CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>List of founders of religious traditions - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2a5a1c4b-4a7d-4672-89fb-f7b0cc4d2a8c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions","wgTitle":"List of founders of religious traditions","wgCurRevisionId":1247118648,"wgRevisionId":1247118648,"wgArticleId":1172131,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1: long volume value","CS1 maint: location missing publisher","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2016","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010","Founders of religions","History of religion","Lists of religious leaders","Religion-related lists"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions","wgRelevantArticleId":1172131,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Religious_founder","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1778894","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges": "ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="List of founders of religious traditions - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions rootpage-List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=List+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=List+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=List+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=List+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Legendary/semi-historical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legendary/semi-historical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Legendary/semi-historical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legendary/semi-historical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancient_(before_AD_500)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_(before_AD_500)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ancient (before AD 500)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_(before_AD_500)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_to_Early_Modern_(500–1800_AD)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_to_Early_Modern_(500–1800_AD)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Medieval to Early Modern (500–1800 AD)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_to_Early_Modern_(500–1800_AD)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_religious_movements_(post-1800)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_religious_movements_(post-1800)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>New religious movements (post-1800)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_religious_movements_(post-1800)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">List of founders of religious traditions</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A8_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B9" title="قائمة مؤسسي الديانات والمذاهب والبدع – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قائمة مؤسسي الديانات والمذاهب والبدع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Списък на основателите на световните религии – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Списък на основателите на световните религии" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religionsstifta" title="Religionsstifta – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Religionsstifta" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religionsstifter" title="Religionsstifter – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Religionsstifter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A8_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B9" title="مؤسسين الديانات والمذاهب والبدع – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مؤسسين الديانات والمذاهب والبدع" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E7%A5%96" title="開祖 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="開祖" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%A8" title="بانیان مذاہب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بانیان مذاہب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_de_fundadores_de_tradi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_religiosas" title="Lista de fundadores de tradições religiosas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lista de fundadores de tradições religiosas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religionsstiftare" title="Religionsstiftare – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Religionsstiftare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2" title="ศาสดา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศาสดา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%A8" title="بانیان مذاہب – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بانیان مذاہب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%88%9B%E5%A7%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="主要宗教创始人列表 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="主要宗教创始人列表" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1778894#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&oldid=1247118648" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&id=1247118648&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_founders_of_religious_traditions"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_founders_of_religious_traditions"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1778894" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Religious_founder&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious founder">Religious founder</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For legendary figures for which historicity cannot be established, see <a href="/wiki/Culture_hero" title="Culture hero">Culture hero</a>.</div> <p>These are <a href="/wiki/Historical_figure" title="Historical figure">historical figures</a> credited with founding <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religions</a> or <a href="/wiki/Religious_philosophy" title="Religious philosophy">religious philosophies</a>, or who codified older known religious traditions. The list includes those who have founded a specific major <a href="/wiki/Religious_denomination" title="Religious denomination">denomination</a> within a larger religion. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legendary/semi-historical"><span id="Legendary.2Fsemi-historical"></span>Legendary/semi-historical</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Legendary/semi-historical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Traditional founder </th> <th>Religious tradition founded </th> <th>Historical founder(s) </th> <th>Life of historical founder </th></tr> <tr> <td>Of Divine origin (Hinduism)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saptarishi" class="mw-redirect" title="Saptarishi">The Saptarishi</a></td> <td>c. 15th century BC to 10th century BC </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> (covenant with God)<br /><a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> (religious law)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yahweh#Iron_Age_II_(1000–586_BCE)" title="Yahweh">Yahwists</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>c. 13th<sup id="cite_ref-Albertz1994p61_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Albertz1994p61-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Grabbe_2008,_pp._225–6_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grabbe_2008,_pp._225–6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 8th century BC<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Laozi" title="Laozi">Laozi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhuang_Zhou" title="Zhuang Zhou">Zhuang Zhou</a></td> <td>369 BC – 286 BC </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancient_(before_AD_500)"><span id="Ancient_.28before_AD_500.29"></span>Ancient (before AD 500)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ancient (before AD 500)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See <a href="/wiki/Culture_hero" title="Culture hero">culture hero</a> for legendary founders of doubtful historicity. For figures that fall into that category, please add them to <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Legendary/semi-historical">the Legendary section</a>, not here.</div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Founder Name </th> <th>Religious tradition founded </th> <th>Life of founder </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a></td> <td>c. 1353 BC – 1336 BC<sup id="cite_ref-Hornung_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hornung-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zoroaster" title="Zoroaster">Zoroaster</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a></td> <td>c. 1000 BC<sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p191_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p191-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Parshvanatha" title="Parshvanatha">Parshvanatha</a></td> <td>The penultimate (23rd) <a href="/wiki/Tirthankara" title="Tirthankara">Tirthankara</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></td> <td>877 BC – 777 BC<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZimmer1953183_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZimmer1953183-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Charpentier_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charpentier-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Numa_Pompilius" title="Numa Pompilius">Numa Pompilius</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman Religion</a></td> <td>c. 753 BC – 672 BC </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II" title="Nebuchadnezzar II">Nebuchadnezzar II</a></td> <td>built the <a href="/wiki/Etemenanki" title="Etemenanki">Etemenanki</a>, established <a href="/wiki/Marduk" title="Marduk">Marduk</a> as the patron deity of <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a></td> <td>c. 634 BC – 562 BC<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ajita_Kesakambali" title="Ajita Kesakambali">Ajita Kesakambali</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></td> <td>6th century BC<sup id="cite_ref-r79_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r79-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jmk_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jmk-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahavira</a></td> <td>The final (24th) <a href="/wiki/Tirthankara" title="Tirthankara">tirthankara</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></td> <td>599 BC – 527 BC<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUpinder_Singh2016313_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUpinder_Singh2016313-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZimmer1953222_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZimmer1953222-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha">Gautama Buddha</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></td> <td>563 BC – 483 BC<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECousins199657–63_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECousins199657–63-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchumann200310–13_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchumann200310–13-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Confucius" title="Confucius">Confucius</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a></td> <td>551 BC – 479 BC<sup id="cite_ref-birth_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-birth-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pythagoreanism" title="Pythagoreanism">Pythagoreanism</a></td> <td>fl. 520 BC </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mozi" title="Mozi">Mozi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohism" title="Mohism">Mohism</a></td> <td>470 BC – 390 BC </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Makkhali_Gosala" title="Makkhali Gosala">Makkhali Gosala</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%80j%C4%ABvika" title="Ājīvika">Ājīvika</a></td> <td>5th century BC<sup id="cite_ref-james_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-james-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ezra" title="Ezra">Ezra</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Temple_Judaism" title="Second Temple Judaism">Second Temple Judaism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Brueggemann2002p75_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brueggemann2002p75-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>fl. 459 BC<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Epicurus" title="Epicurus">Epicurus</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epicureanism" title="Epicureanism">Epicureanism</a></td> <td>fl. 307 BC </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zeno_of_Citium" title="Zeno of Citium">Zeno of Citium</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stoicism" title="Stoicism">Stoicism</a></td> <td>333 BC – 264 BC </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pharnavaz_I_of_Iberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharnavaz I of Iberia">Pharnavaz I of Iberia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Armazi_(god)" title="Armazi (god)">Armazi</a></td> <td>326 BC – 234 BC </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Balmiki_sect" class="mw-redirect" title="Balmiki sect">Valmikism</a></td> <td>c. 3rd century BC<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/R%C4%81ja_yoga" title="Rāja yoga">Rāja yoga</a> sect of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td> <td>2nd century BC </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> (and the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve Apostles">Twelve Apostles</a>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></td> <td>c. 4 BC – c. 30/33 AD </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul the Apostle</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Christianity" title="Pauline Christianity">Pauline Christianity</a></td> <td>c. 33 AD </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_(brother_of_Jesus)" class="mw-redirect" title="James (brother of Jesus)">James the Just</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Christian">Jewish Christianity</a></td> <td>c. 33 AD </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lakulisha" title="Lakulisha">Lakulisha</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pashupata_Shaivism" title="Pashupata Shaivism">Pashupata Shaivism</a> sect of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td> <td>1st century AD </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Judah_the_Prince" class="mw-redirect" title="Judah the Prince">Judah the Prince</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rabbinic_Judaism" title="Rabbinic Judaism">Rabbinic Judaism</a></td> <td>2nd century AD </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Montanus" title="Montanus">Montanus</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montanism" title="Montanism">Montanism</a></td> <td>2nd century AD </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcion_of_Sinope" title="Marcion of Sinope">Marcion of Sinope</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcionism" title="Marcionism">Marcionism</a></td> <td>110–160 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elkasai" title="Elkasai">Elkesai</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elcesaites" title="Elcesaites">Elkesaism</a></td> <td>170–230 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagarjuna" title="Nagarjuna">Nagarjuna</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Madhyamaka" title="Madhyamaka">Madhyamaka</a></td> <td>150–250 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></td> <td>205–270 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mani_(prophet)" title="Mani (prophet)">Mani</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manichaeism" title="Manichaeism">Manichaeism</a></td> <td>216–274 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arius" title="Arius">Arius</a><sup id="cite_ref-trad_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trad-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Arianism</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>250–336 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pelagius" title="Pelagius">Pelagius</a><sup id="cite_ref-trad_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trad-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pelagianism" title="Pelagianism">Pelagianism</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>354–430 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nestorius" title="Nestorius">Nestorius</a><sup id="cite_ref-trad_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trad-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>386–451 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eutyches" title="Eutyches">Eutyches</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monophysitism" title="Monophysitism">Monophysitism</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>380–456 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medieval_to_Early_Modern_(500–1800_AD)"><span id="Medieval_to_Early_Modern_.28500.E2.80.931800_AD.29"></span>Medieval to Early Modern (500–1800 AD)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Medieval to Early Modern (500–1800 AD)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Religious tradition founded </th> <th>Life of founder </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdak</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdakism</a></td> <td>died c. 526 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bodhidharma" title="Bodhidharma">Bodhidharma</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">Zen</a>, more specifically <a href="/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" title="Chan Buddhism">Ch'an</a></td> <td>5th or 6th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td> <td>c. 570–632 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Songtsen_Gampo" title="Songtsen Gampo">Songtsen Gampo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a></td> <td>7th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/En_no_Gy%C5%8Dja" title="En no Gyōja">En no Gyōja</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shugend%C5%8D" title="Shugendō">Shugendō</a></td> <td>late 7th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Huineng" title="Huineng">Huineng</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" title="Chan Buddhism">East Asian Zen Buddhism</a></td> <td>638–713 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Padmasambhava" title="Padmasambhava">Padmasambhava</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nyingma" title="Nyingma">Nyingma</a></td> <td>8th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Han_Yu" title="Han Yu">Han Yu</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neo-Confucianism" title="Neo-Confucianism">Neo-Confucianism</a></td> <td>8th or 9th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saich%C5%8D" title="Saichō">Saichō</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tendai" title="Tendai">Tendai</a> (descended from <a href="/wiki/Tiantai" title="Tiantai">Tiantai</a>)</td> <td>767–822 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/K%C5%ABkai" title="Kūkai">Kūkai</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shingon_Buddhism" title="Shingon Buddhism">Shingon Buddhism</a></td> <td>774–835 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita Vedanta</a></td> <td>788–820 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Nusayr" title="Ibn Nusayr">Ibn Nusayr</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alawites" title="Alawites">Nusayrism</a></td> <td>late 9th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Matsyendranath" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendranath">Matsyendranath</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nath" class="mw-redirect" title="Nath">Nath</a></td> <td>10th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></td> <td>1017–1137 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Great_Peacemaker" title="Great Peacemaker">Great Peacemaker</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Great_Law_of_Peace" title="Great Law of Peace">Great Law of Peace</a></td> <td>Between the 10th and 15th centuries </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hamza_ibn_%E2%80%98Al%C4%AB_ibn_A%E1%B8%A5mad" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamza ibn ‘Alī ibn Aḥmad">Hamza ibn ‘Alī ibn Aḥmad</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Druze" title="Druze">Druze</a></td> <td>11th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Adi_ibn_Musafir" title="Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir">Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yazidis" title="Yazidis">Yazidism</a></td> <td>12th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Basava" title="Basava">Basava</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lingayatism" title="Lingayatism">Lingayatism</a></td> <td>12th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Waldo" title="Peter Waldo">Peter Waldo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Waldensianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Waldensianism">Waldensianism</a></td> <td>1140–1205 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dnen" title="Hōnen">Hōnen</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Ddo-sh%C5%AB" title="Jōdo-shū">Jōdo-shū</a> (descended from <a href="/wiki/Pure_Land_Buddhism" title="Pure Land Buddhism">Pure Land Buddhism</a>)</td> <td>1131–1212 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eisai" title="Eisai">Eisai</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rinzai_school" title="Rinzai school">Rinzai Zen</a> (descended from the <a href="/wiki/Five_Houses_of_Ch%C3%A1n#Linji_school" title="Five Houses of Chán">Linji school</a>)</td> <td>1141–1215 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shinran" title="Shinran">Shinran</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Ddo_Shinsh%C5%AB" title="Jōdo Shinshū">Jōdo Shinshū</a> (descended from <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Ddo-sh%C5%AB" title="Jōdo-shū">Jōdo-shū</a>)</td> <td>1173–1263 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/D%C5%8Dgen" title="Dōgen">Dōgen</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Sōtō">Sōtō</a> Zen (descended from the <a href="/wiki/Caodong_school" title="Caodong school">Caodong school</a>)</td> <td>1200–1253 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haji_Bektash_Veli" title="Haji Bektash Veli">Haji Bektash Veli</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bektashi_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Bektashi Order">Bektashi Order</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a></td> <td>1209–1271 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nichiren" title="Nichiren">Nichiren</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nichiren_Buddhism" title="Nichiren Buddhism">Nichiren Buddhism</a></td> <td>1222–1282 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Abulafia" title="Abraham Abulafia">Abraham Abulafia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prophetic_Kabbalah" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic Kabbalah">Prophetic Kabbalah</a>, a.k.a. <a href="/wiki/Ecstatic_Kabbalah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecstatic Kabbalah">ecstatic Kabbalah</a></td> <td>1240–1290s </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dyaneshwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyaneshwar">Dyaneshwar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Varkari" class="mw-redirect" title="Varkari">Varkari</a></td> <td>1275–1296 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhvacharya</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvaita">Dvaita</a></td> <td>1238–1317 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lollardy" title="Lollardy">Lollardy</a></td> <td>1320s–1384 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fazlallah_Astarabadi" title="Fazlallah Astarabadi">Fażlu l-Lāh Astar-Ābādī</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hurufism" title="Hurufism">Hurufism</a></td> <td>14th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Pasikhani" title="Mahmoud Pasikhani">Mahmoud Pasikhani</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nuqtavi" title="Nuqtavi">Nuqṭawism</a></td> <td>late 14th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites">Hussitism</a></td> <td>1372–1415 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tlacaelel" title="Tlacaelel">Tlacaelel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aztec_religion" title="Aztec religion">Cult of Huitzilopochtli</a></td> <td>1397–1487 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramanandi_Sampradaya" title="Ramanandi Sampradaya">Ramanandi</a> <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a></td> <td>15th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kabir_Panth" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabir Panth">Kabir Panth</a></td> <td>1398–1448 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pachacuti" title="Pachacuti">Pachacuti</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Inti" title="Inti">Cult of Inti</a></td> <td>1418–1472 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ekasarana_Dharma" title="Ekasarana Dharma">Ekasarana Dharma</a></td> <td>1449–1568 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ravidassia" title="Ravidassia">Ravidassia</a></td> <td>c. 1450–1520 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Guru Nanak</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanak_Panth" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanak Panth">Nanak Panth</a></td> <td>1469–1539 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chand" title="Sri Chand">Sri Chand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Udasi" title="Udasi">Udasi</a></td> <td>1494–1629 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vallabha_Acharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vallabha Acharya">Vallabha Acharya</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Shuddhadvaita</a></td> <td>1479–1531 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> in general</td> <td>1483–1546 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya Mahaprabhu</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya Vaishnavism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Achintya Bheda Abheda</a></td> <td>1486–1534 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>)</td> <td>1489–1556 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Menno_Simons" title="Menno Simons">Menno Simons</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Mennonite">Mennonite</a></td> <td>1496–1561 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Grebel" title="Conrad Grebel">Conrad Grebel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Brethren" title="Swiss Brethren">Swiss Brethren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anabaptists" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptists">Anabaptists</a></td> <td>1498–1526 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Hutter" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Hutter">Jacob Hutter</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hutterite" class="mw-redirect" title="Hutterite">Hutterite</a></td> <td>1500–1536 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Luria" title="Isaac Luria">Isaac Luria</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lurianic_Kabbalah" title="Lurianic Kabbalah">Lurianic Kabbalah</a></td> <td>1534–1572 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Sahak" title="Sultan Sahak">Sultan Sahak</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yarsanism" title="Yarsanism">Yarsanism</a></td> <td>early 15th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p67_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p67-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1509–1564 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Servetus" title="Michael Servetus">Michael Servetus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p128_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p128-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unitarianism" title="Unitarianism">Unitarianism</a></td> <td>1511?–1553 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p69_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p69-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterianism</a></td> <td>1510–1572 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Din-i_Ilahi" title="Din-i Ilahi">Din-i Ilahi</a></td> <td>1542–1605 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Arminius" title="Jacobus Arminius">Jacobus Arminius</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arminianism" title="Arminianism">Arminianism</a></td> <td>1560–1609 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Smyth_(Baptist_minister)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Smyth (Baptist minister)">John Smyth</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p102_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p102-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a></td> <td>1570–1612 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Avvakum" title="Avvakum">Avvakum</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Old Believers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a></td> <td>1620–1682 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Fox" title="George Fox">George Fox</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p95_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p95-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></td> <td>1624–1691 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Spener" title="Philipp Spener">Philipp Spener</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p73_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p73-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pietism" title="Pietism">Pietism</a></td> <td>1635–1705 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Ammann" title="Jakob Ammann">Jakob Ammann</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a></td> <td>1656–1730 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Swedenborg" title="Emanuel Swedenborg">Emanuel Swedenborg</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_New_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="The New Church">The New Church</a></td> <td>1688–1772 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baal_Shem_Tov" title="Baal Shem Tov">Yisroel ben Eliezer "Baal Shem Tov"</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p183_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p183-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidic Judaism</a></td> <td>1698–1760 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley" title="John Wesley">John Wesley</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p75_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p75-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wesley" title="Charles Wesley">Charles Wesley</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Whitefield" title="George Whitefield">George Whitefield</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodism</a></td> <td>1703–1791 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ibn_Abd_al-Wahhab" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab">Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a></td> <td>1703–1792 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ann_Lee" title="Ann Lee">Ann Lee</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p724_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p724-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shakers" title="Shakers">Shakers</a></td> <td>1736–1784 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_religious_movements_(post-1800)"><span id="New_religious_movements_.28post-1800.29"></span>New religious movements (post-1800)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: New religious movements (post-1800)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_new_religious_movements" title="List of new religious movements">List of new religious movements</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Religious tradition founded </th> <th>Life of founder </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shaykh_Ahmad" title="Shaykh Ahmad">Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsá'í</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shaykhism" title="Shaykhism">Shaykhism</a>, precursor of <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1bism" title="Bábism">Bábism</a><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1753–1826 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ram_Mohan_Roy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ram Mohan Roy">Ram Mohan Roy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brahmo_Samaj" title="Brahmo Samaj">Brahmo Samaj</a></td> <td>1772–1833 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Swaminarayan Sampraday">Swaminarayan Sampraday</a></td> <td>1781–1830 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Auguste Comte</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_Humanity" title="Religion of Humanity">Religion of Humanity</a></td> <td>1798–1857 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nakayama_Miki" title="Nakayama Miki">Nakayama Miki</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenrikyo" title="Tenrikyo">Tenrikyo</a></td> <td>1798–1887 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger" title="Ignaz von Döllinger">Ignaz von Döllinger</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic Church</a></td> <td>1799–1890 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phineas_Quimby" class="mw-redirect" title="Phineas Quimby">Phineas Quimby</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Thought" title="New Thought">New Thought</a></td> <td>1802–1866 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Allan_Kardec" title="Allan Kardec">Allan Kardec</a> (founder of the religion)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a> (made the teachings)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kardecist_spiritism" title="Kardecist spiritism">Spiritism</a></td> <td>1804–1869 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a>, also known as the <a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement</a></td> <td>1805–1844 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_(Christadelphian)" title="John Thomas (Christadelphian)">John Thomas</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a></td> <td>1805–1871 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Geiger" title="Abraham Geiger">Abraham Geiger</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform Judaism</a></td> <td>1810–1874 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamgon_Kongtrul" title="Jamgon Kongtrul">Jamgon Kongtrul</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rim%C3%A9_movement" title="Rimé movement">Rimé movement</a></td> <td>1813–1899 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hong_Xiuquan" title="Hong Xiuquan">Hong Xiuquan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiping_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiping Christianity">Taiping Christianity</a></td> <td>1814–1864 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27u%27ll%C3%A1h" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'u'lláh">Bahá'u'lláh</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p992_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p992-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a></td> <td>1817–1892 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1b" title="Báb">Báb</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1bism" title="Bábism">Bábism</a>, precursor of the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a></td> <td>1819–1850 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Azriel_Hildesheimer" title="Azriel Hildesheimer">Azriel Hildesheimer</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Modern_Orthodox_Judaism" title="Modern Orthodox Judaism">Modern Orthodox Judaism</a></td> <td>1820–1899 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Springer_White" class="mw-redirect" title="James Springer White">James Springer White</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a></td> <td>1821–1881 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jueyi" title="Wang Jueyi">Wang Jueyi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yiguandao" title="Yiguandao">Yiguandao</a></td> <td>1821–1884 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mary_Baker_Eddy" title="Mary Baker Eddy">Mary Baker Eddy</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p741_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p741-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christian_Science" title="Christian Science">Christian Science</a></td> <td>1821–1910 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramalinga_Swamigal" title="Ramalinga Swamigal">Ramalinga Swamigal</a></td> <td>Samarasa Sutha Sanmarga Sangam</td> <td>1823–1874 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a></td> <td>1824–1883 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ellen_G._White" title="Ellen G. White">Ellen G. White</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p621_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p621-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a></td> <td>1827–1915 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oahspe:_A_New_Bible#Biography_of_John_Newbrough" title="Oahspe: A New Bible">John Ballou Newbrough</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oahspe:_A_New_Bible#Faithism" title="Oahspe: A New Bible">Faithism</a></td> <td>1828–1891 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Helena_Blavatsky" title="Helena Blavatsky">Helena Blavatsky</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_(Blavatskian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theosophy (Blavatskian)">Theosophy</a></td> <td>1831–1891 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Subh-i-Azal" title="Subh-i-Azal">Subh-i-Azal</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Azali" title="Azali">Azali Bábism</a></td> <td>1831–1912 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayya_Vaikundar" title="Ayya Vaikundar">Ayya Vaikundar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayyavazhi" title="Ayyavazhi">Ayyavazhi</a></td> <td>1833–1851 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad" title="Mirza Ghulam Ahmad">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a></td> <td>1835–1908 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guido_von_List" title="Guido von List">Guido von List</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariosophy#Armanism" title="Ariosophy">Armanism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Germanic_mysticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic mysticism">Germanic mysticism</a>)</td> <td>1848–1919 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Taze_Russell" title="Charles Taze Russell">Charles Taze Russell</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p637_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p637-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bible_Student_movement" title="Bible Student movement">Bible Student movement</a></td> <td>1852–1916 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wovoka" title="Wovoka">Wovoka</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghost_Dance" title="Ghost Dance">Ghost Dance</a></td> <td>1856–1932 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner">Rudolf Steiner</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anthroposophy" title="Anthroposophy">Anthroposophy</a></td> <td>1861–1925 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Swami Vivekananda</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna_Mission" title="Ramakrishna Mission">Ramakrishna Mission</a></td> <td>1863–1902 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Irvine_(Scottish_evangelist)" title="William Irvine (Scottish evangelist)">William Irvine</a><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Two_by_Twos" title="Two by Twos">Two by Twos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cooneyites" title="Cooneyites">Cooneyites</a></td> <td>1863–1947 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Max_Heindel" title="Max Heindel">Max Heindel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Rosicrucian_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rosicrucian Fellowship">The Rosicrucian Fellowship</a></td> <td>1865–1919 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tsunesaburo_Makiguchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsunesaburo Makiguchi">Tsunesaburo Makiguchi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Soka_Gakkai" title="Soka Gakkai">Soka Gakkai</a></td> <td>1871–1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Integral_yoga" title="Integral yoga">Integral yoga</a></td> <td>1872–1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mason_Remey" title="Mason Remey">Mason Remey</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Orthodox Baháʼí Faith">Orthodox Baháʼí Faith</a></td> <td>1874–1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></td> <td>1875–1947 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fox_Parham" title="Charles Fox Parham">Charles Fox Parham</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a></td> <td>1873–1929 </td></tr> <tr> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Father_Divine" title="Father Divine">Father Divine</a>"</td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Peace_Mission_movement" title="International Peace Mission movement">International Peace Mission movement</a></td> <td>c. 1876–1965 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Cayce" title="Edgar Cayce">Edgar Cayce</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Research_and_Enlightenment" title="Association for Research and Enlightenment">Association for Research and Enlightenment</a></td> <td>1877–1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_V%C4%83n_Chi%C3%AAu" title="Ngô Văn Chiêu">Ngô Văn Chiêu</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caodaism" title="Caodaism">Caodaism</a></td> <td>1878–1926 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guy_Ballard" title="Guy Ballard">Guy Ballard</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%22I_AM%22_Activity" title=""I AM" Activity">"I AM" Activity</a></td> <td>1878–1939 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Buchman" title="Frank Buchman">Frank Buchman</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Group" title="Oxford Group">Oxford Group</a>/<a href="/wiki/Moral_Re-Armament" title="Moral Re-Armament">Moral Re-Armament</a></td> <td>1878–1961 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Alfred G. Moses</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Science" title="Jewish Science">Jewish Science</a></td> <td>1878–1956 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Slocum" title="John Slocum">John Slocum</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Shaker_Church" title="Indian Shaker Church">Indian Shaker Church</a> </td> <td>1881 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mordecai_Kaplan" title="Mordecai Kaplan">Mordecai Kaplan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reconstructionist_Judaism" title="Reconstructionist Judaism">Reconstructionist Judaism</a></td> <td>1881–1983 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Gardner" title="Gerald Gardner">Gerald Gardner</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a></td> <td>1884–1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Felix_Manalo" title="Felix Manalo">Felix Manalo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a> (Church of Christ)</td> <td>1886–1963 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Robinson" title="Frank B. Robinson">Frank B. Robinson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Psychiana" title="Psychiana">Psychiana</a></td> <td>1886–1948 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Noble_Drew_Ali" title="Noble Drew Ali">Noble Drew Ali</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moorish_Science_Temple_of_America" title="Moorish Science Temple of America">Moorish Science Temple of America</a></td> <td>1886–1929 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Garvey" title="Marcus Garvey">Marcus Garvey</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a></td> <td>1887–1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Holmes" title="Ernest Holmes">Ernest Holmes</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Religious_Science" title="Religious Science">Religious Science</a></td> <td>1887–1960 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sadafal Deo Ji Maharaj</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vihangamyoga" title="Vihangamyoga">Vihangamyoga</a></td> <td>1888–1954 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aimee_Semple_McPherson" title="Aimee Semple McPherson">Aimee Semple McPherson</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003p451_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003p451-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Church_of_the_Foursquare_Gospel" class="mw-redirect" title="International Church of the Foursquare Gospel">Foursquare Church</a></td> <td>1890–1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9lio_Fernandino_de_Moraes" title="Zélio Fernandino de Moraes">Zélio Fernandino de Moraes</a><sup id="cite_ref-SmithProkopyp279_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SmithProkopyp279-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Umbanda" title="Umbanda">Umbanda</a></td> <td>1891–1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ida_B._Robinson" title="Ida B. Robinson">Ida B. Robinson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai_Holy_Church_of_America" title="Mount Sinai Holy Church of America">Mount Sinai Holy Church of America</a></td> <td>1891–1946 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">B. R. Ambedkar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Navayana_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Navayana Buddhism">Navayana Buddhism</a></td> <td>1891–1956 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Fard_Muhammad" title="Wallace Fard Muhammad">Wallace Fard Muhammad</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a></td> <td>1891–1934 (absentia) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Paramahansa Yogananda</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yogoda_Satsanga_Society_of_India" title="Yogoda Satsanga Society of India">Yogoda Satsanga Society of India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Self-Realization_Fellowship" title="Self-Realization Fellowship">Self-Realization Fellowship</a></td> <td>1893–1952 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness">International Society for Krishna Consciousness</a></td> <td>1896–1977 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Norman" title="Ruth Norman">Ruth Norman</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unarius_Academy_of_Science" title="Unarius Academy of Science">Unarius</a></td> <td>1900–1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muktananda" title="Muktananda">Swami Muktananda</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Siddha_Yoga" title="Siddha Yoga">Siddha Yoga</a></td> <td>1908–1982 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Twitchell" title="Paul Twitchell">Paul Twitchell</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eckankar" title="Eckankar">Eckankar</a></td> <td>1908–1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ikur%C5%8D_Teshima" title="Ikurō Teshima">Ikurō Teshima</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Makuya" title="Makuya">Makuya</a></td> <td>1910–1973 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dianetics" title="Dianetics">Dianetics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a></td> <td>1911–1986 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinmayananda_Saraswati" title="Chinmayananda Saraswati">Chinmayananda Saraswati</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinmaya_Mission" title="Chinmaya Mission">Chinmaya Mission</a></td> <td>1916–1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Victor_Henry_Anderson" title="Victor Henry Anderson">Victor Henry Anderson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Feri_Tradition" title="Feri Tradition">Feri Tradition</a></td> <td>1917–2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Maharishi Mahesh Yogi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_Meditation" title="Transcendental Meditation">Transcendental Meditation</a></td> <td>1918–2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Samael_Aun_Weor" title="Samael Aun Weor">Samael Aun Weor</a></td> <td>Universal Christian Gnostic Movement</td> <td>1917–1977 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_L._Prophet" title="Mark L. Prophet">Mark L. Prophet</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Summit_Lighthouse" class="mw-redirect" title="The Summit Lighthouse">The Summit Lighthouse</a></td> <td>1918–1973 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ben_Klassen" title="Ben Klassen">Ben Klassen</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Creativity_(religion)" title="Creativity (religion)">Creativity</a></td> <td>1918–1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahn_Sahng-hong" title="Ahn Sahng-hong">Ahn Sahng-hong</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Mission_Society_Church_of_God" title="World Mission Society Church of God">World Mission Society Church of God</a></td> <td>1918–1985 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BB%B3nh_Ph%C3%BA_S%E1%BB%95" title="Huỳnh Phú Sổ">Huỳnh Phú Sổ</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B2a_H%E1%BA%A3o" title="Hòa Hảo">Hòa Hảo</a></td> <td>1919–1947 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Myung_Moon" title="Sun Myung Moon">Yong (Sun) Myung Moon</a><sup id="cite_ref-BH98_365_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BH98_365-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unification_Church" title="Unification Church">Unification Church</a></td> <td>1920–2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prabhat_Ranjan_Sarkar" title="Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar">Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Marga" title="Ananda Marga">Ananda Marga</a></td> <td>1921–1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clarence_13X" title="Clarence 13X">Clarence 13X</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Five-Percent_Nation" title="Five-Percent Nation">Five-Percent Nation</a></td> <td>1922–1969 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mestre_Gabriel" title="Mestre Gabriel">Mestre Gabriel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%A3o_do_Vegetal" title="União do Vegetal">União do Vegetal</a></td> <td>1922–1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nirmala_Srivastava" title="Nirmala Srivastava">Nirmala Srivastava</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sahaja_Yoga" title="Sahaja Yoga">Sahaja Yoga</a></td> <td>1923–2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sveinbj%C3%B6rn_Beinteinsson" title="Sveinbjörn Beinteinsson">Sveinbjörn Beinteinsson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%81satr%C3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ásatrú">Ásatrú</a></td> <td>1924–1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Sathya Sai Organization">Sathya Sai Organization</a></td> <td>1926–2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Michel Potay</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pilgrims_of_Ar%C3%A8s" title="Pilgrims of Arès">Pilgrims of Arès</a></td> <td>1929– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anton_LaVey" title="Anton LaVey">Anton LaVey</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Satan" title="Church of Satan">Church of Satan</a> (<a href="/wiki/LaVeyan_Satanism" title="LaVeyan Satanism">LaVeyan Satanism</a>)</td> <td>1930–1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rajneesh" title="Rajneesh">Rajneesh</a><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2003,1051_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2003,1051-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rajneesh_movement" title="Rajneesh movement">Rajneesh movement</a></td> <td>1931–1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_L._Prophet" title="Mark L. Prophet">Mark L. Prophet</a>;<br /> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Clare_Prophet" title="Elizabeth Clare Prophet">Elizabeth Clare Prophet</a><sup id="cite_ref-BH98_97_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BH98_97-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Church_Universal_and_Triumphant" title="Church Universal and Triumphant">Church Universal and Triumphant</a></td> <td>1918–1973;<br />1939–2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Adi_Da" title="Adi Da">Adi Da</a></td> <td>Adidam</td> <td>1939–2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Claude_Vorilhon" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Vorilhon">Claude Vorilhon</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%ABlism" title="Raëlism">Raëlism</a></td> <td>1946– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Vian_Summers" title="Marshall Vian Summers">Marshall Vian Summers</a></td> <td>New Message from God</td> <td>1949– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhi" title="Li Hongzhi">Li Hongzhi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Falun_Gong" title="Falun Gong">Falun Gong</a></td> <td>born 1951 or 1952 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ryuho_Okawa" title="Ryuho Okawa">Ryuho Okawa</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Happy_Science" title="Happy Science">Happy Science</a></td> <td>1956–2023 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vissarion" title="Vissarion">Vissarion</a></td> <td>Church of the Last Testament</td> <td>1961– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chris_Korda" title="Chris Korda">Chris Korda</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Euthanasia" title="Church of Euthanasia">Church of Euthanasia</a></td> <td>1962– </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tamara Siuda</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kemetic_Orthodoxy" title="Kemetic Orthodoxy">Kemetic Orthodoxy</a></td> <td>1969– </td></tr> <tr> <td>Olumba Olumba Obu</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_of_the_Cross_and_Star" title="Brotherhood of the Cross and Star">Brotherhood of the Cross and Star</a></td> <td>1918– </td></tr> <tr> <td>Isak Gerson</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missionary_Church_of_Kopimism" title="Missionary Church of Kopimism">Missionary Church of Kopimism</a></td> <td>1993– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Erdo%C4%9Fan_%C3%87%C4%B1nar" title="Erdoğan Çınar">Erdoğan Çınar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ishikism" title="Ishikism">Ishikism</a></td> <td>21st century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Hashem" title="Abdullah Hashem">Abdullah Hashem</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmadi_Religion_of_Peace_and_Light" title="Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light">Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light</a></td> <td>1983– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/J.R._%22Bob%22_Dobbs" class="mw-redirect" title="J.R. "Bob" Dobbs">J.R. "Bob" Dobbs</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_SubGenius" title="Church of the SubGenius">Church of the SubGenius</a></td> <td>1972– </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burial_places_of_founders_of_world_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Burial places of founders of world religions">Burial places of founders of world religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Buddha_claimants" title="List of Buddha claimants">List of Buddha claimants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_messiah_claimants" title="List of messiah claimants">List of messiah claimants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_been_considered_deities" title="List of people who have been considered deities">List of people who have been considered deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">List of religions and spiritual traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_religious_leaders_by_century" title="Lists of religious leaders by century">Lists of religious leaders by century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_religion" title="Timeline of religion">Timeline of religion</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The religion of the Israelites of Iron Age I was based on a cult of ancestors and worship of family gods, the "gods of the fathers". With the emergence of the monarchy at the beginning of Iron Age II the kings promoted their family god, YHWH (Yahweh), as the god of the kingdom, but beyond the royal court, religion continued to be both polytheistic and family-centered. As such, this founding group is referred to as "Yahwists".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Israel emerges into the historical record in the last decades of the 13th century BCE, at the very end of the Late Bronze Age, as the Canaanite city-state system was ending. In the words of archaeologist William Dever, "most of those who came to call themselves Israelites … were or had been indigenous Canaanites". The worship of YHWH (Yahweh) alone began at the earliest with Elijah in the 9th century BCE, but more likely with the prophet Hosea in the 8th; even then it remained the concern of a small party before gaining ascendancy in the exilic and early post-exilic period.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">historicity disputed but widely considered plausible. Gosta W. Ahlstrom argues the inconsistencies of the biblical tradition are insufficient to say that Ezra, with his central position as the 'father of Judaism' in the Jewish tradition, has been a later literary invention. (<i>The History of Ancient Palestine</i>, Fortress Press, p.888)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-trad-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-trad_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-trad_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-trad_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The teaching of the traditional "founding father" of a "heresy" is may well have differed greatly from the contents of the heresy as generally understood. For references see following notes.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Acc. to Rowan Williams, 'Arianism' was essentially a polemical creation of Athanasius in an attempt to show that the different alternatives to the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicea" class="mw-redirect" title="First Council of Nicea">Nicene Creed</a> collapsed back into some form of Arius' teaching. (<i>Arius</i>, SCM (2001) p.247)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pelagius' thought was one sided and an inadequate interpretation of Christianity, but his disciples, Celestius and, to a greater extent, Julian of Eclanum pushed his ideas to extremes.(Kelly, J.N.D. <i>Early Christian Doctrines</i> A & C. Black (1965) p.361) Pelagius himself was declared orthodox by the synod of Diospolis in 415, after repudiating some of Celestius' opinions. (Frend, W.H.C. <i>Saints and Sinners in the Early Church</i> DLT (1985) p.133)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestorius specifically endorsed the repudiation of "Nestorianism" reached at <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Chalcedon</a> in 451 (Prestige, G.L. <i>Fathers and Heretics</i> SPCK (1963) p.130)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Monophysitism represents an advanced type of Alexandrian Theology; it emerged in a distinctive form in 433 as a result of the agreement between <a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Antioch" title="John I of Antioch">John of Antioch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a>. The exaggerated form held by Eutyches was condemned in 451 by the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Council of Chalcedon</a>. In its moderate forms the divergence from orthodoxy may be simply terminological. Alexandrian Theology stressed both divine transcendence and a marked dualism between the material and the spiritual and so tended to nullify the humanity of Christ.(Cross & Livingstone. <i>The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church</i> (1974) arts. <b>Monophysitism</b>, <b>Alexandrian Theology</b>)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Albertz1994p61-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Albertz1994p61_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Albertz1994">Albertz 1994</a>, p. 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grabbe_2008,_pp._225–6-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grabbe_2008,_pp._225–6_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grabbe 2008, pp. 225–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKillebrew2005" class="citation book cs1">Killebrew, Ann E. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VtAmmwapfVAC&q=Biblical+peoples+and+ethnicity:+an+archaeological"><i>Biblical Peoples and Ethnicity: An Archaeological Study of Egyptians, Canaanites, Philistines, and Early Israel, 1300–1100 B.C.E.</i></a> Society of Biblical Literature. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-097-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-097-4"><bdi>978-1-58983-097-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biblical+Peoples+and+Ethnicity%3A+An+Archaeological+Study+of+Egyptians%2C+Canaanites%2C+Philistines%2C+and+Early+Israel%2C+1300%E2%80%931100+B.C.E.&rft.pub=Society+of+Biblical+Literature&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-58983-097-4&rft.aulast=Killebrew&rft.aufirst=Ann+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVtAmmwapfVAC%26q%3DBiblical%2Bpeoples%2Band%2Bethnicity%3A%2Ban%2Barchaeological&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hornung-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hornung_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHornung1999" class="citation book cs1">Hornung, Erik (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/akhenatenreligio00horn"><i>Akhenaten and the Religion of Light</i></a></span>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-8725-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-8725-5"><bdi>978-0-8014-8725-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Akhenaten+and+the+Religion+of+Light&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-8725-5&rft.aulast=Hornung&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fakhenatenreligio00horn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p191-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p191_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 191.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZimmer1953183-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZimmer1953183_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZimmer1953">Zimmer 1953</a>, p. 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher1997" class="citation book cs1">Fisher, Mary Pat (1997). <i>Living Religions: An Encyclopedia of the World's Faiths</i>. London: I.B.Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-148-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-148-0"><bdi>978-1-86064-148-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Living+Religions%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+the+World%27s+Faiths&rft.place=London&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-86064-148-0&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Mary+Pat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span> p. 115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9058576">"Parshvanatha"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. Vol. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Parshvanatha&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.eb.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9058576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowker2000" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Bowker, John (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780192800947">"Parsva"</a>. <i>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions</i>. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780192800947" title="Special:BookSources/9780192800947"><bdi>9780192800947</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Parsva&rft.btitle=The+Concise+Oxford+Dictionary+of+World+Religions&rft.pub=Oxford+Reference+Online.+Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780192800947&rft.aulast=Bowker&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780192800947&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Charpentier-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Charpentier_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharpentier,_Jarl1922" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Charpentier, Jarl (1922). "The History of the Jains". <i>The Cambridge History of India</i>. Vol. 1. Cambridge. p. 153.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+History+of+the+Jains&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+India&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=153&rft.date=1922&rft.au=Charpentier%2C+Jarl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-r79-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-r79_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRadhakrishnanMoore1957">Radhakrishnan & Moore 1957</a>, pp. 227–249</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jmk-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jmk_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John M. Koller (1977), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1397613">Skepticism in Early Indian Thought</a>, Philosophy East and West, 27(2): 155-164</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dale Riepe (1996), Naturalistic Tradition in Indian Thought, Motilal Banarsidass, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8120812932" title="Special:BookSources/978-8120812932">978-8120812932</a>, pages 53-58</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUpinder_Singh2016313-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUpinder_Singh2016313_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUpinder_Singh2016">Upinder Singh 2016</a>, p. 313.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZimmer1953222-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZimmer1953222_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZimmer1953">Zimmer 1953</a>, p. 222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Mahavira." Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, Inc., 2006. Answers.com 28 Nov. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.answers.com/topic/mahavira">http://www.answers.com/topic/mahavira</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECousins199657–63-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECousins199657–63_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCousins1996">Cousins 1996</a>, pp. 57–63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchumann200310–13-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchumann200310–13_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchumann2003">Schumann 2003</a>, pp. 10–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-birth-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-birth_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHugan2013" class="citation book cs1">Hugan, Yong (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1R9MAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA4"><i>Confucius: A Guide for the Perplexed</i></a>. A&C Black. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441196538" title="Special:BookSources/9781441196538"><bdi>9781441196538</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170416224536/https://books.google.com/books?id=1R9MAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA4">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-04-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Confucius%3A+A+Guide+for+the+Perplexed&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781441196538&rft.aulast=Hugan&rft.aufirst=Yong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1R9MAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiegel2002">Riegel 2002</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-james-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-james_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Lochtefeld, "Ajivika", <i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism</i>, Vol. 1: A–M, Rosen Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0823931798" title="Special:BookSources/978-0823931798">978-0823931798</a>, page 22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brueggemann2002p75-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brueggemann2002p75_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Brueggemann2002">Brueggemann 2002</a>, pp. 75, 144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ramayana-Indian-epic">"Ramayana | Summary, Characters, & Facts"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-08-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Ramayana+%7C+Summary%2C+Characters%2C+%26+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FRamayana-Indian-epic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHendrixOkeja2018" class="citation book cs1">Hendrix, Scott; Okeja, Uchenna, eds. (2018). <i>The World's Greatest Religious Leaders: How Religious Figures Helped Shape World History [2 volumes]</i>. ABC-CLIO. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1440841385" title="Special:BookSources/978-1440841385"><bdi>978-1440841385</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World%27s+Greatest+Religious+Leaders%3A+How+Religious+Figures+Helped+Shape+World+History+%5B2+volumes%5D&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1440841385&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p67-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p67_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p128-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p128_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p69-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p69_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p102-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p102_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p95-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p95_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p73-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p73_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p183-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p183_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p75-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p75_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p724-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p724_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 724.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ahsai-shaikh-ahmad">"AḤSĀʾĪ, SHAIKH AḤMAD"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A%E1%B8%A4S%C4%80%CA%BE%C4%AA%2C+SHAIKH+A%E1%B8%A4MAD&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fahsai-shaikh-ahmad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.h-net.org/~bahai/bhpapers/ahsaind.htm">"Individualism and the Mystical Path in Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i"</a>. <i>h-net.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=h-net.org&rft.atitle=Individualism+and+the+Mystical+Path+in+Shaykh+Ahmad+al-Ahsa%27i&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.h-net.org%2F~bahai%2Fbhpapers%2Fahsaind.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0188.xml">"Shaykhism"</a>. <i>Oxford Bibliographies</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Bibliographies&rft.atitle=Shaykhism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordbibliographies.com%2Fview%2Fdocument%2Fobo-9780195390155%2Fobo-9780195390155-0188.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shaykhism">"SHAYKHISM"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=SHAYKHISM&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fshaykhism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p992-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p992_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 992.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p741-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p741_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 741.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p621-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p621_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 621.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p637-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p637_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 637.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Chryssides2001">Chryssides 2001</a>, p. 330.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003p451-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003p451_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 451.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SmithProkopyp279-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SmithProkopyp279_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#SmithProkopy2003">Smith and Prokopy 2003</a>, p. 279-280.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BH98_365-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BH98_365_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Beit-Hallahmi98">Beit-Hallahmi 1998</a>, p. 365.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2003,1051-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton2003,1051_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Melton2003">Melton 2003</a>, p. 1051.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BH98_97-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BH98_97_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Beit-Hallahmi98">Beit-Hallahmi 1998</a>, p. 97.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Beit-Hallahmi98" class="citation book cs1">Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (1998). <i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Active New Religions, Sects, and Cults</i> (Revised ed.). Rosen Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8239-2586-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8239-2586-5"><bdi>978-0-8239-2586-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Active+New+Religions%2C+Sects%2C+and+Cults&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-8239-2586-5&rft.aulast=Beit-Hallahmi&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Brueggemann2002" class="citation book cs1">Brueggemann, Walter (2002). <i>Reverberations of Faith: A Theological Handbook of Old Testament Themes</i>. Westminster John Knox Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-664-22231-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-664-22231-4"><bdi>978-0-664-22231-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reverberations+of+Faith%3A+A+Theological+Handbook+of+Old+Testament+Themes&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-664-22231-4&rft.aulast=Brueggemann&rft.aufirst=Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Chryssides2001" class="citation book cs1">Chryssides, George D. (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000chry"><i>Historical dictionary of new religious movements</i></a></span>. The Scarecrow Press, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-4095-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-4095-9"><bdi>978-0-8108-4095-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+dictionary+of+new+religious+movements&rft.pub=The+Scarecrow+Press%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-4095-9&rft.aulast=Chryssides&rft.aufirst=George+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricaldictio0000chry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCousins1996" class="citation cs2">Cousins, LS (1996), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indology.info/papers/cousins">"The dating of the historical Buddha: a review article"</a>, <i>Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society</i>, 3, <b>6</b> (1): 57–63, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs1356186300014760">10.1017/s1356186300014760</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162929573">162929573</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Asiatic+Society&rft.atitle=The+dating+of+the+historical+Buddha%3A+a+review+article&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=57-63&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs1356186300014760&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162929573%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Cousins&rft.aufirst=LS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findology.info%2Fpapers%2Fcousins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Jestice2004" class="citation book cs1">Jestice, Phyllis G. (2004). <i>Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia (Volume 3)</i>. ABC-CLIO, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-355-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-355-1"><bdi>978-1-57607-355-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Holy+People+of+the+World%3A+A+Cross-cultural+Encyclopedia+%28Volume+3%29&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-57607-355-1&rft.aulast=Jestice&rft.aufirst=Phyllis+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Melton2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/J._Gordon_Melton" title="J. Gordon Melton">Melton, J. Gordon</a> (2003). <i>Encyclopedia of American Religions</i> (Seventh ed.). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-6384-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-6384-1"><bdi>978-0-7876-6384-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+American+Religions&rft.place=Farmington+Hills%2C+Michigan&rft.edition=Seventh&rft.pub=The+Gale+Group%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7876-6384-1&rft.aulast=Melton&rft.aufirst=J.+Gordon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRadhakrishnanMoore1957" class="citation book cs1">Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli; Moore, Charles (1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sourcebookinindi00radh"><i>A Source Book in Indian Philosophy</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01958-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01958-1"><bdi>978-0-691-01958-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Source+Book+in+Indian+Philosophy&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1957&rft.isbn=978-0-691-01958-1&rft.aulast=Radhakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Sarvepalli&rft.au=Moore%2C+Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsourcebookinindi00radh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiegel2002" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Riegel, J (3 July 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2012/entries/confucius/">"Confucius"</a>. <i>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Confucius&rft.btitle=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.date=2002-07-03&rft.aulast=Riegel&rft.aufirst=J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Fspr2012%2Fentries%2Fconfucius%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchumann2003" class="citation cs2">Schumann, Hans Wolfgang (2003), <i>The Historical Buddha: The Times, Life, and Teachings of the Founder of Buddhism</i>, Motilal Banarsidass, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8120818170" title="Special:BookSources/978-8120818170"><bdi>978-8120818170</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Historical+Buddha%3A+The+Times%2C+Life%2C+and+Teachings+of+the+Founder+of+Buddhism&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-8120818170&rft.aulast=Schumann&rft.aufirst=Hans+Wolfgang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="SmithProkopy2003" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Christian; Joshua Prokopy (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/latinamericanrel0000unse"><i>Latin American Religion in Motion</i></a></span>. New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-92106-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-92106-0"><bdi>978-0-415-92106-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Latin+American+Religion+in+Motion&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-415-92106-0&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.au=Joshua+Prokopy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flatinamericanrel0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpinder_Singh2016" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Upinder_Singh" title="Upinder Singh">Singh, Upinder</a> (2016), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq2iCwAAQBAJ"><i>A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Pearson_Education" title="Pearson Education">Pearson Education</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-325-6996-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-93-325-6996-6"><bdi>978-93-325-6996-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ancient+and+Early+Medieval+India%3A+From+the+Stone+Age+to+the+12th+Century&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-93-325-6996-6&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Upinder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPq2iCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZimmer1953" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Zimmer" title="Heinrich Zimmer">Zimmer, Heinrich</a> (1953) [April 1952], <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Campbell" title="Joseph Campbell">Campbell, Joseph</a> (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Philosophy.of.India.by.Heinrich.Zimmer"><i>Philosophies Of India</i></a>, London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a> & Kegan Paul Ltd, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0739-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0739-6"><bdi>978-81-208-0739-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philosophies+Of+India&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul+Ltd&rft.date=1953&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0739-6&rft.aulast=Zimmer&rft.aufirst=Heinrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FPhilosophy.of.India.by.Heinrich.Zimmer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+founders+of+religious+traditions" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="History_of_religions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_religions" title="Template:History of religions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_religions" title="Template talk:History of religions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_religions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of religions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="History_of_religions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion" title="History of religion">History of religions</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_religion" title="Timeline of religion">Timeline of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">List of religions and spiritual traditions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_religious_groups" title="Major religious groups">Major groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal; line-height:1.4em; padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="History of the Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam" title="History of Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_history" title="Jewish history">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Rastafari" title="History of Rastafari">Rastafari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal; line-height:1.4em; padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Mythologies_of_the_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Mythologies of the indigenous peoples of the Americas">Amerindian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_religion" title="Aztec religion">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_religion" title="Maya religion">Mayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Inca_Empire" title="Religion in the Inca Empire">Inca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal; line-height:1.4em; padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_religions" title="East Asian religions">East Asian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Confucianism" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Confucianism">Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Taoism" title="History of Taoism">Taoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shintoism#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Shintoism">Shinto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal; line-height:1.4em; padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Indian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Buddhism" title="History of Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jainism" title="History of Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sikhism" title="History of Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal; line-height:1.4em; padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_religions" title="Iranian religions">Iranian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism#History" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manichaeism#Origins" title="Manichaeism">Manichaeanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal; line-height:1.4em; padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Neopaganism" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Neopaganism">Neopaganism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wicca" title="History of Wicca">Wicca</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Thought" title="History of New Thought">New Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kardecist_spiritism" title="Kardecist spiritism">Kardecist spiritism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal;line-height:1.4em;padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_religion" title="Prehistoric religion">Prehistoric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Paleolithic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal;line-height:1.4em;padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Religions_of_the_ancient_Near_East" title="Religions of the ancient Near East">Near East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Semitic_religion" title="Ancient Semitic religion">Semitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Mesopotamian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal;line-height:1.4em;padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Indo-European</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic religion">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_polytheism" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic polytheism">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Illyro-thracian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_paganism" title="Slavic paganism">Slavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Vedic_religion" title="Historical Vedic religion">Vedic Hinduism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_morality" title="Evolution of morality">Evolution of morality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_origin_of_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolutionary origin of religions">Evolutionary origin of religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_psychology_of_religion" title="Evolutionary psychology of religion">Evolutionary psychology of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_atheism" title="History of atheism">History of atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_theology" title="History of theology">History of theology (Greco-Abrahamic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">Irreligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_School_(history_of_religion)" title="Roman School (history of religion)">Roman School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Religion" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Religion_topics" title="Template:Religion topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Religion_topics" title="Template talk:Religion topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Religion_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Religion topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">Religion</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Religious_groups_and_denominations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Religious groups and denominations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Western_religions" title="Western religions">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haredi_Judaism" title="Haredi Judaism">Haredi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Orthodox_Judaism" title="Modern Orthodox Judaism">Modern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">Zionist</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Judaism" title="Conservative Judaism">Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaite_Judaism" title="Karaite Judaism">Karaite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymanot" title="Haymanot">Haymanot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstructionist_Judaism" title="Reconstructionist Judaism">Reconstructionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Renewal" title="Jewish Renewal">Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanistic_Judaism" title="Humanistic Judaism">Humanistic</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_religious_movements" title="Jewish religious movements">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Church_of_the_East" title="Ancient Church of the East">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestantism" title="Proto-Protestantism">Proto-Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites">Hussites</a>/<a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwarzenau_Brethren" title="Schwarzenau Brethren">Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutterites" title="Hutterites">Hutterites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwenkfelder_Church" title="Schwenkfelder Church">Schwenkfelder Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Reformed_Protestantism" title="Continental Reformed Protestantism">Reformed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">Charismatic Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Irvingism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakerism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_Movement" title="Restoration Movement">Restorationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esoteric_Christianity" title="Esoteric Christianity">Esoteric</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Community" title="The Christian Community">The Christian Community</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaizers" title="Judaizers">Judaizers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nontrinitarianism" title="Nontrinitarianism">Nontrinitarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Student_movement" title="Bible Student movement">Bible Students</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Student_movement#Associated_Bible_Students" title="Bible Student movement">Associated Bible Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Bible_Students" title="Free Bible Students">Free Bible Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Man" title="Friends of Man">Friends of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo#Kitawala" title="Religion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Kitawala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laymen%27s_Home_Missionary_Movement" title="Laymen's Home Missionary Movement">Laymen's Home Missionary Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneness_Pentecostalism" title="Oneness Pentecostalism">Oneness Pentecostalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Christianity" title="Spiritual Christianity">Spiritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Church_(Swedenborgian)" title="The New Church (Swedenborgian)">Swedenborgianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolstoyan_movement" title="Tolstoyan movement">Tolstoyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitarianism" title="Unitarianism">Unitarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunnism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ash%27arism" title="Ash'arism">Ash'arism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maturidism" title="Maturidism">Maturidism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atharism" title="Atharism">Atharism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salafi_movement" title="Salafi movement">Salafism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_modernism" title="Islamic modernism">Modernist Salafism</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shi'ism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alawites" title="Alawites">Alawism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali-Illahism" title="Ali-Illahism">Ali-Illahism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isma%27ilism" title="Isma'ilism">Isma'ilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelver_Shi%27ism" title="Twelver Shi'ism">Twelver Shi'ism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaydism" title="Zaydism">Zaydism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharijites" title="Kharijites">Khawarij</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibadi_Islam" title="Ibadi Islam">Ibadism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alevism" title="Alevism">Alevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ishikism" title="Ishikism">Ishikism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Alevism" title="Kurdish Alevism">Kurdish Alevism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahdawi_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahdawi movement">Mahdavism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quranism" title="Quranism">Quranism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milah_Abraham" title="Milah Abraham">Milah Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-denominational_Muslim" title="Non-denominational Muslim">Non-denominational</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Islamic_schools_and_branches" title="Islamic schools and branches">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1bism" title="Bábism">Bábism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azali" title="Azali">Azalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druze" title="Druze">Druze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaeism" title="Mandaeism">Mandaeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritanism" title="Samaritanism">Samaritanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_religions" title="Iranian religions">Iranian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoroastrian">Zoroastrian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism_in_Russia" title="Zoroastrianism in Russia">Blagovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilm-e-Khshnoom" title="Ilm-e-Khshnoom">Ilm-e-Khshnoom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazdaznan" title="Mazdaznan">Mazdaznan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurvanism" title="Zurvanism">Zurvanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Kurdish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shabakism" class="mw-redirect" title="Shabakism">Shabakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarsanism" title="Yarsanism">Yarsanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assianism" title="Assianism">Assianism/Uatsdin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roshani_movement" title="Roshani movement">Roshani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manichaeism" title="Manichaeism">Manichaeism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Manichaeism" title="Chinese Manichaeism">Chinese Manichaeism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazd%C3%A2nism" title="Yazdânism">Yazdânism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazidism" title="Yazidism">Yazidism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_religions" title="Eastern religions">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_religions" title="East Asian religions">East Asian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_China" title="Religion in China">Chinese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_teaching" title="Luo teaching">Luoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuo_folk_religion" title="Nuo folk religion">Nuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_salvationist_religions" title="Chinese salvationist religions">Salvationist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiantiandao" title="Xiantiandao">Xiantiandao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiguandao" title="Yiguandao">Yiguandao</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ritual_mastery_traditions" title="Chinese ritual mastery traditions">Folk Taoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_folk_religion" title="Yao folk religion">Yao Taoism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Japan" title="Religion in Japan">Japonic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinto_sects_and_schools" title="Shinto sects and schools">list</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shugend%C5%8D" title="Shugendō">Shugendō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenrikyo" title="Tenrikyo">Tenrikyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_religion" title="Ryukyuan religion">Ryukyuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Korea" title="Religion in Korea">Korean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_shamanism" title="Korean shamanism">Korean shamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheondoism" title="Cheondoism">Cheondoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeung_San_Do" title="Jeung San Do">Jeungsanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vietnam" title="Religion in Vietnam">Vietnamese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_folk_religion" title="Vietnamese folk religion">Vietnamese folk religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1o_M%E1%BA%ABu" title="Đạo Mẫu">Đạo Mẫu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caodaism" title="Caodaism">Caodaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B2a_H%E1%BA%A3o" title="Hòa Hảo">Hoahaoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1o_B%E1%BB%ADu_S%C6%A1n_K%E1%BB%B3_H%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" title="Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương">Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Indian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaism" title="Krishnaism">Krishnaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Sri Vaishnavism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sampradaya" title="Brahma Sampradaya">Brahma Sampradaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarka_Sampradaya" title="Nimbarka Sampradaya">Nimbarka Sampradaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushtimarg" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushtimarg">Pushtimarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanubhava" title="Mahanubhava">Mahanubhava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanandi_Sampradaya" title="Ramanandi Sampradaya">Ramanandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warkari" title="Warkari">Warkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan_Sampradaya" title="Swaminarayan Sampradaya">Swaminarayan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaiva_Siddhanta" title="Shaiva Siddhanta">Shaiva Siddhanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganapatya" title="Ganapatya">Ganapatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Shaivism" title="Kashmir Shaivism">Kashmiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaumaram" title="Kaumaram">Kaumaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingayatism" title="Lingayatism">Lingayatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nath" class="mw-redirect" title="Nath">Nath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_Hinduism" title="Balinese Hinduism">Balinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smartism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saura_(Hinduism)" title="Saura (Hinduism)">Sauraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Śrauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_reform_movements" title="Hindu reform movements">Neo-Hinduism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theravada" title="Theravada">Theravada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahayana" title="Mahayana">Mahayana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" title="Chan Buddhism">Chan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">Zen</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thi%E1%BB%81n" title="Thiền">Thiền</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Land_Buddhism" title="Pure Land Buddhism">Amidism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nichiren_Buddhism" title="Nichiren Buddhism">Nichiren</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vajrayana" title="Vajrayana">Vajrayana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_modernism" title="Buddhist modernism">Neo-Buddhism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schools_of_Buddhism" title="Schools of Buddhism">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayyavazhi" title="Ayyavazhi">Ayyavazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalash_people#Religion" title="Kalash people">Kalash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambara" title="Digambara">Digambara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Avet%C4%81mbara" title="Śvetāmbara">Śvetāmbara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarnaism" title="Sarnaism">Sarnaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirat_Mundhum" title="Kirat Mundhum">Kirat Mundhum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedda#Religion" title="Vedda">Vedda religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidassia" title="Ravidassia">Ravidassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa" title="Khalsa">Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">Sects</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_religion" title="Ethnic religion">Ethnic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Altaic_languages" title="Altaic languages">Altaic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_mythology" title="Turkic mythology">Turko</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mongolian_shamanism" title="Mongolian shamanism">Mongolic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkhanism" title="Burkhanism">Burkhanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengrism" title="Tengrism">Tengrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vattisen_Yaly" title="Vattisen Yaly">Vattisen Yaly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungusic_creation_myth" title="Tungusic creation myth">Tungusic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evenks#Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Evenks">Evenki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_shamanism" title="Manchu shamanism">Manchu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Austroasiatic_languages" title="Austroasiatic languages">Austroasiatic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarna_(place)" title="Sarna (place)">Sarnaism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parmalim" title="Parmalim">Batak Parmalim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayak_people#Religion_and_festivals" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaharingan" title="Kaharingan">Kaharingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Sabahan_religions" title="Traditional Sabahan religions">Traditional Sabahan religions</a></li></ul></li> <li>Indonesian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aliran_Kepercayaan" title="Aliran Kepercayaan">Aliran Kepercayaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kejaw%C3%A8n" title="Kejawèn">Kejawèn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapitayan" title="Kapitayan">Kapitayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemena" title="Pemena">Karo Pemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_folk_religion" title="Malaysian folk religion">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Philippine_folk_religions" title="Indigenous Philippine folk religions">Philippine Dayawism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_religious_beliefs_of_the_Tagalog_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous religious beliefs of the Tagalog people">Tagalog</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_mythology" title="Polynesian mythology">Polynesian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_religion" title="Hawaiian religion">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_M%C4%81ori_people" title="Religion of Māori people">Māori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marapu" title="Marapu">Sumbese Marapu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Wiwitan" title="Sunda Wiwitan">Sundanese Wiwitan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Native_American_religions" title="Native American religions">Native<br />American</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abenaki_mythology" title="Abenaki mythology">Abenaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native_religion" title="Alaska Native religion">Alaskan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anishinaabe_traditional_beliefs" title="Anishinaabe traditional beliefs">Anishinaabe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ojibwe#Spiritual_beliefs" title="Ojibwe">Ojibwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midewiwin" title="Midewiwin">Midewiwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabunowin" title="Wabunowin">Wabunowin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache#Religion" title="Apache">Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackfoot_mythology" title="Blackfoot mythology">Blackfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_narratives_of_Indigenous_Californians" title="Traditional narratives of Indigenous Californians">Californian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuksu_(religion)" title="Kuksu (religion)">Kuksu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miwok_mythology" title="Miwok mythology">Miwok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohlone_mythology" title="Ohlone mythology">Ohlone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomo_religion" title="Pomo religion">Pomo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilote_mythology" title="Chilote mythology">Chilote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_mythology" title="Choctaw mythology">Choctaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crow_religion" title="Crow religion">Crow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_Dance" title="Ghost Dance">Ghost Dance</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sun_Dance" title="Sun Dance">Sun Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guarani_mythology" title="Guarani mythology">Guarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haida_mythology" title="Haida mythology">Haida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho-Chunk_mythology" title="Ho-Chunk mythology">Ho-Chunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iroquois_mythology" title="Iroquois mythology">Iroquois</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_spiritual_beliefs" title="Cherokee spiritual beliefs">Cherokee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Mothers_Society" title="Four Mothers Society">Four Mothers Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keetoowah_Nighthawk_Society" title="Keetoowah Nighthawk Society">Keetoowah Society</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longhouse_Religion" title="Longhouse Religion">Longhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohawk_people#Religion" title="Mohawk people">Mohawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_mythology" title="Creek mythology">Muscogee Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_mythology" title="Seneca mythology">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyandot_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wyandot religion">Wyandot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jivaroan_peoples#Religion" title="Jivaroan peoples">Jivaroan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwakwaka%CA%BCwakw_mythology" title="Kwakwakaʼwakw mythology">Kwakwakaʼwakw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenape_mythology" title="Lenape mythology">Lenape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapuche_religion" title="Mapuche religion">Mapuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_religion" title="Mesoamerican religion">Mesoamerican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_religion" title="Aztec religion">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_religion" title="Maya religion">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pur%C3%A9pecha_religion" title="Purépecha religion">Purépecha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_mythology" title="Muisca mythology">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Church" title="Native American Church">Native American Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo#Spiritual_and_religious_beliefs" title="Navajo">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuu-chah-nulth_mythology" title="Nuu-chah-nulth mythology">Nuu-chah-nulth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_mythology" title="Pawnee mythology">Pawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_religion" title="Pueblo religion">Pueblo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acoma_Pueblo#Religion" title="Acoma Pueblo">Acoma Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopi_mythology" title="Hopi mythology">Hopi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuni_mythology" title="Zuni mythology">Zuni</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux#Religion" title="Sioux">Sioux</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakota_religion" title="Lakota religion">Lakota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wocekiye" title="Wocekiye">Wocekiye</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsimshian_mythology" title="Tsimshian mythology">Tsimshian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_mythology" title="Ute mythology">Ute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_religions#Washat_Dreamers_Religion" title="Native American religions">Washat Dreamers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqui#Yaqui_cosmology_and_religion" title="Yaqui">Yaqui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tai_peoples" title="Tai peoples">Tai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miao_people" title="Miao people">Miao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahom_religion" title="Ahom religion">Ahom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miao_folk_religion" title="Miao folk religion">Hmongism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_(religion)" title="Mo (religion)">Mo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_folk_religion" title="Tai folk religion">Satsana Phi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tibeto-Burman_languages" title="Tibeto-Burman languages">Tibeto-Burmese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bon" title="Bon">Bon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_folk_religion" title="Burmese folk religion">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzhuism" title="Benzhuism">Benzhuism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimoism" title="Bimoism">Bimoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathouism" title="Bathouism">Bathouism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mun_(religion)" title="Mun (religion)">Bongthingism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongba" title="Dongba">Dongba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donyi-Polo" title="Donyi-Polo">Donyi-Polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraka" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraka">Heraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirat_Mundhum" title="Kirat Mundhum">Kiratism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiang_folk_religion" title="Qiang folk religion">Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanamahism" title="Sanamahism">Sanamahism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_African_religions" title="Traditional African religions">Traditional <br /> African</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">North African</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Berber_religion" title="Traditional Berber religion">Berber</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Guanche_People" title="Church of the Guanche People">Guanche church</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Africa" title="Religion in Africa">Sub-Saharan<br />African</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_people" title="Kamba people">Akamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akan_religion" title="Akan religion">Akan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baluba_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Baluba mythology">Baluba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantu_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantu mythology">Bantu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_religion" title="Kongo religion">Kongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_traditional_religion" title="Zulu traditional religion">Zulu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushongo_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Bushongo mythology">Bushongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinka_religion" title="Dinka religion">Dinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogon_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Dogon religion">Dogon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efik_mythology" title="Efik mythology">Efik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahomean_religion" title="Dahomean religion">Fon and Ewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ik_people" title="Ik people">Ik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotuko_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotuko mythology">Lotuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lozi_mythology" title="Lozi mythology">Lozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugbara_mythology" title="Lugbara mythology">Lugbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Maasai mythology">Maasai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbuti_mythology" title="Mbuti mythology">Mbuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odinala" title="Odinala">Odinala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_religion" title="San religion">San</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_religion" title="Serer religion">Serer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumbuka_mythology" title="Tumbuka mythology">Tumbuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urhobo_people" title="Urhobo people">Urhobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waaqeffanna" title="Waaqeffanna">Waaqeffanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_religion" title="Yoruba religion">Yoruba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/If%C3%A1" title="Ifá">Ifá</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_religions" title="African diaspora religions">Diasporic</a>:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9" title="Candomblé">Candomblé</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9_Bantu" title="Candomblé Bantu">Bantu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9_Jej%C3%A9" title="Candomblé Jejé">Jejé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9_Ketu" title="Candomblé Ketu">Ketu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comfa" title="Comfa">Comfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convince" title="Convince">Convince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espiritismo" title="Espiritismo">Espiritismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumina" title="Kumina">Kumina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obeah" title="Obeah">Obeah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_(religion)" title="Palo (religion)">Palo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quimbanda" title="Quimbanda">Quimbanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santer%C3%ADa" title="Santería">Santería</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambor_de_Mina" title="Tambor de Mina">Tambor de Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Orisha" title="Trinidad Orisha">Trinidad Orisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbanda" title="Umbanda">Umbanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Vodou" title="Haitian Vodou">Vodou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Voodoo" title="Louisiana Voodoo">Voodoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winti" title="Winti">Winti</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other ethnic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_religion_and_mythology" title="Australian Aboriginal religion and mythology">Aboriginal Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_religion" title="Inuit religion">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papuan_mythology" title="Papuan mythology">Papuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamanism_in_Siberia" title="Shamanism in Siberia">Siberian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New<br /> religious<br /> movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Syncretic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism_in_Russia" title="Zoroastrianism in Russia">Blagovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmoism" title="Brahmoism">Brahmoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_Religion" title="Coconut Religion">Coconut Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falun_Gong" title="Falun Gong">Falun Gong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_new_religions" title="Japanese new religions">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meivazhi" title="Meivazhi">Meivazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modekngei" title="Modekngei">Modekngei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Acropolis" title="New Acropolis">New Acropolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Thought" title="New Thought">New Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajneesh_movement" title="Rajneesh movement">Rajneesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roerichism" title="Roerichism">Roerichism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements" title="Contemporary Sant Mat movements">Sant Mat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Soami" title="Radha Soami">Radha Soami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subud" title="Subud">Subud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensegrity_(Castaneda)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tensegrity (Castaneda)">Tensegrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Theosophy" title="Neo-Theosophy">Neo-Theosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni_Yoga" title="Agni Yoga">Agni Yoga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_Meditation" title="Transcendental Meditation">Transcendental Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitarian_Universalism" title="Unitarian Universalism">Unitarian Universalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_White_Brotherhood" title="Universal White Brotherhood">White Brotherhood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Modern_paganism" title="Modern paganism">Modern<br />paganism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>African <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Godianism" title="Godianism">Godianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hetanism" title="Hetanism">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_neopaganism" title="Baltic neopaganism">Baltic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dievtur%C4%ABba" title="Dievturība">Dievturība</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romuva_(religion)" title="Romuva (religion)">Romuva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_neopaganism" title="Caucasian neopaganism">Caucasian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_neopaganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Abkhaz neopaganism">Abkhaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adyghe_Xabze" title="Adyghe Xabze">Circassian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_neopaganism" title="Celtic neopaganism">Celtic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Druidry_(modern)" title="Druidry (modern)">Druidry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathenry_(new_religious_movement)" title="Heathenry (new religious movement)">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(modern_religion)" title="Hellenism (modern religion)">Hellenism (modern religion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoshamanism" title="Neoshamanism">Neoshamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assianism" title="Assianism">Ossetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheistic_reconstructionism" title="Polytheistic reconstructionism">Polytheistic reconstructionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reconstructionist_Roman_religion" title="Reconstructionist Roman religion">Italo-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemetism" title="Kemetism">Kemetism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmoxianism" title="Zalmoxianism">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith" title="Slavic Native Faith">Slavic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Authentism" title="Russian Authentism">Authentism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uralic_neopaganism" title="Uralic neopaganism">Uralic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_neopaganism" title="Estonian neopaganism">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Finnish_paganism" title="Modern Finnish paganism">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Native_Faith" title="Hungarian Native Faith">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_religion" title="Mari religion">Mari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erzyan_native_religion" title="Erzyan native religion">Erzya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_shamanism" title="Sámi shamanism">Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_Vos" title="Udmurt Vos">Udmurt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmoxianism" title="Zalmoxianism">Zalmoxianism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_pagan_movements" title="List of modern pagan movements">list</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">De novo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthroposophy" title="Anthroposophy">Anthroposophy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Community" title="The Christian Community">The Christian Community</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discordianism" title="Discordianism">Discordianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckankar" title="Eckankar">Eckankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Way" title="Fourth Way">Fourth Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goddess_movement" title="Goddess movement">Goddess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jediism" title="Jediism">Jediism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanism" title="Satanism">Satanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_religion" title="UFO religion">UFO religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%ABlism" title="Raëlism">Raëlism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Historical_religions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion" title="History of religion">Historical religions</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_religion" title="Prehistoric religion">Prehistoric</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Paleolithic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_people#Religion" title="Ainu people">Ainu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_mythology" title="Armenian mythology">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_mythology" title="Baltic mythology">Baltic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_mythology" title="Latvian mythology">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_mythology" title="Lithuanian mythology">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_mythology" title="Prussian mythology">Old Prussian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_mythology" title="Basque mythology">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_religion" title="Ancient Celtic religion">Celtic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Druid" title="Druid">Druidism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Irish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands_mythology" title="Cook Islands mythology">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_folk_religion" title="Dravidian folk religion">Dravidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">Egyptian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_religion" title="Etruscan religion">Etruscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_mythology" title="Finnish mythology">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuegians#Spiritual_culture" title="Fuegians">Fuegian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Selk%27nam_mythology" title="Selk'nam mythology">Selk'nam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_mythology" title="Georgian mythology">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">Germanic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_paganism" title="Anglo-Saxon paganism">Anglo-Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Germanic_mythology" title="Continental Germanic mythology">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankish_paganism" title="Frankish paganism">Frankish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_religion" title="Old Norse religion">Norse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhism" title="Greco-Buddhism">Greco-Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" title="Orphism (religion)">Orphism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanches#System_of_beliefs" title="Guanches">Guanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation#Religion" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Harappan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hittite_mythology_and_religion" title="Hittite mythology and religion">Hittite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_mythology" title="Hungarian mythology">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurrian_religion" title="Hurrian religion">Hurrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Confederacy#Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois Confederacy">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_mythology" title="Inca mythology">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Maroon_religion" title="Jamaican Maroon religion">Jamaican Maroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manichaeism" title="Manichaeism">Manichaeism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdakism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_mythology" title="Melanesian mythology">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Mesopotamian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_religion" title="Babylonian religion">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumerian_religion" title="Sumerian religion">Sumerian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_mythology" title="Micronesian mythology">Micronesian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_Indigenous_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauruan Indigenous religion">Nauruan Indigenous religion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olmec_religion" title="Olmec religion">Olmec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Paleo-Balkan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_folk_beliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian folk beliefs">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacian mythology">Dacian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_religion" title="Illyrian religion">Illyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_religion" title="Thracian religion">Thracian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Iranian_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-Iranian religion">Proto-Indo-Iranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Iranian_religion" title="Ancient Iranian religion">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Vedic_religion" title="Historical Vedic religion">Vedic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basketmaker_III_Era#Culture_and_religion" title="Basketmaker III Era">Ancestral Pueblo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_II_Period#Culture_and_religion" title="Pueblo II Period">Pueblo II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_III_Period#Culture_and_religion" title="Pueblo III Period">Pueblo III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_IV_Period#Culture_and_religion" title="Pueblo IV Period">Pueblo IV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_mythology" title="Rapa Nui mythology">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cult of Magna Mater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallo-Roman_religion" title="Gallo-Roman religion">Gallo-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_imperial_cult" title="Roman imperial cult">Imperial cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Semitic_religion" title="Ancient Semitic religion">Semitic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canaanite_religion" title="Canaanite religion">Canaanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punic_religion" title="Punic religion">Punic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahwism" title="Yahwism">Yahwism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythian_religion" title="Scythian religion">Scythian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_paganism" title="Slavic paganism">Slavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_mythology" title="Somali mythology">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongan_religion" title="Tongan religion">Tongan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urartu#Religion" title="Urartu">Urartu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vainakh_religion" title="Vainakh religion">Vainakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapotec_civilization#Religion_and_Myth" title="Zapotec civilization">Zapotec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostasy" title="Apostasy">Apostasy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Religious_disaffiliation" title="Religious disaffiliation">Disaffiliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_behaviour" title="Religious behaviour">Behaviour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belief#Religion" title="Belief">Beliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_to_prayer" title="Call to prayer">Call to prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laicism" title="Laicism">Laicism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">Laity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covenant_(religion)" title="Covenant (religion)">Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_conversion" title="Religious conversion">Conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">Deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_denomination" title="Religious denomination">Denomination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogen" title="Entheogen">Entheogens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_religion" title="Ethnic religion">Ethnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith" title="Faith">Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_worship" title="Fire worship">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_religion" title="Folk religion">Folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goddess" title="Goddess">Goddess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_religion" title="Indigenous religion">Indigenous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">Monasticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novice" title="Novice">Novice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">Nun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_mythology" title="Religion and mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordination" title="Ordination">Ordination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy" title="Orthodoxy">Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthopraxy" title="Orthopraxy">Orthopraxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">Paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophecy" title="Prophecy">Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_experience" title="Religious experience">Religious experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">Ritual</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy" title="Liturgy">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual_purification" title="Ritual purification">Purification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_space" title="Sacred space">Sacred space</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_waters" title="Sacred waters">Bodies of water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_grove" title="Sacred grove">Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_mountains" title="Sacred mountains">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_tree" title="Sacred tree">Trees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul" title="Soul">Soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality">Spirituality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_symbol" title="Religious symbol">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">Text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_on_truth" title="Religious views on truth">Truth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_and_religion" title="Water and religion">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worship" title="Worship">Worship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Worship_of_heavenly_bodies" title="Worship of heavenly bodies">Astral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_worship" title="Nature worship">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_of_worship" title="Place of worship">Place</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">Theism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">Animism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">Deism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dualism_in_cosmology" title="Dualism in cosmology">Dualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nontheism" title="Nontheism">Nontheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panentheism" title="Panentheism">Panentheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transtheism" title="Transtheism">Transtheism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_studies" title="Religious studies">Religious<br />studies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthropology_of_religion" title="Anthropology of religion">Anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_science_of_religion" title="Cognitive science of religion">Cognitive science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_religion" title="Comparative religion">Comparative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_origin_of_religion" title="Evolutionary origin of religion">Evolutionary origin of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_psychology_of_religion" title="Evolutionary psychology of religion">Evolutionary psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion" title="History of religion">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroscience_of_religion" title="Neuroscience of religion">Neurotheology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" title="Philosophy of religion">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychology_of_religion" title="Psychology of religion">Psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_religion" title="Sociology of religion">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteriology" title="Soteriology">Soteriology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salvation" title="Salvation">Salvation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theories_about_religion" title="Theories about religion">Theories about religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_and_religion" title="Women and religion">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Religion_and_society" title="Category:Religion and society">Religion <br />and society</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_agriculture" title="Religion and agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_business" title="Religion and business">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clericalism" title="Clericalism">Clericalism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Clergy" title="Clergy">Clergy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordination" title="Ordination">Ordination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">Priest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_conversion" title="Religious conversion">Conversion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_assimilation" title="Religious assimilation">Assimilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">Missionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proselytism" title="Proselytism">Proselytism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_and_religion" title="Disability and religion">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_education" title="Religious education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_fanaticism" title="Religious fanaticism">Fanaticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Freedom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_pluralism" title="Religious pluralism">Pluralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">Syncretism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toleration" title="Toleration">Toleration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universalism" title="Universalism">Universalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentalism" title="Fundamentalism">Fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growth_of_religion" title="Growth of religion">Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_happiness" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion and happiness">Happiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_and_religion" title="Homosexuality and religion">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_religion" title="Minority religion">Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_church" title="National church">National church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Importance_of_religion_by_country" title="Importance of religion by country">National religiosity levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_politics" title="Religion in politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_populations" title="List of religious populations">Populations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religiocentrism" title="Religiocentrism">Religiocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schism" title="Schism">Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_religion_and_science" title="Relationship between religion and science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">Theocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism_and_religion" title="Vegetarianism and religion">Vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_video_games" title="Religion and video games">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence" title="Religious violence">Violence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_persecution" title="Religious persecution">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_terrorism" title="Religious terrorism">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_war" title="Religious war">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarian_violence" title="Sectarian violence">Sectarian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wealth_and_religion" title="Wealth and religion">Wealth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a> <br />and <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">irreligion</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antireligion" title="Antireligion">Antireligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_religion" title="Criticism of religion">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positive_deconstruction" title="Positive deconstruction">Deconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism" title="Objectivism">Objectivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_humanism" title="Secular humanism">Secular humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_theology" title="Secular theology">Secular theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularization" title="Secularization">Secularization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Unaffiliated</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Overviews<br />and <a href="/wiki/Category:Religion-related_lists" title="Category:Religion-related lists">lists</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_prophets_of_Abrahamic_religions" title="Table of prophets of Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_been_considered_deities" title="List of people who have been considered deities">Deification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_deities" title="Lists of deities">Deities</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Founders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_religion-related_articles" title="Index of religion-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_peaceful_gatherings" title="List of largest peaceful gatherings">Mass gatherings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God" title="Names of God">Names of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_religious_movements" title="List of new religious movements">New religious movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_organizations" title="List of religious organizations">Organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_religion" title="Outline of religion">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Religions and spiritual traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_studies" title="Religious studies">Scholars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_religion" title="Timeline of religion">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Religion_by_country" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Religion by country</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Africa" title="Religion in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Algeria" title="Religion in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Angola" title="Religion in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Benin" title="Religion in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Botswana" title="Religion in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Religion in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Burundi" title="Religion in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cameroon" title="Religion in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cape_Verde" title="Religion in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Religion in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Chad" title="Religion in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Comoros" title="Religion in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Religion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Religion in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Djibouti" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Egypt" title="Religion in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Religion in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Eritrea" title="Religion in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Eswatini" title="Religion in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ethiopia" title="Religion in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Gabon" title="Religion in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Gambia" title="Religion in the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ghana" title="Religion in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guinea" title="Religion in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="Religion in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Religion in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kenya" title="Religion in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lesotho" title="Religion in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Liberia" title="Religion in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Libya" title="Religion in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Madagascar" title="Religion in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malawi" title="Religion in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mali" title="Religion in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mauritania" title="Religion in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mauritius" title="Religion in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Morocco" title="Religion in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mozambique" title="Religion in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Namibia" title="Religion in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Niger" title="Religion in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nigeria" title="Religion in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Rwanda" title="Religion in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Religion in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Senegal" title="Religion in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Seychelles" title="Religion in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Religion in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Somalia" title="Religion in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Africa" title="Religion in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Sudan" title="Religion in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sudan" title="Religion in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tanzania" title="Religion in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Togo" title="Religion in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tunisia" title="Religion in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Uganda" title="Religion in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Zambia" title="Religion in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Zimbabwe" title="Religion in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Asia" title="Religion in Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Afghanistan" title="Religion in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Armenia" title="Religion in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Azerbaijan" title="Religion in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bahrain" title="Religion in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bangladesh" title="Religion in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bhutan" title="Religion in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Brunei" title="Religion in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cambodia" title="Religion in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_China" title="Religion in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cyprus" title="Religion in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_East_Timor" title="Religion in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Religion in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hong_Kong" title="Religion in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_India" title="Religion in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Indonesia" title="Religion in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iran" title="Religion in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iraq" title="Religion in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Israel" title="Religion in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Japan" title="Religion in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Jordan" title="Religion in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kazakhstan" title="Religion in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Korea" title="Religion in Korea">Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Korea" title="Religion in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Korea" title="Religion in South Korea">South Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kuwait" title="Religion in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Religion in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Laos" title="Religion in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lebanon" title="Religion in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Macau" title="Religion in Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malaysia" title="Religion in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Maldives" title="Religion in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mongolia" title="Religion in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Myanmar" title="Religion in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nepal" title="Religion in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Oman" title="Religion in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Pakistan" title="Religion in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Philippines" title="Religion in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Qatar" title="Religion in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Religion in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Singapore" title="Religion in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Religion in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Syria" title="Religion in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Taiwan" title="Religion in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tajikistan" title="Religion in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Thailand" title="Religion in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Turkey" title="Religion in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Turkmenistan" title="Religion in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Religion in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Uzbekistan" title="Religion in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vietnam" title="Religion in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Yemen" title="Religion in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Europe" title="Religion in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Albania" title="Religion in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Andorra" title="Religion in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Austria" title="Religion in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belarus" title="Religion in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belgium" title="Religion in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Croatia" title="Religion in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Religion in the Czech Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Denmark" title="Religion in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Finland" title="Religion in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Germany" title="Religion in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Greece" title="Religion in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iceland" title="Religion in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Religion in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kosovo" title="Religion in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Latvia" title="Religion in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Liechtenstein" title="Religion in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lithuania" title="Religion in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Luxembourg" title="Religion in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malta" title="Religion in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Moldova" title="Religion in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Montenegro" title="Religion in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Religion in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Macedonia" title="Religion in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Norway" title="Religion in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Poland" title="Religion in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Portugal" title="Religion in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Romania" title="Religion in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Russia" title="Religion in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_San_Marino" title="Religion in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Serbia" title="Religion in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovakia" title="Religion in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovenia" title="Religion in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Spain" title="Religion in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden" title="Religion in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Switzerland" title="Religion in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ukraine" title="Religion in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_England" title="Religion in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Religion in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Scotland" title="Religion in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wales" title="Religion in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_America" title="Religion in North America">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Religion in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Bahamas" title="Religion in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Barbados" title="Religion in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belize" title="Religion in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canada" title="Religion in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Costa_Rica" title="Religion in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cuba" title="Religion in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Dominica" title="Religion in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Religion in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_El_Salvador" title="Religion in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guatemala" title="Religion in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Haiti" title="Religion in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Honduras" title="Religion in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Jamaica" title="Religion in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mexico" title="Religion in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nicaragua" title="Religion in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Panama" title="Religion in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Religion in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Oceania" title="Religion in Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Australia" title="Religion in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Fiji" title="Religion in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kiribati" title="Religion in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Religion in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Religion in the Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nauru" title="Religion in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_New_Zealand" title="Religion in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Palau" title="Religion in Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Religion in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Samoa" title="Religion in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Solomon_Islands" title="Religion in Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tonga" title="Religion in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tuvalu" title="Religion in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vanuatu" title="Religion in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_America" title="Religion in South America">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Argentina" title="Religion in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bolivia" title="Religion in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Brazil" title="Religion in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Chile" title="Religion in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Colombia" title="Religion in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ecuador" title="Religion in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guyana" title="Religion in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Paraguay" title="Religion in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Peru" title="Religion in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Suriname" title="Religion in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Uruguay" title="Religion in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Venezuela" title="Religion in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Religion" title="Category:Religion">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_of_people_considered_founders_by_specific_groups" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lists_of_people_considered_founders_by_specific_groups" title="Template:Lists of people considered founders by specific groups"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lists_of_people_considered_founders_by_specific_groups" title="Template talk:Lists of people considered founders by specific groups"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lists_of_people_considered_founders_by_specific_groups" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lists of people considered founders by specific groups"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_people_considered_founders_by_specific_groups" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists of people considered founders by specific groups</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_considered_father_or_mother_of_a_field" title="List of people considered father or mother of a field">By fields</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_considered_a_founder_in_a_Humanities_field" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people considered a founder in a Humanities field">Humanities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_Nation" title="Father of the Nation">Nations</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_national_founders" title="List of national founders">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_considered_father_or_mother_of_a_scientific_field" title="List of people considered father or mother of a scientific field">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_considered_father_or_mother_of_a_sport" title="List of people considered father or mother of a sport">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-profit organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_founders_of_English_schools_and_colleges" title="List of founders of English schools and colleges">English schools and colleges</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Religious traditions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_entrepreneurs" title="List of entrepreneurs">Entrepreneurs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specific groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_named_after_people" title="List of companies named after people">Eponymous corporations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_company_founders" title="List of women company founders">Female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_entrepreneurs" title="List of Internet entrepreneurs">Internet-based</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_entrepreneurs" title="List of social entrepreneurs">Social</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationality</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_entrepreneurs" title="List of Brazilian entrepreneurs">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_entrepreneurs" title="List of Indian entrepreneurs">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesians#Business_and_economics" title="List of Indonesians">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_entrepreneurs" title="List of Japanese entrepreneurs">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_entrepreneurs" title="List of Nigerian entrepreneurs">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_entrepreneurs" title="List of Swedish entrepreneurs">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_entrepreneurs" title="List of Turkish entrepreneurs">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Zambian_entrepreneurs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Zambian entrepreneurs">Zambia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&oldid=1247118648">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&oldid=1247118648</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Founders_of_religions" title="Category:Founders of religions">Founders of religions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_religion" title="Category:History of religion">History of religion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_religious_leaders" title="Category:Lists of religious leaders">Lists of religious leaders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religion-related_lists" title="Category:Religion-related lists">Religion-related lists</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2016" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2016">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2010" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 September 2024, at 22:32<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c9b544f44-6lm9w","wgBackendResponseTime":160,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.950","walltime":"1.182","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3976,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":285997,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3203,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":122105,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 766.877 1 -total"," 28.95% 221.979 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.11% 154.186 12 Template:Cite_book"," 16.82% 128.993 5 Template:Navbox"," 15.86% 121.629 1 Template:History_of_religions"," 10.70% 82.072 1 Template:Short_description"," 9.25% 70.906 1 Template:Religion_topics"," 8.82% 67.641 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 6.90% 52.912 5 Template:Sfn"," 6.60% 50.618 2 Template:Citation_needed"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.443","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7842419,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"Beit-Hallahmi98\"] = 1,\n [\"Brueggemann2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBowker2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCharpentier,_Jarl1922\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCousins1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFisher1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHendrixOkeja2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHornung1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHugan2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKillebrew2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRadhakrishnanMoore1957\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRiegel2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchumann2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUpinder_Singh2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZimmer1953\"] = 1,\n [\"Chryssides2001\"] = 1,\n [\"Jestice2004\"] = 1,\n [\"Melton2003\"] = 1,\n [\"SmithProkopy2003\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 4,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 3,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Founders Of Religious Traditions\"] = 1,\n [\"For\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 2,\n [\"Hatnote\"] = 1,\n [\"History of religions\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 2,\n [\"Lists of people considered founders by specific groups\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Religion topics\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 5,\n [\"Sfnref\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-lzfqw","timestamp":"20241125142720","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"List of founders of religious traditions","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1778894","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1778894","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-11-15T14:15:53Z","dateModified":"2024-09-22T22:32:26Z","headline":"Wikimedia list article"}</script> </body> </html>