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ecosystem</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: marine ecosystem"> <meta name="keywords" content="marine ecosystem"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="marine ecosystem"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1705</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: marine ecosystem</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1705</span> Prediction of Marine Ecosystem Changes Based on the Integrated Analysis of Multivariate Data Sets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prozorkevitch%20D.">Prozorkevitch D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mishurov%20A."> Mishurov A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sokolov%20K."> Sokolov K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karsakov%20L."> Karsakov L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pestrikova%20L."> Pestrikova L.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current body of knowledge about the marine environment and the dynamics of marine ecosystems includes a huge amount of heterogeneous data collected over decades. It generally includes a wide range of hydrological, biological and fishery data. Marine researchers collect these data and analyze how and why the ecosystem changes from past to present. Based on these historical records and linkages between the processes it is possible to predict future changes. Multivariate analysis of trends and their interconnection in the marine ecosystem may be used as an instrument for predicting further ecosystem evolution. A wide range of information about the components of the marine ecosystem for more than 50 years needs to be used to investigate how these arrays can help to predict the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barents%20sea%20ecosystem" title="barents sea ecosystem">barents sea ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abiotic" title=" abiotic"> abiotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotic" title=" biotic"> biotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20sets" title=" data sets"> data sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trends" title=" trends"> trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148270/prediction-of-marine-ecosystem-changes-based-on-the-integrated-analysis-of-multivariate-data-sets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1704</span> Development of Sustainability Indicators for Marine Ecosystem Management: Initial Research Results in Vietnam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tran%20Dinh%20Lan">Tran Dinh Lan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Do%20Thi%20Thu%20Huong"> Do Thi Thu Huong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Among the 17 goals of the United Nations, 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, SDG 14.2 and SDG 14.4 under SDG 14 directly address the sustainable management, exploitation, and use of marine ecosystems. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to quantify the level of sustainable use of marine ecosystems, which have been paid attention for more than two decades in the direction of a quantitative approach by indicator and index development using methods of building and analyzing indicators and indices. With the employment of the above methods, over the past two decades, a number of marine ecosystems in Vietnam have been quantitatively evaluated for sustainable use for integrated coastal and marine management. Thirty indicators for sustainable use of marine ecosystems in the Northeast of Vietnam, together with indices, have been developed to assess mangrove, coral, and beach ecosystems. An assessment shows the following results. The mangrove ecosystem declined from sustainable to unsustainable uses in the period 1989-2007. The coral ecosystem in 2003 was at a sensitive point between sustainable and unsustainable uses. The beach ecosystem was evaluated with ten selected beaches in the period 2013-2018, showing that nine beaches are at a sustainable level, and one beach is at an unsustainable level. The Thua Thien-Hue coastal lagoon ecosystem assessed by 21 indicators of environmental vulnerability in 2014 showed less sustainability. The marine ecosystems around the offshore islands of Bach Long Vi, Con Co, and Tho Chu were tested to assess the level of sustainable use by the index of total economic value. The results show that these ecosystems are being used sustainably but are also at risk of falling to an unsustainable level (Tho Chu). The use of the environmental vulnerability index or economic value index to evaluate ecosystem sustainability only reflects parts of the function or value of the system but does not fully reflect the sustainability of the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index" title="index">index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indicators" title=" indicators"> indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability%20evaluation" title=" sustainability evaluation"> sustainability evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vietnam%20marine%20ecosystems" title=" Vietnam marine ecosystems"> Vietnam marine ecosystems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152831/development-of-sustainability-indicators-for-marine-ecosystem-management-initial-research-results-in-vietnam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1703</span> Blue Finance: A Systematical Review of the Academic Literature on Investment Streams for Marine Conservation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Broussard">David Broussard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This review article delves into the realm of marine conservation finance, addressing the inadequacies in current financial streams from the private sector and the underutilization of existing financing mechanisms. The study emphasizes the emerging field of “blue finance”, which contributes to economic growth, improved livelihoods, and marine ecosystem health. The financial burden of marine conservation projects typically falls on philanthropists and governments, contrary to the polluter-pays principle. However, the private sector’s increasing commitment to NetZero and growing environmental and social responsibility goals prompts the need for alternative funding sources for marine conservation initiatives like marine protected areas. The article explores the potential of utilizing several financing mechanisms like carbon credits and other forms of payment for ecosystem services in the marine context, providing a solution to the lack of private funding for marine conservation. The methodology employed involves a systematic and quantitative approach, combining traditional review methods and elements of meta-analysis. A comprehensive search of the years 2000 - 2023, using relevant keywords on the Scopus platform, resulted in a review of 252 articles. The temporal evolution of blue finance studies reveals a significant increase in annual articles from 2010 to 2022, with notable peaks in 2011 and 2022. Marine Policy, Ecosystem Services, and Frontiers in Marine Science are prominent journals in this field. While the majority of articles focus on payment for ecosystem services, there is a growing awareness of the need for holistic approaches in conservation finance. Utilizing bibliometric techniques, the article showcases the dominant share of payment for ecosystem services in the literature with a focus on blue carbon. The classification of articles based on various criteria, including financing mechanisms and conservation types, aids in categorizing and understanding the diversity of research objectives and perspectives in this complex field of marine conservation finance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity%20offsets" title="biodiversity offsets">biodiversity offsets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20credits" title=" carbon credits"> carbon credits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20services" title=" ecosystem services"> ecosystem services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20investment" title=" impact investment"> impact investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=payment%20for%20ecosystem%20services" title=" payment for ecosystem services"> payment for ecosystem services</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176472/blue-finance-a-systematical-review-of-the-academic-literature-on-investment-streams-for-marine-conservation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1702</span> The Triple Threat: Microplastic, Nanoplastic, and Macroplastic Pollution and Their Cumulative Impacts on Marine Ecosystem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabugbo%20B.%20Ifeyinwa">Tabugbo B. Ifeyinwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josephat%20O.%20Ogbuagu"> Josephat O. Ogbuagu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okeke%20A.%20Princewill"> Okeke A. Princewill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20C.%20Eze"> Victor C. Eze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing amount of plastic pollution in maritime settings poses a substantial risk to the functioning of ecosystems and the preservation of biodiversity. This comprehensive analysis combines the most recent data on the environmental effects of pollution from macroplastics, microplastics, and nanoplastics within marine ecosystems. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the cumulative impacts that plastic waste accumulates on marine life by outlining the origins, processes, and ecological repercussions connected with each size category of plastic debris. Microplastics and nanoplastics have more sneaky effects that are controlled by chemicals. These effects can get through biological barriers and affect the health of cells and the whole body. Compared to macroplastics, which primarily contribute to physical harm through entanglement and ingestion by marine fauna, microplastics, and nanoplastics are associated with non-physical effects. The review underlines a vital need for research that crosses disciplinary boundaries to untangle the intricate interactions that the various sizes of plastic pollution have with marine animals, evaluate the long-term ecological repercussions, and identify effective measures for mitigating the effects of plastic pollution. Additionally, we urge governmental interventions and worldwide cooperation to solve this pervasive environmental concern. Specifically, we identify significant knowledge gaps in the detection and effect assessment of nanoplastics. To protect marine biodiversity and preserve ecosystem services, this review highlights how urgent it is to address the broad spectrum of plastic pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroplastic%20pollution" title="macroplastic pollution">macroplastic pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20ecosystem" title=" marine ecosystem"> marine ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microplastic%20pollution" title=" microplastic pollution"> microplastic pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoplastic%20pollution" title=" nanoplastic pollution"> nanoplastic pollution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182896/the-triple-threat-microplastic-nanoplastic-and-macroplastic-pollution-and-their-cumulative-impacts-on-marine-ecosystem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1701</span> Assessing Functional Structure in European Marine Ecosystems Using a Vector-Autoregressive Spatio-Temporal Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katyana%20A.%20Vert-Pre">Katyana A. Vert-Pre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20T.%20Thorson"> James T. Thorson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Trancart"> Thomas Trancart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Feunteun"> Eric Feunteun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In marine ecosystems, spatial and temporal species structure is an important component of ecosystems’ response to anthropological and environmental factors. Although spatial distribution patterns and fish temporal series of abundance have been studied in the past, little research has been allocated to the joint dynamic spatio-temporal functional patterns in marine ecosystems and their use in multispecies management and conservation. Each species represents a function to the ecosystem, and the distribution of these species might not be random. A heterogeneous functional distribution will lead to a more resilient ecosystem to external factors. Applying a Vector-Autoregressive Spatio-Temporal (VAST) model for count data, we estimate the spatio-temporal distribution, shift in time, and abundance of 140 species of the Eastern English Chanel, Bay of Biscay and Mediterranean Sea. From the model outputs, we determined spatio-temporal clusters, calculating p-values for hierarchical clustering via multiscale bootstrap resampling. Then, we designed a functional map given the defined cluster. We found that the species distribution within the ecosystem was not random. Indeed, species evolved in space and time in clusters. Moreover, these clusters remained similar over time deriving from the fact that species of a same cluster often shifted in sync, keeping the overall structure of the ecosystem similar overtime. Knowing the co-existing species within these clusters could help with predicting data-poor species distribution and abundance. Further analysis is being performed to assess the ecological functions represented in each cluster. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster%20distribution%20shift" title="cluster distribution shift">cluster distribution shift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20marine%20ecosystems" title=" European marine ecosystems"> European marine ecosystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20distribution" title=" functional distribution"> functional distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatio-temporal%20model" title=" spatio-temporal model"> spatio-temporal model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87029/assessing-functional-structure-in-european-marine-ecosystems-using-a-vector-autoregressive-spatio-temporal-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1700</span> Assessing Climate-Induced Species Range Shifts and Their Impacts on the Protected Seascape on Canada’s East Coast Using Species Distribution Models and Future Projections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20L.%20Irvine">Amy L. Irvine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Reygondeau"> Gabriel Reygondeau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derek%20P.%20Tittensor"> Derek P. Tittensor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Marine protected areas (MPAs) within Canada’s exclusive economic zone help ensure the conservation and sustainability of marine ecosystems and the continued provision of ecosystem services to society (e.g., food, carbon sequestration). With ongoing and accelerating climate change, however, MPAs may become undermined in terms of their effectiveness at fulfilling these outcomes. Many populations of species, especially those at their thermal range limits, may shift to cooler waters or become extirpated due to climate change, resulting in new species compositions and ecological interactions within static MPA boundaries. While Canadian MPA management follows international guidelines for marine conservation, no consistent approach exists for adapting MPA networks to climate change and the resulting altered ecosystem conditions. To fill this gap, projected climate-driven shifts in species distributions on Canada’s east coast were analyzed to identify when native species emigrate and novel species immigrate within the network and how high mitigation and carbon emission scenarios influence these timelines. Indicators of the ecological changes caused by these species' shifts in the biological community were also developed. Overall, our research provides projections of climate change impacts and helps to guide adaptive management responses within the Canadian east coast MPA network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20modeling" title=" ecosystem modeling"> ecosystem modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20protected%20areas" title=" marine protected areas"> marine protected areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165350/assessing-climate-induced-species-range-shifts-and-their-impacts-on-the-protected-seascape-on-canadas-east-coast-using-species-distribution-models-and-future-projections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165350.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1699</span> Combined Effects of Microplastics and Climate Change on Marine Life</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikrant%20Sinha">Vikrant Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himanshu%20Singh"> Himanshu Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitish%20Kumar%20Singh"> Nitish Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sujal%20Nag"> Sujal Nag</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research creates an urgent and complex challenge for marine ecosystems. Microplastics were primarily found on land, but now they are pervasive in marine environments as well, affecting a wide range of marine species, from zooplankton to larger mammals that live in those environments. These pollutants interfere with major biological processes like feeding and reproduction, causing disruption throughout the food web as microplastics are getting accumulated at different tropic levels. Meanwhile, climatic changes made these effects more accelerated, and the concentration of microplastics due to these occurrences is increasing day by day. Rising temperatures, melting ice, increased runoff due to rainfall, and shifting wind patterns are transforming marine life in a way that intensifies the burden on marine life. This dual stress is particularly present in fragile ecosystems of marine life, such as coral reefs and mangroves. Addressing this twisted crisis requires not only efforts to restrain plastic pollution but also adapts strategies for climate mitigation. This research emphasizes the critical need to combine approaches to save marine biodiversity and withstand the rapid changes in the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microplastic%20pollution" title="microplastic pollution">microplastic pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change%20impacts" title=" climate change impacts"> climate change impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20ecosystems" title=" marine ecosystems"> marine ecosystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity%20threats" title=" biodiversity threats"> biodiversity threats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zooplankton%20ingestion" title=" zooplankton ingestion"> zooplankton ingestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trophic%20accumulation" title=" trophic accumulation"> trophic accumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coral%20reef%20degradation" title=" coral reef degradation"> coral reef degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20resilience" title=" ecosystem resilience"> ecosystem resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20pollution%20mitigation" title=" plastic pollution mitigation"> plastic pollution mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20adaptation%20strategies" title=" climate adaptation strategies"> climate adaptation strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SST" title=" SST"> SST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20surface%20temperature" title=" sea surface temperature"> sea surface temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194134/combined-effects-of-microplastics-and-climate-change-on-marine-life" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1698</span> Towards Development of a Framework for Saudi Education Software Ecosystem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazal-e-Amin">Fazal-e-Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20S.%20Alghamdi"> Abdullah S. Alghamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iftikhar%20Ahmad"> Iftikhar Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software ecosystems’ concept is an inspiration from the natural ecosystem. Software ecosystems refer to large systems developed on top of a platform composed of different components developed by different entities of that ecosystem. Ecosystems improve information access, dissemination and coordination considerably. The ability to evolve and accommodate new subsystems gives a boost to the software ecosystems. In this paper, Saudi education software ecosystem is discussed and its need and potential benefits are highlighted. This work will provide a basis for further research in this area and foundation in development of Saudi education ecosystem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20ecosystem" title="software ecosystem">software ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20software" title=" education software"> education software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framework" title=" framework"> framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20engineering" title=" software engineering"> software engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5173/towards-development-of-a-framework-for-saudi-education-software-ecosystem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">531</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1697</span> Experimental Investigation of Seawater Thermophysical Properties: Understanding Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems Through Internal Pressure and Cohesion Energy Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nishaben%20Dholakiya">Nishaben Dholakiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anirban%20Roy"> Anirban Roy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranjan%20Dey"> Ranjan Dey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The unprecedented rise in global temperatures has triggered complex changes in marine ecosystems, necessitating a deeper understanding of seawater's thermophysical properties by experimentally measuring ultrasonic velocity and density at varying temperatures and salinity. This study investigates the critical relationship between temperature variations and molecular-level interactions in Arabian Sea surface waters, specifically focusing on internal pressure (π) and cohesion energy density (CED) as key indicators of ecosystem disruption. Our experimental findings reveal that elevated temperatures significantly reduce internal pressure, weakening the intermolecular forces that maintain seawater's structural integrity. This reduction in π correlates directly with decreased habitat stability for marine organisms, particularly affecting pressure-sensitive species and their physiological processes. Similarly, the observed decline in cohesion energy density at higher temperatures indicates a fundamental shift in water molecule organization, impacting the dissolution and distribution of vital nutrients and gases. These molecular-level changes cascade through the ecosystem, affecting everything from planktonic organisms to complex food webs. By employing advanced machine learning techniques, including Stacked Ensemble Machine Learning (SEML) and AdaBoost (AB), we developed highly accurate predictive models (>99% accuracy) for these thermophysical parameters. The results provide crucial insights into the mechanistic relationship between climate warming and marine ecosystem degradation, offering valuable data for environmental policymaking and conservation strategies. The novelty of this research serves as no such thermodynamic investigation has been conducted before in literature, whereas this research establishes a quantitative framework for understanding how molecular-level changes in seawater properties directly influence marine ecosystem stability, emphasizing the urgent need for climate change mitigation efforts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermophysical%20properties" title="thermophysical properties">thermophysical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabian%20Sea" title=" Arabian Sea"> Arabian Sea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20pressure" title=" internal pressure"> internal pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion%20energy%20density" title=" cohesion energy density"> cohesion energy density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194908/experimental-investigation-of-seawater-thermophysical-properties-understanding-climate-change-impacts-on-marine-ecosystems-through-internal-pressure-and-cohesion-energy-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194908.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1696</span> The Ecological Role of Loligo forbesii in the Moray Firth Ecosystem, Northeast Scotland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Godwin%20A.%20Otogo">Godwin A. Otogo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sansanee%20Wangvoralak"> Sansanee Wangvoralak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20J.%20Pierce"> Graham J. Pierce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lee%20C.%20Hastie"> Lee C. Hastie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beth%20Scott"> Beth Scott</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The squid <em>Loligo forbesii</em> is suspected to be an important species in marine food webs, as it can strongly impact its prey and be impacted upon by predation, competition, fishing and/or climate variability. To quantify these impacts in the food web, the measurement of its trophic position and ecological role within well-studied ecosystems is essential. An Ecopath model was balanced and run for the Moray Firth ecosystem and was used to investigate the significance of this squid’s trophic roles. The network analysis routine included in Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) was used to estimate trophic interaction, system indicators (health condition and developmental stage) and food web features. Results indicated that within the Moray Firth squid occupy a top trophic position in the food web and also a major prey item for many other species. Results from Omnivory Index (OI) showed that squid is a generalized feeder transferring energy across wide trophic levels and is more important as a predator than that as a prey in the Moray Firth ecosystem. The results highlight the importance of taking squid into account in the management of Europe’s living marine resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Squid" title="Squid">Squid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loligo%20forbesii" title=" Loligo forbesii"> Loligo forbesii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecopath" title=" Ecopath"> Ecopath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moray%20Firth" title=" Moray Firth"> Moray Firth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trophic%20level" title=" Trophic level "> Trophic level </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23472/the-ecological-role-of-loligo-forbesii-in-the-moray-firth-ecosystem-northeast-scotland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1695</span> Effect of Planting Techniques on Mangrove Seedling Establishment in Kuwait Bay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Al-Mulla">L. Al-Mulla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20M.%20Thomas"> B. M. Thomas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20R.%20Bhat"> N. R. Bhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20K.%20Suleiman"> M. K. Suleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20George"> P. George</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mangroves are halophytic shrubs habituated in the intertidal zones in the tropics and subtropics, forming a complex and highly dynamic coastal ecosystem. Historical evidence indicating the existence followed by the extinction of mangrove in Kuwait; hence, continuous projects have been established to reintroduce this plant to the marine ecosystem. One of the major challenges in establishing large-scale mangrove plantations in Kuwait is the very high rate of seedling mortality, which should ideally be less than 20%. This study was conducted at three selected locations in the Kuwait bay during 2016-2017, to evaluate the effect of four planting techniques on mangrove seedling establishment. Coir-pillow planting technique, comp-mat planting technique, and anchored container planting technique were compared with the conventional planting method. The study revealed that the planting techniques significantly affected the establishment of mangrove seedlings in the initial stages of growth. Location-specific difference in seedling establishment was also observed during the course of the study. However, irrespective of the planting techniques employed, high seedling mortality was observed in all the planting locations towards the end of the study; which may be attributed to the physicochemical characteristics of the mudflats selected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avicennia%20marina%20%28Forsk.%29%20Vierh" title="Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh">Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20pollution" title=" coastal pollution"> coastal pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20accumulation" title=" heavy metal accumulation"> heavy metal accumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20ecosystem" title=" marine ecosystem"> marine ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sedimentation" title=" sedimentation"> sedimentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tidal%20inundation" title=" tidal inundation"> tidal inundation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98740/effect-of-planting-techniques-on-mangrove-seedling-establishment-in-kuwait-bay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1694</span> Marine Ecosystem Mapping of Taman Laut Labuan: The First Habitat Mapping Effort to Support Marine Parks Management in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Ismail">K. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ali"> A. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20C.%20Hasan"> R. C. Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Khalil"> I. Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Bachok"> Z. Bachok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20M.%20Said"> N. M. Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Muslim"> A. M. Muslim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Che%20Din"> M. S. Che Din</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20S.%20Chong"> W. S. Chong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The marine ecosystem in Malaysia holds invaluable potential in terms of economics, food security, pharmaceuticals components and protection from natural hazards. Although exploration of oil and gas industry and fisheries are active within Malaysian waters, knowledge of the seascape and ecological functioning of benthic habitats is still extremely poor in the marine parks around Malaysia due to the lack of detailed seafloor information. Consequently, it is difficult to manage marine resources effectively, protect ecologically important areas and set legislation to safeguard the marine parks. The limited baseline data hinders scientific linkage to support effective marine spatial management in Malaysia. This became the main driver behind the first seabed mapping effort at the national level. Taman Laut Labuan (TLL) is located to the west coast of Sabah and to the east of South China Sea. The total area of TLL is approximately 158.15 km2, comprises of three islands namely Pulau Kuraman, Rusukan Besar and Rusukan Kecil and is characterised by shallow fringing reef with few submerged shallow reef. The unfamiliar rocky shorelines limit the survey of multibeam echosounder to area with depth more than 10 m. Whereas, singlebeam and side scan sonar systems were used to acquire the data for area with depth less than 10 m. By integrating data from multibeam bathymetry and backscatter with singlebeam bathymetry and side sonar images, we produce a substrate map and coral coverage map for the TLL using i) marine landscape mapping technique and ii) RSOBIA ArcGIS toolbar (developed by T. Le Bas). We take the initiative to explore the ability of aerial drone and satellite image (WorldView-3) to derive the depths and substrate type within the intertidal and subtidal zone where it is not accessible via acoustic mapping. Although the coverage was limited, the outcome showed a promising technique to be incorporated towards establishing a guideline to facilitate a standard practice for efficient marine spatial management in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=habitat%20mapping" title="habitat mapping">habitat mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20spatial%20management" title=" marine spatial management"> marine spatial management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20China%20Sea" title=" South China Sea"> South China Sea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=National%20seabed%20mapping" title=" National seabed mapping"> National seabed mapping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96311/marine-ecosystem-mapping-of-taman-laut-labuan-the-first-habitat-mapping-effort-to-support-marine-parks-management-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1693</span> Causes and Impacts of Marine Heatwaves in the Bay of Bengal Region in the Recent Period</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhanshu%20Kumar">Sudhanshu Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raghvendra%20Chandrakar"> Raghvendra Chandrakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arun%20Chakraborty"> Arun Chakraborty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the ocean, the temperature extremes have the potential to devastate marine habitats, ecosystems together with ensuing socioeconomic consequences. In recent years, these extreme events are more frequent and intense globally and their increasing trend is expected to continue in the upcoming decades. It recently attracted public interest, as well as scientific researchers, which motivates us to analyze the current marine heatwave (MHW) events in the Bay of Bengal region. we have isolated 107 MHW events (above 90th percentile threshold) in this region of the Indian Ocean and investigated the variation in duration, intensity, and frequency of MHW events during our test period (1982-2021). Our study reveals that in the study region the average of three MHW events per year with an increasing linear trend of 1.11 MHW events per decade. In the analysis, we found the longest MHW event which lasted about 99 days, which is far greater than an average MHW event duration. The maximum intensity was 5.29°C (above the climatology-mean), while the mean intensity was 2.03°C. In addition, we observed net heat flux accompanied by anticyclonic eddies to be the primary cause of these events. Moreover, we concluded that these events affect sea surface height and oceanic productivity, highlighting the adverse impact of MHWs on marine ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20heatwaves" title="marine heatwaves">marine heatwaves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title=" global warming"> global warming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20surface%20temperature" title=" sea surface temperature"> sea surface temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20ecosystem" title=" marine ecosystem"> marine ecosystem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148362/causes-and-impacts-of-marine-heatwaves-in-the-bay-of-bengal-region-in-the-recent-period" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1692</span> Isolation and Identification of Microorganisms from Marine-Associated Samples under Laboratory Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameen%20Tariq">Sameen Tariq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saira%20Bano"> Saira Bano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayyada%20Ghufrana%20Nadeem"> Sayyada Ghufrana Nadeem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Ocean, which covers over 70% of the world's surface, is wealthy in biodiversity as well as a rich wellspring of microorganisms with huge potential. The oceanic climate is home to an expansive scope of plants, creatures, and microorganisms. Marine microbial networks, which incorporate microscopic organisms, infections, and different microorganisms, enjoy different benefits in biotechnological processes. Samples were collected from marine environments, including soil and water samples, to cultivate the uncultured marine organisms by using Zobell’s medium, Sabouraud’s dextrose agar, and casein media for this purpose. Following isolation, we conduct microscopy and biochemical tests, including gelatin, starch, glucose, casein, catalase, and carbohydrate hydrolysis for further identification. The results show that more gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The isolation process of marine organisms is essential for understanding their ecological roles, unraveling their biological secrets, and harnessing their potential for various applications. Marine organisms exhibit remarkable adaptations to thrive in the diverse and challenging marine environment, offering vast potential for scientific, medical, and industrial applications. The isolation process plays a crucial role in unlocking the secrets of marine organisms, understanding their biological functions, and harnessing their valuable properties. They offer a rich source of bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical potential, including antibiotics, anticancer agents, and novel therapeutics. This study is an attempt to explore the diversity and dynamics related to marine microflora and their role in biofilm formation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20microorganisms" title="marine microorganisms">marine microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem" title=" ecosystem"> ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungi" title=" fungi"> fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title=" biofilm"> biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gram-positive" title=" gram-positive"> gram-positive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gram-negative" title=" gram-negative"> gram-negative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186163/isolation-and-identification-of-microorganisms-from-marine-associated-samples-under-laboratory-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1691</span> Investigating Trophic Relationships in Moroccan Marine Ecosystems: A Study of the Mediterranean and Atlantic Using Ecopath</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Aboussalam">Salma Aboussalam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Khalil"> Karima Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Elkalay"> Khalid Elkalay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An Ecopath model was employed to investigate the trophic structure, function, and current state of the Moroccan Mediterranean Sea ecosystem. The model incorporated 31 functional groups, including 21 fish species, 7 invertebrates, 2 primary producers, and a detritus group. The trophic interactions among these groups were analyzed, revealing an average trophic transfer efficiency of 23%. The results indicated that the ecosystem produced more energy than it consumed, with high respiration and consumption rates. Indicators of stability and development were low for the Finn cycle index (13.97), system omnivory index (0.18), and average Finn path length (3.09), indicating a disturbed ecosystem with a linear trophic structure. Keystone species were identified through the use of the keystone index and mixed trophic impact analysis, with demersal invertebrates, zooplankton, and cephalopods found to have a significant impact on other groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecopath" title="Ecopath">Ecopath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20web" title=" food web"> food web</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trophic%20flux" title=" trophic flux"> trophic flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moroccan%20Mediterranean%20Sea" title=" Moroccan Mediterranean Sea"> Moroccan Mediterranean Sea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161770/investigating-trophic-relationships-in-moroccan-marine-ecosystems-a-study-of-the-mediterranean-and-atlantic-using-ecopath" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1690</span> Genetic Instabilities in Marine Bivalve Following Benzo(α)pyrene Exposure: Utilization of Combined Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Comet Assay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengjie%20Qu">Mengjie Qu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20Wang"> Yi Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiawei%20Ding"> Jiawei Ding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siyu%20Chen"> Siyu Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanan%20Di"> Yanan Di</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Marine ecosystem is facing intensified multiple stresses caused by environmental contaminants from human activities. Xenobiotics, such as benzo(α)pyrene (BaP) have been discharged into marine environment and cause hazardous impacts on both marine organisms and human beings. As a filter-feeder, marine mussels, Mytilus spp., has been extensively used to monitor the marine environment. However, their genomic alterations induced by such xenobiotics are still kept unknown. In the present study, gills, as the first defense barrier in mussels, were selected to evaluate the genetic instability alterations induced by the exposure to BaP both in vivo and in vitro. Both random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay and comet assay were applied as the rapid tools to assess the environmental stresses due to their low money- and time-consumption. All mussels were identified to be the single species of Mytilus coruscus before used in BaP exposure at the concentration of 56 μg/l for 1 & 3 days (in vivo exposure) or 1 & 3 hours (in vitro). Both RAPD and comet assay results were showed significantly increased genomic instability with time-specific altering pattern. After the recovery period in 'in vivo' exposure, the genomic status was as same as control condition. However, the relative higher genomic instabilities were still observed in gill cells after the recovery from in vitro exposure condition. Different repair mechanisms or signaling pathway might be involved in the isolated gill cells in the comparison with intact tissues. The study provides the robust and rapid techniques to exam the genomic stability in marine organisms in response to marine environmental changes and provide basic information for further mechanism research in stress responses in marine organisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genotoxic%20impacts" title="genotoxic impacts">genotoxic impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vivo%2Fvitro%20exposure" title=" in vivo/vitro exposure"> in vivo/vitro exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20mussels" title=" marine mussels"> marine mussels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAPD%20and%20comet%20assay" title=" RAPD and comet assay"> RAPD and comet assay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84882/genetic-instabilities-in-marine-bivalve-following-benzoapyrene-exposure-utilization-of-combined-random-amplified-polymorphic-dna-and-comet-assay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1689</span> Governance Framework for an Emerging Trust Ecosystem with a Blockchain-Based Supply Chain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismael%20%C3%81vila">Ismael Ávila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Reynaldo%20F.%20Filho"> José Reynaldo F. Filho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasco%20Varanda%20Picchi"> Vasco Varanda Picchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ever-growing consumer awareness of food provenance in Brazil is driving the creation of a trusted ecosystem around the animal protein supply chain. The traceability and accountability requirements of such an ecosystem demand a blockchain layer to strengthen the weak links in that chain. For that, direct involvement of the companies in the blockchain transactions, including as validator nodes of the network, implies formalizing a partnership with the consortium behind the ecosystem. Yet, their compliance standards usually require that a formal governance structure is in place before they agree with any membership terms. In light of such a strategic role of blockchain governance, the paper discusses a framework for tailoring a governance model for a blockchain-based solution aimed at the meat supply chain and evaluates principles and attributes in terms of their relevance to the development of a robust trust ecosystem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust%20ecosystem" title=" trust ecosystem"> trust ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain" title=" supply chain"> supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traceability" title=" traceability"> traceability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153296/governance-framework-for-an-emerging-trust-ecosystem-with-a-blockchain-based-supply-chain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153296.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1688</span> Government (Big) Data Ecosystem: Definition, Classification of Actors, and Their Roles </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Iftikhar%20Hussain%20Shah">Syed Iftikhar Hussain Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasilis%20Peristeras"> Vasilis Peristeras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioannis%20Magnisalis"> Ioannis Magnisalis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organizations, including governments, generate (big) data that are high in volume, velocity, veracity, and come from a variety of sources. Public Administrations are using (big) data, implementing base registries, and enforcing data sharing within the entire government to deliver (big) data related integrated services, provision of insights to users, and for good governance. Government (Big) data ecosystem actors represent distinct entities that provide data, consume data, manipulate data to offer paid services, and extend data services like data storage, hosting services to other actors. In this research work, we perform a systematic literature review. The key objectives of this paper are to propose a robust definition of government (big) data ecosystem and a classification of government (big) data ecosystem actors and their roles. We showcase a graphical view of actors, roles, and their relationship in the government (big) data ecosystem. We also discuss our research findings. We did not find too much published research articles about the government (big) data ecosystem, including its definition and classification of actors and their roles. Therefore, we lent ideas for the government (big) data ecosystem from numerous areas that include scientific research data, humanitarian data, open government data, industry data, in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data" title="big data">big data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data%20ecosystem" title=" big data ecosystem"> big data ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20of%20big%20data%20actors" title=" classification of big data actors"> classification of big data actors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data%20actors%20roles" title=" big data actors roles"> big data actors roles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=definition%20of%20government%20%28big%29%20data%20ecosystem" title=" definition of government (big) data ecosystem"> definition of government (big) data ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data-driven%20government" title=" data-driven government"> data-driven government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eGovernment" title=" eGovernment"> eGovernment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gaps%20in%20data%20ecosystems" title=" gaps in data ecosystems"> gaps in data ecosystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20%28big%29%20data" title=" government (big) data"> government (big) data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20administration" title=" public administration"> public administration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20literature%20review" title=" systematic literature review"> systematic literature review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119739/government-big-data-ecosystem-definition-classification-of-actors-and-their-roles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1687</span> Life Cycle-Based Analysis of Meat Production: Ecosystem Impacts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelle%20Zeyuan%20Ma">Michelle Zeyuan Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hermann%20Heilmeier"> Hermann Heilmeier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, meat production ecosystem impacts initiated many hot discussions and researchers, and it is a difficult implementation to reduce such impacts due to the demand of meat products. It calls for better management and control of ecosystem impacts from every aspects of meat production. This article analyzes the ecosystem impacts of meat production based on meat products life cycle. The analysis shows that considerable ecosystem impacts are caused by different meat production steps: initial establishment phase, animal raising, slaughterhouse processing, meat consumption, and wastes management. Based on this analysis, the impacts are summarized as: leading factor for biodiversity loss; water waste, land use waste and land degradation; greenhouse gases emissions; pollution to air, water, and soil; related major diseases. The article also provides a discussion on a solution-sustainable food system, which could help in reducing ecosystem impacts. The analysis method is based on the life cycle level, it provides a concept of the whole meat industry ecosystem impacts, and the analysis result could be useful to manage or control meat production ecosystem impacts from investor, producer and consumer sides. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eutrophication" title="eutrophication">eutrophication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20based%20analysis" title=" life cycle based analysis"> life cycle based analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20food" title=" sustainable food"> sustainable food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91199/life-cycle-based-analysis-of-meat-production-ecosystem-impacts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1686</span> Exploring Open Innovation Practice in Start-Ups within an Innovation Ecosystem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yassine%20Mehros">Yassine Mehros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Michel%20Degeorge"> Jean-Michel Degeorge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelaziz%20Elabjani"> Abdelaziz Elabjani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Innovation has long been considered the key to the survival, development, and growth of companies. It is a process in which start-ups play a key role, but they suffer from a structural lack of resources, which hinders the development of new innovations and their commercialization. The use of alternative channels to access resources is therefore becoming a necessity to overcome this constraint and identify opportunities. This is why they can be part of large communities of interdependent actors, namely innovation ecosystems that are part of a logic of sharing and open innovation. This research aims to explore and better understand OI in start-ups within an innovation ecosystem. We offer an exploratory qualitative study with start-ups and other actors in the Saint-Étienne innovation ecosystem. Our paper explored the characteristics and main actors of the Saint-Etienne innovation ecosystem, focusing on start-ups. We have identified the motivations of start-up’s adopting OI, its difficulties, its risks, and its impact on their growth. Also, our results show the existence of strong links between the different actors in the ecosystem. In addition, a strong trust has been established between these actors thanks to the geographical proximity; the start-ups manage to get in touch with the different actors of their innovation ecosystem by practicing OI. The actors collaborate on projects involving companies and, in particular, start-ups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20innovation" title="open innovation">open innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=start-ups" title=" start-ups"> start-ups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Innovation%20ecosystem" title=" Innovation ecosystem"> Innovation ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actors" title=" actors"> actors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151442/exploring-open-innovation-practice-in-start-ups-within-an-innovation-ecosystem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1685</span> Rivers Drain Impact on the Black Sea Coastal Line Biocenosis within the Greater Sochi Area Assessed by Bioassay Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gorbunova%20Tatiana%20L.">Gorbunova Tatiana L.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research is dedicated to the study of the polluted river inflow impact on the Black Sea coastal marine environment within the watercourse’s plumes in the Greater Sochi area applying bioassay methods using freshwater and marine microalgae. River waters were analyzed using microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Beijer and sea waters were tested with marine diatoms Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin. Experiments included algae cell abundancy growth assessments in acute (24 hours), sub-acute (72 hours) and chronic (168 hours / 7 days) tests. The increase in algal cell growth rates compared to the control in the summer period was detected as a consequence of the recreational activities intensification during the tourism seasonal peak. Most of the analyzed samples demonstrated a significant effect of algae cell growth stimulation compared to the control. It is established that under the impact of contaminants carried by river drain to the sea, the capacity of the coastal marine ecosystem is partially capable of compensating for its effect on the coastal biocenosis, but the general trends of the impact processes remain constant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algae%20abundance%20growth" title="algae abundance growth">algae abundance growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioassay" title=" bioassay"> bioassay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microalgae" title=" microalgae"> microalgae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173894/rivers-drain-impact-on-the-black-sea-coastal-line-biocenosis-within-the-greater-sochi-area-assessed-by-bioassay-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1684</span> Application of Remote Sensing for Monitoring the Impact of Lapindo Mud Sedimentation for Mangrove Ecosystem, Case Study in Sidoarjo, East Java</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Cahyadhi%20Pratama%20Putra">Akbar Cahyadhi Pratama Putra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tantri%20Utami%20Widhaningtyas"> Tantri Utami Widhaningtyas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Randy%20Aswin"> M. Randy Aswin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indonesia as an archipelagic nation have very long coastline which have large potential marine resources, one of that is the mangrove ecosystems. Lapindo mudflow disaster in Sidoarjo, East Java requires mudflow flowed into the sea through the river Brantas and Porong. Mud material that transported by river flow is feared dangerous because they contain harmful substances such as heavy metals. This study aims to map the mangrove ecosystem seen from its density and knowing how big the impact of a disaster on the Lapindo mud to mangrove ecosystem and accompanied by efforts to address the mangrove ecosystem that maintained continuity. Mapping coastal mangrove conditions of Sidoarjo was done using remote sensing products that Landsat 7 ETM + images with dry months of recording time in 2002, 2006, 2009, and 2014. The density of mangrove detected using NDVI that uses the band 3 that is the red channel and band 4 that is near IR channel. Image processing was used to produce NDVI using ENVI 5.1 software. NDVI results were used for the detection of mangrove density is 0-1. The development of mangrove ecosystems of both area and density from year to year experienced has a significant increase. Mangrove ecosystems growths are affected by material deposition area of Lapindo mud on Porong and Brantas river estuary, where the silt is growing medium suitable mangrove ecosystem and increasingly growing. Increasing the density caused support by public awareness to prevent heavy metals in the material so that the Lapindo mud mangrove breeding done around the farm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archipelagic%20nation" title="archipelagic nation">archipelagic nation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mangrove" title=" mangrove"> mangrove</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lapindo%20mudflow%20disaster" title=" Lapindo mudflow disaster"> Lapindo mudflow disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDVI" title=" NDVI"> NDVI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26923/application-of-remote-sensing-for-monitoring-the-impact-of-lapindo-mud-sedimentation-for-mangrove-ecosystem-case-study-in-sidoarjo-east-java" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1683</span> Potential Contribution of Combined High-Resolution and Fluorescence Remote Sensing to Coastal Ecosystem Service Assessments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaner%20Yan">Yaner Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ning%20Li"> Ning Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yajun%20Qiao"> Yajun Qiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuqing%20An"> Shuqing An</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although most studies have focused on assessing and mapping terrestrial ecosystem services, there is still a knowledge gap on coastal ecosystem services and an urgent need to assess them. Lau (2013) clearly defined five types of costal ecosystem services: carbon sequestration, shoreline protection, fish nursery, biodiversity, and water quality. While high-resolution remote sensing can provide the more direct, spatially estimates of biophysical parameters, such as species distribution relating to biodiversity service, and Fluorescence information derived from remote sensing direct relate to photosynthesis, availing in estimation of carbon sequestration and the response to environmental changes in coastal wetland. Here, we review the capabilities of high-resolution and fluorescence remote sesing for describing biodiversity, vegetation condition, ecological processes and highlight how these prodicts may contribute to costal ecosystem service assessment. In so doing, we anticipate rapid progress to combine the high-resolution and fluorescence remote sesing to estimate the spatial pattern of costal ecosystem services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20services" title="ecosystem services">ecosystem services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20resolution" title=" high resolution"> high resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorophyll%20fluorescence" title=" chlorophyll fluorescence"> chlorophyll fluorescence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29659/potential-contribution-of-combined-high-resolution-and-fluorescence-remote-sensing-to-coastal-ecosystem-service-assessments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1682</span> Environmental Threats and Great Barrier Reef: A Vulnerability Assessment of World’s Best Tropical Marine Ecosystems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Kant%20Anand">Ravi Kant Anand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikkey%20Keshri"> Nikkey Keshri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Great Barrier Reef of Australia is known for its beautiful landscapes and seascapes with ecological importance. This site was selected as a World Heritage site in 1981 and popularized internationally for tourism, recreational activities and fishing. But the major environmental hazards such as climate change, pollution, overfishing and shipping are making worst the site of marine ecosystem. Climate change is directly hitting on Great Barrier Reef through increasing level of sea, acidification of ocean, increasing in temperature, uneven precipitation, changes in the El Nino and increasing level of cyclones and storms. Apart from that pollution is second biggest factor which vanishing the coral reef ecosystem. Pollution including over increasement of pesticides and chemicals, eutrophication, pollution through mining, sediment runoff, loss of coastal wetland and oil spills. Coral bleaching is the biggest problem because of the environmental threatening agents. Acidification of ocean water reduced the formation of calcium carbonate skeleton. The floral ecosystem (including sea grasses and mangroves) of ocean water is the key source of food for fishes and other faunal organisms but the powerful waves, extreme temperature, destructive storms and river run- off causing the threat for them. If one natural system is under threat, it means the whole marine food web is affected from algae to whale. Poisoning of marine water through different polluting agents have been affecting the production of corals, breeding of fishes, weakening of marine health and increased in death of fishes and corals. In lieu of World Heritage site, tourism sector is directly affected and causing increasement in unemployment. Fishing sector also affected. Fluctuation in the temperature of ocean water affects the production of corals because it needs desolate place, proper sunlight and temperature up to 21 degree centigrade. But storms, El Nino, rise in temperature and sea level are induced for continuous reduction of the coral production. If we do not restrict the environmental problems of Great Barrier Reef than the best known ecological beauty with coral reefs, pelagic environments, algal meadows, coasts and estuaries, mangroves forests and sea grasses, fish species, coral gardens and the one of the best tourist spots will lost in upcoming years. My research will focus on the different environmental threats, its socio-economic impacts and different conservative measures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overfishing" title=" overfishing"> overfishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acidification" title=" acidification"> acidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eutrophication" title=" eutrophication"> eutrophication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14272/environmental-threats-and-great-barrier-reef-a-vulnerability-assessment-of-worlds-best-tropical-marine-ecosystems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1681</span> Human Error Analysis in the USA Marine Accidents Reports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20S%C3%A1nchez-Beaskoetxea">J. Sánchez-Beaskoetxea</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis of accidents, such as marine accidents, is one of the most useful instruments to avoid future accidents. In the case of marine accidents, from a simple collision of a small boat in a port to the wreck of a gigantic tanker ship, the study of the causes of the accidents is the basis of a great part of the marine international legislation. Some countries have official institutions who investigate all the accidents in which a ship with their flag is involved. In the case of the USA, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is responsible for these researches. The NTSB, after a deep investigation into each accident, publishes a Marine Accident Report with the possible cause of the accident. This paper analyses all the Marine Accident Reports published by the NTBS and focuses its attention especially in the Human Errors that led to reported accidents. In this research, the different Human Errors made by crew members are cataloged in 10 different groups. After a complete analysis of all the reports, the statistical analysis on the Human Errors typology in marine accidents is presented in order to use it as a tool to avoid the same errors in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20error" title="human error">human error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20accidents" title=" marine accidents"> marine accidents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ship%20crew" title=" ship crew"> ship crew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=USA" title=" USA"> USA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63273/human-error-analysis-in-the-usa-marine-accidents-reports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1680</span> Stakeholder Analysis of Agricultural Drone Policy: A Case Study of the Agricultural Drone Ecosystem of Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanomsin%20Chakreeves">Thanomsin Chakreeves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atichat%20Preittigun"> Atichat Preittigun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajchara%20Phu-ang"> Ajchara Phu-ang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a stakeholder analysis of agricultural drone policies that meet the government's goal of building an agricultural drone ecosystem in Thailand. Firstly, case studies from other countries are reviewed. The stakeholder analysis method and qualitative data from the interviews are then presented including data from the Institute of Innovation and Management, the Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council, agricultural entrepreneurs and farmers. Study and interview data are then employed to describe the current ecosystem and to guide the implementation of agricultural drone policies that are suitable for the ecosystem of Thailand. Finally, policy recommendations are then made that the Thai government should adopt in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drone%20public%20policy" title="drone public policy">drone public policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drone%20ecosystem" title=" drone ecosystem"> drone ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20development" title=" policy development"> policy development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20drone" title=" agricultural drone"> agricultural drone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132133/stakeholder-analysis-of-agricultural-drone-policy-a-case-study-of-the-agricultural-drone-ecosystem-of-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132133.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1679</span> Effect of Pollutions on Mangrove Forests of Nayband National Marine Park</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmaeil%20Kouhgardi">Esmaeil Kouhgardi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elaheh%20Shakerdargah"> Elaheh Shakerdargah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The mangrove ecosystem is a complex of various inter-related elements in the land-sea interface zone which is linked with other natural systems of the coastal region such as corals, sea-grass, coastal fisheries and beach vegetation. The mangrove ecosystem consists of water, muddy soil, trees, shrubs, and their associated flora, fauna and microbes. It is a very productive ecosystem sustaining various forms of life. Its waters are nursery grounds for fish, crustacean, and mollusk and also provide habitat for a wide range of aquatic life, while the land supports a rich and diverse flora and fauna, but pollutions may affect these characteristics. Iran has the lowest share of Persian Gulf pollution among the eight littoral states; environmental experts are still deeply concerned about the serious consequences of the pollution in the oil-rich gulf. Prolongation of critical conditions in the Persian Gulf has endangered its aquatic ecosystem. Water purification equipment, refineries, wastewater emitted by onshore installations, especially petrochemical plans, urban sewage, population density and extensive oil operations of Arab states are factors contaminating the Persian Gulf waters. Population density has been the major cause of pollution and environmental degradation in the Persian Gulf. Persian Gulf is a closed marine environment which is connected to open waterways only from one way. It usually takes between three and four years for the gulf's water to be completely replaced. Therefore, any pollution entering the water will remain there for a relatively long time. Presently, the high temperature and excessive salt level in the water have exposed the marine creatures to extra threats, which mean they have to survive very tough conditions. The natural environment of the Persian Gulf is very rich with good fish grounds, extensive coral reefs and pearl oysters in abundance, but has become increasingly under pressure due to the heavy industrialization and in particular the repeated major oil spillages associated with the various recent wars fought in the region. Pollution may cause the mortality of mangrove forests by effect on root, leaf and soil of the area. Study was showed the high correlation between industrial pollution and mangrove forests health in south of Iran and increase of population, coupled with economic growth, inevitably caused the use of mangrove lands for various purposes such as construction of roads, ports and harbors, industries and urbanization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mangrove%20forest" title="Mangrove forest">Mangrove forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian%20Gulf" title=" Persian Gulf"> Persian Gulf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population" title=" population"> population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19085/effect-of-pollutions-on-mangrove-forests-of-nayband-national-marine-park" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1678</span> Paradigms of Assessment, Valuation and Quantification to Trade Ecosystem Services: A Review Focusing on Mangroves and Wetlands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rama%20Seth">Rama Seth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luise%20Noring"> Luise Noring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratim%20Majumdar"> Pratim Majumdar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on an extensive literature review, this paper presents distinct approaches to value, quantify and trade ecosystem services, with particular emphasis on services provided by mangroves and wetlands. Building on diverse monetary and market-based systems for the improved allocation of natural resources, such trading and exchange-based methods can help tackle the degradation of ecosystem services in a more targeted and structured manner than achievable with stand-alone policy and administrative regulations. Using various threads of literature, the paper proposes a platform that serves as the skeletal foundation for developing an efficient global market for ecosystem services trading. The paper bridges a significant research and practice gap by recommending how to establish an equilibrium in the biosphere via trading mechanisms while also discovering other research gaps and future research potential in the domain of ecosystem valuation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title="environment">environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economics" title=" economics"> economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mangroves" title=" mangroves"> mangroves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wetlands" title=" wetlands"> wetlands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=markets" title=" markets"> markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESG" title=" ESG"> ESG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20capital" title=" global capital"> global capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20investments" title=" climate investments"> climate investments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valuation" title=" valuation"> valuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20services" title=" ecosystem services"> ecosystem services</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142167/paradigms-of-assessment-valuation-and-quantification-to-trade-ecosystem-services-a-review-focusing-on-mangroves-and-wetlands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1677</span> Mapping the Technological Interventions to the National Action Plan for Marine Litter Management 2018-2025: Addressing the Marine Plastic Litter at the Marine Tourism Destinations in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaisar%20Akhir">Kaisar Akhir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azhar%20Slamet"> Azhar Slamet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to provide recommendations for addressing marine plastic litter at the ocean tourism destinations in Indonesia sustainably through technological interventions in the framework of the National Action Plan for Marine Litter Management 2018-2025. In Indonesia, marine tourism is a rapidly growing economic sector. However, marine tourism destinations are facing a global challenge called marine plastic litter. Marine plastic litter is a threat to those destinations since it has potential impacts on the reduction of marine environmental sustainability, the health of tourists and local communities as well as tourism business income. Since 2018, the Indonesian government has passed and promulgated the National Plan of Action on Marine Litter Management 2018-2025. This national action plan consists of three important key aspects of interventions (i.e., societal effort, technological application, and institutional coordination) and five strategies for addressing marine litter in Indonesia, in particular, to address 70% of marine plastic litter by 2025. The strategies include 1) National movement for raising awareness of stakeholders, 2) Land-based litter management, 3) Litter management at the sea and coasts, 4) Funding mechanism, institutional strengthening, monitoring, and law enforcement, and 5) Research and development. In this study, technological interventions around the world and in Indonesia are reviewed and analyzed on their relevance to the national action plan based on five criteria. As a result, there are twelve kinds of technological interventions recommended to be implemented for addressing marine plastic litter in the marine tourism destinations in Indonesia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20litter%20management" title="marine litter management">marine litter management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20plastic%20litter" title=" marine plastic litter"> marine plastic litter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20action%20plan" title=" national action plan"> national action plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ocean%20sustainability" title=" ocean sustainability"> ocean sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ocean%20tourism%20destination" title=" ocean tourism destination"> ocean tourism destination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20interventions" title=" technological interventions"> technological interventions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121597/mapping-the-technological-interventions-to-the-national-action-plan-for-marine-litter-management-2018-2025-addressing-the-marine-plastic-litter-at-the-marine-tourism-destinations-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1676</span> The Role of Microbe-Microplastics Associations in Marine Nematode Feeding Behaviors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ridall">A. Ridall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Ingels"> J. Ingels</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microplastics (MPs; < 5 mm) have been cited as exceptionally detrimental to marine organisms and ocean health. They can carry other pollutants and abundant microbes that can serve as food for other organisms. Their small particle size and high abundance means that non-discriminatory feeders may ingest MPs involuntarily and microbial colonization of the particles (a niche coined ‘Plastisphere’) could facilitate particle ingestion. To assess how marine nematodes, the most abundant member of the meiofauna (32-500 um), are affected by microbe-MP associations, an experiment was conducted with three MP concentrations (low, medium, and expected high values of MPs in a local bay system), and two levels of microbe-MP associations (absence or presence). MPs were introduced into sediment microcosms and treatments were removed at three distinct time points (0, 3, and 7 days) to measure mean MP consumption/individual nematode. The quantitative results from this work should inform on microbial facilitation of MP ingestion and MP effects on seafloor ecology. As most MP feeding experiments use straight-from-package or sterile MPs, this work represents an important step in realizing the effects of MPs and their plastispheres in coastal sediments where they likely accumulate microbial biofilms prior to their ingestion by marine metazoans. Furthermore, the results here convey realistic effects of MPs on faunal behaviors, as the MP concentrations used are based on field measurements rather than artificially high levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20function" title="ecosystem function">ecosystem function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbeads" title=" microbeads"> microbeads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastisphere" title=" plastisphere"> plastisphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyethylene" title=" polyethylene"> polyethylene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153291/the-role-of-microbe-microplastics-associations-in-marine-nematode-feeding-behaviors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a 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