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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Distribution and habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behaviour_and_ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behaviour_and_ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Behaviour and ecology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Behaviour_and_ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Threats_and_conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Threats_and_conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Threats and conservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Threats_and_conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Cultural significance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Green peafowl</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B6%D8%B1" title="طاووس أخضر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طاووس أخضر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yava_tovuz_qu%C5%9Fu" title="Yava tovuz quşu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yava tovuz quşu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merak_ijo" title="Merak ijo – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Merak ijo" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0" title="সবুজ ময়ূর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সবুজ ময়ূর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%CC%8Dk-kh%C3%B3ng-chhiok" title="Le̍k-khóng-chhiok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Le̍k-khóng-chhiok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_muticus" title="Pavo muticus – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pavo muticus" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%B3_verd" title="Paó verd – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Paó verd" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_muticus" title="Pavo muticus – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pavo muticus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1v_zelen%C3%BD" title="Páv zelený – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Páv zelený" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paun_gwyrdd" title="Paun gwyrdd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Paun gwyrdd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B8n_p%C3%A5fugl" title="Grøn påfugl – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grøn påfugl" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84hrentr%C3%A4gerpfau" title="Ährenträgerpfau – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ährenträgerpfau" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1%C3%A1ts%CA%BC%C3%B3z%C3%ADd%C4%99%CC%81%C4%99%CC%81%CA%BC_ts%C3%ADdii_bitsee%CA%BC_naashch%CA%BC%C4%85%C4%85%CA%BC%C3%AD" title="Náátsʼózídę́ę́ʼ tsídii bitseeʼ naashchʼąąʼí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Náátsʼózídę́ę́ʼ tsídii bitseeʼ naashchʼąąʼí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohe-paabulind" title="Rohe-paabulind – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rohe-paabulind" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B9" title="Πράσινο παγώνι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πράσινο παγώνι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_muticus" title="Pavo muticus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pavo muticus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verda_pavo" title="Verda pavo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Verda pavo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_muticus" title="Pavo muticus – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pavo muticus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="طاووس سبز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طاووس سبز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paon_spicif%C3%A8re" title="Paon spicifère – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Paon spicifère" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B9_%D5%BD%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Կանաչ սիրամարգ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կանաչ սիրամարգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="हरा मोर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हरा मोर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merak_hijau" title="Merak hijau – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Merak hijau" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_muticus" title="Pavo muticus – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pavo muticus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A7" title="טווס ירוק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טווס ירוק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merak_Jawa" title="Merak Jawa – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Merak Jawa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Za%C4%BCais_p%C4%81vs" title="Zaļais pāvs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zaļais pāvs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%B6ld_p%C3%A1va" title="Zöld páva – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Zöld páva" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD" title="പച്ചമയിൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പച്ചമയിൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="हिरवा मोर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हिरवा मोर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B6%D8%B1" title="طاووس اخضر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طاووس اخضر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burung_Merak_Hijau" title="Burung Merak Hijau – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Burung Merak Hijau" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A5%E1%80%92%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဥဒေါင်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဥဒေါင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groene_pauw" title="Groene pauw – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Groene pauw" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%82%AF" title="マクジャク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マクジャク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smaragdp%C3%A5fugl" title="Smaragdpåfugl – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Smaragdpåfugl" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_muticus" title="Pavo muticus – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pavo muticus" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ہرا مور – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہرا مور" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paw_z%C5%82oty" title="Paw złoty – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Paw złoty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pav%C3%A3o-verde" title="Pavão-verde – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pavão-verde" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%83un_verde" title="Păun verde – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Păun verde" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Зелёный павлин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Зелёный павлин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_peafoul" title="Green peafoul – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Green peafoul" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_peafowl" title="Green peafowl – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Green peafowl" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1v_chochlat%C3%BD" title="Páv chochlatý – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Páv chochlatý" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klasasti_pav" title="Klasasti pav – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Klasasti pav" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merak_H%C3%A9jo" title="Merak Héjo – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of bird</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Green peafowl </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Javan_Green_Peafowl_in_Baluran_National_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Javan_Green_Peafowl_in_Baluran_National_Park.jpg/220px-Javan_Green_Peafowl_in_Baluran_National_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Javan_Green_Peafowl_in_Baluran_National_Park.jpg/330px-Javan_Green_Peafowl_in_Baluran_National_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Javan_Green_Peafowl_in_Baluran_National_Park.jpg/440px-Javan_Green_Peafowl_in_Baluran_National_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4301" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Male in display </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Green_Peafowl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Green_Peafowl.jpg/220px-Green_Peafowl.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Green_Peafowl.jpg/330px-Green_Peafowl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Green_Peafowl.jpg/440px-Green_Peafowl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Female </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Status_iucn3.1_EN.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_EN.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Status_iucn3.1_EN.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_EN.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Status_iucn3.1_EN.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_EN.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Endangered_species_(IUCN_status)" title="Endangered species (IUCN status)">Endangered</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">CITES</a> Appendix II<small> (<a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">CITES</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Pavo" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">Aves</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galliformes" title="Galliformes">Galliformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phasianidae" title="Phasianidae">Phasianidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pavo_(bird)" title="Pavo (bird)"><i>Pavo</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>P. muticus</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Pavo muticus</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a>, 1766</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Subspecies </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>P. m. muticus</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">Linnaeus, 1766</span></li> <li><i>P. m. spicifer</i> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/George_Shaw_(biologist)" title="George Shaw (biologist)">Shaw</a>, 1804</span></li> <li><i>P. m. imperator</i> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Th%C3%A9odore_Delacour" title="Jean Théodore Delacour">Delacour</a>, 1949</span></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pavo_muticus_range_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pavo_muticus_range_map.png/220px-Pavo_muticus_range_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pavo_muticus_range_map.png/330px-Pavo_muticus_range_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Pavo_muticus_range_map.png 2x" data-file-width="426" data-file-height="279" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Range of the green peafowl </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>green peafowl</b> (<i><b>Pavo muticus</b></i>) or <b>Indonesian peafowl</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Peafowl" title="Peafowl">peafowl</a> <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> native to the tropical forests of <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indochina" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina">Indochina</a>. It is the national bird of <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>. Formerly common throughout Southeast Asia, only a few isolated populations survive in <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> and adjacent areas of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. It has been listed as <a href="/wiki/Endangered" class="mw-redirect" title="Endangered">endangered</a> on the <a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List</a> since 2009, primarily due to widespread deforestation, agriculture and loss of suitable habitat, severely fragmenting populations and contributing to an overall decline in numbers. The green peafowl is in demand for private and home <a href="/wiki/Aviculture" title="Aviculture">aviculture</a> and threatened by the pet trade, feather collectors and hunters for meat and targeted. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_peafowl&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Okyo_Peacock_and_Peahen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Okyo_Peacock_and_Peahen.jpg/220px-Okyo_Peacock_and_Peahen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Okyo_Peacock_and_Peahen.jpg/330px-Okyo_Peacock_and_Peahen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Okyo_Peacock_and_Peahen.jpg/440px-Okyo_Peacock_and_Peahen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="517" /></a><figcaption>1781 painting by <a href="/wiki/Maruyama_Okyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Maruyama Okyo">Maruyama Okyo</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pavo_muticus3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Pavo_muticus3.jpg/170px-Pavo_muticus3.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Pavo_muticus3.jpg/255px-Pavo_muticus3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Pavo_muticus3.jpg/340px-Pavo_muticus3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Adult female head and upper neck</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Green_Peafowl_0A2A0093.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Green_Peafowl_0A2A0093.jpg/220px-Green_Peafowl_0A2A0093.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Green_Peafowl_0A2A0093.jpg/330px-Green_Peafowl_0A2A0093.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Green_Peafowl_0A2A0093.jpg/440px-Green_Peafowl_0A2A0093.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Male profile</figcaption></figure> <p>The green peafowl is a large bird in terms of overall size. The male is 1.8–3 m (5 ft 11 in – 9 ft 10 in) in total length, including its train, which measures 1.4–1.6 m (4 ft 7 in – 5 ft 3 in); the adult female is around half the total length of the breeding male at 1–1.1 m (3 ft 3 in – 3 ft 7 in) in length. It has a relatively large wingspan that averages around 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) and can reach 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) in big males. The green peafowl is capable of sustained (albeit energy-intensive) <a href="/wiki/Bird_flight" title="Bird flight">flight</a> and is often observed on the wing.<sup id="cite_ref-Biddle2002_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biddle2002-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Green peafowl males <a href="/wiki/Bird_vocalization" title="Bird vocalization">vocalize</a> at their roost sites at dawn and dusk with a loud often repeated <i>ki-wao</i>. The female vocalizes with an equally loud "<i>AOw-aa</i>" call, with an emphasis on the first syllable. The males may also make a similar sound to the females.<sup id="cite_ref-birdlife_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-birdlife-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Green_peafowl" title="Special:EditPage/Green peafowl">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The green peafowl has long upper-tail <a href="/wiki/Covert_feather#Tail_coverts" title="Covert feather">covert feathers</a>. In the male, this extends up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and is adorned with <a href="/wiki/Eyespot_(mimicry)#In_birds" title="Eyespot (mimicry)">eyespots</a>; in the female, the coverts are green and much shorter, just covering the tail. Outside of the <a href="/wiki/Breeding_season" class="mw-redirect" title="Breeding season">breeding season</a>, however, the male's tail coverts (or <i><b>train</b></i>) is <a href="/wiki/Moulted" class="mw-redirect" title="Moulted">moulted</a>; distinguishing the sexes during this period can be difficult unless they are observed quite up close. The neck and breast feathers (of both sexes) are highly <a href="/wiki/Iridescence" title="Iridescence">iridescent</a> green and resemble <a href="/wiki/Chinese_dragon" title="Chinese dragon">Chinese dragon</a> scales. In the male, the scapular, median, and greater <a href="/wiki/Wing" title="Wing">wing</a> coverts are blue; the lesser coverts are green and form a triangle of scaly shoulder feathers (when the wing is closed). The secondaries are black and, in some subspecies, the tertials are brown and/or barred with a faint pattern. The female has blue lesser coverts, and lacks the triangle at the wing-shoulder. Females also have neck scales fringed with <a href="/wiki/Copper_(color)" title="Copper (color)">copper</a>, as well as more barring on the back, the primaries and <a href="/wiki/Alula" title="Alula">alula</a>. Both sexes have <a href="/wiki/Crest_(feathers)" title="Crest (feathers)">crest feathers</a>, are long-legged, <a href="/wiki/Wing_loading" title="Wing loading">heavy-winged</a>, and long-tailed in silhouette. The crest of the female has slightly wider plumes, while those of the male are thinner but taller. The facial skin is double-striped with a whitish-blue; beside the ear is a <a href="/wiki/Yellow-orange" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellow-orange">yellow-orange</a> crescent. The dark triangle below the eye (towards the eyebrow) is bluish-green in the male, and brown in the female. Seen from a distance, they are generally dark-coloured birds with pale <a href="/wiki/Vermilion" title="Vermilion">vermilion</a>- or <a href="/wiki/Buff_(colour)" title="Buff (colour)">buff</a>-coloured <a href="/wiki/Flight_feather#Primaries" title="Flight feather">primaries</a>, which are quite visible in their peculiar flight; this action has been described as a true "flapping" flight, lacking the gliding that one associates with many birds. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_peafowl&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Distribution and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The green peafowl was widely distributed in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> in the past from southern <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> especially <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a>, eastern and north-eastern <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, southeastern <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, northern <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, extending through <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> into <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysia" title="Peninsular Malaysia">Peninsular Malaysia</a>, and the island of <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. Records from northeastern India have been questioned and old records are possibly of <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">feral birds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pcr_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pcr-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ranges have reduced with <a href="/wiki/Habitat_destruction" title="Habitat destruction">habitat destruction</a> and hunting.<sup id="cite_ref-birdlife_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-birdlife-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Green peafowl are found in a wide range of habitats, including <a href="/wiki/Primary_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary forest">primary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Secondary_forest" title="Secondary forest">secondary forest</a>, both <a href="/wiki/Tropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical">tropical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subtropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical">subtropical</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Evergreen_forest" title="Evergreen forest">evergreen</a> and deciduous. They may also be found amongst <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a>, on grasslands, <a href="/wiki/Savanna" title="Savanna">savannas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shrubland" title="Shrubland">scrub</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Farmland" class="mw-redirect" title="Farmland">farmland</a> edge. In Vietnam, the preferred habitat was found to be dry, <a href="/wiki/Deciduous_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Deciduous forest">deciduous forest</a> close to water and away from human disturbance.<sup id="cite_ref-Brickle2002_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brickle2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proximity to water appears to be an important factor.<sup id="cite_ref-viet_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-viet-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_peafowl&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The species was first classified as <i>Pavo muticus</i> by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a>, although it was previously described in Europe by <a href="/wiki/Ulisse_Aldrovandi" title="Ulisse Aldrovandi">Ulisse Aldrovandi</a> as "Pavo Iaponensis" based on a Japanese painting given to the pope by the emperor of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>. These birds were depicted as having no spurs; Linnaeus followed Aldrovandi's description. The Japanese had imported green peafowl from Southeast Asia for hundreds of years, and the birds were frequently depicted in Japanese paintings. As a result, the <a href="/wiki/Type_locality_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Type locality (biology)">type locality</a> described by Linnaeus was "Habitat in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japonia</a>", though the species is not native to Japan (they were kept by the emperor and no longer occur). <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Levaillant" title="François Levaillant">François Levaillant</a> was one of the first Western ornithologists to see a live bird, imported from <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a> to an animal collection in <a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a>. From an Indian painting, <a href="/wiki/George_Shaw_(biologist)" title="George Shaw (biologist)">George Shaw</a> described a peafowl native to India with a "blue head" and an "upright lanceolate crest", which he named <i>Pavo spicifer</i>, the spike-crested peacock. A third form of green peafowl was described in 1949 by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Delacour" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Delacour">Jean Delacour</a>, as <i>P. imperator</i>, found in Indochina. From the advice of a bird dealer in Hong Kong, Delacour concluded there were three <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">races</a> of green peafowl, lumping <i>P. spicifer</i> into the species, as well. Today, most authorities recognise these three:<sup id="cite_ref-zma_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zma-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Clements2007_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clements2007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dickinson2003_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickinson2003-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Image</th> <th>Subspecies</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Distribution </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Merak_Jawa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Merak_Jawa.jpg/180px-Merak_Jawa.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Merak_Jawa.jpg/270px-Merak_Jawa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Merak_Jawa.jpg/360px-Merak_Jawa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></td> <td><i>Pavo muticus muticus</i>, the <b>Java peafowl</b> (<a href="/wiki/Nominate_subspecies" class="mw-redirect" title="Nominate subspecies">nominate</a>)</td> <td>Often described as the most colourful of the three subspecies, the neck and breast is a metallic golden-green with cerulean blue wing coverts. Females have prominent barring on the back and tertials.</td> <td>Extant population endemic to the east and western ends of Java, Indonesia. Extinct populations from the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Kra_Isthmus" title="Kra Isthmus">Kra Isthmus</a> extending south to <a href="/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a> have also been described as being synonymous with the Javanese population, but no published studies have confirmed this assumption. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pavo_muticus_71308373.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Pavo_muticus_71308373.jpg/180px-Pavo_muticus_71308373.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Pavo_muticus_71308373.jpg/270px-Pavo_muticus_71308373.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Pavo_muticus_71308373.jpg/360px-Pavo_muticus_71308373.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></td> <td><i>P. m. imperator</i>, the <b>Indo-Chinese peafowl</b></td> <td><i>Imperator</i> is intermediate in colouration between the other two forms.</td> <td>From east Myanmar to Thailand, <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a> province in China and <a href="/wiki/Indochina" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina">Indochina</a>, this subspecies is the most common and has the widest distribution. In Thailand, it is currently confined to the <a href="/wiki/Nan_River" title="Nan River">Nan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yom_River" title="Yom River">Yom</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eng_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eng River (page does not exist)">Eng</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ping_River" title="Ping River">Ping</a> river basins in northern Thailand and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huai_Kha_Khaeng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huai Kha Khaeng (page does not exist)">Huai Kha Khaeng</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mae_Klong" title="Mae Klong">Mae Klong</a> basins in western Thailand. In Vietnam, it has become extinct in the northern part of the country, its last large population being confined to the southeast in <a href="/wiki/Yok_%C4%90%C3%B4n_National_Park" title="Yok Đôn National Park">Yok Đôn</a> and <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1t_Ti%C3%AAn_National_Park" title="Cát Tiên National Park">Cát Tiên National Park</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>P. m. spicifer</i>, the <b>Burmese peafowl</b></td> <td>Delacour considered the west and east sides of the <a href="/wiki/Irrawaddy_River" title="Irrawaddy River">Irrawaddy river</a> to be the dividing line between <i>spicifer</i> and <i>imperator</i> respectively. Sometimes described as "duller" than the other forms, it has a matte gun metal-blue to olive-green neck and breast, and more black on the wing-coverts and outer web of secondaries. The crown of the male is violet-blue which often extends further down the nape than other subspecies, demarcating the colours of the crown and neck.</td> <td>Found in Bangladesh towards southwestern Thailand, formerly also in northern Malaysia. Birds in Northeast India are sometimes considered extinct but are still occasionally sighted. However, sightings have sometimes been questioned as feral or escaped birds. A population of <i>spicifer</i> was reintroduced to <a href="/wiki/Hlawga_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Hlawga National Park">Hlawga National Park</a> east of the Irrawaddy river. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Delacour dismissed several aberrant specimens to be individual variations (including the <a href="/wiki/Type_specimen" class="mw-redirect" title="Type specimen">type specimens</a> for <i>imperator</i> originating from the <a href="/wiki/Bolaven_Plateau" title="Bolaven Plateau">Bolaven Plateau</a> in Laos), and stated more subspecies may be recognised with further studies. However, few studies have been conducted to substantiate Delacour's classification, even though it is accepted by nearly all authorities. Some authors have suggested that the population found in Yunnan, which are traditionally classified as <i>imperator</i>, may be another race.<sup id="cite_ref-Madge2002_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madge2002-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using the <a href="/wiki/Cytochrome_b" title="Cytochrome b">cytochrome b</a> <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA" title="Mitochondrial DNA">mitochondrial DNA</a> gene, Ouyang et al. estimated the divergence period between green and Indian peafowl to be 3 million years. In the same study, they also noted there appeared to be two different forms of green peafowl in Yunnan which should be classified as distinct subspecies.<sup id="cite_ref-Ouyang2008_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ouyang2008-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2005 article from <i><a href="/wiki/The_Star_(Malaysia)" title="The Star (Malaysia)">The Star</a></i> newspaper of Malaysia stated that research indicated the Malaysian form to be identical to the Javanese form, but the study was not published and some authors dispute the result. Due to the large range of <i>imperator</i> in Indochina, other subspecies within its range have also been proposed, notably <i>annamensis</i> of Southeast Asia and <i>yunnanensis</i> of <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lastchance_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lastchance-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaviour_and_ecology">Behaviour and ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_peafowl&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Behaviour and ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peacocks_777.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Peacocks_777.jpg/220px-Peacocks_777.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Peacocks_777.jpg/330px-Peacocks_777.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Peacocks_777.jpg/440px-Peacocks_777.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3730" data-file-height="2507" /></a><figcaption>Female (peahen) with one chick</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Merak_tarung.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Merak_tarung.jpg/220px-Merak_tarung.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Merak_tarung.jpg/330px-Merak_tarung.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Merak_tarung.jpg/440px-Merak_tarung.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1667" /></a><figcaption>Fighting peacocks in <a href="/wiki/Baluran_National_Park" title="Baluran National Park">Baluran National Park</a>, Indonesia</figcaption></figure> <p>The green peafowl is a <a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">forest</a> bird which <a href="/wiki/Bird_nest" title="Bird nest">nests</a> on the ground laying an <a href="/wiki/Egg_clutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg clutch">egg clutch</a> with three to six eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-Grimmett1999_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grimmett1999-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has been widely stated that the green peafowl is <a href="/wiki/Polygyny_in_animals" title="Polygyny in animals">polygynous</a>, but males are <a href="/wiki/Solitary_animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Solitary animal">solitary</a> and do not display in <a href="/wiki/Lek_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lek (biology)">leks</a>. Instead the solitary males are highly <a href="/wiki/Territory_(animal)" title="Territory (animal)">territorial</a> and form <a href="/wiki/Harem_(zoology)" title="Harem (zoology)">harems</a> with no <a href="/wiki/Pair_bond" title="Pair bond">pair bonds</a>. However, the theory that the male is polygynous also conflicts with observations in captivity; pairs left alone with no human interaction have been observed to be strongly <a href="/wiki/Monogamy_in_animals" title="Monogamy in animals">monogamous</a>. The close similarity between both sexes also suggests a different <a href="/wiki/Courtship_display" title="Courtship display">courtship display</a> in contrast to that of the Indian peafowl. Thus, some authors have suggested that the harems seen in the field are juvenile birds and that males are not promiscuous.<sup id="cite_ref-birdlife_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-birdlife-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They usually spend time on or near the ground in <a href="/wiki/Poaceae" title="Poaceae">tall grasses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sedge" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedge">sedges</a>. Family units <a href="/wiki/Roosting" class="mw-redirect" title="Roosting">roost</a> in trees at a height of 10–15 m (33–49 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-birdlife_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-birdlife-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Threats_and_conservation">Threats and conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_peafowl&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Threats and conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to hunting; especially <a href="/wiki/Poaching" title="Poaching">poaching</a>, and a reduction in extent and quality of habitat, the green peafowl is evaluated as <a href="/wiki/Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">endangered</a> on the <a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List_of_Threatened_Species" class="mw-redirect" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Species">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. It is listed on Appendix II of <a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">CITES</a>. The world population has declined rapidly and the species no longer occurs in many areas of its past distribution. The last strongholds for the species are in protected areas such as <a href="/wiki/Huai_Kha_Khaeng_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary">Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary</a> in Thailand, <a href="/wiki/Cat_Tien_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat Tien National Park">Cat Tien National Park</a> in Vietnam and <a href="/wiki/Baluran_National_Park" title="Baluran National Park">Baluran National Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ujung_Kulon_National_Park" title="Ujung Kulon National Park">Ujung Kulon National Park</a> in Java, Indonesia. The population in the wild was estimated to be about 5,000 to 10,000 individuals around 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-birdlife_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-birdlife-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Cambodia, <a href="/wiki/Keo_Seima_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary">Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary</a> was shown to hold a significant and increasing population of around 745 individuals in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although there is no natural range overlap with the Indian peafowl, <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybridisation</a> is still a threat where the Indian peafowl is <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced</a> as they produce fertile hybrids. In captivity hybrids are called "Spalding" peafowl and are used by breeders to create different <a href="/wiki/Breed" title="Breed">breeds</a>. Through <a href="/wiki/Backcrossing" title="Backcrossing">backcrossing</a> some hybrids become almost indistinguishable from pure green peafowl.<sup id="cite_ref-Hybrid_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hybrid-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, it was reported that successful reintroductions were being made in Malaysia by the World Pheasant Association.<sup id="cite_ref-Star2005_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Star2005-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genetic research allegedly proved that the Javan and Malay peafowl are genetically identical, and the subspecies <i>muticus</i> was introduced based on scientific community consensus. However, the assumption that the Malaysian and Javanese <i>muticus</i> birds are the same subspecies remains controversial, so it is uncertain which subspecies was introduced.<sup id="cite_ref-lastchance_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lastchance-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_significance">Cultural significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_peafowl&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cultural significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WikiProject_Myanmar_peacock.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/WikiProject_Myanmar_peacock.svg/220px-WikiProject_Myanmar_peacock.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/WikiProject_Myanmar_peacock.svg/330px-WikiProject_Myanmar_peacock.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/WikiProject_Myanmar_peacock.svg/440px-WikiProject_Myanmar_peacock.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="153" data-file-height="160" /></a><figcaption>The green peacock was a royal symbol of Burma's monarchs</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_National_League_for_Democracy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_National_League_for_Democracy.svg/220px-Flag_of_National_League_for_Democracy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_National_League_for_Democracy.svg/330px-Flag_of_National_League_for_Democracy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_National_League_for_Democracy.svg/440px-Flag_of_National_League_for_Democracy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2139" data-file-height="1269" /></a><figcaption>The flag of the <a href="/wiki/National_League_for_Democracy" title="National League for Democracy">National League for Democracy</a> party features a stylised fighting peacock next to a star.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Myanmar, the green peafowl was an ancient symbol of the country's monarchs.<sup id="cite_ref-crwflags_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crwflags-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Green_peafowl" title="Special:EditPage/Green peafowl">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The green peafowl is often depicted in Japanese paintings from the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a>, notably by <a href="/wiki/Maruyama_%C5%8Ckyo" title="Maruyama Ōkyo">Maruyama Ōkyo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nagasawa_Rosetsu" title="Nagasawa Rosetsu">Nagasawa Rosetsu</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Peacock_Room" title="The Peacock Room">The Peacock Room</a></i>, a room installation painted between 1876 and 1877 by <a href="/wiki/James_McNeill_Whistler" title="James McNeill Whistler">James McNeill Whistler</a> now located in the <a href="/wiki/Freer_Gallery_of_Art" title="Freer Gallery of Art">Freer Gallery of Art</a> in Washington, D.C., prominently features paintings of green peafowl. It was also shown during British colonial times on the flag of the governor and the naval ensign, as well as on the flag of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Burma" title="State of Burma">State of Burma</a> from 1943 to 1945 and on the currency of independent Burma as well. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_peafowl&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iucn-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iucn_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iucn_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBirdLife_International2018" class="citation journal cs1">BirdLife International (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22679440/131749282">"<i>Pavo muticus</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a></i>. <b>2018</b>: e.T22679440A131749282. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22679440A131749282.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22679440A131749282.en</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&rft.atitle=Pavo+muticus&rft.volume=2018&rft.pages=e.T22679440A131749282&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22679440A131749282.en&rft.au=BirdLife+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F22679440%2F131749282&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biddle2002-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Biddle2002_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiddle2002" class="citation book cs1">Biddle, Tami Davis (2002). <i>Pheasants, Partridges, and Grouse : A Guide to the Pheasants, Partridges, Quails, Grouse, Guineafowl, Buttonquails, and Sandgrouse of the World</i>. Princeton Field Guides. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-08908-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-08908-9"><bdi>978-0-691-08908-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pheasants%2C+Partridges%2C+and+Grouse+%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Pheasants%2C+Partridges%2C+Quails%2C+Grouse%2C+Guineafowl%2C+Buttonquails%2C+and+Sandgrouse+of+the+World&rft.series=Princeton+Field+Guides&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-691-08908-9&rft.aulast=Biddle&rft.aufirst=Tami+Davis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-birdlife-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-birdlife_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-birdlife_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-birdlife_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-birdlife_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-birdlife_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722105337/http://birdbase.hokkaido-ies.go.jp/rdb/rdb_en/pavomuti.pdf">Pavo muticus</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Threatened birds of Asia: the BirdLife International Red Data Book</i> (Report). Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International. 2006. pp. 1052–1087. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://birdbase.hokkaido-ies.go.jp/rdb/rdb_en/pavomuti.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 22 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Pavo+muticus&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pages=1052-1087&rft.pub=BirdLife+International&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbirdbase.hokkaido-ies.go.jp%2Frdb%2Frdb_en%2Fpavomuti.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pcr-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pcr_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRasmussenAnderton2005" class="citation book cs1">Rasmussen, P.C.; Anderton, J.C. (2005). <i>The Birds of South Asia</i>. Smithsonian Institution & Lynx Edicions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-96553-85-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-96553-85-9"><bdi>978-84-96553-85-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Birds+of+South+Asia&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution+%26+Lynx+Edicions&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-84-96553-85-9&rft.aulast=Rasmussen&rft.aufirst=P.C.&rft.au=Anderton%2C+J.C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brickle2002-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brickle2002_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrickle2002" class="citation journal cs1">Brickle, Nick W. (2002). "Habitat use, predicted distribution and conservation of green peafowl (<i>Pavo muticus</i>) in Dak Lak Province, Vietnam". <i>Biological Conservation</i>. <b>105</b> (2): 189–197. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002BCons.105..189B">2002BCons.105..189B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0006-3207%2801%2900182-3">10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00182-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Habitat+use%2C+predicted+distribution+and+conservation+of+green+peafowl+%28Pavo+muticus%29+in+Dak+Lak+Province%2C+Vietnam&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=189-197&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0006-3207%2801%2900182-3&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002BCons.105..189B&rft.aulast=Brickle&rft.aufirst=Nick+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-viet-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-viet_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrickleCuQuynhCuong1998" class="citation report cs1">Brickle, N.W.; Cu, Nguyen; Quynh, Ha Quy; Cuong, Nguyen Thai Tu; San, Hoang Van (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thiennhienviet.org.vn/sourcebook/report_pdf/report1.pdf">The Status and Distribution of Green Peafowl <i>Pavo muticus</i> in Dak Lak Province, Vietnam</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/zma3d/detail.php?id=143&type=family&sort=taxon">the original</a> on 13 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zoological+Museum+Amsterdam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnlbif.eti.uva.nl%2Fzma3d%2Fdetail.php%3Fid%3D143%26type%3Dfamily%26sort%3Dtaxon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clements2007-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Clements2007_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClements2007" class="citation book cs1">Clements, James F. (2007). <i>The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World</i> (6th ed.). London: Christopher Helm. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7136-8695-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7136-8695-1"><bdi>978-0-7136-8695-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Clements+Checklist+of+the+Birds+of+the+World&rft.place=London&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Christopher+Helm&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7136-8695-1&rft.aulast=Clements&rft.aufirst=James+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dickinson2003-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dickinson2003_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickinson2003" class="citation book cs1">Dickinson, Edward C., ed. 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Christopher Helm. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7136-6536-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7136-6536-X"><bdi>0-7136-6536-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Howard+and+Moore+Complete+Checklist+of+the+Birds+of+the+World&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Christopher+Helm&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7136-6536-X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Madge2002-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Madge2002_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadgeMcGowan2002" class="citation book cs1">Madge, Steve; McGowan, Phil (2002). <i>Pheasants, Partridges, and Grouse: A Guide to the Pheasants, Partridges, Quails, Grouse, Guineafowl, Buttonquails, and Sandgrouse of the World</i>. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7136-3966-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7136-3966-0"><bdi>0-7136-3966-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pheasants%2C+Partridges%2C+and+Grouse%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Pheasants%2C+Partridges%2C+Quails%2C+Grouse%2C+Guineafowl%2C+Buttonquails%2C+and+Sandgrouse+of+the+World&rft.place=Princeton%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7136-3966-0&rft.aulast=Madge&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.au=McGowan%2C+Phil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ouyang2008-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ouyang2008_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOuyang2008" class="citation web cs1">Ouyang, Yi Na (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211230023044/http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-YNDX200902014.htm">"Genetic Divergence between Pavo muticus and Pavo cristatus by Cyt b Gene"</a>. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-YNDX200902014.htm">the original</a> on 30 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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WPA Germany<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Last+Chance+for+the+Green+Peafowl+%28Pavo+muticus%29%3F&rft.pub=WPA+Germany&rft.aulast=Mennig&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviculture-europe.nl%2Fnummers%2F06E02A10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grimmett1999-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grimmett1999_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrimmettInskippInskipp1999" class="citation book cs1">Grimmett, R.; Inskipp, C.; Inskipp, T. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pupress.princeton.edu/titles/6808.html">the original</a> on 9 September 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Birds+of+India%3A+Pakistan%2C+Nepal%2C+Bangladesh%2C+Bhutan%2C+Sri+Lanka%2C+and+the+Maldives&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-691-04910-6&rft.aulast=Grimmett&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Inskipp%2C+C.&rft.au=Inskipp%2C+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pupress.princeton.edu%2Ftitles%2F6808.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNuttallNutUngO’kelly2017" class="citation journal cs1">Nuttall, M.; Nut, M.; Ung, V.; O’kelly, H. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0959270916000083">"Abundance estimates for the endangered Green Peafowl <i>Pavo muticus</i> in Cambodia: identification of a globally important site for conservation"</a>. <i>Bird Conservation International</i>. <b>27</b> (1): 127–139. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0959270916000083">10.1017/S0959270916000083</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:89013924">89013924</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bird+Conservation+International&rft.atitle=Abundance+estimates+for+the+endangered+Green+Peafowl+Pavo+muticus+in+Cambodia%3A+identification+of+a+globally+important+site+for+conservation&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=127-139&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0959270916000083&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A89013924%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Nuttall&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Nut%2C+M.&rft.au=Ung%2C+V.&rft.au=O%E2%80%99kelly%2C+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1017%252FS0959270916000083&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNuttallGriffinFewsterMcGowan2021" class="citation journal cs1">Nuttall, M. N.; Griffin, O.; Fewster, R. M.; McGowan, P. J. K.; Abernethy, K.; O'Kelly, H.; Nut, M.; Sot, V.; Bunnefeld, N. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fcsp2.614">"Long-term monitoring of wildlife populations for protected area management in Southeast Asia"</a>. <i>Conservation Science and Practice</i>. <b>4</b> (2): e614. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fcsp2.614">10.1111/csp2.614</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1893%2F33780">1893/33780</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:245405123">245405123</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Science+and+Practice&rft.atitle=Long-term+monitoring+of+wildlife+populations+for+protected+area+management+in+Southeast+Asia&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=e614&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1893%2F33780&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A245405123%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fcsp2.614&rft.aulast=Nuttall&rft.aufirst=M.+N.&rft.au=Griffin%2C+O.&rft.au=Fewster%2C+R.+M.&rft.au=McGowan%2C+P.+J.+K.&rft.au=Abernethy%2C+K.&rft.au=O%27Kelly%2C+H.&rft.au=Nut%2C+M.&rft.au=Sot%2C+V.&rft.au=Bunnefeld%2C+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fcsp2.614&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hybrid-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hybrid_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMennig" class="citation web cs1">Mennig, Wolfgang. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140102191921/http://wpa.tecker.info/hybrid.pdf">"Green Peafowl and Hybrids Tips and Tricks to identify unpure birds"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. World Pheasant Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wpa.tecker.info/hybrid.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Green+Peafowl+and+Hybrids+Tips+and+Tricks+to+identify+unpure+birds&rft.pub=World+Pheasant+Association&rft.aulast=Mennig&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwpa.tecker.info%2Fhybrid.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Star2005-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Star2005_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChiew2005" class="citation news cs1">Chiew, Hilary (11 January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205055846/http://www.ecologyasia.com/news-archives/2005/jan-05/star_050111_1.htm">"The return of the Green peafowl"</a>. <i>The Star, Malaysia</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecologyasia.com/news-archives/2005/jan-05/star_050111_1.htm">the original</a> on 5 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star%2C+Malaysia&rft.atitle=The+return+of+the+Green+peafowl&rft.date=2005-01-11&rft.aulast=Chiew&rft.aufirst=Hilary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecologyasia.com%2Fnews-archives%2F2005%2Fjan-05%2Fstar_050111_1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-crwflags-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-crwflags_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/mm-hist.html">"Burma: historical flags"</a>. <i>crwflags.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=crwflags.com&rft.atitle=Burma%3A+historical+flags&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crwflags.com%2Ffotw%2Fflags%2Fmm-hist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_peafowl&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pavo_muticus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pavo muticus">Pavo muticus</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Pavo-muticus">Audio recordings of Green peafowl</a> on <a href="/wiki/Xeno-canto" title="Xeno-canto">Xeno-canto</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/22679440">BirdLife species factsheet for <i>Pavo muticus</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070112032437/http://www.gbwf.org/pheasants/green_peafowl.html">Green peafowl (<i>Pavo muticus</i>)</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gbwf.org/">gbwf.org</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=990B91710EE7388F">"Pavo muticus"</a>. <i>Avibase</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Avibase&rft.atitle=Pavo+muticus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Favibase.bsc-eoc.org%2Fspecies.jsp%3Flang%3DEN%26avibaseid%3D990B91710EE7388F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254636#P2026" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hbw.com/ibc/species/green-peafowl-pavo-muticus">"Green peafowl media"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Bird_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Bird Collection">Internet Bird Collection</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Bird+Collection&rft.atitle=Green+peafowl+media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hbw.com%2Fibc%2Fspecies%2Fgreen-peafowl-pavo-muticus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreen+peafowl" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vireo.acnatsci.org/search.html?Form=Search&SEARCHBY=Common&KEYWORDS=Green+peafowl&showwhat=images&AGE=All&SEX=All&ACT=All&Search=Search&VIEW=All&ORIENTATION=All&RESULTS=24">Green peafowl photo gallery</a> at VIREO (Drexel University)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.iucnredlist.org/map.html?id=22679440">Interactive range map of <i>Pavo muticus</i></a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.iucnredlist.org/index.html">IUCN Red List maps</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Pavo muticus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254636" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q254636">Q254636</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pavo_muticus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Pavo muticus">Pavo muticus</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Pavo_muticus/">Pavo_muticus</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/ARKive" title="ARKive">ARKive</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.arkive.org/wd/pavo-muticus/">pavo-muticus</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Avibase" title="Avibase">Avibase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=990B91710EE7388F">990B91710EE7388F</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BirdLife_International" title="BirdLife International">BirdLife</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/22679440">22679440</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Birds_of_the_World" title="Birds of the World">BOW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/grepea1">grepea1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/75WGZ">75WGZ</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EBird" title="EBird">eBird</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ebird.org/species/grepea1">grepea1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2473599">2473599</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Handbook_of_the_Birds_of_the_World" title="Handbook of the Birds of the World">IBC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/green-peafowl-pavo-muticus">green-peafowl-pavo-muticus</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/1200">1200</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10197106">10197106</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=176114">176114</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/22679440">22679440</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NHMSYS0020789024">NHMSYS0020789024</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=9050">9050</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/70396/">70396</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=102708">102708</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=114655">114655</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">Species+</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://speciesplus.net/#/taxon_concepts/4975">4975</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierstimmenarchiv" class="extiw" title="de:Tierstimmenarchiv">TSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tierstimmen.org/en/database?field_spec_species_target_id_selective=13023">13023</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Xeno-canto" title="Xeno-canto">Xeno-canto</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xeno-canto.org/species/Pavo-muticus">Pavo-muticus</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254636#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit 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