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Fischer</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Stefan Fischer"> <meta name="keywords" content="Stefan Fischer"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Stefan Fischer"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 69</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Stefan Fischer</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Investigation of the Synthesis of Alcohols Byproducts in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on Modified Fe-Cu Catalyst: Reactivity and Mechanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wanyu%20Mao">Wanyu Mao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Qiwen%20Sun"> Qiwen Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dingye%20Fang"> Dingye Fang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of copper promoters and reaction conditions on the formation of alcohols byproducts of a common Fischer-Tropsch synthesis used iron-based catalysts were investigated. A good compromise of 28%Cu/FeKLaSiO2 can lead to the optimization of an improved Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. The product distribution shifts towards hydrocarbons with increasing the reaction temperature, while pressure promotes the formation of alcohols. It was found that the production of either alcohols or hydrocarbons followed A-S-F distributions, and their α parameters were essentially different which indicated a competition in the growing chain between the two species. TPD after acetaldehyde adsorption gave strong evidence of the insertion of a C1 oxygen-containing species into an alkyl chain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch%20synthesis" title="Fischer-Tropsch synthesis">Fischer-Tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fe-Cu%20catalyst" title=" Fe-Cu catalyst"> Fe-Cu catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=alcohols%0Abyproducts" title=" alcohols byproducts"> alcohols byproducts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reaction%20pathways" title=" reaction pathways"> reaction pathways</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/investigation-of-the-synthesis-of-alcohols-byproducts-in-fischer-tropsch-synthesis-on-modified-fe-cu-catalyst-reactivity-and-mechanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1634</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Investigation on Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt-Gadolinium Catalyst</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jian%20Huang">Jian Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weixin%20Qian"> Weixin Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cobalt-gadolinium catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was prepared by impregnation method with commercial silica gel, and its texture properties were characterized by BET, XRD, and TPR. The catalytic performance of the catalyst was tested in a fixed bed reactor. The results showed that the addition of gadolinium to the cobalt catalyst might decrease the size of cobalt particles, and increased the dispersion of catalytic active cobalt phases. The carbon number distributions for the catalysts was calculated by ASF equation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch%20synthesis" title="Fischer-Tropsch synthesis">Fischer-Tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cobalt-based%20catalysts" title=" cobalt-based catalysts"> cobalt-based catalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gadolinium" title=" gadolinium"> gadolinium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=carbon%20number%20distributions." title=" carbon number distributions."> carbon number distributions.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/investigation-on-fischer-tropsch-synthesis-over-cobalt-gadolinium-catalyst" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1608</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> CFD Simulation of Fixed Bed Reactor in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis of GTL Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sh.%20Shahhosseini">Sh. Shahhosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Alinia"> S. Alinia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Irani"> M. Irani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper 2D Simulation of catalytic Fixed Bed Reactor in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis of GTL technology has been performed utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Synthesis gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen) has been used as feedstock. The reactor was modeled and the model equations were solved employing finite volume method. The model was validated against the experimental data reported in literature. The comparison showed a good agreement between simulation results and the experimental data. In addition, the model was applied to predict the concentration contours of the reactants and products along the length of reactor.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GTL" title="GTL">GTL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer%E2%80%93Tropsch%20synthesis" title=" Fischer–Tropsch synthesis"> Fischer–Tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fixed%20Bed%20Reactor" title=" Fixed Bed Reactor"> Fixed Bed Reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CFD%20simulation." title=" CFD simulation."> CFD simulation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/cfd-simulation-of-fixed-bed-reactor-in-fischer-tropsch-synthesis-of-gtl-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2924</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Effect of the Support Shape on Fischer-Tropsch Cobalt Catalyst Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jian%20Huang">Jian Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weixin%20Qian"> Weixin Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hongfang%20Ma"> Hongfang Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Cobalt catalysts were supported on extruded silica carrier and different-type (SiO<sub>2</sub>, γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) commercial supports with different shapes and sizes to produce heavy hydrocarbons for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The catalysts were characterized by N<sub>2</sub> physisorption and H<sub>2</sub>-TPR. The catalytic performance of the catalysts was tested in a fixed bed reactor. The results of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis performance showed that the cobalt catalyst supported on spherical silica supports displayed a higher activity and a higher selectivity to C<sub>5</sub><sup>+</sup> products, due to the fact that the active components were only distributed in the surface layer of spherical carrier, and the influence of gas diffusion restriction on catalytic performance was weakened. Therefore, it can be concluded that the eggshell cobalt catalyst was superior to precious metals modified catalysts in the synthesis of heavy hydrocarbons.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch%20synthesis" title="Fischer-Tropsch synthesis">Fischer-Tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cobalt%20catalyst" title=" cobalt catalyst"> cobalt catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=support%20shape" title=" support shape"> support shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heavy%20hydrocarbons." title=" heavy hydrocarbons."> heavy hydrocarbons.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/effect-of-the-support-shape-on-fischer-tropsch-cobalt-catalyst-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009781.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">765</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Measurements of Radial Velocity in Fixed Fluidized Bed for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Using LDV</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xiaolai%20Zhang">Xiaolai Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Qiwen%20Sun"> Qiwen Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weixin%20Qian"> Weixin Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process use fixed fluidized bed as a reactor. In order to understand the flow behavior in the fluidized bed better, the research of how the radial velocity affects the entire flow field is necessary. Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) was used to study the radial velocity distribution along the diameter direction of the cross-section of the particle in a fixed fluidized bed. The velocity in the cross-section is fluctuating within a small range. The direction of the speed is a random phenomenon. In addition to r/R is 1, the axial velocity are more than 6 times of the radial velocity, the radial velocity has little impact on the axial velocity in a fixed fluidized bed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LDV" title="LDV">LDV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fixed%20fluidized%20bed" title=" fixed fluidized bed"> fixed fluidized bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=velocity" title=" velocity"> velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch%0D%0Asynthesis." title=" Fischer-Tropsch synthesis."> Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/measurements-of-radial-velocity-in-fixed-fluidized-bed-for-fischer-tropsch-synthesis-using-ldv" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1628</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> A Numerical Solution Based On Operational Matrix of Differentiation of Shifted Second Kind Chebyshev Wavelets for a Stefan Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rajeev">Rajeev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20K.%20Raigar"> N. K. Raigar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, one dimensional phase change problem (a Stefan problem) is considered and a numerical solution of this problem is discussed. First, we use similarity transformation to convert the governing equations into ordinary differential equations with its boundary conditions. The solutions of ordinary differential equation with the associated boundary conditions and interface condition (Stefan condition) are obtained by using a numerical approach based on operational matrix of differentiation of shifted second kind Chebyshev wavelets. The obtained results are compared with existing exact solution which is sufficiently accurate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Operational%20matrix%20of%20differentiation" title="Operational matrix of differentiation">Operational matrix of differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Similarity%0D%0Atransformation" title=" Similarity transformation"> Similarity transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shifted%20second%20kind%20Chebyshev%20wavelets" title=" Shifted second kind Chebyshev wavelets"> Shifted second kind Chebyshev wavelets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%0D%0Aproblem." title=" Stefan problem."> Stefan problem.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/a-numerical-solution-based-on-operational-matrix-of-differentiation-of-shifted-second-kind-chebyshev-wavelets-for-a-stefan-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2001</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Gasoline and Diesel Production via Fischer- Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt Based Catalyst</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Choosri">N. Choosri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Swadchaipong"> N. Swadchaipong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Utistham"> T. Utistham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=U.%20W.%20Hartley"> U. W. Hartley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Performance of a cobalt doped sol-gel derived silica (Co/SiO2) catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) in slurryphase reactor was studied using paraffin wax as initial liquid media. The reactive mixed gas, hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) in a molar ratio of 2:1, was flowed at 50 ml/min. Braunauer-Emmett- Teller (BET) surface area and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were employed to characterize both the specific surface area and crystallinity of the catalyst, respectively. The reduction behavior of Co/SiO2 catalyst was investigated using the Temperature Programmmed Reduction (TPR) method. Operating temperatures were varied from 493 to 533K to find the optimum conditions to maximize liquid fuels production, gasoline and diesel.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer%20Tropsch%20synthesis" title="Fischer Tropsch synthesis">Fischer Tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=slurry%20phase" title=" slurry phase"> slurry phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Co%2FSiO2" title=" Co/SiO2"> Co/SiO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=operating%20temperature." title=" operating temperature."> operating temperature.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/gasoline-and-diesel-production-via-fischer-tropsch-synthesis-over-cobalt-based-catalyst" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Modeling the Fischer-Tropsch Reaction In a Slurry Bubble Column Reactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Gholami">F. Gholami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Torabi%20Angaji"> M. Torabi Angaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Z.%20Gholami"> Z. Gholami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is one of the most important catalytic reactions that convert the synthetic gas to light and heavy hydrocarbons. One of the main issues is selecting the type of reactor. The slurry bubble reactor is suitable choice for Fischer- Tropsch synthesis because of its good qualification to transfer heat and mass, high durability of catalyst, low cost maintenance and repair. The more common catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis are Iron-based and Cobalt-based catalysts, the advantage of these catalysts on each other depends on which type of hydrocarbons we desire to produce. In this study, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is modeled with Iron and Cobalt catalysts in a slurry bubble reactor considering mass and momentum balance and the hydrodynamic relations effect on the reactor behavior. Profiles of reactant conversion and reactant concentration in gas and liquid phases were determined as the functions of residence time in the reactor. The effects of temperature, pressure, liquid velocity, reactor diameter, catalyst diameter, gasliquid and liquid-solid mass transfer coefficients and kinetic coefficients on the reactant conversion have been studied. With 5% increase of liquid velocity (with Iron catalyst), H2 conversions increase about 6% and CO conversion increase about 4%, With 8% increase of liquid velocity (with Cobalt catalyst), H2 conversions increase about 26% and CO conversion increase about 4%. With 20% increase of gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient (with Iron catalyst), H2 conversions increase about 12% and CO conversion increase about 10% and with Cobalt catalyst H2 conversions increase about 10% and CO conversion increase about 6%. Results show that the process is sensitive to gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient and optimum condition operation occurs in maximum possible liquid velocity. This velocity must be more than minimum fluidization velocity and less than terminal velocity in such a way that avoid catalysts particles from leaving the fluidized bed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Modeling" title="Modeling">Modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch%20Synthesis" title=" Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis"> Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Slurry%20Bubble%0AColumn%20Reactor." title=" Slurry Bubble Column Reactor."> Slurry Bubble Column Reactor.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/modeling-the-fischer-tropsch-reaction-in-a-slurry-bubble-column-reactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3020</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Kinetic Modeling of the Fischer-Tropsch Reactions and Modeling Steady State Heterogeneous Reactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Ahmadi%20Marvast">M. Ahmadi Marvast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Sohrabi"> M. Sohrabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Ganji"> H. Ganji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The rate of production of main products of the Fischer-Tropsch reactions over Fe/HZSM5 bifunctional catalyst in a fixed bed reactor is investigated at a broad range of temperature, pressure, space velocity, H2/CO feed molar ratio and CO2, CH4 and water flow rates. Model discrimination and parameter estimation were performed according to the integral method of kinetic analysis. Due to lack of mechanism development for Fisher – Tropsch Synthesis on bifunctional catalysts, 26 different models were tested and the best model is selected. Comprehensive one and two dimensional heterogeneous reactor models are developed to simulate the performance of fixed-bed Fischer – Tropsch reactors. To reduce computational time for optimization purposes, an Artificial Feed Forward Neural Network (AFFNN) has been used to describe intra particle mass and heat transfer diffusion in the catalyst pellet. It is seen that products' reaction rates have direct relation with H2 partial pressure and reverse relation with CO partial pressure. The results show that the hybrid model has good agreement with rigorous mechanistic model, favoring that the hybrid model is about 25-30 times faster.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch" title="Fischer-Tropsch">Fischer-Tropsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heterogeneous%20modeling" title=" heterogeneous modeling"> heterogeneous modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kinetic%20study." title=" kinetic study."> kinetic study.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/kinetic-modeling-of-the-fischer-tropsch-reactions-and-modeling-steady-state-heterogeneous-reactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2820</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Effect of Recycle Gas on Activity and Selectivity of Co-Ru/Al2O3 Catalyst in Fischer- Tropsch Synthesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.A.Rohani">A.A.Rohani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.Hatami"> B.Hatami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.Jokar"> L.Jokar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.khorasheh"> F.khorasheh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.A.Safekordi"> A.A.Safekordi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In industrial scale of Gas to Liquid (GTL) process in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, a part of reactor outlet gases such as CO2 and CH4 as side reaction products, is usually recycled. In this study, the influence of CO2 and CH4 on the performance and selectivity of Co-Ru/Al2O3 catalyst is investigated by injection of these gases (0-20 vol. % of feed) to the feed stream. The effect of temperature and feed flow rate, are also inspected. The results show that low amounts of CO2 in the feed stream, doesn`t change the catalyst activity significantly but increasing the amount of CO2 (more than 10 vol. %) cause the CO conversion to decrease and the selectivity of heavy components to increase. Methane acts as an inert gas and doesn`t affect the catalyst performance. Increasing feed flow rate has negative effect on both CO conversion and heavy component selectivity. By raising the temperature, CO conversion will increase but there are more volatile components in the product. The effect of CO2 on the catalyst deactivation is also investigated carefully and a mechanism is suggested to explain the negative influence of CO2 on catalyst deactivation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alumina" title="Alumina">Alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Carbon%20dioxide" title=" Carbon dioxide"> Carbon dioxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cobalt%20catalyst" title=" Cobalt catalyst"> Cobalt catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Conversion" title=" Conversion"> Conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer%20Tropsch" title=" Fischer Tropsch"> Fischer Tropsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Selectivity" title=" Selectivity"> Selectivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/effect-of-recycle-gas-on-activity-and-selectivity-of-co-rual2o3-catalyst-in-fischer-tropsch-synthesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1976</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Investigation of Syngas Production from Waste Gas and Ratio Adjustment using a Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Reactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.Darzi">E.Darzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a reformer model simulation to use refinery (Farashband refinery, Iran) waste natural gas. In the petroleum and allied sectors where natural gas is being encountered (in form of associated gas) without prior preparation for its positive use, its combustion (which takes place in flares, an equipment through which they are being disposed) has become a great problem because of its associated environmental problems in form of gaseous emission. The proposed model is used to product syngas from waste natural gas. A detailed steady model described by a set of ordinary differential and algebraic equations was developed to predict the behavior of the overall process. The proposed steady reactor model was validated against process data of a reformer synthesis plant recorded and a good agreement was achieved. H2/CO ratio has important effect on Fischer- Tropsch synthesis reactor product and we try to achieve this parameter with best designing reformer reactor. We study different kind of reformer reactors and then select auto thermal reforming process of natural gas in a fixed bed reformer that adjustment H2/CO ratio with CO2 and H2O injection. Finally a strategy was proposed for prevention of extra natural gas to atmosphere. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch" title="Fischer-Tropsch">Fischer-Tropsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=injection" title=" injection"> injection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reformer" title=" reformer"> reformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=syngas" title=" syngas"> syngas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=waste%0Anatural%20gas." title=" waste natural gas."> waste natural gas.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/investigation-of-syngas-production-from-waste-gas-and-ratio-adjustment-using-a-fischer-tropsch-synthesis-reactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1732</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Application of Modified Maxwell-Stefan Equation for Separation of Aqueous Phenol by Pervaporation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ujjal%20K%20Ghosh">Ujjal K Ghosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ling%20Teen"> Ling Teen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Pervaporation has the potential to be an alternative to the other traditional separation processes such as distillation, adsorption, reverse osmosis and extraction. This study investigates the separation of phenol from water using a polyurethane membrane by pervaporation by applying the modified Maxwell-Stephen model. The modified Maxwell-Stefan model takes into account the non-ideal multi-component solubility effect, nonideal diffusivity of all permeating components, concentration dependent density of the membrane and diffusion coupling to predict various fluxes. Four cases has been developed to investigate the process parameters effects on the flux and weight fraction of phenol in the permeate values namely feed concentration, membrane thickness, operating temperature and operating downstream pressure. The model could describe semi-quantitatively the performance of the pervaporation membrane for the given system as a very good agreement between the observed and theoretical fluxes was observed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pervaporation" title="Pervaporation">Pervaporation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phenol" title=" Phenol"> Phenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Polyurethane" title=" Polyurethane"> Polyurethane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Modified%20Maxwell-Stefan%20equation" title=" Modified Maxwell-Stefan equation"> Modified Maxwell-Stefan equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Solution%20Diffusion" title=" Solution Diffusion"> Solution Diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/application-of-modified-maxwell-stefan-equation-for-separation-of-aqueous-phenol-by-pervaporation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2740</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> FleGSens – Secure Area Monitoring Using Wireless Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20Rothenpieler">Peter Rothenpieler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Daniela%20Kruger"> Daniela Kruger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dennis%20Pfisterer"> Dennis Pfisterer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%20Fischer"> Stefan Fischer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Denise%20Dudek"> Denise Dudek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Christian%20Haas"> Christian Haas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Martina%20Zitterbart"> Martina Zitterbart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the project FleGSens, a wireless sensor network (WSN) for the surveillance of critical areas and properties is currently developed which incorporates mechanisms to ensure information security. The intended prototype consists of 200 sensor nodes for monitoring a 500m long land strip. The system is focused on ensuring integrity and authenticity of generated alarms and availability in the presence of an attacker who may even compromise a limited number of sensor nodes. In this paper, two of the main protocols developed in the project are presented, a tracking protocol to provide secure detection of trespasses within the monitored area and a protocol for secure detection of node failures. Simulation results of networks containing 200 and 2000 nodes as well as the results of the first prototype comprising a network of 16 nodes are presented. The focus of the simulations and prototype are functional testing of the protocols and particularly demonstrating the impact and cost of several attacks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wireless%20Sensor%20Network" title="Wireless Sensor Network">Wireless Sensor Network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Security" title=" Security"> Security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trespass%20Detection" title=" Trespass Detection"> Trespass Detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Testbed." title=" Testbed."> Testbed.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/flegsens-secure-area-monitoring-using-wireless-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1977</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Adsorption of H2 and CO on Iron-based Catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weixin%20Qian">Weixin Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hongfang%20Ma"> Hongfang Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yongdi%20Liu"> Yongdi Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dingye%20Fang"> Dingye Fang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The adsorption properties of CO and H2 on iron-based catalyst with addition of Zr and Ni were investigated using temperature programmed desorption process. It was found that on the carburized iron-based catalysts, molecular state and dissociative state CO existed together. The addition of Zr was preferential for the molecular state adsorption of CO on iron-based catalyst and the presence of Ni was beneficial to the dissociative adsorption of CO. On H2 reduced catalysts, hydrogen mainly adsorbs on the surface iron sites and surface oxide sites. On CO reduced catalysts, hydrogen probably existed as the most stable CH and OH species. The addition of Zr was not benefit to the dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on iron-based catalyst and the presence of Ni was preferential for the dissociative adsorption of hydrogen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch%20synthesis" title=" Fischer-Tropsch synthesis"> Fischer-Tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iron-based%0Acatalysts" title=" iron-based catalysts"> iron-based catalysts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/adsorption-of-h2-and-co-on-iron-based-catalysts-for-fischer-tropsch-synthesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Impact of Fischer-Tropsch Wax on Ethylene Vinyl Acetate/Waste Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen: An Energy-Sustainability Nexus </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Keith%20D.%20Nare">Keith D. Nare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohau%20J.%20Phiri"> Mohau J. Phiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=James%20Carson"> James Carson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chris%20D.%20Woolard"> Chris D. Woolard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shanganyane%20P.%20Hlangothi"> Shanganyane P. Hlangothi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In an energy-intensive world, minimizing energy consumption is paramount to cost saving and reducing the carbon footprint. Improving mixture procedures utilizing warm mix additive Fischer-Tropsch (FT) wax in ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and modified bitumen highlights a greener and sustainable approach to modified bitumen. In this study, the impact of FT wax on optimized EVA/waste crumb rubber modified bitumen is assayed with a maximum loading of 2.5%. The rationale of the FT wax loading is to maintain the original maximum loading of EVA in the optimized mixture. The phase change abilities of FT wax enable EVA co-crystallization with the support of the elastomeric backbone of crumb rubber. Less than 1% loading of FT wax worked in the EVA/crumb rubber modified bitumen energy-sustainability nexus. Response surface methodology approach to the mixture design is implemented amongst the different loadings of FT wax, EVA for a consistent amount of crumb rubber and bitumen. Rheological parameters (complex shear modulus, phase angle and rutting parameter) were the factors used as performance indicators of the different optimized mixtures. The low temperature chemistry of the optimized mixtures is analyzed using elementary beam theory and the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle. Master curves and black space diagrams are developed and used to predict age-induced cracking of the different long term aged mixtures. Modified binder rheology reveals that the strain response is not linear and that there is substantial re-arrangement of polymer chains as stress is increased, this is based on the age state of the mixture and the FT wax and EVA loadings. Dominance of individual effects is evident over effects of synergy in co-interaction of EVA and FT wax. All-inclusive FT wax and EVA formulations were best optimized in mixture 4 with mixture 7 reflecting increase in ease of workability. Findings show that interaction chemistry of bitumen, crumb rubber EVA, and FT wax is first and second order in all cases involving individual contributions and co-interaction amongst the components of the mixture.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bitumen" title="Bitumen">Bitumen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=crumb%20rubber" title=" crumb rubber"> crumb rubber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ethylene%20vinyl%20acetate" title=" ethylene vinyl acetate"> ethylene vinyl acetate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FT%20wax." title=" FT wax. "> FT wax. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/impact-of-fischer-tropsch-wax-on-ethylene-vinyl-acetatewaste-crumb-rubber-modified-bitumen-an-energy-sustainability-nexus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">946</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Developments for ''Virtual'' Monitoring and Process Simulation of the Cryogenic Pilot Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Carmen%20Maria%20Moraru">Carmen Maria Moraru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Iuliana%20Stefan"> Iuliana Stefan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ovidiu%20Balteanu"> Ovidiu Balteanu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ciprian%20Bucur"> Ciprian Bucur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Liviu%20Stefan"> Liviu Stefan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anisia%20Bornea"> Anisia Bornea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ioan%20Stefanescu">Ioan Stefanescu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The implementation of the new software and hardware-s technologies for tritium processing nuclear plants, and especially those with an experimental character or of new technology developments shows a coefficient of complexity due to issues raised by the implementation of the performing instrumentation and equipment into a unitary monitoring system of the nuclear technological process of tritium removal. Keeping the system-s flexibility is a demand of the nuclear experimental plants for which the change of configuration, process and parameters is something usual. The big amount of data that needs to be processed stored and accessed for real time simulation and optimization demands the achievement of the virtual technologic platform where the data acquiring, control and analysis systems of the technological process can be integrated with a developed technological monitoring system. Thus, integrated computing and monitoring systems needed for the supervising of the technological process will be executed, to be continued with the execution of optimization system, by choosing new and performed methods corresponding to the technological processes within the tritium removal processing nuclear plants. The developing software applications is executed with the support of the program packages dedicated to industrial processes and they will include acquisition and monitoring sub-modules, named “virtually" as well as the storage sub-module of the process data later required for the software of optimization and simulation of the technological process for tritium removal. The system plays and important role in the environment protection and durable development through new technologies, that is – the reduction of and fight against industrial accidents in the case of tritium processing nuclear plants. Research for monitoring optimisation of nuclear processes is also a major driving force for economic and social development.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Monitoring%20system" title="Monitoring system">Monitoring system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=process%20simulation." title=" process simulation."> process simulation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/developments-for-virtual-monitoring-and-process-simulation-of-the-cryogenic-pilot-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1973</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Efficient Preparation and Characterization of Carbohydrate Based Monomers. D-mannose Derivatives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20M.%20Stefan">L. M. Stefan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20M.%20Pana"> A. M. Pana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Silion"> M. Silion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Balan"> M. Balan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Bandur"> G. Bandur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20M.%20Rusnac"> L. M. Rusnac</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The field of polymeric biomaterials is very important from the socio-economical viewpoint. Synthetic carbohydrate polymers are being increasingly investigated as biodegradable, biocompatible and biorenewable materials. The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize some derivatives based on D-mannose. D-mannose was chemically modified to obtain 1-O-allyl-2,3:5,6-di- O-isopropylidene-D-mannofuranose and 1-O-(2-,3--epoxy-propyl)- 2,3:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannofuranose. The chemical structure of the resulting compounds was characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy, and by HPLC-MS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D-mannose" title="D-mannose">D-mannose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biopolymers" title=" biopolymers "> biopolymers </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spectroscopy" title=" spectroscopy"> spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=synthesis." title=" synthesis."> synthesis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/efficient-preparation-and-characterization-of-carbohydrate-based-monomers-d-mannose-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> A General Model for Amino Acid Interaction Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Omar%20Gaci">Omar Gaci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%20Balev"> Stefan Balev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we introduce the notion of protein interaction network. This is a graph whose vertices are the protein-s amino acids and whose edges are the interactions between them. Using a graph theory approach, we identify a number of properties of these networks. We compare them to the general small-world network model and we analyze their hierarchical structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=interaction%20network" title="interaction network">interaction network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=protein%20structure" title=" protein structure"> protein structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=small-world%20network." title=" small-world network."> small-world network.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/a-general-model-for-amino-acid-interaction-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Cognitive Virtual Exploration for Optimization Model Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Livier%20Serna">Livier Serna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xavier%20Fischer"> Xavier Fischer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fouad%20Bennis"> Fouad Bennis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a decision aid method for preoptimization is presented. The method is called “negotiation", and it is based on the identification, formulation, modeling and use of indicators defined as “negotiation indicators". These negotiation indicators are used to explore the solution space by means of a classbased approach. The classes are subdomains for the negotiation indicators domain. They represent equivalent cognitive solutions in terms of the negotiation indictors being used. By this method, we reduced the size of the solution space and the criteria, thus aiding the optimization methods. We present an example to show the method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Optimization%20Model%20Reduction" title="Optimization Model Reduction">Optimization Model Reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pre-Optimization" title=" Pre-Optimization"> Pre-Optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Negotiation%20Process" title="Negotiation Process">Negotiation Process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Class-Making" title=" Class-Making"> Class-Making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognition%20Based%20VirtualExploration." title=" Cognition Based VirtualExploration."> Cognition Based VirtualExploration.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/cognitive-virtual-exploration-for-optimization-model-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5545.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> AudioMine: Medical Data Mining in Heterogeneous Audiology Records </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shaun%20Cox">Shaun Cox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Michael%20Oakes"> Michael Oakes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%20Wermter"> Stefan Wermter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maurice%20Hawthorne"> Maurice Hawthorne</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>We report on the results of a pilot study in which a data-mining tool was developed for mining audiology records. The records were heterogeneous in that they contained numeric, category and textual data. The tools developed are designed to observe associations between any field in the records and any other field. The techniques employed were the statistical chi-squared test, and the use of self-organizing maps, an unsupervised neural learning approach.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Audiology" title="Audiology">Audiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chi-squared" title=" chi-squared"> chi-squared</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=self-organizing%20maps" title=" self-organizing maps"> self-organizing maps</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/audiomine-medical-data-mining-in-heterogeneous-audiology-records" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3145.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1671</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Detecting Community Structure in Amino Acid Interaction Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Omar%20GACI">Omar GACI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%20BALEV"> Stefan BALEV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Antoine%20DUTOT"> Antoine DUTOT</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper we introduce the notion of protein interaction network. This is a graph whose vertices are the protein-s amino acids and whose edges are the interactions between them. Using a graph theory approach, we observe that according to their structural roles, the nodes interact differently. By leading a community structure detection, we confirm this specific behavior and describe thecommunities composition to finally propose a new approach to fold a protein interaction network.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=interaction%20network" title="interaction network">interaction network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=protein%20structure" title=" protein structure"> protein structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=community%20structure%20detection." title=" community structure detection."> community structure detection.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/detecting-community-structure-in-amino-acid-interaction-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2391.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1519</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> From Hype to Ignorance – A Review of 30 Years of Lean Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%20Schmidt">Stefan Schmidt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lean production (or lean management respectively) gained popularity in several waves. The last three decades have been filled with numerous attempts to apply these concepts in companies. However, this has only been partially successful. The roots of lean production can be traced back to Toyota-s just-in-time production. This concept, which according to Womack-s, Jones- and Roos- research at MIT was employed by Japanese car manufacturers, became popular under its international names “lean production", “lean-manufacturing" and was termed “Schlanke Produktion" in Germany. This contribution shows a review about lean production in Germany over the last thirty years: development, trial & error and implementation as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Application" title="Application">Application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=JIT" title=" JIT"> JIT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lean%20production" title=" lean production"> lean production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=review" title=" review"> review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trial%20and%0Aerror." title=" trial and error."> trial and error.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/from-hype-to-ignorance-a-review-of-30-years-of-lean-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14172.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Generative Syntaxes: Macro-Heterophony and the Form of ‘Synchrony’</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lumini%C5%A3a%20Du%C5%A3ic%C4%83">Luminiţa Duţică</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gheorghe%20Du%C5%A3ic%C4%83"> Gheorghe Duţică</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>One of the most powerful language innovation in the twentieth century music was the heterophony–hypostasis of the vertical syntax entered into the sphere of interest of many composers, such as George Enescu, Pierre Boulez, Mauricio Kagel, György Ligeti and others. The heterophonic syntax has a history of its growth, which means a succession of different concepts and writing techniques. The trajectory of settling this phenomenon does not necessarily take into account the chronology: there are highly complex primary stages and advanced stages of returning to the simple forms of writing. In folklore, the plurimelodic simultaneities are free or random and originate from the (unintentional) differences/‘deviations’ from the state of unison, through a variety of ornaments, melismas, imitations, elongations and abbreviations, all in a flexible rhythmic and non-periodic/immeasurable framework, proper to the <em>parlando-rubato</em> rhythmics. Within the general framework of the multivocal organization, the heterophonic syntax in elaborate (academic) version has imposed itself relatively late compared with polyphony and homophony. Of course, the explanation is simple, if we consider the causal relationship between the sound vocabulary elements – in this case, the modalism – and the typologies of vertical organization appropriate for it. Therefore, adding up the ‘classic’ pathway of the writing typologies (monody – polyphony – homophony), heterophony - applied equally to the structures of modal, serial or synthesis vocabulary – reclaims necessarily an own macrotemporal form, in the sense of the analogies enshrined by the evolution of the musical styles and languages: polyphony→fugue, homophony→sonata. Concerned about the prospect of edifying a new musical ontology, the composer Ştefan Niculescu experienced – along with the mathematical organization of heterophony according to his own original methods – the possibility of extrapolation of this phenomenon in macrostructural plan, reaching this way to the unique form of ‘synchrony’. Founded on <em>coincidentia oppositorum</em> principle (involving the ‘one-multiple’ binom), the sound architecture imagined by Ştefan Niculescu consists in one (temporal) model / algorithm of articulation of two sound states: 1. monovocality state (principle of identity) and 2. multivocality state (principle of difference). In this context, the heterophony becomes an (auto)generative mechanism, with macrotemporal amplitude, strategy that will be grown by the composer, practically throughout his creation (see the works: <em>Ison I</em>, <em>Ison II</em>, <em>Unisonos I</em>, <em>Unisonos II</em>, <em>Duplum</em>, <em>Triplum</em>, <em>Psalmus</em>, <em>Héterophonies pour Montreux (Homages to Enescu and Bartók</em> etc.). For the present demonstration, we selected one of the most edifying works of Ştefan Niculescu – <em>Simphony II, Opus dacicum</em> – where the form of (heterophony-)synchrony acquires monumental-symphonic features, representing an emblematic case for the complexity level achieved by this type of vertical syntax in the twentieth century music.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heterophony" title="Heterophony">Heterophony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=modalism" title=" modalism"> modalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=serialism" title=" serialism"> serialism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=synchrony" title=" synchrony"> synchrony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=syntax." title=" syntax. "> syntax. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/generative-syntaxes-macro-heterophony-and-the-form-of-synchrony" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008465.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">730</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> The Influence of the Commons Structure Modification on the Allocation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oana%20Pop">Oana Pop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Constantin%20Barbulescu"> Constantin Barbulescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mircea%20Nemes"> Mircea Nemes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%20Kilyeni"> Stefan Kilyeni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The tracing methods determine the contribution the power system sources have in their supplying. The methods can be used to assess the transmission prices, but also to recover the transmission fixed cost. In this paper is presented the influence of the modification of commons structure has on the specific price of transfer. The operator must make use of a few basic principles about allocation. Most tracing methods are based on the proportional sharing principle. In this paper Kirschen method is used. In order to illustrate this method, the 25- bus test system is used, elaborated within the Electrical Power Engineering Department, from Timisoara, Romania. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Power%20systems" title="Power systems">Power systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P-U%20bus" title=" P-U bus"> P-U bus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P-Q%20bus" title=" P-Q bus"> P-Q bus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tracing%20methods." title=" tracing methods."> tracing methods.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/the-influence-of-the-commons-structure-modification-on-the-allocation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> A method of Authentication for Quantum Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%20Rass">Stefan Rass</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantum cryptography offers a way of key agreement, which is unbreakable by any external adversary. Authentication is of crucial importance, as perfect secrecy is worthless if the identity of the addressee cannot be ensured before sending important information. Message authentication has been studied thoroughly, but no approach seems to be able to explicitly counter meet-in-the-middle impersonation attacks. The goal of this paper is the development of an authentication scheme being resistant against active adversaries controlling the communication channel. The scheme is built on top of a key-establishment protocol and is unconditionally secure if built upon quantum cryptographic key exchange. In general, the security is the same as for the key-agreement protocol lying underneath. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Meet-in-the-middle%20attack" title="Meet-in-the-middle attack">Meet-in-the-middle attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quantum%20key%20distribution" title=" quantum key distribution"> quantum key distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quantum%20networks" title=" quantum networks"> quantum networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unconditionally%20secure%20authentication." title=" unconditionally secure authentication."> unconditionally secure authentication.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/a-method-of-authentication-for-quantum-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1905</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Investigation of the GFR2400 Reactivity Control System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J%C3%A1n%20Ha%C5%A1%C4%8D%C3%ADk">Ján Haščík</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%C5%A0tefan%20%C4%8Cerba"> Štefan Čerba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jakub%20L%C3%BCley"> Jakub Lüley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Branislav%20Vrban"> Branislav Vrban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The presented paper is related to the design methods and neutronic characterization of the reactivity control system in the large power unit of Generation IV Gas cooled Fast Reactor – GFR2400. The reactor core is based on carbide pin fuel type with the application of refractory metallic liners used to enhance the fission product retention of the SiCcladding. The heterogeneous design optimization of control rod is presented and the results of rods worth and their interferences in a core are evaluated. In addition, the idea of reflector removal as an additive reactivity management option is investigated and briefly described.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Control%20rods%20design" title="Control rods design">Control rods design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GFR2400" title=" GFR2400"> GFR2400</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hot%20spot" title=" hot spot"> hot spot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=movable%20reflector" title=" movable reflector"> movable reflector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reactivity." title=" reactivity."> reactivity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/investigation-of-the-gfr2400-reactivity-control-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1808</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Separation of CO2 Using MFI-Alumina Nanocomposite Hollow Fiber Ion-Exchanged with Alkali Metal Cation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Alshebani">A. Alshebani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Swesi"> Y. Swesi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Mrayed"> S. Mrayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Altaher"> F. Altaher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Musbah"> I. Musbah </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Cs-type nanocomposite zeolite membrane was successfully synthesized on an alumina ceramic hollow fibre with a mean outer diameter of 1.7 mm; cesium cationic exchange test was carried out inside test module with mean wall thickness of 230 μm and an average crossing pore size smaller than 0.2 μm. Separation factor of n-butane/H<sub>2</sub> obtained indicate that a relatively high quality closed to 20. Maxwell-Stefan modeling provides an equivalent thickness lower than 1 µm. To compare the difference an application to CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> separation has been achieved, reaching separation factors close to (4,18) before and after cation exchange on H-zeolite membrane formed within the pores of a ceramic alumina substrate.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MFI%20membrane" title="MFI membrane">MFI membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ceramic%20hollow%20fibre" title=" Ceramic hollow fibre"> Ceramic hollow fibre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CO2" title=" CO2"> CO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ion-exchange." title=" Ion-exchange."> Ion-exchange.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/separation-of-co2-using-mfi-alumina-nanocomposite-hollow-fiber-ion-exchanged-with-alkali-metal-cation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2016</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Relationship between Codependency, Perceived Social Support, and Depression in Mothers of Children with Intellectual Disability </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sajed%20Yaghoubnezhad">Sajed Yaghoubnezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mina%20Karimi"> Mina Karimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seyede%20Marjan%20Modirkhazeni"> Seyede Marjan Modirkhazeni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The goal of this research was to study the relationship between codependency, perceived social support and depression in mothers of children with intellectual disability (ID). The correlational method was used in this study. The research population is comprised of mothers of educable children with ID in the age range of 25 to 61 years. From among this, a sample of 251 individuals, in the multistage cluster sampling method, was selected from educational districts in Tehran, who responded to the Spann-Fischer Codependency Scale (SFCDS), the Social Support Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The findings of this study indicate that among mothers of children with ID depression has a positive and significant correlation with codependency (P<0.01, r=0.4) and a negative and significant correlation with the total score of social support (P<0.01, r=-0.34). Moreover, the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that codependency is allocated a higher variance than social support in explaining depression (R<sup>2</sup>=0.023).</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Codependency" title="Codependency">Codependency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=social%20support" title=" social support"> social support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mothers%20of%20children%20with%20ID." title=" mothers of children with ID."> mothers of children with ID.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/relationship-between-codependency-perceived-social-support-and-depression-in-mothers-of-children-with-intellectual-disability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Finite Element and Subspace Identification Approaches to Model Development of a Smart Acoustic Box with Experimental Verification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tamara%20Nestorovi%C4%87">Tamara Nestorović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jean%20Lef%C3%A8vre"> Jean Lefèvre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stefan%20Ringwelski"> Stefan Ringwelski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ulrich%20Gabbert"> Ulrich Gabbert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Two approaches for model development of a smart acoustic box are suggested in this paper: the finite element (FE) approach and the subspace identification. Both approaches result in a state-space model, which can be used for obtaining the frequency responses and for the controller design. In order to validate the developed FE model and to perform the subspace identification, an experimental set-up with the acoustic box and dSPACE system was used. Experimentally obtained frequency responses show good agreement with the frequency responses obtained from the FE model and from the identified model.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acoustic%20box" title="Acoustic box">Acoustic box</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=experimental%20verification" title=" experimental verification"> experimental verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=finite%20element%20model" title=" finite element model"> finite element model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=subspace%20identification." title=" subspace identification."> subspace identification.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/finite-element-and-subspace-identification-approaches-to-model-development-of-a-smart-acoustic-box-with-experimental-verification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1562</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Atmospheric Plasma Innovative Roll-to-Roll Machine for Continuous Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Kulyk">I. Kulyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Stefan"> M. Stefan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Atmospheric plasma is emerging as a promising technology for many industrial sectors, because of its ecological and economic advantages respect to the traditional production processes. For textile industry, atmospheric plasma is becoming a valid alternative to the conventional wet processes, but the plasma machines realized so far do not allow the treatment of fibrous mechanically weak material. Novel atmospheric plasma machine for industrial applications, developed by VenetoNanotech SCpA in collaboration with Italian producer of corona equipment ME.RO SpA is presented. The main feature of this pre-industrial scale machine is the possibility of the inline plasma treatment of delicate fibrous substrates such as fibre sleeves, for example wool tops, cotton fibres, polymeric tows, mineral fibers and so on, avoiding burnings and disruption of the faint materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atmospheric%20plasma" title="Atmospheric plasma">Atmospheric plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=industrial%20machine" title=" industrial machine"> industrial machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fibrous%0Amaterials." title=" fibrous materials."> fibrous materials.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4151/atmospheric-plasma-innovative-roll-to-roll-machine-for-continuous-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4151/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary 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