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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">11th and 12th century European shoe with long upturned toe</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 12th-century Western European shoe. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Poulaine" title="Poulaine">poulaine</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liber_floridus-1120-Leviathan-p135.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Liber_floridus-1120-Leviathan-p135.jpg/330px-Liber_floridus-1120-Leviathan-p135.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Liber_floridus-1120-Leviathan-p135.jpg/500px-Liber_floridus-1120-Leviathan-p135.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Liber_floridus-1120-Leviathan-p135.jpg/960px-Liber_floridus-1120-Leviathan-p135.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1113" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a>, depicted in a 1120 copy of <a href="/wiki/Lambert_of_Saint-Omer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambert of Saint-Omer">Lambert</a>'s <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Liber_Floridus" title="Liber Floridus">Liber Floridus</a></i></span> with pigaches or their <a href="/wiki/Patten_(shoe)" title="Patten (shoe)">pattens</a> extended into absurdly long horns,<sup id="cite_ref-ruby_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ruby-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a style later actually worn as the 14th-century <a href="/wiki/Poulaine" title="Poulaine">poulaines</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>pigache</b>, also known <a href="#Names">by other names</a>, was a kind of <a href="/wiki/Shoe" title="Shoe">shoe</a> with a sharp upturned point at the toes that <a href="/wiki/1100-1200_in_European_fashion" class="mw-redirect" title="1100-1200 in European fashion">became popular</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanesque Period">Romanesque Period</a>. The same name is also sometimes applied to earlier similar <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine culture">Byzantine</a> footwear. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Etymology"></span><span class="anchor" id="Name"></span><span class="anchor" id="Origin"></span> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names">Names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigache&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Byzantine_shoes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Byzantine_shoes.jpg/200px-Byzantine_shoes.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Byzantine_shoes.jpg/300px-Byzantine_shoes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Byzantine_shoes.jpg/400px-Byzantine_shoes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1639" data-file-height="1918" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">Priestly</a> <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_clothing" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine clothing">Byzantine</a> <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Egypt">Egyptian</a> footwear <small>(5th–8th cent.)</small>, sometimes conflated with the later pigaches</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bertrada_Fulko-Berta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bertrada_Fulko-Berta.jpg/150px-Bertrada_Fulko-Berta.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bertrada_Fulko-Berta.jpg/225px-Bertrada_Fulko-Berta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bertrada_Fulko-Berta.jpg/300px-Bertrada_Fulko-Berta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="842" data-file-height="861" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fulk_le_Rechin" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulk le Rechin">Fulk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_France" title="Philip I of France">King Philip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bertha_of_Holland" title="Bertha of Holland">Bertha</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bertrade_of_Montfort" title="Bertrade of Montfort">Bertrade</a>, from the Chronicle of St Denis <span class="nowrap"><small>(14th cent.)</small></span></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> name <i>pigache</i> was <a href="/wiki/Borrowing_(linguistics)" title="Borrowing (linguistics)">borrowed</a> from <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, where the name was originally used for a kind of <a href="/wiki/Hoe_(tool)" title="Hoe (tool)">hoe</a> and as a <a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">hunting</a> term for a <a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">wild boar</a> <a href="/wiki/Hoofprint" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoofprint">hoofprint</a> longer on one side than the other.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTED'Alembert1751_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTED'Alembert1751-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It appeared in <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Latin" title="Medieval Latin">Medieval Latin</a> as <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pigacia" class="extiw" title="wikt:pigacia">pigacia</a></i></span><sup id="cite_ref-chibi_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chibi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-planche_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-planche-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pigatia" class="extiw" title="wikt:pigatia">pigatia</a></i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page192mode2upviewtheater_190–193]_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page192mode2upviewtheater_190–193]-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pigache is also known as the <b>pigage</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-bossan_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bossan-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>pulley shoe</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-aird_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aird-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoatsworth_&_al.2018349_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECoatsworth_&_al.2018349-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>pulley toe</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-ruby_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ruby-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>pulley-toe shoe</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYarrow2011[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidjc_CAwAAQBAJpgPA112_112]_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYarrow2011[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidjc_CAwAAQBAJpgPA112_112]-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Less often, <a href="/wiki/Orderic_Vitalis" title="Orderic Vitalis">Orderic Vitalis</a>'s terms of opprobrium are reworked into names: <b>scorpion's tail</b> or <b>ram's horn shoe</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYarwood1980163_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYarwood1980163-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name <i>pigache</i> is also sometimes also applied to earlier pointed <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine culture">Byzantine</a> footwear from as early as the 5th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELewandowski2011[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidPeXfpsvFyysCpgPA229_229]_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewandowski2011[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidPeXfpsvFyysCpgPA229_229]-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also simply glossed as a <b>pointed-toe shoe</b><sup id="cite_ref-yarwood_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yarwood-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sometimes conflated with the later <a href="/wiki/Poulaine" title="Poulaine">poulaine</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigache&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tonary_of_the_Auch_region_(Aquitaine,_end_10th_century).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tonary_of_the_Auch_region_%28Aquitaine%2C_end_10th_century%29.jpg/250px-Tonary_of_the_Auch_region_%28Aquitaine%2C_end_10th_century%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tonary_of_the_Auch_region_%28Aquitaine%2C_end_10th_century%29.jpg/330px-Tonary_of_the_Auch_region_%28Aquitaine%2C_end_10th_century%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tonary_of_the_Auch_region_%28Aquitaine%2C_end_10th_century%29.jpg/500px-Tonary_of_the_Auch_region_%28Aquitaine%2C_end_10th_century%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="839" data-file-height="758" /></a><figcaption>Pigaches in an 11th cent. <a href="/wiki/Manuscript_illumination" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuscript illumination">illumination</a> from an <a href="/wiki/Aquitaine" title="Aquitaine">Aquitaine</a> <a href="/wiki/Tonary" title="Tonary">tonary</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The pigache had a pointed and curved toe,<sup id="cite_ref-bossan_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bossan-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which <a href="/wiki/Orderic_Vitalis" title="Orderic Vitalis">Orderic Vitalis</a> compared with the tail of a <a href="/wiki/Scorpion" title="Scorpion">scorpion</a><sup id="cite_ref-planche_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-planche-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">quasi caudas scorpionum</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-chibi_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chibi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shoes were sometimes stuffed to make the extension firmer and more erect. The end of the toe was sometimes adorned with a small bell.<sup id="cite_ref-bossan_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bossan-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The points of pigaches were, however, more moderate in length than the later <a href="/wiki/Poulaines" class="mw-redirect" title="Poulaines">poulaines</a><sup id="cite_ref-planche_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-planche-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which spread from <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Poland">Poland</a> in the 14th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigache&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AnselmP120.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/AnselmP120.gif/200px-AnselmP120.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/AnselmP120.gif/300px-AnselmP120.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/AnselmP120.gif/400px-AnselmP120.gif 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="798" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Rufus" class="mw-redirect" title="William Rufus">William Rufus</a> in pigaches in a 1915 illustration of the life of <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">St Anselm</a></span></figcaption></figure> <p>The pigache was worn in the late 11th<sup id="cite_ref-yarwood_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yarwood-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and early 12th century<sup id="cite_ref-bossan_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bossan-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and excited the ridicule of poets and historians and the censure of clergy<sup id="cite_ref-planche_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-planche-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the point it is sometimes described as "notorious".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoatsworth_&_al.2018349_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECoatsworth_&_al.2018349-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">St Anselm</a> banned its use by <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church in England">English clerics</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1102_Synod_of_Westminster" class="mw-redirect" title="1102 Synod of Westminster">1102 Synod of Westminster</a>, alongside enacting the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Reform" title="Gregorian Reform">Gregorian Reform</a> and prohibiting <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavery in England">slavery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sodomy" title="Sodomy">sodomy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clerical_marriage" title="Clerical marriage">clerical marriage</a>, and the inheritance of <a href="/wiki/Benefice" title="Benefice">benefices</a> and other forms of <a href="/wiki/Simony" title="Simony">simony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPerry1890[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidUj8uAAAAYAAJpgPA190_190]_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerry1890[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidUj8uAAAAYAAJpgPA190_190]-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a returning <a href="/wiki/Papal_legate" title="Papal legate">papal legate</a>, the former professor <a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Courson" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert de Courson">Robert de Courson</a> banned other faculty of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris" title="University of Paris">University of Paris</a> from wearing them in August 1215.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert_de_Courson1215_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert_de_Courson1215-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year, the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Lateran_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Lateran Council">Fourth Lateran Council</a> also banned them for <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">clergy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlberigo_&_al.1973_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlberigo_&_al.1973-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDittmar_&_al.2021_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDittmar_&_al.2021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Orderic_Vitalis" title="Orderic Vitalis">Orderic Vitalis</a> blamed the creation of the pigache on <a href="/wiki/Fulk_le_Rechin" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulk le Rechin">Fulk</a> of <a href="/wiki/Anjou_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anjou (region)">Anjou</a><sup id="cite_ref-aird_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aird-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1043–1109), claiming he used it to disguise the deformity of his <a href="/wiki/Bunion" title="Bunion">bunions</a><sup id="cite_ref-planche_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-planche-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sodom_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sodom-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chibi_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chibi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from his young bride <a href="/wiki/Bertrade_of_Montfort" title="Bertrade of Montfort">Bertrade</a> in 1089.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchibanoff2006[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid2HERnl-vqkoCpgPA36_36]_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchibanoff2006[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid2HERnl-vqkoCpgPA36_36]-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAird2008[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid3PssmLmp4LMCpgPA127_127–128]_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAird2008[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid3PssmLmp4LMCpgPA127_127–128]-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Fashion_historian" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion historian">fashion historian</a> Ruth Wilcox offers that it may have been a simple adaptation of the <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Normans</a>' <a href="/wiki/Sabaton" title="Sabaton">sabatons</a>, which they had extended to a point and turned down in the late 11th century to better hold their <a href="/wiki/Stirrup" title="Stirrup">stirrups</a> during battle.<sup id="cite_ref-rtw_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtw-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pigache became common in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> under <a href="/wiki/William_Rufus" class="mw-redirect" title="William Rufus">William Rufus</a> <span class="nowrap">(<abbr title="ruled">r</abbr>. 1087–1100),</span> whose <a href="/wiki/Courtier" title="Courtier">courtier</a> Robert the Horny (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Robertus Cornardus</i></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-sodom_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sodom-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> used <a href="/wiki/Tow_(fibre)" title="Tow (fibre)">tow</a> to curl the ends of his shoes into the form of a <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">ram</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Horn_(anatomy)" title="Horn (anatomy)">horn</a><sup id="cite_ref-planche_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-planche-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">instar cornu arietis</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page186mode2upviewtheater_186–189]_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page186mode2upviewtheater_186–189]-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Orderic blamed the spread as caused by and contributing to the <a href="/wiki/Effeminacy" title="Effeminacy">effeminate</a> men (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">effeminati</i></span>) and "foul <a href="/wiki/Catamite" title="Catamite">catamites</a>" (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">foedi catamitae</i></span>) involved in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_courts" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal courts">royal courts</a> of <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Europe">Europe</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-sodom_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sodom-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while simultaneously describing how most courtiers adopted the fashion to "<a href="/wiki/Heterosexuality" title="Heterosexuality">seek the favors of women</a> with every kind of lewdness".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMills2015[httpsbooksgooglecombookside6J0BgAAQBAJpgPA83_83]_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMills2015[httpsbooksgooglecombookside6J0BgAAQBAJpgPA83_83]-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page188mode2upviewtheater_188–189]_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page188mode2upviewtheater_188–189]-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/William_of_Malmesbury" title="William of Malmesbury">William of Malmesbury</a> similarly condemned the shoes in terms questioning the wearers' masculinity.<sup id="cite_ref-ruby_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ruby-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Guibert_of_Nogent" title="Guibert of Nogent">Guibert of Nogent</a>, while no less dismissive, associated the style more with women and blamed its origin on footwear exported from <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim Spain">Islamic</a> <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Emirate of Córdoba">Cordoba</a>, whose residents he separately associated with effeminacy and <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">homosexual</a> <a href="/wiki/Homosexual_rape" class="mw-redirect" title="Homosexual rape">rape</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ruby_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ruby-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After its initial excesses reaching about 2 inches (5 cm) beyond the foot,<sup id="cite_ref-rtw_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtw-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the style settled into a more conservative and compact form for a century until the <a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a> and the spread of the still more excessive <a href="/wiki/Poulaine" title="Poulaine">poulaine</a> style from <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Poland">Poland</a> in the mid-14th century.<sup id="cite_ref-yarwood_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yarwood-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigache&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duckbill_shoe" title="Duckbill shoe">Duckbill shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointed_shoe_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Pointed shoe (disambiguation)">Pointed shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1100%E2%80%931200_in_European_fashion" title="1100–1200 in European fashion">1100–1200 in European fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1200%E2%80%931300_in_European_fashion" title="1200–1300 in European fashion">1200–1300 in European fashion</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigache&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigache&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ruby-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ruby_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ruby_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ruby_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ruby_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRubenstein2019">Rubenstein (2019)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bdB2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA38">38</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTED'Alembert1751-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTED'Alembert1751_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFD'Alembert1751">D'Alembert (1751)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chibi-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chibi_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chibi_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chibi_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChibnall1973">Chibnall (1973)</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4/page/186/mode/2up?view=theater">186–187</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-planche-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-planche_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-planche_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-planche_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-planche_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-planche_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-planche_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPlanché1876">Planché (1876)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jGMYAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA459">459</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page192mode2upviewtheater_190–193]-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page192mode2upviewtheater_190–193]_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChibnall1973">Chibnall (1973)</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4/page/192/mode/2up?view=theater">190–193</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bossan-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bossan_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bossan_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bossan_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bossan_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBossan2012">Bossan (2012)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2Ifj9h4Z4YQC&pg=PA266">266</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aird-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aird_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aird_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAird2016">Aird (2016)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=743gDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA196">196</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECoatsworth_&_al.2018349-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoatsworth_&_al.2018349_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoatsworth_&_al.2018349_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCoatsworth_&_al.2018">Coatsworth & al. 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(1973)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDittmar_&_al.2021-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDittmar_&_al.2021_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDittmar_&_al.2021">Dittmar & al. (2021)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sodom-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sodom_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sodom_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sodom_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMills2015">Mills (2015)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e6J0BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA82">82</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchibanoff2006[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid2HERnl-vqkoCpgPA36_36]-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchibanoff2006[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid2HERnl-vqkoCpgPA36_36]_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchibanoff2006">Schibanoff (2006)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2HERnl-vqkoC&pg=PA36">36</a>.</span> </li> <li 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href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page186mode2upviewtheater_186–189]_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChibnall1973">Chibnall (1973)</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4/page/186/mode/2up?view=theater">186–189</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMills2015[httpsbooksgooglecombookside6J0BgAAQBAJpgPA83_83]-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMills2015[httpsbooksgooglecombookside6J0BgAAQBAJpgPA83_83]_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMills2015">Mills (2015)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e6J0BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA83">83</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page188mode2upviewtheater_188–189]-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChibnall1973[httpsarchiveorgdetailschibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4page188mode2upviewtheater_188–189]_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChibnall1973">Chibnall (1973)</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chibnall-orderic-vitalis-vol-4/page/188/mode/2up?view=theater">188–189</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigache&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAird2008" class="citation cs2">Aird, William M. (2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3PssmLmp4LMC"><i>Robert Curthose Duke of Normandy (c. 1050–1134)</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Woodbridge,_Suffolk" title="Woodbridge, Suffolk">Woodbridge</a>: Boydell Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84383-660-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84383-660-5"><bdi>978-1-84383-660-5</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814021537/https://books.google.com/books?id=3PssmLmp4LMC">archived</a> from the original on 14 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert+Curthose+Duke+of+Normandy+%28c.+1050%E2%80%931134%29&rft.place=Woodbridge&rft.pub=Boydell+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-84383-660-5&rft.aulast=Aird&rft.aufirst=William+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3PssmLmp4LMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APigache" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAird2016" class="citation cs2">Aird, William M. (2016), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=743gDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA189">"Orderic's Secular Rulers and Representations of Personality and Power in the <i>Historia Ecclesiastica</i>"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=743gDQAAQBAJ"><i>Orderic Vitalis: Life, Works, and Interpretations</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Woodbridge,_Suffolk" title="Woodbridge, Suffolk">Woodbridge</a>: Boydell Press, pp. <span class="nowrap">189–</span>216, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78327-125-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78327-125-2"><bdi>978-1-78327-125-2</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814021523/https://books.google.com/books?id=743gDQAAQBAJ">archived</a> from the original on 14 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Orderic%27s+Secular+Rulers+and+Representations+of+Personality+and+Power+in+the+Historia+Ecclesiastica&rft.btitle=Orderic+Vitalis%3A+Life%2C+Works%2C+and+Interpretations&rft.place=Woodbridge&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E189-%3C%2Fspan%3E216&rft.pub=Boydell+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-78327-125-2&rft.aulast=Aird&rft.aufirst=William+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D743gDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APigache" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlberigo_&_al.1973" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Alberigo, J.; et al., eds. 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYarwood1980" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Yarwood" title="Doreen Yarwood">Yarwood, Doreen</a> (1980), <i>Costume of the Western World...</i>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge, England">Cambridge</a>: Lutterworth Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Costume+of+the+Western+World...&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Lutterworth+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Yarwood&rft.aufirst=Doreen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APigache" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footwear" title="Template:Footwear"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footwear" title="Template talk:Footwear"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footwear" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footwear"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Footwear422" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Footwear" title="Footwear">Footwear</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abandoned_footwear" title="Abandoned footwear">Abandoned footwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoe" title="Shoe">Shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoemaking" title="Shoemaking">Shoemaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoe_size" title="Shoe size">Shoe size</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dress_shoe" title="Dress shoe">Dress shoes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blucher_shoe" title="Blucher shoe">Blucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brogue_shoe" title="Brogue shoe">Brogues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothel_creeper" title="Brothel creeper">Brothel creepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_shoe" title="Derby shoe">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk_shoe" title="Monk shoe">Monks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_shoe" title="Oxford shoe">Oxfords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectator_shoe" title="Spectator shoe">Spectator shoes (Co-respondent shoes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winklepicker" title="Winklepicker">Winklepickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wholecut" title="Wholecut">Wholecuts</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slip-on_shoe" title="Slip-on shoe">Slip-on shoes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Court_shoe" title="Court shoe">Court shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slipper#Types" title="Slipper">Prince Albert slippers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip-on_shoe#Types_of_loafer" title="Slip-on shoe">Loafers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian-style_shoe" title="Venetian-style shoe">Venetian-style shoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Women's</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_flat" title="Ballet flat">Ballet flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-heeled_shoe" title="High-heeled shoe">High-heeled footwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jane_(shoe)" title="Mary Jane (shoe)">Mary Janes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojari" class="mw-redirect" title="Mojari">Mojari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mule_(shoe)" title="Mule (shoe)">Mules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peep-toe_shoe" title="Peep-toe shoe">Peep-toe shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddle_shoe" title="Saddle shoe">Saddle shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slingback" title="Slingback">Slingbacks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other shoes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moccasin#Driving_moccasins" title="Moccasin">Driving moccasins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flip-flops" title="Flip-flops">Flip-flops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galoshes" title="Galoshes">Galoshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_shoe" title="Platform shoe">Platform shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandal" title="Sandal">Sandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-tying_shoes" title="Self-tying shoes">Self-tying shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_(footwear)" title="Slide (footwear)">Slides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slipper" title="Slipper">Slippers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Uwabaki" title="Uwabaki">Uwabaki</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes" title="Tiger-head shoes">Tiger-head shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veldskoen" title="Veldskoen">Veldskoens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C5%8Dri" class="mw-redirect" title="Zōri">Zōri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Clog" title="Clog">Wooden footwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakya" title="Bakya">Bakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clog_(British)" title="Clog (British)">British clogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantabrian_albarcas" title="Cantabrian albarcas">Cantabrian albarcas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clog" title="Clog">Clogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geta_(footwear)" title="Geta (footwear)">Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klomp" title="Klomp">Klompen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaksin" title="Namaksin">Namaksin</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Okobo" title="Okobo">Okobo</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paduka" title="Paduka">Padukas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patten_(shoe)" title="Patten (shoe)">Pattens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabot_(shoe)" title="Sabot (shoe)">Sabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A4skor" title="Träskor">Träskor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Boots</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammunition_boot" title="Ammunition boot">Ammunition boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunny_boots" title="Bunny boots">Bunny boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_boot" title="Combat boot">Combat boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackboot" title="Jackboot">Jackboots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jump_boot" title="Jump boot">Jump boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_boot" title="Jungle boot">Jungle boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanker_boot" title="Tanker boot">Tanker boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trench_boot" title="Trench boot">Trench boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Lyman_Munson#Munson_last" title="Edward Lyman Munson">Munson Last</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Work</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_work_boot" title="Australian work boot">Australian work boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowboy_boot" title="Cowboy boot">Cowboy boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineer_boot" title="Engineer boot">Engineer boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_boot" title="Hip boot">Hip boots</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Jika-tabi" title="Jika-tabi">Jika-tabi</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigger_boot" title="Rigger boot">Rigger boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel-toe_boot" title="Steel-toe boot">Steel-toe boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waders_(footwear)" title="Waders (footwear)">Waders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fashion_boot" title="Fashion boot">Fashion boots</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_boot" title="Chelsea boot">Chelsea boots</a> (<a href="/wiki/Beatle_boot" title="Beatle boot">Beatle boots</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chukka_boot" title="Chukka boot">Chukka boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-go_boot" title="Go-go boot">Go-go boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee-high_boot" title="Knee-high boot">Knee-high boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-the-knee_boot" title="Over-the-knee boot">Over-the-knee boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_shoe" title="Platform shoe">Platform boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thigh-high_boots" title="Thigh-high boots">Thigh-high boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugg_boots" title="Ugg boots">Ugg boots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jodhpur_boot" title="Jodhpur boot">Jodhpur boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_boot" title="Wellington boot">Wellington boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_boot" title="Ballet boot">Ballet boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bean_boots" title="Bean boots">Bean boots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport-related footwear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_shoe" title="Ballet shoe">Ballet shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boat_shoe" title="Boat shoe">Boat shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_shoe" title="Climbing shoe">Climbing shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_country_running_shoe" title="Cross country running shoe">Cross country running shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_shoe" title="Cycling shoe">Cycling shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_boot" title="Football boot">Football boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghillies_(dance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghillies (dance)">Ghillies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiking_boot" title="Hiking boot">Hiking boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_skate" title="Ice skate">Ice skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">Inline skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_fu_shoe" title="Kung fu shoe">Kung fu shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_shoe" title="Minimalist shoe">Minimalist shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_boot" title="Motorcycle boot">Motorcycle boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering_boot" title="Mountaineering boot">Mountaineering boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plimsoll_(shoe)" title="Plimsoll (shoe)">Plimsolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointe_shoe" title="Pointe shoe">Pointe shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_flat" title="Racing flat">Racing flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_shoes" title="Racing shoes">Racing shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riding_boot" title="Riding boot">Riding boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_shoe" title="Roller shoe">Roller shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skates" title="Roller skates">Roller skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabaton" title="Sabaton">Sabatons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_boot" title="Safari boot">Safari boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skate_shoe" title="Skate shoe">Skate shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski_boot" title="Ski boot">Ski boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneakers" title="Sneakers">Sneakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swimfin" title="Swimfin">Swimfins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_shoe" title="Water shoe">Water shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_shoe" title="Wrestling shoe">Wrestling shoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Folk_costume" title="Folk costume">Folk footwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abaca_slippers" title="Abaca slippers">Abacas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abarka" title="Abarka">Abarkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espadrille" title="Espadrille">Alpargatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avarca" title="Avarca">Avarcas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balgha" title="Balgha">Balghas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bast_shoe" title="Bast shoe">Bast shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciocie" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciocie">Ciocie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clog" title="Clog">Clogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espadrille" title="Espadrille">Espadrilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furlane_(shoe)" title="Furlane (shoe)">Furlane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galesh" title="Galesh">Galesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geta_(footwear)" title="Geta (footwear)">Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giveh" title="Giveh">Giveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haferlschuh" title="Haferlschuh">Haferlschuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hnyat-phanat" title="Hnyat-phanat">Hnyat-phanats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huarache_(shoe)" title="Huarache (shoe)">Huarache</a></li> <li><span title="Korean-language romanization"><i lang="ko-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Hwa" title="Hwa">Hwa</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Korean-language romanization"><i lang="ko-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Jipsin" title="Jipsin">Jipsin</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorabs" title="Jorabs">Jorabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamik" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamik">Kamiks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolhapuri_chappal" title="Kolhapuri chappal">Kolhapuri chappals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moccasin" title="Moccasin">Moccasins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojari" class="mw-redirect" title="Mojari">Mojaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukluk" title="Mukluk">Mukluks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_clogs" title="Turkish clogs">Nalins</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Okobo" title="Okobo">Okobo</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opanak" title="Opanak">Opanci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshawari_chappal" title="Peshawari chappal">Peshawari chappals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowshoe" title="Snowshoe">Snowshoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsarouchi" title="Tsarouchi">Tsarouchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_clogs" title="Turkish clogs">Takunya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanah" title="Upanah">Upanah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valenki" title="Valenki">Valenkis</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Waraji" title="Waraji">Waraji</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C5%8Dri" class="mw-redirect" title="Zōri">Zōri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical footwear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areni-1_shoe" title="Areni-1 shoe">Areni-1 shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buskin" title="Buskin">Buskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcei" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcei">Calcei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caligae" title="Caligae">Caligae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbatina" title="Carbatina">Carbatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier_boot" title="Cavalier boot">Cavalier boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanfu_footwear" title="Hanfu footwear">Chinese styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopine" title="Chopine">Chopines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duckbill_shoe" title="Duckbill shoe">Duckbill shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flowerpot_shoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Flowerpot shoe">Flowerpot shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hessian_(boot)" title="Hessian (boot)">Hessians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_shoe" title="Lotus shoe">Lotus shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampootie" title="Pampootie">Pampooties</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pigaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poulaine" title="Poulaine">Poulaines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socci" class="mw-redirect" title="Socci">Socci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnshoe" title="Turnshoe">Turnshoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shoe construction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bespoke_shoes" title="Bespoke shoes">Bespoke shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_construction" title="Blake construction">Blake construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_welt" title="Goodyear welt">Goodyear welt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoe_buckle" title="Shoe buckle">Shoe buckle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoelaces" title="Shoelaces">Shoelaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toe_box" title="Toe box">Toe box</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/High-heeled_shoe" title="High-heeled shoe">High heels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clear_heels" title="Clear heels">Clear heels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitten_heel" title="Kitten heel">Kitten heels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spool_heel" title="Spool heel">Spool heels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stiletto_heel" title="Stiletto heel">Stiletto heels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge_(footwear)" title="Wedge (footwear)">Wedges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hosiery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anklet_(sock)" title="Anklet (sock)">Anklets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_sock" title="Bobby sock">Bobby socks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dress_sock" title="Dress sock">Dress socks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footwrap" title="Footwrap">Footwraps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee_highs" title="Knee highs">Knee highs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantyhose" title="Pantyhose">Pantyhose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sock" title="Sock">Sock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stocking" title="Stocking">Stocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tights" title="Tights">Tights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toe_sock" class="mw-redirect" title="Toe sock">Toe socks</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Tabi" title="Tabi">Tabi</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spats_(footwear)" title="Spats (footwear)">Spats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_shoe_styles" title="List of shoe styles">List of shoe styles</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Historical_clothing437" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Historical_clothing" title="Template:Historical clothing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Historical_clothing" title="Template talk:Historical clothing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Historical_clothing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Historical clothing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Historical_clothing437" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">Historical clothing</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Body-length</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abolla" title="Abolla">Abolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banyan_(clothing)" title="Banyan (clothing)">Banyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)" title="Brunswick (clothing)">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Court uniform and dress in the Empire of Japan">Court dress (Empire of Japan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiton_(costume)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiton (costume)">Chiton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frock" title="Frock">Frock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frock_coat" title="Frock coat">Frock coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanfu" title="Hanfu">Hanfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justacorps" title="Justacorps">Justacorps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paenula" title="Paenula">Paenula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peplos" title="Peplos">Peplos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stola" title="Stola">Stola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toga" title="Toga">Toga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunic" title="Tunic">Tunic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xout_lao" title="Xout lao">Xout lao</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clothes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Clothes.jpg/150px-Clothes.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Clothes.jpg/225px-Clothes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Clothes.jpg/300px-Clothes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1566" data-file-height="2460" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Top_(clothing)" title="Top (clothing)">Tops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_(clothing)" title="Basque (clothing)">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedgown" title="Bedgown">Bedgown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodice" title="Bodice">Bodice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)" title="Doublet (clothing)">Doublet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peascod_belly" title="Peascod belly">Peascod belly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poet_shirt" title="Poet shirt">Poet shirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sbai" title="Sbai">Sbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suea_pat" title="Suea pat">Suea pat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trousers" title="Trousers">Trousers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braccae" title="Braccae">Braccae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breeches" title="Breeches">Breeches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sompot_Chong_Kben" title="Sompot Chong Kben">Sompot Chong Kben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culottes" title="Culottes">Culottes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harem_pants" title="Harem pants">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knickerbockers_(clothing)" title="Knickerbockers (clothing)">Knickerbockers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedal_pushers" title="Pedal pushers">Pedal pushers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zarag%C3%BCelles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zaragüelles (page does not exist)">Zaragüelles</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarag%C3%BCelles_(calzones)" class="extiw" title="es:Zaragüelles (calzones)">es</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Skirt" title="Skirt">Skirts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hobble_skirt" title="Hobble skirt">Hobble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poodle_skirt" title="Poodle skirt">Poodle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safeguard_(costume)" title="Safeguard (costume)">Safeguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sompot" class="mw-redirect" title="Sompot">Sompot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinh_(clothing)" title="Sinh (clothing)">Sinh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_(clothing)" title="Train (clothing)">Train</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dress" title="Dress">Dresses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bliaut" title="Bliaut">Bliaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close-bodied_gown" title="Close-bodied gown">Close-bodied gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debutante_dress" title="Debutante dress">Debutante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gown" title="Gown">Gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtle" title="Kirtle">Kirtle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantua_(clothing)" title="Mantua (clothing)">Mantua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonaise_(clothing)" title="Polonaise (clothing)">Polonaise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robe_de_cour" title="Robe de cour">Robe de cour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack-back_gown" title="Sack-back gown">Sack-back gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailor_dress" title="Sailor dress">Sailor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_gown" title="Tea gown">Tea gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaju_chuishao_fu" title="Zaju chuishao fu">Zaju chuishao fu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_outerwear" title="List of outerwear">Outerwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capote_(garment)" title="Capote (garment)">Capote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_coat" title="Car coat">Car coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caraco" title="Caraco">Caraco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_cloak" title="Cardinal cloak">Cardinal cloak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamail_(clothing)" title="Chamail (clothing)">Chamail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlamys" title="Chlamys">Chlamys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloak" title="Cloak">Cloak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinsale_cloak" title="Kinsale cloak">Kinsale cloak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolman" title="Dolman">Dolman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)" title="Doublet (clothing)">Doublet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duster_(clothing)" title="Duster (clothing)">Duster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exomis" title="Exomis">Exomis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greatcoat" title="Greatcoat">Greatcoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himation" title="Himation">Himation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houppelande" title="Houppelande">Houppelande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverness_cape" title="Inverness cape">Inverness cape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerkin" title="Jerkin">Jerkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandys" title="Kandys">Kandys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket" title="Mackinaw jacket">Mackinaw jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadiri" title="Nadiri">Nadiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_jacket" title="Norfolk jacket">Norfolk jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-frock_coat" title="Over-frock coat">Overfrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%B1uelo" title="Pañuelo">Pañuelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palla_(garment)" title="Palla (garment)">Palla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallium_(Roman_cloak)" title="Pallium (Roman cloak)">Pallium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelisse" title="Pelisse">Pelisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poncho" title="Poncho">Poncho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadbelly" title="Shadbelly">Shadbelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawl" title="Shawl">Shawl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galway_shawl" title="Galway shawl">Galway shawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kullu_shawl" title="Kullu shawl">Kullu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smock-frock" title="Smock-frock">Smock-frock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_(clothing)" title="Spencer (clothing)">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surcoat" title="Surcoat">Surcoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surtout" title="Surtout">Surtout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_coat" title="Ulster coat">Ulster coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visite" title="Visite">Visite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witzchoura" title="Witzchoura">Witzchoura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Undergarment" class="mw-redirect" title="Undergarment">Underwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_(clothing)" title="Basque (clothing)">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bustle" title="Bustle">Bustle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chausses" title="Chausses">Chausses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemise" title="Chemise">Chemise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codpiece" title="Codpiece">Codpiece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corselet" title="Corselet">Corselet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">Corset</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waist_cincher" title="Waist cincher">Waist cincher</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickey_(garment)" title="Dickey (garment)">Dickey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garter" title="Garter">Garter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoop_skirt" title="Hoop skirt">Hoop skirt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crinoline" title="Crinoline">Crinoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farthingale" title="Farthingale">Farthingale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)" title="Pannier (clothing)">Pannier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hose_(clothing)" title="Hose (clothing)">Hose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_bodice" title="Liberty bodice">Liberty bodice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loincloth" title="Loincloth">Loincloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_drawers" title="Open drawers">Open drawers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantalettes" title="Pantalettes">Pantalettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petticoat" title="Petticoat">Petticoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peignoir" title="Peignoir">Peignoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pettipants" title="Pettipants">Pettipants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_suit" title="Union suit">Union suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm" title="Yếm">Yếm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Headgear" title="Headgear">Headwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat" title="Anthony Eden hat">Anthony Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apex_(headdress)" title="Apex (headdress)">Apex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arakhchin" title="Arakhchin">Arakhchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attifet" title="Attifet">Attifet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviator_hat" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviator hat">Aviator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_t%E1%BA%A7m" title="Ba tầm">Ba tầm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat" title="Bergère hat">Bergère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blessed_sword_and_hat" title="Blessed sword and hat">Blessed hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnet_(headgear)" title="Bonnet (headgear)">Bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calathus_(basket)" title="Calathus (basket)">Calath crown (headdress)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capotain" title="Capotain">Capotain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caubeen" title="Caubeen">Caubeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier_hat" title="Cavalier hat">Cavalier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coif" title="Coif">Coif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coonskin_cap" title="Coonskin cap">Coonskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornette" title="Cornette">Cornette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunce_cap" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunce cap">Dunce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fillet_(clothing)" title="Fillet (clothing)">Fillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_hood" title="French hood">French hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontange" title="Fontange">Fontange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futou" title="Futou">Futou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gable_hood" title="Gable hood">Gable hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennin" title="Hennin">Hennin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeongjagwan" title="Jeongjagwan">Jeongjagwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_hat" title="Jewish hat">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kausia" title="Kausia">Kausia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokoshnik" title="Kokoshnik">Kokoshnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llawt%27u" title="Llawt'u">Llawt'u</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malahai" title="Malahai">Malahai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matron%27s_badge" title="Matron's badge">Matron's badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miner%27s_cap" title="Miner's cap">Miner's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobcap" title="Mobcap">Mob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modius_(headdress)" title="Modius (headdress)">Modius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_cap" title="Monmouth cap">Monmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mooskappe" title="Mooskappe">Mooskappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motoring_hood" title="Motoring hood">Motoring hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mounteere_Cap" class="mw-redirect" title="Mounteere Cap">Mounteere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemes" title="Nemes">Nemes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightcap_(garment)" title="Nightcap (garment)">Nightcap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochipok" title="Ochipok">Ochipok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_hat" title="Pahlavi hat">Pahlavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petasos" title="Petasos">Petasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_cap" title="Phrygian cap">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pileus_(hat)" title="Pileus (hat)">Pileus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printer%27s_hat" title="Printer's hat">Printer's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_bumper_headguard_cap" title="Baby bumper headguard cap">Pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qeleshe" title="Qeleshe">Qeleshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qing_official_headwear" title="Qing official headwear">Qing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salakot" title="Salakot">Salakot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snood_(headgear)" title="Snood (headgear)">Snood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_cap" title="Smoking cap">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephane_(headdress)" title="Stephane (headdress)">Stephane (headdress)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tainia_(costume)" title="Tainia (costume)">Tainia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taranga_(clothing)" title="Taranga (clothing)">Taranga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Wig" title="Welsh Wig">Welsh Wig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wimple" title="Wimple">Wimple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Footwear" title="Footwear">Footwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buskin" title="Buskin">Buskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcei" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcei">Calcei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caligae" title="Caligae">Caligae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbatina" title="Carbatina">Carbatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanfu_footwear" title="Hanfu footwear">Chinese styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopine" title="Chopine">Chopines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duckbill_shoe" title="Duckbill shoe">Duckbills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_sandals" title="Episcopal sandals">Episcopal sandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hessian_(boot)" title="Hessian (boot)">Hessian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_shoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotus shoes">Lotus shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_platform_shoes" title="Manchu platform shoes">Manchu platform shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampootie" title="Pampootie">Pampooties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patten_(shoe)" title="Patten (shoe)">Pattens</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pigaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poulaine" title="Poulaine">Poulaines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socci" class="mw-redirect" title="Socci">Socci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes" title="Tiger-head shoes">Tiger-head shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnshoe" title="Turnshoe">Turnshoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fashion_accessory" title="Fashion accessory">Accessories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascot_tie" title="Ascot tie">Ascot tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_hook" title="Belt hook">Belt hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cointoise" title="Cointoise">Cointoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cravat_(early)" title="Cravat (early)">Cravat (early)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairpin" title="Hairpin">Hairpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatpin" title="Hatpin">Hatpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabot_(neckwear)" title="Jabot (neckwear)">Jabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pussy_bow" title="Pussy bow">Lavallière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muff_(handwarmer)" title="Muff (handwarmer)">Muff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oes" title="Oes">Oes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partlet" title="Partlet">Partlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfumed_gloves" title="Perfumed gloves">Perfumed gloves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruff_(clothing)" title="Ruff (clothing)">Ruff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoe_buckle" title="Shoe buckle">Shoe buckle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visard" title="Visard">Visard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emojione_1F458.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/28px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/42px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 1.5x, 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footwear">Historical footwear</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Byzantine_clothing" title="Category:Byzantine clothing">Byzantine clothing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Medieval_European_costume" title="Category:Medieval European costume">Medieval European costume</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2023" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2023">Use dmy dates from August 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_shortened_footnotes_from_August_2023" title="Category:Use shortened footnotes from August 2023">Use shortened footnotes from August 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from 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projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2015-07-03T16:52:19Z","dateModified":"2023-08-14T15:04:03Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/0e\/Liber_floridus-1120-Leviathan-p135.jpg","headline":"types of shoe with a long pointed turned up toe, worn during the Romanesque and Byzantine periods"}</script> </body> </html>