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non-cooperative game theory</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: non-cooperative game theory"> <meta name="keywords" content="non-cooperative game theory"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="non-cooperative game theory"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5205</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: non-cooperative game theory</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5205</span> Gas Network Noncooperative Game</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teresa%20Azevedo%20Perdico%C3%BALis">Teresa Azevedo PerdicoúLis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paulo%20Lopes%20Dos%20Santos"> Paulo Lopes Dos Santos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The conceptualisation of the problem of network optimisation as a noncooperative game sets up a holistic interactive approach that brings together different network features (e.g., com-pressor stations, sources, and pipelines, in the gas context) where the optimisation objectives are different, and a single optimisation procedure becomes possible without having to feed results from diverse software packages into each other. A mathematical model of this type, where independent entities take action, offers the ideal modularity and subsequent problem decomposition in view to design a decentralised algorithm to optimise the operation and management of the network. In a game framework, compressor stations and sources are under-stood as players which communicate through network connectivity constraints–the pipeline model. That is, in a scheme similar to tatonnementˆ, the players appoint their best settings and then interact to check for network feasibility. The devolved degree of network unfeasibility informs the players about the ’quality’ of their settings, and this two-phase iterative scheme is repeated until a global optimum is obtained. Due to network transients, its optimisation needs to be assessed at different points of the control interval. For this reason, the proposed approach to optimisation has two stages: (i) the first stage computes along the period of optimisation in order to fulfil the requirement just mentioned; (ii) the second stage is initialised with the solution found by the problem computed at the first stage, and computes in the end of the period of optimisation to rectify the solution found at the first stage. The liability of the proposed scheme is proven correct on an abstract prototype and three example networks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connectivity%20matrix" title="connectivity matrix">connectivity matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20network%20optimisation" title=" gas network optimisation"> gas network optimisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large-scale" title=" large-scale"> large-scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noncooperative%20game" title=" noncooperative game"> noncooperative game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20decomposition" title=" system decomposition"> system decomposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127821/gas-network-noncooperative-game" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5204</span> A Study on Game Theory Approaches for Wireless Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shoukath%20Ali">M. Shoukath Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajendra%20Prasad%20Singh"> Rajendra Prasad Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Game Theory approaches and their application in improving the performance of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are discussed in this paper. The mathematical modeling and analysis of WSNs may have low success rate due to the complexity of topology, modeling, link quality, etc. However, Game Theory is a field, which can efficiently use to analyze the WSNs. Game Theory is related to applied mathematics that describes and analyzes interactive decision situations. Game theory has the ability to model independent, individual decision makers whose actions affect the surrounding decision makers. The outcome of complex interactions among rational entities can be predicted by a set of analytical tools. However, the rationality demands a stringent observance to a strategy based on measured of perceived results. Researchers are adopting game theory approaches to model and analyze leading wireless communication networking issues, which includes QoS, power control, resource sharing, etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20network" title="wireless sensor network">wireless sensor network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative%20game%20theory" title=" cooperative game theory"> cooperative game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-cooperative%20game%20theory" title=" non-cooperative game theory"> non-cooperative game theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67173/a-study-on-game-theory-approaches-for-wireless-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5203</span> A Game Theory Analysis of The Enuma Elish</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Kampmann%20Walther">Bo Kampmann Walther</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This essay provides an in-depth interpretation of the ancient Babylonian origin narrative, The Enuma Elish, through the lens of game theory. It examines the strategic interactions among the deities in the myth as if they were players in a game, focusing on understanding the dynamics of conflict, cooperation, and equilibrium within the narrative. The pivotal game theory concept known as Nash Equilibrium is given prominent consideration, but saddle points and optimal strategies will also be employed to uncover the decision-making processes of the divine figures, particularly in the cosmic battle for supremacy. This analysis demonstrates that the ancient narrative, beyond its mythological content, illustrates timeless principles of strategic behavior in the pursuit of game success. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enuma%20Elish" title="Enuma Elish">Enuma Elish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nash%20Equilibrium" title=" Nash Equilibrium"> Nash Equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babylonian%20mythology" title=" Babylonian mythology"> Babylonian mythology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20interaction" title=" strategic interaction"> strategic interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191404/a-game-theory-analysis-of-the-enuma-elish" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5202</span> Solution of Insurance Pricing Model Giving Optimum Premium Level for Both Insured and Insurer by Game Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betul%20Zehra%20Karagul">Betul Zehra Karagul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A game consists of strategies that each actor has in his/her own choice strategies, and a game regulates the certain rules in the strategies that the actors choose, express how they evaluate their knowledge and the utility of output results. Game theory examines the human behaviors (preferences) of strategic situations in which each actor of a game regards the action that others will make in spite of his own moves. There is a balance between each player playing a game with the final number of players and the player with a certain probability of choosing the players, and this is called Nash equilibrium. The insurance is a two-person game where the insurer and insured are the actors. Both sides have the right to act in favor of utility functions. The insured has to pay a premium to buy the insurance cover. The insured will want to pay a low premium while the insurer is willing to get a high premium. In this study, the state of equilibrium for insurance pricing was examined in terms of the insurer and insured with game theory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title="game theory">game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurance%20pricing" title=" insurance pricing"> insurance pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nash%20equilibrium" title=" Nash equilibrium"> Nash equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utility%20function" title=" utility function"> utility function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83295/solution-of-insurance-pricing-model-giving-optimum-premium-level-for-both-insured-and-insurer-by-game-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5201</span> Analysis of Preferences in Decision Making in a Bilateral Negotiation Context: An Experimental Approach from Game Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20V.%20Gonzalez">Laura V. Gonzalez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20B.%20Duarte"> Juan B. Duarte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20A.%20Palacio"> Luis A. Palacio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Decision making can be conditioned by factors such as the environments, circumstances, behavioral biases, emotions, beliefs and preferences of the participants. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect ‘amount of information’ and ‘number of options’, on the behavior of competitors under a bilateral negotiation context. For the above, it has been designed an experiment as a classroom game where they negotiate goods, under the condition that none of the players knows exactly the real value of the asset. The game is designed under the concept of zero-sum (non-cooperative game) and focuses on the fact that agents must anticipate the strategies of their opponent to improve their chances of winning in the negotiation. The empirical results show that, contrary to the traditional view of expected utility theory, players prefer to obtain low profits and losses, when faced with a higher expectation of losses, using sub-optimal strategies not in accordance with game theory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilateral%20negotiation" title="bilateral negotiation">bilateral negotiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20game" title=" classroom game"> classroom game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87095/analysis-of-preferences-in-decision-making-in-a-bilateral-negotiation-context-an-experimental-approach-from-game-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5200</span> “Thou Shalt Surely Die”: A Game Theory Analysis of the Book of Genesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Kampmann%20Walther">Bo Kampmann Walther</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This essay examines the narratives of the Book of Genesis through the lens of game theory, a mathematical framework for analyzing strategic interactions among rational actors. By treating key figures in Genesis as players in a game, this analysis sheds light on their decisions and the resulting consequences. Focusing primarily on the story of Adam and Eve, the essay utilizes concepts such as game state, saddle point, optimal strategy, and Nash equilibrium to explore the dynamics at play and scrutinize the existence of two kinds of game rules in Genesis: one being global and post-Fall oriented, the other being local and relegated to life in the Garden. The serpent's intervention and the subsequent actions of Adam and Eve are modeled as strategic moves, revealing the complexities and shifts in the game state from harmony in Eden to a world marked by toil and mortality post-Fall. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title="game theory">game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genesis" title=" Genesis"> Genesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saddle%20point" title=" saddle point"> saddle point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nash%20equilibrium" title=" nash equilibrium"> nash equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=New%20Game%20State" title=" New Game State"> New Game State</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186277/thou-shalt-surely-die-a-game-theory-analysis-of-the-book-of-genesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186277.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5199</span> Intrusion Detection In MANET Using Game Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20B.%20Kumbalavati">S. B. Kumbalavati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20D.%20Mallapur"> J. D. Mallapur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Y.%20Bendigeri"> K. Y. Bendigeri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A mobile Ad-hoc network (MANET) is a multihop wireless network where nodes communicate each other without any pre-deployed infrastructure. There is no central administrating unit. Hence, MANET is generally prone to many of the attacks. These attacks may alter, release or deny data. These attacks are nothing but intrusions. Intrusion is a set of actions that attempts to compromise integrity, confidentiality and availability of resources. A major issue in the design and operation of ad-hoc network is sharing the common spectrum or common channel bandwidth among all the nodes. We are performing intrusion detection using game theory approach. Game theory is a mathematical tool for analysing problems of competition and negotiation among the players in any field like marketing, e-commerce and networking. In this paper mathematical model is developed using game theory approach and intruders are detected and removed. Bandwidth utilization is estimated and comparison is made between bandwidth utilization with intrusion detection technique and without intrusion detection technique. Percentage of intruders and efficiency of the network is analysed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ad-hoc%20network" title="ad-hoc network">ad-hoc network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IDS" title=" IDS"> IDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20networks" title=" sensor networks"> sensor networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6246/intrusion-detection-in-manet-using-game-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5198</span> Cooperative Game Theory and Small Hold Farming: Towards A Conceptual Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abel%20Kahuni">Abel Kahuni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cooperative game theory (CGT) postulates that groups of players are crucial units of the decision-making and impose cooperative behaviour. Accordingly, cooperative games are regarded as competition between coalitions of players, rather than between individual players. However, the basic supposition in CGT is that the cooperative is formed by all players. One of the emerging questions in CGT is how to develop cooperatives and fairly allocate the payoff. Cooperative Game Theory (CGT) may provide a framework and insights into the ways small holder farmers in rural resettlements may develop competitive advantage through marketing cooperatives. This conceptual paper proposes a non-competition model for small holder farmers of homogenous agri-commodity under CGT conditions. This paper will also provide brief insights into to the theory of cooperative games in-order to generate an understanding of CGT, cooperative marketing gains and its application in small holder farming arrangements. Accordingly, the objective is to provide a basic introduction to this theory in connection with economic competitive theories in the context of small holder farmers. The key value proposition of CGT is the equitable and fair sharing of cooperative gains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title="game theory">game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative%20game%20theory" title=" cooperative game theory"> cooperative game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperatives" title=" cooperatives"> cooperatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition" title=" competition"> competition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168075/cooperative-game-theory-and-small-hold-farming-towards-a-conceptual-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5197</span> Grounded Theory of Consumer Loyalty: A Perspective through Video Game Addiction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bassam%20Shaikh">Bassam Shaikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20S.%20A.%20Jumain"> R. S. A. Jumain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Game addiction has become an extremely important topic in psychology researchers, particularly in understanding and explaining why individuals become addicted (to video games). In previous studies, effect of online game addiction on social responsibilities, health problems, government action, and the behaviors of individuals to purchase and the causes of making individuals addicted on the video games has been discussed. Extending these concepts in marketing, it could be argued than the phenomenon could enlighten and extending our understanding on consumer loyalty. This study took the Grounded Theory approach, and found that motivation, satisfaction, fulfillments, exploration and achievements to be part of the important elements that builds consumer loyalty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grounded%20theory" title="grounded theory">grounded theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20loyalty" title=" consumer loyalty"> consumer loyalty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20games" title=" video games"> video games</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20game%20addiction" title=" video game addiction"> video game addiction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9724/grounded-theory-of-consumer-loyalty-a-perspective-through-video-game-addiction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">534</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5196</span> Model Canvas and Process for Educational Game Design in Outcome-Based Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ratima%20Damkham">Ratima Damkham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasha%20Dejdumrong"> Natasha Dejdumrong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyakorn%20Pusawiro"> Priyakorn Pusawiro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explored the solution in game design to help game designers in the educational game designing using digital educational game model canvas (DEGMC) and digital educational game form (DEGF) based on Outcome-based Education program. DEGMC and DEGF can help designers develop an overview of the game while designing and planning their own game. The way to clearly assess players’ ability from learning outcomes and support their game learning design is by using the tools. Designers can balance educational content and entertainment in designing a game by using the strategies of the Business Model Canvas and design the gameplay and players’ ability assessment from learning outcomes they need by referring to the Constructive Alignment. Furthermore, they can use their design plan in this research to write their Game Design Document (GDD). The success of the research was evaluated by four experts’ perspectives in the education and computer field. From the experiments, the canvas and form helped the game designers model their game according to the learning outcomes and analysis of their own game elements. This method can be a path to research an educational game design in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructive%20alignment" title="constructive alignment">constructive alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructivist%20theory" title=" constructivist theory"> constructivist theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20game" title=" educational game"> educational game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outcome-based%20education" title=" outcome-based education"> outcome-based education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130973/model-canvas-and-process-for-educational-game-design-in-outcome-based-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5195</span> Green Hospitality Industry: An Experience Study with Game Theory in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Wei">Min Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The green hotel provides the products/services consistent with the full utilization of resources, protecting the ecological environment conducive to customers’ requirements and health. In order to better develop the green hospitality industry, this paper applies the game theory to analyze the intrinsic relationship and balanced interests among the stakeholders including government, hotels, and tourists during green hospitality development. Based on the hypothesis in game theory, this paper tries to construct a linkage mechanism in stakeholders, by which a theoretical basis for the interests’ balance can be realized. By using game theory and constructing a game model including tourists, hotels and government, this paper analyzes the relationship of the various stakeholders involved in the green hospitality development, and subsequently proposes the development model of green hospitality industry. On the one hand, this paper applies game theory to construct a green hotel development model and provides a theoretical basis for the interest balance of stakeholders based on theoretical perspective. On the other hand, the current development of green hospitality industry is still in initial phase, and the outcome of this research tries to guide tourists to form a green awareness and to establish the concept of green consumption for hotel development, so that green hotel products/services are provided. In addition, this paper provides a basis for decision making in the relevant government departments so that the interests of all stakeholders are promoted and cooperative game between stakeholders is established, for which the sustainable development of green hotels is achieved. The findings indicate that the process of achieving green hospitality industry development is to maximize the whole interests of stakeholders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20hospitality" title="green hospitality">green hospitality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholders" title=" stakeholders"> stakeholders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20model" title=" development model"> development model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107299/green-hospitality-industry-an-experience-study-with-game-theory-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5194</span> How Different Perceived Affordances of Game Elements Shape Motivation and Performance in Gamified Learning: A Cognitive Evaluation Theory Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kibbeum%20Na">Kibbeum Na</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Previous gamification research has produced mixed results regarding the effectiveness of gamified learning. One possible explanation for this is that individuals perceive the game elements differently. Cognitive Evaluation Theory posits that external rewards can boost or undermine intrinsic motivation, depending on whether the rewards are perceived as informational or controlling. This research tested the hypothesis that game elements can be perceived as either informational feedback or external reward, and the motivational impact differ accordingly. An experiment was conducted using an educational math puzzle to compare the motivation and performance as a result of different perceived affordances game elements. Participants were primed to perceive the game elements as either informational feedback or external reward, and the duration of an attempt to solve the unsolvable puzzle – amotivation indicator – and the puzzle score – a performance indicator–were measured with the game elements incorporated and then without the game elements. Badges and points were deployed as the main game elements. Results showed that, regardless of priming, a significant decrease in performance occurred when the game elements were removed, whereas the control group who solved non-gamified math puzzles maintained their performance. The undermined performance with gamification removal indicates that learners may perceive some game elements as controlling factors irrespective of the way they are presented. The results of the current study also imply that some game elements are better not being implemented to preserve long-term performance. Further research delving into the extrinsic reward-like nature of game elements and its impact on learning motivation is called for. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20Evaluation%20Theory" title="cognitive Evaluation Theory">cognitive Evaluation Theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20elements" title=" game elements"> game elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamification" title=" gamification"> gamification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivational%20affordance" title=" motivational affordance"> motivational affordance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151516/how-different-perceived-affordances-of-game-elements-shape-motivation-and-performance-in-gamified-learning-a-cognitive-evaluation-theory-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5193</span> Tax Evasion in Brazil: The Case of Specialists</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felippe%20Clemente">Felippe Clemente</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viviani%20S.%20L%C3%ADrio"> Viviani S. Lírio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Brazilian tax evasion is very high. It causes many problems for economics as budget realization, income distribution and no allocation of productive resources. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to use the instrumental game theory to understand tax evasion agents and tax authority in Brazil (Federal Revenue and Federal Police). By means of Game Theory approaches, the main results from considering cases both with and without specialists show that, in a high dropout situation, penalizing taxpayers with either high fines or deprivations of liberty may not be very effective. The analysis also shows that audit and inspection costs play an important role in driving the equilibrium system. This would suggest that a policy of investing in tax inspectors would be a more effective tool in combating non-compliance with tax obligations than penalties or fines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tax%20evasion" title="tax evasion">tax evasion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brazil" title=" Brazil"> Brazil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specialists" title=" specialists"> specialists</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67134/tax-evasion-in-brazil-the-case-of-specialists" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5192</span> A Game Theory Analysis of the Effectiveness of Passenger Profiling for Transportation Security</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yael%20Deutsch">Yael Deutsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arieh%20Gavious"> Arieh Gavious</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The threat of aviation terrorism and its potential damage became significant after the 9/11 terror attacks. These attacks have led authorities and leaders to suggest that security personnel should overcome politically correct scruples about profiling and use it openly. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the smart usage of profiling and its advantages. We analyze game models that are suitable to specific real-world scenarios, focusing on profiling as a tool to detect potential violators, such as terrorists and smugglers. We provide analytical and clear answers to difficult questions, and by that help fighting against harmful violation acts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title="game theory">game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profiling" title=" profiling"> profiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nash%20equilibrium" title=" nash equilibrium"> nash equilibrium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150701/a-game-theory-analysis-of-the-effectiveness-of-passenger-profiling-for-transportation-security" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150701.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5191</span> Investigating Gender Differences in M-Learning Gameplay Adoption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Ping%20Chen">Chih-Ping Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the increasing popularity of and interest in mobile games, there has been little research that evaluates gender differences in users’ actual preferences for mobile game content, and the factors that influence entertainment and mobile-learning habits. To fill this void, this study examines different gender users’ experience of mobile English learning game adoption in order to identify the areas of development in Taiwan, using Uses and Gratification Theory, Expectation Confirmation Theory and experiential value. The integration of these theories forms the basis of an extended research concept. Users’ responses to questions about cognitive perceptions, confirmation, gratifications and continuous use were collected and analyzed with various factors derived from the theories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expectation%20confirmation%20theory" title="expectation confirmation theory">expectation confirmation theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiential%20value" title=" experiential value"> experiential value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference" title=" gender difference"> gender difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20game" title=" mobile game"> mobile game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uses%20and%20gratification" title=" uses and gratification"> uses and gratification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39816/investigating-gender-differences-in-m-learning-gameplay-adoption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5190</span> Moral Dilemmas, Difficulties in the Digital Games</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YuPei%20Chang">YuPei Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, moral judgement tasks have served as an increasingly popular plot mechanism in digital gameplay. As a moral agency, the player's choice judgment in digital games is to shuttle between the real world and the game world. The purpose of the research is to explore the moral difficulties brewed by the interactive mechanism of the game and the moral choice of players. In the theoretical level, this research tries to combine moral disengagement, moral foundations theory, and gameplay as an aesthetic experience. And in the methodical level, this research tries to use methods that combine text analysis, diary method, and in-depth interviews. There are three research problems that will be solved in three stages. In the first stage, this project will explore how moral dilemmas are represented in game mechanics. In the second stage, this project will analyze the appearance and conflicts of moral dilemmas in game mechanics based on the five aspects of moral foundations theory. In the third stage, this project will try to understand the players' choices when they face the choices of moral dilemmas, as well as their explanations and reflections after making the decisions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morality" title="morality">morality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20disengagement" title=" moral disengagement"> moral disengagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20foundations%20theory" title=" moral foundations theory"> moral foundations theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PC%20game" title=" PC game"> PC game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gameplay" title=" gameplay"> gameplay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20dilemmas" title=" moral dilemmas"> moral dilemmas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=player" title=" player"> player</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160060/moral-dilemmas-difficulties-in-the-digital-games" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5189</span> A Self-Coexistence Strategy for Spectrum Allocation Using Selfish and Unselfish Game Models in Cognitive Radio Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noel%20Jeygar%20Robert">Noel Jeygar Robert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20K.Vidya"> V. K.Vidya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cognitive radio is a software-defined radio technology that allows cognitive users to operate on the vacant bands of spectrum allocated to licensed users. Cognitive radio plays a vital role in the efficient utilization of wireless radio spectrum available between cognitive users and licensed users without making any interference to licensed users. The spectrum allocation followed by spectrum sharing is done in a fashion where a cognitive user has to wait until spectrum holes are identified and allocated when the licensed user moves out of his own allocated spectrum. In this paper, we propose a self –coexistence strategy using bargaining and Cournot game model for achieving spectrum allocation in cognitive radio networks. The game-theoretic model analyses the behaviour of cognitive users in both cooperative and non-cooperative scenarios and provides an equilibrium level of spectrum allocation. Game-theoretic models such as bargaining game model and Cournot game model produce a balanced distribution of spectrum resources and energy consumption. Simulation results show that both game theories achieve better performance compared to other popular techniques <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20radio" title="cognitive radio">cognitive radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bargaining%20game" title=" bargaining game"> bargaining game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cournot%20game" title=" Cournot game"> Cournot game</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112222/a-self-coexistence-strategy-for-spectrum-allocation-using-selfish-and-unselfish-game-models-in-cognitive-radio-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5188</span> Structural Analysis on the Composition of Video Game Virtual Spaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qin%20Luofeng">Qin Luofeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shen%20Siqi"> Shen Siqi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For the 58 years since the first video game came into being, the video game industry is getting through an explosive evolution from then on. Video games exert great influence on society and become a reflection of public life to some extent. Video game virtual spaces are where activities are taking place like real spaces. And that’s the reason why some architects pay attention to video games. However, compared to the researches on the appearance of games, we observe a lack of theoretical comprehensive on the construction of video game virtual spaces. The research method of this paper is to collect literature and conduct theoretical research about the virtual space in video games firstly. And then analogizing the opinions on the space phenomena from the theory of literature and films. Finally, this paper proposes a three-layer framework for the construction of video game virtual spaces: “algorithmic space-narrative space players space”, which correspond to the exterior, expressive, affective parts of the game space. Also, we illustrate each sub-space according to numerous instances of published video games. Hoping this writing could promote the interactive development of video games and architecture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20game" title="video game">video game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20space" title=" virtual space"> virtual space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrativity" title=" narrativity"> narrativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20space" title=" social space"> social space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20connection" title=" emotional connection"> emotional connection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118519/structural-analysis-on-the-composition-of-video-game-virtual-spaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5187</span> Decision-Making Process Based on Game Theory in the Process of Urban Transformation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cemil%20Akcay">Cemil Akcay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goksun%20Yerlikaya"> Goksun Yerlikaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Buildings are the living spaces of people with an active role in every aspect of life in today's world. While some structures have survived from the early ages, most of the buildings that completed their lifetime have not transported to the present day. Nowadays, buildings that do not meet the social, economic, and safety requirements of the age return to life with a transformation process. This transformation is called urban transformation. Urban transformation is the renewal of the areas with a risk of disaster and the technological infrastructure required by the structure. The transformation aims to prevent damage to earthquakes and other disasters by rebuilding buildings that have completed their non-earthquake-resistant economic life. It is essential to decide on other issues related to conversion and transformation in places where most of the building stock should transform into the first-degree earthquake belt, such as Istanbul. In urban transformation, property owners, local authority, and contractor must deal at a common point. Considering that hundreds of thousands of property owners are sometimes in the areas of transformation, it is evident how difficult it is to make the deal and decide. For the optimization of these decisions, the use of game theory is foreseeing. The main problem in this study is that the urban transformation is carried out in place, or the building or buildings are transport to a different location. There are many stakeholders in the Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Campus, which is planned to be carried out in the process of urban transformation, was tried to solve the game theory applications. An analysis of the decisions given on a real urban transformation project and the logical suitability of decisions taken without the use of game theory were also supervised using game theory. In each step of this study, many decision-makers are classifying according to a specific logical sequence, and in the game trees that emerged as a result of this classification, Nash balances were tried to observe, and optimum decisions were determined. All decisions taken for this project have been subjected to two significant differentiated comparisons using game theory, and as decisions are taken without the use of game theory, and according to the results, solutions for the decision phase of the urban transformation process introduced. The game theory model developed from beginning to the end of the urban transformation process, particularly as a solution to the difficulty of making rational decisions in large-scale projects with many participants in the decision-making process. The use of a decision-making mechanism can provide an optimum answer to the demands of the stakeholders. In today's world for the construction sector, it is also seeing that the game theory is a non-surprising consequence of the fact that it is the most critical issues of planning and making the right decision in future years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20transformation" title="urban transformation">urban transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20game%20theory" title=" the game theory"> the game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-actor%20project" title=" multi-actor project"> multi-actor project</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109798/decision-making-process-based-on-game-theory-in-the-process-of-urban-transformation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5186</span> A Game-Theory-Based Price-Optimization Algorithm for the Simulation of Markets Using Agent-Based Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Manuel%20Sanchez-Cartas">Juan Manuel Sanchez-Cartas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonzalo%20Leon"> Gonzalo Leon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A price competition algorithm for ABMs based on game theory principles is proposed to deal with the simulation of theoretical market models. The algorithm is applied to the classical Hotelling’s model and to a two-sided market model to show it leads to the optimal behavior predicted by theoretical models. However, when theoretical models fail to predict the equilibrium, the algorithm is capable of reaching a feasible outcome. Results highlight that the algorithm can be implemented in other simulation models to guarantee rational users and endogenous optimal behaviors. Also, it can be applied as a tool of verification given that is theoretically based. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agent-based%20models" title="agent-based models">agent-based models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithmic%20game%20theory" title=" algorithmic game theory"> algorithmic game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-sided%20markets" title=" multi-sided markets"> multi-sided markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20optimization" title=" price optimization"> price optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59770/a-game-theory-based-price-optimization-algorithm-for-the-simulation-of-markets-using-agent-based-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5185</span> The Analysis of Application of Green Bonds in New Energy Vehicles in China: From Evolutionary Game Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Zhang">Jing Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sustainable development in the new energy vehicles field is the requirement of the net zero aim. Green bonds are accepted as a practical financial tool to boost the transformation of relevant enterprises. The paper analyzes the interactions among governments, enterprises of new energy vehicles, and financial institutions by an evolutionary game theory model and offers advice to stakeholders in China. The decision-making subjects of green behavior are affected by experiences, interests, perception ability, and risk preference, so it is difficult for them to be completely rational. Based on the bounded rationality hypothesis, this paper applies prospect theory in the evolutionary game analysis framework and analyses the costs of government regulation of enterprises adopting green bonds. The influence of the perceived value of revenue prospect and the probability and risk transfer coefficient of the government's active regulation on the decision-making agent's strategy is verified by numerical simulation. Finally, according to the research conclusions, policy suggestions are given to promote green bonds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20bonds" title="green bonds">green bonds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20energy%20vehicles" title=" new energy vehicles"> new energy vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20Game%20Theory%20model" title=" evolutionary Game Theory model"> evolutionary Game Theory model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155309/the-analysis-of-application-of-green-bonds-in-new-energy-vehicles-in-china-from-evolutionary-game-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5184</span> Belief-Based Games: An Appropriate Tool for Uncertain Strategic Situation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saied%20Farham-Nia">Saied Farham-Nia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Ghaffari-Hadigheh"> Alireza Ghaffari-Hadigheh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Game theory is a mathematical tool to study the behaviors of a rational and strategic decision-makers, that analyze existing equilibrium in interest conflict situation and provides an appropriate mechanisms for cooperation between two or more player. Game theory is applicable for any strategic and interest conflict situation in politics, management and economics, sociology and etc. Real worlds’ decisions are usually made in the state of indeterminacy and the players often are lack of the information about the other players’ payoffs or even his own, which leads to the games in uncertain environments. When historical data for decision parameters distribution estimation is unavailable, we may have no choice but to use expertise belief degree, which represents the strength with that we believe the event will happen. To deal with belief degrees, we have use uncertainty theory which is introduced and developed by Liu based on normality, duality, subadditivity and product axioms to modeling personal belief degree. As we know, the personal belief degree heavily depends on the personal knowledge concerning the event and when personal knowledge changes, cause changes in the belief degree too. Uncertainty theory not only theoretically is self-consistent but also is the best among other theories for modeling belief degree on practical problem. In this attempt, we primarily reintroduced Expected Utility Function in uncertainty environment according to uncertainty theory axioms to extract payoffs. Then, we employed Nash Equilibrium to investigate the solutions. For more practical issues, Stackelberg leader-follower Game and Bertrand Game, as a benchmark models are discussed. Compared to existing articles in the similar topics, the game models and solution concepts introduced in this article can be a framework for problems in an uncertain competitive situation based on experienced expert’s belief degree. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title="game theory">game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty%20theory" title=" uncertainty theory"> uncertainty theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=belief%20degree" title=" belief degree"> belief degree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertain%20expected%20value" title=" uncertain expected value"> uncertain expected value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nash%20equilibrium" title=" Nash equilibrium"> Nash equilibrium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42359/belief-based-games-an-appropriate-tool-for-uncertain-strategic-situation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5183</span> Non-Cooperative Game Theory Approach for Ensuring Community Satisfaction on Public-Private Partnership Projects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Salim">Jason Salim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhouyang%20Lu"> Zhouyang Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Private sector involvement in Public Private Partnership (PPP) projects may raise public suspicion, as PPP is often mistaken as merely a partnership between private and government agencies without consideration for greater “public” (community). This public marginalization is crucial to be dealt with because undermining opinion of majority may cause problems such as protests and/ or low demand. Game theory approach applied in this paper shows that probability of public acceptance towards a project is affected by overall public’s perception on Private sectors’ possible profit accumulation from the project. On the contrary, goodwill of the government and private coalition alone is not enough to minimize the probability of public opposition towards a PPP project. Additionally, the threat of loss or damage raised from public opposition does not affect the profit-maximization behavior of Private sectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20satisfaction" title="community satisfaction">community satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-cooperative" title=" non-cooperative"> non-cooperative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PPP" title=" PPP"> PPP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy" title=" public policy"> public policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60803/non-cooperative-game-theory-approach-for-ensuring-community-satisfaction-on-public-private-partnership-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">695</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5182</span> Gamification: A Guideline to Design an Effective E-Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rattama%20Rattanawongsa">Rattama Rattanawongsa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As technologies continue to develop and evolve, online learning has become one of the most popular ways of gaining access to learning. Worldwide, many students are engaging in both online and blended courses in growing numbers through e-learning. However, online learning is a form of teaching that has many benefits for learners but still has some limitations. The high attrition rates of students tend to be due to lack of motivation to succeed. Gamification is the use of game design techniques, game thinking and game mechanics in non-game context, such as learning. The gamifying method can motivate students to learn with fun and inspire them to continue learning. This paper aims to describe how the gamification work in the context of learning. The first part of this paper present the concept of gamification. The second part is described the psychological perspectives of gamification, especially motivation and flow theory for gamifying design. The result from this study will be described into the guidelines for effective learning design using a gamification concept. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamification" title="gamification">gamification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title=" e-learning"> e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20theory" title=" flow theory"> flow theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30643/gamification-a-guideline-to-design-an-effective-e-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30643.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5181</span> Ordinary Differentiation Equations (ODE) Reconstruction of High-Dimensional Genetic Networks through Game Theory with Application to Dissecting Tree Salt Tolerance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libo%20Jiang">Libo Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huan%20Li"> Huan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rongling%20Wu"> Rongling Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ordinary differentiation equations (ODE) have proven to be powerful for reconstructing precise and informative gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from dynamic gene expression data. However, joint modeling and analysis of all genes, essential for the systematical characterization of genetic interactions, are challenging due to high dimensionality and a complex pattern of genetic regulation including activation, repression, and antitermination. Here, we address these challenges by unifying variable selection and game theory through ODE. Each gene within a GRN is co-expressed with its partner genes in a way like a game of multiple players, each of which tends to choose an optimal strategy to maximize its “fitness” across the whole network. Based on this unifying theory, we designed and conducted a real experiment to infer salt tolerance-related GRNs for Euphrates poplar, a hero tree that can grow in the saline desert. The pattern and magnitude of interactions between several hub genes within these GRNs were found to determine the capacity of Euphrates poplar to resist to saline stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20regulatory%20network" title="gene regulatory network">gene regulatory network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ordinary%20differential%20equation" title=" ordinary differential equation"> ordinary differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LASSO" title=" LASSO"> LASSO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saline%20resistance" title=" saline resistance"> saline resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65286/ordinary-differentiation-equations-ode-reconstruction-of-high-dimensional-genetic-networks-through-game-theory-with-application-to-dissecting-tree-salt-tolerance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">639</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5180</span> Applying Serious Game Design Frameworks to Existing Games for Integration of Custom Learning Objectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20D.%20Moore">Jonathan D. Moore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20G.%20Reith"> Mark G. Reith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20S.%20Long"> David S. Long</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Serious games (SGs) have been shown to be an effective teaching tool in many contexts. Because of the success of SGs, several design frameworks have been created to expedite the process of making original serious games to teach specific learning objectives (LOs). Even with these frameworks, the time required to create a custom SG from conception to implementation can range from months to years. Furthermore, it is even more difficult to design a game framework that allows an instructor to create customized game variants supporting multiple LOs within the same field. This paper proposes a refactoring methodology to apply the theoretical principles from well-established design frameworks to a pre-existing serious game. The expected result is a generalized game that can be quickly customized to teach LOs not originally targeted by the game. This methodology begins by describing the general components in a game, then uses a combination of two SG design frameworks to extract the teaching elements present in the game. The identified teaching elements are then used as the theoretical basis to determine the range of LOs that can be taught by the game. This paper evaluates the proposed methodology by presenting a case study of refactoring the serious game Battlespace Next (BSN) to teach joint military capabilities. The range of LOs that can be taught by the generalized BSN are identified, and examples of creating custom LOs are given. Survey results from users of the generalized game are also provided. Lastly, the expected impact of this work is discussed and a road map for future work and evaluation is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serious%20games" title="serious games">serious games</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20objectives" title=" learning objectives"> learning objectives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20design" title=" game design"> game design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20theory" title=" learning theory"> learning theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20framework" title=" game framework"> game framework</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156029/applying-serious-game-design-frameworks-to-existing-games-for-integration-of-custom-learning-objectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5179</span> Using Multi-Arm Bandits to Optimize Game Play Metrics and Effective Game Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenny%20Raharjo">Kenny Raharjo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramon%20Lawrence"> Ramon Lawrence</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Game designers have the challenging task of building games that engage players to spend their time and money on the game. There are an infinite number of game variations and design choices, and it is hard to systematically determine game design choices that will have positive experiences for players. In this work, we demonstrate how multi-arm bandits can be used to automatically explore game design variations to achieve improved player metrics. The advantage of multi-arm bandits is that they allow for continuous experimentation and variation, intrinsically converge to the best solution, and require no special infrastructure to use beyond allowing minor game variations to be deployed to users for evaluation. A user study confirms that applying multi-arm bandits was successful in determining the preferred game variation with highest play time metrics and can be a useful technique in a game designer's toolkit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20design" title="game design">game design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-arm%20bandit" title=" multi-arm bandit"> multi-arm bandit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20exploration%20and%20data%20mining" title=" design exploration and data mining"> design exploration and data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=player%20metric%20optimization%20and%20analytics" title=" player metric optimization and analytics"> player metric optimization and analytics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56494/using-multi-arm-bandits-to-optimize-game-play-metrics-and-effective-game-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">509</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5178</span> Addictive Use Due to Personality: Focused on Big Five Personality Traits and Game Addiction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eui%20Jun%20Jeong">Eui Jun Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye%20Rim%20Lee"> Hye Rim Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Hye%20Yoo"> Ji Hye Yoo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent studies have verified the significant relationship of user personality with Internet use. However, in game studies, little research has emphasized on the effects of personality traits on game addiction. This study examined whether big five personality traits affect game addiction with control of psychological, social, and demographic factors. Specifically, using data from a survey of 789 game users in Korea, we conducted a regression analysis to see the associations of psychological (loneliness/depression), social (activities with family/friends), self-efficacy (game/general), gaming (daily gaming time/perception), demographic (age/gender), and personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism conscientiousness, agreeableness, & openness) with the degree of game addiction. Results showed that neuroticism increase game addiction with no effect of extraversion on the addiction. General self-efficacy negatively affected game addiction, whereas game self-efficacy increased the degree of game addiction. Loneliness enhanced game addiction while depression showed a negative effect on the addiction. Results and implications are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20addiction" title="game addiction">game addiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20five%20personality" title=" big five personality"> big five personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20activities" title=" social activities"> social activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-efficacy" title=" self-efficacy"> self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loneliness" title=" loneliness"> loneliness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27735/addictive-use-due-to-personality-focused-on-big-five-personality-traits-and-game-addiction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5177</span> Weakly Solving Kalah Game Using Artificial Intelligence and Game Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiba%20El%20Assibi">Hiba El Assibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to weakly solve Kalah, a two-player board game, by developing a start-to-finish winning strategy using an optimized Minimax algorithm with Alpha-Beta Pruning. In weakly solving Kalah, our focus is on creating an optimal strategy from the game's beginning rather than analyzing every possible position. The project will explore additional enhancements like symmetry checking and code optimizations to speed up the decision-making process. This approach is expected to give insights into efficient strategy formulation in board games and potentially help create games with a fair distribution of outcomes. Furthermore, this research provides a unique perspective on human versus Artificial Intelligence decision-making in strategic games. By comparing the AI-generated optimal moves with human choices, we can explore how seemingly advantageous moves can, in the long run, be harmful, thereby offering a deeper understanding of strategic thinking and foresight in games. Moreover, this paper discusses the evaluation of our strategy against existing methods, providing insights on performance and computational efficiency. We also discuss the scalability of our approach to the game, considering different board sizes (number of pits and stones) and rules (different variations) and studying how that affects performance and complexity. The findings have potential implications for the development of AI applications in strategic game planning, enhancing our understanding of human cognitive processes in game settings, and offer insights into creating balanced and engaging game experiences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimax" title="minimax">minimax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20beta%20pruning" title=" alpha beta pruning"> alpha beta pruning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transposition%20tables" title=" transposition tables"> transposition tables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weakly%20solving" title=" weakly solving"> weakly solving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183486/weakly-solving-kalah-game-using-artificial-intelligence-and-game-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5176</span> Handover for Dense Small Cells Heterogeneous Networks: A Power-Efficient Game Theoretical Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohanad%20Alhabo">Mohanad Alhabo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Zhang"> Li Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Nawaz"> Naveed Nawaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a non-cooperative game method is formulated where all players compete to transmit at higher power. Every base station represents a player in the game. The game is solved by obtaining the Nash equilibrium (NE) where the game converges to optimality. The proposed method, named Power Efficient Handover Game Theoretic (PEHO-GT) approach, aims to control the handover in dense small cell networks. Players optimize their payoff by adjusting the transmission power to improve the performance in terms of throughput, handover, power consumption and load balancing. To select the desired transmission power for a player, the payoff function considers the gain of increasing the transmission power. Then, the cell selection takes place by deploying Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). A game theoretical method is implemented for heterogeneous networks to validate the improvement obtained. Results reveal that the proposed method gives a throughput improvement while reducing the power consumption and minimizing the frequent handover. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handover" title=" handover"> handover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HetNets" title=" HetNets"> HetNets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20cells" title=" small cells"> small cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128578/handover-for-dense-small-cells-heterogeneous-networks-a-power-efficient-game-theoretical-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-cooperative%20game%20theory&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-cooperative%20game%20theory&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-cooperative%20game%20theory&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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