーサー・ショーロー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ართურ ლეონარდ შავლოვი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ართურ ლეონარდ შავლოვი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Артур Леонард Шавлов – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Артур Леонард Шавлов" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%A0%88%EB%84%88%EB%93%9C_%EC%88%84%EB%A1%9C" title="아서 레너드 숄로 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아서 레너드 숄로" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%C5%ABrs_%C5%A0avlovs" title="Artūrs Šavlovs – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Artūrs Šavlovs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Артур Леонард Шавлов – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Артур Леонард Шавлов" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B" title="आर्थर लियोनार्ड शॉलो – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आर्थर लियोनार्ड शॉलो" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88" title="آرتور لئونارد شالو – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آرتور لئونارد شالو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B" title="आर्थर एल श्यालो – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="आर्थर एल श्यालो" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Arthur Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88" title="آرتھر شالو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آرتھر شالو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arthur Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Шавлов, Артур Леонард – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шавлов, Артур Леонард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B" title="आर्थर एल शालो – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="आर्थर एल शालो" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Артур Ленард Шолоу – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Артур Ленард Шолоу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_L._Schawlow" title="Arthur L. Schawlow – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arthur L. Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Arthur Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C" title="อาเธอร์ ลีโอนาร์ด ชอว์โลว์ – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาเธอร์ ลีโอนาร์ด ชอว์โลว์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arthur Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Артур Леонард Шавлов – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Артур Леонард Шавлов" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Артур Леонард Шавлов – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Артур Леонард Шавлов" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%B1_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88_%D8%A7%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88" title="آرتھر لیونارڈ اشکالو – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آرتھر لیونارڈ اشکالو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Arthur Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E8%82%96%E6%B4%9B" title="阿瑟·肖洛 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿瑟·肖洛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ართურ ლეონარდ შავლოვი – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ართურ ლეონარდ შავლოვი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E8%82%96%E6%B4%9B" title="阿瑟·肖洛 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿瑟·肖洛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q190503#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Artur_Schawlow%2C_Stanford_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></div><div class="legend">Arthur Leonard Schawlow</div></div><table><caption style="color:#000000;text-align:center;background-color:#EEEEFF">Biographie</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">Naissance</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p569"><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1921-05-05" data-sort-value="1921-05-05"><a href="/wiki/5_mai" title="5 mai">5</a> <a href="/wiki/Mai_1921" title="Mai 1921">mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a></time><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P569" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span><br /><span class="wd_p19"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon_(New_York)" title="Mount Vernon (New York)">Mount Vernon</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P19" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Décès</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p570"><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1999-04-28" data-sort-value="1999-04-28"><a href="/wiki/28_avril" title="28 avril">28</a> <a href="/wiki/Avril_1999" title="Avril 1999">avril</a> <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a></time><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P570" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> (à 77 ans)<br /><span class="wd_p20"><a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto" title="Palo Alto">Palo Alto</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P20" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Nationalité</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p27"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">américaine</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P27" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Formation</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p69"><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Toronto" title="Université de Toronto">Université de Toronto</a><br />Vaughan Road Academy <small>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaughan_Road_Academy" class="extiw" title="en:Vaughan Road Academy"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article sur Wikipédia en anglais">en</span></a>)</small><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P69" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Activités</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p106"><a href="/wiki/Physicien" title="Physicien">Physicien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enseignement" title="Enseignement">professeur d'université</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inventeur" title="Inventeur">inventeur</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P106" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="color:#000000;text-align:center;background-color:#EEEEFF">Autres informations</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">A travaillé pour</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p108"><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Columbia" title="Université Columbia">Université Columbia</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P108" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Membre de</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p463"><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_nationale_des_sciences" title="Académie nationale des sciences">Académie américaine des sciences</a> <small>(<time>1970</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_am%C3%A9ricaine_de_physique" title="Société américaine de physique">Société américaine de physique</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_am%C3%A9ricaine_des_arts_et_des_sciences" title="Académie américaine des arts et des sciences">Académie américaine des arts et des sciences</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P463" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Distinctions</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p166"><a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_physique" title="Prix Nobel de physique">Prix Nobel de physique</a> <small>(<time>1981</time>)</small><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P166" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span><br /><div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:none"><b>Liste détaillée</b><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="line-height:150%"><span class="wd_p166">Médaille Stuart-Ballantine <small>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_Ballantine_Medal" class="extiw" title="en:Stuart Ballantine Medal"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article sur Wikipédia en anglais">en</span></a>)</small> <small>(<time>1962</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Physics" title="Institute of Physics">Young Medal and Prize</a> <small>(<time>1963</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_comm%C3%A9morative_IEEE_Morris_N._Liebmann" title="Médaille commémorative IEEE Morris N. Liebmann">Médaille commémorative IEEE Morris N. Liebmann</a> <small>(<time>1964</time>)</small><br />Prix mémorial Richtmyer <small>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richtmyer_Memorial_Award" class="extiw" title="en:Richtmyer Memorial Award"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article sur Wikipédia en anglais">en</span></a>)</small> <small>(<time>1970</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_Frederic-Ives" title="Médaille Frederic-Ives">Médaille Frederic-Ives</a> <small>(<time>1976</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Prix_Marconi" title="Prix Marconi">Prix Marconi</a> <small>(<time>1977</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_physique" title="Prix Nobel de physique">Prix Nobel de physique</a> <small>(<time>1981</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Science" title="National Medal of Science">National Medal of Science</a> <small>(<time>1991</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/National_Inventors_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Inventors Hall of Fame">National Inventors Hall of Fame</a> <small>(<time>1996</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Prix_de_recherche_Humboldt" title="Prix de recherche Humboldt">Prix de recherche Humboldt</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Fondation_Alexander-von-Humboldt" title="Fondation Alexander-von-Humboldt">Humboldt Research Fellowship</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Optical_Society" title="Optical Society">Fellow of the Optical Society</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#P166" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar noprint bordered navigation-not-searchable" style="border-top:1px solid #EEEEFF"><span class="plainlinks" style="text-align:left"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&veaction=edit&section=0">modifier</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&action=edit&section=0">modifier le code</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503" class="extiw" title="d:Q190503">modifier Wikidata</a></span><span style="text-align:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Biographie2" title="Documentation du modèle"><img alt="Documentation du modèle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></p></div> <p><b>Arthur Leonard Schawlow</b> (<time class="nowrap bday" datetime="1921-05-05" data-sort-value="1921-05-05">5 mai 1921</time> - <time class="nowrap dday" datetime="1999-04-28" data-sort-value="1999-04-28">28 avril 1999</time>) est un <a href="/wiki/Physicien" title="Physicien">physicien</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">américain</a>. Il est colauréat avec <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Nicolaas Bloembergen</a> de la moitié du <a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_physique" title="Prix Nobel de physique">prix Nobel de physique</a> de 1981 pour la <a href="/wiki/Spectroscopie" title="Spectroscopie">spectroscopie</a> <a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">laser</a><sup id="cite_ref-laureat_nobel_1981_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laureat_nobel_1981-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biographie">Biographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Biographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Biographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Schawlow naît à <a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon_(New_York)" title="Mount Vernon (New York)">Mount Vernon</a> dans le <a href="/wiki/Comt%C3%A9_de_Westchester" title="Comté de Westchester">comté de Westchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_de_New_York" title="État de New York">New York</a>, sa mère est canadienne tandis que son père est un <a href="/wiki/Immigration" title="Immigration">immigré</a> <a href="/wiki/Lettonie" title="Lettonie">letton</a>. La famille déménage à <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> alors qu'il a trois ans. </p><p>À 16 ans il entre à l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Toronto" title="Université de Toronto">université de Toronto</a>. Ses études sont interrompues par la <a href="/wiki/Seconde_Guerre_mondiale" title="Seconde Guerre mondiale">Seconde Guerre mondiale</a>. Il retourne à Toronto en 1945 pour commencer son <a href="/wiki/Philosophi%C3%A6_doctor" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosophiæ doctor">Ph.D.</a> sous la direction de Malcolm Crawford. Il effectue ses recherches postdoctorales à l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Columbia" title="Université Columbia">université Columbia</a> en 1949. </p><p>En 1951 il se marie avec Aurelia Townes, plus jeune sœur de <a href="/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes">Charles Townes</a>, ils ont trois enfants, l'un d'eux est <a href="/wiki/Autisme" title="Autisme">autiste</a>. Schawlow et <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Robert Hofstadter</a>, qui lui aussi a un enfant autiste, s'aident mutuellement pour trouver des solutions, plus tard Hofstadter et Schawlow montent une institution s'occupant d'autistes à <a href="/wiki/Paradise_(Californie)" title="Paradise (Californie)">Paradise</a>, cette institution sera renommée Arthur Schawlow Center en 1999 peu avant sa mort. Schawlow a été un des promoteurs d'une thérapie controversée pour le traitement des autistes, la <a href="/wiki/Communication_facilit%C3%A9e" title="Communication facilitée">communication facilitée</a>. Son épouse est décédée en 1991 à 67 ans. </p><p>Schawlow est le coauteur de <i>Microwave Spectroscopy</i> (1955) avec Charles Townes. Il accepte un poste aux <a href="/wiki/Laboratoires_Bell" title="Laboratoires Bell">laboratoires Bell</a> en 1951 et le quitte en 1961 pour entrer à l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Stanford" title="Université Stanford">université Stanford</a> comme professeur, poste qu'il occupe jusqu'à sa retraite en 1996. </p><p>En 1991 la <a href="/wiki/NEC" title="NEC">NEC Corporation</a> a établi un prix, le <i>Arthur L. Schawlow Prize in Laser Science</i> qui récompense annuellement « les candidats qui ont effectué une contribution exceptionnelle à la recherche fondamentale utilisant des lasers »<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ce prix est distribué chaque année par l'<a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_am%C3%A9ricaine_de_physique" title="Société américaine de physique">American Physical Society</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recherches">Recherches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Recherches" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Recherches"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bien que ses recherches se concentrent en <a href="/wiki/Optique" title="Optique">optique</a>, particulièrement sur les <a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">lasers</a> et leurs utilisations en <a href="/wiki/Spectroscopie" title="Spectroscopie">spectroscopie</a>, il travaille aussi dans le domaine de la <a href="/wiki/Supraconductivit%C3%A9" title="Supraconductivité">supraconductivité</a> et la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9sonance_magn%C3%A9tique_nucl%C3%A9aire" title="Résonance magnétique nucléaire">résonance magnétique nucléaire</a>. </p><p>Schawlow et <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Nicolaas Bloembergen</a> sont colauréats d'une moitié du <a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_physique" title="Prix Nobel de physique">prix Nobel de physique</a> de 1981 (l'autre moitié a été remise à <a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">Kai Siegbahn</a>) <span class="citation">« pour leurs contributions au développement de la <a href="/wiki/Spectroscopie" title="Spectroscopie">spectroscopie</a> <a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">laser</a><sup id="cite_ref-laureat_nobel_1981_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laureat_nobel_1981-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> »</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-laureat_nobel_1981-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-laureat_nobel_1981_1-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-laureat_nobel_1981_1-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="citation not_fr_quote" lang="en">« <span class="italique">for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy</span> »</span> <i>in</i> Personnel de rédaction, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1981/"><i>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981</i></a> », <a href="/wiki/Fondation_Nobel" title="Fondation Nobel">Fondation Nobel</a>, 2010. Consulté le 21 juin 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/schawlow.cfm">Arthur L. Schawlow Prize, site de l'American Physical Society</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nap.edu/aschawlow.pdf">Biographie</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF)">[PDF]</abbr> sur le site du <i><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_nationale_des_sciences_(%C3%89tats-Unis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Académie nationale des sciences (États-Unis)">National Academy of Sciences</a></i></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1981/schawlow/facts/">Faits saillants</a> sur le site de la <a href="/wiki/Fondation_Nobel" title="Fondation Nobel">fondation Nobel</a> (le bandeau sur la page comprend plusieurs liens relatifs à la remise du prix, dont un document rédigé par la personne lauréate — le <i>Nobel Lecture</i> — qui détaille ses apports)</li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123051175">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123051175">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/031926134">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85134775">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/111411750">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p291399665">Pays-Bas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987012658474505171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nukat.edu.pl/aut/n%20%2095300838">NUKAT</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ctu2014826128">Tchéquie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n85-134775">WorldCat</a></span></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190503?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arthur-L-Schawlow"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/schawlow-arthur-leonard"><i>Brockhaus</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//Arthur_L._Schawlow/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Schawlow%2C%2BArthur.html"><i>Enciclopedia De Agostini</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0061299.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=54835"><i>Hrvatska Enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3972928"><i>Internetowa encyklopedia PWN</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/arthur-l-schawlow"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=00000016469">Munzinger</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Arthur_L._Schawlow"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/arthur-leonard-schawlow"><i>Treccani</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/arthur-leonard-schawlow/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/Straipsnis/arthur-leonard-schawlow"><i>Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style="margin:auto; background-color:#F6F6F6;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f7f8ff;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Succession/Pr%C3%A9sidence_de_l%27OSA" title="Voir ce modèle."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div><div style="font-size:110%; overflow:hidden;">Président de l’<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Optical Society</span></i></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="text-align:center; width:30%;">Précédé par </th> <th class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="text-align:center; width:40%;"> </th> <th class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="text-align:center; width:30%;">Suivi par </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#DDEEFF;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; padding-top:3px"> <tbody><tr> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=F._Dow_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F. Dow Smith (page inexistante)">F. Dow Smith</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F._Dow_Smith" class="extiw" title="en:F. Dow Smith"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « F. Dow Smith »">(en)</span></a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:1px; text-align:center; background-color:#99AAFF;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; padding-top:3px"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:bottom"><b>Arthur Leonard Schawlow</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top">1975 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#DDEEFF;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; padding-top:3px"> <tbody><tr> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_P._Stoicheff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boris P. Stoicheff (page inexistante)">Boris P. Stoicheff</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_P._Stoicheff" class="extiw" title="en:Boris P. Stoicheff"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Boris P. Stoicheff »">(en)</span></a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="banner" colspan="3"><b><a href="/wiki/Optical_Society#Présidents_de_l'OSA" title="Optical Society">Liste complète des présidents successifs de l'Optical Society</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table><table class="navbox collapsible noprint collapsed" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Laur%C3%A9ats_du_prix_Nobel_de_physique" title="Modèle:Palette Lauréats du prix Nobel de physique"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Laur%C3%A9ats_du_prix_Nobel_de_physique&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%">Lauréats du <a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_physique" title="Prix Nobel de physique">prix Nobel de physique</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">1901–1925</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Röntgen">Röntgen</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Lorentz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Becquerel" title="Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P. Curie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M. Curie</a> (1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Strutt_Rayleigh" title="John William Strutt Rayleigh">Rayleigh</a> (1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Thomson</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_A._Michelson" title="Albert A. Michelson">Michelson</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Braun" title="Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Kamerlingh Onnes</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Laue</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">W. H. Bragg</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W. L. Bragg</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_%C3%89douard_Guillaume" title="Charles Édouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Millikan</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Manne_Georg_Siegbahn" title="Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn">M. Siegbahn</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Hertz" title="Gustav Hertz">Hertz</a> (1925)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">1926–1950</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Perrin" title="Jean Perrin">Perrin</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Compton" title="Arthur Compton">Compton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">C. Wilson</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">O. Richardson</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">De Broglie</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrashekhara_Venkata_R%C3%A2man" title="Chandrashekhara Venkata Râman">Râman</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Franz_Hess" title="Victor Franz Hess">Hess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">C. D. Anderson</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Joseph_Davisson" title="Clinton Joseph Davisson">Davisson</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">Thomson</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Orlando_Lawrence" title="Ernest Orlando Lawrence">Lawrence</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Stern</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Bridgman</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Appleton" title="Edward Appleton">Appleton</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Blackett" title="Patrick Blackett">Blackett</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Yukawa</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Frank_Powell" title="Cecil Frank Powell">Powell</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">1951–1975</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Bloch" title="Félix Bloch">Bloch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_Zernike" title="Frederik Zernike">Zernike</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_Eugene_Lamb" title="Willis Eugene Lamb">Lamb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">Shockley</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Brattain</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">T. D. Lee</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Tcherenkov" title="Pavel Tcherenkov">Cherenkov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilia_Frank" title="Ilia Frank">Frank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igor_Tamm" title="Igor Tamm">Tamm</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Segrè</a>, <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Arthur_Glaser" title="Donald Arthur Glaser">Glaser</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Mössbauer</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Landau</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" title="Eugene Wigner">Wigner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Daniel_Jensen" title="Hans Daniel Jensen">Jensen</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes">Townes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikola%C3%AF_Bassov" title="Nikolaï Bassov">Bassov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Mikha%C3%AFlovitch_Prokhorov" title="Alexandre Mikhaïlovitch Prokhorov">Prokhorov</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sin-Itiro_Tomonaga" title="Sin-Itiro Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger">Schwinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Bethe</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Walter_Alvarez" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Alvarez</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel">Néel</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Gabor</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Neil_Cooper" title="Leon Neil Cooper">Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_David_Josephson" title="Brian David Josephson">Josephson</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aage_Bohr" title="Aage Bohr">A. Bohr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Roy_Mottelson" title="Ben Roy Mottelson">Mottelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">1976–2000</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ting" title="Samuel Ting">Ting</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Warren_Anderson" title="Philip Warren Anderson">P. W. Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevill_Mott" title="Nevill Mott">Mott</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Hasbrouck_van_Vleck" title="John Hasbrouck van Vleck">Van Vleck</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piotr_Kapitsa" title="Piotr Kapitsa">Kapitsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias">Penzias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">R. Wilson</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Glashow" title="Sheldon Glashow">Glashow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Salam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg_(physicien)" title="Steven Weinberg (physicien)">Weinberg</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Watson_Cronin" title="James Watson Cronin">Cronin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Val_Logsdon_Fitch" title="Val Logsdon Fitch">Fitch</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Bloembergen</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Schawlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">K. Siegbahn</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Geddes_Wilson" title="Kenneth Geddes Wilson">K. Wilson</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Fowler" title="William Fowler">Fowler</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">van der Meer</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Georg_Bednorz" title="Johannes Georg Bednorz">Bednorz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Alexander_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Alexander Müller">Müller</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Lederman" title="Leon Lederman">Lederman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Schwartz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Steinberger</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_Ramsey" title="Norman Foster Ramsey">Ramsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Dehmelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul" title="Wolfgang Paul">Paul</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Isaac_Friedman" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman">Friedman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Kendall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Taylor" title="Richard E. Taylor">R. Taylor</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Charpak" title="Georges Charpak">Charpak</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Alan_Hulse" title="Russell Alan Hulse">Hulse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooton_Taylor" title="Joseph Hooton Taylor">J. Taylor</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertram_Brockhouse" title="Bertram Brockhouse">Brockhouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Shull" title="Clifford Shull">Shull</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Lewis_Perl" title="Martin Lewis Perl">Perl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Morris_Lee" title="David Morris Lee">D. Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Osheroff" title="Douglas Osheroff">Osheroff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">R. Richardson</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_D._Phillips" title="William D. Phillips">Phillips</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Laughlin" title="Robert B. Laughlin">Laughlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horst_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Störmer">Störmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Tsui" title="Daniel Tsui">Tsui</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_%27t_Hooft" title="Gerard 't Hooft">'t Hooft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martinus_Veltman" title="Martinus Veltman">Veltman</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaur%C3%A8s_Alferov" title="Jaurès Alferov">Alferov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Depuis 2001</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Cornell" title="Eric Cornell">Cornell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieman" title="Carl Wieman">Wieman</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis_Jr." title="Raymond Davis Jr.">Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alekse%C3%AF_Abrikossov" title="Alekseï Abrikossov">Abrikosov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Ginzburg" title="Vitaly Ginzburg">Ginzburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Leggett" title="Anthony Leggett">Leggett</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_J._Gross" title="David J. Gross">Gross</a>, <a href="/wiki/H._David_Politzer" title="H. David Politzer">Politzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" title="Roy J. Glauber">Glauber</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_Hall" title="John Lewis Hall">Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Hänsch</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Fitzgerald_Smoot" title="George Fitzgerald Smoot">Smoot</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Nambu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(physicien)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (physicien)">Kobayashi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa">Maskawa</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kao" title="Charles Kao">Kao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Novoselov</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_P._Schmidt" title="Brian P. Schmidt">Schmidt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Riess</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Wineland" title="David Wineland">Wineland</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._McDonald" title="Arthur B. McDonald">McDonald</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Kosterlitz" title="John M. Kosterlitz">Kosterlitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Haldane" title="Duncan Haldane">Haldane</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_J._Thouless" title="David J. Thouless">Thouless</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Weiss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barry_C._Barish" title="Barry C. Barish">Barish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Thorne</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Ashkin</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Mourou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">Peebles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Mayor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Queloz</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Genzel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez">Ghez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Parisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Hasselmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe">Manabe</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">Clauser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Zeilinger</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Agostini" title="Pierre Agostini">Agostini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anne_L%27Huillier" title="Anne L'Huillier">L'Huillier</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_Hopfield" title="John Joseph Hopfield">Hopfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="" colspan="2"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel" title="Prix Nobel">Prix Nobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_chimie" title="Prix Nobel de chimie">Chimie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_litt%C3%A9rature" title="Prix Nobel de littérature">Littérature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_la_paix" title="Prix Nobel de la paix">Paix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_de_la_Banque_de_Su%C3%A8de_en_sciences_%C3%A9conomiques_en_m%C3%A9moire_d%27Alfred_Nobel" title="Prix de la Banque de Suède en sciences économiques en mémoire d'Alfred Nobel">Économie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_physique" title="Prix Nobel de physique">Physique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_physiologie_ou_m%C3%A9decine" title="Prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine">Physiologie ou médecine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span 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