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</div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shirley Ann Jackson</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 22 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="شيرلي آن جاكسون — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شيرلي آن جاكسون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="شيرلى آن جاكسون — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شيرلى آن جاكسون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="شرلی جکسون — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شرلی جکسون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%92%27%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F" title="שירלי אן ג'קסון — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שירלי אן ג'קסון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%AF%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="შირლი ენ ჯექსონი — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შირლი ენ ჯექსონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BA" title="ഷേർലി ആൻ ജാക്സൺ — malaiala" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഷേർലി ആൻ ജാക്സൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AC%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%86" title="شیرلي آن جکسن — pastó" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شیرلي آن جکسن" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%BD" title="Джексон, Ширли Энн — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джексон, Ширли Энн" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Shirley Ann Jackson" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சர்லி ஜாக்சன் — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சர்லி ஜாக்சன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ширлі Енн Джексон — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ширлі Енн Джексон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E8%8E%89%C2%B7%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E5%82%91%E5%85%8B%E9%81%9C" title="雪莉·安·傑克遜 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="雪莉·安·傑克遜" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3482342#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discuss%C3%A3o:Shirley_Ann_Jackson&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussão sobre o conteúdo da página (página não existe) [t]" 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lang="pt" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width:270px; font-size:88%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:larger; background-color:transparent; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Shirley Ann Jackson</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Shirley_Ann_Jackson_World_Economic_Forum_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Shirley_Ann_Jackson_World_Economic_Forum_2010.jpg/220px-Shirley_Ann_Jackson_World_Economic_Forum_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Shirley_Ann_Jackson_World_Economic_Forum_2010.jpg/330px-Shirley_Ann_Jackson_World_Economic_Forum_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Shirley_Ann_Jackson_World_Economic_Forum_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="377" data-file-height="447" /></a></span><br /><div style="padding-top:0.2em;">Shirley no Fórum Econômico Mundial de 2010</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/5_de_agosto#Nascimentos" title="5 de agosto">5 de agosto</a> de <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> (78 anos)<br /><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Residência </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" title="Estados Unidos">Estados Unidos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nacionalidade </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" title="Estados Unidos">Estados Unidos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Cônjuge </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Morris Washington </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><i><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></i> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Tecnologia_de_Massachusetts" title="Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts">Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Prêmios </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias" title="Medalha Nacional de Ciências">Medalha Nacional de Ciências</a> (2014)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Orientador(es)(as) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">James Young </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Campo(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">Física</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Shirley Ann Jackson</b> (<a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, <a href="/wiki/5_de_agosto" title="5 de agosto">5 de agosto</a> de <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>) é uma física <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" title="Estados Unidos">estadunidense</a>, e décima-oitava presidente do <a href="/wiki/Instituto_Polit%C3%A9cnico_Rensselaer" title="Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer">Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-diaspora_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diaspora-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Obteve um <a href="/wiki/Doutorado_em_filosofia" class="mw-redirect" title="Doutorado em filosofia">Ph.D.</a> em <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_nuclear" title="Física nuclear">física nuclear</a> no <a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Tecnologia_de_Massachusetts" title="Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts">Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts</a> (MIT) em 1973, tornando-se a primeira mulher <a href="/wiki/Afro-americanos" title="Afro-americanos">afro-estadunidense</a> a obter um doutorado no <a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Tecnologia_de_Massachusetts" title="Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts">MIT</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-profile_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-profile-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recebeu a <a href="/wiki/Medalha_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias" title="Medalha Nacional de Ciências">Medalha Nacional de Ciências</a> (ciências físicas) de 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Earlyyears.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Earlyyears.jpg/220px-Earlyyears.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Earlyyears.jpg/330px-Earlyyears.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Earlyyears.jpg/440px-Earlyyears.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Shirley Ann Jackson Early years in college</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Primeiros_Anos">Primeiros Anos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Primeiros Anos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Primeiros Anos"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shirley nasceu em Washington D.C.. Seus pais, Beatrice e George Jackson, valorizavam muito a educação e a encorajaram a ir para a escola. Seu pai a apoiava e incentivava seus interesses pelas ciências, auxiliando em seus projetos na escola.<sup id="cite_ref-diaspora_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diaspora-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> No ensino médio, na Roosevelt High School, Shirley teve aulas de aceleração em matemática e ciência e formou-se como oradora da turma, antes dos alunos de mesma idade, em 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-diaspora_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diaspora-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shirley foi para o <a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Tecnologia_de_Massachusetts" title="Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts">Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts</a> (MIT), em 1964, uma das menos de 20 pessoas negras do instituto e a única estudando <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_te%C3%B3rica" title="Física teórica">física teórica</a>. Foi voluntária no Boston City Hospital, enquanto ainda era estudante e orientou estudantes na Associação Cristã de Moços, em Roxbury.<sup id="cite_ref-diaspora_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diaspora-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Obteve o <a href="/wiki/Bacharelado" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacharelado">bacharelado</a> em 1968, com uma tese em <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_do_estado_s%C3%B3lido" title="Física do estado sólido">física do estado sólido</a>. </p><p>Comprometida em promover a justiça social, organizou a União dos Estudantes Negros (Black Student Union) no MIT e trabalhou duro para aumentar o número de negros que entravam na instituição. Em apenas um ano, o número de inscritos subiu de 2 para 57<sup id="cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Aprovada para permanecer no MIT para seu doutorado, obteve seu título em 1973, sendo a primeira negra a obter um doutorado no MIT,<sup id="cite_ref-diaspora_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diaspora-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> trabalhando com teoria de partículas elementares. Shirley também foi a segunda mulher negra nos Estados Unidos a obter um doutorado em Física, juntando-se a <a href="/wiki/Marie_Maynard_Daly" title="Marie Maynard Daly">Marie Maynard Daly</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup>, primeira afro-americana a obter, nos Estados Unidos, um <a href="/wiki/Doutorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Doutorado">doutorado</a> em Química, </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Carreira">Carreira</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Carreira" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Carreira"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Como pesquisadora de pós-doutorado de partículas subatômicas durante a década de 1970, Shirley Jackson estudou e realizou pesquisas em vários laboratórios de física nos Estados Unidos e na Europa. Sua primeira posição foi como pesquisadora associada no <a href="/wiki/Fermilab" title="Fermilab">Fermilab</a> (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory) em Batavia, Illinois, onde estudou <a href="/wiki/Hadron" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadron">hadrons</a>. Em 1974, tornou-se uma cientista visitante na Organização Europeia para Pesquisa Nuclear (<a href="/wiki/Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Europeia_para_a_Pesquisa_Nuclear" class="mw-redirect" title="Organização Europeia para a Pesquisa Nuclear">CERN</a>) na Suíça. Lá ela explorou teorias de partículas elementares que interagem fortemente. Em 1976 e 1977, lecionou física no <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanford_linear_accelerator_center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanford linear accelerator center (página não existe)">Stanford Linear Accelerator Center</a> e tornou-se cientista visitante no Aspen Center for Physics. </p><p>Mais tarde, sua pesquisa enfocou as teorias de Landau-Ginsburg sobre as ondas de densidade de carga em compostos em camadas, e estudou as teorias bidimensionais de calibre Yang-Mills e as reações de neutrinos. </p><p>Shirley Ann Jackson descreveu seus interesses da seguinte forma: </p><p>"Estou interessada nas propriedades eletrônicas, ópticas, magnéticas e de transporte de novos sistemas semicondutores. Tenho especial interesse no comportamento de polarons magnéticos em semicondutores, semi- magnéticos e diluídos, e as propriedades de resposta óptica de poços quânticos semicondutores e super-redes. Meus interesses também incluem pontos quânticos, sistemas mesoscópicos e o papel das flutuações antiferromagnéticas em sistemas eletrônicos 2D correlacionados".<sup id="cite_ref-diaspora_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diaspora-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em 1995, o presidente <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> nomeou Shirley Jackson para servir como presidente da Comissão Reguladora Nuclear dos EUA (NRC), tornando-se a primeira mulher e primeira afro-americana a ocupar essa posição. No NRC, ela tinha "autoridade final para todas as funções do NRC relativas a uma emergência envolvendo </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:NRC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/NRC.jpg/220px-NRC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/NRC.jpg/330px-NRC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/NRC.jpg/440px-NRC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Shirley Ann Jackson during her work @ NRC</figcaption></figure> <p>um licenciado NRC." <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> Além disso, enquanto Jackson serviu na comissão, ela ajudou no estabelecimento da Associação Internacional de Reguladores Nucleares<sup id="cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Não_nomeado-yFEE-2-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Com inúmeros prêmios e amplo trabalho, a Dra. Shirley Jackson é um grande exemplo da capacidade das mulheres e das minorias de alcançarem níveis de liderança nas ciências, tecnologia, educação e políticas públicas.Recebeu em 2007 o prestigiado <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Vannevar_Bush" title="Prêmio Vannevar Bush">Prêmio Vannevar Bush</a> por uma "vida de realizações em pesquisa científica, educação e contribuições de estadistas seniores para políticas públicas"<sup id="cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup>. A Dra. Jackson ainda detém 45 doutorados honorários, além de outros inúmeros prêmios. </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honras_e_Louvores">Honras e Louvores</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Honras e Louvores" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Honras e Louvores"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A Dra. Jackson recebeu muitas bolsas de estudo, incluindo a bolsa de estudos <a href="/wiki/Martin_Marietta_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Marietta Corporation">Martin Marietta</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Marietta_Aircraft_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Marietta Aircraft Company (página não existe)">Martin Marietta Aircraft Company</a>), a bolsa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_Masons_Scholarship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prince Masons Scholarship (página não existe)">Prince Masons <i>Scholarship</i></a>, o <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Science_Foundation_Traineeship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Science Foundation Traineeship (página não existe)"><i>National Science Foundation</i> Traineeship</a> e a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ford_Foundation_Advanced_Study_Fellowship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ford Foundation Advanced Study Fellowship (página não existe)">Ford Foundation Advanced Study Fellowship</a>. Ela foi eleita para várias sociedades extraordinárias, incluindo a <a href="/wiki/American_Physical_Society" title="American Physical Society">American Physical Society</a> e <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup>. Em 2014, foi nomeada destinatária da <a href="/wiki/Medalha_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias" title="Medalha Nacional de Ciências">Medalha Nacional da Ciência</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p><p><br /> Suas realizações em ciência e educação foram reconhecidas com vários prêmios, incluindo o prêmio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cientistas_Negros_Excepcionais&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cientistas Negros Excepcionais (página não existe)">Cientistas Negros Excepcionais</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Exceptional_Black_Scientist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Exceptional Black Scientist (página não existe)">Exceptional Black Scientist</a>) da <a href="/wiki/Ciba-Geiby" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciba-Geiby">CIBA-GEIGY</a>. No início dos anos 90, o governador <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Florio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Florio (página não existe)">James Florio</a> concedeu-lhe o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pr%C3%AAmio_Thomas_Alva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prêmio Thomas Alva (página não existe)">Prêmio Thomas Alva Edison</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Alva_Edison_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Alva Edison Science (página não existe)">Thomas Alva Edison Science</a>) por suas contribuições à física e à promoção da ciência. Em 2001, recebeu o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pr%C3%AAmio_Richtmyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prêmio Richtmyer (página não existe)">Prêmio Richtmyer</a> ( <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richtmyer_Memorial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richtmyer Memorial (página não existe)">Richtmyer Memorial</a>), concedido anualmente pela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Americana_de_Professores_de_F%C3%ADsica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Associação Americana de Professores de Física (página não existe)">Associação Americana de Professores de Física</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Shirley Ann Jackson recebeu prêmios pelos anos de 1976 e 1981 como uma das Mulheres Jovens de Destaque da América (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Outstanding_Young_Women_of_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Outstanding Young Women of America (página não existe)">Outstanding Young Women of America</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Não_nomeado-yFEE-2-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:WomenHallOfFame.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/WomenHallOfFame.jpg/220px-WomenHallOfFame.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/WomenHallOfFame.jpg/330px-WomenHallOfFame.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/WomenHallOfFame.jpg/440px-WomenHallOfFame.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Shirley Ann Jackson when included on Women Hall of Fame</figcaption></figure> <p>Ela foi introduzida ao <a href="/wiki/National_Women%E2%80%99s_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Women’s Hall of Fame">National Women's Hall of Fame</a> (Hall da Fama das Mulheres) em 1998 por "suas contribuições significativas como uma cientista distinta e defensora da educação, ciência e políticas públicas".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shirley Jackson também tem atuação em associações profissionais e em servir a sociedade por meio de comissões científicas públicas. Em 1985, o governador Thomas Kean nomeou-a para a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comiss%C3%A3o_de_Ci%C3%AAncia_e_Tecnologia_de_Nova_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comissão de Ciência e Tecnologia de Nova Jersey (página não existe)">Comissão de Ciência e Tecnologia de Nova Jersey</a>. Ela é uma voz ativa em numerosos comitês da <a href="/wiki/Academia_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Academia Nacional de Ciências dos Estados Unidos">Academia Nacional de Ciências</a>, da <a href="/wiki/Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Americana_para_o_Avan%C3%A7o_da_Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência">Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência</a> (AAAS) e da <a href="/wiki/National_Science_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="National Science Foundation">National Science Foundation</a>. Seu objetivo contínuo tem sido preservar e fortalecer a capacidade nacional de inovação dos EUA, aumentando o apoio à pesquisa básica em ciência e engenharia. Isso é feito, em parte, atraindo talentos do exterior e expandindo o banco de talentos interno, atraindo mulheres e membros de grupos sub-representados para carreiras científicas. </p><p>Dra. Jackson continua envolvida na política e vida pública. Em 2008, tornou-se vice-presidente da <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_Vice_Chairman_of_the_U.S._Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University Vice Chairman of the U.S. Council (página não existe)">University Vice Chairman of the U.S. Council on Competitiveness</a>, um grupo sem fins lucrativos com sede em Washington, DC. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Jackson-medal-of-science.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jackson-medal-of-science.jpg/220px-Jackson-medal-of-science.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jackson-medal-of-science.jpg/330px-Jackson-medal-of-science.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jackson-medal-of-science.jpg/440px-Jackson-medal-of-science.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1047" data-file-height="661" /></a><figcaption>Obama giving Shirley Ann Jackson the National Medal of Science</figcaption></figure> <p>Em 2009, o presidente Barack Obama nomeou Jackson para servir no Conselho de Assessores de Ciência e Tecnologia do Presidente. membro do grupo consultivo dedicado à política pública.Ela foi nomeada um membro internacional da Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng) em 2012. Ela recebeu um Prêmio Candace de Tecnologia da Coalizão Nacional de 100 Mulheres Negras em 1982. </p><p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referências"><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Referências" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Referências"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-diaspora-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-diaspora_1-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-diaspora_1-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-diaspora_1-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-diaspora_1-3">d</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-diaspora_1-4">e</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-diaspora_1-5">f</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Williams, Scott. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/physics/jackson_shirleya.html">«Physicists of the African Diaspora»</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 31 de dezembro de 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.btitle=Physicists+of+the+African+Diaspora&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.math.buffalo.edu%2Fmad%2Fphysics%2Fjackson_shirleya.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-profile-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-profile_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/president/profile.html">Jackson profile at RPI</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAAS-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-AAAS_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706075731/http://www.aaas.org/ScienceTalk/jackson.shtml">«AAAS article on President Jackson»</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 24 de novembro de 2016</span>. Arquivado do <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaas.org/ScienceTalk/jackson.shtml">original</a> em 6 de julho de 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.btitle=AAAS+article+on+President+Jackson&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaas.org%2FScienceTalk%2Fjackson.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.rpi.edu/content/2016/05/19/president-shirley-ann-jackson-receives-national-medal-science">«President Shirley Ann Jackson Receives National Medal of Science. Award presented by President Obama at a White House ceremony - May 19, 2016»</a> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 24 de novembro de 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.btitle=President+Shirley+Ann+Jackson+Receives+National+Medal+of+Science.+Award+presented+by+President+Obama+at+a+White+House+ceremony+-+May+19%2C+2016&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fcontent%2F2016%2F05%2F19%2Fpresident-shirley-ann-jackson-receives-national-medal-science&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1_5-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1_5-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-1_5-2">c</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/shirley-ann-jackson/">«Jackson, Shirley Ann»</a>. <i>National Women’s Hall of Fame</i> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 9 de março de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.atitle=Jackson%2C+Shirley+Ann&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Women%99s+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.womenofthehall.org%2Finductee%2Fshirley-ann-jackson%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Svitil, kathy. Kalmbach Publishing, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovermagazine.com/2002/nov/feat50/">«The 50 Most Important Women in Science»</a>. <i>Discover Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 15 de dezembro de 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.atitle=The+50+Most+Important+Women+in+Science&rft.aufirst=kathy&rft.aulast=Svitil&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Discover+Magazine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovermagazine.com%2F2002%2Fnov%2Ffeat50%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/college/faculty/coll_pres_jacksonbio.html">«The New York Times > College > Faculty > Presidential Perspectives: Biography of Shirley Ann Jackson, Ph.D.»</a>. <i>archive.nytimes.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 9 de março de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.atitle=The+New+York+Times+%3E+College+%3E+Faculty+%3E+Presidential+Perspectives%3A+Biography+of+Shirley+Ann+Jackson%2C+Ph.D.&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.nytimes.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fref%2Fcollege%2Ffaculty%2Fcoll_pres_jacksonbio.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Não_nomeado-yFEE-2-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-2_8-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Não_nomeado-yFEE-2_8-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Camp, Carole Ann (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/american-women-inventors/oclc/48398924"><i>American women inventors</i></a> (em inglês). Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9780766019133" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/9780766019133">9780766019133</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/48398924">48398924</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.aufirst=Carole+Ann&rft.aulast=Camp&rft.btitle=American+women+inventors&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780766019133&rft.place=Berkeley+Heights%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Enslow+Publishers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2Famerican-women-inventors%2Foclc%2F48398924&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F48398924&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928194541/http://news.rpi.edu/campusnews/update.do?artcenterkey=2136&setappvar=page(1)&setappvar=issueSet(2136,2124,2131,2127,2117,2118,2132,2133,2130,2126)&setappvar=pos(1)">«RPI: News & Events - President Jackson Elected Member of American Philosophical Society»</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 28 de setembro de 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 9 de março de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.atitle=RPI%3A+News+%26+Events+-+President+Jackson+Elected+Member+of+American+Philosophical+Society&rft.date=2011-09-28&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20110928194541%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fcampusnews%2Fupdate.do%3Fartcenterkey%3D2136%26setappvar%3Dpage%281%29%26setappvar%3DissueSet%282136%2C2124%2C2131%2C2127%2C2117%2C2118%2C2132%2C2133%2C2130%2C2126%29%26setappvar%3Dpos%281%29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">stLight.options;, SCER Staffvar switchTo5x=false;. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.rpi.edu/content/2015/12/22/president-shirley-ann-jackson-named-recipient-national-medal-science">«President Shirley Ann Jackson Named Recipient of National Medal of Science»</a>. <i>news.rpi.edu</i> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 9 de março de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.atitle=President+Shirley+Ann+Jackson+Named+Recipient+of+National+Medal+of+Science&rft.aufirst=SCER+Staffvar+switchTo5x%3Dfalse%3B&rft.aulast=stLight.options%3B&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.rpi.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fcontent%2F2015%2F12%2F22%2Fpresident-shirley-ann-jackson-named-recipient-national-medal-science&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://president.rpi.edu/">«Office of the President | Office of the President»</a>. <i>president.rpi.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 9 de março de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.atitle=Office+of+the+President+%7C+Office+of+the+President&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=president.rpi.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpresident.rpi.edu%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://president.rpi.edu/president-biography">«Biography | Office of the President»</a>. <i>president.rpi.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 9 de março de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.atitle=Biography+%7C+Office+of+the+President&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=president.rpi.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpresident.rpi.edu%2Fpresident-biography&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69325977">@media(max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack{width:100%!important;float:none!important;margin:10px auto!important;text-align:center!important;box-sizing:border-box!important}.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack .image-container{float:none!important;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px}.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack .text-container{margin-left:0!important}}</style><div class="noprint mobile-stack" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 0; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div class="image-container" style="float: left; vertical-align:middle; margin: 0 10px 0 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="text-container" style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a> tem citações relacionadas a <i><b><a href="https://pt.wikiquote.org/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" class="extiw" title="q:Shirley Ann Jackson">Shirley Ann Jackson</a></b></i>.</div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/president/profile.html">Official Profile from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070630131905/http://www.iwaswondering.org/shirley_homepage.html">Shirley Ann Jackson</a> at IWasWondering.com</li> <li><cite class="citation journal">June, Audrey (5 de junho de 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/president/chronicle-10692-web.pdf">«Shirley Ann Jackson Sticks to the Plan»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Chronicle of Higher Education</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AShirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.atitle=Shirley+Ann+Jackson+Sticks+to+the+Plan&rft.aufirst=Audrey&rft.aulast=June&rft.date=2007-06-05&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chronicle+of+Higher+Education&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fpresident%2Fchronicle-10692-web.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chronicle.com/free/v53/i41/41a02401.htm">Article and profile</a> from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chronicle_of_Higher_Education&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chronicle of Higher Education (página não existe)">Chronicle of Higher Education</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Shirley_Ann_Jackson">Biography of Jackson from IEEE</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090201025812/http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/9027">Discussion with Charlie Rose</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69328899">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:0 auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Gene" title="Blue Gene">Blue Gene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_(microprocessador)" title="Cell (microprocessador)">Microprocessador Cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Mainframes_da_IBM" title="Categoria:Mainframes da IBM">Mainframe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PC" title="IBM PC">PC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_de_Gest%C3%A3o_da_Informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_IBM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Software de Gestão da Informação IBM (página não existe)">Gestão da Informação</a></li> <li>Quantum <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Q_System_One" title="IBM Q System One">Q System One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Q_System_Two" title="IBM Q System Two">Q System Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Eagle" title="IBM Eagle">Eagle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rational_Software&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rational Software (página não existe)">Rational Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Selectric" title="IBM Selectric">Selectric</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ILOG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ILOG (página não existe)">ILOG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tivoli_Software&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tivoli Software (página não existe)">Tivoli</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tivoli_Service_Automation_Manager&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tivoli Service Automation Manager (página não existe)">Service Automation Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Redbooks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Redbooks (página não existe)">Redbooks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outros</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AlphaWorks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AlphaWorks (página não existe)">alphaWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Connections" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Connections">Connections</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Criminal_Reduction_Utilising_Statistical_History&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Criminal Reduction Utilising Statistical History (página não existe)">Criminal Reduction Utilising Statistical History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Mashup_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Mashup Center (página não existe)">Mashup Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_POWER" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM POWER">PowerPC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_PureQuery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM PureQuery (página não existe)">PureQuery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPSS" title="SPSS">SPSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watson_(supercomputador)" title="Watson (supercomputador)">Watson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entidades<br /> empresariais</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Global_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Global Services (página não existe)">Global Services</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_jStart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM jStart (página não existe)">jStart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat" title="Red Hat">Red Hat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Research (página não existe)">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_subsidi%C3%A1rias_internacionais_da_IBM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista de subsidiárias internacionais da IBM (página não existe)">International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Weather_Company" title="The Weather Company">The Weather Company</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weather_Underground_(servi%C3%A7o_de_meteorologia)" title="Weather Underground (serviço de meteorologia)">Weather Underground</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instalações</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Torres <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1250_Ren%C3%A9-L%C3%A9vesque" title="1250 René-Lévesque">Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Atlantic_Center" title="One Atlantic Center">Atlanta</a></li></ul></li> <li>Software Labs <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Rome_Software_Lab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Rome Software Lab (página não existe)">Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Toronto_Software_Lab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Toronto Software Lab (página não existe)">Toronto</a></li></ul></li> <li>IBM Buildings <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=330_North_Wabash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="330 North Wabash (página não existe)">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Building,_Johannesburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Building, Johannesburg (página não existe)">Johannesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Building_(Seattle)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Building (Seattle) (página não existe)">Seattle</a></li></ul></li> <li>Research Labs <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Austin_Research_Laboratory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Austin Research Laboratory (página não existe)">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_China_Research_Laboratory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM China Research Laboratory (página não existe)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Research_%E2%80%93_Tokyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Research – Tokyo (página não existe)">Tokyo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Zurich_Research_Laboratory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Zurich Research Laboratory (página não existe)">Zurich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Haifa_Research_Laboratory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Haifa Research Laboratory (página não existe)">Haifa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_India_Research_Laboratory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM India Research Laboratory (página não existe)">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Almaden_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Almaden Research Center (página não existe)">Almaden</a></li></ul></li> <li>Instalações <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Hakozaki_Facility&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Hakozaki Facility (página não existe)">Hakozaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Yamato_Facility&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Yamato Facility (página não existe)">Yamato</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_Scientific_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge Scientific Center (página não existe)">IBM Scientific Center</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hursley_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hursley House (página não existe)">Hursley House</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Canada_Head_Office_Building&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Canada Head Office Building (página não existe)">Canada Head Office Building</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Watson_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas J. Watson Research Center (página não existe)">Thomas J. Watson Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Rochester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Rochester (página não existe)">IBM Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Somers_Office_Complex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Somers Office Complex (página não existe)">Somers Office Complex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iniciativas</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Academy_of_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Academy of Technology (página não existe)">Academy of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Centers_for_Advanced_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Centers for Advanced Studies (página não existe)">Centers for Advanced Studies</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_CASCON&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM CASCON (página não existe)">CASCON</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Deep_Thunder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Deep Thunder (página não existe)">Deep Thunder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Fellow" title="IBM Fellow">IBM Fellow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Distinguished_Engineer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Distinguished Engineer (página não existe)">IBM Distinguished Engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Pulse_conference&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Pulse conference (página não existe)">Pulse conference</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM%27s_The_Great_Mind_Challenge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM's The Great Mind Challenge (página não existe)">The Great Mind Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeveloperWorks" title="DeveloperWorks">DeveloperWorks</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Develothon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Develothon (página não existe)">Develothon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linux_Technology_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linux Technology Center (página não existe)">Linux Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Virtual_Universe_Community&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Virtual Universe Community (página não existe)">IBM Virtual Universe Community</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smarter_Planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smarter Planet (página não existe)">Smarter Planet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Invenções</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caixa_eletr%C3%B4nico" title="Caixa eletrônico">Caixa eletrônico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perfuradora_de_cart%C3%B5es&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perfuradora de cartões (página não existe)">Perfuradora de cartões</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disco_r%C3%ADgido" class="mw-redirect" title="Disco rígido">Disco rígido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disquete" title="Disquete">Disquete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_random_access_memory" title="Dynamic random access memory">DRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modelo_relacional" title="Modelo relacional">Modelo relacional</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Selectric_typewriter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Selectric typewriter (página não existe)">Selectric Typewriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swap" title="Swap">Swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3digo_Universal_de_Produtos" title="Código Universal de Produtos">Código Universal de Produtos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cart%C3%A3o_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Cartão magnético">Cartão magnético</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabre_(computer_system)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabre (computer system) (página não existe)">SABRE airline reservation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsc%C3%B3pio_de_corrente_de_tunelamento" title="Microscópio de corrente de tunelamento">Microscópio de corrente de tunelamento</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminologia</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GSGI" title="GSGI">GSGI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commercial_Processing_Workload&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commercial Processing Workload (página não existe)">Commercial Processing Workload</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consumability&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consumability (página não existe)">Consumability</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Technology_dividend&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Technology dividend (página não existe)">Technology dividend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-business" title="E-business">E-business</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">CEOs</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_John_Watson" title="Thomas John Watson">Thomas John Watson</a> (1914–1956)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Watson,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Watson, Jr. (página não existe)">T. J. Watson, Jr.</a> (1956–1971)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Vincent_Learson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Vincent Learson (página não existe)">Thomas Vincent Learson</a> (1971–1973)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_T._Cary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank T. Cary (página não existe)">F. T. Cary</a> (1973–1981)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Roberts_Opel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Roberts Opel (página não existe)">John Roberts Opel</a> (1981–1985)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Fellows_Akers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Fellows Akers (página não existe)">John Fellows Akers</a> (1985–1993)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Vincent_Gerstner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Vincent Gerstner (página não existe)">Louis Vincent Gerstner</a> (1993–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Palmisano" title="Samuel J. Palmisano">Samuel J. Palmisano</a> (2002–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginni_Rometty" title="Ginni Rometty">V. M. Rometty</a> (2012-2020)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvind_Krishna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arvind Krishna (página não existe)">Arvind Krishna</a> (2020- )</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conselho de<br /> administração</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alain_Belda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alain Belda (página não existe)">Alain Belda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_R._Brody&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William R. Brody (página não existe)">William R. Brody</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Chenault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth Chenault (página não existe)">Kenneth Chenault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_L._Eskew" title="Michael L. Eskew">Michael L. Eskew</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Farr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Farr (página não existe)">David Farr</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shirley Ann Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_N._Liveris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew N. Liveris (página não existe)">Andrew N. Liveris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McNerney" title="James McNerney">James McNerney</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_W._Owens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James W. Owens (página não existe)">James W. Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Palmisano" title="Samuel J. Palmisano">Samuel J. Palmisano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_M._Rometty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia M. Rometty (página não existe)">Virginia M. Rometty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joan_E._Spero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joan E. Spero (página não existe)">Joan E. Spero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidney_Taurel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidney Taurel (página não existe)">Sidney Taurel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Zambrano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lorenzo Zambrano (página não existe)">Lorenzo Zambrano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outros</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Thought" title="Deep Thought">Deep Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Common_Public_License&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Common Public License (página não existe)">Common Public License</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Public_License&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Public License (página não existe)">IBM Public License</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Customer_engineer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Customer engineer (página não existe)">Customer engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_infrastructure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dynamic infrastructure (página não existe)">Dynamic infrastructure</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IBM_e_o_Holocausto" title="IBM e o Holocausto">IBM e o Holocausto</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_international_chess_tournament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM international chess tournament (página não existe)">IBM international chess tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucifer_(cipher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucifer (cipher) (página não existe)">Lucifer cipher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathematica:_A_World_of_Numbers..._and_Beyond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond (página não existe)">Mathematica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SHARE_(computing)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SHARE (computing) (página não existe)">SHARE computing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ScicomP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ScicomP (página não existe)">ScicomP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Medalha_Nacional_de_Ciências" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias" title="Predefinição:Medalha Nacional de Ciências"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Medalha_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Medalha Nacional de Ciências (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medalha_Nacional_de_Ciências" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias" title="Medalha Nacional de Ciências">Medalha Nacional de Ciências</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ciência_do_Comportamento_e_Social" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ciência do Comportamento e Social</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r69328899"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1960</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r57040861">.mw-parser-output .sep-list{font-weight:bold}</style><span class="nowrap"><i>1964:</i> <a href="/wiki/Neal_Elgar_Miller" title="Neal Elgar Miller">Neal Elgar Miller</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1980</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1986:</i> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Simon" title="Herbert Simon">Herbert Simon</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1987:</i> <a href="/wiki/Anne_Anastasi" title="Anne Anastasi">Anne Anastasi</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Joseph_Stigler" title="George Joseph Stigler">George Joseph Stigler</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1988:</i> <a href="/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">Milton Friedman</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1990</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1990:</i> <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Hurwicz" title="Leonid Hurwicz">Leonid Hurwicz</a> e <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Suppes" title="Patrick Suppes">Patrick Suppes</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1991:</i> <a href="/wiki/George_A._Miller" title="George A. Miller">George A. Miller</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1992:</i> <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_J._Gibson" title="Eleanor J. Gibson">Eleanor J. Gibson</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1994:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Merton" title="Robert Merton">Robert Merton</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1995:</i> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Shepard" title="Roger Shepard">Roger Shepard</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1996:</i> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Samuelson" title="Paul Samuelson">Paul Samuelson</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1997:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Estes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Estes (página não existe)">William Estes</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1998:</i> <a href="/wiki/William_Julius_Wilson" title="William Julius Wilson">William Julius Wilson</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1999:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Solow" title="Robert Solow">Robert Solow</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2000:</i> <a href="/wiki/Gary_Becker" title="Gary Becker">Gary Becker</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2003:</i> <a href="/wiki/R._Duncan_Luce" title="R. Duncan Luce">R. Duncan Luce</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2004:</i> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth Arrow</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2005:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_Bower&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gordon Bower (página não existe)">Gordon Bower</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2008:</i> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Posner" title="Michael Posner">Michael Posner</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2009</i>: <a href="/wiki/Mortimer_Mishkin" title="Mortimer Mishkin">Mortimer Mishkin</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2010</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2011:</i> <a href="/wiki/Anne_Treisman" title="Anne Treisman">Anne Treisman</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2012:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Axelrod" title="Robert Axelrod">Robert Axelrod</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2014:</i> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Bandura" title="Albert Bandura">Albert Bandura</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ciências_Biológicas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ciências Biológicas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r69328899"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1960</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1963:</i> <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Bernardus_van_Niel" title="Cornelis Bernardus van Niel">Cornelis Bernardus van Niel</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1964:</i> <a href="/wiki/Theodosius_Dobzhansky" title="Theodosius Dobzhansky">Theodosius Dobzhansky</a> e <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Nirenberg">Marshall Nirenberg</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1965:</i> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Rous" title="Francis Rous">Francis Rous</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Gaylord_Simpson" title="George Gaylord Simpson">George Gaylord Simpson</a> e <a href="/wiki/Donald_Van_Slyke" title="Donald Van Slyke">Donald Van Slyke</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1966:</i> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Fred_Knipling" title="Edward Fred Knipling">Edward Fred Knipling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Albert_Lipmann" title="Fritz Albert Lipmann">Fritz Albert Lipmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Cumming_Rose" title="William Cumming Rose">William Cumming Rose</a> e <a href="/wiki/Sewall_Wright" title="Sewall Wright">Sewall Wright</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1967:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Cole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth Cole (página não existe)">Kenneth Cole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Harlow" title="Harry Harlow">Harry Harlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Heidelberger" title="Michael Heidelberger">Michael Heidelberger</a> e <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sturtevant" title="Alfred Sturtevant">Alfred Sturtevant</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1968:</i> <a href="/wiki/Horace_Barker" title="Horace Barker">Horace Barker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Brodie" title="Bernard Brodie">Bernard Brodie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detlev_Bronk" title="Detlev Bronk">Detlev Bronk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jay_Laurence_Lush" title="Jay Laurence Lush">Jay Laurence Lush</a> e <a href="/wiki/B._F._Skinner" title="B. F. Skinner">B. F. Skinner</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1969:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_H%C3%BCbner" title="Robert Hübner">Robert Hübner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Mayr" title="Ernst Mayr">Ernst Mayr</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1970</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1970:</i> <a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a> e <a href="/wiki/Albert_Sabin" title="Albert Sabin">Albert Sabin</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1973:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Arnon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Arnon (página não existe)">Daniel Arnon</a> e <a href="/wiki/Earl_Sutherland" title="Earl Sutherland">Earl Sutherland</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1974:</i> <a href="/wiki/Britton_Chance" title="Britton Chance">Britton Chance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Chargaff" title="Erwin Chargaff">Erwin Chargaff</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Neel" title="James Neel">James Neel</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Hannon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Hannon (página não existe)">James Hannon</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1975:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hallowell_Davis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hallowell Davis (página não existe)">Hallowell Davis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Gyorgy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Gyorgy (página não existe)">Paul Gyorgy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sterling_Hendricks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sterling Hendricks (página não existe)">Sterling Hendricks</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Vogel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orville Vogel (página não existe)">Orville Vogel</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1976:</i> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Guillemin" title="Roger Guillemin">Roger Guillemin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Roberts_Porter" title="Keith Roberts Porter">Keith Roberts Porter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Efraim_Racker" title="Efraim Racker">Efraim Racker</a> e <a href="/wiki/Edward_Osborne_Wilson" title="Edward Osborne Wilson">Edward Osborne Wilson</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1979:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Burris" title="Robert H. Burris">Robert H. Burris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_C._Crosby" title="Elizabeth C. Crosby">Elizabeth C. Crosby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kornberg" title="Arthur Kornberg">Arthur Kornberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Severo_Ochoa" title="Severo Ochoa">Severo Ochoa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Earl_Stadtman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Earl Stadtman (página não existe)">Earl Stadtman</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Ledyard_Stebbins" title="George Ledyard Stebbins">George Ledyard Stebbins</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Weiss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Weiss (página não existe)">Paul Weiss</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1980</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1981:</i> <a href="/wiki/Philip_Handler" title="Philip Handler">Philip Handler</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1982:</i> <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Benzer" title="Seymour Benzer">Seymour Benzer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glenn_Burton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glenn Burton (página não existe)">Glenn Burton</a> e <a href="/wiki/Mildred_Cohn" title="Mildred Cohn">Mildred Cohn</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1983:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Howard_Bachrach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Howard Bachrach (página não existe)">Howard Bachrach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Berg" title="Paul Berg">Paul Berg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Lee_Roelofs" title="Wendell Lee Roelofs">Wendell Lee Roelofs</a> e <a href="/wiki/Berta_Scharrer" title="Berta Scharrer">Berta Scharrer</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1986:</i> <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen" title="Stanley Cohen">Stanley Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Henderson" title="Donald Henderson">Donald Henderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vernon_Mountcastle" title="Vernon Mountcastle">Vernon Mountcastle</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Palade" title="George Palade">George Palade</a> e <a href="/wiki/Joan_A._Steitz" title="Joan A. Steitz">Joan A. Steitz</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1987:</i> <a href="/wiki/Michael_DeBakey" title="Michael DeBakey">Michael DeBakey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Otto_Diener" title="Theodor Otto Diener">Theodor Otto Diener</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Eagle" title="Harry Eagle">Harry Eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Har_Khorana" title="Har Khorana">Har Khorana</a> e <a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Rita Levi-Montalcini</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1988:</i> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Stuart_Brown" title="Michael Stuart Brown">Michael Stuart Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Norman_Cohen" title="Stanley Norman Cohen">Stanley Norman Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goldstein" title="Joseph Goldstein">Joseph Goldstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Hilleman" title="Maurice Hilleman">Maurice Hilleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Eric Kandel</a> e <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Yalow">Rosalyn Yalow</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1989:</i> <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Esau" title="Katherine Esau">Katherine Esau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Hamburger" title="Viktor Hamburger">Viktor Hamburger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Leder" title="Philip Leder">Philip Leder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Sperry" title="Roger Sperry">Roger Sperry</a> e <a href="/wiki/Harland_Goff_Wood" title="Harland Goff Wood">Harland Goff Wood</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1990</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1990:</i> <a href="/wiki/Baruj_Benacerraf" title="Baruj Benacerraf">Baruj Benacerraf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Boyer" title="Herbert Boyer">Herbert Boyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Koshland" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Koshland">Daniel Koshland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lewis" title="Edward Lewis">Edward Lewis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Nathan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Nathan (página não existe)">David Nathan</a> e <a href="/wiki/Edward_Donnall_Thomas" title="Edward Donnall Thomas">Edward Donnall Thomas</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1991:</i> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Ellen_Avery" title="Mary Ellen Avery">Mary Ellen Avery</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Evelyn_Hutchinson" title="George Evelyn Hutchinson">George Evelyn Hutchinson</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elvin_Kabat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elvin Kabat (página não existe)">Elvin Kabat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kates" title="Robert Kates">Robert Kates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Luria" title="Salvador Luria">Salvador Luria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Marks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Marks (página não existe)">Paul Marks</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Folke_Skoog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Folke Skoog (página não existe)">Folke Skoog</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Zamecnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Zamecnik (página não existe)">Paul Zamecnik</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1992:</i> <a href="/wiki/Maxine_Singer" title="Maxine Singer">Maxine Singer</a> e <a href="/wiki/Howard_Martin_Temin" title="Howard Martin Temin">Howard Martin Temin</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1993:</i> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Nathans" title="Daniel Nathans">Daniel Nathans</a> e <a href="/wiki/Salome_G._Waelsch" title="Salome G. Waelsch">Salome G. Waelsch</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1994:</i> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Eisner" title="Thomas Eisner">Thomas Eisner</a> e <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Neufeld" title="Elizabeth Neufeld">Elizabeth Neufeld</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1995:</i> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Rich" title="Alexander Rich">Alexander Rich</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1996:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Patrick" title="Ruth Patrick">Ruth Patrick</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1997:</i> <a href="/wiki/James_Watson" title="James Watson">James Watson</a> e <a href="/wiki/Robert_Allan_Weinberg" title="Robert Allan Weinberg">Robert Allan Weinberg</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1998:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Ames" title="Bruce Ames">Bruce Ames</a> e <a href="/wiki/Janet_Rowley" title="Janet Rowley">Janet Rowley</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1999:</i> <a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">David Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jared_Diamond" title="Jared Diamond">Jared Diamond</a> e <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Margulis" title="Lynn Margulis">Lynn Margulis</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2000:</i> <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Coover_Andreasen" title="Nancy Coover Andreasen">Nancy Coover Andreasen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_H._Raven" title="Peter H. Raven">Peter H. Raven</a> e <a href="/wiki/Carl_Woese" title="Carl Woese">Carl Woese</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2001:</i> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jos%C3%A9_Ayala" title="Francisco José Ayala">Francisco José Ayala</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Bass" class="mw-redirect" title="George Bass">George Bass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Mario Capecchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Graybiel" title="Ann Graybiel">Ann Graybiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gene_Likens" title="Gene Likens">Gene Likens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victor_A._McKusick" title="Victor A. McKusick">Victor A. McKusick</a> e <a href="/wiki/Harold_Varmus" title="Harold Varmus">Harold Varmus</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2002:</i> <a href="/wiki/James_E._Darnell" title="James E. Darnell">James E. Darnell</a> e <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_M._Witkin" title="Evelyn M. Witkin">Evelyn M. Witkin</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2003:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Michael_Bishop" title="John Michael Bishop">John Michael Bishop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Halbert_Snyder" title="Solomon Halbert Snyder">Solomon Halbert Snyder</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Yanofsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Yanofsky (página não existe)">Charles Yanofsky</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2004:</i> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Borlaug" title="Norman Borlaug">Norman Borlaug</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Allen_Sharp" title="Phillip Allen Sharp">Phillip Allen Sharp</a> e <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Starzl" title="Thomas Starzl">Thomas Starzl</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2005:</i> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Fauci" title="Anthony Fauci">Anthony Fauci</a> e <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Torsten Wiesel</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2006:</i> <a href="/wiki/Rita_Colwell" title="Rita Colwell">Rita Colwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nina_Fedoroff" title="Nina Fedoroff">Nina Fedoroff</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lubert_Stryer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lubert Stryer (página não existe)">Lubert Stryer</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2007:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Robert Lefkowitz</a> e <a href="/wiki/Bert_William_O%E2%80%99Malley" title="Bert William O’Malley">Bert William O’Malley</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2008:</i> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Collins" title="Francis Collins">Francis Collins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Fuchs" title="Elaine Fuchs">Elaine Fuchs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Venter" title="Craig Venter">Craig Venter</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2009:</i> <a href="/wiki/Susan_Lindquist" title="Susan Lindquist">Susan Lindquist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Prusiner" title="Stanley Prusiner">Stanley Prusiner</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2010</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2010:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Lawrence_Brinster" title="Ralph Lawrence Brinster">Ralph Lawrence Brinster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Jaenisch" title="Rudolf Jaenisch">Rudolf Jaenisch</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2011:</i> <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Shapiro" title="Lucy Shapiro">Lucy Shapiro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leroy_Hood" title="Leroy Hood">Leroy Hood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sallie_Chisholm" title="Sallie Chisholm">Sallie Chisholm</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2012:</i> <a href="/wiki/May_Berenbaum" title="May Berenbaum">May Berenbaum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Alberts" title="Bruce Alberts">Bruce Alberts</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2013:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rakesh_Jain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rakesh Jain (página não existe)">Rakesh Jain</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2014:</i> <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Falkow" title="Stanley Falkow">Stanley Falkow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary-Claire_King" title="Mary-Claire King">Mary-Claire King</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Levin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Levin (página não existe)">Simon Levin</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Química" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Química</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r69328899"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1960</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1964:</i> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Adams" title="Roger Adams">Roger Adams</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1980</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1982:</i> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Albert_Cotton" title="Frank Albert Cotton">Frank Albert Cotton</a> e <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Stork" title="Gilbert Stork">Gilbert Stork</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1983:</i> <a href="/wiki/Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Roald Hoffmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Claude_Pimentel" title="George Claude Pimentel">George Claude Pimentel</a> e <a href="/wiki/Richard_Zare" title="Richard Zare">Richard Zare</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1986:</i> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Barkus_Gray" title="Harry Barkus Gray">Harry Barkus Gray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Lee" title="Yuan Lee">Yuan Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Shipp_Marvel" title="Carl Shipp Marvel">Carl Shipp Marvel</a> e <a href="/wiki/Frank_Westheimer" title="Frank Westheimer">Frank Westheimer</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1987:</i> <a href="/wiki/William_Summer_Johnson" title="William Summer Johnson">William Summer Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hugo_Stockmayer" title="Walter Hugo Stockmayer">Walter Hugo Stockmayer</a> e <a href="/wiki/Max_Tishler" title="Max Tishler">Max Tishler</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1988:</i> <a href="/wiki/William_Oliver_Baker" title="William Oliver Baker">William Oliver Baker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Bloch" title="Konrad Bloch">Konrad Bloch</a> e <a href="/wiki/Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Elias James Corey</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1989:</i> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Barry_Bernstein" title="Richard Barry Bernstein">Richard Barry Bernstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Melvin Calvin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Arthur_Marcus" title="Rudolph Arthur Marcus">Rudolph Arthur Marcus</a> e <a href="/wiki/Harden_McConnell" title="Harden McConnell">Harden McConnell</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1990</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1990:</i> <a href="/wiki/Elkan_Blout" title="Elkan Blout">Elkan Blout</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_August_Folkers" title="Karl August Folkers">Karl August Folkers</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Dombrowski_Roberts" title="John Dombrowski Roberts">John Dombrowski Roberts</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1991:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Breslow" title="Ronald Breslow">Ronald Breslow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Elion" title="Gertrude Elion">Gertrude Elion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dudley_Robert_Herschbach" title="Dudley Robert Herschbach">Dudley Robert Herschbach</a> e <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Theodore_Seaborg" title="Glenn Theodore Seaborg">Glenn Theodore Seaborg</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1992:</i> <a href="/wiki/Howard_Ensign_Simmons" title="Howard Ensign Simmons">Howard Ensign Simmons</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1993:</i> <a href="/wiki/Donald_James_Cram" title="Donald James Cram">Donald James Cram</a> e <a href="/wiki/Norman_Hackerman" title="Norman Hackerman">Norman Hackerman</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1994:</i> <a href="/wiki/George_Simms_Hammond" title="George Simms Hammond">George Simms Hammond</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1995:</i> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech">Thomas Cech</a> e <a href="/wiki/Isabella_Karle" title="Isabella Karle">Isabella Karle</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1996:</i> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Davidson" title="Norman Davidson">Norman Davidson</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1997:</i> <a href="/wiki/Darleane_Hoffman" title="Darleane Hoffman">Darleane Hoffman</a> e <a href="/wiki/Harold_S._Johnston" title="Harold S. Johnston">Harold S. Johnston</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1998:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Werner_Cahn" title="John Werner Cahn">John Werner Cahn</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Whitesides" title="George Whitesides">George Whitesides</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1999:</i> <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Alan_Rice" title="Stuart Alan Rice">Stuart Alan Rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Ross" title="John Ross">John Ross</a> e <a href="/wiki/Susan_Solomon" title="Susan Solomon">Susan Solomon</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2000:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Baldeschwieler" title="John Baldeschwieler">John Baldeschwieler</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hirschmann" title="Ralph Hirschmann">Ralph Hirschmann</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2001:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Roy_Davidson" title="Ernest Roy Davidson">Ernest Roy Davidson</a> e <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1bor_Somorjai" title="Gábor Somorjai">Gábor Somorjai</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2002:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Brauman" title="John Brauman">John Brauman</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2004:</i> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Lippard" title="Stephen Lippard">Stephen Lippard</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2006:</i> <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Harry_Caruthers" title="Marvin Harry Caruthers">Marvin Harry Caruthers</a> e <a href="/wiki/Peter_Dervan" title="Peter Dervan">Peter Dervan</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2007:</i> <a href="/wiki/Mostafa_El-Sayed" title="Mostafa El-Sayed">Mostafa El-Sayed</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2008:</i> <a href="/wiki/Joanna_Fowler" title="Joanna Fowler">Joanna Fowler</a> e <a href="/wiki/JoAnne_Stubbe" title="JoAnne Stubbe">JoAnne Stubbe</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2009:</i> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_James_Benkovic" title="Stephen James Benkovic">Stephen James Benkovic</a> e <a href="/wiki/Marye_Anne_Fox" title="Marye Anne Fox">Marye Anne Fox</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2010</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2010:</i> <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Barton" title="Jacqueline Barton">Jacqueline Barton</a> e <a href="/wiki/Peter_John_Stang" title="Peter John Stang">Peter John Stang</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2011:</i> <a href="/wiki/Allen_Joseph_Bard" title="Allen Joseph Bard">Allen Joseph Bard</a> e <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hawthorne" title="Frederick Hawthorne">Frederick Hawthorne</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2012:</i> <a href="/wiki/Judith_Klinman" title="Judith Klinman">Judith Klinman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerrold_Meinwald" title="Jerrold Meinwald">Jerrold Meinwald</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2013:</i> <a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Richmond" title="Geraldine Richmond">Geraldine Richmond</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2014:</i> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Alivisatos" title="Paul Alivisatos">Paul Alivisatos</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ciências_da_Engenharia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ciências da Engenharia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r69328899"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1960</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1962:</i> <a href="/wiki/Theodore_von_K%C3%A1rm%C3%A1n" title="Theodore von Kármán">Theodore von Kármán</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1963:</i> <a href="/wiki/Vannevar_Bush" title="Vannevar Bush">Vannevar Bush</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Robinson_Pierce" title="John Robinson Pierce">John Robinson Pierce</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1964:</i> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Stark_Draper" title="Charles Stark Draper">Charles Stark Draper</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1965:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Latimer_Dryden" title="Hugh Latimer Dryden">Hugh Latimer Dryden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Johnson" title="Clarence Johnson">Clarence Johnson</a> e <a href="/wiki/Warren_Lewis" title="Warren Lewis">Warren Lewis</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1966:</i> <a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1967:</i> <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Land" title="Edwin Land">Edwin Land</a> e <a href="/wiki/Igor_Sikorsky" title="Igor Sikorsky">Igor Sikorsky</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1968:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Presper_Eckert" title="John Presper Eckert">John Presper Eckert</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nathan_M._Newmark" title="Nathan M. Newmark">Nathan M. Newmark</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1969:</i> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Jack Kilby</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1970</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1970:</i> <a href="/wiki/George_Mueller" title="George Mueller">George Mueller</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1973:</i> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Eugene_Edgerton" title="Harold Eugene Edgerton">Harold Eugene Edgerton</a> e <a href="/wiki/Richard_Whitcomb" title="Richard Whitcomb">Richard Whitcomb</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1974:</i> <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Kompfner" title="Rudolf Kompfner">Rudolf Kompfner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Brazelton_Peck" title="Ralph Brazelton Peck">Ralph Brazelton Peck</a> e <a href="/wiki/Abel_Wolman" title="Abel Wolman">Abel Wolman</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1975:</i> <a href="/wiki/Manson_Benedict" title="Manson Benedict">Manson Benedict</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Hayward_Pickering" title="William Hayward Pickering">William Hayward Pickering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Terman" title="Frederick Terman">Frederick Terman</a> e <a href="/wiki/Wernher_von_Braun" title="Wernher von Braun">Wernher von Braun</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1976:</i> <a href="/wiki/Morris_Cohen" title="Morris Cohen">Morris Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Carl_Goldmark" title="Peter Carl Goldmark">Peter Carl Goldmark</a> e <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Wilhelm_M%C3%BCller" title="Erwin Wilhelm Müller">Erwin Wilhelm Müller</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1979:</i> <a href="/wiki/Emmett_Leith" title="Emmett Leith">Emmett Leith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Mindlin" title="Raymond Mindlin">Raymond Mindlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Noyce" title="Robert Noyce">Robert Noyce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earl_Randall_Parker" title="Earl Randall Parker">Earl Randall Parker</a> e <a href="/wiki/Simon_Ramo" title="Simon Ramo">Simon Ramo</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1980</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1982:</i> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heinemann" title="Edward Heinemann">Edward Heinemann</a> e <a href="/wiki/Donald_Katz" title="Donald Katz">Donald Katz</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1983:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewlett" title="Bill Hewlett">Bill Hewlett</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Low" title="George Low">George Low</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_George_Trump" title="John George Trump">John George Trump</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1986:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Wolfgang_Liepmann" title="Hans Wolfgang Liepmann">Hans Wolfgang Liepmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tung-Yen_Lin" title="Tung-Yen Lin">Tung-Yen Lin</a> e <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Oliver" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard Oliver">Bernard Oliver</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1987:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Byron_Bird" title="Robert Byron Bird">Robert Byron Bird</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Bolton_Seed" title="Harry Bolton Seed">Harry Bolton Seed</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Weber" title="Ernst Weber">Ernst Weber</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1988:</i> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Drucker" title="Daniel Drucker">Daniel Drucker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Willis_Hawkins" title="Willis Hawkins">Willis Hawkins</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_W._Housner" title="George W. Housner">George W. Housner</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1989:</i> <a href="/wiki/Harry_George_Drickamer" title="Harry George Drickamer">Harry George Drickamer</a> e <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Earl_Grier" title="Herbert Earl Grier">Herbert Earl Grier</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1990</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1990:</i> <a href="/wiki/Mildred_Dresselhaus" title="Mildred Dresselhaus">Mildred Dresselhaus</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nick_Holonyak" title="Nick Holonyak">Nick Holonyak</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1991:</i> <a href="/wiki/George_Heilmeier" title="George Heilmeier">George Heilmeier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luna_Leopold" title="Luna Leopold">Luna Leopold</a> e <a href="/wiki/Guyford_Stever" title="Guyford Stever">Guyford Stever</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1992:</i> <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Quate" title="Calvin Quate">Calvin Quate</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Roy_Whinnery" title="John Roy Whinnery">John Roy Whinnery</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1993:</i> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Yi_Cho" title="Alfred Yi Cho">Alfred Yi Cho</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1994:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ray_Clough" title="Ray Clough">Ray Clough</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1995:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Anton_Haus" title="Hermann Anton Haus">Hermann Anton Haus</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1996:</i> <a href="/wiki/James_Flanagan" title="James Flanagan">James Flanagan</a> e <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Kumar_Patel" title="Chandra Kumar Patel">Chandra Kumar Patel</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1998:</i> <a href="/wiki/Eli_Ruckenstein" title="Eli Ruckenstein">Eli Ruckenstein</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1999:</i> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_N._Stevens" title="Kenneth N. Stevens">Kenneth N. Stevens</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2000:</i> <a href="/wiki/Yuan-Cheng_Fung" title="Yuan-Cheng Fung">Yuan-Cheng Fung</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2001:</i> <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Acrivos" title="Andreas Acrivos">Andreas Acrivos</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2002:</i> <a href="/wiki/Leo_Beranek" title="Leo Beranek">Leo Beranek</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2003:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Prausnitz" title="John Prausnitz">John Prausnitz</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2004:</i> <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Lightfoot" title="Edwin Lightfoot">Edwin Lightfoot</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2005:</i> <a href="/wiki/Jan_Achenbach" title="Jan Achenbach">Jan Achenbach</a> e <a href="/wiki/Tobin_Marks" title="Tobin Marks">Tobin Marks</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2006:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Langer" title="Robert Langer">Robert Langer</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2007:</i> <a href="/wiki/David_Wineland" title="David Wineland">David Wineland</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2008:</i> <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Kalman" title="Rudolf Kalman">Rudolf Kalman</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2009:</i> <a href="/wiki/Amnon_Yariv" title="Amnon Yariv">Amnon Yariv</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2010</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2010:</i> <a href="/wiki/Shu_Chien" title="Shu Chien">Shu Chien</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2011:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Bannister_Goodenough" title="John Bannister Goodenough">John Bannister Goodenough</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2014:</i> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kailath" title="Thomas Kailath">Thomas Kailath</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ciências_Matemáticas,_Estatísticas_e_Computacionais" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ciências Matemáticas, Estatísticas e Computacionais</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r69328899"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1960</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1963:</i> <a href="/wiki/Norbert_Wiener" title="Norbert Wiener">Norbert Wiener</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1964:</i> <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Lefschetz" title="Solomon Lefschetz">Solomon Lefschetz</a> e <a href="/wiki/Marston_Morse" title="Marston Morse">Marston Morse</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1965:</i> <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Zariski" title="Oscar Zariski">Oscar Zariski</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1966:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Milnor" title="John Milnor">John Milnor</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1967:</i> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Cohen_(matem%C3%A1tico)" title="Paul Cohen (matemático)">Paul Cohen</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1968:</i> <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Neyman" title="Jerzy Neyman">Jerzy Neyman</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1969:</i> <a href="/wiki/William_Feller" title="William Feller">William Feller</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1970</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1970:</i> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Brauer" title="Richard Brauer">Richard Brauer</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1973:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Tukey" title="John Tukey">John Tukey</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1974:</i> <a href="/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödel</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1975:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Backus" title="John Backus">John Backus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shiing-Shen_Chern" title="Shiing-Shen Chern">Shiing-Shen Chern</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Dantzig" title="George Dantzig">George Dantzig</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1976:</i> <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Otto_Friedrichs" title="Kurt Otto Friedrichs">Kurt Otto Friedrichs</a> e <a href="/wiki/Hassler_Whitney" title="Hassler Whitney">Hassler Whitney</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1979:</i> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Leo_Doob" title="Joseph Leo Doob">Joseph Leo Doob</a> e <a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Donald Knuth</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1980</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1982:</i> <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Harvey_Stone" title="Marshall Harvey Stone">Marshall Harvey Stone</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1983:</i> <a href="/wiki/Herman_Goldstine" title="Herman Goldstine">Herman Goldstine</a> e <a href="/wiki/Isadore_Singer" title="Isadore Singer">Isadore Singer</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1986:</i> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Lax" title="Peter Lax">Peter Lax</a> e <a href="/wiki/Antoni_Zygmund" title="Antoni Zygmund">Antoni Zygmund</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1987:</i> <a href="/wiki/Raoul_Bott" title="Raoul Bott">Raoul Bott</a> e <a href="/wiki/Michael_Freedman" title="Michael Freedman">Michael Freedman</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1988:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Gomory" title="Ralph Gomory">Ralph Gomory</a> e <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Keller" title="Joseph Keller">Joseph Keller</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1989:</i> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Karlin" title="Samuel Karlin">Samuel Karlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saunders_Mac_Lane" title="Saunders Mac Lane">Saunders Mac Lane</a> e <a href="/wiki/Donald_Spencer" title="Donald Spencer">Donald Spencer</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1990</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1990:</i> <a href="/wiki/George_Carrier" title="George Carrier">George Carrier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Kleene" title="Stephen Kleene">Stephen Kleene</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_McCarthy" title="John McCarthy">John McCarthy</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1991:</i> <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Alberto Calderón">Alberto Calderón</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1992:</i> <a href="/wiki/Allen_Newell" title="Allen Newell">Allen Newell</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1993:</i> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Kruskal" title="Martin Kruskal">Martin Kruskal</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1994:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Cocke" title="John Cocke">John Cocke</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1995:</i> <a href="/wiki/Louis_Nirenberg" title="Louis Nirenberg">Louis Nirenberg</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1996:</i> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Karp" title="Richard Karp">Richard Karp</a> e <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Smale" title="Stephen Smale">Stephen Smale</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1997:</i> <a href="/wiki/Shing-Tung_Yau" title="Shing-Tung Yau">Shing-Tung Yau</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1998:</i> <a href="/wiki/Cathleen_Synge_Morawetz" title="Cathleen Synge Morawetz">Cathleen Synge Morawetz</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1999:</i> <a href="/wiki/Felix_Browder" title="Felix Browder">Felix Browder</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Coifman" title="Ronald Coifman">Ronald Coifman</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2000:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Griggs_Thompson" title="John Griggs Thompson">John Griggs Thompson</a> e <a href="/wiki/Karen_Uhlenbeck" title="Karen Uhlenbeck">Karen Uhlenbeck</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2001:</i> <a href="/wiki/Calyampudi_Radhakrishna_Rao" title="Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao">Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao</a> e <a href="/wiki/Elias_Stein" title="Elias Stein">Elias Stein</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2002:</i> <a href="/wiki/James_Glimm" title="James Glimm">James Glimm</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2003:</i> <a href="/wiki/Carl_de_Boor" title="Carl de Boor">Carl de Boor</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2004:</i> <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Sullivan" title="Dennis Sullivan">Dennis Sullivan</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2005:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bradley_Efron" title="Bradley Efron">Bradley Efron</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2006:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hyman_Bass" title="Hyman Bass">Hyman Bass</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2007:</i> <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Kleinrock" title="Leonard Kleinrock">Leonard Kleinrock</a> e <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Viterbi" title="Andrew Viterbi">Andrew Viterbi</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2009:</i> <a href="/wiki/David_Mumford" title="David Mumford">David Mumford</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2010</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2010:</i> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Alfred_Tapia" title="Richard Alfred Tapia">Richard Alfred Tapia</a> e <a href="/wiki/S._R._Srinivasa_Varadhan" title="S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan">S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2011:</i> <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Wolf_Golomb" title="Solomon Wolf Golomb">Solomon Wolf Golomb</a> e <a href="/wiki/Barry_Mazur" title="Barry Mazur">Barry Mazur</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2014:</i> <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Chorin" title="Alexandre Chorin">Alexandre Chorin</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Blackwell" title="David Blackwell">David Blackwell</a> (póstuma)</span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2015:</i> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Artin" title="Michael Artin">Michael Artin</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ciências_Físicas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ciências Físicas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r69328899"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1960</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1963:</i> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Walter_Alvarez" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Luis Walter Alvarez</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1964:</i> <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger">Julian Schwinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Clayton_Urey" title="Harold Clayton Urey">Harold Clayton Urey</a> e <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Burns Woodward</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1965:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Peter Debye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Max_Lederman" title="Leon Max Lederman">Leon Max Lederman</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Walden_Rubey" title="William Walden Rubey">William Walden Rubey</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1966:</i> <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Bjerknes" title="Jacob Bjerknes">Jacob Bjerknes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Eyring" title="Henry Eyring">Henry Eyring</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Hasbrouck_Van_Vleck" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck">John Hasbrouck Van Vleck</a> e <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zworykin" title="Vladimir Zworykin">Vladimir Zworykin</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1967:</i> <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Beams" title="Jesse Beams">Jesse Beams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Birch" title="Francis Birch">Francis Birch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Breit" title="Gregory Breit">Gregory Breit</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Plack_Hammett" title="Louis Plack Hammett">Louis Plack Hammett</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Kistiakowsky" title="George Kistiakowsky">George Kistiakowsky</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1968:</i> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Doughty_Bartlett" title="Paul Doughty Bartlett">Paul Doughty Bartlett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Friedman" title="Herbert Friedman">Herbert Friedman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Lars Onsager</a> e <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Paul_Wigner" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugene Paul Wigner">Eugene Paul Wigner</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1969:</i> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Charles_Brown" title="Herbert Charles Brown">Herbert Charles Brown</a> e <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Panofsky" title="Wolfgang Panofsky">Wolfgang Panofsky</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1970</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1970:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Henry_Dicke" title="Robert Henry Dicke">Robert Henry Dicke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allan_Rex_Sandage" title="Allan Rex Sandage">Allan Rex Sandage</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Clarke_Slater" title="John Clarke Slater">John Clarke Slater</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Archibald_Wheeler" title="John Archibald Wheeler">John Archibald Wheeler</a> e <a href="/wiki/Saul_Winstein" title="Saul Winstein">Saul Winstein</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1973:</i> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Djerassi" title="Carl Djerassi">Carl Djerassi</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Maurice_Ewing" title="William Maurice Ewing">William Maurice Ewing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arie_Jan_Haagen-Smit" title="Arie Jan Haagen-Smit">Arie Jan Haagen-Smit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Haensel" title="Vladimir Haensel">Vladimir Haensel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Seitz" title="Frederick Seitz">Frederick Seitz</a> e <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rathbun_Wilson" title="Robert Rathbun Wilson">Robert Rathbun Wilson</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1974:</i> <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Nicolaas Bloembergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_John_Flory" title="Paul John Flory">Paul John Flory</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Alfred_Fowler" title="William Alfred Fowler">William Alfred Fowler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a> e <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Sanborn_Pitzer" title="Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer">Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1975:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Hans Bethe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hirschfelder" title="Joseph Hirschfelder">Joseph Hirschfelder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Hastings_Sarett" title="Lewis Hastings Sarett">Lewis Hastings Sarett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bright_Wilson" title="Edgar Bright Wilson">Edgar Bright Wilson</a> e <a href="/wiki/Chien-Shiung_Wu" title="Chien-Shiung Wu">Chien-Shiung Wu</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1976:</i> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Abraham_Goudsmit" title="Samuel Abraham Goudsmit">Samuel Abraham Goudsmit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_S._Gutowsky" title="Herbert S. Gutowsky">Herbert S. Gutowsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Rossini" title="Frederick Rossini">Frederick Rossini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verner_Suomi" title="Verner Suomi">Verner Suomi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Taube" title="Henry Taube">Henry Taube</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Eugene_Uhlenbeck" title="George Eugene Uhlenbeck">George Eugene Uhlenbeck</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1979:</i> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Richard Feynman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Mark" title="Hermann Mark">Hermann Mark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Edward Mills Purcell</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Sinfelt" title="John Sinfelt">John Sinfelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Spitzer" title="Lyman Spitzer">Lyman Spitzer</a> e <a href="/wiki/Victor_Weisskopf" title="Victor Weisskopf">Victor Weisskopf</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1980</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1982:</i> <a href="/wiki/Philip_Warren_Anderson" title="Philip Warren Anderson">Philip Warren Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Yoichiro Nambu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teller" title="Edward Teller">Edward Teller</a> e <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Charles Hard Townes</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1983:</i> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Burbidge" title="Margaret Burbidge">Margaret Burbidge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Goldhaber" title="Maurice Goldhaber">Maurice Goldhaber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Landsberg" title="Helmut Landsberg">Helmut Landsberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Munk" title="Walter Munk">Walter Munk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Frederick Reines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Rossi" title="Bruno Rossi">Bruno Rossi</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">John Robert Schrieffer</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1986:</i> <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Buchsbaum" title="Solomon Buchsbaum">Solomon Buchsbaum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horace_Crane" title="Horace Crane">Horace Crane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herman_Feshbach" title="Herman Feshbach">Herman Feshbach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Robert Hofstadter</a> e <a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Chen Ning Yang</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1987:</i> <a href="/wiki/Philip_Abelson" title="Philip Abelson">Philip Abelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Elsasser" title="Walter Elsasser">Walter Elsasser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Christian_Lauterbur" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Christian Lauterbur">Paul Christian Lauterbur</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Pake" title="George Pake">George Pake</a> e <a href="/wiki/James_Van_Allen" title="James Van Allen">James Van Allen</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1988:</i> <a href="/wiki/David_Allan_Bromley" title="David Allan Bromley">David Allan Bromley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chu_Ching-wu" title="Chu Ching-wu">Chu Ching-wu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Kohn" title="Walter Kohn">Walter Kohn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_Ramsey" title="Norman Foster Ramsey">Norman Foster Ramsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Jack Steinberger</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1989:</i> <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Orville_Beckman" class="mw-redirect" title="Arnold Orville Beckman">Arnold Orville Beckman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Parker" title="Eugene Parker">Eugene Parker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Sharp" title="Robert Sharp">Robert Sharp</a> e <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stommel" title="Henry Stommel">Henry Stommel</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 1990</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>1990:</i> <a href="/wiki/Allan_Cormack" title="Allan Cormack">Allan Cormack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Mattison_McMillan" title="Edwin Mattison McMillan">Edwin Mattison McMillan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Pound" title="Robert Pound">Robert Pound</a> e <a href="/wiki/Roger_Revelle" title="Roger Revelle">Roger Revelle</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1991:</i> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow">Arthur Schawlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Stone" title="Ed Stone">Ed Stone</a> e <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Steven Weinberg</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1992:</i> <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Shoemaker" title="Eugene Shoemaker">Eugene Shoemaker</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1993:</i> <a href="/wiki/Val_Logsdon_Fitch" title="Val Logsdon Fitch">Val Logsdon Fitch</a> e <a href="/wiki/Vera_Rubin" title="Vera Rubin">Vera Rubin</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1994:</i> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Overhauser" title="Albert Overhauser">Albert Overhauser</a> e <a href="/wiki/Frank_Press" title="Frank Press">Frank Press</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1995:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Hans Georg Dehmelt</a> e <a href="/wiki/Peter_Goldreich" title="Peter Goldreich">Peter Goldreich</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1996:</i> <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Smith_Broecker" title="Wallace Smith Broecker">Wallace Smith Broecker</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1997:</i> <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Rosenbluth" title="Marshall Rosenbluth">Marshall Rosenbluth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Schwarzschild" title="Martin Schwarzschild">Martin Schwarzschild</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Wetherill" title="George Wetherill">George Wetherill</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1998:</i> <a href="/wiki/Don_Lorraine_Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="Don Lorraine Anderson">Don Lorraine Anderson</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Norris_Bahcall" title="John Norris Bahcall">John Norris Bahcall</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>1999:</i> <a href="/wiki/James_Watson_Cronin" title="James Watson Cronin">James Watson Cronin</a> e <a href="/wiki/Leo_Kadanoff" title="Leo Kadanoff">Leo Kadanoff</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2000:</i> <a href="/wiki/Willis_Eugene_Lamb" title="Willis Eugene Lamb">Willis Eugene Lamb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Paul_Ostriker" title="Jeremiah Paul Ostriker">Jeremiah Paul Ostriker</a> e <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Fowler_White" title="Gilbert Fowler White">Gilbert Fowler White</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2001:</i> <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Cohen" title="Marvin Cohen">Marvin Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis_Jr." title="Raymond Davis Jr.">Raymond Davis Jr.</a> e <a href="/wiki/Charles_Keeling" title="Charles Keeling">Charles Keeling</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2002:</i> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Garwin" title="Richard Garwin">Richard Garwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Jason_Morgan" title="William Jason Morgan">William Jason Morgan</a> e <a href="/wiki/Edward_Witten" title="Edward Witten">Edward Witten</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2003:</i> <a href="/wiki/Brent_Dalrymple" title="Brent Dalrymple">Brent Dalrymple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Riccardo Giacconi</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2004:</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_N._Clayton" title="Robert N. Clayton">Robert N. Clayton</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2005:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Alpher" title="Ralph Alpher">Ralph Alpher</a> e <a href="/wiki/Lonnie_Thompson" title="Lonnie Thompson">Lonnie Thompson</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2006:</i> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kleppner" title="Daniel Kleppner">Daniel Kleppner</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2007:</i> <a href="/wiki/Fay_Ajzenberg-Selove" title="Fay Ajzenberg-Selove">Fay Ajzenberg-Selove</a> e <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pence_Slichter" title="Charles Pence Slichter">Charles Pence Slichter</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2008:</i> <a href="/wiki/Berni_Alder" title="Berni Alder">Berni Alder</a> e <a href="/wiki/James_Gunn" class="mw-redirect" title="James Gunn">James Gunn</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2009:</i> <a href="/wiki/Yakir_Aharonov" title="Yakir Aharonov">Yakir Aharonov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esther_Marley_Conwell" title="Esther Marley Conwell">Esther Marley Conwell</a> e <a href="/wiki/Warren_Washington" title="Warren Washington">Warren Washington</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Década de 2010</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040861"><span class="nowrap"><i>2011:</i> <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Drell" title="Sidney Drell">Sidney Drell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Faber" title="Sandra Faber">Sandra Faber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_James_Gates" title="Sylvester James Gates">Sylvester James Gates</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2012:</i> <a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Burton Richter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sean_Solomon" title="Sean Solomon">Sean Solomon</a></span> <span class="sep-list">·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i>2014:</i> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shirley Ann Jackson</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table class="noprint" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:none; background:transparent; color: inherit"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ícone de esboço" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg/30px-Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg/45px-Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg/60px-Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3250" data-file-height="4333" /></a></span></td> <td><i>Este artigo sobre um(a) <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">físico(a)</a> é um <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Esbo%C3%A7o" title="Wikipédia:Esboço">esboço</a>. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia <b><span class="plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&action=edit">expandindo-o</a></span></b>.</i></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Controle_de_autoridade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Controle_de_autoridade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Controle_de_autoridade" title="Ajuda:Controle de autoridade">Controle de autoridade</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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href="https://www.nndb.com/people/668/000061485/">000061485</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/WikiTree" title="WikiTree">WikiTree</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Jackson-49908">Jackson-49908</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul class="noprint navigation-box" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-right: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; border-left: solid silver 1px; padding:3px; background-color: #F9F9F9; text-align: center; margin-top:10px; margin-left: 0; clear: both;"><li style="display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap; margin: auto 1.5em"><span style="margin-right: 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.png" title="Portal de biografias"><img alt="" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Nuvola_apps_katomic.png/50px-Nuvola_apps_katomic.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span> <span style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Portal:F%C3%ADsica" title="Portal:Física">Portal da física</a></span></span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&oldid=68692857">https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Ann_Jackson&oldid=68692857</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nascidos_em_1946" title="Categoria:Nascidos em 1946">Nascidos em 1946</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Medalha_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%AAncias" title="Categoria:Medalha Nacional de Ciências">Medalha Nacional de Ciências</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pr%C3%AAmio_Vannevar_Bush" title="Categoria:Prêmio Vannevar Bush">Prêmio Vannevar Bush</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Membros_da_Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Americana_para_o_Avan%C3%A7o_da_Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Categoria:Membros da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência">Membros da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Membros_da_Royal_Academy_of_Engineering" title="Categoria:Membros da Royal Academy of Engineering">Membros da Royal Academy of Engineering</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Membros_da_Academia_Nacional_de_Engenharia_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Categoria:Membros da Academia Nacional de Engenharia dos Estados Unidos">Membros da Academia Nacional de Engenharia dos Estados Unidos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Professores_do_Instituto_Polit%C3%A9cnico_Rensselaer" title="Categoria:Professores do Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer">Professores do Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pessoas_associadas_%C3%A0_Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Europeia_para_a_Pesquisa_Nuclear" title="Categoria:Pessoas associadas à Organização Europeia para a Pesquisa Nuclear">Pessoas associadas à Organização Europeia para a Pesquisa Nuclear</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pessoas_associadas_com_o_Fermilab" title="Categoria:Pessoas associadas com o Fermilab">Pessoas associadas com o Fermilab</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:F%C3%ADsicas_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Categoria:Físicas dos Estados Unidos">Físicas dos Estados Unidos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:F%C3%ADsicos_de_part%C3%ADculas" title="Categoria:Físicos de partículas">Físicos de partículas</a></li><li><a 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