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id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalisme" title="Globalisme – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Globalisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="العالمية السياسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العالمية السياسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mundialisme" title="Mundialisme – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mundialisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globaliaeth" title="Globaliaeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Globaliaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalismus" title="Globalismus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Globalismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalismo" title="Globalismo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Globalismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalismo" title="Globalismo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Globalismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="گلوبالیسم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گلوبالیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondialisme" title="Mondialisme – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mondialisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84%ED%99%94%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="세계화주의 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세계화주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Մոնդիալիզմ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոնդիալիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalisme" title="Globalisme – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Globalisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondialismo" title="Mondialismo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mondialismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="გლობალიზმი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გლობალიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Мондиализм – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мондиализм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%C3%AEzm" title="Globalîzm – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Globalîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Мондиализм – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мондиализм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalizmas_(tarptautini%C5%B3_santyki%C5%B3_teorija)" title="Globalizmas (tarptautinių santykių teorija) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Globalizmas (tarptautinių santykių teorija)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90%E3%83%AA%E3%82%BA%E3%83%A0" title="グローバリズム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グローバリズム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalisme" title="Globalisme – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Globalisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalisme" title="Globalisme – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Globalisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondializm" title="Mondializm – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mondializm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DA%93%DB%8D_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%84" title="نړۍ وال کیدل – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نړۍ وال کیدل" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalizm" title="Globalizm – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Globalizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalismo" title="Globalismo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Globalismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondialism" title="Mondialism – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mondialism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Мондиализм – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мондиализм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globaliz%C3%ABm" title="Globalizëm – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Globalizëm" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Глобализам – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Глобализам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalisti" title="Globalisti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Globalisti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalism" title="Globalism – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Globalism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D3%A3" title="Ҷаҳонигароӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷаҳонигароӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCreselcilik" title="Küreselcilik – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Küreselcilik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Глобалізм – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Глобалізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="全球主義 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="全球主義" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Group of ideologies that advocate the concept of globalization</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">Globalization</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics series</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-top:1px #fafafa solid; border-bottom:1px #fafafa solid; background:#efefef; background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); padding:0.2em;">Basic forms of <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="display:block; margin-bottom:0.5em; background:transparent;"> <p><a href="/wiki/List_of_forms_of_government" title="List of forms of government">List of forms of government</a> </p> <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_system_of_government" title="List of countries by system of government">List of countries by system of government</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Source of power</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a> <span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Polyarchy" title="Polyarchy">rule by many</a>)</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Demarchy">Demarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_democracy" title="Direct democracy">Direct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_democracy" title="Socialist democracy">Socialist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_democracy" title="Types of democracy">Others</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Oligarchy" title="Oligarchy">Oligarchy</a> <span class="nobold">(rule by few)</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anocracy" title="Anocracy">Anocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristocracy" title="Aristocracy">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerontocracy" title="Gerontocracy">Gerontocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleptocracy" title="Kleptocracy">Kleptocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kritarchy" title="Kritarchy">Kritarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritocracy" title="Meritocracy">Meritocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noocracy" title="Noocracy">Noocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particracy" title="Particracy">Particracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutocracy" title="Plutocracy">Plutocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratocracy" title="Stratocracy">Stratocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">Technocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">Theocracy</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Autocracy" title="Autocracy">Autocracy</a> <span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Monocracy" title="Monocracy">rule by one</a>)</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Despotism" title="Despotism">Despotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship" title="Dictatorship">Dictatorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship" title="Military dictatorship">Military dictatorship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyranny" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyranny">Tyranny</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Anarchy" title="Anarchy">Anarchy</a> <span class="nobold">(rule by none)</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_(Marxism_and_anarchism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Free association (Marxism and anarchism)">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateless_society" title="Stateless society">Stateless</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Power ideology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism" title="Monarchism">Monarchy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">Republic</a></li></ul></div> <span class="nobold">(socio-political ideologies)</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">Constitutional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorial_system" title="Directorial system">Directorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legalism_(Chinese_philosophy)" title="Legalism (Chinese philosophy)">Legalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_republic" title="Parliamentary republic">Parliamentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">Presidential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-presidential_republic" title="Semi-presidential republic">Semi-presidential</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">Authoritarian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">Libertarian</a></li></ul></div> <span class="nobold">(socio-economic ideologies)</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">Colonialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despotism" title="Despotism">Despotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributism" title="Distributism">Distributism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">Feudalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">Totalitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribalism" title="Tribalism">Tribalism</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>Religious</li><li>Secular</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">State religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">Secular state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_atheism" title="State atheism">State atheism</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_governance" title="Global governance">Global</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">Local</a></li></ul></div> <span class="nobold">(geo-cultural ideologies)</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">City-state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Intergovernmental organisation">Intergovernmental organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_state" title="Nation state">National government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_government" title="World government">World government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Globalism</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Power structure</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Political_unitarism" title="Political unitarism">Unitarism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire" title="Empire">Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality" title="Principality">Principality</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Client_state" title="Client state">Client state</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">Associated state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion" title="Dominion">Dominion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">Protectorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puppet_state" title="Puppet state">Puppet state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puppet_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Puppet monarch">Puppet monarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_state" title="Satellite state">Satellite state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-governing_colony" title="Self-governing colony">Self-governing colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tributary_state" title="Tributary state">Tributary state</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buffer_state" title="Buffer state">Buffer state</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassal_state" title="Vassal state">Vassal state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty" title="Viceroyalty">Viceroyalty</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Federalism" title="Federalism">Federalism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confederation" title="Confederation">Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devolution" title="Devolution">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superstate" title="Superstate">Superstate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supranational_union" title="Supranational union">Supranational union</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Power_(international_relations)" title="Power (international relations)">International relations</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_power" title="Small power">Small power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_power" title="Regional power">Regional power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_power" title="Middle power">Middle power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_power" title="Great power">Great power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superpower" title="Superpower">Superpower</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table> <hr /></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">Administrative division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_indices" title="Democracy indices">Democracy indices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_transition" title="Democratic transition">Democratic transition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_backsliding" title="Democratic backsliding">Autocratization</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratisation">Democratisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_regimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hybrid regimes">Hybrid regimes</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#efefef;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics series</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-top:1px #fafafa solid; border-bottom:1px #fafafa solid; background:#efefef; background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">Party politics</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political spectrum</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0.1em;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics" title="Far-left politics">Far-left</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Centre-left_politics" title="Centre-left politics">Centre-left</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">Centre</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0.1em;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre-left_politics" title="Centre-left politics">Centre-left</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">Centre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">Centre-right</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">Right-wing</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0.1em;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">Centre-right</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">Far-right</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Major <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideologies</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">Agrarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">Christian democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_politics" title="Green politics">Green politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">Libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism" title="Monarchism">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">Populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_radicalism" title="Classical radicalism">Classical radicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretic_politics" title="Syncretic politics">Syncretism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Types</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloc_party" title="Bloc party">Bloc party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elite_party" title="Elite party">Elite party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartel_party_theory" title="Cartel party theory">Cartel party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_competition" title="Electoral competition">Competitive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_tent" title="Big tent">Catch-all party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business-firm_party" title="Business-firm party">Entrepreneurial party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_party" title="Ethnic party">Ethnic party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_party" title="Major party">Major party</a> / <a href="/wiki/Minor_party" title="Minor party">Minor party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_politics" title="Mass politics">Mass party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruling_party" title="Ruling party">Ruling party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_(politics)" title="Opposition (politics)">Opposition party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_opposition" title="Parliamentary opposition">Parliamentary opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_power" title="Party of power">Party of power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_party_status" title="Official party status">Official party status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-issue_politics#Single-issue_parties" title="Single-issue politics">Single-issue party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnational_political_party" title="Transnational political party">Transnational</a> / <a href="/wiki/Political_international" title="Political international">International</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Leaders and organization</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backbencher" title="Backbencher">Backbencher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucus" title="Caucus">Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucus_chair" title="Caucus chair">Caucus chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontbencher" title="Frontbencher">Frontbencher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_candidate" title="Lead candidate">Lead candidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition" title="Leader of the Opposition">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majority_leader" title="Majority leader">Majority leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_leader" title="Minority leader">Minority leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_faction" title="Political faction">Political faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_leader" title="Parliamentary leader">Parliamentary leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_chair" title="Party chair">Party chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">Party leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_spokesperson" title="Party spokesperson">Party spokesperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_(title)" title="Secretary (title)">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_cabinet" title="Shadow cabinet">Shadow cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whip_(politics)" title="Whip (politics)">Whip</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Internal elections</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">Primary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_election" title="Leadership election">Leadership election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_list" title="Open list">Open list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_conference" title="Party conference">Party convention/conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_convention" title="Leadership convention">Leadership convention</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Party_discipline" title="Party discipline">Party discipline</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conscience_vote" title="Conscience vote">Conscience vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossing_the_floor" title="Crossing the floor">Crossing the floor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_discipline" title="Party discipline">Party discipline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_line_(politics)" title="Party line (politics)">Party line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party-line_vote" title="Party-line vote">Party-line vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_switching" title="Party switching">Party switching</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Party_system" title="Party system">Party systems</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0em;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party</a></li></ul></div> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominant-party_system" title="Dominant-party system">Dominant-party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Two-party_system" title="Two-party system">Two-party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">Multi-party</a></li></ul></div> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Non-partisan</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Coalition" title="Coalition">Coalitions</a> between parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_group" title="Parliamentary group">Parliamentary group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divided_government" title="Divided government">Divided government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">Coalition government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confidence_and_supply" title="Confidence and supply">Confidence and supply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consensus_democracy" title="Consensus democracy">Consensus government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_coalition" title="Grand coalition">Grand coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hung_parliament" title="Hung parliament">Hung parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majority_government" title="Majority government">Majority government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">Minority government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_unity_government" title="National unity government">National unity government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotation_government" title="Rotation government">Rotation government</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_political_parties" title="Lists of political parties">Lists of political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ruling_political_parties_by_country" title="List of ruling political parties by country">Ruling parties by country</a></li> <li><a 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Globalism</b> has multiple meanings. In <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a>, it is used to describe "attempts to understand all of the interconnections of the modern world—and to highlight patterns that underlie (and explain) them".<sup id="cite_ref-Nye_2002_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nye_2002-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While primarily associated with <a href="/wiki/World-system" title="World-system">world-systems</a>, it can be used to describe other global trends. The concept of globalism is also classically used to focus on ideologies of <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a> (the subjective meanings) instead of its processes (the objective practices);<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in this sense, "globalism" is to globalization what "<a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalism</a>" is to <a href="/wiki/Nationality" title="Nationality">nationality</a>. </p><p>The term; "the Globalists" was popularized by <a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Alex Jones</a>, and used interchangeably with the <a href="/wiki/New_World_Order_conspiracy_theory" title="New World Order conspiracy theory">New World Order</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Deep_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep State">Deep State</a>. This term is now frequently used as a pejorative by <a href="/wiki/Far-right" class="mw-redirect" title="Far-right">far-right</a> movements and conspiracy theorists. It is sometimes associated with <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a>, as antisemites frequently appropriate the term "Globalist" to refer to <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stack_(2016)_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stack_(2016)-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ZimmerAtlantic_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZimmerAtlantic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stack_(2016)_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stack_(2016)-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However Alex Jones has made it clear he is not referring to Jews. According to <a href="/wiki/Infowars" class="mw-redirect" title="Infowars">Infowars</a>, they occasionally mention that the worst organization in the <a href="/wiki/Deep_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep State">Deep State</a> by far is the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Alex Jones</a> has also personally expressed his view that centralized <a href="/wiki/AI" class="mw-redirect" title="AI">AI</a> could be used to bring about globalist governance. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Paul_James_(academic)" title="Paul James (academic)">Paul James</a> defines <i>globalism</i> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>at least in its more specific use ... as the dominant ideology and <a href="/wiki/Subjectivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Subjectivity">subjectivity</a> associated with different historically-dominant formations of global extension. The definition thus implies that there were pre-modern or traditional forms of globalism and globalization long before the driving force of capitalism sought to colonize every corner of the globe, for example, going back to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> in the second century AD, and perhaps to the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greeks</a> of the fifth-century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Early ideas of globalism were also expressed by <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Adam Smith</a> through his views on the role of commodities in distinguishing the civilized from the barbarous, which was deeply embedded in the ideology of empires.<sup id="cite_ref-Ashcroft_2013_p._211_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashcroft_2013_p._211-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ashcroft_2001_p._77_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashcroft_2001_p._77-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dias_2021_p._121_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dias_2021_p._121-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dwivedi_Kich_2013_p._45_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dwivedi_Kich_2013_p._45-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Steger" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred Steger">Manfred Steger</a> distinguishes among different globalisms, such as justice globalism, jihad globalism, and market globalism.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Market globalism includes the ideology of <a href="/wiki/Neoliberalism" title="Neoliberalism">neoliberalism</a>. In some hands, the reduction of globalism to the single ideology of market globalism and neoliberalism has led to confusion. In his 2005 book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Collapse_of_Globalism_and_the_Reinvention_of_the_World" class="mw-redirect" title="The Collapse of Globalism and the Reinvention of the World">The Collapse of Globalism and the Reinvention of the World</a></i>, Canadian philosopher <a href="/wiki/John_Ralston_Saul" title="John Ralston Saul">John Ralston Saul</a> treated globalism as coterminous with neoliberalism and neoliberal globalization. He argued that, far from being an inevitable force, globalization is already breaking up into contradictory pieces and that citizens are reasserting their <a href="/wiki/National_interest" title="National interest">national interests</a> in both positive and destructive ways.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Political scientists <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Nye" title="Joseph Nye">Joseph Nye</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Keohane" title="Robert Keohane">Robert Keohane</a>, major thinkers of <a href="/wiki/Liberal_institutionalism" title="Liberal institutionalism">liberal institutionalism</a> as a new <a href="/wiki/International_relations_theory" title="International relations theory">international relations theory</a>, generalized the term to argue that <i>globalism</i> refers to any description and explanation of a world which is characterized by <a href="/wiki/Networks_of_connections" class="mw-redirect" title="Networks of connections">networks of connections</a> that span multi-continental distances, while <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a> refers to the increase or decline in the degree of globalism.<sup id="cite_ref-Nye_2002_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nye_2002-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term is used in a specific and narrow way to describe a position in the debate about the historical character of globalization, such as whether globalization is unprecedented or not. For example, this use of the term originated in, and continues to be used, in academic debates about the economic, social, and cultural developments that is described as globalization.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Globalization has been used to describe international endeavours begun after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a>, the <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic Treaty Organization">North Atlantic Treaty Organization</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, and sometimes the later <a href="/wiki/Neoliberal" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoliberal">neoliberal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neoconservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoconservative">neoconservative</a> policies of <a href="/wiki/Nation_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Nation building">nation building</a> and military interventionism between the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> in 1991 and the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">war on terror</a> in 2001. Historically in the <a href="/wiki/International_relations" title="International relations">international relations</a> of the 1970s and 1980s, globalism and <a href="/wiki/Regionalism_(international_relations)" title="Regionalism (international relations)">regionalism</a> had been defined somewhat differently due to the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>. Analysts discussed a globalism vs. regionalism dichotomy, in which globalists believed that international events more often arose from <a href="/wiki/Great_power_competition" class="mw-redirect" title="Great power competition">great power competition</a> (then U.S.–Soviet rivalry),<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas regionalists believed they more often arose from local factors.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concept">Concept</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Concept"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Global_governance" title="Global governance">Global governance</a></div> <p>The term first came into a widespread usage in the United States of America.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest use of the word is from 1943, in the book <i>The War for Man's Soul</i> by <a href="/wiki/Ernst_J%C3%A4ckh" title="Ernst Jäckh">Ernst Jäckh</a>, who used it to describe <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>'s global ambitions.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ZimmerAtlantic_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZimmerAtlantic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The modern concept of globalism arose in the post-war debates of the 1940s in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In their position of unprecedented power, planners formulated policies to shape the kind of postwar world they wanted, which in economic terms meant a globe-spanning democratic, and capitalist order centered exclusively upon the United States. This was the period when its global power was at its peak: the United States was the greatest <a href="/wiki/Economic_power" title="Economic power">economic power</a> the world had known, with the greatest military machine in history.<sup id="cite_ref-Leffler_67_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leffler_67-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 1948, <a href="/wiki/George_F._Kennan" title="George F. Kennan">George F. Kennan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Policy_Planning_Staff_(United_States)" title="Policy Planning Staff (United States)">Policy Planning Staff</a> said: "[W]e have about 50% of the world's wealth but only 6.3% of its population. ... Our real task in the coming period is to devise a pattern of relationships which will permit us to maintain this position of disparity."<sup id="cite_ref-DoS_524_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoS_524-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> America's allies and foes in <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> were still recovering from World War II at this time.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historian James Peck has described this version of globalism as "visionary globalism". Per Peck, this was a far-reaching conception of "American-centric state globalism using capitalism as a key to its global reach, integrating everything that it can into such an undertaking". This included global <a href="/wiki/Economic_integration" title="Economic integration">economic integration</a>, which had collapsed under <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern globalism has been linked to the ideas of economic and political integration of countries and economies. The first person in the United States of America to use the term "economic integration" in its modern sense, such as combining separate economies into larger economic regions, was John S. de Beers, an economist in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">United States Department of the Treasury</a>, towards the end of 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-Machlup_8_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Machlup_8-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1948, <i>economic integration</i> was appearing in an increasing number of American documents and speeches.<sup id="cite_ref-Machlup_11_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Machlup_11-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Paul_G._Hoffman" title="Paul G. Hoffman">Paul G. Hoffman</a>, then head of the <a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Administration" title="Economic Cooperation Administration">Economic Cooperation Administration</a>, used the term in a 1949 speech to the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_European_Economic_Co-operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for European Economic Co-operation">Organisation for European Economic Co-operation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Machlup_11_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Machlup_11-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> summarized it thus: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Mr Hoffmann used the word 'integration' fifteen times or almost once to every hundred words of his speech. It is a word that rarely if ever has been used by European statesmen having to do with the Marshall Plan to describe what should happen to Europe's economies. It was remarked that no such term or goal was included in the commitments the European nations gave in agreeing to the Marshall Plan. Consequently it appeared to the Europeans that 'integration' was an American doctrine that had been superimposed upon the mutual engagements made when the Marshall Plan began ...<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Globalism emerged as a dominant set of ideologies in the late twentieth century. As these ideologies settled, and while various processes of <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a> intensified, they contributed to the consolidation of a connecting global <a href="/wiki/Imaginary_(sociology)" title="Imaginary (sociology)">imaginary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Steger" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred Steger">Manfred Steger</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_James_(academic)" title="Paul James (academic)">Paul James</a> theorized this process in terms of four levels of change: changing ideas, ideologies, imaginaries and ontologies.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Globalism has been seen as a pillar of a <a href="/wiki/Liberal_international_order" title="Liberal international order">liberal international order</a> along with democratic governance, open trade, and international institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At <a href="/wiki/Brookings_Institution" title="Brookings Institution">Brookings Institution</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_G._Victor" title="David G. Victor">David G. Victor</a> has suggested cooperation in <a href="/wiki/Carbon_capture_and_storage" title="Carbon capture and storage">carbon capture and storage</a> technology could be a future element of globalism, as part of global efforts against <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage_in_right-wing_politics">Usage in right-wing politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Usage in right-wing politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Right_wing_antiglobalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Right wing antiglobalism">Right wing antiglobalism</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/New_antisemitism#Anti-globalization_movement" title="New antisemitism">New antisemitism § Anti-globalization movement</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Anti-globalization_movement" title="Anti-globalization movement">Anti-globalization movement</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i>Globalist</i> has been used as a pejorative in <a href="/wiki/Left-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-wing">left-wing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Far-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Far-left">far-left</a> politics, and in various <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theories" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspiracy theories">conspiracy theories</a>. During the election and presidency of United States president <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, he and members of his administration used the term <i>globalist</i> on multiple occasions.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The administration was accused by some of using the term as an antisemitic <a href="/wiki/Dog_whistle_(politics)" title="Dog whistle (politics)">dog whistle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to associate their critics with a <a href="/wiki/Jewish_conspiracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish conspiracy">Jewish conspiracy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stack_(2016)_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stack_(2016)-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Followers of the <a href="/wiki/Project_2025" title="Project 2025">Project 2025</a> conspiracy theory refer to what they term "the <a href="/wiki/Cabal" title="Cabal">Cabal</a>" as a secret worldwide elite organisation who wish to undermine democracy and freedom, and implement their own globalist agendas.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hungary's prime minister <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a> has used <a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_tropes" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitic tropes">antisemitic tropes</a> in accusations against globalists, espousing a conspiracy theory of a world network controlled by Hungarian-American philanthropist <a href="/wiki/George_Soros" title="George Soros">George Soros</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/28px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/42px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/56px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alter-globalization" title="Alter-globalization">Alter-globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-globalization_movement" title="Anti-globalization movement">Anti-globalization movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitanism" title="Cosmopolitanism">Cosmopolitanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_imperialism" title="Cultural imperialism">Cultural imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_globalization" title="Cultural globalization">Cultural globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimensions_of_globalization" title="Dimensions of globalization">Dimensions of globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_capitalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Global capitalism">Global capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">Global warming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">Information Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolationism" title="Isolationism">Isolationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Order_(conspiracy_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="New World Order (conspiracy theory)">New World Order (conspiracy theory)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_world_order_(politics)" title="New world order (politics)">New world order (politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-industrial_society" title="Post-industrial society">Post-industrial society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_elite" class="mw-redirect" title="Power elite">Power elite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruling_class" title="Ruling class">Ruling class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rootless_cosmopolitan" title="Rootless cosmopolitan">Rootless cosmopolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-globalism" title="Techno-globalism">Techno-globalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_parentheses" title="Triple parentheses">Triple parentheses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Nye_2002-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nye_2002_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nye_2002_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNye2002">Nye 2002</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStegerJames2019" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Steger" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred Steger">Steger, Manfred</a>; <a href="/wiki/Paul_James_(academic)" title="Paul James (academic)">James, Paul</a> (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/43249323"><i>Globalization Matters: Engaging the Global in Unsettled Times</i></a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Globalization+Matters%3A+Engaging+the+Global+in+Unsettled+Times&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Steger&rft.aufirst=Manfred&rft.au=James%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F43249323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stack_(2016)-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stack_(2016)_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stack_(2016)_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stack_(2016)_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStack2016" class="citation news cs1">Stack, Liam (14 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/15/us/politics/globalism-right-trump.html">"Globalism: A Far-Right Conspiracy Theory Buoyed by Trump"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161114194321/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/15/us/politics/globalism-right-trump.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Globalism%3A+A+Far-Right+Conspiracy+Theory+Buoyed+by+Trump&rft.date=2016-11-14&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Liam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F11%2F15%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fglobalism-right-trump.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZimmerAtlantic-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ZimmerAtlantic_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZimmerAtlantic_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZimmer2018" class="citation web cs1">Zimmer, Ben (14 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/03/the-origins-of-the-globalist-slur/555479/">"The Origins of the 'Globalist' Slur"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=The+Origins+of+the+%27Globalist%27+Slur&rft.date=2018-03-14&rft.aulast=Zimmer&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpolitics%2Farchive%2F2018%2F03%2Fthe-origins-of-the-globalist-slur%2F555479%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adl.org/resources/reports/quantifying-hate-a-year-of-anti-semitism-on-twitter">"Quantifying Hate: A Year of Anti-Semitism on Twitter"</a>. <i>Anti-Defamation League</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Anti-Defamation+League&rft.atitle=Quantifying+Hate%3A+A+Year+of+Anti-Semitism+on+Twitter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adl.org%2Fresources%2Freports%2Fquantifying-hate-a-year-of-anti-semitism-on-twitter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2006">James 2006</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ashcroft_2013_p._211-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ashcroft_2013_p._211_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshcroft2013" class="citation book cs1">Ashcroft, B. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j46sT-fW3NcC&pg=PA211"><i>Post-Colonial Transformation</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 211. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-55695-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-55695-3"><bdi>978-1-134-55695-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Post-Colonial+Transformation&rft.pages=211&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-134-55695-3&rft.aulast=Ashcroft&rft.aufirst=B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dj46sT-fW3NcC%26pg%3DPA211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ashcroft_2001_p._77-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ashcroft_2001_p._77_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshcroft2001" class="citation book cs1">Ashcroft, B. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6kytAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA77"><i>On Post-Colonial Futures: Transformations of a Colonial Culture</i></a>. Writing past colonialism series. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-5226-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-5226-9"><bdi>978-0-8264-5226-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Post-Colonial+Futures%3A+Transformations+of+a+Colonial+Culture&rft.series=Writing+past+colonialism+series&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8264-5226-9&rft.aulast=Ashcroft&rft.aufirst=B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6kytAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dias_2021_p._121-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dias_2021_p._121_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDias2021" class="citation book cs1">Dias, M.S.F. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XaghEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA121"><i>Legacies of Slavery: Comparative Perspectives</i></a>. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 121. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5275-6700-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5275-6700-9"><bdi>978-1-5275-6700-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Legacies+of+Slavery%3A+Comparative+Perspectives&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars+Publishing&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-5275-6700-9&rft.aulast=Dias&rft.aufirst=M.S.F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXaghEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dwivedi_Kich_2013_p._45-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dwivedi_Kich_2013_p._45_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDwivediKich2013" class="citation book cs1">Dwivedi, O.P.; Kich, M. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aalwAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA45"><i>Postcolonial Theory in the Global Age: Interdisciplinary Essays</i></a>. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-7552-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-7552-0"><bdi>978-0-7864-7552-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Postcolonial+Theory+in+the+Global+Age%3A+Interdisciplinary+Essays&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=McFarland%2C+Incorporated%2C+Publishers&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-7552-0&rft.aulast=Dwivedi&rft.aufirst=O.P.&rft.au=Kich%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaalwAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteger2008">Steger 2008</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (October 2014)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaul2009" class="citation book cs1">Saul, John Ralston (2009-09-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ziG692UI-DEC"><i>The Collapse of Globalism Revised Edition: And The Reinvention Of The World</i></a>. Penguin Canada. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-317480-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-317480-6"><bdi>978-0-14-317480-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Collapse+of+Globalism+Revised+Edition%3A+And+The+Reinvention+Of+The+World&rft.pub=Penguin+Canada&rft.date=2009-09-22&rft.isbn=978-0-14-317480-6&rft.aulast=Saul&rft.aufirst=John+Ralston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DziG692UI-DEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartell2007" class="citation journal cs1">Martell, Luke (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/1243/1/thirdwaveweb.pdf">"The Third Wave in Globalization Theory"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>International Studies Review</i>. <b>9</b> (2): 173–196. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2486.2007.00670.x">10.1111/j.1468-2486.2007.00670.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Studies+Review&rft.atitle=The+Third+Wave+in+Globalization+Theory&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=173-196&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1468-2486.2007.00670.x&rft.aulast=Martell&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsro.sussex.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F1243%2F1%2Fthirdwaveweb.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenderColemanSklar1985" class="citation book cs1">Bender, Gerald J.; Coleman, James Smoot; Sklar, Richard L. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Jn279K_dJGoC&pg=PA284"><i>African Crisis Areas and U.S. Foreign Policy</i></a>. University of California Press. p. 284. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-05628-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-05628-2"><bdi>978-0-520-05628-2</bdi></a>. <q>The globalist point of view sees Africa's importance as arising from its influence on the military and political balance between the United States and the Soviet Union</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=African+Crisis+Areas+and+U.S.+Foreign+Policy&rft.pages=284&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-520-05628-2&rft.aulast=Bender&rft.aufirst=Gerald+J.&rft.au=Coleman%2C+James+Smoot&rft.au=Sklar%2C+Richard+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJn279K_dJGoC%26pg%3DPA284&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStromayer1986" class="citation journal cs1">Stromayer, Eric (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/article/435003">"African Crisis Areas and U.S. Foreign Policy (review)"</a>. <i>SAIS Review</i>. <b>6</b> (2): 240–241. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fsais.1986.0010">10.1353/sais.1986.0010</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1945-4724">1945-4724</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154047818">154047818</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAIS+Review&rft.atitle=African+Crisis+Areas+and+U.S.+Foreign+Policy+%28review%29&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=240-241&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154047818%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1945-4724&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fsais.1986.0010&rft.aulast=Stromayer&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Farticle%2F435003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGolan1986" class="citation journal cs1">Golan, Galia (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4327311">"The Soviet Union and the PLO since the War in Lebanon"</a>. <i>Middle East Journal</i>. <b>40</b> (2): 285–305. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0026-3141">0026-3141</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4327311">4327311</a>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Globalists' tend to view international issues in terms of US-Soviet rivalry, while 'regionalists' see them more often as manifestations of local rivalries and problems</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Soviet+Union+and+the+PLO+since+the+War+in+Lebanon&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=285-305&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4327311%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0026-3141&rft.aulast=Golan&rft.aufirst=Galia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4327311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronin1993" class="citation book cs1">Cronin, Patrick M. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RQ-jjUbxveUC"><i>From Globalism to Regionalism: New Perspectives on Us Foreign and Defense Policies</i></a>. DIANE Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7881-0278-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7881-0278-3"><bdi>978-0-7881-0278-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Globalism+to+Regionalism%3A+New+Perspectives+on+Us+Foreign+and+Defense+Policies&rft.pub=DIANE+Publishing&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-7881-0278-3&rft.aulast=Cronin&rft.aufirst=Patrick+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRQ-jjUbxveUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=globalism&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=17&smoothing=0">"<i>globalism</i> in American-English corpus, 1800–2000"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Google_Ngram_Viewer" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Ngram Viewer">Google Ngram Viewer</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=globalism+in+American-English+corpus%2C+1800%E2%80%932000&rft.pub=Google+Ngram+Viewer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fngrams%2Fgraph%3Fcontent%3Dglobalism%26year_start%3D1800%26year_end%3D2000%26corpus%3D17%26smoothing%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span><p>Compare this with <i>globalism</i> in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=globalism&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=18&smoothing=0">British-English corpus</a>, where its appearance is later and much more muted.</p></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJäckh1943" class="citation book cs1">Jäckh, Ernest (1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000417827"><i>The War for Man's Soul</i></a>. New York: Farrar & Rinehart. p. 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+War+for+Man%27s+Soul&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Farrar+%26+Rinehart&rft.date=1943&rft.aulast=J%C3%A4ckh&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.hathitrust.org%2FRecord%2F000417827&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenboim2017" class="citation book cs1">Rosenboim, Or (2017). <i>The Emergence of Globalism</i>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-8523-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-8523-7"><bdi>978-1-4008-8523-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1q1xrts">j.ctt1q1xrts</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emergence+of+Globalism&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt1q1xrts%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-8523-7&rft.aulast=Rosenboim&rft.aufirst=Or&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leffler_67-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Leffler_67_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeffler2010">Leffler 2010</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DoS_524-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DoS_524_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDoS1948">DoS 1948</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turn&id=FRUS.FRUS1948v01p2&entity=FRUS.FRUS1948v01p2.p0034">524</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKolkoKolko1972">Kolko & Kolko 1972</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFPeck2006">Peck 2006</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AA-jbmyfl54C&pg=PA19">19</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AA-jbmyfl54C&pg=PA21">21</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Machlup_8-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Machlup_8_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMachlup1977">Machlup 1977</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Machlup_11-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Machlup_11_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Machlup_11_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMachlup1977">Machlup 1977</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMachlup1977">Machlup 1977</a>, p. 11; <a href="#CITEREFVeseth2002">Veseth 2002</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8u99zWdAElUC&pg=PA170">170–1</a>, where the <i>Times</i> article is reprinted.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteger2008">Steger 2008</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJamesSteger2010">James & Steger 2010</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirsh" class="citation web cs1">Hirsh, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/12/27/why-liberal-international-order-will-endure-next-decade-2020-democracy/">"Why the Liberal International Order Will Endure Into the Next Decade"</a>. <i>Foreign Policy</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=Why+the+Liberal+International+Order+Will+Endure+Into+the+Next+Decade&rft.aulast=Hirsh&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2019%2F12%2F27%2Fwhy-liberal-international-order-will-endure-next-decade-2020-democracy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVictor2021" class="citation web cs1">Victor, David G. (2021-10-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brookings.edu/blog/planetpolicy/2021/10/28/rebuilding-us-chinese-cooperation-on-climate-change-the-science-and-technology-opportunity/">"Rebuilding US-Chinese cooperation on climate change: The science and technology opportunity"</a>. <i>Brookings</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brookings&rft.atitle=Rebuilding+US-Chinese+cooperation+on+climate+change%3A+The+science+and+technology+opportunity&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft.aulast=Victor&rft.aufirst=David+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Fblog%2Fplanetpolicy%2F2021%2F10%2F28%2Frebuilding-us-chinese-cooperation-on-climate-change-the-science-and-technology-opportunity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSales2017" class="citation web cs1">Sales, Ben (6 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jta.org/2017/04/06/news-opinion/politics/stephen-bannon-called-jared-kushner-a-globalist-heres-why-the-term-makes-some-jews-uneasy">"Stephen Bannon reportedly called Jared Kushner a 'globalist.' Here's why the term makes some Jews uneasy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Telegraphic_Agency" title="Jewish Telegraphic Agency">Jewish Telegraphic Agency</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Telegraphic+Agency&rft.atitle=Stephen+Bannon+reportedly+called+Jared+Kushner+a+%27globalist.%27+Here%27s+why+the+term+makes+some+Jews+uneasy.&rft.date=2017-04-06&rft.aulast=Sales&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jta.org%2F2017%2F04%2F06%2Fnews-opinion%2Fpolitics%2Fstephen-bannon-called-jared-kushner-a-globalist-heres-why-the-term-makes-some-jews-uneasy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevin2018" class="citation news cs1">Levin, Brian (1 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/bannon-s-revenge-how-globalism-went-mainstream-ideology-far-right-ncna860221">"Opinion | Brian Levin: How globalism became a dirty word in the Trump White House (and America)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Opinion+%7C+Brian+Levin%3A+How+globalism+became+a+dirty+word+in+the+Trump+White+House+%28and+America%29&rft.date=2018-04-01&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fthink%2Fopinion%2Fbannon-s-revenge-how-globalism-went-mainstream-ideology-far-right-ncna860221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeber2018" class="citation news cs1">Weber, Peter (7 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theweek.com/speedreads/759476/mick-mulvaney-throws-antisemitic-dog-whistle-into-fond-farewell-message-gary-cohn">"Mick Mulvaney throws an 'anti-Semitic dog whistle' into his fond farewell message to Gary Cohn"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Week" title="The Week">The Week</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Week&rft.atitle=Mick+Mulvaney+throws+an+%27anti-Semitic+dog+whistle%27+into+his+fond+farewell+message+to+Gary+Cohn&rft.date=2018-03-07&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheweek.com%2Fspeedreads%2F759476%2Fmick-mulvaney-throws-antisemitic-dog-whistle-into-fond-farewell-message-gary-cohn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStack2017" class="citation news cs1">Stack, Liam (2017-08-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/15/us/politics/alt-left-alt-right-glossary.html">"Alt-Right, Alt-Left, Antifa: A Glossary of Extremist Language"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Alt-Right%2C+Alt-Left%2C+Antifa%3A+A+Glossary+of+Extremist+Language&rft.date=2017-08-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Liam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F08%2F15%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Falt-left-alt-right-glossary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodkind2018" class="citation news cs1">Goodkind, Nicole (1 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-anti-semitic-globalist-koch-1052375">"Donald Trump keeps calling adversaries 'globalists,' despite warnings it's anti-Semitic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsweek&rft.atitle=Donald+Trump+keeps+calling+adversaries+%27globalists%2C%27+despite+warnings+it%27s+anti-Semitic&rft.date=2018-08-01&rft.aulast=Goodkind&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fdonald-trump-anti-semitic-globalist-koch-1052375&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZuckerman2019" class="citation journal cs1">Zuckerman, Ethan (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://innovation.disi.unitn.it/ibict/2019/readings/mandatory/08%20Zuckerman%20%E2%80%94%20QAnon%20and%20the%20Unreal.pdf">"QAnon and the Emergence of the Unreal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Design and Science</i> (6): 1–5. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.21428%2F7808da6b.6b8a82b9">10.21428/7808da6b.6b8a82b9</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:201487428">201487428</a>. <q>At [QAnon's] core is the idea that all American presidents between John F. Kennedy and Donald Trump have been working with a cabal of globalist elites called 'The Cabal' to undermine American democracy and forward their own nefarious agenda. ... In all versions of the mythos, the Cabal seeks to destroy American freedom and subjugate the nation to the wills of a world government. Hence a donation of 10,000,000 to Clarence Lee Ka Ho is needed to keep globalisation possible.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Design+and+Science&rft.atitle=QAnon+and+the+Emergence+of+the+Unreal&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1-5&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.21428%2F7808da6b.6b8a82b9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A201487428%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Zuckerman&rft.aufirst=Ethan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finnovation.disi.unitn.it%2Fibict%2F2019%2Freadings%2Fmandatory%2F08%2520Zuckerman%2520%25E2%2580%2594%2520QAnon%2520and%2520the%2520Unreal.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKornbluh2022" class="citation web cs1">Kornbluh, Jacob (2022-08-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forward.com/fast-forward/513245/in-u-s-speech-viktor-orban-invokes-holocaust-attacks-george-soros/">"In U.S. speech, Viktor Orbán invokes Holocaust, attacks George Soros"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Forward" title="The Forward">The Forward</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Forward&rft.atitle=In+U.S.+speech%2C+Viktor+Orb%C3%A1n+invokes+Holocaust%2C+attacks+George+Soros&rft.date=2022-08-04&rft.aulast=Kornbluh&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Ffast-forward%2F513245%2Fin-u-s-speech-viktor-orban-invokes-holocaust-attacks-george-soros%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenneBozókiVisnovitz2022" class="citation book cs1">Jenne, Erin K.; Bozóki, András; Visnovitz, Péter (2022-06-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/book/43056/chapter/361481462">"Antisemitic Tropes, Fifth-Columnism, and 'Soros-Bashing': The Curious Case of Central European University"</a>. <i>Enemies Within</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foso%2F9780197627938.003.0003">10.1093/oso/9780197627938.003.0003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Antisemitic+Tropes%2C+Fifth-Columnism%2C+and+%27Soros-Bashing%27%3A+The+Curious+Case+of+Central+European+University&rft.btitle=Enemies+Within&rft.date=2022-06-21&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foso%2F9780197627938.003.0003&rft.aulast=Jenne&rft.aufirst=Erin+K.&rft.au=Boz%C3%B3ki%2C+Andr%C3%A1s&rft.au=Visnovitz%2C+P%C3%A9ter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fbook%2F43056%2Fchapter%2F361481462&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Paul_James_(academic)" title="Paul James (academic)">James, Paul</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1642214"><i>Globalism, Nationalism, Tribalism: Bringing Theory Back In</i></a>. London: Sage Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Globalism%2C+Nationalism%2C+Tribalism%3A+Bringing+Theory+Back+In&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Sage+Publications&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F1642214&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamesSteger2010" class="citation book cs1">James, Paul; Steger, Manfred B. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/4510893"><i>Globalization and Culture, Volume IV: Ideologies of Globalism</i></a>. London: Sage Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Globalization+and+Culture%2C+Volume+IV%3A+Ideologies+of+Globalism&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Sage+Publications&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Steger%2C+Manfred+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F4510893&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKolkoKolko1972" class="citation book cs1">Kolko, Joyce; <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Kolko" title="Gabriel Kolko">Kolko, Gabriel</a> (1972). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limitsofpowerwor00kolk"><i>The Limits of Power: The World and United States Foreign Policy, 1945–1954</i></a></span>. New York, NY: <a href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Row" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper & Row">Harper & Row</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-012447-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-012447-2"><bdi>978-0-06-012447-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Limits+of+Power%3A+The+World+and+United+States+Foreign+Policy%2C+1945%E2%80%931954&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=978-0-06-012447-2&rft.aulast=Kolko&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft.au=Kolko%2C+Gabriel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flimitsofpowerwor00kolk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeffler2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Melvyn_P._Leffler" title="Melvyn P. Leffler">Leffler, Melvyn P.</a> (2010). "The emergence of an American grand strategy, 1945–1952". <a href="/wiki/Odd_Arne_Westad" title="Odd Arne Westad"><i><span></span></i>In Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds.,<i> The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume 1: Origins </i>(pp. 67–89)<i><span></span></i></a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-83719-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-83719-4"><bdi>978-0-521-83719-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+emergence+of+an+American+grand+strategy%2C+1945%E2%80%931952&rft.btitle=In+Melvyn+P.+Leffler+and+Odd+Arne+Westad%2C+eds.%2C+The+Cambridge+History+of+the+Cold+War%2C+Volume+1%3A+Origins+%28pp.+67%E2%80%9389%29&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-521-83719-4&rft.aulast=Leffler&rft.aufirst=Melvyn+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMachlup1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Machlup" title="Fritz Machlup">Machlup, Fritz</a> (1977). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofthought0000mach_c7t8"><i>A History of Thought on Economic Integration</i></a></span>. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-04298-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-04298-7"><bdi>978-0-231-04298-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Thought+on+Economic+Integration&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-231-04298-7&rft.aulast=Machlup&rft.aufirst=Fritz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofthought0000mach_c7t8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNye2002" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Nye" title="Joseph Nye">Nye, Joseph</a> (15 April 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theglobalist.com/globalism-versus-globalization/">"Globalism Versus Globalization"</a>. <i>The Globalist</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Globalist&rft.atitle=Globalism+Versus+Globalization&rft.date=2002-04-15&rft.aulast=Nye&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobalist.com%2Fglobalism-versus-globalization%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeck2006" class="citation book cs1">Peck, James (2006). <i>Washington's China: The National Security World, the Cold War, and the Origins of Globalism</i>. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-536-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-536-4"><bdi>978-1-55849-536-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Washington%27s+China%3A+The+National+Security+World%2C+the+Cold+War%2C+and+the+Origins+of+Globalism&rft.place=Amherst%2C+MA&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-536-4&rft.aulast=Peck&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteger2008" class="citation book cs1">Steger, Manfred B. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0EL9cBiHdMsC"><i>The Rise of the Global Imaginary: Political Ideologies from the French Revolution to the Global War on Terror</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199286935" title="Special:BookSources/9780199286935"><bdi>9780199286935</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+the+Global+Imaginary%3A+Political+Ideologies+from+the+French+Revolution+to+the+Global+War+on+Terror&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780199286935&rft.aulast=Steger&rft.aufirst=Manfred+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0EL9cBiHdMsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoS1948" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> (1948). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=header&id=FRUS.FRUS1948v01p2&isize=M"><i>Foreign Relations, 1948: Volume I, Part 2</i></a>. Washington, DC: US Government.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foreign+Relations%2C+1948%3A+Volume+I%2C+Part+2&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=US+Government&rft.date=1948&rft.au=United+States+Department+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigicoll.library.wisc.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2FFRUS%2FFRUS-idx%3Ftype%3Dheader%26id%3DFRUS.FRUS1948v01p2%26isize%3DM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVeseth2002" class="citation book cs1">Veseth, Michael, ed. (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/riseofglobalecon0000unse"><i>The Rise of the Global Economy</i></a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i> 20th Century in Review. Chicago, IL: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57958-369-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57958-369-9"><bdi>978-1-57958-369-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+the+Global+Economy&rft.place=Chicago%2C+IL&rft.series=%27%27The+New+York+Times%27%27+20th+Century+in+Review&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn+Publishers&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-57958-369-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Friseofglobalecon0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnkerl2000" class="citation book cs1">Ankerl, Guy (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hzr4-09oo3MC"><i>Coexisting Contemporary Civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western</i></a>. Geneva: INU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-88155-004-5" title="Special:BookSources/2-88155-004-5"><bdi>2-88155-004-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/47105537">47105537</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Coexisting+Contemporary+Civilizations%3A+Arabo-Muslim%2C+Bharati%2C+Chinese%2C+and+Western&rft.place=Geneva&rft.pub=INU+Press&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F47105537&rft.isbn=2-88155-004-5&rft.aulast=Ankerl&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dhzr4-09oo3MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteger2009" class="citation book cs1">Steger, Manfred B. (2009). <i>Globalism: The New Market Ideology</i> (3rd ed.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780742500723" title="Special:BookSources/9780742500723"><bdi>9780742500723</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/47136729">47136729</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Globalism%3A+The+New+Market+Ideology&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F47136729&rft.isbn=9780742500723&rft.aulast=Steger&rft.aufirst=Manfred+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlobalism" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalism&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/globalism" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/globalism"><i>globalism</i></a> at Wiktionary</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Global_governance_and_identity" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_government" title="Template:World government"><abbr title="View this 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constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_government" title="World government">World government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_federalism" class="mw-redirect" title="World federalism">World federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_taxation_system" title="World taxation system">World taxation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Earth" title="Flag of Earth">Flag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitanism" title="Cosmopolitanism">Cosmopolitanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_globalization" title="Democratic globalization">Democratic globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_globalization" title="Democratic globalization">Democratic mundialization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_apartheid" title="Global apartheid">Global apartheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_citizenship" title="Global citizenship">Global citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_governance" title="Global governance">Global governance</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Globalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnational_governance" title="Transnational governance">Transnational governance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_currency" title="World currency">World currency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_citizens_movement" title="Global citizens movement">Global citizens movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federalist_Movement/Institute_for_Global_Policy" title="World Federalist Movement/Institute for Global Policy">World Federalist Movement/Institute for Global Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Service_Authority" title="World Service Authority">World Service Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_World_Government" title="Campaign for World Government">Campaign for World Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Constitution_and_Parliament_Association" title="World Constitution and Parliament Association">World Constitution and Parliament Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provisional government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_World_Parliament" title="Provisional World Parliament">Provisional Earth Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/24px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/32px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Globalization" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Globalization" title="Template:Globalization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Globalization" title="Template talk:Globalization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Globalization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Globalization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Globalization" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">Globalization</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_globalization-related_journals" title="List of globalization-related journals">Journals</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_globalization" title="Outline of globalization">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_studies" title="Global studies">Studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alter-globalization" title="Alter-globalization">Alter-globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-globalization_movement" title="Anti-globalization movement">Anti-globalization movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_globalization" title="Cultural globalization">Cultural globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deglobalization" title="Deglobalization">Deglobalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_globalization" title="Democratic globalization">Democratic globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_globalization" title="Economic globalization">Economic globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_globalization" title="Environmental globalization">Environmental globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_citizenship" title="Global citizenship">Global citizenship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_citizenship_education" title="Global citizenship education">education</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_financial_system" title="Global financial system">Global financial system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_governance" title="Global governance">Global governance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_health" title="Global health">Global health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_migration" title="International migration">Global migration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_politics" title="Global politics">Global politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_workforce" title="Global workforce">Global workforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globality" title="Globality">Globality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_globalization" title="History of globalization">History of</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaic_globalization" title="Archaic globalization">archaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-globalization" title="Proto-globalization">early modern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_globalization" title="Military globalization">Military globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_globalization" title="Political globalization">Political globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_globalization" title="Trade globalization">Trade globalization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Global</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">Climate change</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_justice" title="Climate justice">Climate justice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globalization_and_disease" title="Globalization and disease">Disease</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_digital_divide" title="Global digital divide">Digital divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_labor_arbitrage" title="Global labor arbitrage">Labor arbitrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilingualism_and_globalization" title="Multilingualism and globalization">Multilingualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_population" title="World population">Population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_haven" title="Tax haven">Tax havens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Offshore_financial_centre" title="Offshore financial centre">Offshore financial centres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_inversion" title="Tax inversion">Tax inversions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_security" title="Water security">Water crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Other</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_capital_flight" title="Human capital flight">Brain drain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_brain_drain" title="Reverse brain drain">reverse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Care_drain" title="Care drain">Care drain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_aid" title="Development aid">Development aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_inequality" title="Economic inequality">Economic inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endangered_language" title="Endangered language">Endangered languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade" title="Fair trade">Fair trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_displacement" title="Forced displacement">Forced displacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illicit_financial_flows" title="Illicit financial flows">Illicit financial flows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">Imperialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_imperialism" title="Academic imperialism">academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_imperialism" title="Cultural imperialism">cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistic_imperialism" title="Linguistic imperialism">linguistic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_imperialism" title="Media imperialism">media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_imperialism" title="Scientific imperialism">scientific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_imperialism" title="Social imperialism">social</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">Invasive species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investor-state_dispute_settlement" class="mw-redirect" title="Investor-state dispute settlement">Investor-state disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonaldization" title="McDonaldization">McDonaldization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_international_division_of_labour" title="New international division of labour">New international division of labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_divide_in_the_World" class="mw-redirect" title="North–South divide in the World">North–South divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offshoring" title="Offshoring">Offshoring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_to_the_bottom" title="Race to the bottom">Race to the bottom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pollution_haven_hypothesis" title="Pollution haven hypothesis">pollution havens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnational_organized_crime" title="Transnational organized crime">Transnational crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westernization" title="Westernization">Westernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_war" title="World war">World war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_accumulation" title="Capital accumulation">Capital accumulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dependency_theory" title="Dependency theory">Dependency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_theory" title="Development theory">Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_system_science" title="Earth system science">Earth system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_localism" title="Fiscal localism">Fiscal localism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernization_theory" title="Modernization theory">Modernization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_modernization" title="Ecological modernization">ecological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_modernisation_theory" title="History of modernisation theory">history of</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_accumulation_of_capital" title="Primitive accumulation of capital">Primitive accumulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_change" title="Social change">Social change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_history_(field)" title="World history (field)">World history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World-systems_theory" title="World-systems theory">World-systems</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br />scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Economics</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Autor" title="David Autor">David Autor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Baldwin_(economist)" title="Richard Baldwin (economist)">Richard Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Batra" title="Ravi Batra">Ravi Batra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagdish_Bhagwati" title="Jagdish Bhagwati">Jagdish Bhagwati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brenner" title="Robert Brenner">Robert Brenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayati_Ghosh" title="Jayati Ghosh">Jayati Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hudson_(economist)" title="Michael Hudson (economist)">Michael Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branko_Milanovi%C4%87" title="Branko Milanović">Branko Milanović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_O%27Rourke" title="Kevin O'Rourke">Kevin O'Rourke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Piketty" title="Thomas Piketty">Thomas Piketty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani_Rodrik" title="Dani Rodrik">Dani Rodrik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Sachs" title="Jeffrey Sachs">Jeffrey Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stiglitz" title="Joseph Stiglitz">Joseph Stiglitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Political <br />economy</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Amin" title="Samir Amin">Samir Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Arrighi" title="Giovanni Arrighi">Giovanni Arrighi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Cox" title="Robert W. Cox">Robert W. Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Gunder_Frank" title="Andre Gunder Frank">Andre Gunder Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gill_(political_scientist)" title="Stephen Gill (political scientist)">Stephen Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gowan" title="Peter Gowan">Peter Gowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Harvey" title="David Harvey">David Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronen_Palan" title="Ronen Palan">Ronen Palan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Strange" title="Susan Strange">Susan Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wade_(scholar)" title="Robert Wade (scholar)">Robert Wade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Politics / <br /> sociology</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arjun_Appadurai" title="Arjun Appadurai">Arjun Appadurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniele_Archibugi" title="Daniele Archibugi">Daniele Archibugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Anthony_Appiah" title="Kwame Anthony Appiah">K. Anthony Appiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Beck" title="Ulrich Beck">Ulrich Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walden_Bello" title="Walden Bello">Walden Bello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baudrillard" title="Jean Baudrillard">Jean Baudrillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Bauman" title="Zygmunt Bauman">Zygmunt Bauman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Castells" title="Manuel Castells">Manuel Castells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Chase-Dunn" title="Christopher Chase-Dunn">Christopher Chase-Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_W._Crosby" title="Alfred W. Crosby">Alfred Crosby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Fraser" title="Nancy Fraser">Nancy Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_George_(political_scientist)" title="Susan George (political scientist)">Susan George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Giddens" title="Anthony Giddens">Anthony Giddens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hardt" title="Michael Hardt">Michael Hardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Held" title="David Held">David Held</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hirst" title="Paul Hirst">Paul Hirst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._H._M._Ling" title="L. H. M. Ling">L. H. M. 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