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href="#Opera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Opera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Other media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_influences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_influences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Cultural influences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_influences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div 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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Little Nemo</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="نيمو الصغير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نيمو الصغير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland" title="Little Nemo in Slumberland – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Little Nemo in Slumberland" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo" title="Little Nemo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Little Nemo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland" title="Little Nemo in Slumberland – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Little Nemo in Slumberland" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%86%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88" title="نمو کوچولو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نمو کوچولو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland" title="Little Nemo in Slumberland – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Little Nemo in Slumberland" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo" title="Little Nemo – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Little Nemo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo" title="Little Nemo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Little Nemo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C5%BEasis_Nemo" title="Mažasis Nemo – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mažasis Nemo" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_kis_Nemo" title="A kis Nemo – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A kis Nemo" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland" title="Little Nemo in Slumberland – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Little Nemo in Slumberland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A2" title="リトル・ニモ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リトル・ニモ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lille_Nemo" title="Lille Nemo – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lille Nemo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo" title="Little Nemo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Little Nemo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo" title="Little Nemo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Little Nemo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D1%83_%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%99%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мали Немо у земљи снова – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мали Немо у земљи снова" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pikku_Nemo_H%C3%B6yhensaarilla" title="Pikku Nemo Höyhensaarilla – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pikku Nemo Höyhensaarilla" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lille_Nemo_i_Dr%C3%B6mrike" title="Lille Nemo i Drömrike – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lille Nemo i Drömrike" 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">US early 20th century comic strip</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the comic strip and character. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Little_Nemo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Little Nemo (disambiguation)">Little Nemo (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-style: italic; background-color: #99C2FF; color: black; padding: 0.25em 1em; font-size: 125%;">Little Nemo</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1906-02-11_last_panel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Little_Nemo_1906-02-11_last_panel.jpg/300px-Little_Nemo_1906-02-11_last_panel.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Little_Nemo_1906-02-11_last_panel.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="347" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Nemo in bed, where he awoke at the end of each strip (here February 11, 1906)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Winsor_McCay" title="Winsor McCay">Winsor McCay</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">October 15, 1905<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1905-10-15</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">End date</th><td class="infobox-data">January 9, 1927<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1927-01-09</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternate name(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>In the Land of Wonderful Dreams</i> (1911–1914)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald" title="New York Herald">New York Herald</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Journal-American" title="New York Journal-American">New York American</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_the_Rarebit_Fiend" title="Dream of the Rarebit Fiend">Dream of the Rarebit Fiend</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Little Nemo</b> is a fictional character created by American cartoonist <a href="/wiki/Winsor_McCay" title="Winsor McCay">Winsor McCay</a>. He originated in an early comic strip by McCay, <i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_the_Rarebit_Fiend" title="Dream of the Rarebit Fiend">Dream of the Rarebit Fiend</a></i>, before receiving his own spin-off series, <i><b>Little Nemo in Slumberland</b></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The full-page weekly strip depicted Nemo having fantastic dreams that were interrupted by his awakening in the final panel. The strip is considered McCay's masterpiece for its experiments with the form of the comics page, its use of color and perspective, its timing and pacing, the size and shape of its panels, and its architectural and other details. </p><p><i>Little Nemo in Slumberland</i> ran in the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald" title="New York Herald">New York Herald</a></i> from October 15, 1905 until July 23, 1911. The strip was renamed <i><b>In the Land of Wonderful Dreams</b></i> when McCay brought it to <a href="/wiki/William_Randolph_Hearst" title="William Randolph Hearst">William Randolph Hearst</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_American" class="mw-redirect" title="New York American">New York American</a></i>, where it ran from September 3, 1911 until July 26, 1914. When McCay returned to the <i>Herald</i> in 1924, he revived the strip, and it ran under its original title from August 3, 1924 until January 9, 1927, when McCay returned to Hearst.<sup id="cite_ref-Holtz_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holtz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concept">Concept</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Concept"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A weekly fantasy adventure, <i>Little Nemo in Slumberland</i> featured the young Nemo ("No one" in Latin) who dreamed himself into wondrous predicaments<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from which he awoke in bed in the last panel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first episode<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> begins with a command from King Morpheus of Slumberland to a minion to collect Nemo.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597,_113_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597,_113-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nemo was to be the playmate of Slumberland's Princess, but it took months of adventures before Nemo finally arrived; a green, cigar-chewing clown named Flip was determined to disturb Nemo's sleep with a top hat emblazoned with the words "Wake Up".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nemo and Flip eventually become companions, and are joined by an African Imp whom Flip finds in the Candy Islands. The group travels far and wide, from shanty towns to Mars, to <a href="/wiki/Jack_Frost" title="Jack Frost">Jack Frost</a>'s palace, to the bizarre architecture and distorted <a href="/wiki/Distorting_mirror" title="Distorting mirror">funhouse-mirror</a> illusions of Befuddle Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005113,_118_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005113,_118-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1907-12-01_panels_3_and_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Little_Nemo_1907-12-01_panels_3_and_4.jpg/500px-Little_Nemo_1907-12-01_panels_3_and_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Little_Nemo_1907-12-01_panels_3_and_4.jpg/750px-Little_Nemo_1907-12-01_panels_3_and_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Little_Nemo_1907-12-01_panels_3_and_4.jpg/1000px-Little_Nemo_1907-12-01_panels_3_and_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1718" data-file-height="570" /></a><figcaption>Flip, Nemo and Impie <a href="/wiki/Breaking_the_fourth_wall" class="mw-redirect" title="Breaking the fourth wall">breaking the fourth wall</a> by breaking apart the panel's outlines and eating the letters of the title.</figcaption></figure> <p>The strip shows McCay's understanding of dream psychology, particularly of dream fears—falling, drowning, impalement. This dream world has its own moral code, perhaps difficult to understand.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Breaking it has terrible consequences, as when Nemo ignores instructions not to touch Queen Crystalette, who inhabits a cave of glass. Overcome with his infatuation, he causes her and her followers to shatter, and awakens with "the groans of the dying guardsmen still ringing in his ears".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005113_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005113-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1907-09-29.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Little_Nemo_1907-09-29.jpg/220px-Little_Nemo_1907-09-29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Little_Nemo_1907-09-29.jpg/330px-Little_Nemo_1907-09-29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Little_Nemo_1907-09-29.jpg/440px-Little_Nemo_1907-09-29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3646" data-file-height="4724" /></a><figcaption>Nemo and the Little Imp explore the city as giants, September 9, 1907.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although the strip began October 15, 1905, with Morpheus, ruler of Slumberland, making his first attempt to bring Little Nemo to his realm, Nemo did not get into Slumberland until March 4, 1906, and, due to Flip's interfering, did not get to see the Princess until July 8. His dream quest is always interrupted, either by his falling out of bed, or by his parents forcing him to wake up. </p><p>On July 12, 1908, McCay made a major change of direction: Flip visits Nemo and tells him that he has had his uncle destroy Slumberland (it had been dissolved before, into day, but this time it appeared to be permanent). After this, Nemo's dreams take place in his home town, though Flip—and a curious-looking boy named the Professor—accompany him. These adventures range from the down-to-earth to <a href="/wiki/Dream_of_the_Rarebit_Fiend" title="Dream of the Rarebit Fiend">Rarebit-fiend</a> type fantasy; one very commonplace dream had the Professor pelting people with snowballs. The famous "walking bed" story was in this period. Slumberland continued to make sporadic appearances until it returned for good on December 26, 1909. </p><p>Story-arcs included Befuddle Hall, a voyage to Mars (with a well-realized Martian civilization), and a trip around the world (including a tour of New York City). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Style">Style</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McCay experimented with the form of the comics page, its timing and pacing, the size and shape of its panels, perspective, and architectural and other detail.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the second installment, McCay had the panel sizes and layouts conform to the action in the strip: as a forest of mushrooms grew, so did the panels, and the panels shrank as the mushrooms collapsed on Nemo. In an early Thanksgiving episode, the focal action of a giant turkey gobbling Nemo's house receives an enormous circular panel in the center of the page.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McCay also accommodated a sense of proportion with panel size and shape, showing elephants and dragons at a scale the reader could feel in proportion to the regular characters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McCay controlled narrative pacing through variation or repetition, as with equally-sized panels whose repeated layouts and minute differences in movement conveyed a feeling of buildup to some climactic action.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1905-11-26_middle_five_panels.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="McCay sized and placed panels to conform to the action they contained (November 25, 1905).[c]"><img alt="Five panels of a color comic strip. The circular center panel overwhelms the others with an image of a giant turkey lifting up and eating a house. In the other panels, a boy is shaken from the house and falls into a lake of cranberry sauce." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Little_Nemo_1905-11-26_middle_five_panels.jpg/500px-Little_Nemo_1905-11-26_middle_five_panels.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Little_Nemo_1905-11-26_middle_five_panels.jpg/750px-Little_Nemo_1905-11-26_middle_five_panels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Little_Nemo_1905-11-26_middle_five_panels.jpg/1000px-Little_Nemo_1905-11-26_middle_five_panels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1738" data-file-height="1083" /></a><figcaption>McCay sized and placed panels to conform to the action they contained (November 25, 1905).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In his familiar <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a>-influenced style, McCay outlined his characters in heavy blacks. Slumberland's ornate architecture was reminiscent of the architecture designed by <a href="/wiki/McKim,_Mead_%26_White" title="McKim, Mead & White">McKim, Mead & White</a> for the 1893 <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Columbian_Exposition" title="World's Columbian Exposition">World's Columbian Exposition</a> in Chicago, as well as <a href="/wiki/Luna_Park_(Coney_Island,_1903)" title="Luna Park (Coney Island, 1903)">Luna Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dreamland_(Coney_Island,_1904)" title="Dreamland (Coney Island, 1904)">Dreamland</a> in <a href="/wiki/Coney_Island" title="Coney Island">Coney Island</a>, and the Parisian <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Palace" title="Luxembourg Palace">Luxembourg Palace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005100_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005100-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:508px;max-width:508px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:199px;max-width:199px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1905-12-17_panel_nine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A comic strip panel. A character in a frilled red suit points a boy at a city with ostentatious architecture." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Little_Nemo_1905-12-17_panel_nine.jpg/197px-Little_Nemo_1905-12-17_panel_nine.jpg" decoding="async" width="197" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Little_Nemo_1905-12-17_panel_nine.jpg/296px-Little_Nemo_1905-12-17_panel_nine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Little_Nemo_1905-12-17_panel_nine.jpg/394px-Little_Nemo_1905-12-17_panel_nine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="717" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:305px;max-width:305px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Dragon%27s_Gorge,_Luna_Park,_Coney_Island,_NY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A colored photograph of an ornately-decorated amusement park." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/The_Dragon%27s_Gorge%2C_Luna_Park%2C_Coney_Island%2C_NY.jpg/303px-The_Dragon%27s_Gorge%2C_Luna_Park%2C_Coney_Island%2C_NY.jpg" decoding="async" width="303" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/The_Dragon%27s_Gorge%2C_Luna_Park%2C_Coney_Island%2C_NY.jpg/455px-The_Dragon%27s_Gorge%2C_Luna_Park%2C_Coney_Island%2C_NY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/The_Dragon%27s_Gorge%2C_Luna_Park%2C_Coney_Island%2C_NY.jpg/606px-The_Dragon%27s_Gorge%2C_Luna_Park%2C_Coney_Island%2C_NY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="817" data-file-height="462" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><i>Nemo</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s ornate architecture was inspired by McCay's memories of the 1893 <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Columbian_Exposition" title="World's Columbian Exposition">World's Columbian Exposition</a> in Chicago, and his experience working at <a href="/wiki/Coney_Island" title="Coney Island">Coney Island</a> (<a href="/wiki/Luna_Park,_Coney_Island_(1903)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luna Park, Coney Island (1903)">Luna Park</a> pictured).</div></div></div></div> <p>McCay made imaginative use of color, sometimes changing the backgrounds' or characters' colors from panel to panel in a <a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Psychedelic (disambiguation)">psychedelic</a> imitation of a dream experience. The colors were enhanced by the careful attention and advanced <a href="/wiki/Ben-Day_dots" class="mw-redirect" title="Ben-Day dots">Ben Day</a> lithographic process employed by the <i>Herald</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s printing staff.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005100–101_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005100–101-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McCay annotated the <i>Nemo</i> pages for the printers with the precise color schemes he wanted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199422Canemaker2005107_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199422Canemaker2005107-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the first five months the pages were accompanied with captions beneath them,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at first the captions were numbered.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBukatman201227_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBukatman201227-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to the high level of skill in the artwork, the dialogue in the speech balloons is crude, sometimes approaching illegibility,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGutjahrBenton2001166Heller2007_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGutjahrBenton2001166Heller2007-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "disfigur[ing McCay's] otherwise flawless work", according to critic <a href="/wiki/R._C._Harvey" title="R. C. Harvey">R. C. Harvey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199428_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199428-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The level of effort and skill apparent in the title lettering highlights<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGutjahrBenton2001166_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGutjahrBenton2001166-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> what seems to be the little regard for the dialogue balloons, their content, and their placement in the visual composition. </p><p>McCay used ethnic stereotypes prominently in <i>Little Nemo</i>, as in the ill-tempered Irishman Flip, and the nearly-mute African Impie.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinokur201258,_63_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinokur201258,_63-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Winsor_McCay" title="Winsor McCay">Winsor McCay</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1867–71</span> – 1934)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had worked prolifically as a commercial artist and cartoonist in carnivals and <a href="/wiki/Dime_museum" title="Dime museum">dime museums</a> before he began working for newspapers and magazines in 1898. In 1903, he joined the staff of the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald" title="New York Herald">New York Herald</a></i> family of newspapers,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEagan201032_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEagan201032-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he had success with comic strips such as <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Sammy_Sneeze" title="Little Sammy Sneeze">Little Sammy Sneeze</a></i> (1904–06).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200575_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200575-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_the_Rarebit_Fiend" title="Dream of the Rarebit Fiend">Dream of the Rarebit Fiend</a></i> (1904–11)<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEagan201032_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEagan201032-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bobbie_McCay_Little_Nemo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black-and-white photograph of a curly-haired young boy, seated with one leg crossed over the other, and wearing a sailor suit." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bobbie_McCay_Little_Nemo.jpg/220px-Bobbie_McCay_Little_Nemo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bobbie_McCay_Little_Nemo.jpg/330px-Bobbie_McCay_Little_Nemo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bobbie_McCay_Little_Nemo.jpg/440px-Bobbie_McCay_Little_Nemo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1972" data-file-height="2464" /></a><figcaption>Winsor McCay's son <a href="/wiki/Bob_McCay" title="Bob McCay">Robert</a> served as the model for Nemo.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1905, McCay got "an idea from the <i>Rarebit Fiend</i> to please the little folk".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200587_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200587-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That October, the full-page <a href="/wiki/Sunday_comics" title="Sunday comics">Sunday strip</a> <i>Little Nemo in Slumberland</i> debuted in the <i>Herald</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Considered McCay's masterpiece,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421Hubbard2012Sabin1993134Dover_editors1973viiCanwell200919_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421Hubbard2012Sabin1993134Dover_editors1973viiCanwell200919-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its child <a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">protagonist</a>, whose appearance was based on McCay's son <a href="/wiki/Bob_McCay" title="Bob McCay">Robert</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrafton199397_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrafton199397-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had fabulous dreams that would be interrupted with his awakening in the last panel. McCay experimented with the form of the comics page, its timing and pacing, the size and shape of its panels, perspective, architectural and other detail.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_history">Publication history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Publication history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Little Nemo in Slumberland</i> debuted on the last page of the Sunday comics section of <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Herald">The New York Herald</a></i> newspaper, on October 15, 1905. The full-page, color comic strip ran until July 23, 1911.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In spring 1911, McCay moved to <a href="/wiki/William_Randolph_Hearst" title="William Randolph Hearst">William Randolph Hearst's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Journal-American" title="New York Journal-American">New York American</a></i> and took <i>Little Nemo</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s characters with him. The <i>Herald</i> held the strip's copyright,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005164_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005164-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but McCay won a lawsuit that allowed him to continue using the characters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005168_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005168-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i>American</i>, the strip ran under the title <i>In the Land of Wonderful Dreams</i>. The <i>Herald</i> was unsuccessful in finding another cartoonist to continue the original strip.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005164_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005164-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McCay left Hearst in May 1924<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005228_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005228-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and returned to the <i>Herald Tribune</i>. He began <i>Little Nemo in Slumberland</i> afresh on August 3 of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005229_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005229-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new strip displayed the <a href="/wiki/Virtuoso" title="Virtuoso">virtuoso</a> technique of the old, but the panels were laid out in an unvarying grid. Nemo took a more passive role in the stories,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005226_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005226-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and there was no continuity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005235_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005235-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The strip came to an end in January 1927,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005229_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005229-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it was not popular with readers. Hearst executives had been trying to convince McCay to return to the <i>American</i>, and they succeeded in 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005235_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005235-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the lack of the 1920s Nemo's success, the <i>Herald Tribune</i> signed over all copyrights to the strip to McCay for one dollar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005237_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005237-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1937, McCay's son Robert attempted to carry on his father's legacy by reviving <i>Little Nemo</i>. <a href="/wiki/Comic_book_packager" class="mw-redirect" title="Comic book packager">Comic book packager</a> <a href="/wiki/Harry_%22A%22_Chesler" title="Harry "A" Chesler">Harry "A" Chesler</a>'s syndicate announced a Sunday and daily <i>Nemo</i> strip, credited to "Winsor McCay, Jr." Robert also drew a comic-book version for Chesler called <i>Nemo in Adventureland</i> featuring grown-up versions of Nemo and the Princess. Neither project lasted long.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Production continued on both after the syndicate was closed in 1938, being utilized in various comic books including Cocomalt Comics and <a href="/wiki/Blue_Ribbon_Comics" title="Blue Ribbon Comics">Blue Ribbon</a>, published by MLJ Publications (later <a href="/wiki/Archie_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Archie Publications">Archie Publications</a>). Chesler closed his shop (the first of several times) around 1940. <a href="/wiki/Street_%26_Smith" title="Street & Smith">Street & Smith</a> ran Little Nemo in 1942 in <i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Comics" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Comics">Shadow Comics</a></i>. In 1945, McCay was again with Chesler’s shop, producing Little Nemo in Adventureland for Red Seal and Punch Comics until 1947, when the shop closed down for the final time.<sup id="cite_ref-ww.lambiek.net_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ww.lambiek.net-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1947, Robert and fabric salesman Irving Mendelsohn organized the McCay Feature Syndicate, Inc. to revive the original <i>Nemo</i> strip from McCay's original art, modified to fit the size of modern newspaper pages. This revival also did not last.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaugh194720–21Canemaker2005253_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaugh194720–21Canemaker2005253-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The McCay-Richardson Syndicate distributed this version from approximately March to December 1947. </p><p>In 1966, cartoonist <a href="/wiki/Woody_Gelman" title="Woody Gelman">Woody Gelman</a> discovered the original artwork for many <i>Little Nemo</i> strips at a cartoon studio where McCay's son Bob had worked. In 1973, Gelman published a collection of <i>Little Nemo</i> strips in Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJamieson2010126_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJamieson2010126-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His collection of McCay originals is preserved at the <a href="/wiki/Billy_Ireland_Cartoon_Library_%26_Museum" title="Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum">Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpencer2005_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpencer2005-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, collector Peter Maresca self-published a 21-×-16-inch (53 × 41 cm) volume of <i>Nemo</i> Sundays as <i>Little Nemo in Slumberland: So Many Splendid Sundays!</i> via his <a href="/wiki/Sunday_Press_Books" title="Sunday Press Books">Sunday Press Books</a>. The volume was large enough to reproduce the pages at their original size, as they appeared in newspapers. Restoration work took Maresca between five and twenty hours per page.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoxer2005_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoxer2005-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second volume, <i>Little Nemo in Slumberland: Many More Splendid Sundays!</i>, appeared in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoctorow2008_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoctorow2008-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adaptations">Adaptations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre">Theatre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Theatre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Master_Gabriel_Little_Nemo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black-and-white photographed of a neatly-dressed young boy in a hat, sitting on a pedestal." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Master_Gabriel_Little_Nemo.jpg/220px-Master_Gabriel_Little_Nemo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Master_Gabriel_Little_Nemo.jpg/330px-Master_Gabriel_Little_Nemo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Master_Gabriel_Little_Nemo.jpg/440px-Master_Gabriel_Little_Nemo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1976" data-file-height="2476" /></a><figcaption>Master Gabriel as the star of the 1908 <i>Little Nemo</i> musical</figcaption></figure> <p>As early as 1905, several abortive attempts were made to put <i>Little Nemo</i> on stage. In summer 1907, <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Klaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Klaw">Marcus Klaw</a> and <a href="/wiki/A._L._Erlanger" title="A. L. Erlanger">A. L. Erlanger</a> announced they would put on an extravagant <i>Little Nemo</i> show for an unprecedented $100,000, with a score by <a href="/wiki/Victor_Herbert" title="Victor Herbert">Victor Herbert</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005141_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005141-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lyrics by <a href="/wiki/Harry_B._Smith" title="Harry B. Smith">Harry B. Smith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005141_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005141-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It starred Gabriel Weigel, an actor with dwarfism, as Nemo, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cawthorn" title="Joseph Cawthorn">Joseph Cawthorn</a> as Dr. Pill, and <a href="/wiki/Billy_B._Van" title="Billy B. Van">Billy B. Van</a> as Flip.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005143_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005143-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reviews were positive, and it played to sold-out houses in New York. It went on the road for two seasons.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005148_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005148-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McCay brought his vaudeville act to each city where <i>Little Nemo</i> played. When a <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Keith" title="Benjamin Franklin Keith">Keith</a> circuit<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> refused to let McCay perform in Boston without a new act, McCay switched to the <a href="/wiki/William_Morris_Agency" title="William Morris Agency">William Morris</a> circuit, with a $100-a-week raise.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005149_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005149-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In several cities, McCay brought his son, who sat on a small throne dressed as Nemo as publicity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005151_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005151-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As part of an improvised story, Cawthorn introduced a mythical creature he called a "<a href="/wiki/Whiffenpoof" title="Whiffenpoof">Whiffenpoof</a>". The word stuck with the public, and became the name of a <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Whiffenpoof_Song" class="extiw" title="s:The Whiffenpoof Song">hit song</a> and a <a href="/wiki/The_Whiffenpoofs" title="The Whiffenpoofs">singing group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005143_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005143-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One reviewer of the 1908 operetta gave a paragraph of praise to the comic hunting tales presented in a scene in which three hunters are trying to outdo each other with hunting stories about the "montimanjack", the "peninsula", and the "whiffenpoof". He calls it "one of the funniest yarns ever spun" and compares it favorably to <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Carroll" title="Lewis Carroll">Lewis Carroll</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Hunting_of_the_Snark" title="The Hunting of the Snark">The Hunting of the Snark</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One source indicates that the dialogue in fact began as an <a href="/wiki/Ad_lib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad lib">ad lib</a> by actor <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cawthorn" title="Joseph Cawthorn">Joseph Cawthorn</a>, covering for some kind of backstage problem during a performance.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The whiffenpoof is also referred in one of the Little Nemo <a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1909-04-11.jpg" title="File:Little Nemo 1909-04-11.jpg">comic strips published in 1909 (April 11)</a>. After being held down by nine policemen during a hysteria crisis, Nemo's father tells the doctor: "Just keep those whiffenpoofs away. Will you?". <a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1909-09-26.jpg" title="File:Little Nemo 1909-09-26.jpg">The strip for September 26</a> starts with a hunt for whiffenpoofs but instead the hunters find a "montemaniac" and a "peninsula". </p><p>Despite the show's success, it failed to make back its investment due to its enormous expenses,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005149_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005149-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and came to an end in December 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005151_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005151-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In mid-2012 Toronto-based theatre company Frolick performed an adaptation of the strip into <i>Adventures in Slumberland</i>, a multimedia show featuring puppets large and small and a score that included as a refrain "Wake Up Little Nemo", set to the tune of <a href="/wiki/The_Everly_Brothers" title="The Everly Brothers">The Everly Brothers</a>' 1957 hit "<a href="/wiki/Wake_Up_Little_Susie" title="Wake Up Little Susie">Wake Up Little Susie</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrow2012_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrow2012-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Talespinner_Children%27s_Theatre" title="Talespinner Children's Theatre">Talespinner Children's Theatre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, OH produced a scaled-down, "colorful and high-energy 45-minute"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowey2013_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowey2013-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adaptation in 2013, <i>Adventures In Slumberland</i> by <a href="/wiki/David_Hansen_(playwright)" title="David Hansen (playwright)">David Hansen</a>. </p><p>In March 2017, a short, one-act adaptation of the "Little Nemo" adventures was staged at Fordham University in New York City. The play, simply entitled <i>Little Nemo in Slumberland</i>, was written by Aladdin Lee Grant Rutledge Collar, and directed by student Peter McNally. The six person cast, as well as creative team, consisted of students and alums at the university.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm/220px--Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="147" data-durationhint="693" data-mwtitle="Winsor_McCay,_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_(1911).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Winsor_McCay,_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_(1911).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="720" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8"" data-width="720" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="360" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="540" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm/Winsor_McCay%2C_the_Famous_Cartoonist_of_the_N.Y._Herald_and_His_Moving_Comics_-_Little_Nemo_%281911%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="540" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption><i>Little Nemo</i> (1911)</figcaption></figure> <p>McCay played an important role in the early history of animation. In 1911, he completed his first film, <i>Winsor McCay, the Famous Cartoonist of the N.Y. Herald and His Moving Comics</i> (also known as <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Nemo_(1911_film)" title="Little Nemo (1911 film)">Little Nemo</a></i>), first in theatres and then as part of his vaudeville act.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005160_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005160-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McCay made the 4,000 <a href="/wiki/Rice_paper" title="Rice paper">rice-paper</a> drawings for the animated portion of the film. The animated portion took up about four minutes of the film's total length.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005161_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005161-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Photography was done at the <a href="/wiki/Vitagraph_Studios" title="Vitagraph Studios">Vitagraph Studios</a> under the supervision of animation pioneer <a href="/wiki/James_Stuart_Blackton" class="mw-redirect" title="James Stuart Blackton">James Stuart Blackton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005160_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005160-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the live-action portion of the film, McCay bets his colleagues he can make his drawings move. He wins the bet by animating his <i>Little Nemo</i> characters, who shapeshift and transform.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005161_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005161-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984, Arnaud Sélignac produced and directed a film titled <i><a href="/wiki/Nemo_(1984_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemo (1984 film)">Nemo</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a.k.a. <i>Dream One</i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Jason_Connery" title="Jason Connery">Jason Connery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Keitel" title="Harvey Keitel">Harvey Keitel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Carole_Bouquet" title="Carole Bouquet">Carole Bouquet</a>. It involves a little boy called Nemo, who wears pajamas and travels to a fantasy world, but otherwise the connection to McCay's strip is a loose one. The fantasy world is a dark and dismal beach, and Nemo encounters characters from other works of fiction rather than those from the original strip. Instead of Flip or the Princess, Nemo meets <a href="/wiki/Zorro" title="Zorro">Zorro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alice_(Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland)" title="Alice (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)">Alice</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne" title="Jules Verne">Jules Verne</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nautilus_(Verne)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nautilus (Verne)">Nautilus</a> (which was led by <a href="/wiki/Captain_Nemo" title="Captain Nemo">Captain Nemo</a>). </p><p>A joint American-Japanese feature-length film <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Nemo:_Adventures_in_Slumberland" title="Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland">Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland</a></i> was released in Japan in 1989 and in the United States in August 1992 from <a href="/wiki/Hemdale_Film_Corporation" title="Hemdale Film Corporation">Hemdale Film Corporation</a>, with contributions by <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bradbury" title="Ray Bradbury">Ray Bradbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Columbus_(filmmaker)" title="Chris Columbus (filmmaker)">Chris Columbus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Giraud" title="Jean Giraud">Moebius</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant200646_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant200646-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and music by the <a href="/wiki/Sherman_Brothers" title="Sherman Brothers">Sherman Brothers</a>. The story tells of a quest by Nemo and friends to rescue King Morpheus from the Nightmare King. The Princess is given a name, Camille, and Nemo has a pet flying squirrel named Icarus.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeck2005149_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeck2005149-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It received mixed reviews from critics, where it earned $11.4 million on a $35 million budget and was a <a href="/wiki/Box-office_bomb" title="Box-office bomb">box-office bomb</a>, but it sold well on home video and has since developed a cult following. </p><p>A live-action film adaptation, <i><a href="/wiki/Slumberland_(film)" title="Slumberland (film)">Slumberland</a></i>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Lawrence" title="Francis Lawrence">Francis Lawrence</a>, was released in 2022. It features a gender-swapped version of the title character played by Marlow Barkley. <a href="/wiki/Jason_Momoa" title="Jason Momoa">Jason Momoa</a> stars as a radically altered version of Flip, who is described as a "nine-foot tall creature that is half-man, half-beast, has shaggy fur and long curved tusks". The plot centers on Nemo and Flip traveling to Slumberland in search of the former's father.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opera">Opera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Opera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Sarasota_Opera" title="Sarasota Opera">Sarasota Opera</a> commissioned composer <a href="/wiki/Daron_Hagen" title="Daron Hagen">Daron Hagen</a> and librettist <a href="/wiki/J._D._McClatchy" title="J. D. McClatchy">J. D. McClatchy</a> to create an opera based on <i>Little Nemo</i>. Two casts of children alternated performances when it debuted in November 2012. The dreamlike nonlinear story told of Nemo, the Princess, and their comrades trying to prevent the Emperor of Sol and the Guardian of Dawn from bringing daylight to Slumberland. Special effects and shifting backgrounds were produced with projections onto a scaffolding of boxes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2012_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2012-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The work was first performed on November 10 and 11, by members of the Sarasota Opera, Sarasota Youth Opera, Sarasota Prep Chorus, The Sailor Circus and students from Booker High school. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_media">Other media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1990, <a href="/wiki/Capcom" title="Capcom">Capcom</a> produced a video game for the <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">NES</a>, titled <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Nemo:_The_Dream_Master" title="Little Nemo: The Dream Master">Little Nemo: The Dream Master</a></i> (known as <i>Pajama Hero Nemo</i> in Japan), a licensed game based on the 1989 film. The film would not see a US release until 1992, two years after the game's Japanese release, so the game is often thought to be a standalone adaptation of <i>Little Nemo</i>, not related to the film. An <a href="/wiki/Arcade_game" title="Arcade game">arcade game</a> called simply <i><a href="/wiki/Nemo_(arcade_game)" title="Nemo (arcade game)">Nemo</a></i> was also released in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, a new game, titled <i>Little Nemo and the Nightmare Fiends</i> based on the original comic strip was launched on Kickstarter. It is developed by Chris Totten of Pie For Breakfast Studios and Benjamin Cole of PXLPLZ.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, a new game, titled <i>Little Nemo and the Guardians of Slumberland</i> based on the original comic strip was launched on Kickstarter. It is developed by Dave Mauro of DIE SOFT.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout the years, various pieces of Little Nemo merchandise have been produced. In 1941, Rand, McNally & Co. published a Little Nemo children's storybook. <i>Little Nemo in Slumberland in 3-D</i> was released by <a href="/wiki/Blackthorne_Publishing" title="Blackthorne Publishing">Blackthorne Publishing</a> in 1987; this reprinted Little Nemo issues with <a href="/wiki/Anaglyph_image#Viewing" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaglyph image">3-D glasses</a>. A set of 30 Little Nemo postcards was available through Stewart Tabori & Chang in 1996. In 1993, as promotion for the 1989 animated film, Hemdale produced a Collector's Set which includes a VHS movie, illustrated storybook, and cassette soundtrack. In 2001, <a href="/wiki/Dark_Horse_Comics" title="Dark Horse Comics">Dark Horse Comics</a> released a Little Nemo statue and tin lunchbox. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_influences">Cultural influences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cultural influences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Little Nemo itself is influenced by children stories in general, and some French comic pages in particular.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since its publishing, <i>Little Nemo</i> has had an influence on other artists, including <a href="/wiki/Peter_Newell" title="Peter Newell">Peter Newell</a> (<i>The Naps of Polly Sleepyhead</i>), <a href="/wiki/Frank_King_(cartoonist)" title="Frank King (cartoonist)">Frank King</a> (<i>Bobby Make-Believe</i>), <a href="/wiki/Clare_Briggs" title="Clare Briggs">Clare Briggs</a> (<i>Danny Dreamer</i>) or <a href="/wiki/George_McManus" title="George McManus">George McManus</a> (<i>Nibsy the Newsboy in Funny Fairyland</i>). Through the Paris edition of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald" title="New York Herald">New York Herald</a>, his influence reached <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and other European countries.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In children's literature, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Sendak" title="Maurice Sendak">Maurice Sendak</a> said that this strip inspired his book <i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Night_Kitchen" title="In the Night Kitchen">In the Night Kitchen</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/William_Joyce_(writer)" title="William Joyce (writer)">William Joyce</a> included several elements from Little Nemo in his children's book <i>Santa Calls</i>, including appearances by Flip and the walking bed. Another tribute to Little Nemo is the comic, then made into a short film, <i>Little Remo in Pinchmeland</i>, by Ellen Duthie and Daniela Martagón. </p><p>The character and themes from the comic strip <i>Little Nemo</i> were used in a song "Scenes from a Night's Dream" written by <a href="/wiki/Tony_Banks_(musician)" title="Tony Banks (musician)">Tony Banks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phil_Collins" title="Phil Collins">Phil Collins</a> of the progressive rock group <a href="/wiki/Genesis_(band)" title="Genesis (band)">Genesis</a> on their 1978 recording, <i><a href="/wiki/...And_Then_There_Were_Three..." title="...And Then There Were Three...">...And Then There Were Three...</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A progressive rock group from Germany named Scara Brae also recorded a musical impression of the comic on their rare self-titled disc from 1981 (the track was actually recorded 2 years earlier). Their concept piece was revived on the second album by the Greek band Anger Department, titled <i>The Strange Dreams of a Rarebit Fiend</i>, again after a McCay-comic. Their <i>Little Nemo</i> was chosen for a theatre play, which was suggested for the cultural program for the Olympic Games in 2004. </p><p>In 1984, Italian comic artist <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Giardino" title="Vittorio Giardino">Vittorio Giardino</a> started producing a number of stories under the title <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Ego" title="Little Ego">Little Ego</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Parody" title="Parody">parodic</a> adaptation of <i>Little Nemo</i>, in the shape of adult-oriented <a href="/wiki/Erotic_comics" title="Erotic comics">erotic comics</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brian_Bolland" title="Brian Bolland">Brian Bolland</a>'s early comic strip <i>Little Nympho in Slumberland</i> employed a similar technique. </p><p>The bar in <i><a href="/wiki/A_Nightmare_on_Elm_Street_3:_Dream_Warriors" title="A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors">A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors</a></i> is called 'Little Nemo's'.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The strip influenced <a href="/wiki/Alan_Moore" title="Alan Moore">Alan Moore</a>, in <i>Miracleman</i> #4, when the <a href="/wiki/Miracleman" title="Miracleman">Miracleman</a> family end up in a palace called "Sleepy Town", which has imagery similar to Little Nemo's. In Moore (and <a href="/wiki/J.H._Williams_III" class="mw-redirect" title="J.H. Williams III">J.H. Williams III</a>)'s <i><a href="/wiki/Promethea" title="Promethea">Promethea</a></i>, a more direct <a href="/wiki/Pastiche" title="Pastiche">pastiche</a> – "Little Margie in Misty Magic Land"<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – showed Moore's inspiration and debt to McCay's landmark 1905 strip. Little Nemo makes a visual cameo in Volume 4, issue #4 of Moore and <a href="/wiki/Kevin_O%27Neill_(comics)" title="Kevin O'Neill (comics)">Kevin O'Neill</a>'s <i>League of Extraordinary Gentleman</i>, during the Shakespearean Theatre scene that includes many other cameos. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Sandman_(Vertigo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandman (Vertigo)">Sandman</a> comics and graphic novel series occasionally references <i>Little Nemo</i> as well. Examples include <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sandman:_The_Doll%27s_House" title="The Sandman: The Doll's House">The Sandman: The Doll's House</a></i>, where an abused child escapes into dreams styled after McCay's comics and using a similar "wake-up" mechanism, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sandman:_Book_of_Dreams" title="The Sandman: Book of Dreams">The Sandman: Book of Dreams</a></i> (pub. 1996), which features <a href="/wiki/George_Alec_Effinger" title="George Alec Effinger">George Alec Effinger</a>'s short "Seven Nights in Slumberland" (where Nemo interacts with <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gaiman" title="Neil Gaiman">Neil Gaiman</a>'s characters <a href="/wiki/Endless_(comics)" title="Endless (comics)">The Endless</a>). </p><p>In 1989, teen comic book <a href="/wiki/Power_Pack" title="Power Pack">Power Pack</a> ran an issue (#47) which paid direct homage to one of McCay's Nemo storylines, featuring a castle that was drawn sideways and <a href="/wiki/Katie_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Katie Power">Katie Power</a> re-enacting a classic Nemo panel with a sideways-drawn hallway that served as a bottomless pit with the line "Don't fall in, y'hear?" </p><p>The video of the 1989 song for "<a href="/wiki/Runnin%27_Down_a_Dream" title="Runnin' Down a Dream">Runnin' Down a Dream</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Petty" title="Tom Petty">Tom Petty</a> is directly inspired by <i>Little Nemo in Slumberland</i> by Winsor McCay, which features a drawing style reminiscent of McCay's and showing Petty and a character who resembles Flip travelling through Slumberland. </p><p>The band <a href="/wiki/Queensr%C3%BFche" title="Queensrÿche">Queensrÿche</a> paid homage to Little Nemo in their 1990 video <a href="/wiki/Silent_Lucidity" title="Silent Lucidity">Silent Lucidity</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1994–1995, French artist <a href="/wiki/Jean_Giraud" title="Jean Giraud">Moebius</a> wrote the story to a sequel comic series, <i>Little Nemo</i>, drawn by Bruno Marchand in two <a href="/wiki/Comic_album" class="mw-redirect" title="Comic album">albums</a>. In 2000–2002, Marchand continued the story with two additional albums.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2006, electronic artist <a href="/wiki/Daedelus_(musician)" title="Daedelus (musician)">Daedelus</a> used Little Nemo artwork for his album <i><a href="/wiki/Denies_the_Day%27s_Demise" title="Denies the Day's Demise">Denies the Day's Demise</a></i>. </p><p>The comic strip <i><a href="/wiki/Cul_de_Sac_(comic_strip)" title="Cul de Sac (comic strip)">Cul de Sac</a></i> includes a strip-within-the-strip, <i>Little Neuro</i>, a parody of Little Nemo. Neuro is a little boy who hardly ever leaves his bed. </p><p>In 2009, the <a href="/wiki/ToonSeum" title="ToonSeum">Pittsburgh ToonSeum</a> established its NEMO Award, given to notable individuals "for excellence in the cartoon arts". Recipients to date include veteran comic-book artist, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Frenz" title="Ron Frenz">Ron Frenz</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> editorial and comic-strip artist, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Locher" title="Dick Locher">Dick Locher</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cartoonist and comics historian, <a href="/wiki/Trina_Robbins" title="Trina Robbins">Trina Robbins</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and comics artist, editorial cartoonist and artists' rights advocate <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Robinson" title="Jerry Robinson">Jerry Robinson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 15, 2012, celebrating the 107th anniversary of the first <i>Little Nemo</i> story, Google displayed an interactive animated "<a href="/wiki/Google_Doodle" title="Google Doodle">Google Doodle</a>" called "Little Nemo in Google-land" on its homepage. The doodle showed a typical Little Nemo adventure through a series of panels, each featuring a letter from the word "Google".<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The doodle also ends in the same way as the comic strips, with Nemo falling from his bed.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Eric_Shanower" title="Eric Shanower">Eric Shanower</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Rodriguez_(artist)" title="Gabriel Rodriguez (artist)">Gabriel Rodriguez</a> revived the characters in 2014 in an IDW comic book series entitled <i>Little Nemo: Return to Slumberland</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, Locust Moon Press released a new anthology and <a href="/wiki/Taschen" title="Taschen">Taschen</a> published the complete series (1905–1926). </p><p>A comic strip <i><a href="/wiki/Mutts_(comic_strip)" title="Mutts (comic strip)">Mutts</a></i> has one of the strip's recurring characters, a naughty squirrel, "bonking" Nemo with an acorn, and wishing him "sweet dreams".<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland_mural_downtown_Cincinnati,_OH_Oct_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Mural of a Little Nemo in Slumberland comic in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland_mural_downtown_Cincinnati%2C_OH_Oct_2016.jpg/220px-Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland_mural_downtown_Cincinnati%2C_OH_Oct_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland_mural_downtown_Cincinnati%2C_OH_Oct_2016.jpg/330px-Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland_mural_downtown_Cincinnati%2C_OH_Oct_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland_mural_downtown_Cincinnati%2C_OH_Oct_2016.jpg/440px-Little_Nemo_in_Slumberland_mural_downtown_Cincinnati%2C_OH_Oct_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Mural of a Little Nemo in Slumberland comic in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio</figcaption></figure> <p>Comics historian <a href="/wiki/R._C._Harvey" title="R. C. Harvey">R. C. Harvey</a> has called McCay "the first original genius of the comic strip medium". Harvey claims that McCay's contemporaries lacked the skill to continue with his innovations, so that they were left for future generations to rediscover and build upon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cartoonist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Crumb" title="Robert Crumb">Robert Crumb</a> called McCay a "genius" and one of his favorite cartoonists.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung2000_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung2000-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Art_Spiegelman" title="Art Spiegelman">Art Spiegelman</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Shadow_of_No_Towers" title="In the Shadow of No Towers">In the Shadow of No Towers</a></i> (2004) appropriated some of McCay's imagery, and included a page of <i>Little Nemo</i> in its appendix.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeer2006_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeer2006-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> read <i>Little Nemo</i> in the children's magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Corriere_dei_Piccoli" title="Corriere dei Piccoli">Il corriere dei piccoli</a></i>, and the strip was a "powerful influence" on the filmmaker, according to Fellini biographer Peter Bondanella.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBondanella200210_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBondanella200210-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McCay's original artwork has been poorly preserved.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeer2006_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeer2006-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McCay insisted on having his originals returned to him, and a large collection survived him, but much of it was destroyed in a fire in the late 1930s. His wife was unsure how to handle the surviving pieces, so his son took on the responsibility and moved the collection into his own house.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family sold off some of the artwork when they were in need of cash. Responsibility for it passed to Mendelsohn, then later to daughter Marion. By the early twenty-first century, most of McCay's surviving artwork remained in family hands.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253–254_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253–254-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons has <a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1905-10-15.jpg" title="File:Little Nemo 1905-10-15.jpg">a file</a> available for this strip (October 15, 1905).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons has <a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1905-11-19.jpg" title="File:Little Nemo 1905-11-19.jpg">a file</a> available for this strip (November 11, 1905).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons has <a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1905-11-26.jpg" title="File:Little Nemo 1905-11-26.jpg">a file</a> available for The full version of this strip (November 26, 1905).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Different accounts have given McCay's birth year as 1867, 1869, and 1871. His birth records are not extant.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200522_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200522-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Rarebit Fiend</i> was revived between 1911 and 1913 under other titles, such as <i>Midsummer Day Dreams</i> and <i>It Was Only a Dream</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMerkl2007478_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerkl2007478-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keith had partnered with Proctor in 1906.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lambiek.net/artists/m/mccay.htm">"Winsor McCay"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Winsor+McCay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lambiek.net%2Fartists%2Fm%2Fmccay.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holtz-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Holtz_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoltz2012" class="citation book cs1">Holtz, Allan (2012). <i>American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide</i>. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. p. 241. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780472117567" title="Special:BookSources/9780472117567"><bdi>9780472117567</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Newspaper+Comics%3A+An+Encyclopedic+Reference+Guide&rft.place=Ann+Arbor&rft.pages=241&rft.pub=The+University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780472117567&rft.aulast=Holtz&rft.aufirst=Allan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarvey1994">Harvey 1994</a>, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597,_113-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200597,_113_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 97, 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005113,_118-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005113,_118_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, pp. 113, 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005107_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005113-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005113_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005100-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005100_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005100–101-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005100–101_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, pp. 100–101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199422Canemaker2005107-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199422Canemaker2005107_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarvey1994">Harvey 1994</a>, p. 22; <a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBukatman201227-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBukatman201227_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBukatman2012">Bukatman 2012</a>, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGutjahrBenton2001166Heller2007-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGutjahrBenton2001166Heller2007_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGutjahrBenton2001">Gutjahr & Benton 2001</a>, p. 166; <a href="#CITEREFHeller2007">Heller 2007</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199428-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199428_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarvey1994">Harvey 1994</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGutjahrBenton2001166-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGutjahrBenton2001166_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGutjahrBenton2001">Gutjahr & Benton 2001</a>, p. 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinokur201258,_63-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinokur201258,_63_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWinokur2012">Winokur 2012</a>, pp. 58, 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200522-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200522_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEagan201032-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEagan201032_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEagan201032_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEagan2010">Eagan 2010</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200575-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200575_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerkl2007478-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMerkl2007478_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMerkl2007">Merkl 2007</a>, p. 478.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker200587-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker200587_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421Hubbard2012Sabin1993134Dover_editors1973viiCanwell200919-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey199421Hubbard2012Sabin1993134Dover_editors1973viiCanwell200919_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarvey1994">Harvey 1994</a>, p. 21; <a href="#CITEREFHubbard2012">Hubbard 2012</a>; <a href="#CITEREFSabin1993">Sabin 1993</a>, p. 134; <a href="#CITEREFDover_editors1973">Dover editors 1973</a>, p. vii; <a href="#CITEREFCanwell2009">Canwell 2009</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrafton199397-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrafton199397_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrafton1993">Crafton 1993</a>, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005164-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005164_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005164_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005168-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005168_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 168.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005228-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005228_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005229-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005229_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005229_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 229.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005226-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005226_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 226.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005235-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005235_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005235_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005237-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005237_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 237.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ww.lambiek.net-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ww.lambiek.net_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lambiek.net/artists/m/mccay_bob.htm">Bob McCay</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Lambiek_Comiclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambiek Comiclopedia">Lambiek Comiclopedia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaugh194720–21Canemaker2005253-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaugh194720–21Canemaker2005253_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaugh1947">Waugh 1947</a>, pp. 20–21; <a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJamieson2010126-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJamieson2010126_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJamieson2010">Jamieson 2010</a>, p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpencer2005-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpencer2005_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSpencer2005">Spencer 2005</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoxer2005-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoxer2005_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoxer2005">Boxer 2005</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoctorow2008-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoctorow2008_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDoctorow2008">Doctorow 2008</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005141-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005141_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005141_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 141.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005143-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005143_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005143_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005148-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005148_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005149-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005149_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005149_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005151-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005151_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005151_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, p. 151.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Some Dramatic Notes", <i>The [Duluth] Sunday News Tribune</i>, November 15, 1908, p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gerald Boardman, <i>American Musical Theatre, A Chronicle</i>, as cited by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJim_Davis2006" class="citation web cs1">Jim Davis (February 18, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080907023713/http://members.cox.net/jeepers/woof.html">"Cracker Jack Gobbler"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.cox.net/jeepers/woof.html">the original</a> on September 7, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.topfferiana.fr&rft.atitle=Le+Petit+Lucien+au+Pays+des+R%C3%AAves+-+T%C3%B6pfferiana&rft.date=2008-11-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.topfferiana.fr%2F2008%2F11%2Fle-petit-lucien-au-pays-des-reves%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.topfferiana.fr/2008/12/le-petit-lucien-deuxieme-episode/">"Le Petit Lucien, deuxième épisode - Töpfferiana"</a>. <i>www.topfferiana.fr</i>. December 21, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.topfferiana.fr&rft.atitle=Le+Petit+Lucien%2C+deuxi%C3%A8me+%C3%A9pisode+-+T%C3%B6pfferiana&rft.date=2008-12-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.topfferiana.fr%2F2008%2F12%2Fle-petit-lucien-deuxieme-episode%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nocturnes, le rêve dans la bande dessinée, CNBDI, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Little Nemo, un siècle de rêves, Impressions Nouvelles, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Bowler, Dave; Dray, Bryan (1992). 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href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBondanella200210_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBondanella2002">Bondanella 2002</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253–254-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanemaker2005253–254_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanemaker2005">Canemaker 2005</a>, pp. 253–254.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeck2005" class="citation book cs1">Beck, Jerry (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/animatedmoviegui0000beck"><i>The Animated Movie Guide</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Review_Press" title="Chicago Review Press">Chicago Review Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56976-222-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56976-222-6"><bdi>978-1-56976-222-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Animated+Movie+Guide&rft.pub=Chicago+Review+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-56976-222-6&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanimatedmoviegui0000beck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBondanella2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bondanella" title="Peter Bondanella">Bondanella, Peter</a> (2002). <i>The Films of Federico Fellini</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-57573-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-57573-7"><bdi>978-0-521-57573-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Films+of+Federico+Fellini&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-57573-7&rft.aulast=Bondanella&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoxer2005" class="citation news cs1">Boxer, Sarah (October 17, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/17/books/17nemo.html">"Restoring Slumberland"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 17,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Restoring+Slumberland&rft.date=2005-10-17&rft.aulast=Boxer&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F10%2F17%2Fbooks%2F17nemo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBukatman2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bukatman" title="Scott Bukatman">Bukatman, Scott</a> (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JUzsFWq97UUC"><i>The Poetics of Slumberland: Animated Spirits and the Animating Spirit</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-95150-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-95150-1"><bdi>978-0-520-95150-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Poetics+of+Slumberland%3A+Animated+Spirits+and+the+Animating+Spirit&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-520-95150-1&rft.aulast=Bukatman&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJUzsFWq97UUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanemaker2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Canemaker" title="John Canemaker">Canemaker, John</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vs82AQAAIAAJ"><i>Winsor McCay: His Life and Art</i></a> (Revised ed.). Abrams Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-5941-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-5941-5"><bdi>978-0-8109-5941-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Winsor+McCay%3A+His+Life+and+Art&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Abrams+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8109-5941-5&rft.aulast=Canemaker&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dvs82AQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanwell2009" class="citation book cs1">Canwell, Bruce (2009). <a href="/wiki/Dean_Mullaney" title="Dean Mullaney">Mullaney, Dean</a> (ed.). <i>Bringing Up Father: From Sea to Shining Sea the Cross-Country Tour of 1939–1940</i>. <a href="/wiki/IDW_Publishing" title="IDW Publishing">IDW Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60010-508-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60010-508-1"><bdi>978-1-60010-508-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bringing+Up+Father%3A+From+Sea+to+Shining+Sea+the+Cross-Country+Tour+of+1939%E2%80%931940&rft.pub=IDW+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-60010-508-1&rft.aulast=Canwell&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrafton1993" class="citation book cs1">Crafton, Donald (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yaeJFVTedysC"><i>Before Mickey: The Animated Film 1898–1928</i></a>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226116679" title="Special:BookSources/9780226116679"><bdi>9780226116679</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Before+Mickey%3A+The+Animated+Film+1898%E2%80%931928&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9780226116679&rft.aulast=Crafton&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyaeJFVTedysC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoctorow2008" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cory_Doctorow" title="Cory Doctorow">Doctorow, Cory</a> (December 4, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boingboing.net/2008/12/04/little-nemo-in-slumb.html">"Little Nemo in Slumberland, Many More Splendid Sundays – a new gigantic collection of Winsor McCay's lush and surreal comics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Boing_Boing" title="Boing Boing">Boing Boing</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 30,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boing+Boing&rft.atitle=Little+Nemo+in+Slumberland%2C+Many+More+Splendid+Sundays+%E2%80%93+a+new+gigantic+collection+of+Winsor+McCay%27s+lush+and+surreal+comics&rft.date=2008-12-04&rft.aulast=Doctorow&rft.aufirst=Cory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboingboing.net%2F2008%2F12%2F04%2Flittle-nemo-in-slumb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDover_editors1973" class="citation book cs1">Dover editors (1973). <i>Dreams of the Rarebit Fiend</i>. <a href="/wiki/Dover_Publications" title="Dover Publications">Dover Publications</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-486-21347-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-486-21347-7"><bdi>978-0-486-21347-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dreams+of+the+Rarebit+Fiend&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-486-21347-7&rft.au=Dover+editors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEagan2010" class="citation book cs1">Eagan, Daniel (2010). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americasfilmlega0000eaga"><i>America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide To The Landmark Movies In The National Film Registry</i></a></span>. Continuum International Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-2977-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-2977-3"><bdi>978-0-8264-2977-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=America%27s+Film+Legacy%3A+The+Authoritative+Guide+To+The+Landmark+Movies+In+The+National+Film+Registry&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8264-2977-3&rft.aulast=Eagan&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericasfilmlega0000eaga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant2006" class="citation book cs1">Grant, John (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m2tOrUQTBosC"><i>Animated Movies Facts, Figures & Fun</i></a>. AAPPL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904332-52-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904332-52-7"><bdi>978-1-904332-52-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Animated+Movies+Facts%2C+Figures+%26+Fun&rft.pub=AAPPL&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-904332-52-7&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm2tOrUQTBosC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGutjahrBenton2001" class="citation book cs1">Gutjahr, Paul C.; Benton, Megan L. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=c6CuK-vq5DcC"><i>Illuminating Letters: Typography and Literary Interpretation</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Press" title="University of Massachusetts Press">University of Massachusetts Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-288-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-288-2"><bdi>978-1-55849-288-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Illuminating+Letters%3A+Typography+and+Literary+Interpretation&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-288-2&rft.aulast=Gutjahr&rft.aufirst=Paul+C.&rft.au=Benton%2C+Megan+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dc6CuK-vq5DcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarvey1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/R._C._Harvey" title="R. C. Harvey">Harvey, Robert C.</a> (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/artoffunniesaest0000harv"><i>The Art of the Funnies: An Aesthetic History</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/University_Press_of_Mississippi" title="University Press of Mississippi">University Press of Mississippi</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87805-612-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87805-612-5"><bdi>978-0-87805-612-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+the+Funnies%3A+An+Aesthetic+History&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Mississippi&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-87805-612-5&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=Robert+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fartoffunniesaest0000harv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeller2007" class="citation web cs1">Heller, Steven (November 13, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150510225940/http://www.aiga.org/the-rarebit-fiend-dreams-on-an-interview-with-ulrich-merkl/">"The Rarebit Fiend Dreams On: An Interview with Ulrich Merkl"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AIGA" class="mw-redirect" title="AIGA">AIGA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aiga.org/the-rarebit-fiend-dreams-on-an-interview-with-ulrich-merkl/">the original</a> on May 10, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Rarebit+Fiend+Dreams+On%3A+An+Interview+with+Ulrich+Merkl&rft.pub=AIGA&rft.date=2007-11-13&rft.aulast=Heller&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aiga.org%2Fthe-rarebit-fiend-dreams-on-an-interview-with-ulrich-merkl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowey2013" class="citation web cs1">Howey, Christine (December 2, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://raveandpan.blogspot.com/2013/12/adventures-in-slumberland-talespinner_2.html">"Adventures in Slumberland, Talespinner Children's Theatre"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adventures+in+Slumberland%2C+Talespinner+Children%27s+Theatre&rft.date=2013-12-02&rft.aulast=Howey&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fraveandpan.blogspot.com%2F2013%2F12%2Fadventures-in-slumberland-talespinner_2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHubbard2012" class="citation news cs1">Hubbard, Amy (October 15, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-xpm-2012-oct-15-la-na-nn-little-nemo-google-doodle-20121015-story.html">"Celebrating Little Nemo by Winsor McCay; his 'demons' made him do it"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Celebrating+Little+Nemo+by+Winsor+McCay%3B+his+%27demons%27+made+him+do+it&rft.date=2012-10-15&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fnation%2Fla-xpm-2012-oct-15-la-na-nn-little-nemo-google-doodle-20121015-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamieson2010" class="citation book cs1">Jamieson, Dave (2010). <i>Mint Condition: How Baseball Cards Became an American Obsession</i>. <a href="/wiki/Grove/Atlantic,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Grove/Atlantic, Inc.">Atlantic Monthly Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8021-1939-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8021-1939-1"><bdi>978-0-8021-1939-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mint+Condition%3A+How+Baseball+Cards+Became+an+American+Obsession&rft.pub=Atlantic+Monthly+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8021-1939-1&rft.aulast=Jamieson&rft.aufirst=Dave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerkl2007" class="citation book cs1">Merkl, Ulrich (2007). <i>The Complete Dream of the Rarebit Fiend (1904–1913) by Winsor McCay 'Silas'<span></span></i> (.doc). Catalog of episodes & text of the book: Ulrich Merkl. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-00-020751-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-00-020751-8"><bdi>978-3-00-020751-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Dream+of+the+Rarebit+Fiend+%281904%E2%80%931913%29+by+Winsor+McCay+%27Silas%27&rft.place=Catalog+of+episodes+%26+text+of+the+book&rft.pub=Ulrich+Merkl&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-00-020751-8&rft.aulast=Merkl&rft.aufirst=Ulrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(on included DVD)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrow2012" class="citation news cs1">Morrow, Martin (August 8, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140704052021/http://www.thegridto.com/culture/theatre/adventures-in-slumberland/">"Adventures in Slumberland"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Grid_(newspaper)" title="The Grid (newspaper)">The Grid</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thegridto.com/culture/theatre/adventures-in-slumberland/">the original</a> on July 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Grid&rft.atitle=Adventures+in+Slumberland&rft.date=2012-08-08&rft.aulast=Morrow&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegridto.com%2Fculture%2Ftheatre%2Fadventures-in-slumberland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSabin1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Sabin" title="Roger Sabin">Sabin, Roger</a> (1993). <i>Adult Comics: An Introduction</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-04419-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-04419-6"><bdi>978-0-415-04419-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Adult+Comics%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-415-04419-6&rft.aulast=Sabin&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpencer2005" class="citation journal cs1">Spencer, David R. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/1P3-841835911">"The Cartoon Research Library at Ohio State University"</a>. <i>Journalism History</i>. <b>31</b> (1): 46–50. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00947679.2005.12062671">10.1080/00947679.2005.12062671</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142471191">142471191</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journalism+History&rft.atitle=The+Cartoon+Research+Library+at+Ohio+State+University&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=46-50&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00947679.2005.12062671&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A142471191%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.questia.com%2Fread%2F1P3-841835911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Taylor_(dream_worker)" title="Jeremy Taylor (dream worker)">Taylor, Jeremy</a> (2007). "Some archetypal symbolic aspects of <i>Dream of the Rarebit Fiend</i>". In Merkl, Ulrich (ed.). <i>The Complete Dream of the Rarebit Fiend (1904–1913) by Winsor McCay 'Silas'<span></span></i> (.doc). Catalog of episodes & text of the book: Ulrich Merkl. pp. 552–561. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-00-020751-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-00-020751-8"><bdi>978-3-00-020751-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Some+archetypal+symbolic+aspects+of+Dream+of+the+Rarebit+Fiend&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Dream+of+the+Rarebit+Fiend+%281904%E2%80%931913%29+by+Winsor+McCay+%27Silas%27&rft.place=Catalog+of+episodes+%26+text+of+the+book&rft.pages=552-561&rft.pub=Ulrich+Merkl&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-00-020751-8&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span> (on included DVD)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaugh1947" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Coulton_Waugh" title="Coulton Waugh">Waugh, Coulton</a> (1947). <i>The Comics</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_Press_of_Mississippi" title="University Press of Mississippi">University Press of Mississippi</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87805-499-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87805-499-2"><bdi>978-0-87805-499-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Comics&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Mississippi&rft.date=1947&rft.isbn=978-0-87805-499-2&rft.aulast=Waugh&rft.aufirst=Coulton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2012" class="citation news cs1">Williams, Gayle (November 12, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131002030719/http://arts.heraldtribune.com/2012-11-12/section/opera-review-little-nemo-in-slumberland-has-a-timeless-appeal/">"Opera Review: 'Little Nemo in Slumberland' has a timeless appeal"</a>. <i>Sarasota Herald-Tribune</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.heraldtribune.com/2012-11-12/section/opera-review-little-nemo-in-slumberland-has-a-timeless-appeal/">the original</a> on October 2, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sarasota+Herald-Tribune&rft.atitle=Opera+Review%3A+%27Little+Nemo+in+Slumberland%27+has+a+timeless+appeal&rft.date=2012-11-12&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Gayle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farts.heraldtribune.com%2F2012-11-12%2Fsection%2Fopera-review-little-nemo-in-slumberland-has-a-timeless-appeal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinokur2012" class="citation book cs1">Winokur, Mark (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UbS62_iyhjAC&pg=PA52">"Creole Cartoons"</a>. In Kessel, Martina; Merziger, Patrick (eds.). <i>The Politics of Humour: Laughter, Inclusion, and Exclusion in the Twentieth Century</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto_Press" title="University of Toronto Press">University of Toronto Press</a>. pp. 52–81. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-4292-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-4292-8"><bdi>978-1-4426-4292-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Creole+Cartoons&rft.btitle=The+Politics+of+Humour%3A+Laughter%2C+Inclusion%2C+and+Exclusion+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=52-81&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4426-4292-8&rft.aulast=Winokur&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUbS62_iyhjAC%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2000" class="citation web cs1">Young, James E. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/y/young-edge.html">"Art Spiegelman's Maus and the After-Images of History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Art+Spiegelman%27s+Maus+and+the+After-Images+of+History&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=James+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2Ffirst%2Fy%2Fyoung-edge.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Nemo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Little_Nemo" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Little Nemo">Little Nemo</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikipetan-manga.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Wikipetan-manga.png/32px-Wikipetan-manga.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Wikipetan-manga.png/48px-Wikipetan-manga.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Wikipetan-manga.png/64px-Wikipetan-manga.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="425" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Comics" title="Portal:Comics">Comics portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Tom_Sawyer_1876_frontispiece.jpg/20px-Tom_Sawyer_1876_frontispiece.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Tom_Sawyer_1876_frontispiece.jpg/30px-Tom_Sawyer_1876_frontispiece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Tom_Sawyer_1876_frontispiece.jpg/41px-Tom_Sawyer_1876_frontispiece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1115" data-file-height="1536" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Children%27s_literature" title="Portal:Children's literature">Children's literature portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Little Nemo</i> and other public-domain McCay strips for download at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comicstriplibrary.org">The Comic Strip Library</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905224638/http://www.comicstriplibrary.org/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2015.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeer2006" class="citation cs2">Heer, Jeet (Spring 2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vqronline.org/essay/little-nemo-comicsland">"Little Nemo in Comicsland: Winsor McCay's influence on comics"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Quarterly_Review" title="Virginia Quarterly Review">Virginia Quarterly Review</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906041819/http://www.vqronline.org/essay/little-nemo-comicsland">archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2015</cite><span 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.navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Winsor_McCay" title="Template:Winsor McCay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Winsor_McCay" title="Template talk:Winsor McCay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Winsor_McCay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Winsor McCay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winsor_McCay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Winsor_McCay" title="Winsor McCay">Winsor McCay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comic strips</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Sammy_Sneeze" title="Little Sammy Sneeze">Little Sammy Sneeze</a></i> (1904)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_the_Rarebit_Fiend" title="Dream of the Rarebit Fiend">Dream of the Rarebit Fiend</a></i> (1904)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Little Nemo</a></i> (1905)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_purple_blanket_modified.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Little_Nemo_purple_blanket_modified.png/75px-Little_Nemo_purple_blanket_modified.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Little_Nemo_purple_blanket_modified.png/113px-Little_Nemo_purple_blanket_modified.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Little_Nemo_purple_blanket_modified.png/150px-Little_Nemo_purple_blanket_modified.png 2x" data-file-width="439" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Nemo_(1911_film)" title="Little Nemo (1911 film)">Little Nemo</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_a_Mosquito_Operates" title="How a Mosquito Operates">How a Mosquito Operates</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gertie_the_Dinosaur" title="Gertie the Dinosaur">Gertie the Dinosaur</a></i> (1914)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sinking_of_the_Lusitania" title="The Sinking of the Lusitania">The Sinking of the Lusitania</a></i> (1918)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_a_Rarebit_Fiend_(film)" title="Dream of a Rarebit Fiend (film)">Dream of a Rarebit Fiend</a></i> (film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Nemo:_Adventures_in_Slumberland" title="Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland">Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland</a></i> (film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Slumberland_(film)" title="Slumberland (film)">Slumberland</a></i> (film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nemo_(arcade_game)" title="Nemo (arcade game)">Nemo</a></i> (arcade game)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Nemo:_The_Dream_Master" title="Little Nemo: The Dream Master">Little Nemo: The Dream Master</a></i> (video game)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_McCay" title="Bob McCay">Bob McCay</a> (son)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113531#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113531#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113531#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15082907w">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15082907w">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/09564234X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&oldid=1241443631">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Little_Nemo&oldid=1241443631</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Little_Nemo" title="Category:Little Nemo">Little Nemo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1905_comics_debuts" title="Category:1905 comics debuts">1905 comics debuts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1926_comics_endings" title="Category:1926 comics endings">1926 comics endings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_comics_adapted_into_films" title="Category:American comics adapted into films">American comics adapted into films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_comics_characters" title="Category:American comics characters">American comics characters</a></li><li><a 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adapted into plays">Comics adapted into plays</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comics_adapted_into_video_games" title="Category:Comics adapted into video games">Comics adapted into video games</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comics_characters_introduced_in_1905" title="Category:Comics characters introduced in 1905">Comics characters introduced in 1905</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comics_spin-offs" title="Category:Comics spin-offs">Comics spin-offs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comics_about_children" title="Category:Comics about children">Comics about children</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comics_about_dreams" title="Category:Comics about dreams">Comics about dreams</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fantasy_comics" title="Category:Fantasy comics">Fantasy comics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fictional_characters_who_break_the_fourth_wall" title="Category:Fictional characters who break the fourth wall">Fictional characters who break the fourth 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