CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.hindawi.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '921240231edffdb6',cH: 'zGuPKfOfGzHsh.rtkIWPFrNIoVKgQuw1XC3A6EA5Kj0-1742107136-1.2.1.1-VkQ.nhnI2WaIityt8T17jCXt2cKTooSbkY_e9ctHBXUfar9M6AW2LAcXeBnyceRF',cUPMDTk: "\/journals\/mbd\/?__cf_chl_tk=k2oOcOFtQIcJ79Rn1UKzquSrWQt8lQm0d70WDmK8SrQ-1742107136-1.0.1.1-m.Lo_8ZfQtrscBPv7X_wiY_9YEF3cTFul1x0t5QOmDU",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1742107136',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/journals\/mbd\/?__cf_chl_f_tk=k2oOcOFtQIcJ79Rn1UKzquSrWQt8lQm0d70WDmK8SrQ-1742107136-1.0.1.1-m.Lo_8ZfQtrscBPv7X_wiY_9YEF3cTFul1x0t5QOmDU",md: "an._vJd6u2jd5ggYuAkGcF1299C.Gy_LEj082j0RkpE-1742107136-1.2.1.1-2mho35O.UZwIrNyua2T_26N1r4WM.xVt5dKSUjNOYekFvbHMGSTdodOZrPHxHUJggME.NDd3OHB164qW5MWZch7PVa5jshEFBZ9MmYU4shhsY5AapOsXi27z9T2f_Xd3y2wkCtQ_BVxJyVp2wwDO51Kut_A3VsQmq00IHxRAkSZoTIkyJS2QW953.zJbFaBZ3icv1Y.eAnXb3hQlhpOlFjdq0XaW6bJnw28isZ5FQnzsTX5fbSih2hMW.Wv0rTOKwPpQOMS3sqikLlLeekJhUb6PA3um8uBJuvxAzeuFtqlhc56un9y58v5UfoPHDsEiUnTtpvAFz.nNGOIOaLIfTAgpAskfcyE.JIm89Pz3hBMB9ghBzg6K4HnEIBKw5sE_bPUCJmljzy05GT7P8X4RXX4UGu_dr1aBLrAk09BJOUo53LRrktW1i4XfM4TUR95dfiexqaQFsOs8HfVOH8rs5TQJLtCSBEfbm53_5ygQcjzyGkqFd59.ZIuBUQXjjVASM2e2bIDbu4JUWzEaVJjcbR5Vrn.G_WcT5x9QwV6v_ELAeiXS5Q6qflFC7zcGAOiFha9Xq6Md4.YhzaZUcai1M1KxytnYynRUDhoPAqJh1V6RJAb6sA4kJy69BAHjQcS73HprDD5StuYDHceY36wVq4YN_Rc_QqA4mXY9bKrerDjGJGe02iFJ905mP7zwE4deWZjGyyBRW0yAlX5DjI9WJ5_H2ncIfnXtYay3kvdgMj7gSJVPTnAn9dvO4iaDg49JkeNruR7e3_BUiDRo0J.OjpLSdLUdXXauYCt10G0C4ZxJ1ckO6hgTreCU1IBzOJ2ywMPR1XvO8lmVubnaOuiX2yKBoZzBmWD3rGqp8r9OYpiQI8QmxRNQd_Sd9Un9_dZny5l6n1g.UlKccKQ_Sv3QQuzoqITYPtGtzaU..Jto.uEqq.6jmIyVBOIPAXPQT8JxK1fYarSsRAUVzezm7uMePyNiZIWK5fusdQBS648SxuqSXl_bN4NBjXB1fskB2kJOPepK3qBJ8mfML9nySj15WvWP1l5tcQN9dU_u1Kjf066EMXYGR2IjfCGrOe1DC1XtuJrUW3_QER8821XJnKh77lMNSleGjZMspQIHG7IC6zsHJVDmiKIAusPlTlfZRcbqeDf1n7FTe4c4lTruT5cUQlf1DgS0YakPH5T0ireTXMIo.olyt_NttAgK4BhdhZx2jMIkRPfKKApxSTrqX1CCtzTJfJDSFmbQSqURJsl338U",mdrd: "1S.4vcFDbImZTEVoHbesgum6wW7gbR2bVIxOjPCaIY0-1742107136-1.2.1.1-ZwTXjdRu3_cwmtC6FtOIRGBU470go0HxyxTVFPnC_W0.WCn1V0OeNXA9N7bNUpAIg4XKkVcVlrEc61LTlko1DVirFDhxuYtH9eLN1vOX_fkWJXmV_vuDf36JdgcUcSWdWFzrRTXZTHZ6I76OaaERYhG6MOwcwPuBES.7Z4PhCZ5Qjmjg08GHXQ3RuKeDOsDMTnq8oTFSFS7v.ZOEpdIar0RsfPxtSOF0HwyoEfzD13kT1Jl4rjG3Ey5VLjuxFj5iEAjZ2RZuCbRRWWf6_80.sqkbWIOWmPvSoygBFixn.lBrjwoJDD_vEHL2Mm.Y1LRMWeTZP.XToDaPWvBoKQqWUnYgQ8vWEHkCg6RQJsFeItzc9xVrHL_yUOQzLer2HGTF99cZJGHX.35uoqfxhbuokoeNLqLLaKRtCo7E8iK8HUin5ESCFgFsTD1SqSuwWjE_gQ45uafkefMxClKlizzLizlNnSWz2e1EgdJs0wrExgpvRNuP4MAvuLrQVx4lrGtUGjIRpFIKRLZI9u3t.Mj6xxEjop_tGZZvRei.bgFyeKIuF5kSelSr373vuTirbh2rofTb.JhHumKWeeJNoCVB3qGtZYr4QXAD4ac5791XJmu03BLqhLpQvqayVJw1ee_FArTvzP4pz21OeGHJr.nut9AVulD1iMWiN2pSIR12Bcb4LTsYv4kkQeYUdGP4m14l14xWFg6HqxnJYXd0jAWUG7huimL7MgwoOpSNUnW0g7nEWYaCyCLqsVB8qCDnufLd2kHsSA_PRr2Y4_Hs258vuvxnSlJN1uSlYLucnQopcVw6n4kiIi3qp_xq0TyxeT3w92Ab.LfKY4B.pEnxRLo04xVgtm1a5x0rYTbJpasJnpEPMrQmNQl7rUNhzdaLVv2kl0IBeDj_oqaYHjcwArKgUspkVzGjJeRaXqNf4EX_H00XD_IzfZAKezyewcMj.9pyhnVqPlSeWPAyFpiNnW3bdIzIEYS6fgZgDFaKwYq7TFaR3_TSNNBIgflwrUSOxzhUCrgw4LJmxbpF1pQya8MhJQe2s0E2di9HtaDkDib9wD2GHrNaCeyQcpCng0MeYKDQibTojG52JVpA1APor6PeYyl.wZbcqZIi7TQZwAR4g7rOIyE5ZGg3QZ8zfxnFanmHklIOOML_VSM_KoT_f2J7TE.v8xkfQ9_DwXs2RdxVI9ToTRK4um3AM9Mk6k4iwyJLrrATSVFsKKeczvk6FAEiYthnZqmJX0wemcb8tQ0zePFJ0f23NpFNvO4hOe2IJRMk32d1Z8J_CiIEYY3Bv4aZsEdzn2xfJAe64ATLwcxDLg.a4XXaSYuUdaY2GMTJtzQL.n5R98y696Uu88vTpO0KxGQd14znEykrEtAA9Op5MozYgHBjQlz0CE14UMiurvC0aUBbzvAJAO6fWRzrK5hLjtgLqkTfUL2EHcOknqpBn272J8Lk5iumLuIMLJ8s2_Z4KpxPn6cxRI7ldCru46ySJseUAe3W5wYQICZ4F1e1P_aIrP9ZJ3Bo6z4SQrI1TmxeIvdx50_b80.IVr1khrD6WGDL038n33m6OixwKfXXxx7YUWyHhteSXKFMkW7wMp1XYYRYwPHozn0YnUL61bygKlFKrvoXBXJnOb7XTdivNCIRywQNdKXS_Ny0xgDCErSaqzD9.Uht..vg9ZiMlgRmRQPqK6nLbp2FYD6fN.CXb9ZPVWUTwBFYNazw4nqsN5_flx1RZChLHmJDQhOYXAefTMPUBXiX4KLUkvI487bv1.NypwT8lLytG_61iLzTRM3TqVj9UQM17zdoEAodLq3A1ZJNO0CnEV61thW6ddBvvEjRtbceB65RQ07DuWYkHV.oZ9.TJfNrvy2zCTFaCT5fkIRyb6yg8VHM4j9IiYFI4THs__ZQUjNM6WD7P2sIaRsqVcvDKL7yiXJ_McgxpE24HQpkYzEgZSDC9fLx2Z92x_ybog5F8QOlZ5fayRxapnWxaMbpbTlPYsCh5OzOc1Dli2pjPnpdxT_jvhkCbG6eo0RVrWa.PRhIldvo.QWRxIrBgIxynT1vv_NVWbqDFPIUOw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=921240231edffdb6';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/journals\/mbd\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=k2oOcOFtQIcJ79Rn1UKzquSrWQt8lQm0d70WDmK8SrQ-1742107136-1.0.1.1-m.Lo_8ZfQtrscBPv7X_wiY_9YEF3cTFul1x0t5QOmDU" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>