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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Deuteronomy 22:28 If a man encounters a virgin who is not pledged in marriage, and he seizes her and lies with her, and they are discovered,</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/deuteronomy/22-28.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/10/05_Deu_22_28.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Deuteronomy 22:28 - Marriage Violations" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="If a man encounters a virgin who is not pledged in marriage, and he seizes her and lies with her, and they are discovered," /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/deuteronomy/22-28.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/deuteronomy/22-28.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/deuteronomy/">Deuteronomy</a> > <a href="/deuteronomy/22.htm">Chapter 22</a> > Verse 28</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad8.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm" title="Deuteronomy 22:27">◄</a> Deuteronomy 22:28 <a href="/deuteronomy/22-29.htm" title="Deuteronomy 22:29">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/deuteronomy/22.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/deuteronomy/22.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not pledged to be married and rapes her and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/deuteronomy/22.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />“Suppose a man has intercourse with a young woman who is a virgin but is not engaged to be married. If they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/deuteronomy/22.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />“If a man meets a virgin who is not betrothed, and seizes her and lies with her, and they are found,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/deuteronomy/22.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />If a man encounters a virgin who is not pledged in marriage, and he seizes her and lies with her, and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/deuteronomy/22.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />If a man find a damsel <i>that is</i> a virgin, which is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/deuteronomy/22.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />“If a man finds a young woman <i>who is</i> a virgin, who is not betrothed, and he seizes her and lies with her, and they are found out,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/deuteronomy/22.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />“If a man finds a girl who is a virgin, who is not betrothed, and he seizes her and has sexual relations with her, and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/deuteronomy/22.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8220If a man finds a girl who is a virgin, who is not engaged, and seizes her and lies with her and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/deuteronomy/22.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />“If a man finds a girl who is a virgin, who is not engaged, and seizes her and lies with her and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/deuteronomy/22.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />“If a man finds a girl who is a virgin, who is not engaged, and seizes her and lies with her and they are found,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/deuteronomy/22.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />“If a man finds a girl who is a virgin, who is not engaged, and seizes her and is intimate with her and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/deuteronomy/22.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />If a man encounters a young woman, a virgin who is not engaged, takes hold of her and rapes her, and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/deuteronomy/22.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />If a man encounters a young woman, a virgin who is not engaged, takes hold of her and rapes her, and they are discovered, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/deuteronomy/22.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, that is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/deuteronomy/22.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Suppose a woman isn't engaged to be married, and a man forces her to have sex with him. If he is caught, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/deuteronomy/22.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, which is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/deuteronomy/22.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />This is what you must do when a man rapes a virgin who isn't engaged. When the crime is discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/deuteronomy/22.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />"Suppose a man is caught raping a young woman who is not engaged. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/deuteronomy/22.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />"However, if a man meets a girl who isn't engaged to be married, and he seizes her, rapes her, and is later found out, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/deuteronomy/22.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />If a man encounters a virgin who is not pledged in marriage, and he seizes her and lies with her, and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/deuteronomy/22.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Suppose a man comes across a virgin who is not engaged and overpowers and rapes her and they are discovered.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/deuteronomy/22.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />If a man find a woman who is a virgin, who is not pledged to be married, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/deuteronomy/22.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />If a man shall find a damsel that is a virgin, who is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/deuteronomy/22.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />If a man finds a lady who is a virgin, who is not pledged to be married, grabs her and lies with her, and they are found, <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/deuteronomy/22.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />When a man finds a girl, a virgin who is not betrothed, and has caught her, and lain with her, and they have been found,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/deuteronomy/22.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> 'When a man findeth a damsel, a virgin who is not betrothed, and hath caught her, and lain with her, and they have been found,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/deuteronomy/22.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />When a man shall find a maiden, a virgin, which is not betrothed, and lay hold upon her and lay with her, and they were found;<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/deuteronomy/22.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, who is not espoused, and taking her, lie with her, and the matter come to judgment : <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/deuteronomy/22.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />If a man find a girl who is a virgin, who does not have a betrothal, and, taking her, he lies with her, and the matter is brought to judgment,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/deuteronomy/22.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />If a man comes upon a young woman, a virgin who is not betrothed, seizes her and lies with her, and they are discovered,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/deuteronomy/22.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />If a man meets a virgin who is not engaged, and seizes her and lies with her, and they are caught in the act,<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/deuteronomy/22.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />If a man finds a damsel who is a virgin who is not betrothed, and seizes her, and lies with her, and they are found;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/deuteronomy/22.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And if a man finds a virgin girl that was not engaged and he will take her and he shall have sexual intercourse with her and they will be found;<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/deuteronomy/22.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, that is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/deuteronomy/22.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And if any one should find a young virgin who has not been betrothed, and should force <i>her</i> and lie with her, and be found,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IRhBtZaVxJ0?start=6198" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/deuteronomy/22.htm">Marriage Violations</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">27</span>When he found her in the field, the betrothed woman cried out, but there was no one to save her. <span class="reftext">28</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: kî- (Conj) -- That, for, when. ">If</a> <a href="/hebrew/376.htm" title="376: ’îš (N-ms) -- Man. Contracted for 'enowsh; a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term.">a man</a> <a href="/hebrew/4672.htm" title="4672: yim·ṣā (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms) -- To attain to, find. ">encounters</a> <a href="/hebrew/5291.htm" title="5291: na·ʿar (N-fs) -- A girl, maiden. Feminine of na'ar; a girl."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1330.htm" title="1330: ḇə·ṯū·lāh (N-fs) -- Feminine passive participle of an unused root meaning to separate; a virgin; sometimes a bride; also a city or state.">a virgin</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">who</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: lō- (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">is not</a> <a href="/hebrew/781.htm" title="781: ’ō·rā·śāh (V-Pual-Perf-3fs) -- To betroth. A primitive root; to engage for matrimony.">pledged in marriage,</a> <a href="/hebrew/8610.htm" title="8610: ū·ṯə·p̄ā·śāh (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-3ms:: 3fs) -- A primitive root; to manipulate, i.e. Seize; chiefly to capture, wield, specifically, to overlay; figuratively, to use unwarrantably.">and he seizes her</a> <a href="/hebrew/7901.htm" title="7901: wə·šā·ḵaḇ (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-3ms) -- To lie down. A primitive root; to lie down.">and lies</a> <a href="/hebrew/5973.htm" title="5973: ‘im·māh (Prep:: 3fs) -- From amam; adverb or preposition, with, in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix.">with her,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4672.htm" title="4672: wə·nim·ṣā·’ū (Conj-w:: V-Nifal-ConjPerf-3cp) -- To attain to, find. ">and they are discovered,</a> </span><span class="reftext">29</span>then the man who lay with her must pay the young woman’s father fifty shekels of silver, and she must become his wife because he has violated her. He must not divorce her as long as he lives.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/22-16.htm">Exodus 22:16-17</a></span><br />If a man seduces a virgin who is not pledged in marriage and sleeps with her, he must pay the full dowry for her to be his wife. / If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, the man still must pay an amount comparable to the bridal price of a virgin.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/34-2.htm">Genesis 34:2-3</a></span><br />When Shechem son of Hamor the Hivite, the prince of the region, saw her, he took her and lay with her by force. / And his soul was drawn to Dinah, the daughter of Jacob. He loved the young girl and spoke to her tenderly.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/13-14.htm">2 Samuel 13:14</a></span><br />But Amnon refused to listen to her, and being stronger, he violated her and lay with her.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/19-20.htm">Leviticus 19:20-22</a></span><br />If a man lies carnally with a slave girl promised to another man but who has not been redeemed or given her freedom, there must be due punishment. But they are not to be put to death, because she had not been freed. / The man, however, must bring a ram to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting as his guilt offering to the LORD. / The priest shall make atonement on his behalf before the LORD with the ram of the guilt offering for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven the sin he has committed.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/judges/19-24.htm">Judges 19:24</a></span><br />Look, let me bring out my virgin daughter and the man’s concubine, and you can use them and do with them as you wish. But do not do such a vile thing to this man.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/29-21.htm">Genesis 29:21-23</a></span><br />Finally Jacob said to Laban, “Grant me my wife, for my time is complete, and I want to sleep with her.” / So Laban invited all the men of that place and prepared a feast. / But when evening came, Laban took his daughter Leah and gave her to Jacob, and he slept with her.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/24-67.htm">Genesis 24:67</a></span><br />And Isaac brought her into the tent of his mother Sarah and took Rebekah as his wife. And Isaac loved her and was comforted after his mother’s death.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ruth/4-10.htm">Ruth 4:10</a></span><br />Moreover, I have acquired Ruth the Moabitess, Mahlon’s widow, as my wife, to raise up the name of the deceased through his inheritance, so that his name will not disappear from among his brothers or from the gate of his home. You are witnesses today.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/1-18.htm">Matthew 1:18-19</a></span><br />This is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was pledged in marriage to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit. / Because Joseph her husband was a righteous man and was unwilling to disgrace her publicly, he resolved to divorce her quietly.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/7-36.htm">1 Corinthians 7:36-38</a></span><br />However, if someone thinks he is acting inappropriately toward his betrothed, and if she is beyond her youth and they ought to marry, let him do as he wishes; he is not sinning; they should get married. / But the man who is firmly established in his heart and under no constraint, with control over his will and resolve in his heart not to marry the virgin, he will do well. / So then, he who marries the virgin does well, but he who does not marry her does even better.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/6-18.htm">1 Corinthians 6:18-20</a></span><br />Flee from sexual immorality. Every other sin a man can commit is outside his body, but he who sins sexually sins against his own body. / Do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own; / you were bought at a price. Therefore glorify God with your body.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_thessalonians/4-3.htm">1 Thessalonians 4:3-4</a></span><br />For it is God’s will that you should be holy: You must abstain from sexual immorality; / each of you must know how to control his own body in holiness and honor,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ephesians/5-3.htm">Ephesians 5:3</a></span><br />But among you, as is proper among the saints, there must not be even a hint of sexual immorality, or of any kind of impurity, or of greed.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hebrews/13-4.htm">Hebrews 13:4</a></span><br />Marriage should be honored by all and the marriage bed kept undefiled, for God will judge the sexually immoral and adulterers.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_timothy/5-14.htm">1 Timothy 5:14</a></span><br />So I advise the younger widows to marry, have children, and manage their households, denying the adversary occasion for slander.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, which is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;</p><p class="hdg">because he hath humbled</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/22-19.htm">Deuteronomy 22:19,24</a></b></br> And they shall amerce him in an hundred <i>shekels</i> of silver, and give <i>them</i> unto the father of the damsel, because he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel: and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his days… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/21-14.htm">Deuteronomy 21:14</a></b></br> And it shall be, if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her go whither she will; but thou shalt not sell her at all for money, thou shalt not make merchandise of her, because thou hast humbled her.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm">Betrothed</a> <a href="/numbers/31-32.htm">Caught</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-14.htm">Connection</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm">Damsel</a> <a href="/leviticus/20-18.htm">Discovered</a> <a href="/genesis/36-24.htm">Discovery</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm">Engaged</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-25.htm">Happens</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-25.htm">Hold</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm">Lady</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-25.htm">Lies</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm">Married</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-25.htm">Meet</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-25.htm">Meets</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm">Pledged</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-25.htm">Rapes</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-25.htm">Seizes</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm">Virgin</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-23.htm">Word</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm">Young</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/2_samuel/3-14.htm">Betrothed</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/24-7.htm">Caught</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/24-8.htm">Connection</a> <a href="/judges/5-30.htm">Damsel</a> <a href="/judges/21-8.htm">Discovered</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-8.htm">Discovery</a> <a href="/judges/12-2.htm">Engaged</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-10.htm">Happens</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/30-20.htm">Hold</a> <a href="/judges/5-30.htm">Lady</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/27-20.htm">Lies</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-2.htm">Married</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-4.htm">Meet</a> <a href="/proverbs/7-10.htm">Meets</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/28-30.htm">Pledged</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-25.htm">Rapes</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/25-11.htm">Seizes</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/32-25.htm">Virgin</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-23.htm">Word</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/22-29.htm">Young</a><div class="vheading2">Deuteronomy 22</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-1.htm">Of humanity toward brothers</a></span><br><span class="reftext">5. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-5.htm">The sex is to be distinguished by apparel</a></span><br><span class="reftext">6. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-6.htm">The bird is not to be taken with her young ones</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-8.htm">The house must have battlements</a></span><br><span class="reftext">9. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-9.htm">Confusion is to be avoided</a></span><br><span class="reftext">12. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-12.htm">Tassels upon the vesture</a></span><br><span class="reftext">13. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-13.htm">The punishment of him who slanders his wife</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-22.htm">of adultery</a></span><br><span class="reftext">23. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-23.htm">of rape</a></span><br><span class="reftext">28. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">of fornication</a></span><br><span class="reftext">30. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-30.htm">of incest</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/deuteronomy/22.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/deuteronomy/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/deuteronomy/22.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>If a man encounters a virgin who is not pledged in marriage</b><br>This phrase sets the context for the situation being addressed. In ancient Israelite society, virginity was highly valued, and a woman's marital status was significant. A virgin not pledged in marriage indicates a young woman who is not yet betrothed, which was a formal agreement akin to engagement but more binding. The cultural context emphasizes the importance of family honor and the protection of women within the community. The law aims to address situations where a woman's future and family honor could be jeopardized.<p><b>and he seizes her and lies with her</b><br>The language here indicates a non-consensual act, which is a serious offense in biblical law. The term "seizes" suggests force or coercion, highlighting the gravity of the man's actions. This reflects the broader biblical principle of justice and protection for the vulnerable, as seen in other laws that protect the rights of individuals (<a href="/exodus/22-16.htm">Exodus 22:16-17</a>). The act of lying with her without consent is considered a violation of her person and future prospects, necessitating legal and social consequences.<p><b>and they are discovered</b><br>The discovery of the act implies a public awareness, which would necessitate a community response. In ancient Israel, community involvement in legal matters was common, as seen in the role of elders and judges in resolving disputes (<a href="/deuteronomy/21-18.htm">Deuteronomy 21:18-21</a>). The public nature of the discovery underscores the importance of communal standards and the need for justice to be visibly upheld. This aligns with the biblical theme of accountability and the role of the community in maintaining moral and social order.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/m/man.htm">Man</a></b><br>The individual who encounters and seizes the virgin. In the context of ancient Israel, this refers to a male member of the community.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/v/virgin.htm">Virgin</a></b><br>A young woman who is not pledged to be married. In Hebrew, the term used is "na'arah," which refers to a young woman of marriageable age.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/e/event.htm">Event</a></b><br>The act of seizing and lying with the virgin. This is a situation that requires legal and moral consideration within the community.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/d/discovery.htm">Discovery</a></b><br>The act is found out or made known to others, prompting a response according to the law.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/u/understanding_the_cultural_context.htm">Understanding the Cultural Context</a></b><br>In ancient Israel, laws were given to protect the vulnerable and maintain social order. Understanding the historical and cultural context helps us grasp the intent behind the law.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_value_of_purity.htm">The Value of Purity</a></b><br>The emphasis on a virgin not pledged to be married underscores the value placed on purity and the sanctity of marriage.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/r/responsibility_and_consequences.htm">Responsibility and Consequences</a></b><br>The law holds individuals accountable for their actions, emphasizing the importance of responsibility and the consequences of sin.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_justice_and_mercy.htm">God's Justice and Mercy</a></b><br>While the law provides justice, it also reflects God's mercy by offering a way to restore honor and provide for the woman involved.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/m/modern_application.htm">Modern Application</a></b><br>In today's context, this passage challenges us to consider how we uphold the dignity and protection of individuals, particularly in matters of sexual ethics.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_deuteronomy_22.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Deuteronomy 22</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_does_deut._22_28-29_mandate_marrying_a_rapist.htm">Why does Deuteronomy 22:28–29 mandate marriage to a rapist, forcing the victim into a lifelong bond with her attacker? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_is_tamar's_fate_ignored_post-assault.htm">Why is Tamar’s fate largely unaddressed after her assault in 2 Samuel 13:19–20?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_premarital_sex_like_marriage.htm">Is premarital sex equivalent to marriage?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_did_biblical_norms_affect_women's_marriages.htm">How did biblical cultural norms affect women's marriage choices?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/deuteronomy/22.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div><a href="/context/deuteronomy/22-28.htm" title="If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, which is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;">Deuteronomy 22:28-29</a>.--<span class= "bld">SEDUCTION.</span><p>See <a href="/context/exodus/22-16.htm" title="And if a man entice a maid that is not betrothed, and lie with her, he shall surely endow her to be his wife.">Exodus 22:16-17</a>. The sin of seduction before marriage is punished by a heavy fine. We have recently amended our own laws in the direction of this very precept. But the fact that marriage was made compulsory in these cases makes the Law stricter still. It seems, however, from <a href="/exodus/22-17.htm" title="If her father utterly refuse to give her to him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.">Exodus 22:17</a>, that the <span class= "ital">girl's father </span>might forbid the marriage, though the seducer could not escape from it in any other way.<p>(30) See <a href="/leviticus/18-7.htm" title="The nakedness of your father, or the nakedness of your mother, shall you not uncover: she is your mother; you shall not uncover her nakedness.">Leviticus 18:7</a>. A <span class= "ital">principle, </span>not merely a precept, is implied here, as appears by the details of Leviticus 18<p><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">If</span><br /><span class="heb">כִּֽי־</span> <span class="translit">(kî-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> </span><span class="str2">A relative conjunction</span><br /><br /><span class="word">a man</span><br /><span class="heb">אִ֗ישׁ</span> <span class="translit">(’îš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_376.htm">Strong's 376: </a> </span><span class="str2">A man as an individual, a male person</span><br /><br /><span class="word">encounters</span><br /><span class="heb">יִמְצָ֣א</span> <span class="translit">(yim·ṣā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4672.htm">Strong's 4672: </a> </span><span class="str2">To come forth to, appear, exist, to attain, find, acquire, to occur, meet, be present</span><br /><br /><span class="word">a virgin</span><br /><span class="heb">בְתוּלָה֙</span> <span class="translit">(ḇə·ṯū·lāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1330.htm">Strong's 1330: </a> </span><span class="str2">A virgin, sometimes, a bride</span><br /><br /><span class="word">who</span><br /><span class="heb">אֲשֶׁ֣ר</span> <span class="translit">(’ă·šer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Pronoun - relative<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_834.htm">Strong's 834: </a> </span><span class="str2">Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that</span><br /><br /><span class="word">is not</span><br /><span class="heb">לֹא־</span> <span class="translit">(lō-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb - Negative particle<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> </span><span class="str2">Not, no</span><br /><br /><span class="word">pledged in marriage,</span><br /><span class="heb">אֹרָ֔שָׂה</span> <span class="translit">(’ō·rā·śāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_781.htm">Strong's 781: </a> </span><span class="str2">To engage for, matrimony</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and he overpowers her</span><br /><span class="heb">וּתְפָשָׂ֖הּ</span> <span class="translit">(ū·ṯə·p̄ā·śāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8610.htm">Strong's 8610: </a> </span><span class="str2">To manipulate, seize, chiefly to capture, wield, to overlay, to use unwarrantably</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and rapes</span><br /><span class="heb">וְשָׁכַ֣ב</span> <span class="translit">(wə·šā·ḵaḇ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7901.htm">Strong's 7901: </a> </span><span class="str2">To lie down</span><br /><br /><span class="word">her,</span><br /><span class="heb">עִמָּ֑הּ</span> <span class="translit">(‘im·māh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition | third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5973.htm">Strong's 5973: </a> </span><span class="str2">With, equally with</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and they are discovered,</span><br /><span class="heb">וְנִמְצָֽאוּ׃</span> <span class="translit">(wə·nim·ṣā·’ū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4672.htm">Strong's 4672: </a> </span><span class="str2">To come forth to, appear, exist, to attain, find, acquire, to occur, meet, be present</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">Deuteronomy 22:28 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/deuteronomy/22-28.htm">OT Law: Deuteronomy 22:28 If a man find a lady who (Deut. De Du)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-27.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Deuteronomy 22:27"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Deuteronomy 22:27" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/deuteronomy/22-29.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Deuteronomy 22:29"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Deuteronomy 22:29" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>