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Dreamcast - Wikipedia
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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p>The <span style="margin-right:.09em"><b>Dreamcast</b></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the final <a href="/wiki/Home_video_game_console" title="Home video game console">home video game console</a> manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Sega" title="Sega">Sega</a>. It was released on November 27, 1998, in Japan; September 9, 1999, in North America; and October 14, 1999, in Europe. It was the first <a href="/wiki/Sixth_generation_video_game_console" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixth generation video game console">sixth-generation video game console</a>, preceding <a href="/wiki/Sony_Interactive_Entertainment" title="Sony Interactive Entertainment">Sony</a>'s <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_2" title="PlayStation 2">PlayStation 2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>'s <a href="/wiki/GameCube" title="GameCube">GameCube</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Xbox_(console)" title="Xbox (console)">Xbox</a>. The Dreamcast's 2001 discontinuation ended Sega's 18 years in the console market. </p><table class="infobox hproduct vevent"><caption class="infobox-title fn summary">Dreamcast</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dreamcast_logo_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Dreamcast_logo_Japan.svg/130px-Dreamcast_logo_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Dreamcast_logo_Japan.svg/195px-Dreamcast_logo_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Dreamcast_logo_Japan.svg/260px-Dreamcast_logo_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="756"></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Dreamcast-Console-Set.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Dreamcast-Console-Set.png/220px-Dreamcast-Console-Set.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Dreamcast-Console-Set.png/330px-Dreamcast-Console-Set.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Dreamcast-Console-Set.png/440px-Dreamcast-Console-Set.png 2x" data-file-width="4540" data-file-height="2200"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">North American Dreamcast with controller and <a href="/wiki/VMU" title="VMU">VMU</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sega" title="Sega">Sega</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Home_video_game_console" title="Home video game console">Home video game console</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Generation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sixth_generation_of_video_game_consoles" title="Sixth generation of video game consoles">Sixth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release date</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span style="font-size:97%;"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">JP</a>:</span> November 27, 1998</li><li><span style="font-size:97%;"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">NA</a>:</span> September 9, 1999</li><li><span style="font-size:97%;"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">EU</a>:</span> October 14, 1999</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lifespan</th><td class="infobox-data">1998–2001</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introductory price</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space: nowrap">¥29,000</span> (equivalent to ¥29,400 in 2019)<br><span style="white-space: nowrap">US$199</span> (equivalent to $360 in 2023)<br><span style="white-space: nowrap">£200</span> (equivalent to £440 in 2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discontinued</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span style="font-size:97%;"><abbr title="Worldwide">WW</abbr>:</span> March 31, 2001</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Units sold</th><td class="infobox-data">>10 million<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media</th><td class="infobox-data">1 GB <a href="/wiki/GD-ROM" title="GD-ROM">GD-ROM</a>, <a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mini-CD" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini-CD">Mini-CD</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Proprietary</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SuperH#SH-4" title="SuperH">Hitachi SH-4</a> @ 200 <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">MHz</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Memory</th><td class="infobox-data">16 <a href="/wiki/Megabyte" title="Megabyte">MB</a> RAM, 8 MB <a href="/wiki/Video_RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="Video RAM">video RAM</a>, 2 MB audio RAM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Removable_media" title="Removable media">Removable storage</a></th><td class="infobox-data">128 <a href="/wiki/Kilobyte" title="Kilobyte">KB</a> <a href="/wiki/VMU" title="VMU">VMU</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Display</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Video output formats</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/RF_modulator" title="RF modulator">RF modulator</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Composite_video" title="Composite video">Composite video</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/S-video" class="mw-redirect" title="S-video">S-video</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> RGB <a href="/wiki/SCART" title="SCART">SCART</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/VGA" class="mw-redirect" title="VGA">VGA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(via <a href="/wiki/Dreamcast_VGA" title="Dreamcast VGA">Dreamcast VGA</a>)</span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Graphics</th><td class="infobox-data">100 MHz <a href="/wiki/PowerVR#Series2_(NEC)" title="PowerVR">PowerVR2</a>, integrated with the system's <a href="/wiki/Application-specific_integrated_circuit" title="Application-specific integrated circuit">ASIC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sound</th><td class="infobox-data">67 MHz Yamaha AICA with 32-bit <a href="/wiki/ARM7" title="ARM7">ARM7</a> RISC CPU core, 64 channels</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Online services</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dricas" class="mw-redirect" title="Dricas">Dricas</a>, <a href="/wiki/SegaNet" class="mw-redirect" title="SegaNet">SegaNet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dreamarena" class="mw-redirect" title="Dreamarena">Dreamarena</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">195.8 mm × 190 mm × 75.5 mm (7.71 in × 7.48 in × 2.97 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">1.5 kg (3.3 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_video_games" title="List of best-selling video games">Best-selling game</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure" title="Sonic Adventure">Sonic Adventure</a></i>, 2.5 million sold</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sega_Saturn" title="Sega Saturn">Sega Saturn</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A team led by <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Sato" class="mw-redirect" title="Hideki Sato">Hideki Sato</a> began developing the Dreamcast in 1997. In contrast to the expensive hardware of the unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/Sega_Saturn" title="Sega Saturn">Saturn</a>, the Dreamcast was designed to reduce costs with <a href="/wiki/Commercial_off-the-shelf" title="Commercial off-the-shelf">off-the-shelf</a> components, including a <a href="/wiki/Hitachi" title="Hitachi">Hitachi</a> <a href="/wiki/SuperH" title="SuperH">SH-4</a> <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a> and an <a href="/wiki/NEC" title="NEC">NEC</a> <a href="/wiki/PowerVR#Series2_(NEC)" title="PowerVR">PowerVR2</a> <a href="/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">GPU</a>. Sega used the <a href="/wiki/GD-ROM" title="GD-ROM">GD-ROM</a> media format to avoid the expenses of <a href="/wiki/DVD-ROM" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD-ROM">DVD-ROM</a> technology. Developers were able to include a custom version of the <a href="/wiki/Windows_CE" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows CE">Windows CE</a> operating system on game discs to make <a href="/wiki/Porting" title="Porting">porting</a> PC games easy, and Sega's <a href="/wiki/Sega_NAOMI" class="mw-redirect" title="Sega NAOMI">NAOMI arcade system board</a> allowed nearly identical conversions of <a href="/wiki/Arcade_game" title="Arcade game">arcade games</a>. The Dreamcast was the first console to include a built-in modular <a href="/wiki/Modem" title="Modem">modem</a> for internet access and <a href="/wiki/Dreamcast_online_functionality" title="Dreamcast online functionality">online play</a>. </p><p>Though its Japanese release was beset by supply problems, the Dreamcast had a successful US launch backed by a large marketing campaign. However, sales steadily declined as Sony built anticipation for the PlayStation 2. Dreamcast sales did not meet Sega's expectations, and attempts to renew interest through price cuts caused significant financial losses. After a change in leadership, Sega discontinued the Dreamcast on March 31, 2001, withdrew from the console business, and restructured itself as a <a href="/wiki/Third-party_developer" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-party developer">third-party developer</a>. More than 10 million Dreamcast units were sold worldwide<sup id="cite_ref-:5_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Dreamcast_games" title="List of Dreamcast games">over 600 games</a> were produced. Its bestselling game, <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure" title="Sonic Adventure">Sonic Adventure</a></i> (1998)—the first <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D</a> game in Sega's <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_the_Hedgehog" title="Sonic the Hedgehog">Sonic the Hedgehog</a></i> series—sold 2.5 million copies. </p><p>The Dreamcast's <a href="/wiki/List_of_commercial_failures_in_video_games" title="List of commercial failures in video games">commercial failure</a> has been attributed to several factors, including competition from the PlayStation 2, limited third-party support, and the earlier failures of the <a href="/wiki/32X" title="32X">32X</a> and Saturn having tarnished Sega's reputation. In retrospect, reviewers have celebrated the Dreamcast as one of the greatest consoles. It is considered ahead of its time for pioneering concepts such as online play and <a href="/wiki/Downloadable_content" title="Downloadable content">downloadable content</a>. Many Dreamcast games are regarded as innovative, including <i>Sonic Adventure</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Crazy_Taxi_(video_game)" title="Crazy Taxi (video game)">Crazy Taxi</a></i> (1999), <i><a href="/wiki/Shenmue_(video_game)" title="Shenmue (video game)">Shenmue</a></i> (1999), <i><a href="/wiki/Jet_Set_Radio" title="Jet Set Radio">Jet Set Radio</a></i> (2000), and <i><a href="/wiki/Phantasy_Star_Online" title="Phantasy Star Online">Phantasy Star Online</a></i> (2000). The Dreamcast remains popular in the video game <a href="/wiki/Homebrew_(video_games)" title="Homebrew (video games)">homebrew</a> community, which has developed <a href="/wiki/Server_emulator" class="mw-redirect" title="Server emulator">private servers</a> to preserve its online functions and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Dreamcast_homebrew_games" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Dreamcast homebrew games">unofficial Dreamcast software</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Background"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Background</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Development"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Development</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Launch"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Launch</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Japan"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Japan</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#North_America"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.2</span> <span class="toctext">North America</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#Europe"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Europe</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#Australia_and_New_Zealand"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Australia and New Zealand</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Competition"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Competition</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Decline"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Decline</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Aftermath_and_reaction"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">Aftermath and reaction</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Technical_specifications"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Technical specifications</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Hardware"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Hardware</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Models"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Models</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Controllers_and_accessories"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Controllers and accessories</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Storage"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Storage</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Software"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Software</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Game_library"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Game library</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="#First-party_games"><span class="tocnumber">3.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">First-party games</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="#Ports_and_third-party_games"><span class="tocnumber">3.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Ports and third-party games</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#Network_services"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Network services</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Reception_and_legacy"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Reception and legacy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In 1988, Sega released the <a href="/wiki/Sega_Genesis" title="Sega Genesis">Genesis</a> (known as the Mega Drive in most countries outside North America), in the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_generation_of_video_game_consoles" title="Fourth generation of video game consoles">fourth generation of video game consoles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Retroinspection_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Retroinspection-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became the most successful Sega console ever, at 30.75 million units sold.<sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its successor, the <a href="/wiki/Sega_Saturn" title="Sega Saturn">Saturn</a>, was released in Japan in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-Saturn_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saturn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Saturn is <a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a>-based and has <a href="/wiki/2D_computer_graphics" title="2D computer graphics">2D</a> and <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D</a> graphics, but its complex dual-<a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a> architecture was more difficult to program than its chief competitor, the <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_(console)" title="PlayStation (console)">PlayStation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the Saturn debuted before the PlayStation in Japan and the United States,<sup id="cite_ref-Finn_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finn-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001502,_516_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001502,_516-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its surprise US launch, four months earlier than scheduled,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001516–517_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001516%E2%80%93517-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeMariaWilson2004282_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeMariaWilson2004282-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was marred by a lack of distribution, which remained a problem.<sup id="cite_ref-Schilling_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schilling-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Losses on the Saturn<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001532_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001532-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contributed to financial problems for Sega, whose revenue had declined between 1992 and 1995 as part of an industry-wide slowdown.<sup id="cite_ref-Finn_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finn-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Innovation_and_competition_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Innovation_and_competition-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001500,_508,_531_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001500,_508,_531-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Sega announced that <a href="/wiki/Shoichiro_Irimajiri" title="Shoichiro Irimajiri">Shoichiro Irimajiri</a> would replace <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kalinske" title="Tom Kalinske">Tom Kalinske</a> as chairman and CEO of Sega of America,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001535_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001535-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-M2_Press_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M2_Press-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kalinske_out_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kalinske_out-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Stolar" title="Bernie Stolar">Bernie Stolar</a>, a former executive at <a href="/wiki/Sony_Computer_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Computer Entertainment">Sony Computer Entertainment</a> of America,<sup id="cite_ref-Newsflash_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newsflash-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001558_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001558-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> became Sega of America's executive vice president in charge of product development and third-party relations.<sup id="cite_ref-M2_Press_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M2_Press-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kalinske_out_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kalinske_out-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the 1996 launch of the <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_64" title="Nintendo 64">Nintendo 64</a>, sales of the Saturn and its software fell sharply. As of August 1997, Sony controlled 47 percent of the console market, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a> controlled 40 percent, and Sega controlled only 12 percent; neither price cuts nor high-profile games helped the Saturn.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001558_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001558-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style></p><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>I thought the Saturn was a mistake as far as hardware was concerned. The games were obviously terrific, but the hardware just wasn't there. </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Bernie Stolar, former president of Sega of America, in 2009<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>As a result of Sega's deteriorating financial situation, <a href="/wiki/Hayao_Nakayama" title="Hayao Nakayama">Hayao Nakayama</a> resigned as president of Sega in January 1998 in favor of Irimajiri,<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Stolar acceded to become CEO and president of Sega of America.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001558_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001558-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following five years of generally declining profits,<sup id="cite_ref-1998_report_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1998_report-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the fiscal year ending March 31, 1998, Sega suffered its first parent and consolidated financial losses since its 1988 listing on the <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Stock_Exchange" title="Tokyo Stock Exchange">Tokyo Stock Exchange</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reporting a consolidated net loss of <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_yen" title="Japanese yen">¥</a>35.6 billion</span> (<span style="white-space: nowrap">US$269.8 million</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-1998_report_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1998_report-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly before announcing its financial losses, Sega announced the discontinuation of the Saturn in North America to prepare for the launch of its successor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001558_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001558-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This effectively left the Western market without Sega games for more than a year.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rumors about the upcoming Dreamcast—spread mainly by Sega—leaked to the public before the last Saturn games were released.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001559_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001559-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Development" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>As early as 1995, reports surfaced that Sega would collaborate with <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_3DO_Company" title="The 3DO Company">The 3DO Company</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Matsushita</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Semiconductor" title="Alliance Semiconductor">Alliance Semiconductor</a> to create a new <a href="/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">graphics processing unit</a>, which conflicting accounts said would be used for a 64-bit "Saturn 2" or an add-on peripheral.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Peep_Show_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peep_Show-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dreamcast development was unrelated.<sup id="cite_ref-Peep_Show_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peep_Show-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Considering the Saturn's poor performance, Irimajiri looked beyond Sega's internal hardware development division to create a new console.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997, he enlisted <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>'s Tatsuo Yamamoto to lead an eleven-person team to work on a secret project in the United States with the codename Blackbelt. Accounts vary on how an internal team led by <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Sato" class="mw-redirect" title="Hideki Sato">Hideki Sato</a> also began development on Dreamcast hardware; one account specifies that Sega tasked both teams,<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and another suggests that Sato was bothered by Irimajiri's choice to begin development externally and had his team start work.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EdgeHistory_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdgeHistory-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sato and his group chose the <a href="/wiki/Hitachi" title="Hitachi">Hitachi</a> <a href="/wiki/SuperH" title="SuperH">SH-4</a> processor architecture and the <a href="/wiki/Imagination_Technologies" title="Imagination Technologies">VideoLogic</a> <a href="/wiki/PowerVR#Series2_(NEC)" title="PowerVR">PowerVR2</a> graphics processor, manufactured by <a href="/wiki/NEC" title="NEC">NEC</a>, in the production of the <a href="/wiki/Mainboard" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainboard">mainboard</a>. Initially known as Whitebelt,<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the project was later codenamed Dural, after the <a href="/wiki/Dural_(Virtua_Fighter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dural (Virtua Fighter)">metallic female fighter</a> from Sega's <i><a href="/wiki/Virtua_Fighter" title="Virtua Fighter">Virtua Fighter</a></i> series.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001559_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001559-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yamamoto's group opted to use <a href="/wiki/3dfx" title="3dfx">3dfx</a> <a href="/wiki/Voodoo_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Voodoo 2">Voodoo 2</a> and <a href="/wiki/Voodoo_Banshee" class="mw-redirect" title="Voodoo Banshee">Voodoo Banshee</a> graphics processors alongside a <a href="/wiki/PowerPC_600" title="PowerPC 600">Motorola PowerPC 603e</a> <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">central processing unit</a> (CPU),<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but Sega management later asked them to also use the SH-4 chip.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both processors have been described as "<a href="/wiki/Commercial_off-the-shelf" title="Commercial off-the-shelf">off-the-shelf</a>" components.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Charles Bellfield, the former Sega of America vice president of communications and former NEC brand manager, presentations of games using the NEC solution showcased the performance and low cost delivered by the SH-4 and PowerVR architecture. He said that Sega's relationship with NEC, a Japanese company, likely also influenced the decision to use its hardware rather than the architecture developed in America.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stolar felt the US 3dfx version should have been used, but that "Japan wanted the Japanese version, and Japan won".<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, 3dfx filed a lawsuit against Sega and NEC claiming breach of contract, which was settled out of court.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The choice to use the PowerVR architecture concerned <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Arts" title="Electronic Arts">Electronic Arts</a> (EA), a longtime developer for Sega consoles. EA had invested in 3dfx but was unfamiliar with the selected architecture, which was reportedly less powerful.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Shiro Hagiwara (a general manager at Sega's hardware division) and Ian Oliver (the managing director of the Sega subsidiary Cross Products), the SH-4 was chosen while still in development, following lengthy deliberation, as the only processor that "could adapt to deliver the 3D geometry calculation performance necessary".<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By February 1998, Sega had renamed the project Katana, after the <a href="/wiki/Katana" title="Katana">Japanese sword</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001559_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001559-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although certain hardware specifications such as <a href="/wiki/Random_access_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Random access memory">random access memory</a> (RAM) were not finalized.<sup id="cite_ref-NG38_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG38-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Knowing the Saturn had been set back by its high production costs and complex hardware, Sega took a different approach with the Dreamcast. Like previous Sega consoles, the Dreamcast was designed around intelligent <a href="/wiki/System" title="System">subsystems</a> working in parallel,<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the selections of hardware were closer to personal computers than video game consoles, reducing cost.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also enabled software development to begin before any development kits had been completed, as Sega informed developers that any game developed with a <a href="/wiki/Pentium_II" title="Pentium II">Pentium II</a> 200 in mind would run on the console.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Damien McFerran, "the motherboard was a masterpiece of clean, uncluttered design and compatibility".<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Chinese economist and future Sega.com CEO Brad Huang convinced the Sega chairman, <a href="/wiki/Isao_Okawa" title="Isao Okawa">Isao Okawa</a>, to include a <a href="/wiki/Modem" title="Modem">modem</a> with every Dreamcast under opposition from Okawa's staff over the additional <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$15</span> cost per unit.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001577_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001577-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Superhero_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Superhero-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To account for rapid changes in home data delivery, Sega designed the modem to be <a href="/wiki/Modularity" title="Modularity">modular</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sega selected the <a href="/wiki/GD-ROM" title="GD-ROM">GD-ROM</a> media format.<sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jointly developed by Sega and <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Corporation" title="Yamaha Corporation">Yamaha</a>, the GD-ROM could be mass-produced at a similar price to a normal CD-ROM,<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> avoiding the greater expense of newer <a href="/wiki/DVD-ROM" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD-ROM">DVD-ROM</a> technology.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hackers_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hackers-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IGNGreat_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGNGreat-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> developed a custom Dreamcast version of <a href="/wiki/Windows_CE" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows CE">Windows CE</a> with <a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a> <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">API</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dynamic-link_library" title="Dynamic-link library">dynamic-link libraries</a>, making it easy to <a href="/wiki/Porting" title="Porting">port</a> PC games to the platform,<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although programmers would ultimately favor Sega's development tools over those from Microsoft.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A member of the Project Katana team speaking anonymously predicted this would be the case, speculating developers would prefer the greater performance possibilities offered by the Sega OS to the more user-friendly interface of the Microsoft OS.<sup id="cite_ref-NG38_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG38-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late 1997, there were reports about the rumored system, then codenamed Dural, and that it had been demonstrated to a number of game developers.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dreamcast was finally revealed on May 21, 1998 in Tokyo.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega held a public competition to name its new system and considered over 5,000 different entries before choosing "Dreamcast"—a portmanteau of "dream" and "broadcast".<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Katsutoshi Eguchi, Japanese game developer <a href="/wiki/Kenji_Eno" title="Kenji Eno">Kenji Eno</a> submitted the name and created the Dreamcast's spiral logo, but this has not been officially confirmed by Sega.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former Sega executive Kunihisa Ueno confirmed in his biography that a <a href="/wiki/Branding_agency" title="Branding agency">branding agency</a> called Interbrand created the logo for the console, with Kenji Eno volunteering to name the console. Eno was paid for his involvement and signed a <a href="/wiki/Non-disclosure_agreement" title="Non-disclosure agreement">NDA</a> to prevent his involvement from going public.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dreamcast's startup sound was composed by the Japanese musician <a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because the Saturn had tarnished its reputation, Sega planned to remove its name from the console and establish a new gaming brand similar to Sony's <a href="/wiki/PlayStation" title="PlayStation">PlayStation</a>, but Irimajiri's management team decided to retain it.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega spent <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7007500000000000000♠"></span><span style="white-space: nowrap">US$</span>50–80 million</span> on hardware development, <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008150000000000000♠"></span>$150–200 million</span> on software development, and <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$300 million</span> on worldwide promotion—a sum which Irimajiri, a former <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a> executive, humorously likened to the investments required to design new automobiles.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Launch">Launch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Launch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Japan">Japan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Japan" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Despite a 75 percent drop in half-year profits just before the Japanese launch, Sega was confident about the Dreamcast. It drew significant interest and many pre-orders.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Sega could not achieve its shipping goals for the Japanese Dreamcast launch due to a shortage of <a href="/wiki/PowerVR" title="PowerVR">PowerVR</a> chipsets caused by a high failure rate in the manufacturing process.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-G4_GM_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G4_GM-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As more than half of its limited stock had been pre-ordered, Sega stopped pre-orders in Japan. On November 27, 1998, the Dreamcast launched in Japan at a price of <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_yen" title="Japanese yen">¥</a>29,000</span>, and the stock sold out by the end of the day. However, of the four games available at launch, only one—a port of <i><a href="/wiki/Virtua_Fighter_3" title="Virtua Fighter 3">Virtua Fighter 3</a></i>, the most successful arcade game Sega ever released in Japan—sold well.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001563_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001563-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega estimated that an additional <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005200000000000000♠"></span>200,000–300,000</span> Dreamcast units could have been sold with sufficient supply.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001563_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001563-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sega had announced that <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure" title="Sonic Adventure">Sonic Adventure</a></i>, the next game starring its mascot, <a href="/wiki/Sonic_the_Hedgehog_(character)" title="Sonic the Hedgehog (character)">Sonic the Hedgehog</a>, would launch with the Dreamcast and promoted it with a large-scale public demonstration at the <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_International_Forum" title="Tokyo International Forum">Tokyo Kokusai Forum Hall</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it and <i><a href="/wiki/Sega_Rally_Championship_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Sega Rally Championship 2">Sega Rally Championship 2</a></i> were delayed.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They arrived within the following weeks, but sales continued to be slower than expected.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001563-564_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001563-564-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Irimajiri hoped to sell over one million Dreamcast units in Japan by February 1999, but sold fewer than 900,000, undermining Sega's attempts to build an <a href="/wiki/Installed_base" title="Installed base">installed base</a> sufficient to protect the Dreamcast after the arrival of competition from other manufacturers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001564_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001564-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were reports of disappointed Japanese consumers returning their Dreamcasts and using the refund to purchase additional PlayStation software.<sup id="cite_ref-Toy_Story_and_Japanese_launch_blues_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toy_Story_and_Japanese_launch_blues-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Seaman_(video_game)" title="Seaman (video game)">Seaman</a></i>, released in July 1999, became the Dreamcast's first major hit in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001577_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001577-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to the Western launch, Sega reduced the price of the Dreamcast to <span style="white-space: nowrap">¥19,900</span>, effectively making it unprofitable but increasing sales. The reduction and the release of <a href="/wiki/Namco" title="Namco">Namco</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Soulcalibur_(video_game)" title="Soulcalibur (video game)">Soulcalibur</a></i> helped Sega gain 17 percent on its shares.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_America">North America</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: North America" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Before the Dreamcast's release, Sega was dealt a blow when <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Arts" title="Electronic Arts">Electronic Arts</a>, the largest third-party video game publisher at the time, announced it would not develop games for it. EA's chief creative officer <a href="/wiki/Bing_Gordon" title="Bing Gordon">Bing Gordon</a> said that Sega had "flip-flopped" on the hardware configuration, that EA developers did not want to work on it, and that Sega "was not acting like a competent hardware company". Gordon also said that Sega could not afford to give them the "kind of license that EA has had over the last five years".<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Stolar, president of EA at the time, Larry Probst, wanted exclusive rights as the only sports brand on Dreamcast, which Stolar could not accept due to Sega's recent <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$10 million</span> purchase of the <a href="/wiki/Sports_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports game">sports game</a> developer <a href="/wiki/Visual_Concepts" title="Visual Concepts">Visual Concepts</a>. While EA's <i><a href="/wiki/Madden_NFL" title="Madden NFL">Madden NFL</a></i> series had established brand power, Stolar regarded Visual Concepts' <i><a href="/wiki/NFL_2K" title="NFL 2K">NFL 2K</a></i> as superior and would provide "a breakthrough experience" to launch the Dreamcast.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the Dreamcast would have none of EA's popular sports games, "Sega Sports" games developed mainly by Visual Concepts<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001581_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001581-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> helped to fill that void.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>Let's take the conservative estimate of 250,000 Dreamcast units at presage—that's a quarter of a million units at <span style="white-space: nowrap">$200</span>. We'll have a ratio of 1.5 or two games for every Dreamcast unit sold. That's half a million units of software. We think we'll be .5 to one on <a href="/wiki/VMU" title="VMU">VMUs</a> and peripheral items such as extra controllers and what have you. This could be a <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7007600000000000000♠"></span>$60 to 80 million</span> 24-hour period. What has ever sold <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7007600000000000000♠"></span>$60 to 80 million</span> in the first 24 hours? </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Peter Moore, speaking to <i>Electronic Gaming Monthly</i> about the upcoming launch of the Dreamcast.<sup id="cite_ref-EGM122_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM122-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>Working closely with <a href="/wiki/Midway_Games" title="Midway Games">Midway Games</a> (which developed four North American launch games for the system) and taking advantage of the ten months following the Dreamcast's release in Japan, Sega of America worked to ensure a more successful US launch with a minimum of 15 launch games.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001564–565_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001564%E2%80%93565-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With lingering bitterness over the Saturn's early release, Stolar repaired relations with major US retailers, with whom Sega presold 300,000 Dreamcast units.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, a pre-launch promotion enabled consumers to rent Dreamcasts from <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Video" title="Hollywood Video">Hollywood Video</a> starting on July 14.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega of America's senior vice president of marketing <a href="/wiki/Peter_Moore_(business)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Moore (business)">Peter Moore</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001565_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001565-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a fan of the attitude previously associated with Sega's brand, worked with <a href="/wiki/FCB_(advertising_agency)" title="FCB (advertising agency)">Foote, Cone & Belding</a> and Access Communications to develop the "It's Thinking" campaign of 15-second television commercials, which emphasized the Dreamcast's hardware power.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Moore: "We needed to create something that would really intrigue consumers, somewhat apologize for the past, but invoke [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>] all the things we loved about Sega, primarily from the Genesis days."<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 11, Sega of America confirmed that Stolar had been fired, leaving Moore to direct the launch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001564–565_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001564%E2%80%93565-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dreamcast launched in North America on September 9, 1999, at a price of <span style="white-space: nowrap">$199</span>, which Sega's marketing dubbed "9/9/99 for <span style="white-space: nowrap">$199</span>".<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001564_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001564-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eighteen launch games were available in the US<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega set a new sales record by selling more than 225,132 Dreamcast units in 24 hours, earning <span style="white-space: nowrap">$98.4 million</span> in what Moore called "the biggest 24 hours in entertainment retail history".<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within two weeks, US Dreamcast sales exceeded 500,000.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By Christmas, Sega held 31 percent of the North American video game market share.<sup id="cite_ref-businessweek.com_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-businessweek.com-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Significant launch games included <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure" title="Sonic Adventure">Sonic Adventure</a></i>, the arcade <a href="/wiki/Fighting_game" title="Fighting game">fighting game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Soulcalibur_(video_game)" title="Soulcalibur (video game)">Soulcalibur</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Visual_Concepts" title="Visual Concepts">Visual Concepts</a>' football simulation <i><a href="/wiki/NFL_2K_(video_game)" title="NFL 2K (video game)">NFL 2K</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001565_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001565-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 4, Sega announced it had sold over one million Dreamcast units.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The launch was marred by a glitch at one of Sega's manufacturing plants, which produced defective GD-ROMs.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Europe">Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Europe" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Sega released the Dreamcast in Europe on October 14, 1999,<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at a price of £200.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By November 24, 400,000 consoles had been sold in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_70-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By Christmas of 1999, Sega of Europe had sold 500,000 units, six months ahead of schedule.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The price was dropped to £149.99 from September 8, 2000, with sales at around 800,000 in Europe at this point.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Announcing the drop, Jean-François Cecillon, CEO of Sega Europe, commented: "There are 'X' amount of core gamers in Europe; the early adopters. We have reached 80 or 90 per cent of them now and the market is screaming for a price reduction. We have to acknowledge these things and go with the market".<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sales did not continue at this pace, and by October 2000, Sega had sold only about one million units in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamarena_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamarena-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of Sega's promotions of the Dreamcast in Europe, it sponsored four European <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> clubs: <a href="/wiki/Arsenal_F.C." title="Arsenal F.C.">Arsenal</a> (England),<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/AS_Saint-%C3%89tienne" title="AS Saint-Étienne">Saint-Étienne</a> (France),<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/U.C._Sampdoria" class="mw-redirect" title="U.C. Sampdoria">Sampdoria</a> (Italy),<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Deportivo_de_La_Coru%C3%B1a" title="Deportivo de La Coruña">Deportivo de La Coruña</a> (Spain).<sup id="cite_ref-:3_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Australia_and_New_Zealand">Australia and New Zealand</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Australia and New Zealand" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Through the regional distributor <a href="/wiki/Ozisoft" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozisoft">Ozisoft</a>, the Dreamcast went on sale in Australia and New Zealand on November 30, 1999, at a price of <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">A$</a>499</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Telstra-SMH_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telstra-SMH-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The launch was planned for September, but was delayed due to problems with Internet compatibility and launch game availability, then delayed again from the revised date of October 25 for various reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were severe problems at launch; besides a severe shortage of the consoles, only six of the thirty planned launch games were available for purchase on day one with no <a href="/wiki/First-party_software" class="mw-redirect" title="First-party software">first-party software</a> included, and additional peripherals were not available in stores.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ozisoft representative Steve O'Leary, in a statement released the day of launch, explained that the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Customs_Service" title="Australian Customs Service">Australian Customs Service</a> had impounded virtually all the supplied launch software, including demo discs, due to insufficient labeling of their <a href="/wiki/Country_of_origin" title="Country of origin">country of origin</a>; Ozisoft had received them only two days before launch, resulting in few games that were catalogued and prepared for shipment in time. O'Leary also said that the Dreamcast's high demand in other markets had reduced the number of peripherals allotted to the region.<sup id="cite_ref-Ozisoft_launch_explanation_-_IGN_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozisoft_launch_explanation_-_IGN-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further complicating matters was the lack of an internet disc due to localization problems, and delays in securing an ISP contract, which was done through <a href="/wiki/Telstra" title="Telstra">Telstra</a> the day before launch. The online component was not ready until March 2000, at which point Ozisoft sent the necessary software to users who had sent in a filled-out <a href="/wiki/Reply_paid" class="mw-redirect" title="Reply paid">reply paid</a> card included with the console.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Australia_launch_-_Edge_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Australia_launch_-_Edge-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The poor launch, combined with a lack of advertising and a high price point, produced lackluster sales in Australia; two large retail chains reported a combined total of 13 console sales over the first few days after launch.<sup id="cite_ref-Australia_launch_-_Edge_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Australia_launch_-_Edge-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Competition">Competition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Competition" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg/220px-PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2720" data-file-height="3300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 267px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg/220px-PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="267" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg/330px-PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg/440px-PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_2" title="PlayStation 2">PS2</a> provided tough competition for the Dreamcast.</figcaption></figure> <p>Though the Dreamcast launch was successful, Sony held 60 percent of the overall video game market share in North America with the PlayStation at the end of 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_70-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 2, 1999, Sony revealed the first details of the <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_2" title="PlayStation 2">PlayStation 2</a> (PS2), which <a href="/wiki/Ken_Kutaragi" title="Ken Kutaragi">Ken Kutaragi</a> said would allow video games to convey unprecedented emotions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001560–561_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001560%E2%80%93561-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sony estimated the PS2 could render 7.5 million<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 16 million polygons per second, whereas independent estimates ranged from 3 million to 20 million,<sup id="cite_ref-Gamecube_or_PS2?_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gamecube_or_PS2?-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001560_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001560-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> compared to Sega's estimates of more than 3 million to 6 million for the Dreamcast.<sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PS2 would also use the <a href="/wiki/DVD-ROM" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD-ROM">DVD-ROM</a> format, which could hold substantially more data than the Dreamcast's GD-ROM,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001561_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001561-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and would be backwards-compatible with hundreds of popular PlayStation games.<sup id="cite_ref-Finn_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finn-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001561_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001561-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sony's specifications appeared to render the Dreamcast obsolete months before its US launch, although reports later emerged that the PS2 was not as powerful as expected and difficult to develop on.<sup id="cite_ref-Innovation_and_competition_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Innovation_and_competition-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gamecube_or_PS2?_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gamecube_or_PS2?-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001561,_568–569_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001561,_568%E2%80%93569-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year, Nintendo announced that its next console, the <a href="/wiki/GameCube" title="GameCube">GameCube</a>, would meet or exceed anything on the market, and Microsoft began development of its own console, the <a href="/wiki/Xbox_(console)" title="Xbox (console)">Xbox</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001563,_574_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001563,_574-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeMariaWilson2004313_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeMariaWilson2004313-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>US Dreamcast sales—which exceeded 1.5 million by the end of 1999<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—began to decline as early as January 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001566_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001566-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poor Japanese sales contributed to Sega's ¥42.88 billion ($404 million) consolidated net loss in the fiscal year ending March 2000, which followed a loss of ¥42.881 billion the previous year and marked Sega's third consecutive annual loss.<sup id="cite_ref-2000_report_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2000_report-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Sega's overall sales for the term increased 27.4%, and Dreamcast sales in North America and Europe greatly exceeded expectations, this coincided with a decrease in profitability due to the investments required to launch the Dreamcast in Western markets and poor software sales in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-2000_report_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2000_report-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, increasingly poor market conditions reduced the profitability of Sega's Japanese arcade business, prompting Sega to close 246 locations.<sup id="cite_ref-2000_report_102-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2000_report-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001582_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001582-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moore became the president and chief operating officer of Sega of America on May 8, 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and Sega's developers focused on the US market to prepare for the upcoming launch of the PS2.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001578–579_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001578%E2%80%93579-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To that end, Sega of America launched its own internet service provider, Sega.com, led by CEO Brad Huang.<sup id="cite_ref-Superhero_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Superhero-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001571_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001571-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SegaNet_launch_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SegaNet_launch-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 7, 2000, Sega.com launched <a href="/wiki/SegaNet" class="mw-redirect" title="SegaNet">SegaNet</a>, the Dreamcast's <a href="/wiki/Online_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Online games">internet gaming</a> service, at a subscription price of $21.95 per month.<sup id="cite_ref-SegaNet_launch_108-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SegaNet_launch-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001579_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001579-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Sega had previously released only one Dreamcast game in the US that featured online multiplayer, <i><a href="/wiki/ChuChu_Rocket!" title="ChuChu Rocket!">ChuChu Rocket!</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001579_109-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001579-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the launch of SegaNet combined with the release of <i><a href="/wiki/NFL_2K1" title="NFL 2K1">NFL 2K1</a></i>, with a robust online component, was intended to increase demand for the Dreamcast in the US market.<sup id="cite_ref-SegaNet_launch_108-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SegaNet_launch-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001578–579,_581_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001578%E2%80%93579,_581-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The service later supported games including <i><a href="/wiki/Bomberman_Online" title="Bomberman Online">Bomberman Online</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Quake_III_Arena" title="Quake III Arena">Quake III Arena</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Unreal_Tournament" title="Unreal Tournament">Unreal Tournament</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The September 7 launch coincided with a new advertising campaign to promote SegaNet, including advertising on the <a href="/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awards" title="MTV Video Music Awards">MTV Video Music Awards</a> that day, which Sega sponsored for the second consecutive year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001579_109-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001579-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega employed aggressive pricing strategies around online gaming; in Japan, every Dreamcast sold included a free year of internet access, which Okawa personally paid for.<sup id="cite_ref-Okawa_PSO_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okawa_PSO-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to the launch of SegaNet, Sega had already offered a $200 rebate to any Dreamcast owner who purchased two years of internet access from Sega.com.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To increase SegaNet's appeal in the US, Sega dropped the price of the Dreamcast to <span style="white-space: nowrap">$149</span> (compared to the PS2's US launch price of <span style="white-space: nowrap">$299</span>) and offered a rebate for the full <span style="white-space: nowrap">$149</span> price of a Dreamcast, and a free Dreamcast keyboard, with every 18-month SegaNet subscription.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SegaNet_launch_108-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SegaNet_launch-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001579_109-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001579-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline">Decline</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Decline" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><p> Moore said that the Dreamcast would need to sell 5 million units in the US by the end of 2000 to remain a viable platform; Sega fell short of this goal, with some 3 million units sold.<sup id="cite_ref-businessweek.com_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-businessweek.com-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001581,_588_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001581,_588-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover, Sega's attempts to spur increased Dreamcast sales through lower prices and cash rebates caused escalating financial losses.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead of an expected profit, for the six months ending September 2000, Sega posted a <span style="white-space: nowrap">¥17.98 billion</span> (<span style="white-space: nowrap">$163.11 million</span>) loss, with a projected year-end loss of <span style="white-space: nowrap">¥23.6 billion</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This estimate more than doubled to <span style="white-space: nowrap">¥58.3 billion</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-Financial_statement_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Financial_statement-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in March 2001, Sega posted a consolidated net loss of <span style="white-space: nowrap">¥51.7 billion</span> (<span style="white-space: nowrap">$417.5 million</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the PS2's October 26 US launch was marred by shortages, this did not benefit the Dreamcast as much as expected; many consumers continued to wait for a PS2, while the <a href="/wiki/PSOne" class="mw-redirect" title="PSOne">PSone</a>, a remodeled version of the original PlayStation, became the bestselling console in the US at the start of the 2000 holiday season.<sup id="cite_ref-businessweek.com_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-businessweek.com-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001585–588_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001585%E2%80%93588-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Moore, "The PlayStation 2 effect that we were relying upon did not work for us... People will hang on for as long as possible... What effectively happened is the PlayStation 2 lack of availability froze the marketplace."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001588_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001588-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, Sony and Nintendo held 50 and 35 percent of the US video game market, while Sega held only 15 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Bellfield, Dreamcast software sold at an 8-to-1 ratio with the hardware, but the small install base meant this did not produce enough revenue to keep it viable.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001585_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001585-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the course of 2000, the PlayStation had sold five times more than Dreamcast despite being five year old hardware.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"></p><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>We had a tremendous 18 months. Dreamcast was on fire - we really thought that we could do it. But then we had a target from Japan that said we had to make x hundreds of millions of dollars by the holiday season and shift x millions of units of hardware, otherwise, we just couldn't sustain the business. Somehow I got to make that call, not the Japanese. I had to fire a lot of people; it was not a pleasant day. So on <span class="nowrap">January 31st 2001</span> we said Sega is leaving hardware. We were selling 50,000 units a day, then 60,000, then 100,000, but it was just not going to be enough to get the critical mass to take on the launch of PS2. It was a big stakes game. Sega had the option of pouring in more money and going bankrupt and they decided they wanted to live to fight another day. </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Peter Moore, on the Dreamcast's discontinuation<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>On May 22, 2000, Okawa replaced Irimajiri as president of Sega.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001581–582_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001581%E2%80%93582-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Okawa had long advocated that Sega abandon the console business.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001577,_582_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001577,_582-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His sentiments were not unique; Sega co-founder David Rosen had "always felt it was a bit of a folly for them to be limiting their potential to Sega hardware", and Stolar had suggested Sega should have sold their company to Microsoft.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rosen_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosen-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2000, in a meeting with Sega's Japanese executives and the heads of the company's major Japanese game development studios, Moore and Bellfield recommended that Sega abandon its console business and focus on software, prompting the studio heads to walk out.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amid speculation and rumors, Sega executives denied to the media that it would leave the console hardware business.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, on January 31, 2001, Sega announced the discontinuation of the Dreamcast after March 31 and the restructuring of the company as a "platform-agnostic" third-party developer,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001588–589_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001588%E2%80%93589-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although with continued Dreamcast software support for some time.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega also announced a price reduction to <span style="white-space: nowrap">$99</span> to eliminate its unsold inventory, which was estimated at 930,000 units as of April 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pulls_plug_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pulls_plug-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a further reduction to $79, the Dreamcast was cleared out of stores at <span style="white-space: nowrap">$49.95</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final Dreamcast unit manufactured was autographed by the heads of all nine of Sega's internal game development studios, plus the heads of Visual Concepts and Sega's sound studio Wave Master, and given away with all 55 first-party Dreamcast games through a competition organized by <i><a href="/wiki/GamePro" title="GamePro">GamePro</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Okawa, who had previously loaned Sega <span style="white-space: nowrap">$500 million</span> in 1999, died on March 16, 2001; shortly before his death, he forgave Sega's debts to him and returned his <span style="white-space: nowrap">$695 million</span> worth of Sega and CSK stock, helping Sega survive the transition to third-party development.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001582,_589_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001582,_589-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of this restructuring, nearly one third of Sega's Tokyo workforce was laid off in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aftermath_and_reaction">Aftermath and reaction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Aftermath and reaction" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>More than 10 million Dreamcast units were sold worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the discontinuation of Dreamcast hardware, Sega continued to support the system and had stated that more than 30 new titles were confirmed for release for the remainder of 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_132-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the United States, official game releases continued until the end of the first half of 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega continued to repair Dreamcast units until 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many hardware developers that worked on the Dreamcast also joined <a href="/wiki/Pachinko" title="Pachinko">pachinko</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slot_machine" title="Slot machine">pachislot</a> company <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Corporation" title="Sammy Corporation">Sammy Corporation</a>, who soon merged with Sega. Hideki Sato pushed for leftover Dreamcast parts being used as displays in the machines that Sammy develops, including the very successful <i><a href="/wiki/Fist_of_the_North_Star#Pachinko" title="Fist of the North Star">Fist of the North Star</a></i> pachinko machines.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After five consecutive years of financial losses, Sega finally posted a profit for the fiscal year ending March 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The announcement of Sega's exit from hardware was met with enthusiasm. According to <i>IGN</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Travis Fahs, "Sega was a creatively fertile company with a rapidly expanding stable of properties to draw from. It seemed like they were in a perfect position to start a new life as a developer/publisher."<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former <a href="/wiki/Working_Designs" title="Working Designs">Working Designs</a> president Victor Ireland wrote, "It's actually a good thing ... because now Sega will survive, doing what they do best: software."<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The staff of <i><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i> wrote that "from <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_the_Hedgehog" title="Sonic the Hedgehog">Sonic</a></i> to <i><a href="/wiki/Shenmue" title="Shenmue">Shenmue</a></i>, Sega's programmers have produced some of the most engaging experiences in the history of interactive media ... Unshackled by a struggling console platform, this platoon of world-class software developers can do what they do best for any machine on the market."<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Game_Informer" title="Game Informer">Game Informer</a></i>, commenting on Sega's tendency to produce under-appreciated <a href="/wiki/Cult_classics" class="mw-redirect" title="Cult classics">cult classics</a>, wrote: "Let us rejoice in the fact that Sega is making games equally among the current console crop, so that history will not repeat itself."<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Technical_specifications">Technical specifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Technical specifications" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hardware">Hardware</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Hardware" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:386px;max-width:386px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg/200px-Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3900" data-file-height="3900"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg/200px-Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="200" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg/300px-Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg/400px-Sega-Dreamcast-Internals.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:180px;max-width:180px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg/178px-Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="4320"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 178px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg/178px-Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="178" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg/267px-Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg/356px-Sega-Dreamcast-Motherboard-Top.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Internal view of a Dreamcast console including optical drive, power supply, controller ports, and cooling fan. Isolated motherboard.</div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NEC_-_VideoLogic@250nm@PowerVR_Series2@CLX2@Dreamcast@315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon@5x.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/NEC_-_VideoLogic%40250nm%40PowerVR_Series2%40CLX2%40Dreamcast%40315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon%405x.jpg/220px-NEC_-_VideoLogic%40250nm%40PowerVR_Series2%40CLX2%40Dreamcast%40315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon%405x.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5612" data-file-height="5612"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 220px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/NEC_-_VideoLogic%40250nm%40PowerVR_Series2%40CLX2%40Dreamcast%40315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon%405x.jpg/220px-NEC_-_VideoLogic%40250nm%40PowerVR_Series2%40CLX2%40Dreamcast%40315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon%405x.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="220" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/NEC_-_VideoLogic%40250nm%40PowerVR_Series2%40CLX2%40Dreamcast%40315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon%405x.jpg/330px-NEC_-_VideoLogic%40250nm%40PowerVR_Series2%40CLX2%40Dreamcast%40315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon%405x.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/NEC_-_VideoLogic%40250nm%40PowerVR_Series2%40CLX2%40Dreamcast%40315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon%405x.jpg/440px-NEC_-_VideoLogic%40250nm%40PowerVR_Series2%40CLX2%40Dreamcast%40315-6225_9852PX430_DSCx4_polysilicon%405x.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Die shot of the Dreamcast's ASIC</figcaption></figure> <p>The Dreamcast measures 190 mm × 195.8 mm × 75.5 mm (7.48 in × 7.71 in × 2.97 in) and weighs 1.5 kg (3.3 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its main <a href="/wiki/CPU" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU">CPU</a> is a two-way 360 <a href="/wiki/Instructions_per_second" title="Instructions per second">MIPS</a> <a href="/wiki/Superscalar" class="mw-redirect" title="Superscalar">superscalar</a> Hitachi <a href="/wiki/SuperH" title="SuperH">SH-4</a> <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/RISC" class="mw-redirect" title="RISC">RISC</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> clocked at 200 MHz with an 8 <a href="/wiki/Kilobyte" title="Kilobyte">kB</a> <a href="/wiki/CPU_cache" title="CPU cache">instruction cache</a> and 16 kB data cache and a 128-bit graphics-oriented <a href="/wiki/Floating-point_unit" title="Floating-point unit">floating-point unit</a> delivering 1.4 <a href="/wiki/GigaFLOPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GigaFLOPS">GFLOPS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its 100 MHz <a href="/wiki/PowerVR#Series2_(NEC)" title="PowerVR">NEC PowerVR2</a> rendering engine, integrated with the <a href="/wiki/Application-specific_integrated_circuit" title="Application-specific integrated circuit">ASIC</a>, can draw more than 3 million <a href="/wiki/Polygon" title="Polygon">polygons</a> per second<sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and use <a href="/wiki/Deferred_shading" title="Deferred shading">deferred shading</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega estimated the Dreamcast's theoretical rendering capability at 7 million raw polygons per second, or 6 million with textures and lighting, but noted that "game logic and physics reduce peak graphic performance".<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Graphical hardware effects include <a href="/wiki/Trilinear_filtering" title="Trilinear filtering">trilinear filtering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gouraud_shading" title="Gouraud shading">gouraud shading</a>, <a href="/wiki/Z-buffering" title="Z-buffering">z-buffering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spatial_anti-aliasing" title="Spatial anti-aliasing">spatial anti-aliasing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order-independent_transparency" title="Order-independent transparency">per-pixel translucency sorting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bump_mapping" title="Bump mapping">bump mapping</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dreamcast can <a href="/wiki/Color_depth" title="Color depth">output</a> approximately <a href="/wiki/24-bit_color" class="mw-redirect" title="24-bit color">16.77 million colors</a> simultaneously and displays <a href="/wiki/Interlaced_video" title="Interlaced video">interlaced</a> or <a href="/wiki/Progressive_scan" title="Progressive scan">progressive scan</a> video at 640 × 480 <a href="/wiki/Video_resolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Video resolution">video resolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its 67 MHz Yamaha AICA<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sound processor, with a 32-bit <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARM7</a> RISC CPU core, can generate 64 voices with <a href="/wiki/Pulse-code_modulation" title="Pulse-code modulation">PCM</a> or <a href="/wiki/Adaptive_differential_pulse-code_modulation" title="Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation">ADPCM</a>, providing ten times the performance of the Saturn's sound system.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dreamcast has 16 <a href="/wiki/Megabyte" title="Megabyte">MB</a> main RAM, along with an additional 8 MB of RAM for graphic textures and 2 MB of RAM for sound.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It reads media using a 12× speed Yamaha <a href="/wiki/GD-ROM" title="GD-ROM">GD-ROM</a> drive.<sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to Windows CE, the Dreamcast supports several Sega and <a href="/wiki/Middleware" title="Middleware">middleware</a> <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">application programming interfaces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dreamcast can supply video through several accessories including <a href="/wiki/RCA_connector" title="RCA connector">A/V cables</a>, <a href="/wiki/RF_modulator" title="RF modulator">RF modulator</a> connectors <a href="/wiki/S-Video" title="S-Video">S-Video</a> cables and <a href="/wiki/SCART" title="SCART">SCART</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Dreamcast_VGA" title="Dreamcast VGA">VGA adapter</a> allows Dreamcast to connect on <a href="/wiki/Visual_display_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual display unit">computer displays</a> or <a href="/wiki/Enhanced-definition_television" title="Enhanced-definition television">enhanced-definition television</a> sets in <a href="/wiki/480p" title="480p">480p</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Models">Models</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Models" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg/220px-Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3780" data-file-height="2850"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 166px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg/220px-Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="166" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg/330px-Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg/440px-Sega-Dreamcast-Sports-Black-Console.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The limited-edition black "Sega Sports" model.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg/220px-Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg/220px-Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg/330px-Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg/440px-Fuji_Divers_2000_series_CX-1_Dreamcast_08.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The Divers 2000 CX-1 is a special edition of the Dreamcast that was built into a television set.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sega constructed numerous Dreamcast models, most of which were exclusive to Japan. The R7, a refurbished Dreamcast, was originally used as a network console in Japanese pachinko parlors. Another model, the Divers 2000 CX-1, is shaped similarly to Sonic's head and includes a television and software for teleconferencing. A <i><a href="/wiki/Hello_Kitty" title="Hello Kitty">Hello Kitty</a></i> version, limited to 2000 units, was targeted at female gamers in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Special editions were created for <i>Seaman</i><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Resident_Evil_%E2%80%93_Code:_Veronica" title="Resident Evil – Code: Veronica">Resident Evil – Code: Veronica</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Color variations were sold through the Dreamcast Direct service in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> also offered special Dreamcast units at 160 of its dealers in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In North America, a limited edition black Dreamcast was released with a Sega Sports logo on the lid, which included matching Sega Sports-branded black controllers and two games.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controllers_and_accessories">Controllers and accessories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Controllers and accessories" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg/220px-Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4410" data-file-height="3390"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 169px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg/220px-Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="169" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg/330px-Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg/440px-Sega-Dreamcast-Cont-n-VMU.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The Dreamcast controller has two dock connectors for use with multiple accessories, like the <a href="/wiki/VMU" title="VMU">VMU</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg/220px-Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="2670"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 211px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg/220px-Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="211" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg/330px-Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg/440px-Sega-Dreamcast-Mouse-BL.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Dreamcast mouse accessory</figcaption></figure> <p>The Dreamcast has four ports for controller inputs, and was sold with one controller. The controller is based on the <a href="/wiki/Nights_Into_Dreams...#Release" class="mw-redirect" title="Nights Into Dreams...">Saturn 3D controller</a> and includes an analog stick, a <a href="/wiki/D-pad" title="D-pad">D-pad</a>, four action buttons, start button and two analog triggers.<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It received mostly negative reviews from critics; <i><a href="/wiki/Edge_(magazine)" title="Edge (magazine)">Edge</a></i> described it as "an ugly evolution of Saturn's 3D controller",<sup id="cite_ref-Edge20_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edge20-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was called "[not] that great" by <i>1Up.com</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Sam Kennedy<sup id="cite_ref-360_will_succeed_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-360_will_succeed-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "lame" by <i>Game Informer</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Andy McNamara.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i> wrote that "unlike most controllers, Sega's pad forces the user's hands into an uncomfortable parallel position".<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both the analog joystick and triggers uniquely used <a href="/wiki/Hall_effect" title="Hall effect">Hall effect</a> sensors, which requires less calibration and leads to fewer issues with <a href="/wiki/Analog_stick#Neutral_position_and_drifting" title="Analog stick">joystick drift</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various third-party controllers, from companies such as <a href="/wiki/Mad_Catz" title="Mad Catz">Mad Catz</a>, include additional buttons and other features;<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> third parties also manufactured arcade-style joysticks for fighting games, such as Agetech's Arcade Stick and Interact's Alloy Arcade Stick.<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BW_Peripherals_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BW_Peripherals-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mad Catz and Agetec created racing wheels for racing games.<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega did not release its official <a href="/wiki/Light_gun" title="Light gun">light guns</a> in the US,<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but some third party light guns were available.<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dreamcast supports a Sega fishing "reel and rod" <a href="/wiki/Motion_controller" title="Motion controller">motion controller</a> and a keyboard for text entry.<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soothsayer-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although it was designed for fishing games such as <i><a href="/wiki/Sega_Bass_Fishing" title="Sega Bass Fishing">Sega Bass Fishing</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-BW_Peripherals_160-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BW_Peripherals-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Soulcalibur</i> is playable with the fishing controller, which translates vertical and horizontal movements into on-screen swordplay; <i>IGN</i> cited it as a predecessor to the <a href="/wiki/Wii_Remote" title="Wii Remote">Wii Remote</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soothsayer-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Japanese Dreamcast port of Sega's <i><a href="/wiki/Cyber_Troopers_Virtual-On_Oratorio_Tangram" title="Cyber Troopers Virtual-On Oratorio Tangram">Cyber Troopers Virtual-On Oratorio Tangram</a></i> supported a "Twin Sticks" peripheral, but its American publisher, <a href="/wiki/Activision" title="Activision">Activision</a>, opted not to release it in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dreamcast can connect to <a href="/wiki/SNK_Playmore" class="mw-redirect" title="SNK Playmore">SNK</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Neo_Geo_Pocket_Color" title="Neo Geo Pocket Color">Neo Geo Pocket Color</a>, predating Nintendo's <a href="/wiki/GameCube_%E2%80%93_Game_Boy_Advance_link_cable" title="GameCube – Game Boy Advance link cable">GameCube – Game Boy Advance link cable</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In most regions, the Dreamcast includes a removable modem for online connectivity, which is modular for future upgrades.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Brazil, due to the high price of the console, the modem was sold separately.<sup id="cite_ref-dreamcast_jogo_164-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dreamcast_jogo-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original Japanese model and all PAL models have a transfer rate of 33.6 kbit/s, and consoles sold in the US and in Japan after September 9, 1999, feature a <a href="/wiki/56_kbit/s_line" title="56 kbit/s line">56 kbit/s</a> dial-up modem.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Broadband service was enabled through the later release of a broadband accessory in 2000 in Japan,<sup id="cite_ref-:62_166-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:62-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and early 2001 in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sega also produced the Dreameye, a digital camera that could be connected to the Dreamcast and used to exchange pictures and participate in <a href="/wiki/Videotelephony" title="Videotelephony">video chat</a> over the internet. Sega hoped developers would use the Dreameye for future software, as some later did with Sony's similar <a href="/wiki/EyeToy" title="EyeToy">EyeToy</a> peripheral.<sup id="cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avant-Garde-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, Sega investigated systems that would have allowed users to make telephone calls with the Dreamcast, and discussed with <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a> the development of an internet-enabled cell phone that would use technology from the console to enable quick downloads of games and other data.<sup id="cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avant-Garde-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Storage">Storage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Storage" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/VMU" title="VMU">VMU</a></div> <p>In contrast to the Sega CD and Sega Saturn, which included internal backup memory,<sup id="cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soothsayer-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Dreamcast uses a 128 kbyte <a href="/wiki/Memory_card" title="Memory card">memory card</a>, the <a href="/wiki/VMU" title="VMU">VMU</a>, for data storage.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_VMU_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_VMU-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The VMU features a small <a href="/wiki/Liquid_crystal_display" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid crystal display">LCD</a> screen, audio output from a one-channel <a href="/wiki/Pulse-width_modulation" title="Pulse-width modulation">PWM</a> sound source,<sup id="cite_ref-Vintage_173-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vintage-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Non-volatile_memory" title="Non-volatile memory">non-volatile memory</a>, a D-pad and four buttons.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vintage_173-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vintage-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BW_Peripherals_160-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BW_Peripherals-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The VMU can present game information, be used as a minimal handheld gaming device,<sup id="cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avant-Garde-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and connect to certain Sega arcade machines.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soothsayer-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IGN_VMU_172-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_VMU-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, players use the VMU to call plays in <i>NFL 2K</i> or raise virtual pets in <i>Sonic Adventure</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soothsayer-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GS_2K_Retro_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GS_2K_Retro-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sega officials noted that the VMU could be used "as a private viewing area, the absence of which has prevented effective implementation of many types of games in the past".<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a VMU slot was incorporated into the controller's design, Sega's engineers found many additional uses for it, so a second slot was added.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is generally for vibration packs providing <a href="/wiki/Haptic_technology" title="Haptic technology">force feedback</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Vintage_173-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vintage-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as Sega's "Jump Pack"<sup id="cite_ref-BW_Peripherals_160-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BW_Peripherals-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Performance's "Tremor Pack";<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it can be used for peripherals including a microphone, enabling voice control and player communication.<sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various third-party cards provide storage, and some contain the LCD screen addition.<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/LenovoEMC" class="mw-redirect" title="LenovoEMC">Iomega</a> announced a Dreamcast-compatible <a href="/wiki/Zip_drive" title="Zip drive">zip drive</a> storing up to <span class="nowrap">100 MB</span> on removable discs,<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen211_147-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen211-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it was never released.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Software">Software</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Software" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Game_library">Game library</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Game library" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Dreamcast_games" title="List of Dreamcast games">List of Dreamcast games</a></div> <p>The Dreamcast library consists of over 600 games across all regions,<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in GD-ROM format.<sup id="cite_ref-EGM115_40-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM115-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It uses <a href="/wiki/Regional_lockout" title="Regional lockout">regional lockout</a>, only playing games released within its predetermined region; however, this is circumventable via <a href="/wiki/Modchip" title="Modchip">modchip</a> installation, boot discs, or cheat discs such as <a href="/wiki/Datel" title="Datel">Datel</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Action_Replay" title="Action Replay">Action Replay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Japan, the Dreamcast was launched with <i><a href="/wiki/Virtua_Fighter_3#Virtua_Fighter_3tb" title="Virtua Fighter 3">Virtua Fighter 3tb</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pen_Pen_TriIcelon" title="Pen Pen TriIcelon">Pen Pen TriIcelon</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_Generations" title="Godzilla Generations">Godzilla Generations</a></i>, and <i>July</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In North America, it launched with 19 games, including the highly anticipated <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure" title="Sonic Adventure">Sonic Adventure</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Soulcalibur_(video_game)" title="Soulcalibur (video game)">Soulcalibur</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/NFL_2K_(video_game)" title="NFL 2K (video game)">NFL 2K</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Europe, it was planned to launch with 10 games; this increased to 15 after the launch was delayed.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Europe_new_release_date_-_IGN_184-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Europe_new_release_date_-_IGN-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Licensed Dreamcast games were released until mid-2002 in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some <a href="/wiki/Indie_game" title="Indie game">indie developers</a> continued to release games, such as 2007's <a href="/wiki/Last_Hope_(video_game)" title="Last Hope (video game)"><i>Last Hope</i></a>, developed by the German studio <a href="/wiki/NGDEV" title="NGDEV">NG:Dev.Team</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_186-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First-party_games">First-party games</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: First-party games" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sonic_Adventure_screenshot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/58/Sonic_Adventure_screenshot.jpg/220px-Sonic_Adventure_screenshot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="238"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 164px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/58/Sonic_Adventure_screenshot.jpg/220px-Sonic_Adventure_screenshot.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="164" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/58/Sonic_Adventure_screenshot.jpg 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure" title="Sonic Adventure">Sonic Adventure</a></i> is a significant Dreamcast game, as the first 3D platforming <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_the_Hedgehog" title="Sonic the Hedgehog">Sonic</a></i> game.</figcaption></figure> <p>In what has been called "a brief moment of remarkable creativity",<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2000, Sega restructured its arcade and console development teams into nine semi-autonomous studios headed by their top designers.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001577–578,_581_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001577%E2%80%93578,_581-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studios included <a href="/wiki/United_Game_Artists" title="United Game Artists">United Game Artists</a> (UGA), <a href="/wiki/Sega_AM3" title="Sega AM3">Hitmaker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sega_Sports_R%26D" title="Sega Sports R&D">Smilebit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Overworks" class="mw-redirect" title="Overworks">Overworks</a>, <a href="/wiki/WOW_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="WOW Entertainment">WOW Entertainment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amusement_Vision" class="mw-redirect" title="Amusement Vision">Amusement Vision</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sega_Rosso" class="mw-redirect" title="Sega Rosso">Sega Rosso</a>, Wave Master, and <a href="/wiki/Sonic_Team" title="Sonic Team">Sonic Team</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_188-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Sega_AM2" title="Sega AM2">Sega AM2</a> had been taken over earlier in the year by <a href="/wiki/CSK_Research_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="CSK Research Institute">CSK Research Institute</a><sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and became independent in 2001 as SEGA-AM2 Co., Ltd.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega's design studios were encouraged to experiment and benefited from a relatively lax approval process.<sup id="cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avant-Garde-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This resulted in games such as UGA's <i><a href="/wiki/Rez_(video_game)" title="Rez (video game)">Rez</a></i>, an attempt to simulate <a href="/wiki/Synaesthesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Synaesthesia">synaesthesia</a> in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Rail_shooter" title="Rail shooter">rail shooter</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-1UP_Rez_191-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1UP_Rez-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wow's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Typing_of_the_Dead" title="The Typing of the Dead">The Typing of the Dead</a></i>, a version of <i><a href="/wiki/The_House_of_the_Dead_2" title="The House of the Dead 2">The House of the Dead 2</a></i> remade into a <a href="/wiki/Touch_typing" title="Touch typing">touch typing</a> trainer;<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GI_Top_195-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GI_Top-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013415._"'I'm_dating_the_head_cheerleader',_you_might_type_while_playing_''The_Typing_of_the_Dead'',_before_digressing_into_an_extended_discourse_on_health_and_safety_measures_or_financial_prudence"_196-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013415._%22'I'm_dating_the_head_cheerleader',_you_might_type_while_playing_''The_Typing_of_the_Dead'',_before_digressing_into_an_extended_discourse_on_health_and_safety_measures_or_financial_prudence%22-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Hitmaker's <i><a href="/wiki/Segagaga" title="Segagaga">Segagaga</a></i>, a Japan-exclusive <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">role-playing game</a> in which players are tasked with preventing Sega from going out of business.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sonic Team's <i>Sonic Adventure</i>, the first fully 3D <a href="/wiki/Platform_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Platform game">platform game</a> starring Sega's mascot Sonic the Hedgehog, was considered the "centerpiece" of the Dreamcast launch.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At 2.5 million copies, it is the best-selling Dreamcast game.<sup id="cite_ref-IGNGreat_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGNGreat-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gssonic_198-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gssonic-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sonic Team also developed the Dreamcast's first online game—<i><a href="/wiki/ChuChu_Rocket!" title="ChuChu Rocket!">ChuChu Rocket!</a></i>—which was praised for its addictive puzzle gameplay and "frantic" multiplayer matches,<sup id="cite_ref-Best_GamesRadar_199-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Best_GamesRadar-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013385_201-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013385-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the critically successful music game <i><a href="/wiki/Samba_de_Amigo" title="Samba de Amigo">Samba de Amigo</a></i>, which was noted for its expensive maracas peripheral and colorful aesthetic.<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013405_203-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013405-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sonic Team's <i><a href="/wiki/Phantasy_Star_Online" title="Phantasy Star Online">Phantasy Star Online</a></i>, the first online console RPG, is considered a landmark game for refining and simplifying <i><a href="/wiki/Diablo_(video_game)" title="Diablo (video game)">Diablo</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s style of gameplay to appeal to console audiences.<sup id="cite_ref-Okawa_PSO_112-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okawa_PSO-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013435_205-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013435-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>UGA created the <a href="/wiki/Music_video_game" title="Music video game">music game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Space_Channel_5" title="Space Channel 5">Space Channel 5</a></i> for a female casual audience;<sup id="cite_ref-GamaInterview_207-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GamaInterview-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> players help a female outer-space news reporter, Ulala, fight aliens with "groove energy" by dancing.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001581_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001581-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013410_208-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013410-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hitmaker's arcade ports include <i>Crazy Taxi</i>, an <a href="/wiki/Open_world" title="Open world">open-world</a> arcade <a href="/wiki/Racing_game" title="Racing game">racing game</a> known for its addictive gameplay with more than one million copies sold;<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GI_Top_195-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GI_Top-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Virtua_Tennis" title="Virtua Tennis">Virtua Tennis</a></i>, which revitalized the tennis game genre.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GI_Top_100_210-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GI_Top_100-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smilebit's <i><a href="/wiki/Jet_Set_Radio" title="Jet Set Radio">Jet Set Radio</a></i>, in which players control a Tokyo gang of rebellious <a href="/wiki/Inline_skating" title="Inline skating">inline skaters</a>, is cited as a major example of Sega's commitment to original concepts during the Dreamcast's lifespan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013431_211-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013431-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ingenito_212-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ingenito-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Jet Set Radio</i> also popularized <a href="/wiki/Cel_shading" title="Cel shading">cel shaded</a> graphics,<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though it failed to meet Sega's sales expectations.<sup id="cite_ref-Ingenito_212-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ingenito-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001587_215-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001587-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">role-playing game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Skies_of_Arcadia" title="Skies of Arcadia">Skies of Arcadia</a></i>, developed by Overworks and produced by <a href="/wiki/Rieko_Kodama" title="Rieko Kodama">Rieko Kodama</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was acclaimed for its surreal <a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne" title="Jules Verne">Jules Verne</a>-inspired fantasy world of floating islands and sky pirates, charming protagonists, exciting airship battles and memorable plot.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013438_218-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013438-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>AM2 developed what Sega hoped would be the Dreamcast's <a href="/wiki/Killer_application" title="Killer application">killer app</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Shenmue_(video_game)" title="Shenmue (video game)">Shenmue</a></i>, a "revenge epic in the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_China" title="Cinema of China">Chinese cinema</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-History_219-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a level of detail considered unprecedented for a video game.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013406_220-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013406-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Incorporating a <a href="/wiki/Simulation_video_game" title="Simulation video game">simulated</a> day-and-night cycle with variable weather, <a href="/wiki/Non-player_character" title="Non-player character">non-player characters</a> with regular schedules, the ability to pick up and examine detailed objects, and introducing the <a href="/wiki/Quick-time_event" class="mw-redirect" title="Quick-time event">quick-time event</a> in its modern form,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013406_220-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013406-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-221" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Shenmue</i> went over budget and was rumored to have cost Sega over $50 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Ages_222-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ages-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013406_220-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013406-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001578_223-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001578-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Moore, <i>Shenmue</i> sold "extremely well", but had no chance of making a profit due to the Dreamcast's limited installed base.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001587,_578_224-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001587,_578-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Visual Concepts' <i><a href="/wiki/NFL_2K" title="NFL 2K">NFL 2K</a></i> football series and its <i><a href="/wiki/NBA_2K_(series)" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA 2K (series)">NBA 2K</a></i> basketball series were critically acclaimed.<sup id="cite_ref-225" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>NFL 2K</i> was considered an outstanding launch game for its high-quality visuals<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001565_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001565-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-226" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-226"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "insightful, context-friendly, and, yes, even funny <a href="/wiki/Sports_commentator" title="Sports commentator">commentary</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-GS_2K_Retro_174-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GS_2K_Retro-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <i>NFL 2K1</i> featured groundbreaking online multiplayer earlier than its chief competitor, EA's <i><a href="/wiki/Madden_NFL" title="Madden NFL">Madden NFL</a></i> series.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Forensic_227-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forensic-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GI_Top_100_210-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GI_Top_100-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Madden</i> and <i>2K</i> continued to compete on other platforms through 2004, with the <i>2K</i> series introducing innovations such as a <a href="/wiki/First_person_(video_games)" class="mw-redirect" title="First person (video games)">first person perspective</a> new to the genre,<sup id="cite_ref-228" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-228"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and eventually launching <i><a href="/wiki/ESPN_NFL_2K5" title="ESPN NFL 2K5">ESPN NFL 2K5</a></i> at the aggressively low price point of $19.95 until EA signed an exclusive agreement with the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>, effectively putting every other pro-football game out of business.<sup id="cite_ref-229" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-229"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>226<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Sega sold Visual Concepts for $24 million in 2005, the <i>NBA 2K</i> series continued with publisher <a href="/wiki/Take-Two_Interactive" title="Take-Two Interactive">Take-Two Interactive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Best_GamesRadar_199-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Best_GamesRadar-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-231"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>227<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the Dreamcast's lifespan, Visual Concepts also collaborated with the <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_the_Hedgehog_(1991_video_game)" title="Sonic the Hedgehog (1991 video game)">Sonic the Hedgehog</a></i> level designer <a href="/wiki/Hirokazu_Yasuhara" title="Hirokazu Yasuhara">Hirokazu Yasuhara</a> on the action-adventure game <i><a href="/wiki/Floigan_Bros." title="Floigan Bros.">Floigan Bros.</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-232" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-232"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and developed the <a href="/wiki/Action_game" title="Action game">action game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ooga_Booga" title="Ooga Booga">Ooga Booga</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-233" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-233"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ports_and_third-party_games">Ports and third-party games</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Ports and third-party games" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Before the launch of the Dreamcast in Japan, Sega announced its <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sega_arcade_system_boards" title="List of Sega arcade system boards">NAOMI</a><sup id="cite_ref-234" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-234"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>230<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> arcade board, a cheaper alternative to the <a href="/wiki/Sega_Model_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Sega Model 3">Sega Model 3</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-235" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-235"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>231<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NAOMI shares the same technology as the Dreamcast, with twice as much system, video, and audio memory and a 160 MB <a href="/wiki/Flash_memory" title="Flash memory">flash ROM board</a> in place of a GD-ROM drive, allowing nearly identical <a href="/wiki/Porting" title="Porting">home conversions</a> of <a href="/wiki/Arcade_game" title="Arcade game">arcade games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Unified_34-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unified-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Games were ported from NAOMI to the Dreamcast by several leading Japanese arcade companies, including <a href="/wiki/Capcom" title="Capcom">Capcom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Namco" title="Namco">Namco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dreamcast also used parts similar to those found in personal computers with Pentium II and <a href="/wiki/Pentium_III" title="Pentium III">III</a> processors, allowing a handful of ports of <a href="/wiki/PC_games" class="mw-redirect" title="PC games">PC games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-236" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-236"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>232<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-237" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-237"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>233<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To appeal to the European market, Sega formed a French affiliate, <a href="/wiki/No_Clich%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="No Cliché">No Cliché</a>, which developed games such as <i><a href="/wiki/Toy_Commander" title="Toy Commander">Toy Commander</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-238" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-238"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>234<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega Europe also approached <a href="/wiki/Bizarre_Creations" title="Bizarre Creations">Bizarre Creations</a> to develop the racing game <i><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_Street_Racer" title="Metropolis Street Racer">Metropolis Street Racer</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-239" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-239"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>235<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although <a href="/wiki/Acclaim_Entertainment" title="Acclaim Entertainment">Acclaim</a>, SNK, <a href="/wiki/Ubisoft" title="Ubisoft">Ubisoft</a>, Midway, Activision, <a href="/wiki/Infogrames" class="mw-redirect" title="Infogrames">Infogrames</a>, and Capcom supported the Dreamcast during its first year,<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> third-party support proved difficult to obtain due to the failure of the Sega Saturn and the profitability of publishing for the PlayStation.<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Namco's <i><a href="/wiki/Soulcalibur_(video_game)" title="Soulcalibur (video game)">Soulcalibur</a></i>, for example, was released for the Dreamcast because of the relative unpopularity of the <i><a href="/wiki/Soul_(series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soul (series)">Soul</a></i> series at the time; Namco's more successful <i><a href="/wiki/Tekken_(series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tekken (series)">Tekken</a></i> franchise was associated with the PlayStation console and PlayStation-based arcade boards.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Capcom produced a number of fighting games for the Dreamcast, including the <i><a href="/wiki/Power_Stone_(video_game)" title="Power Stone (video game)">Power Stone</a></i> series, and a temporarily exclusive<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_Dozen_240-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_Dozen-240"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> entry in the popular <i><a href="/wiki/Resident_Evil_(series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Resident Evil (series)">Resident Evil</a></i> series, <i><a href="/wiki/Resident_Evil_%E2%80%93_Code:_Veronica" title="Resident Evil – Code: Veronica">Resident Evil – Code: Veronica</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Best_GamesRadar_199-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Best_GamesRadar-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IGN_Top_25_241-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_Top_25-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>237<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013421,_432–434_242-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013421,_432%E2%80%93434-242"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>238<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dreamcast is known for several <a href="/wiki/Shoot_%27em_up" title="Shoot 'em up">shoot 'em ups</a>, most notably <a href="/wiki/Treasure_(company)" title="Treasure (company)">Treasure's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Bangai-O" title="Bangai-O">Bangai-O</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Ikaruga" title="Ikaruga">Ikaruga</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_Dozen_240-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_Dozen-240"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013382,_465_243-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013382,_465-243"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>239<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega also revived franchises from the Genesis era, such as <a href="/wiki/Appaloosa_Interactive" title="Appaloosa Interactive">Appaloosa Interactive</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Ecco_the_Dolphin:_Defender_of_the_Future" title="Ecco the Dolphin: Defender of the Future">Ecco the Dolphin</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Network_services">Network services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Network services" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dreamcast_online_functionality#Online_services" title="Dreamcast online functionality">Dreamcast online functionality § Online services</a></div> <p>Dricas was an Internet service for Dreamcast consoles in Japan. The service launched the week of October 28, 1998, with its feature set expanded in the weeks preceding the Dreamcast's launch in Japan on November 27, 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-244" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-244"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>240<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of its infrastructure was developed by ISAO Corporation, which was <a href="/wiki/Corporate_spin-off" title="Corporate spin-off">spun-off</a> from Sega on November 26, 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-245" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-245"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its accompanying web browser, Dream Passport, provided the ability to connect via dial-up, browse the internet, receive and send e-mail, and chat with other users.<sup id="cite_ref-Dricas_browser_-_IW_246-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dricas_browser_-_IW-246"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dricas persisted until March 7, 2000, when the service was consolidated into ISAO's multi-platform online service, isao.net.<sup id="cite_ref-247" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-247"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>243<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Isao.net maintained online services and game servers for the Dreamcast until Sega ceased operation of the online servers for <i><a href="/wiki/Phantasy_Star_Online" title="Phantasy Star Online">Phantasy Star Online</a></i>, along with its <a href="/wiki/GameCube" title="GameCube">GameCube</a> port, on March 31, 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-248" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-248"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>244<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>SegaNet was an Internet service for <a href="/wiki/Dial-up_access" class="mw-redirect" title="Dial-up access">dial-up</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Online_game" title="Online game">online gaming</a> on the Dreamcast in the United States. The service was created by Sega in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/GTE" title="GTE">GTE</a> through its GTE Internetworking division,<sup id="cite_ref-249" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-249"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>245<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> later renamed <a href="/wiki/Genuity_(Internet_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Genuity (Internet company)">Genuity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-250" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-250"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>246<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega announced a partnership with <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Corporation" title="AT&T Corporation">AT&T</a> on August 4, 1999, making the <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_WorldNet" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T WorldNet">AT&T WorldNet</a> service the preferred ISP for Dreamcast in the United States,<sup id="cite_ref-251" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-251"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>247<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-252" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-252"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>248<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-253" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-253"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>249<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-254" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-254"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>250<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an agreement making <a href="/wiki/Excite@Home" class="mw-redirect" title="Excite@Home">Excite@Home</a> as the exclusive portal partner for SegaNet.<sup id="cite_ref-255" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-255"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>251<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-256" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-256"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>252<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-257" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-257"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>253<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> participated somewhat in the development of the service, but they terminated their relationship with Sega just a few months before its launch over differences in its direction.<sup id="cite_ref-258" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-258"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>254<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SegaNet launched on September 7, 2000,<sup id="cite_ref-259" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-259"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>255<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and originally offered a rebate for a free Dreamcast and keyboard with a two-year contract.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_260-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-260"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>256<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-261" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-261"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>257<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of the Dreamcast's discontinuation, Sega announced they would discontinue the service on July 20, 2001, less than 11 months after launch.<sup id="cite_ref-262" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-262"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>258<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Online support for Dreamcast games via SegaNet continued until 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-263" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-263"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>259<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dreamarena was a free <a href="/wiki/Dial-up" class="mw-redirect" title="Dial-up">dial-up</a>-based online gaming service provided for Dreamcast consoles in Europe, launching with the debut of the Dreamcast in Europe on October 14, 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_264-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-264"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>260<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The service was created and operated for Sega Europe by a partnership between <a href="/wiki/International_Computers_Limited" title="International Computers Limited">ICL</a>, <a href="/wiki/BT_Group" title="BT Group">BT</a> and various <a href="/wiki/ISP" class="mw-redirect" title="ISP">ISPs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_264-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-264"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>260<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-265" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-265"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>261<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The service was accessed via the DreamKey browser, which was also built into some games such as <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure_2" title="Sonic Adventure 2">Sonic Adventure 2</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_266-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-266"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>262<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the discontinuation of the Dreamcast, Sega closed Dreamarena on February 28, 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-DK3.0_-_Games_Domain_267-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DK3.0_-_Games_Domain-267"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>263<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Reception_and_legacy">Reception and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Reception and legacy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg/170px-Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="302" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="5333"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 302px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg/170px-Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="302" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg/255px-Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg/340px-Sega_Dreamcast_arcade_machine.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>A Dreamcast European retail demo kiosk is at the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Museum_of_Games" title="Finnish Museum of Games">Finnish Museum of Games</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere">Tampere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>. The video game seen on the screen is <a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure" title="Sonic Adventure">Sonic Adventure</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Sonic_the_Hedgehog_(character)" title="Sonic the Hedgehog (character)">Sonic</a> is in Mystic Ruins.</figcaption></figure> <p>In December 1999, <i><a href="/wiki/Next_Generation_(magazine)" title="Next Generation (magazine)">Next Generation</a></i> rated the Dreamcast four out of five, writing: "If you want the most powerful system available now, showcasing the best graphics at a reasonable price, this system is for you." However, <i>Next Generation</i> gave its future prognosis three out of five, noting that Sony and Nintendo were both due to release more powerful consoles.<sup id="cite_ref-NextGen214_268-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NextGen214-268"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>264<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of 2000, five <i>Electronic Gaming Monthly</i> reviewers scored the Dreamcast 8.5, 8.5, 8.5, 8.0, and 9.0 out of 10.<sup id="cite_ref-269" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-269"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>265<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2001, the <i>Electronic Gaming Monthly</i> reviewers scored it 9.0, 9.0, 9.0, 9.0, and 9.5 out of 10.<sup id="cite_ref-270" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-270"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>266<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Businessweek" class="mw-redirect" title="Businessweek">BusinessWeek</a></i> named the Dreamcast one of the best products of 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-271" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-271"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>267<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reasons cited for the failure of the Dreamcast include consumer excitement for the PS2;<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Forensic_227-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forensic-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-272" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-272"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>268<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a lack of support from EA and <a href="/wiki/Square_Enix" title="Square Enix">Squaresoft</a>, the most popular third parties in the US and Japan respectively;<sup id="cite_ref-360_will_succeed_154-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-360_will_succeed-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> disagreement among executives over Sega's future, and Okawa's lack of commitment to the product;<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega's lack of advertising money, with Bellfield doubting that Sega spent even "half" the $100 million it had pledged to promote the Dreamcast in the US;<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001573._'''Charles_Bellfield:'''_"When_you_consider_that_Microsoft_has_announced_a_$500_million_marketing_program_for_the_launch_of_Xbox_and_that_Nintendo_has_a_$5_billion_war_chest_and_the_overall_power_behind_Sony's_PlayStation_brand,_Sega_does_not_have_the_ability_to_compete_against_those_companies"_273-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001573._'''Charles_Bellfield:'''_%22When_you_consider_that_Microsoft_has_announced_a_%24500_million_marketing_program_for_the_launch_of_Xbox_and_that_Nintendo_has_a_%245_billion_war_chest_and_the_overall_power_behind_Sony's_PlayStation_brand,_Sega_does_not_have_the_ability_to_compete_against_those_companies%22-273"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>269<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that the market was not ready for online gaming;<sup id="cite_ref-Pulls_plug_134-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pulls_plug-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-360_will_succeed_154-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-360_will_succeed-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sega's focus on "hardcore" gamers over mainstream consumers;<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pulls_plug_134-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pulls_plug-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> poor timing;<sup id="cite_ref-gamasutra1_32-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamasutra1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and damage to Sega's reputation caused by its several poorly supported previous platforms.<sup id="cite_ref-360_will_succeed_154-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-360_will_succeed-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gamepro_274-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamepro-274"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-275" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-275"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>271<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i>GamePro</i>, Blake Snow wrote of "the much beloved [Dreamcast] launched years ahead of the competition but ultimately struggled to shed the negative reputation [Sega] had gained during the Saturn, Sega 32X, and <a href="/wiki/Sega_CD" title="Sega CD">Sega CD</a> days. As a result, casual gamers and jaded third-party developers doubted Sega's ability to deliver."<sup id="cite_ref-gamepro_274-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamepro-274"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Dan Whitehead noted that consumers' "wait-and-see" approach, and the lack of support from EA, were symptoms rather the cause of Sega's decline. He concluded that "Sega's misadventures during the 1990s had left both gamers and publishers wary of any new platform bearing its name".<sup id="cite_ref-Forensic_227-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forensic-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i><a href="/wiki/1UP.com" class="mw-redirect" title="1UP.com">1Up.com</a>'</i>s Jeremy Parish, it would be intellectually dishonest to blame Sony for "killing the Dreamcast by overselling the PS2", as Sega's lack of support for previous consoles had made customers hesitant to purchase Dreamcasts.<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In 2009, <i>IGN</i> named the Dreamcast the eighth-greatest video game console, praising its software and innovations, including its online play.<sup id="cite_ref-IGNGreat_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGNGreat-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, <i>PC Magazine</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Jeffrey L. Wilson named the Dreamcast the greatest console and said that it was "gone too soon".<sup id="cite_ref-PCMag_276-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PCMag-276"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>272<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, <i>Edge</i> named the Dreamcast the tenth-best console of the last 20 years, highlighting innovations including in-game voice chat, <a href="/wiki/Downloadable_content" title="Downloadable content">downloadable content</a>, and second-screen technology through the use of VMUs. <i>Edge</i> wrote that "Sega's console was undoubtedly ahead of its time, and it suffered at retail for that reason... [b]ut its influence can still be felt today."<sup id="cite_ref-Edge20_153-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edge20-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dan Whitehead of <i><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></i> likened the Dreamcast to "a small, square, white plastic <a href="/wiki/JFK" class="mw-redirect" title="JFK">JFK</a>. A progressive force in some ways, perhaps misguided in others, but nevertheless a promising life cut tragically short by dark shadowy forces, spawning complex conspiracy theories that endure to this day." He wrote that its short lifespan "may have sealed its reputation as one of the greatest consoles ever", as "nothing builds a cult like a tragic demise".<sup id="cite_ref-Forensic_227-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forensic-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i>IGN</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Travis Fahs, "Many hardware manufacturers have come and gone, but it's unlikely any will go out with half as much class as Sega."<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"></p><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>If ever a system deserved to succeed, it was Dreamcast. Dreamcast has a hell of a library. It's dying now, 18 months old, with a larger library than the 5-year-old Nintendo 64. It's a better library than the Nintendo 64. Dreamcast was a wonderful system. </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Journalist <a href="/wiki/Steven_L._Kent" title="Steven L. Kent">Steven L. Kent</a>, March 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-277" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-277"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>273<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>The Dreamcast's game library was celebrated.<sup id="cite_ref-gamepro_274-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gamepro-274"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2000, three months after the Dreamcast's North American launch, <i><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Gaming_Monthly" title="Electronic Gaming Monthly">Electronic Gaming Monthly</a></i> wrote that "with <a href="/wiki/AAA_(video_game_industry)" title="AAA (video game industry)">triple-A</a> stuff like <i>Soul Calibur</i>, <i>NBA 2K</i>, and soon <i>Crazy Taxi</i> to kick around, we figure you're happy you took the 128-bit plunge".<sup id="cite_ref-278" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-278"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>274<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a retrospective, <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Magazine">PC Magazine</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Jeffrey L. Wilson referred to Dreamcast's "killer library" and said that Sega's creative influence and visual innovation had been at its peak.<sup id="cite_ref-PCMag_276-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PCMag-276"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>272<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The staff of <i>Edge</i> agreed with this assessment of Dreamcast games, including Sega's arcade conversions, stating that the system "delivered the first games that could meaningfully be described as arcade perfect".<sup id="cite_ref-Edge20_153-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edge20-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Damien McFerran of <i><a href="/wiki/Retro_Gamer" title="Retro Gamer">Retro Gamer</a></i> praised Dreamcast's NAOMI arcade ports, and wrote: "The thrill of playing <i>Crazy Taxi</i> in the arcade knowing full well that a pixel-perfect conversion (and not some cut-down port) was set to arrive on the Dreamcast is an experience gamers are unlikely to witness again."<sup id="cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nick_Montfort" title="Nick Montfort">Nick Montfort</a> and Mia Consalvo, writing in <i>Loading... The Journal of the Canadian Game Studies Association</i>, argued that "the Dreamcast hosted a remarkable amount of video game development that went beyond the odd and unusual and is interesting when considered as <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> ... It is hard to imagine a commercial console game expressing strong resistance to the commodity perspective and to the view that game production is commerce. But even when it comes to resisting commercialization, it is arguable that Dreamcast games came closer to expressing this attitude than any other console games have."<sup id="cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avant-Garde-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>1Up.com</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Jeremy Parish favorably compared Sega's Dreamcast output, which included some of "the most varied, creative, and fun [games] the company had ever produced", with its "enervated" status as a third-party.<sup id="cite_ref-Dreamcast_memorial_64-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreamcast_memorial-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fahs noted, "The Dreamcast's life was fleeting, but it was saturated with memorable titles, most of which were completely new properties."<sup id="cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to author <a href="/wiki/Steven_L._Kent" title="Steven L. Kent">Steven L. Kent</a>, "From <i>Sonic Adventure</i> and <i>Shenmue</i> to <i>Space Channel 5</i> and <i>Seaman</i>, Dreamcast delivered and delivered and delivered."<sup id="cite_ref-Kentsite_279-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kentsite-279"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>275<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some journalists have compared the demise of the Dreamcast with changing trends in the video game industry. In <i><a href="/wiki/1001_Video_Games_You_Must_Play_Before_You_Die" title="1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die">1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die</a></i>, Duncan Harris wrote: "One of the reasons that older gamers mourned the loss of the Dreamcast was that it signaled the demise of arcade gaming culture ... Sega's console gave hope that things were not about to change for the worse and that the tenets of fast fun and bright, attractive graphics were not about to sink into a brown and green bog of realistic war games."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013434_280-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013434-280"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>276<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jeremy Parish, writing for <i><a href="/wiki/USgamer" class="mw-redirect" title="USgamer">USgamer</a></i>, contrasted the Dreamcast's diverse library with the "suffocating sense of conservatism" that pervaded the gaming industry in the following decade.<sup id="cite_ref-281" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-281"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>277<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Sega's head of product implementation, Tadashi Takezaki, the Dreamcast would have been Sega's last video game console no matter how it sold because of the changes in the market and the rise of PCs. He praised the Dreamcast for its features, saying in 2013, "The seeds we sowed with the Dreamcast are finally bearing fruit at this point in time. In some ways, we were going by the seat of our pants, but it was part of the Sega credo at the time — if it's fun, then go for it."<sup id="cite_ref-282" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-282"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>278<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dreamcast remains popular in the video game <a href="/wiki/Homebrew_(video_games)" title="Homebrew (video games)">homebrew</a> community. By 2014, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Dreamcast_homebrew_games" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Dreamcast homebrew games">unlicensed Dreamcast games</a> formatted for <a href="/wiki/MIL-CD" class="mw-redirect" title="MIL-CD">MIL-CD</a>, a multimedia-enhanced format developed by Sega and supported by the Dreamcast, continued to be released.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_186-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Sega shut down the official Dreamcast servers, hobbyists developed <a href="/wiki/Server_emulator" class="mw-redirect" title="Server emulator">private servers</a> to allow games such as <i>Phantasy Star Online</i> to continue being played online.<sup id="cite_ref-283" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-283"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>279<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-284" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-284"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>280<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hobbyists have restored online functions for 26 Dreamcast games as of 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-285" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-285"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>281<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">ドリームキャスト</span>, <a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a>: <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><i>Dorīmukyasuto</i></i></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Representatives from Ozisoft had different answers for the delay from October 25; one responded to <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i> stating that they were awaiting approval from <a href="/wiki/Telecom_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecom New Zealand">Telecom New Zealand</a> for both the console and the Internet access disc.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another said, via <i>ARN</i>, that the delay was caused by high demand for international shipping along with chip manufacturing problems resulting from the <a href="/wiki/1999_Jiji_earthquake" title="1999 Jiji earthquake">then-recent earthquake in Taiwan</a>; he also noted that Sega reallocated 50,000 Dreamcast units meant for the November 30 launch out of Australia due to heavy demand elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The full list of North American launch games includes <i><a href="/wiki/AeroWings" title="AeroWings">AeroWings</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Airforce_Delta_(video_game)" title="Airforce Delta (video game)">Airforce Delta</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Blue_Stinger" title="Blue Stinger">Blue Stinger</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Soldier:_Expendable" title="Millennium Soldier: Expendable">Expendable</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Flag_to_Flag" title="Flag to Flag">Flag to Flag</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_House_of_the_Dead_2" title="The House of the Dead 2">The House of the Dead 2</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hydro_Thunder" title="Hydro Thunder">Hydro Thunder</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Monaco_Grand_Prix_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Monaco Grand Prix (video game)">Monaco Grand Prix</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Mortal_Kombat_Gold" title="Mortal Kombat Gold">Mortal Kombat Gold</a></i>, <i>NFL 2K</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/NFL_Blitz_2000" title="NFL Blitz 2000">NFL Blitz 2000</a></i>, <i>Pen Pen TriIcelon</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Power_Stone_(video_game)" title="Power Stone (video game)">Power Stone</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ready_2_Rumble_Boxing" title="Ready 2 Rumble Boxing">Ready 2 Rumble Boxing</a></i>, <i>Sonic Adventure</i>, <i>Soulcalibur</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/TNN_Motorsports_Hardcore_Heat" title="TNN Motorsports Hardcore Heat">TNN Motorsports Hardcore Heat</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Xtreme_Racer_(video_game)" title="Tokyo Xtreme Racer (video game)">Tokyo Xtreme Racer</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/TrickStyle" title="TrickStyle">TrickStyle</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The full list of European launch games includes <i>Blue Stinger</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dynamite_Cop" title="Dynamite Cop">Dynamite Cop</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Incoming_(1998_video_game)" title="Incoming (1998 video game)">Incoming</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Soldier:_Expendable" title="Millennium Soldier: Expendable">Millennium Soldier: Expendable</a></i>, <i>Monaco Grand Prix</i>, <i>Pen Pen TriIcelon</i>, <i>Power Stone</i>, <i>Ready 2 Rumble Boxing</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sega_Rally_2" title="Sega Rally 2">Sega Rally 2</a></i>, <i>Sonic Adventure</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Speed_Devils" class="mw-redirect" title="Speed Devils">Speed Devils</a></i>, <i>TrickStyle</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Xtreme_Racer_(video_game)" title="Tokyo Xtreme Racer (video game)">Tokyo Highway Challenge</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Toy_Commander" title="Toy Commander">Toy Commander</a></i>, and <i>Virtua Fighter 3 tb</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Europe_new_release_date_-_IGN_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Europe_new_release_date_-_IGN-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241125210526/https://www.sega.jp/history/hard/column/column_06.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20241125210526/https://www.sega.jp/history/hard/column/column_06.html</a> (in Japanese) "ソフトの供給はその後も続き、セガ最後の家庭用ゲーム機『ドリームキャスト』は累計1,000万台あまりが世に送り出されました。" </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241125210526/https://www.sega.jp/history/hard/column/column_06.html">"【連載】セガハードストーリー最終回 ゲームの未来を変えた先進的ハード 『ドリームキャスト』 | セガハード大百科"</a>. <i>【連載】セガハードストーリー最終回 ゲームの未来を変えた先進的ハード 『ドリームキャスト』 | セガハード大百科</i> (in Japanese). November 05, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sega.jp/history/hard/column/column_06.html">the original</a> on November 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%90%E9%80%A3%E8%BC%89%E3%80%91%E3%82%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E6%9C%80%E7%B5%82%E5%9B%9E%E3%80%80%E3%82%B2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%81%AE%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E3%82%92%E5%A4%89%E3%81%88%E3%81%9F%E5%85%88%E9%80%B2%E7%9A%84%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89+%E3%80%8E%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%80%8F+%7C+%E3%82%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91&rft.atitle=%E3%80%90%E9%80%A3%E8%BC%89%E3%80%91%E3%82%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E6%9C%80%E7%B5%82%E5%9B%9E+%E3%82%B2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%81%AE%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E3%82%92%E5%A4%89%E3%81%88%E3%81%9F%E5%85%88%E9%80%B2%E7%9A%84%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89+%E3%80%8E%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%80%8F+%7C+%E3%82%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sega.jp%2Fhistory%2Fhard%2Fcolumn%2Fcolumn_06.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code class="cs1-code">|date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Retroinspection-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Retroinspection_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSczepaniak2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Sczepaniak, John (August 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/retro_gamer/RetroGamer_027/page/42/mode/2up">"Retroinspection: Mega Drive"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Retro_Gamer" title="Retro Gamer">Retro Gamer</a></i>. No. 27. pp. 42–47.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Retro+Gamer&rft.atitle=Retroinspection%3A+Mega+Drive&rft.issue=27&rft.pages=42-47&rft.date=2006-08&rft.aulast=Sczepaniak&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fretro_gamer%2FRetroGamer_027%2Fpage%2F42%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Routledge-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZackariassonWilsonErnkvist2012" class="citation book cs1">Zackariasson, Peter; Wilson, Timothy L.; Ernkvist, Mirko (2012). "Console Hardware: The Development of Nintendo Wii". <i>The Video Game Industry: Formation, Present State, and Future</i>. Routledge. p. 158. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1138803831" title="Special:BookSources/978-1138803831"><bdi>978-1138803831</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Console+Hardware%3A+The+Development+of+Nintendo+Wii&rft.btitle=The+Video+Game+Industry%3A+Formation%2C+Present+State%2C+and+Future&rft.pages=158&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1138803831&rft.aulast=Zackariasson&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Timothy+L.&rft.au=Ernkvist%2C+Mirko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saturn-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Saturn_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sega.jp/fb/segahard/ss/">"Sega Saturn"</a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Sega" title="Sega">Sega</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140716103105/http://sega.jp/fb/segahard/ss/">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 3,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sega+Saturn&rft.pub=Sega&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsega.jp%2Ffb%2Fsegahard%2Fss%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_History_of_Dreamcast_7-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFahs2010" class="citation web cs1">Fahs, Travis (September 9, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2010/09/10/ign-presents-the-history-of-dreamcast">"IGN Presents the History of Dreamcast"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140928201508/http://www.ign.com/articles/2010/09/10/ign-presents-the-history-of-dreamcast">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=IGN+Presents+the+History+of+Dreamcast&rft.date=2010-09-09&rft.aulast=Fahs&rft.aufirst=Travis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2010%2F09%2F10%2Fign-presents-the-history-of-dreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Finn-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Finn_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Finn_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Finn_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinn2002" class="citation book cs1">Finn, Mark (2002). "Console Games in the Age of Convergence". 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=1UP.com&rft.atitle=This+Day+in+History%3A+Sega+Announces+Surprise+Saturn+Launch&rft.date=2010-05-11&rft.aulast=Cifaldi&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1up.com%2Fnews%2Fday-history-sega-announces-surprise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001516–517-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001516%E2%80%93517_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKent2001">Kent 2001</a>, pp. 516–517.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeMariaWilson2004282-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeMariaWilson2004282_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeMariaWilson2004">DeMaria & Wilson 2004</a>, p. 282.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schilling-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Schilling_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchilling2003" class="citation journal cs1">Schilling, Mellissa A. 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M2 Communications, Ltd. July 16, 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141018032603/http://www.m2.com/m2/web/story.php/1996852568440080DDE88025683B005E7A3F">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2014. <q>Sega of America Inc. (SOA) Monday announced that <a href="/wiki/Shoichiro_Irimajiri" title="Shoichiro Irimajiri">Shoichiro Irimajiri</a> has been appointed chairman and chief executive officer. In addition, Sega announced that Bernard Stolar, previously of Sony Computer Entertainment America, has joined the company as executive vice president, responsible for product development and third-party business ... Sega also announced that Hayao Nakayama and David Rosen have resigned as chairman and co-chairman of Sega of America, respectively.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=M2PressWIRE&rft.atitle=Sega+of+America+appoints+Shoichiro+Irimajiri+chairman%2Fchief+executive+officer&rft.date=1996-07-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.m2.com%2Fm2%2Fweb%2Fstory.php%2F1996852568440080DDE88025683B005E7A3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kalinske_out-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kalinske_out_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kalinske_out_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19961220200643/http://www.next-generation.com/news/071696a.html">"Kalinske Out - WORLD EXCLUSIVE"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Next_Generation_(magazine)" title="Next Generation (magazine)">Next Generation</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Next+Generation&rft.atitle=NEWSFLASH%3A+Sega+Planning+Drastic+Management+Reshuffle+-+World+Exclusive&rft.date=1996-07-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.next-generation.com%2Fnews%2F071396a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKent2001558-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001558_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001558_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001558_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKent2001558_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKent2001">Kent 2001</a>, p. 558.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IGN's_History_of_Sega-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN's_History_of_Sega_22-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFahs,_Travis2009" class="citation web cs1">Fahs, Travis (April 21, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2009/04/21/ign-presents-the-history-of-sega?page=1">"IGN Presents the History of Sega"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141031060740/http://www.ign.com/articles/2009/04/21/ign-presents-the-history-of-sega?page=1">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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March 18, 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170705034437/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/sega-news-from-japan/1100-2462352/">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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May 1, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170705034437/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/peep-show-segas-new-console-creeps-out-of-the-shadows/1100-2466384/">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Peep+Show%3A+Sega%27s+New+Console+Creeps+Out+of+the+Shadows&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fpeep-show-segas-new-console-creeps-out-of-the-shadows%2F1100-2466384%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">* <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19970605161903/http://www.next-generation.com/news/042997b.chtml">"Black Belt from a Lockheed Perspective"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Next_Generation_(magazine)" title="Next Generation (magazine)">Next Generation</a></i>. 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February 22, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141129014052/http://www.sega-16.com/2008/02/interview-toshiyasu-morita/">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sega-16&rft.atitle=Interview%3A+Toshiyasu+Morita&rft.date=2008-02-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sega-16.com%2F2008%2F02%2Finterview-toshiyasu-morita%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-RetroinspectionD-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RetroinspectionD_31-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcFerran2008" class="citation magazine cs1">McFerran, Damien (May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2015/04/hardware_classics_sega_dreamcast">"Retroinspection: Dreamcast"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Retro_Gamer" title="Retro Gamer">Retro Gamer</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Dreamcast+is+number+8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Ftop-25-consoles%2F8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/9711/13/cyberplay.lat/">"CNN - CYBERPLAY: Sega readies for battle - November 13, 1997"</a>. <i>edition.cnn.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230520155658/http://edition.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/9711/13/cyberplay.lat/">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=edition.cnn.com&rft.atitle=CNN+-+CYBERPLAY%3A+Sega+readies+for+battle+-+November+13%2C+1997&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2FSHOWBIZ%2F9711%2F13%2Fcyberplay.lat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9805/21/sega_dreamcast/index.html">"CNN - Sega unveils new Dreamcast game console - May. 21, 1998"</a>. <i>edition.cnn.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230520155656/http://edition.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9805/21/sega_dreamcast/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=edition.cnn.com&rft.atitle=CNN+-+Sega+unveils+new+Dreamcast+game+console+-+May.+21%2C+1998&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2FTECH%2Fcomputing%2F9805%2F21%2Fsega_dreamcast%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzczepaniak2014" class="citation book cs1">Szczepaniak, John (2014). <i>The Untold History of Japanese Game Developers: Volume 1</i>. SMG Szczepaniak. p. 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0992926007" title="Special:BookSources/978-0992926007"><bdi>978-0992926007</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Untold+History+of+Japanese+Game+Developers%3A+Volume+1&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=SMG+Szczepaniak&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0992926007&rft.aulast=Szczepaniak&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFExtension2024" class="citation web cs1">Extension, Time (January 15, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeextension.com/features/who-created-dreamcasts-logo-we-spent-a-year-trying-to-find-out">"Who Created Dreamcast's Logo? 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+Extension&rft.atitle=Who+Created+Dreamcast%27s+Logo%3F+We+Spent+A+Year+Trying+To+Find+Out&rft.date=2024-01-15&rft.aulast=Extension&rft.aufirst=Time&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeextension.com%2Ffeatures%2Fwho-created-dreamcasts-logo-we-spent-a-year-trying-to-find-out&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kaisendon.seesaa.net/article/415303951.html">"プジョーの社長、セガを語る(3)"</a>. <i>あなたの知らない方が良かった世界</i> (in Japanese). March 9, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240116001713/https://kaisendon.seesaa.net/article/415303951.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 16, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E3%81%82%E3%81%AA%E3%81%9F%E3%81%AE%E7%9F%A5%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E6%96%B9%E3%81%8C%E8%89%AF%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C&rft.atitle=%E3%83%97%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AE%E7%A4%BE%E9%95%B7%E3%80%81%E3%82%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%82%92%E8%AA%9E%E3%82%8B%EF%BC%88%EF%BC%93%EF%BC%89&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkaisendon.seesaa.net%2Farticle%2F415303951.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSatoKennedy2000" class="citation web cs1">Sato, Yukiyoshi Ike; Kennedy, Sam (January 6, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121018192858/http://uk.gamespot.com/news/interview-with-kenji-eno-2446022">"Interview with Kenji Eno"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Interview+with+Kenji+Eno&rft.date=2000-01-06&rft.aulast=Sato&rft.aufirst=Yukiyoshi+Ike&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.gamespot.com%2Fnews%2Finterview-with-kenji-eno-2446022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/1998/08/27/interview-with-segas-boss-shoichiro-irimajiri">"Interview with Sega's Boss: Shoichiro Irimajiri"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Interview+with+Sega%27s+Boss%3A+Shoichiro+Irimajiri&rft.date=1998-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F1998%2F08%2F27%2Finterview-with-segas-boss-shoichiro-irimajiri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-G4_GM-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-G4_GM_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121040744/http://www.g4tv.com/gamemakers/episodes/1259/Sega_Dreamcast.html">"Sega Dreamcast"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Game_Makers" title="Game Makers"><i>Game Makers</i></a>. Episode 302. Los Angeles. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Sonic+Onboard+Dreamcast&rft.date=1998-07-16&rft.aulast=Obuchi&rft.aufirst=Yutaka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fsonic-onboard-dreamcast%2F1100-2464382%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"International News: Sonic Rocks Tokyo". <i><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Gaming_Monthly" title="Electronic Gaming Monthly">Electronic Gaming Monthly</a></i>. Vol. 10, no. 112. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2014</span> – via <a href="/wiki/The_Free_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="The Free Library">The Free Library</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kyodo+News+International%2C+Inc.&rft.atitle=Toyota+to+market+Sega%27s+Dreamcast&rft.date=1999-01-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FToyota%2Bto%2Bmarket%2BSega%2527s%2BDreamcast%252B.-a053901141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJustice2000" class="citation web cs1">Justice, Brandon (June 29, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2000/06/30/sega-reveals-details-on-sega-sports-pack">"Sega Reveals Details on Sega Sports Pack"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141121071621/http://www.ign.com/articles/2000/06/30/sega-reveals-details-on-sega-sports-pack">Archived</a> from the original on November 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Sega+Reveals+Details+on+Sega+Sports+Pack&rft.date=2000-06-29&rft.aulast=Justice&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2000%2F06%2F30%2Fsega-reveals-details-on-sega-sports-pack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edge20-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Edge20_153-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edge20_153-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edge20_153-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141128181657/http://www.edge-online.com/features/the-ten-best-consoles-the-greatest-gameboxes-from-the-past-20-years/">"The ten best consoles: our countdown of the greatest game boxes of the last 20 years"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Edge_(magazine)" title="Edge (magazine)">Edge</a></i>. September 20, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edge-online.com/features/the-ten-best-consoles-the-greatest-gameboxes-from-the-past-20-years/">the original</a> on November 28, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Edge&rft.atitle=The+ten+best+consoles%3A+our+countdown+of+the+greatest+game+boxes+of+the+last+20+years&rft.date=2013-09-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edge-online.com%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-ten-best-consoles-the-greatest-gameboxes-from-the-past-20-years%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-360_will_succeed-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-360_will_succeed_154-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-360_will_succeed_154-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-360_will_succeed_154-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-360_will_succeed_154-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKennedy" class="citation web cs1">Kennedy, Sam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1up.com/do/feature?pager.offset=1&cId=3145154">"Dreamcast 2.0: 10 reasons why the Xbox 360 will succeed where the Dreamcast failed"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/1Up.com" class="mw-redirect" title="1Up.com">1Up.com</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208064454/http://www.1up.com/do/feature?pager.offset=1&cId=3145154">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=1Up.com&rft.atitle=Dreamcast+2.0%3A+10+reasons+why+the+Xbox+360+will+succeed+where+the+Dreamcast+failed&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1up.com%2Fdo%2Ffeature%3Fpager.offset%3D1%26cId%3D3145154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20001025165615/http://www.gameinformer.com/reviews/review_detail.cfm?ITEM_ID=4233">"<i>Marvel Vs. Capcom</i>-Dreamcast"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Game_Informer" title="Game Informer">Game Informer</a></i>. October 28, 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gameinformer.com/reviews/review_detail.cfm?ITEM_ID=4233">the original</a> on October 25, 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Game+Informer&rft.atitle=Marvel+Vs.+Capcom-Dreamcast&rft.date=1999-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gameinformer.com%2Freviews%2Freview_detail.cfm%3FITEM_ID%3D4233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2001/01/06/the-xbox-controller">"The Xbox Controller"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. January 5, 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141105024234/http://www.ign.com/articles/2001/01/06/the-xbox-controller">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=The+Xbox+Controller&rft.date=2001-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2001%2F01%2F06%2Fthe-xbox-controller&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pc2jamma.mameworld.info/arc_dc4.html">"Dreamcast to JAMMA Project"</a>. <i>pc2jamma.mameworld.info</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221124215855/https://pc2jamma.mameworld.info/arc_dc4.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pc2jamma.mameworld.info&rft.atitle=Dreamcast+to+JAMMA+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpc2jamma.mameworld.info%2Farc_dc4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.benheck.com/inside-the-dualshock-3-controller/">"Inside the Dualshock 3 controller | Web Portal for Benjamin J Heckendorn"</a>. March 22, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221124215855/https://www.benheck.com/inside-the-dualshock-3-controller/">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inside+the+Dualshock+3+controller+%7C+Web+Portal+for+Benjamin+J+Heckendorn&rft.date=2008-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.benheck.com%2Finside-the-dualshock-3-controller%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmos2021" class="citation book cs1">Amos, Evan (September 8, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-KAiEAAAQBAJ&q=hall+effect&pg=PA195"><i>The Game Console 2.0: A Photographic History from Atari to Xbox</i></a>. No Starch Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-7185-0061-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-7185-0061-7"><bdi>978-1-7185-0061-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231125155144/https://books.google.com/books?id=-KAiEAAAQBAJ&q=hall%20effect&pg=PA195">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Game+Console+2.0%3A+A+Photographic+History+from+Atari+to+Xbox&rft.pub=No+Starch+Press&rft.date=2021-09-08&rft.isbn=978-1-7185-0061-7&rft.aulast=Amos&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-KAiEAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dhall%2Beffect%26pg%3DPA195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BW_Peripherals-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BW_Peripherals_160-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BW_Peripherals_160-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BW_Peripherals_160-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BW_Peripherals_160-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Sega+Dreamcast+Launch+Titles+and+Peripherals.-a055638174">"Sega Dreamcast Launch Titles and Peripherals"</a>. <i>BusinessWire</i>. September 2, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141207174909/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Sega+Dreamcast+Launch+Titles+and+Peripherals.-a055638174">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BusinessWire&rft.atitle=Sega+Dreamcast+Launch+Titles+and+Peripherals&rft.date=1999-09-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FSega%2BDreamcast%2BLaunch%2BTitles%2Band%2BPeripherals.-a055638174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChau2001" class="citation web cs1">Chau, Anthony (May 23, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2001/05/23/confidential-mission">"<i>Confidential Mission</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141207112421/http://www.ign.com/articles/2001/05/23/confidential-mission">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2014</span>. <q>Unfortunately, if you have the Japanese DC light gun, <i><a href="/wiki/Confidential_Mission" title="Confidential Mission">Confidential Mission</a></i> will only work with US third party light guns.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Confidential+Mission&rft.date=2001-05-23&rft.aulast=Chau&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2001%2F05%2F23%2Fconfidential-mission&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soothsayer-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soothsayer_162-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedsell2012" class="citation web cs1">Redsell, Adam (May 20, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2012/05/20/sega-a-soothsayer-of-the-games-industry">"Sega: A Soothsayer of the Games Industry"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131012022048/http://www.ign.com/articles/2012/05/20/sega-a-soothsayer-of-the-games-industry">Archived</a> from the original on October 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Sega%3A+A+Soothsayer+of+the+Games+Industry&rft.date=2012-05-20&rft.aulast=Redsell&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2012%2F05%2F20%2Fsega-a-soothsayer-of-the-games-industry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGantayat2000" class="citation web cs1">Gantayat, Anoop (June 5, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2000/06/06/virtual-on-oratorio-tangram">"<i>Virtual On: Oratorio Tangram</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141207112920/http://www.ign.com/articles/2000/06/06/virtual-on-oratorio-tangram">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Virtual+On%3A+Oratorio+Tangram&rft.date=2000-06-05&rft.aulast=Gantayat&rft.aufirst=Anoop&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2000%2F06%2F06%2Fvirtual-on-oratorio-tangram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dreamcast_jogo-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dreamcast_jogo_164-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOliveira1999" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Oliveira, Otavio Dias de (September 11, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://acervo2.folha.com.br/2/19/9/61/610919/1024/610919.png">"Sega Dreamcast estoura nas lojas"</a>. <i>Folha de S.Paulo</i> (in Portuguese). Vol. 79, no. 25728. São Paulo: Grupo Folha. pp. 5–3. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1414-5723">1414-5723</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303194536/http://acervo2.folha.com.br/2/19/9/61/610919/1024/610919.png">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Folha+de+S.Paulo&rft.atitle=Sega+Dreamcast+estoura+nas+lojas&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=25728&rft.pages=5-3&rft.date=1999-09-11&rft.issn=1414-5723&rft.aulast=Oliveira&rft.aufirst=Otavio+Dias+de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Facervo2.folha.com.br%2F2%2F19%2F9%2F61%2F610919%2F1024%2F610919.png&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarless2004" class="citation book cs1">Carless, Simon (2004). <i>Gaming Hacks: 100 Industrial-Strength Tips & Tools</i>. <a href="/wiki/O%27Reilly_Media" title="O'Reilly Media">O'Reilly Media</a>. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0596007140" title="Special:BookSources/978-0596007140"><bdi>978-0596007140</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gaming+Hacks%3A+100+Industrial-Strength+Tips+%26+Tools&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=O%27Reilly+Media&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0596007140&rft.aulast=Carless&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:62-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:62_166-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2000" class="citation news cs1">Williams, Martyn (June 12, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/06/12/sega.broadband.idg/index.html">"Sega to launch broadband service in Japan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200626124624/https://www.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/06/12/sega.broadband.idg/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Dreamcast+Broadband+Adapter+Will+Be+Available+Online&rft.date=2001-01-04&rft.aulast=Satterfield&rft.aufirst=Shane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fdreamcast-broadband-adapter-will-be-available-online%2F1100-2671025%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2001" class="citation web cs1">Ahmed, Shahed (January 11, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamespot.com/articles/sega-releases-the-dreamcast-broadband-adapter/1100-2673469/">"Sega Releases the Dreamcast Broadband Adapter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Interactive">CBS Interactive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200626114941/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/sega-releases-the-dreamcast-broadband-adapter/1100-2673469/">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Sega+Releases+the+Dreamcast+Broadband+Adapter&rft.date=2001-01-11&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Shahed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fsega-releases-the-dreamcast-broadband-adapter%2F1100-2673469%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:8_169-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlafson2001" class="citation news cs1">Olafson, Peter (January 25, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/25/technology/news-watch-faster-modem-makes-gamers-quicker-on-the-trigger.html">"NEWS WATCH; Faster Modem Makes Gamers Quicker on the Trigger"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200626140919/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/25/technology/news-watch-faster-modem-makes-gamers-quicker-on-the-trigger.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=NEWS+WATCH%3B+Faster+Modem+Makes+Gamers+Quicker+on+the+Trigger&rft.date=2001-01-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Olafson&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F01%2F25%2Ftechnology%2Fnews-watch-faster-modem-makes-gamers-quicker-on-the-trigger.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Avant-Garde-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avant-Garde_170-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMontfortConsalvo" class="citation journal cs1">Montfort, Nick; Consalvo, Mia. 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March 6, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141207112545/http://www.ign.com/articles/2000/03/07/igndc-talks-dreameye-with-sega">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=IGNDC+Talks+Dreameye+with+Sega&rft.date=2000-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2000%2F03%2F07%2Figndc-talks-dreameye-with-sega&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IGN_VMU-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_VMU_172-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGN_VMU_172-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/1999/08/14/dreamcast-vmu">"Dreamcast VMU"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Dreamcast+VMU&rft.date=1999-08-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F1999%2F08%2F14%2Fdreamcast-vmu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vintage-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vintage_173-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vintage_173-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vintage_173-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoguidiceBarton2014" class="citation book cs1">Loguidice, Bill; Barton, Matt (2014). <i>Vintage Game Consoles: An Inside Look at Apple, Atari, Commodore, Nintendo, and the Greatest Gaming Platforms of All Time</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=GameSpot+Sports+Classic+-+NFL+2K&rft.date=2005-08-02&rft.aulast=Ekberg&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fgamespot-sports-classic-nfl-2k%2F1100-6130024%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Directory". <i>Dreamcast Magazine</i>. No. 34. <a href="/wiki/Paragon_Publishing" title="Paragon Publishing">Paragon Publishing</a>. 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Sebastopol, CA: <a href="/wiki/O%27Reilly_Media" title="O'Reilly Media">O'Reilly Media</a>. p. 195. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-596-00714-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-596-00714-0"><bdi>978-0-596-00714-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202658/https://books.google.com/books?id=zrqz84QUuSEC&pg=PA195">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2021</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gaming+Hacks&rft.place=Sebastopol%2C+CA&rft.pages=195&rft.pub=O%27Reilly+Media&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-596-00714-0&rft.aulast=Carless&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzrqz84QUuSEC%26pg%3DPA195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGantayat2000" class="citation web cs1">Gantayat, Anoop (November 7, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/11/08/dc-x-for-dreamcast">"DC-X for Dreamcast"</a>. <i>IGN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203539/https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/11/08/dc-x-for-dreamcast">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=DC-X+for+Dreamcast&rft.date=2000-11-07&rft.aulast=Gantayat&rft.aufirst=Anoop&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2000%2F11%2F08%2Fdc-x-for-dreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStuart2016" class="citation web cs1">Stuart, Keith (May 23, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-05-21-that-time-i-was-blacklisted-by-sega-while-editing-a-sega-magazine">"That time I was blacklisted by Sega while editing a Sega magazine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Gamer_Network" title="Gamer Network">Gamer Network</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200855/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-05-21-that-time-i-was-blacklisted-by-sega-while-editing-a-sega-magazine">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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September 9, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130306184353/http://www.gamesradar.com/best-dreamcast-games-all-time/">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GamesRadar%2B&rft.atitle=Best+Dreamcast+games+of+all+time&rft.date=2014-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgamesradar.com%2Fbest-dreamcast-games-all-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJustice2000" class="citation web cs1">Justice, Brandon (March 7, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2000/03/08/chu-chu-rocket-3">"<i>Chu Chu Rocket</i>"</a>. <i>IGN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141031030941/http://www.ign.com/articles/2000/03/08/chu-chu-rocket-3">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Chu+Chu+Rocket&rft.date=2000-03-07&rft.aulast=Justice&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2000%2F03%2F08%2Fchu-chu-rocket-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJay2000" class="citation magazine cs1">Jay (May 2, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20001205110200/http://gameinformer.com/reviews/review_detail.cfm?ITEM_ID=4512">"<i>Chu Chu Rocket</i>-Dreamcast"</a>. <i>Game Informer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gameinformer.com/reviews/review_detail.cfm?ITEM_ID=4512">the original</a> on December 5, 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2014</span>. <q>I consider it the best and most original puzzle game since <i><a href="/wiki/Tetris" title="Tetris">Tetris</a></i>.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Game+Informer&rft.atitle=Chu+Chu+Rocket-Dreamcast&rft.date=2000-05-02&rft.au=Jay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgameinformer.com%2Freviews%2Freview_detail.cfm%3FITEM_ID%3D4512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNutt1999" class="citation web cs1">Nutt, Christian (December 13, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090915212624/http://www.gamespot.com/dreamcast/puzzle/chuchurocket/review.html">"<i>ChuChu Rocket!</i> Review"</a>. <i>GameSpot</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/dreamcast/puzzle/chuchurocket/review.html?">the original</a> on September 15, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=ChuChu+Rocket%21+Review&rft.date=1999-12-13&rft.aulast=Nutt&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Fdreamcast%2Fpuzzle%2Fchuchurocket%2Freview.html%3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013385-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013385_201-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMott2013">Mott 2013</a>, p. 385.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/game/samba-de-amigo/critic-reviews/?platform=dreamcast">"<i>Samba de Amigo</i> (Dreamcast)"</a>. <i>Metacritic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150117132704/http://www.metacritic.com/game/dreamcast/samba-de-amigo">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=Samba+de+Amigo+%28Dreamcast%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fgame%2Fsamba-de-amigo%2Fcritic-reviews%2F%3Fplatform%3Ddreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJustice2000" class="citation web cs1">Justice, Brandon (October 18, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2000/10/19/samba-de-amigo">"<i>Samba De Amigo</i>"</a>. <i>IGN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141104113115/http://www.ign.com/articles/2000/10/19/samba-de-amigo">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Samba+De+Amigo&rft.date=2000-10-18&rft.aulast=Justice&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2000%2F10%2F19%2Fsamba-de-amigo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerstmann2000" class="citation web cs1">Gerstmann, Jeff (June 16, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/samba-de-amigo-review/1900-2589601/">"<i>Samba De Amigo</i> Review"</a>. <i>GameSpot</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131109125013/http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/samba-de-amigo-review/1900-2589601/">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Samba+De+Amigo+Review&rft.date=2000-06-16&rft.aulast=Gerstmann&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Freviews%2Fsamba-de-amigo-review%2F1900-2589601%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013405-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013405_203-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMott2013">Mott 2013</a>, p. 405.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For a negative review, see <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReiner2000" class="citation magazine cs1">Reiner (December 2000). "<i>Samba de Amigo</i>". <i>Game Informer</i>. Vol. 10, no. 92. p. 124.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Game+Informer&rft.atitle=Samba+de+Amigo&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=92&rft.pages=124&rft.date=2000-12&rft.au=Reiner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Retro Reviews: <i>Samba de Amigo</i>". <i>Game Informer</i>. Vol. 18, no. 178. February 2008. p. 110.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Game+Informer&rft.atitle=Retro+Reviews%3A+Samba+de+Amigo&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=178&rft.pages=110&rft.date=2008-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013435-205"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013435_205-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMott2013">Mott 2013</a>, p. 435.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParish" class="citation web cs1">Parish, Jeremy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121020055941/http://www.1up.com/do/feature?pager.offset=1&cId=3178082">"The Decade That Was: Essential Newcomers: <i>Phantasy Star Online</i>"</a>. <i>1UP.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1up.com/do/feature?pager.offset=1&cId=3178082">the original</a> on October 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=1UP.com&rft.atitle=The+Decade+That+Was%3A+Essential+Newcomers%3A+Phantasy+Star+Online&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1up.com%2Fdo%2Ffeature%3Fpager.offset%3D1%26cId%3D3178082&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOestreicher2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Oestreicher, Jason (July 4, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305004007/http://www.gameinformer.com/themes/blogs/generic/post.aspx?WeblogApp=features&y=2013&m=07&d=05&WeblogPostID=3150706&GroupKeys=">"Time Sinks-<i>Phantasy Star Online</i>"</a>. <i>Game Informer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gameinformer.com/themes/blogs/generic/post.aspx?WeblogApp=features&y=2013&m=07&d=05&WeblogPostID=3150706&GroupKeys=">the original</a> on March 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>. <q>Certainly, by today's standards, it was rudimentary and repetitive. But at the same time, it was revolutionary.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Game+Informer&rft.atitle=Time+Sinks-Phantasy+Star+Online&rft.date=2013-07-04&rft.aulast=Oestreicher&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gameinformer.com%2Fthemes%2Fblogs%2Fgeneric%2Fpost.aspx%3FWeblogApp%3Dfeatures%26y%3D2013%26m%3D07%26d%3D05%26WeblogPostID%3D3150706%26GroupKeys%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141129031406/http://www.edge-online.com/features/retrospective-phantasy-star-online/">"Retrospective: <i>Phantasy Star Online</i>"</a>. <i>Edge</i>. June 15, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edge-online.com/features/retrospective-phantasy-star-online/">the original</a> on November 29, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Edge&rft.atitle=Retrospective%3A+Phantasy+Star+Online&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edge-online.com%2Ffeatures%2Fretrospective-phantasy-star-online%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GamaInterview-207"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GamaInterview_207-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCifaldi2005" class="citation web cs1">Cifaldi, Frank (May 20, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160419113852/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/2310/e3_report_the_path_to_creating_.php">"E3 Report: The Path to Creating AAA Games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gamasutra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamasutra">Gamasutra</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/UBM_TechWeb" class="mw-redirect" title="UBM TechWeb">UBM TechWeb</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/2310/e3_report_the_path_to_creating_.php">the original</a> on April 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gamasutra&rft.atitle=E3+Report%3A+The+Path+to+Creating+AAA+Games&rft.date=2005-05-20&rft.aulast=Cifaldi&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamasutra.com%2Fview%2Ffeature%2F2310%2Fe3_report_the_path_to_creating_.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMott2013410-208"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMott2013410_208-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMott2013">Mott 2013</a>, p. 410.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">*<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHegelson2002" class="citation magazine cs1">Hegelson, Matt (September 2002). "<i>Tennis 2K2</i>". <i><a href="/wiki/Game_Informer" title="Game Informer">Game Informer</a></i>. Vol. 12, no. 113. p. 81.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Game+Informer&rft.atitle=Tennis+2K2&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=113&rft.pages=81&rft.date=2002-09&rft.aulast=Hegelson&rft.aufirst=Matt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen2000" class="citation web cs1">Chen, Jeff (July 7, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/2000/07/08/virtua-tennis-sega-professional-tennis">"<i>Virtua Tennis: Sega Professional Tennis</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141024093255/http://www.ign.com/articles/2000/07/08/virtua-tennis-sega-professional-tennis">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Virtua+Tennis%3A+Sega+Professional+Tennis&rft.date=2000-07-07&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F2000%2F07%2F08%2Fvirtua-tennis-sega-professional-tennis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerstmann2000" class="citation web cs1">Gerstmann, Jeff (July 10, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/virtua-tennis-review/1900-2601195/">"<i>Virtua Tennis</i> Review"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140218004029/http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/virtua-tennis-review/1900-2601195/">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Virtua+Tennis+Review&rft.date=2000-07-10&rft.aulast=Gerstmann&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Freviews%2Fvirtua-tennis-review%2F1900-2601195%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReed2002" class="citation web cs1">Reed, Kristan (November 19, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/r_virtuatennis2_ps2">"<i>Virtua Tennis 2</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141104120351/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/r_virtuatennis2_ps2">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurogamer&rft.atitle=Virtua+Tennis+2&rft.date=2002-11-19&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=Kristan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurogamer.net%2Farticles%2Fr_virtuatennis2_ps2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/game/virtua-tennis/critic-reviews/?platform=dreamcast">"<i>Virtua Tennis</i> (Dreamcast)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150117164425/http://www.metacritic.com/game/dreamcast/virtua-tennis">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=NFL+2K1+%28Dreamcast%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fgame%2Fnfl-2k1%2Fcritic-reviews%2F%3Fplatform%3Ddreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/game/nfl-2k2/critic-reviews/?platform=dreamcast">"<i>NFL 2K2</i> (Dreamcast)"</a>. <i>Metacritic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140910232551/http://www.metacritic.com/game/dreamcast/nfl-2k2">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=NFL+2K2+%28Dreamcast%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fgame%2Fnfl-2k2%2Fcritic-reviews%2F%3Fplatform%3Ddreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/game/nba-2k1/critic-reviews/?platform=dreamcast">"<i>NBA 2K1</i> (Dreamcast)"</a>. <i>Metacritic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150117164423/http://www.metacritic.com/game/dreamcast/nba-2k1">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=NBA+2K1+%28Dreamcast%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fgame%2Fnba-2k1%2Fcritic-reviews%2F%3Fplatform%3Ddreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/game/nba-2k2/critic-reviews/?platform=dreamcast">"<i>NBA 2K2</i> (Dreamcast)"</a>. <i>Metacritic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150117164432/http://www.metacritic.com/game/dreamcast/nba-2k2">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=NBA+2K2+%28Dreamcast%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fgame%2Fnba-2k2%2Fcritic-reviews%2F%3Fplatform%3Ddreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/articles/best-launch-titles/1100-6134761/">"Best Launch Titles"</a>. <i>GameSpot</i>. September 30, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141025042312/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/best-launch-titles/1100-6134761/">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Best+Launch+Titles&rft.date=2005-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fbest-launch-titles%2F1100-6134761%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKato2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Kato, Matthew (February 2012). "Which Game Console Had the Best Launch Lineup? We Look Back to Find Out". <i>Game Informer</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurogamer&rft.atitle=Dreamcast%3A+A+Forensic+Retrospective&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft.aulast=Whitehead&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurogamer.net%2Farticles%2Fdreamcast-a-forensic-retrospective-article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKatoReiner2003" class="citation magazine cs1">Kato; Reiner (September 2003). "<i>ESPN NFL Football</i>". <i>Game Informer</i>. Vol. 13, no. 125. p. 106. <q><i>Madden</i> has become a deeper simulation, but it hasn't evolved to the degree that Sega's title has. <i>ESPN NFL Football</i> is jam-packed with new features, innovative ideas, and must-see elements. First-person football sounds like a nightmare, but Sega figured out a way to make it work.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Game+Informer&rft.atitle=ESPN+NFL+Football&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=125&rft.pages=106&rft.date=2003-09&rft.au=Kato&rft.au=Reiner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBissell2012" class="citation web cs1">Bissell, Tom (January 26, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grantland.com/features/tom-bissell-making-madden-nfl/">"Kickoff: <i>Madden NFL</i> and the Future of Video Game Sports"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Grantland" title="Grantland">Grantland</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141105105907/http://grantland.com/features/tom-bissell-making-madden-nfl/">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Grantland&rft.atitle=Kickoff%3A+Madden+NFL+and+the+Future+of+Video+Game+Sports&rft.date=2012-01-26&rft.aulast=Bissell&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgrantland.com%2Ffeatures%2Ftom-bissell-making-madden-nfl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeldmanSurette2004" class="citation web cs1">Feldman, Curt; Surette, Tim (December 13, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/articles/big-deal-ea-and-nfl-ink-exclusive-licensing-agreement/1100-6114977/">"Big Deal: EA and NFL ink exclusive licensing agreement"</a>. <i>GameSpot</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113140107/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/big-deal-ea-and-nfl-ink-exclusive-licensing-agreement/1100-6114977/">Archived</a> from the original on November 13, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Big+Deal%3A+EA+and+NFL+ink+exclusive+licensing+agreement&rft.date=2004-12-13&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Curt&rft.au=Surette%2C+Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fbig-deal-ea-and-nfl-ink-exclusive-licensing-agreement%2F1100-6114977%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20050124006080/en/SEGA-Sells-Visual-Concepts-Entertainment-Take-Two-Interactive#.VFkr9vldVSQ">"SEGA Sells Visual Concepts Entertainment to Take-Two Interactive"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=Ooga+Booga+%28Dreamcast%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fgame%2Fooga-booga%2Fcritic-reviews%2F%3Fplatform%3Ddreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2015/04/hardware_classics_sega_dreamcast">"Hardware Classics: Sega Dreamcast"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Nintendo Life">Nintendo Life</a></i>. 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June 21, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203350/https://www.ign.com/articles/1999/06/22/the-pc-predicament-an-in-depth-look-at-pc-ports-on-the-dreamcast">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=The+PC+Predicament%3A+An+In-Depth+Look+at+PC+Ports+on+the+Dreamcast&rft.date=1999-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F1999%2F06%2F22%2Fthe-pc-predicament-an-in-depth-look-at-pc-ports-on-the-dreamcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19991010024757/https://dreamcast.ign.com/news/8528.html">"The PC Predicament: Part 2 - Sega speaks on PC to Dreamcast development"</a>. <i>IGN</i>. June 21, 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dreamcast.ign.com/news/8528.html">the original</a> on October 10, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=The+PC+Predicament%3A+Part+2+-+Sega+speaks+on+PC+to+Dreamcast+development&rft.date=1999-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdreamcast.ign.com%2Fnews%2F8528.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20001203142900/http://gameinformer.com/reviews/review_detail.cfm?ITEM_ID=4179">"<i>Toy Commander</i>-Dreamcast"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Game_Informer" title="Game Informer">Game Informer</a></i>. October 25, 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gameinformer.com/reviews/review_detail.cfm?ITEM_ID=4179">the original</a> on December 3, 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Game+Informer&rft.atitle=Toy+Commander-Dreamcast&rft.date=1999-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgameinformer.com%2Freviews%2Freview_detail.cfm%3FITEM_ID%3D4179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span> cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJustice1999" class="citation web cs1">Justice, Brandon (November 4, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ign.com/articles/1999/11/05/toy-commander">"<i>Toy Commander</i>"</a>. <i>IGN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141024084840/http://www.ign.com/articles/1999/11/05/toy-commander">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Toy+Commander&rft.date=1999-11-04&rft.aulast=Justice&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fign.com%2Farticles%2F1999%2F11%2F05%2Ftoy-commander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141105084730/http://www.edge-online.com/features/the-making-of-metropolis-street-racer/">"The Making Of: <i>Metropolis Street Racer</i>"</a>. <i>Edge</i>. October 7, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edge-online.com/features/the-making-of-metropolis-street-racer/">the original</a> on November 5, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Edge&rft.atitle=The+Making+Of%3A+Metropolis+Street+Racer&rft.date=2012-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edge-online.com%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-making-of-metropolis-street-racer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dreamcast_Dozen-240"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dreamcast_Dozen_240-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dreamcast_Dozen_240-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitehead2009" class="citation web cs1">Whitehead, Dan (January 2, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/the-dreamcast-dozen-article">"The Dreamcast Dozen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141104120302/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/the-dreamcast-dozen-article">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dricas.com/main/index.html">the original</a> on June 20, 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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April 4, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200626012711/https://segaretro.org/Press_release:_2000-04-04:_Sega_Announces_Formation_of_New_Company,_Sega.com,_Inc.">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sega+isn%27t+playing+around+with+SegaNet&rft.date=2000-09-11&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2000%2FTECH%2Fcomputing%2F09%2F11%2Fsega.online.idg%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-260"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:9_260-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/04/technology/sega-to-unveil-online-gaming-strategy.html">"Sega to Unveil Online Gaming Strategy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Polygon&rft.atitle=Why+did+the+Dreamcast+fail%3F+Sega%27s+marketing+veteran+looks+back&rft.date=2013-08-07&rft.aulast=Gifford&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.polygon.com%2F2013%2F8%2F7%2F4599588%2Fwhy-did-the-dreamcast-fail-segas-marketing-veteran-looks-back&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFenlon2017" class="citation news cs1">Fenlon, Wes (April 14, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcgamer.com/phantasy-star-online-will-never-die-how-the-nicest-fans-in-gaming-keep-a-16-year-old-mmo-alive/">"Phantasy Star Online will never die: how the nicest fans in gaming keep a 16-year-old MMO alive"</a>. <i>PC Gamer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121000017/http://www.pcgamer.com/phantasy-star-online-will-never-die-how-the-nicest-fans-in-gaming-keep-a-16-year-old-mmo-alive/">Archived</a> from the original on January 21, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+Gamer&rft.atitle=Phantasy+Star+Online+will+never+die%3A+how+the+nicest+fans+in+gaming+keep+a+16-year-old+MMO+alive&rft.date=2017-04-14&rft.aulast=Fenlon&rft.aufirst=Wes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcgamer.com%2Fphantasy-star-online-will-never-die-how-the-nicest-fans-in-gaming-keep-a-16-year-old-mmo-alive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitehead2009" class="citation web cs1">Whitehead, Dan (February 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurogamer.net/the-dreamcast-dozen-article">"The Dreamcast Dozen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231126062443/https://www.eurogamer.net/the-dreamcast-dozen-article">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 17,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurogamer&rft.atitle=The+Dreamcast+Dozen&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.aulast=Whitehead&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurogamer.net%2Fthe-dreamcast-dozen-article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-285"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-285">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYarwood2023" class="citation web cs1">Yarwood, Jack (July 17, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/07/daytona-usa-for-the-dreamcast-is-now-back-online-thanks-to-fans">"Daytona USA For The Dreamcast Is Now Back Online, Thanks To Fans"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Extension" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Extension">Time Extension</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230717193236/https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/07/daytona-usa-for-the-dreamcast-is-now-back-online-thanks-to-fans">Archived</a> from the original on July 17, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+Extension&rft.atitle=Daytona+USA+For+The+Dreamcast+Is+Now+Back+Online%2C+Thanks+To+Fans&rft.date=2023-07-17&rft.aulast=Yarwood&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeextension.com%2Fnews%2F2023%2F07%2Fdaytona-usa-for-the-dreamcast-is-now-back-online-thanks-to-fans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMott2013" class="citation book cs1">Mott, Tony (2013). <a href="/wiki/1001_Video_Games_You_Must_Play_Before_You_Die" title="1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die"><i>1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die</i></a>. New York City: Universe Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7893-2090-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7893-2090-2"><bdi>978-0-7893-2090-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1001+Video+Games+You+Must+Play+Before+You+Die&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Universe+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-7893-2090-2&rft.aulast=Mott&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeMariaWilson2004" class="citation book cs1">DeMaria, Rusel; Wilson, Johnny L. (2004). <i>High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games</i>. Emeryville, California: McGraw-Hill/Osborne. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-07-223172-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-07-223172-4"><bdi>978-0-07-223172-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=High+Score%21%3A+The+Illustrated+History+of+Electronic+Games&rft.place=Emeryville%2C+California&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill%2FOsborne&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-07-223172-4&rft.aulast=DeMaria&rft.aufirst=Rusel&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Johnny+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKent2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Steven_L._Kent" title="Steven L. Kent">Kent, Steven L.</a> (2001). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_History_of_Video_Games:_The_Story_Behind_the_Craze_that_Touched_our_Lives_and_Changed_the_World" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ultimate History of Video Games: The Story Behind the Craze that Touched our Lives and Changed the World">The Ultimate History of Video Games: The Story Behind the Craze that Touched our Lives and Changed the World</a></i>. Roseville, California: <a href="/wiki/Prima_Games" title="Prima Games">Prima Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7615-3643-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7615-3643-7"><bdi>978-0-7615-3643-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ultimate+History+of+Video+Games%3A+The+Story+Behind+the+Craze+that+Touched+our+Lives+and+Changed+the+World&rft.place=Roseville%2C+California&rft.pub=Prima+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-7615-3643-7&rft.aulast=Kent&rft.aufirst=Steven+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADreamcast" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235611614">.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);margin:0.5em 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data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/16px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg" data-alt="icon" data-width="16" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/24px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/32px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:1990s" title="Portal:1990s">1990s</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksim.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nuvola_apps_ksim.png/19px-Nuvola_apps_ksim.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 19px;height: 19px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nuvola_apps_ksim.png/19px-Nuvola_apps_ksim.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="19" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nuvola_apps_ksim.png/29px-Nuvola_apps_ksim.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nuvola_apps_ksim.png/38px-Nuvola_apps_ksim.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Electronics" title="Portal:Electronics">Electronics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/WPVG_icon_2016.svg/19px-WPVG_icon_2016.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="249"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 19px;height: 19px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/WPVG_icon_2016.svg/19px-WPVG_icon_2016.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="19" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/WPVG_icon_2016.svg/29px-WPVG_icon_2016.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/WPVG_icon_2016.svg/38px-WPVG_icon_2016.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Video_games" title="Portal:Video games">Video games</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.canary‐9656ccf8f‐r4g2f Cached time: 20241127090309 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 3.369 seconds Real time usage: 3.767 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 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Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 3303.092 1 -total 48.48% 1601.485 2 Template:Reflist 23.60% 779.553 141 Template:Cite_web 10.45% 345.336 69 Template:Sfn 8.68% 286.845 59 Template:Cite_magazine 7.51% 248.032 1 Template:Infobox_information_appliance 7.27% 240.275 1 Template:Infobox 5.81% 191.936 36 Template:Cite_news 5.12% 169.240 1 Template:Nihongo_foot 3.94% 130.036 6 Template:Navbox --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:29036-0!canonical and timestamp 20241127090310 and revision id 1259833396. Rendering was triggered because: edit-page --> </section></div> <!-- MobileFormatter took 0.108 seconds --><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&oldid=1259833396">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&oldid=1259833396</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamcast&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="87.123.41.199" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1732698186"> <span>Last edited on 27 November 2024, at 09:03</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="دريم كاست – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دريم كاست" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="دریمکست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دریمکست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%BC%EC%BA%90%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="드림캐스트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="드림캐스트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98" title="דרימקאסט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דרימקאסט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="دريم كاست – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دريم كاست" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88" title="ドリームキャスト – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドリームキャスト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="دریم کاست – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دریم کاست" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Dreamcast" title="Sega Dreamcast – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sega Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ดรีมแคสต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดรีมแคสต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%92%D7%90_%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98" title="סעגא דרימקאסט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סעגא דרימקאסט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Dreamcast" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 November 2024, at 09:03<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact 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v:8.3.1 --> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c9b544f44-2t2ql","wgBackendResponseTime":341,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.369","walltime":"3.767","ppvisitednodes":{"value":25549,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":569091,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":14427,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":30,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":12,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1018744,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3303.092 1 -total"," 48.48% 1601.485 2 Template:Reflist"," 23.60% 779.553 141 Template:Cite_web"," 10.45% 345.336 69 Template:Sfn"," 8.68% 286.845 59 Template:Cite_magazine"," 7.51% 248.032 1 Template:Infobox_information_appliance"," 7.27% 240.275 1 Template:Infobox"," 5.81% 191.936 36 Template:Cite_news"," 5.12% 169.240 1 Template:Nihongo_foot"," 3.94% 130.036 6 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[\"CITEREFEkberg2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFExtension2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFahs,_Travis2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFahs2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFeldman1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFeldmanSurette2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFenlon2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFielder2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFinn2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGI_Staff2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGallagherPark2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGantayat1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGantayat2000\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFGantayat2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerstmann2000\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFGestalt2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGifford2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGraser1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHagiwaraOliver1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHara1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHegelson2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIngenito2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJay2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnston,_Chris1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJustice1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJustice2000\"] = 4,\n [\"CITEREFKamishima1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKato2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKato2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKatoReiner2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKennedy\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKennedy1999\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFKennedy2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKennedy2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKennedyTrueman2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKent2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKent2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKolan2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLamosca2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLangan1999\"] = 7,\n [\"CITEREFLeahy,_Dan2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeone\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLoguidiceBarton2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartinson1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcFerran2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMontfortConsalvo\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMott2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNorsa1999\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFNutt1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFObuchi1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOestreicher2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOhbuchi1998\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFOlafson2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOldham1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOliveira1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPappalardo2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParish\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParish2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParish2014\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFParkin,_Simon2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParkin2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParkin2014\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFPartyka1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerry2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRedsell2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReed2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReiner\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReiner2000\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSato2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSatoKennedy2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSatterfield2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSatterfield2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchiffmann1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchilling2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchouten2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSczepaniak2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShoemaker2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSklens2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSnow2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStepanek2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStout2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStrom1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStuart2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStuart2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSzczepaniak2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomason2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThurrot2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThurrott2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVenter2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhitehead2009\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFWilliams2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYarwood2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZackariassonWilsonErnkvist2012\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 3,\n [\"'\"] = 9,\n [\"A$\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 11,\n [\"Cite episode\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 59,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 36,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 141,\n [\"Collapsible list\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 4,\n [\"Dreamcast\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 3,\n [\"GBP\"] = 1,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Home video game consoles\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox information appliance\"] = 1,\n [\"JPY\"] = 3,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"Nihongo foot\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 2,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"ProQuest\"] = 1,\n [\"Quote box\"] = 4,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sega hardware\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 69,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sic\"] = 1,\n [\"Sixth generation game consoles\"] = 1,\n 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