T. Christian Miller, Reporter

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class="no-js"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />  <meta name="parsely-title" content="T. Christian Miller, Reporter" /> <meta name="parsely-link" content="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller" /> <meta name="parsely-type" content="index" /> <meta name="parsely-image-url" content="https://assets.propublica.org/2017-pp-open-graph-1200x630.jpg" /> <meta name="parsely-pub-date" content="2017-01-30T13:45:00-05:00" /> <meta name="parsely-section" content="National" /> <meta name="parsely-author" content="" /> <meta name="parsely-tags" content="lang:en" />  <script>(function(H){H.className=H.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'enhanced')})(document.documentElement)</script> <script>(function(win,undefined){win.PP=win.PP||{};win.PP.utils=win.PP.utils||{};var PP=win.PP;// loadJS: load a JS file asynchronously. Included from https://github.com/filamentgroup/loadJS/ function loadJS(src,cb){"use strict";var ref=window.document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];var script=window.document.createElement("script");script.src=src;script.async=true;ref.parentNode.insertBefore(script,ref);if(cb&&typeof cb==="function"){script.onload=cb}return script}PP.utils.loadJS=loadJS;// cookie function from https://github.com/filamentgroup/cookie/ function cookie(name,value,days){// if value is undefined, get the cookie value if(value===undefined){var cookiestring="; "+window.document.cookie;var cookies=cookiestring.split("; "+name+"=");if(cookies.length===2){return cookies.pop().split(";").shift()}return null}else{var expires;var domain;// if value is a false boolean, we'll treat that as a delete if(value===false){days=-1}if(days){var date=new Date;date.setTime(date.getTime()+days*24*60*60*1000);expires="; expires="+date.toGMTString()}else{expires=""}if(location.hostname.endsWith(".propublica.org")){// Cookie set on www.propublica.org can be read on // projects.propublica.org (and vice versa) domain="; domain=.propublica.org"}else{// Cookie limited to current hostname domain=""}window.document.cookie=name+"="+value+expires+domain+"; path=/"}}// expose it PP.utils.cookie=cookie;// basic logging function function log(logLine){const logOn=new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get("__pp-debug");if(logOn!==null){console.log(logLine)}}// expose it PP.utils.log=log;// generic event throttler using requestAnimationFrame function rafEvent(type,name,obj){obj=obj||win;var running=false;var func=function(){if(running){return}running=true;requestAnimationFrame(function(){obj.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(name));running=false})};obj.addEventListener(type,func)}PP.utils.rafEvent=rafEvent;PP.utils.rafEvent("resize","rafResize");PP.utils.rafEvent("scroll","rafScroll");// Create a series of breakpoints corresponding to the ones in css/config/_column-settings.scss // // Usage: // // 1. Check if breakpoint condition matches // if (PP.utils.aboveBreakpoint("lg").matches) { console.log("Is Desktop"); } // if (PP.utils.belowBreakpoint("lg").matches) { console.log("Is Mobile"); } // // 2. Listener that triggers when breakpoint condition changes // aboveBreakpoint("lg").addEventListener("change", function () { console.log("Mobile/Desktop breakpoint changed."); }); const breakpoints={xs:0,sm:36,md:48,lg:60,xl:78,xxl:88};PP.utils.breakpoints=breakpoints;function aboveBreakpoint(value){return window.matchMedia(`(min-width: ${PP.utils.breakpoints[value]}em)`)}function belowBreakpoint(value){return window.matchMedia(`(max-width: ${PP.utils.breakpoints[value]}em)`)}PP.utils.aboveBreakpoint=aboveBreakpoint;PP.utils.belowBreakpoint=belowBreakpoint})(this);;(function(){var undefined;var VERSION="4.17.5";var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT="Expected a function";var NAN=0/0;var nullTag="[object Null]",symbolTag="[object Symbol]",undefinedTag="[object Undefined]";var reTrim=/^\s+|\s+$/g;var reIsBadHex=/^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;var reIsBinary=/^0b[01]+$/i;var reIsOctal=/^0o[0-7]+$/i;var freeParseInt=parseInt;var freeGlobal=typeof global=="object"&&global&&global.Object===Object&&global;var freeSelf=typeof self=="object"&&self&&self.Object===Object&&self;var root=freeGlobal||freeSelf||Function("return this")();var freeExports=typeof exports=="object"&&exports&&!exports.nodeType&&exports;var freeModule=freeExports&&typeof module=="object"&&module&&!module.nodeType&&module;var objectProto=Object.prototype;var hasOwnProperty=objectProto.hasOwnProperty;var nativeObjectToString=objectProto.toString;var Symbol=root.Symbol,symToStringTag=Symbol?Symbol.toStringTag:undefined;var nativeMax=Math.max,nativeMin=Math.min;var realNames={};function lodash(){}function baseGetTag(value){if(value==null){return value===undefined?undefinedTag:nullTag}return symToStringTag&&symToStringTag in Object(value)?getRawTag(value):objectToString(value)}function getRawTag(value){var isOwn=hasOwnProperty.call(value,symToStringTag),tag=value[symToStringTag];try{value[symToStringTag]=undefined;var unmasked=true}catch(e){}var result=nativeObjectToString.call(value);if(unmasked){if(isOwn){value[symToStringTag]=tag}else{delete value[symToStringTag]}}return result}function objectToString(value){return nativeObjectToString.call(value)}var now=function(){return root.Date.now()};function debounce(func,wait,options){var lastArgs,lastThis,maxWait,result,timerId,lastCallTime,lastInvokeTime=0,leading=false,maxing=false,trailing=true;if(typeof func!="function"){throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT)}wait=toNumber(wait)||0;if(isObject(options)){leading=!!options.leading;maxing="maxWait"in options;maxWait=maxing?nativeMax(toNumber(options.maxWait)||0,wait):maxWait;trailing="trailing"in options?!!options.trailing:trailing}function invokeFunc(time){var args=lastArgs,thisArg=lastThis;lastArgs=lastThis=undefined;lastInvokeTime=time;result=func.apply(thisArg,args);return result}function leadingEdge(time){lastInvokeTime=time;timerId=setTimeout(timerExpired,wait);return leading?invokeFunc(time):result}function remainingWait(time){var timeSinceLastCall=time-lastCallTime,timeSinceLastInvoke=time-lastInvokeTime,timeWaiting=wait-timeSinceLastCall;return maxing?nativeMin(timeWaiting,maxWait-timeSinceLastInvoke):timeWaiting}function shouldInvoke(time){var timeSinceLastCall=time-lastCallTime,timeSinceLastInvoke=time-lastInvokeTime;return lastCallTime===undefined||timeSinceLastCall>=wait||timeSinceLastCall<0||maxing&&timeSinceLastInvoke>=maxWait}function timerExpired(){var time=now();if(shouldInvoke(time)){return trailingEdge(time)}timerId=setTimeout(timerExpired,remainingWait(time))}function trailingEdge(time){timerId=undefined;if(trailing&&lastArgs){return invokeFunc(time)}lastArgs=lastThis=undefined;return result}function cancel(){if(timerId!==undefined){clearTimeout(timerId)}lastInvokeTime=0;lastArgs=lastCallTime=lastThis=timerId=undefined}function flush(){return timerId===undefined?result:trailingEdge(now())}function debounced(){var time=now(),isInvoking=shouldInvoke(time);lastArgs=arguments;lastThis=this;lastCallTime=time;if(isInvoking){if(timerId===undefined){return leadingEdge(lastCallTime)}if(maxing){timerId=setTimeout(timerExpired,wait);return invokeFunc(lastCallTime)}}if(timerId===undefined){timerId=setTimeout(timerExpired,wait)}return result}debounced.cancel=cancel;debounced.flush=flush;return debounced}function throttle(func,wait,options){var leading=true,trailing=true;if(typeof func!="function"){throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT)}if(isObject(options)){leading="leading"in options?!!options.leading:leading;trailing="trailing"in options?!!options.trailing:trailing}return debounce(func,wait,{leading:leading,maxWait:wait,trailing:trailing})}function isObject(value){var type=typeof value;return value!=null&&(type=="object"||type=="function")}function isObjectLike(value){return value!=null&&typeof value=="object"}function isSymbol(value){return typeof value=="symbol"||isObjectLike(value)&&baseGetTag(value)==symbolTag}function toNumber(value){if(typeof value=="number"){return value}if(isSymbol(value)){return NAN}if(isObject(value)){var other=typeof value.valueOf=="function"?value.valueOf():value;value=isObject(other)?other+"":other}if(typeof value!="string"){return value===0?value:+value}value=value.replace(reTrim,"");var isBinary=reIsBinary.test(value);return isBinary||reIsOctal.test(value)?freeParseInt(value.slice(2),isBinary?2:8):reIsBadHex.test(value)?NAN:+value}lodash.debounce=debounce;lodash.throttle=throttle;lodash.isObject=isObject;lodash.isObjectLike=isObjectLike;lodash.isSymbol=isSymbol;lodash.now=now;lodash.toNumber=toNumber;lodash.VERSION=VERSION;if(typeof define=="function"&&typeof define.amd=="object"&&define.amd){root._=lodash;define(function(){return lodash})}else if(freeModule){(freeModule.exports=lodash)._=lodash;freeExports._=lodash}else{root._=lodash}}).call(this);;/*! lazysizes - v5.3.2 */!function(e){var t=function(u,D,f){"use strict";var k,H;if(function(){var e;var t={lazyClass:"lazyload",loadedClass:"lazyloaded",loadingClass:"lazyloading",preloadClass:"lazypreload",errorClass:"lazyerror",autosizesClass:"lazyautosizes",fastLoadedClass:"ls-is-cached",iframeLoadMode:0,srcAttr:"data-src",srcsetAttr:"data-srcset",sizesAttr:"data-sizes",minSize:40,customMedia:{},init:true,expFactor:1.5,hFac:.8,loadMode:2,loadHidden:true,ricTimeout:0,throttleDelay:125};H=u.lazySizesConfig||u.lazysizesConfig||{};for(e in t){if(!(e in H)){H[e]=t[e]}}}(),!D||!D.getElementsByClassName){return{init:function(){},cfg:H,noSupport:true}}var O=D.documentElement,i=u.HTMLPictureElement,P="addEventListener",$="getAttribute",q=u[P].bind(u),I=u.setTimeout,U=u.requestAnimationFrame||I,o=u.requestIdleCallback,j=/^picture$/i,r=["load","error","lazyincluded","_lazyloaded"],a={},G=Array.prototype.forEach,J=function(e,t){if(!a[t]){a[t]=new RegExp("(\\s|^)"+t+"(\\s|$)")}return a[t].test(e[$]("class")||"")&&a[t]},K=function(e,t){if(!J(e,t)){e.setAttribute("class",(e[$]("class")||"").trim()+" "+t)}},Q=function(e,t){var a;if(a=J(e,t)){e.setAttribute("class",(e[$]("class")||"").replace(a," "))}},V=function(t,a,e){var i=e?P:"removeEventListener";if(e){V(t,a)}r.forEach(function(e){t[i](e,a)})},X=function(e,t,a,i,r){var n=D.createEvent("Event");if(!a){a={}}a.instance=k;n.initEvent(t,!i,!r);n.detail=a;e.dispatchEvent(n);return n},Y=function(e,t){var a;if(!i&&(a=u.picturefill||H.pf)){if(t&&t.src&&!e[$]("srcset")){e.setAttribute("srcset",t.src)}a({reevaluate:true,elements:[e]})}else if(t&&t.src){e.src=t.src}},Z=function(e,t){return(getComputedStyle(e,null)||{})[t]},s=function(e,t,a){a=a||e.offsetWidth;while(a<H.minSize&&t&&!e._lazysizesWidth){a=t.offsetWidth;t=t.parentNode}return a},ee=function(){var a,i;var t=[];var r=[];var n=t;var s=function(){var e=n;n=t.length?r:t;a=true;i=false;while(e.length){e.shift()()}a=false};var e=function(e,t){if(a&&!t){e.apply(this,arguments)}else{n.push(e);if(!i){i=true;(D.hidden?I:U)(s)}}};e._lsFlush=s;return e}(),te=function(a,e){return e?function(){ee(a)}:function(){var e=this;var t=arguments;ee(function(){a.apply(e,t)})}},ae=function(e){var a;var i=0;var r=H.throttleDelay;var n=H.ricTimeout;var t=function(){a=false;i=f.now();e()};var s=o&&n>49?function(){o(t,{timeout:n});if(n!==H.ricTimeout){n=H.ricTimeout}}:te(function(){I(t)},true);return function(e){var t;if(e=e===true){n=33}if(a){return}a=true;t=r-(f.now()-i);if(t<0){t=0}if(e||t<9){s()}else{I(s,t)}}},ie=function(e){var t,a;var i=99;var r=function(){t=null;e()};var n=function(){var e=f.now()-a;if(e<i){I(n,i-e)}else{(o||r)(r)}};return function(){a=f.now();if(!t){t=I(n,i)}}},e=function(){var v,m,c,h,e;var y,z,g,p,C,b,A;var n=/^img$/i;var d=/^iframe$/i;var E="onscroll"in u&&!/(gle|ing)bot/.test(navigator.userAgent);var _=0;var w=0;var M=0;var N=-1;var L=function(e){M--;if(!e||M<0||!e.target){M=0}};var x=function(e){if(A==null){A=Z(D.body,"visibility")=="hidden"}return A||!(Z(e.parentNode,"visibility")=="hidden"&&Z(e,"visibility")=="hidden")};var W=function(e,t){var a;var i=e;var r=x(e);g-=t;b+=t;p-=t;C+=t;while(r&&(i=i.offsetParent)&&i!=D.body&&i!=O){r=(Z(i,"opacity")||1)>0;if(r&&Z(i,"overflow")!="visible"){a=i.getBoundingClientRect();r=C>a.left&&p<a.right&&b>a.top-1&&g<a.bottom+1}}return r};var t=function(){var e,t,a,i,r,n,s,o,l,u,f,c;var d=k.elements;if((h=H.loadMode)&&M<8&&(e=d.length)){t=0;N++;for(;t<e;t++){if(!d[t]||d[t]._lazyRace){continue}if(!E||k.prematureUnveil&&k.prematureUnveil(d[t])){R(d[t]);continue}if(!(o=d[t][$]("data-expand"))||!(n=o*1)){n=w}if(!u){u=!H.expand||H.expand<1?O.clientHeight>500&&O.clientWidth>500?500:370:H.expand;k._defEx=u;f=u*H.expFactor;c=H.hFac;A=null;if(w<f&&M<1&&N>2&&h>2&&!D.hidden){w=f;N=0}else if(h>1&&N>1&&M<6){w=u}else{w=_}}if(l!==n){y=innerWidth+n*c;z=innerHeight+n;s=n*-1;l=n}a=d[t].getBoundingClientRect();if((b=a.bottom)>=s&&(g=a.top)<=z&&(C=a.right)>=s*c&&(p=a.left)<=y&&(b||C||p||g)&&(H.loadHidden||x(d[t]))&&(m&&M<3&&!o&&(h<3||N<4)||W(d[t],n))){R(d[t]);r=true;if(M>9){break}}else if(!r&&m&&!i&&M<4&&N<4&&h>2&&(v[0]||H.preloadAfterLoad)&&(v[0]||!o&&(b||C||p||g||d[t][$](H.sizesAttr)!="auto"))){i=v[0]||d[t]}}if(i&&!r){R(i)}}};var a=ae(t);var S=function(e){var t=e.target;if(t._lazyCache){delete t._lazyCache;return}L(e);K(t,H.loadedClass);Q(t,H.loadingClass);V(t,B);X(t,"lazyloaded")};var i=te(S);var B=function(e){i({target:e.target})};var T=function(e,t){var a=e.getAttribute("data-load-mode")||H.iframeLoadMode;if(a==0){e.contentWindow.location.replace(t)}else if(a==1){e.src=t}};var F=function(e){var t;var a=e[$](H.srcsetAttr);if(t=H.customMedia[e[$]("data-media")||e[$]("media")]){e.setAttribute("media",t)}if(a){e.setAttribute("srcset",a)}};var s=te(function(t,e,a,i,r){var n,s,o,l,u,f;if(!(u=X(t,"lazybeforeunveil",e)).defaultPrevented){if(i){if(a){K(t,H.autosizesClass)}else{t.setAttribute("sizes",i)}}s=t[$](H.srcsetAttr);n=t[$](H.srcAttr);if(r){o=t.parentNode;l=o&&j.test(o.nodeName||"")}f=e.firesLoad||"src"in t&&(s||n||l);u={target:t};K(t,H.loadingClass);if(f){clearTimeout(c);c=I(L,2500);V(t,B,true)}if(l){G.call(o.getElementsByTagName("source"),F)}if(s){t.setAttribute("srcset",s)}else if(n&&!l){if(d.test(t.nodeName)){T(t,n)}else{t.src=n}}if(r&&(s||l)){Y(t,{src:n})}}if(t._lazyRace){delete t._lazyRace}Q(t,H.lazyClass);ee(function(){var e=t.complete&&t.naturalWidth>1;if(!f||e){if(e){K(t,H.fastLoadedClass)}S(u);t._lazyCache=true;I(function(){if("_lazyCache"in t){delete t._lazyCache}},9)}if(t.loading=="lazy"){M--}},true)});var R=function(e){if(e._lazyRace){return}var t;var a=n.test(e.nodeName);var i=a&&(e[$](H.sizesAttr)||e[$]("sizes"));var r=i=="auto";if((r||!m)&&a&&(e[$]("src")||e.srcset)&&!e.complete&&!J(e,H.errorClass)&&J(e,H.lazyClass)){return}t=X(e,"lazyunveilread").detail;if(r){re.updateElem(e,true,e.offsetWidth)}e._lazyRace=true;M++;s(e,t,r,i,a)};var r=ie(function(){H.loadMode=3;a()});var o=function(){if(H.loadMode==3){H.loadMode=2}r()};var l=function(){if(m){return}if(f.now()-e<999){I(l,999);return}m=true;H.loadMode=3;a();q("scroll",o,true)};return{_:function(){e=f.now();k.elements=D.getElementsByClassName(H.lazyClass);v=D.getElementsByClassName(H.lazyClass+" "+H.preloadClass);q("scroll",a,true);q("resize",a,true);q("pageshow",function(e){if(e.persisted){var t=D.querySelectorAll("."+H.loadingClass);if(t.length&&t.forEach){U(function(){t.forEach(function(e){if(e.complete){R(e)}})})}}});if(u.MutationObserver){new MutationObserver(a).observe(O,{childList:true,subtree:true,attributes:true})}else{O[P]("DOMNodeInserted",a,true);O[P]("DOMAttrModified",a,true);setInterval(a,999)}q("hashchange",a,true);["focus","mouseover","click","load","transitionend","animationend"].forEach(function(e){D[P](e,a,true)});if(/d$|^c/.test(D.readyState)){l()}else{q("load",l);D[P]("DOMContentLoaded",a);I(l,2e4)}if(k.elements.length){t();ee._lsFlush()}else{a()}},checkElems:a,unveil:R,_aLSL:o}}(),re=function(){var a;var n=te(function(e,t,a,i){var r,n,s;e._lazysizesWidth=i;i+="px";e.setAttribute("sizes",i);if(j.test(t.nodeName||"")){r=t.getElementsByTagName("source");for(n=0,s=r.length;n<s;n++){r[n].setAttribute("sizes",i)}}if(!a.detail.dataAttr){Y(e,a.detail)}});var i=function(e,t,a){var i;var r=e.parentNode;if(r){a=s(e,r,a);i=X(e,"lazybeforesizes",{width:a,dataAttr:!!t});if(!i.defaultPrevented){a=i.detail.width;if(a&&a!==e._lazysizesWidth){n(e,r,i,a)}}}};var e=function(){var e;var t=a.length;if(t){e=0;for(;e<t;e++){i(a[e])}}};var t=ie(e);return{_:function(){a=D.getElementsByClassName(H.autosizesClass);q("resize",t)},checkElems:t,updateElem:i}}(),t=function(){if(!t.i&&D.getElementsByClassName){t.i=true;re._();e._()}};return I(function(){H.init&&t()}),k={cfg:H,autoSizer:re,loader:e,init:t,uP:Y,aC:K,rC:Q,hC:J,fire:X,gW:s,rAF:ee}}(e,e.document,Date);e.lazySizes=t,"object"==typeof module&&module.exports&&(module.exports=t)}("undefined"!=typeof window?window:{});;/*! lazysizes - v5.3.2 */!function(e,t){var a=function(){t(e.lazySizes),e.removeEventListener("lazyunveilread",a,!0)};t=t.bind(null,e,e.document),"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?t(require("lazysizes")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["lazysizes"],t):e.lazySizes?a():e.addEventListener("lazyunveilread",a,!0)}(window,function(e,i,o){"use strict";var l,d,u={};function s(e,t,a){var n,r;u[e]||(n=i.createElement(t?"link":"script"),r=i.getElementsByTagName("script")[0],t?(n.rel="stylesheet",n.href=e):(n.onload=function(){n.onerror=null,n.onload=null,a()},n.onerror=n.onload,n.src=e),u[e]=!0,u[n.src||n.href]=!0,r.parentNode.insertBefore(n,r))}i.addEventListener&&(l=function(e,t){var a=i.createElement("img");a.onload=function(){a.onload=null,a.onerror=null,a=null,t()},a.onerror=a.onload,a.src=e,a&&a.complete&&a.onload&&a.onload()},addEventListener("lazybeforeunveil",function(e){var t,a,n;if(e.detail.instance==o&&!e.defaultPrevented){var r=e.target;if("none"==r.preload&&(r.preload=r.getAttribute("data-preload")||"auto"),null!=r.getAttribute("data-autoplay"))if(r.getAttribute("data-expand")&&!r.autoplay)try{r.play()}catch(e){}else requestAnimationFrame(function(){r.setAttribute("data-expand","-10"),o.aC(r,o.cfg.lazyClass)});(t=r.getAttribute("data-link"))&&s(t,!0),(t=r.getAttribute("data-script"))&&(e.detail.firesLoad=!0,s(t,null,function(){e.detail.firesLoad=!1,o.fire(r,"_lazyloaded",{},!0,!0)})),(t=r.getAttribute("data-require"))&&(o.cfg.requireJs?o.cfg.requireJs([t]):s(t)),(a=r.getAttribute("data-bg"))&&(e.detail.firesLoad=!0,l(a,function(){r.style.backgroundImage="url("+(d.test(a)?JSON.stringify(a):a)+")",e.detail.firesLoad=!1,o.fire(r,"_lazyloaded",{},!0,!0)})),(n=r.getAttribute("data-poster"))&&(e.detail.firesLoad=!0,l(n,function(){r.poster=n,e.detail.firesLoad=!1,o.fire(r,"_lazyloaded",{},!0,!0)}))}},!(d=/$|$|\s|'/)))}); //# sourceMappingURL=initial.js.map </script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ 'contentType': 'Item', // updated taxonomy TK 'publicationDate': 'January 30, 2017 13:45:00', 'articleTopic': '', 'articleTitle': 'T. Christian Miller', 'authorName': '', 'seriesName': '', 'contentRegion': 'National', 'contentLanguage': 'en', 'craftId' : '146337', 'articleVersion' : '', 'contentLocation' : '', 'storyType': '', 'impact': "false" }); </script>  <link href="https://assets.propublica.org" rel="preconnect"> <link href="https://assets.propublica.org" rel="dns-prefetch"> <link href="https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org" rel="dns-prefetch"> <link href="https://img.assets-d.propublica.org" rel="dns-prefetch">  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://assets.propublica.org/static/prod/v5/css/main.d3d8684b.css">  <link rel="icon" href="https://assets.propublica.org/static/prod/v5/images/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" href="https://assets.propublica.org/static/prod/v5/images/icon.min.svg" type="image/svg+xml"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://assets.propublica.org/static/prod/v5/images/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png">  <link rel="me" href="https://newsie.social/@ProPublica" /> <meta name="fediverse:creator" content="@propublica@newsie.social" /> <title>T. Christian Miller, Reporter — ProPublica</title><meta name="description" content="I’m a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter dedicated to accountability, transparency and data-driven journalism."> <meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer-when-downgrade"> <meta name="robots" content="all"> <meta content="13320939444" property="fb:profile_id"> <meta content="229862657130557" property="fb:app_id"> <meta content="en_US" property="og:locale"> <meta content="ProPublica" property="og:site_name"> <meta content="website" property="og:type"> <meta content="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller" property="og:url"> <meta content="T. Christian Miller, Reporter" property="og:title"> <meta content="I’m a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter dedicated to accountability, transparency and data-driven journalism." property="og:description"> <meta content="https://assets.propublica.org/2017-pp-open-graph-1200x630.jpg" property="og:image"> <meta content="https://vimeo.com/propublica" property="og:see_also"> <meta content="https://www.pinterest.com/propublica" property="og:see_also"> <meta content="https://www.instagram.com/propublica" property="og:see_also"> <meta content="https://www.linkedin.com/company/propublica/" property="og:see_also"> <meta content="https://github.com/propublica" property="og:see_also"> <meta content="https://www.youtube.com/user/propublica" property="og:see_also"> <meta content="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ProPublica" property="og:see_also"> <meta content="https://www.facebook.com/propublica/" property="og:see_also"> <meta content="https://twitter.com/propublica" property="og:see_also"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@propublica"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@propublica"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="T. Christian Miller, Reporter"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="I’m a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter dedicated to accountability, transparency and data-driven journalism."> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://assets.propublica.org/2017-pp-open-graph-1200x630.jpg"> <link href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller" rel="canonical"> <link href="https://www.propublica.org" rel="home"> <link type="text/plain" href="https://www.propublica.org/humans.txt" rel="author"> <link href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller/p2" rel="next"></head> <body id="www-propublica-org" class="entry-type-people-listing bg-white text-dark neutral-cool accent-blue" data-pp-location="v5 body"> <style> .site-header__banner { font-family: Graphik, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.2; position: relative; z-index: 100; } @media screen and (min-width: 40em) { .site-header__banner { font-size: 15px; } } a.site-header__banner-link { align-items: center; background: linear-gradient( to right, #e98406, #cf176d, #2074df ); color: white; display: flex; justify-content: center; overflow: hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; text-decoration: none; transition: unset; } .site-header__banner-link > * + * { margin-left: 8px; } .site-header__banner-cta { background: #da352b; border-radius: 0.2em; color: white; display: inline; font-size: 0.85em; font-weight: 700; padding: 0.5em 1em; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; /* see here for smooth box-shadow calculation: https://shadows.brumm.af */ /* box-shadow: 0 1.3px 1.3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07), 0 4.5px 4.5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.042), 0 20px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.028) ; */ } /* .site-header__banner-copy { display: none; } @media screen and (min-width: 50em) { .site-header__banner-copy { display: block; } } */ /* .site-header__banner-link:focus .site-header__banner-cta, .site-header__banner-link:hover .site-header__banner-cta { background: #9b0000; color: white; } */ .site-header__banner-title { padding-right: 0.25em; } @media screen and (min-width: 60em) { .opener--grid { /* Tweak full height to account for promo bar height */ grid-template-rows: minmax(calc(100vh - 2.25rem), auto) auto auto; } } @media screen and (min-width: 60em) { .opener--grid .opener__art.opener__art--inset, .opener--grid .opener__art.opener__art--inset > img, .opener--grid .opener__art.opener__art--inset > video { /* Tweak full height to account for promo bar height */ max-height: calc( 100vh - 2.25rem - 2 * var(--opener-page-margins)); } } </style>  <script type="application/json" class="svelte-config"> {"componentName":"SiteHeader","props":{"type":"compact","fixedNavScrollStart":".opener"},"contextArray":[]} </script> <a class="site-header-skip-link a11y a11y-focusable--absolute svelte-5qrmpy" href="#main" data-svelte-h="svelte-19fmzuu">Skip to content</a> <div class="site-header--compact svelte-5qrmpy" data-pp-location="svelte-siteheader"><div class="variant-compact__inner-wrap svelte-5qrmpy variant-compact__inner-wrap--has-border"><div class="variant-compact__section-menu svelte-5qrmpy"> <button class="button shape--round-rect button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-link="Menu" data-pp-skip="false" data-testid="compact-menu-button" style="--button-bg-color: transparent; --button-border: none; --button-color: var(--site-header-color-button-text, var(--color-neutral-80)); --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>Menu</title><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2 12C2 11.4477 2.44772 11 3 11H21C21.5523 11 22 11.4477 22 12C22 12.5523 21.5523 13 21 13H3C2.44772 13 2 12.5523 2 12Z" fill="currentColor"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2 6C2 5.44772 2.44772 5 3 5H21C21.5523 5 22 5.44772 22 6C22 6.55228 21.5523 7 21 7H3C2.44772 7 2 6.55228 2 6Z" fill="currentColor"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2 18C2 17.4477 2.44772 17 3 17H21C21.5523 17 22 17.4477 22 18C22 18.5523 21.5523 19 21 19H3C2.44772 19 2 18.5523 2 18Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">Menu</span> </button></div> <a class="variant-compact__wordmark svelte-5qrmpy" href="https://www.propublica.org"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 574.24 75" fill="currentColor"><title>ProPublica</title><path d="M66.4,13.48,66,14.91l6.23,11.45,1.15.47L75,26.29V75H50.95A41.2,41.2,0,0,0,62.13,46.88a40.61,40.61,0,0,0-3.39-16.26,45.17,45.17,0,0,1,7.79-4.95l1.69-.2.14-.41L65,18.83H64.5l-.88,1.29c-2.91,1.9-4.67,2.3-8.54,3.79A41.35,41.35,0,0,0,20.46,5.42,39.87,39.87,0,0,0,0,10.91V0H75V8.81ZM57.32,47A37.54,37.54,0,0,1,44.65,75H0V16A37,37,0,0,1,57.32,47ZM43.7,37.06c0-8.13-6-12-17.75-12H7.18v3.66l4.2.95V62.2l-4.2.95v3.73H27.85V63.14l-7.18-.95V50.14h5.15C37.26,50.14,43.7,45.53,43.7,37.06Zm-9.76.27c0,5.15-2.78,8.33-7.25,8.33h-6V29.47H27C31.37,29.47,33.94,32.32,33.94,37.33Z"></path><path d="M116.53,60.07l9.15,1.08v4.2H99.39v-4.2l5.28-1.36v-44l-5.28-1.36V10.41H123c15.31,0,22.9,5.28,22.9,16.13,0,11.18-8.33,17.41-23.1,17.41h-6.3Zm0-21.14h6.84c6.44,0,10.5-4.61,10.5-12.06,0-7.18-3.73-11.45-10.09-11.45h-7.25Z"></path><path d="M200.74,61.15v4.2H185.9l-16-20.6h-2.51v15l5.28,1.36v4.2H150.27v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35l-5-1.36V17.93H175.2c10.5,0,17.55,5.08,17.55,12.67,0,8.4-5.76,12.2-11,13.55l13.48,15.79ZM167.41,39.74h4.47c5.76,0,8.81-3.18,8.81-8.88,0-5.35-2.85-7.93-8.81-7.93h-4.47Z"></path><path d="M199.59,41.64c0-14.77,9.82-24.73,25.68-24.73s25.68,10,25.68,24.73-9.82,24.73-25.68,24.73S199.59,56.48,199.59,41.64Zm38.89,0c0-9.69-3.25-19.17-13.21-19.17S212.05,32,212.05,41.64s3.25,19.17,13.21,19.17S238.48,51.33,238.48,41.64Z"></path><path d="M270.79,60.07l9.15,1.08v4.2H253.31v-4.2l5.62-1.36v-44l-5.62-1.36V10.41h24c15.31,0,22.9,5.28,22.9,16.13,0,11.18-8.33,17.41-23.1,17.41h-6.3Zm0-21.14h6.84c6.44,0,10.5-4.61,10.5-12.06,0-7.18-3.73-11.45-10.1-11.45h-7.25Z"></path><path d="M354.26,22l-4.95,1.36V47c0,12.87-7.79,19.38-20.05,19.38-13.62,0-20.73-7.86-20.73-20v-23L303.58,22V17.93h22V22l-5.08,1.36V47.74c0,7.25,4.34,12.06,11.45,12.06,6.84,0,11.25-4.47,11.25-11.31V23.35L338.14,22V17.93h16.12Z"></path><path d="M403.85,52.21c0,8.88-7.11,13.14-22,13.14H357.58v-4.2l5.56-1.36V23.35L358.26,22V17.93h23.92c12.6,0,19.51,3.79,19.51,11.72,0,6.17-4.06,9.08-10.91,9.89v.27C399.31,40.76,403.85,45.1,403.85,52.21ZM375,38.32h5.76c6.1,0,9-2.78,9-7.79,0-5.22-3.12-7.59-9-7.59H375Zm16.8,13.41c0-5.62-3.79-8.67-11.25-8.67H375V60.34h6.64C388.07,60.34,391.79,57.29,391.79,51.74Z"></path><path d="M451.07,48.62l-4.4,16.73H408v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35L407.65,22V17.93h22.76V22l-5.28,1.36v37l14.16-.81L447,47.26Z"></path><path d="M475.4,61.15v4.2H453v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35L453,22V17.93H475.4V22l-5.28,1.36V59.8Z"></path><path d="M478,41.78c0-15.85,12.13-24.86,27-24.86a35.6,35.6,0,0,1,18.29,5.15l-2,13.21h-4.2l-1.69-9.08a13.23,13.23,0,0,0-10.09-4.13c-9.15,0-14.7,6.57-14.7,18.22,0,13.21,6.84,19.31,15.24,19.31,6.17,0,10.23-3.39,13.41-9.55l4.27,2c-4.27,10-11.65,14.36-21.07,14.36C488.4,66.37,478,56.48,478,41.78Z"></path><path d="M574.24,61.15v4.2H551.48v-4.2L557,60l-2.85-8.13h-16.6l-3.12,8.2,5.42,1.15-.07,4.2-16.53-.07v-4.2l4.27-1.08,14.9-37.33-4-1.29V17.93h13.69L569.3,60Zm-27.57-31-.47-1.56-.47,1.56-6.23,16.73h12.94Z"></path></svg></a> <a data-pp-view="" href="https://give.propublica.org/give/346423/#!/donation/checkout?c_src=UpRed" class="button shape--round-rect svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--red-50); --button-border: none; --button-color: var(--white); --button-font-size: var(--scale-2); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale2); --icon-size: 1em;"> <span class="text font--serif svelte-1qpwxqa">Donate</span> </a></div></div> <div class="site-header-overlay svelte-5qrmpy" data-testid="overlay" data-pp-location="svelte-siteheader-overlay" style="opacity: 0; pointer-events: none;"><div class="variant-overlay__top-inner-wrap svelte-5qrmpy"><div class="variant-overlay__section-menu svelte-5qrmpy"> <button class="button shape--round-rect button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-link="Menu" data-pp-skip="false" data-testid="close-overlay-button" style="--button-bg-color: transparent; --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: var(--scale0);"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><title>Close</title><line x1="18" y1="6" x2="6" y2="18"></line><line x1="6" y1="6" x2="18" y2="18"></line></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">Close</span> </button></div> <a class="variant-overlay__wordmark svelte-5qrmpy" href="https://www.propublica.org"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 574.24 75" fill="currentColor"><title>ProPublica</title><path d="M66.4,13.48,66,14.91l6.23,11.45,1.15.47L75,26.29V75H50.95A41.2,41.2,0,0,0,62.13,46.88a40.61,40.61,0,0,0-3.39-16.26,45.17,45.17,0,0,1,7.79-4.95l1.69-.2.14-.41L65,18.83H64.5l-.88,1.29c-2.91,1.9-4.67,2.3-8.54,3.79A41.35,41.35,0,0,0,20.46,5.42,39.87,39.87,0,0,0,0,10.91V0H75V8.81ZM57.32,47A37.54,37.54,0,0,1,44.65,75H0V16A37,37,0,0,1,57.32,47ZM43.7,37.06c0-8.13-6-12-17.75-12H7.18v3.66l4.2.95V62.2l-4.2.95v3.73H27.85V63.14l-7.18-.95V50.14h5.15C37.26,50.14,43.7,45.53,43.7,37.06Zm-9.76.27c0,5.15-2.78,8.33-7.25,8.33h-6V29.47H27C31.37,29.47,33.94,32.32,33.94,37.33Z"></path><path d="M116.53,60.07l9.15,1.08v4.2H99.39v-4.2l5.28-1.36v-44l-5.28-1.36V10.41H123c15.31,0,22.9,5.28,22.9,16.13,0,11.18-8.33,17.41-23.1,17.41h-6.3Zm0-21.14h6.84c6.44,0,10.5-4.61,10.5-12.06,0-7.18-3.73-11.45-10.09-11.45h-7.25Z"></path><path d="M200.74,61.15v4.2H185.9l-16-20.6h-2.51v15l5.28,1.36v4.2H150.27v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35l-5-1.36V17.93H175.2c10.5,0,17.55,5.08,17.55,12.67,0,8.4-5.76,12.2-11,13.55l13.48,15.79ZM167.41,39.74h4.47c5.76,0,8.81-3.18,8.81-8.88,0-5.35-2.85-7.93-8.81-7.93h-4.47Z"></path><path d="M199.59,41.64c0-14.77,9.82-24.73,25.68-24.73s25.68,10,25.68,24.73-9.82,24.73-25.68,24.73S199.59,56.48,199.59,41.64Zm38.89,0c0-9.69-3.25-19.17-13.21-19.17S212.05,32,212.05,41.64s3.25,19.17,13.21,19.17S238.48,51.33,238.48,41.64Z"></path><path d="M270.79,60.07l9.15,1.08v4.2H253.31v-4.2l5.62-1.36v-44l-5.62-1.36V10.41h24c15.31,0,22.9,5.28,22.9,16.13,0,11.18-8.33,17.41-23.1,17.41h-6.3Zm0-21.14h6.84c6.44,0,10.5-4.61,10.5-12.06,0-7.18-3.73-11.45-10.1-11.45h-7.25Z"></path><path d="M354.26,22l-4.95,1.36V47c0,12.87-7.79,19.38-20.05,19.38-13.62,0-20.73-7.86-20.73-20v-23L303.58,22V17.93h22V22l-5.08,1.36V47.74c0,7.25,4.34,12.06,11.45,12.06,6.84,0,11.25-4.47,11.25-11.31V23.35L338.14,22V17.93h16.12Z"></path><path d="M403.85,52.21c0,8.88-7.11,13.14-22,13.14H357.58v-4.2l5.56-1.36V23.35L358.26,22V17.93h23.92c12.6,0,19.51,3.79,19.51,11.72,0,6.17-4.06,9.08-10.91,9.89v.27C399.31,40.76,403.85,45.1,403.85,52.21ZM375,38.32h5.76c6.1,0,9-2.78,9-7.79,0-5.22-3.12-7.59-9-7.59H375Zm16.8,13.41c0-5.62-3.79-8.67-11.25-8.67H375V60.34h6.64C388.07,60.34,391.79,57.29,391.79,51.74Z"></path><path d="M451.07,48.62l-4.4,16.73H408v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35L407.65,22V17.93h22.76V22l-5.28,1.36v37l14.16-.81L447,47.26Z"></path><path d="M475.4,61.15v4.2H453v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35L453,22V17.93H475.4V22l-5.28,1.36V59.8Z"></path><path d="M478,41.78c0-15.85,12.13-24.86,27-24.86a35.6,35.6,0,0,1,18.29,5.15l-2,13.21h-4.2l-1.69-9.08a13.23,13.23,0,0,0-10.09-4.13c-9.15,0-14.7,6.57-14.7,18.22,0,13.21,6.84,19.31,15.24,19.31,6.17,0,10.23-3.39,13.41-9.55l4.27,2c-4.27,10-11.65,14.36-21.07,14.36C488.4,66.37,478,56.48,478,41.78Z"></path><path d="M574.24,61.15v4.2H551.48v-4.2L557,60l-2.85-8.13h-16.6l-3.12,8.2,5.42,1.15-.07,4.2-16.53-.07v-4.2l4.27-1.08,14.9-37.33-4-1.29V17.93h13.69L569.3,60Zm-27.57-31-.47-1.56-.47,1.56-6.23,16.73h12.94Z"></path></svg></a> <a data-pp-view="" href="https://give.propublica.org/give/346423/#!/donation/checkout?c_src=UpRed" class="button shape--round-rect svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--red-50); --button-border: none; --button-color: var(--white); --button-font-size: var(--scale-2); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale2); --icon-size: 1em;"> <span class="text font--serif svelte-1qpwxqa">Donate</span> </a></div> <div class="site-header-overlay__wrap-expanded svelte-5qrmpy" data-pp-location="masthead wrap-expanded"> <div class="site-header__section-search svelte-5qrmpy"><form class="search-form svelte-5qrmpy" role="search" action="https://propublica.org/search" method="get"><label class="a11y hed-form hed-site-search" for="search-form__input-text" data-svelte-h="svelte-zdbb25">Search ProPublica:</label> <div class="search-form__input-wrap svelte-5qrmpy"><input placeholder="Search" id="search-form__input-text" class="search-form__input-text svelte-5qrmpy" type="search" value="" name="qss"> <button class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale4); --icon-size: var(--scale0);"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><title>Search</title><circle cx="11" cy="11" r="8"></circle><line x1="21" y1="21" x2="16.65" y2="16.65"></line></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">Search</span> </button></div></form></div> <nav class="site-header__section-links-expanded svelte-5qrmpy" aria-label="Expanded Links" hidden><div class="site-header__links site-header__links-topics svelte-5qrmpy"><strong class="site-header__links-heading svelte-5qrmpy">Topics </strong> <ul class="site-header__links-list svelte-5qrmpy"><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"><span class="icon svelte-5qrmpy"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 15 15" fill="currentColor"><title>Racial Justice</title><path d="M15,12.23v0L14,4.55l.24.06.11,0a.38.38,0,0,0,.36-.27.38.38,0,0,0-.25-.47c-.19-.06-.39-.1-.59-.15a.38.38,0,0,0-.29-.26.37.37,0,0,0-.28.11c-.6-.15-1.21-.28-1.82-.39V1.29A1.29,1.29,0,0,0,10.17,0,1.32,1.32,0,0,0,9.11.57a1.37,1.37,0,0,0-2,.26A1.3,1.3,0,0,0,6.23.51a1.32,1.32,0,0,0-1.12.66A1.13,1.13,0,0,0,4.46,1,1.19,1.19,0,0,0,3.27,2.14V3.25c-.53.1-1,.21-1.57.34a.37.37,0,0,0-.28-.11.38.38,0,0,0-.29.26c-.19,0-.39.09-.58.15a.38.38,0,0,0-.25.47.38.38,0,0,0,.36.27l.11,0L1,4.55,0,12.21v0A2.67,2.67,0,0,0,2.6,15a2.67,2.67,0,0,0,2.57-2.73h0a.19.19,0,0,0,0-.07.13.13,0,0,0,0-.06h0L2,4.27c.41-.1.82-.18,1.24-.25v.37a4,4,0,0,0-.12,1A3.93,3.93,0,0,0,5.21,8.81v1.77a.38.38,0,1,0,.75,0v-2a.39.39,0,0,0-.21-.34A3.19,3.19,0,0,1,3.9,5.39a1.18,1.18,0,0,0,.56.16,1.2,1.2,0,0,0,.8-.32,1.35,1.35,0,0,0,1,.43,1.29,1.29,0,0,0,1-.44,1.29,1.29,0,0,0,.6.32,3.58,3.58,0,0,0-.89.85.37.37,0,0,0,.3.59.39.39,0,0,0,.31-.15A2.81,2.81,0,0,1,9.76,5.61a.38.38,0,0,0,0-.75H8.14a.59.59,0,0,1-.58-.59v-.5h2.82a.73.73,0,0,1,.75.71v.89A3.19,3.19,0,0,1,9.28,8.24a.39.39,0,0,0-.21.34v2a.38.38,0,1,0,.75,0V8.81a3.93,3.93,0,0,0,2.06-3.44V4.48A1.33,1.33,0,0,0,11.8,4c.4.07.79.15,1.18.24L9.87,12.11h0a.13.13,0,0,0,0,.06.25.25,0,0,0,0,.07h0A2.67,2.67,0,0,0,12.41,15,2.67,2.67,0,0,0,15,12.25ZM1.65,5.35l2.59,6.53H.83Zm1,8.9A1.88,1.88,0,0,1,.81,12.63H4.39A1.88,1.88,0,0,1,2.6,14.25ZM4.9,4.36a.44.44,0,0,1-.44.44A.44.44,0,0,1,4,4.36V2.14a.44.44,0,0,1,.44-.44.44.44,0,0,1,.44.44Zm1.91,0a.58.58,0,1,1-1.16,0V2.14a.7.7,0,0,0,0-.14.4.4,0,0,0,0-.15.58.58,0,1,1,1.16,0Zm.73-2.58a.43.43,0,0,0,0-.11.65.65,0,1,1,1.29,0V3H7.56V1.85S7.54,1.78,7.54,1.74ZM9.6,3V1.63s0,0,0-.06,0,0,0,0V1.29a.57.57,0,0,1,1.14,0V3.07a1.49,1.49,0,0,0-.36,0Zm4.58,8.86H10.77l2.59-6.53Zm-1.77,2.37a1.89,1.89,0,0,1-1.79-1.62H14.2A1.88,1.88,0,0,1,12.41,14.25Z"></path></svg> </span> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Racial Justice" href="https://www.propublica.org/topics/racial-justice">Racial Justice</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"><span class="icon svelte-5qrmpy"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 15 15" fill="currentColor"><title>Healthcare</title><path d="M6.77,4.81H6.28a10,10,0,0,1-4.19-.92L.44,3a.67.67,0,0,1-.36-.67.7.7,0,0,1,.49-.6L4.38.65a1.14,1.14,0,0,1,1,.19,1.08,1.08,0,0,1,.42.86.56.56,0,0,0,.54.56h.48a.37.37,0,0,1,.37.37A.38.38,0,0,1,6.77,3H6.29A1.3,1.3,0,0,1,5,1.7a.31.31,0,0,0-.13-.26.31.31,0,0,0-.29-.06L.92,2.43l1.5.79a9.35,9.35,0,0,0,3.86.84h.49a.38.38,0,0,1,0,.75Z"></path><path d="M8.76,4.81H8.29a.38.38,0,1,1,0-.75h.47a9.24,9.24,0,0,0,3.87-.85l1.5-.78L10.45,1.38a.3.3,0,0,0-.27.05.35.35,0,0,0-.13.27A1.3,1.3,0,0,1,8.77,3H8.29a.38.38,0,0,1-.38-.38.37.37,0,0,1,.38-.37h.47A.56.56,0,0,0,9.3,1.7,1.1,1.1,0,0,1,9.72.84a1.08,1.08,0,0,1,.93-.19l3.82,1.1A.7.7,0,0,1,14.61,3L13,3.88A9.92,9.92,0,0,1,8.76,4.81Z"></path><path d="M7.52,13.82a.34.34,0,0,1-.23-.08L6,12.76a1.72,1.72,0,0,1-.61-1.52,1.63,1.63,0,0,1,.77-1.33L9.61,8A.88.88,0,0,0,10,7.33a1.11,1.11,0,0,0-.28-.91l-.33-.29a.38.38,0,1,1,.51-.55l.32.29a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,.52,1.55A1.59,1.59,0,0,1,10,8.65L6.56,10.56a.89.89,0,0,0-.39.74,1,1,0,0,0,.32.87l1.26,1a.39.39,0,0,1,.07.53A.41.41,0,0,1,7.52,13.82Z"></path><path d="M7.53,13.82a.41.41,0,0,1-.3-.14.39.39,0,0,1,.07-.53l1.26-1a1,1,0,0,0,.32-.87.89.89,0,0,0-.39-.74L5.07,8.65a1.62,1.62,0,0,1-.76-1.24,1.82,1.82,0,0,1,.51-1.54l.32-.29a.38.38,0,0,1,.51.55l-.33.3a1.08,1.08,0,0,0-.27.89A.92.92,0,0,0,5.44,8L8.86,9.91a1.63,1.63,0,0,1,.77,1.33A1.72,1.72,0,0,1,9,12.76l-1.26,1A.34.34,0,0,1,7.53,13.82Z"></path><path d="M7.52,15a.37.37,0,0,1-.37-.38V.44A.37.37,0,0,1,7.52.06.38.38,0,0,1,7.9.44V14.57A.38.38,0,0,1,7.52,15Z"></path></svg> </span> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Health Care" href="https://www.propublica.org/topics/health-care">Health Care</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"><span class="icon svelte-5qrmpy"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 15 15" fill="currentColor"><title>Politics</title><path d="M12.54,14.89h-10a.38.38,0,0,1-.38-.37V11a.38.38,0,0,1,.38-.38h10a.38.38,0,0,1,.38.38v3.55A.38.38,0,0,1,12.54,14.89Zm-9.66-.75h9.29v-2.8H2.88Z"></path><path d="M14.52,14.89H.53a.38.38,0,0,1,0-.75h14a.38.38,0,0,1,0,.75Z"></path><path d="M11.71,11.35H3.34A.37.37,0,0,1,3,11V8.7a.38.38,0,0,1,.37-.38h8.37a.37.37,0,0,1,.37.38V11A.36.36,0,0,1,11.71,11.35Zm-8-.75h7.61V9.07H3.72Z"></path><path d="M8.36,5.11A.38.38,0,0,1,8,4.73V3.42H7.07V4.73a.38.38,0,1,1-.75,0V3a.37.37,0,0,1,.37-.37H8.36A.37.37,0,0,1,8.73,3V4.73A.38.38,0,0,1,8.36,5.11Z"></path><path d="M3.84,13.79a.38.38,0,0,1-.38-.37V12.25a.38.38,0,0,1,.75,0v1.17A.38.38,0,0,1,3.84,13.79Z"></path><path d="M5.31,13.79a.38.38,0,0,1-.37-.37V12.25a.38.38,0,0,1,.75,0v1.17A.38.38,0,0,1,5.31,13.79Z"></path><path d="M6.79,13.79a.37.37,0,0,1-.37-.37V12.25a.36.36,0,0,1,.37-.37.37.37,0,0,1,.38.37v1.17A.38.38,0,0,1,6.79,13.79Z"></path><path d="M8.27,13.79a.38.38,0,0,1-.38-.37V12.25a.37.37,0,0,1,.38-.37.36.36,0,0,1,.37.37v1.17A.37.37,0,0,1,8.27,13.79Z"></path><path d="M9.75,13.79a.38.38,0,0,1-.38-.37V12.25a.38.38,0,0,1,.75,0v1.17A.38.38,0,0,1,9.75,13.79Z"></path><path d="M11.22,13.79a.38.38,0,0,1-.37-.37V12.25a.38.38,0,0,1,.75,0v1.17A.38.38,0,0,1,11.22,13.79Z"></path><path d="M7.53,3.42A.37.37,0,0,1,7.16,3V.48A.37.37,0,0,1,7.53.11a.38.38,0,0,1,.38.37V3A.38.38,0,0,1,7.53,3.42Z"></path><path d="M11.72,9.06a.38.38,0,0,1-.38-.37A3.74,3.74,0,0,0,7.53,5,3.74,3.74,0,0,0,3.72,8.69a.38.38,0,0,1-.75,0A4.49,4.49,0,0,1,7.53,4.28a4.49,4.49,0,0,1,4.56,4.41A.37.37,0,0,1,11.72,9.06Z"></path></svg> </span> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Politics" href="https://www.propublica.org/topics/politics">Politics</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"><span class="icon svelte-5qrmpy"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 15 15" fill="currentColor"><title>Criminal Justice</title><path d="M13.48,4h-.11A20.22,20.22,0,0,0,1.76,4a.38.38,0,0,1-.47-.26.37.37,0,0,1,.25-.46,21,21,0,0,1,12.05,0,.37.37,0,0,1-.11.73Z"></path><path d="M10.53,15h-6a.38.38,0,1,1,0-.75h6a.38.38,0,0,1,0,.75Z"></path><path d="M7.5,15a.37.37,0,0,1-.37-.38V.42A.37.37,0,0,1,7.5,0a.38.38,0,0,1,.38.38V14.6A.38.38,0,0,1,7.5,15Z"></path><path d="M5.39,9.89H.46a.37.37,0,0,1-.31-.16.36.36,0,0,1,0-.35L2.57,3.16a.38.38,0,0,1,.35-.24h0a.38.38,0,0,1,.35.23L5.74,9.38a.36.36,0,0,1,0,.35A.37.37,0,0,1,5.39,9.89ZM1,9.14H4.84L2.92,4.31Z"></path><path d="M14.6,9.89H9.67a.37.37,0,0,1-.31-.16.36.36,0,0,1,0-.35l2.46-6.22a.38.38,0,0,1,.35-.24h0a.37.37,0,0,1,.35.23L15,9.38a.36.36,0,0,1,0,.35A.37.37,0,0,1,14.6,9.89Zm-4.38-.75h3.83L12.13,4.31Z"></path><path d="M2.92,11.75A3,3,0,0,1,.1,9.62a.36.36,0,0,1,.06-.33.38.38,0,0,1,.3-.15H5.39a.38.38,0,0,1,.3.15.39.39,0,0,1,.06.33A3,3,0,0,1,2.92,11.75ZM1,9.89A2.21,2.21,0,0,0,2.92,11,2.22,2.22,0,0,0,4.83,9.89Z"></path><path d="M12.13,11.75A3,3,0,0,1,9.3,9.62a.39.39,0,0,1,.06-.33.38.38,0,0,1,.3-.15h4.93a.38.38,0,0,1,.3.15.36.36,0,0,1,.06.33A3,3,0,0,1,12.13,11.75ZM10.22,9.89a2.19,2.19,0,0,0,3.81,0Z"></path></svg> </span> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Criminal Justice" href="https://www.propublica.org/topics/criminal-justice">Criminal Justice</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="more…" href="https://www.propublica.org/topics/">more…</a> </li></ul> </div><div class="site-header__links site-header__links-region svelte-5qrmpy"><strong class="site-header__links-heading svelte-5qrmpy">Browse by Place </strong> <ul class="site-header__links-list svelte-5qrmpy"><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Midwest" href="https://www.propublica.org/midwest/">Midwest</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Northwest" href="https://www.propublica.org/northwest/">Northwest</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="South" href="https://www.propublica.org/south/">South</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Southwest" href="https://www.propublica.org/southwest/">Southwest</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Texas" href="https://www.propublica.org/texas/">Texas</a> </li></ul> </div><div class="site-header__links site-header__links-type svelte-5qrmpy"><strong class="site-header__links-heading svelte-5qrmpy">Type </strong> <ul class="site-header__links-list svelte-5qrmpy"><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Graphics & Data" href="https://www.propublica.org/newsapps/">Graphics & Data</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Newsletters" href="https://www.propublica.org/newsletters/">Newsletters</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/">Series</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Videos" href="https://www.propublica.org/video/">Videos</a> </li></ul> </div><div class="site-header__links site-header__links-special svelte-5qrmpy"> <ul class="site-header__links-list svelte-5qrmpy"><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Local Reporting Network" href="https://www.propublica.org/local-reporting-network/">Local Reporting Network</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Electionland" href="https://www.propublica.org/electionland/">Electionland</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Data Store" href="https://www.propublica.org/datastore/">Data Store</a> </li></ul> </div><div class="site-header__links site-header__links-info svelte-5qrmpy"><strong class="site-header__links-heading svelte-5qrmpy">Info </strong> <ul class="site-header__links-list svelte-5qrmpy"><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="About Us" href="https://www.propublica.org/about/">About Us</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Impact" href="https://www.propublica.org/impact/">Impact</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Jobs & Fellowships" href="https://www.propublica.org/jobs/">Jobs & Fellowships</a> </li><li class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a class="site-header__link svelte-5qrmpy" data-link="Contact Us" href="https://www.propublica.org/contact/">Contact Us</a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="site-header__links site-header__links-follow svelte-5qrmpy"><strong class="site-header__links-heading svelte-5qrmpy" data-svelte-h="svelte-19sje8q">Follow ProPublica</strong> <ul class="site-header__links-list site-header__links-list-follow svelte-5qrmpy"><li data-link="Bluesky" class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/propublica.org" class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><title>Bluesky</title><path d="M5.20079 2.42542C7.95442 4.48593 10.9155 8.67296 12 10.9221C13.0845 8.67768 16.0456 4.49064 18.7992 2.42542C20.7843 0.935439 24 -0.215052 24 3.45332C24 4.18416 23.5804 9.60656 23.3352 10.4883C22.477 13.5437 19.3556 14.3264 16.5784 13.8502C21.4303 14.6753 22.6656 17.4101 19.9969 20.1449C14.9328 25.3409 12.7214 18.8435 12.1556 17.179C12.0754 16.948 12.033 16.8113 12 16.8113C11.967 16.8113 11.9246 16.9527 11.8444 17.179C11.2786 18.8435 9.06248 25.3409 4.00314 20.1449C1.3391 17.4101 2.56974 14.6753 7.42161 13.8502C4.6444 14.3264 1.52299 13.5437 0.669548 10.4836C0.419646 9.60184 0 4.17945 0 3.4486C0 -0.219767 3.21572 0.930724 5.20079 2.4207V2.42542Z"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">Bluesky</span> </a></li> <li data-link="Instagram" class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/propublica" class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><title>Instagram</title><path d="M12,2.32c3.15,0,3.53,0,4.77.07a6.51,6.51,0,0,1,2.19.4,3.58,3.58,0,0,1,1.36.89A3.58,3.58,0,0,1,21.21,5a6.51,6.51,0,0,1,.4,2.19c.06,1.24.07,1.62.07,4.77s0,3.53-.07,4.77a6.51,6.51,0,0,1-.4,2.19A4,4,0,0,1,19,21.21a6.51,6.51,0,0,1-2.19.4c-1.24.06-1.62.07-4.77.07s-3.53,0-4.77-.07A6.51,6.51,0,0,1,5,21.21a3.58,3.58,0,0,1-1.36-.89A3.58,3.58,0,0,1,2.79,19a6.51,6.51,0,0,1-.4-2.19c-.06-1.24-.07-1.62-.07-4.77s0-3.53.07-4.77A6.51,6.51,0,0,1,2.79,5a3.58,3.58,0,0,1,.89-1.36A3.58,3.58,0,0,1,5,2.79a6.51,6.51,0,0,1,2.19-.4c1.24-.06,1.62-.07,4.77-.07M12,.19C8.79.19,8.39.2,7.13.26A8.84,8.84,0,0,0,4.26.81,6,6,0,0,0,.81,4.26,8.84,8.84,0,0,0,.26,7.13C.2,8.39.19,8.79.19,12s0,3.61.07,4.87a8.84,8.84,0,0,0,.55,2.87,6,6,0,0,0,3.45,3.45,8.84,8.84,0,0,0,2.87.55c1.26.06,1.66.07,4.87.07s3.61,0,4.87-.07a8.84,8.84,0,0,0,2.87-.55,6,6,0,0,0,3.45-3.45,8.84,8.84,0,0,0,.55-2.87c.06-1.26.07-1.66.07-4.87s0-3.61-.07-4.87a8.84,8.84,0,0,0-.55-2.87A6,6,0,0,0,19.74.81,8.84,8.84,0,0,0,16.87.26C15.61.2,15.21.19,12,.19Z"></path><path d="M12,5.94A6.06,6.06,0,1,0,18.06,12,6.06,6.06,0,0,0,12,5.94Zm0,10A3.94,3.94,0,1,1,15.94,12,3.95,3.95,0,0,1,12,15.94Z"></path><circle cx="18.3" cy="5.7" r="1.42"></circle></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">Instagram</span> </a></li> <li data-link="Facebook" class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/propublica/" class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><title>Facebook</title><path d="M8.25 14.0297V24H13.6875V14.0297H17.7422L18.5859 9.44531H13.6875V7.82344C13.6875 5.4 14.6391 4.47188 17.0953 4.47188C17.8594 4.47188 18.4734 4.49062 18.8297 4.52812V0.370313C18.1594 0.1875 16.5187 0 15.5719 0C10.5609 0 8.25 2.36719 8.25 7.47187V9.44531H5.15625V14.0297H8.25Z"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">Facebook</span> </a></li> <li data-link="Twitter" class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a href="https://x.com/propublica" class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><title>X</title><path d="M18.2439 2.25H21.5532L14.3251 10.5094L22.8282 21.75H16.172L10.9548 14.9344L4.99229 21.75H1.67822L9.40791 12.9141L1.25635 2.25H8.08135L12.7923 8.47969L18.2439 2.25ZM17.0813 19.7719H18.9142L7.08291 4.125H5.11416L17.0813 19.7719Z"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">(Twitter)</span> </a></li> <li data-link="YouTube" class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/propublica" class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><title>YouTube</title><path d="M24 12C24 20 24 20 12 20C0 20 0 20 0 12C0 4 0 4 12 4C24 4 24 4 24 12ZM16.5 12L9 7.76471V16.2353L16.5 12Z"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">YouTube</span> </a></li> <li data-link="Threads" class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a href="https://www.threads.net/@propublica" class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><title>Threads</title><path d="M17.0391 11.0484C17.1422 11.0906 17.2359 11.1375 17.3344 11.1797C18.7031 11.8406 19.7063 12.8297 20.2313 14.0578C20.9672 15.7687 21.0375 18.5484 18.8109 20.7703C17.1141 22.4672 15.0469 23.2313 12.1266 23.2547H12.1125C8.82187 23.2313 6.29531 22.125 4.59375 19.9641C3.07969 18.0422 2.30156 15.3656 2.27344 12.0141V12V11.9906C2.29688 8.63906 3.075 5.9625 4.58906 4.04062C6.29063 1.87969 8.82187 0.773438 12.1125 0.75H12.1266C15.4219 0.773438 17.9812 1.875 19.7344 4.02656C20.5969 5.09063 21.2344 6.37031 21.6375 7.85625L19.7438 8.3625C19.4109 7.15312 18.9094 6.12188 18.2344 5.29688C16.8656 3.61875 14.8125 2.75625 12.1172 2.7375C9.44531 2.76094 7.425 3.61875 6.10781 5.2875C4.87969 6.84844 4.24219 9.10781 4.21875 12C4.24219 14.8922 4.87969 17.1516 6.10781 18.7172C7.42031 20.3859 9.44531 21.2438 12.1172 21.2672C14.5266 21.2484 16.1203 20.6766 17.4469 19.35C18.9609 17.8406 18.9328 15.9844 18.45 14.8547C18.1641 14.1891 17.6484 13.6359 16.9547 13.2188C16.7813 14.4797 16.4016 15.4828 15.7969 16.2562C14.9953 17.2781 13.8563 17.8313 12.3891 17.9109C11.2828 17.9719 10.2187 17.7047 9.39375 17.1609C8.41875 16.5141 7.84688 15.5297 7.78594 14.3812C7.66875 12.1172 9.45938 10.4906 12.2484 10.3312C13.2375 10.275 14.1656 10.3172 15.0234 10.4625C14.9109 9.76875 14.6812 9.21563 14.3391 8.8125C13.8703 8.26406 13.1391 7.98281 12.1734 7.97812H12.1406C11.3625 7.97812 10.3125 8.19375 9.64219 9.21094L8.02969 8.10469C8.92969 6.74062 10.3875 5.99063 12.1453 5.99063H12.1828C15.1172 6.00938 16.8656 7.84219 17.0438 11.0391L17.0344 11.0484H17.0391ZM9.72656 14.2734C9.7875 15.45 11.0578 15.9984 12.2859 15.9281C13.4859 15.8625 14.8453 15.3938 15.075 12.4969C14.4563 12.3609 13.7719 12.2906 13.0406 12.2906C12.8156 12.2906 12.5906 12.2953 12.3656 12.3094C10.3547 12.4219 9.68438 13.3969 9.73125 14.2687L9.72656 14.2734Z"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">Threads</span> </a></li> <li data-link="LinkedIn" class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/propublica/posts/" class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>LinkedIn</title><path d="M6.65548 8.41229H2.64045C2.46226 8.41229 2.31787 8.55674 2.31787 8.73487V21.6335C2.31787 21.8116 2.46226 21.956 2.64045 21.956H6.65548C6.83368 21.956 6.97806 21.8116 6.97806 21.6335V8.73487C6.97806 8.55674 6.83368 8.41229 6.65548 8.41229Z"></path><path d="M4.64942 2C3.18852 2 2 3.18723 2 4.64652C2 6.10645 3.18852 7.29413 4.64942 7.29413C6.10916 7.29413 7.29671 6.10639 7.29671 4.64652C7.29677 3.18723 6.10916 2 4.64942 2Z"></path><path d="M16.868 8.09167C15.2554 8.09167 14.0634 8.7849 13.3403 9.57258V8.73484C13.3403 8.55671 13.1959 8.41226 13.0177 8.41226H9.17265C8.99445 8.41226 8.85007 8.55671 8.85007 8.73484V21.6334C8.85007 21.8116 8.99445 21.956 9.17265 21.956H13.1789C13.3571 21.956 13.5015 21.8116 13.5015 21.6334V15.2516C13.5015 13.1011 14.0856 12.2633 15.5847 12.2633C17.2174 12.2633 17.3471 13.6064 17.3471 15.3623V21.6335C17.3471 21.8117 17.4915 21.9561 17.6697 21.9561H21.6774C21.8556 21.9561 22 21.8117 22 21.6335V14.5584C22 11.3606 21.3903 8.09167 16.868 8.09167Z"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">LinkedIn</span> </a></li> <li data-link="RSS" class="svelte-5qrmpy"> <a href="https://www.propublica.org/feeds/propublica/main" class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: var(--cool-70); --button-border: none; --button-color: white; --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>RSS</title><path d="M20 19.6598C20 19.75 19.9642 19.8365 19.9004 19.9002C19.8367 19.964 19.7502 19.9998 19.66 19.9998H17.3401C17.2499 19.9998 17.1635 19.964 17.0997 19.9002C17.0359 19.8365 17.0001 19.75 17.0001 19.6598C17.0022 18.5247 16.8508 17.3945 16.5501 16.3C16.2604 15.2486 15.8334 14.2399 15.2802 13.3001C14.7244 12.3657 14.0524 11.5055 13.2803 10.7402C12.5149 9.96799 11.6548 9.29599 10.7204 8.74024C9.77847 8.19108 8.77037 7.76432 7.72047 7.47029C6.62038 7.16109 5.48333 7.00298 4.3406 7.00031C4.29566 7.00271 4.25076 6.99497 4.20921 6.97766C4.16767 6.96035 4.13055 6.93392 4.10061 6.90032C4.06701 6.87038 4.04058 6.83326 4.02327 6.79172C4.00596 6.75017 3.99822 6.70527 4.00062 6.66033V4.34041C3.99822 4.29547 4.00596 4.25057 4.02327 4.20902C4.04058 4.16748 4.06701 4.13036 4.10061 4.10042C4.13055 4.06682 4.16767 4.04039 4.20921 4.02308C4.25076 4.00577 4.29566 3.99803 4.3406 4.00043C5.746 4.00053 7.14505 4.18886 8.50044 4.56041C9.81129 4.91981 11.0688 5.45106 12.2403 6.14035C13.3965 6.81934 14.4616 7.64258 15.4102 8.59025C16.3578 9.53878 17.1811 10.6039 17.8601 11.7601C18.5494 12.9316 19.0806 14.1891 19.44 15.5C19.8116 16.8554 19.9999 18.2544 20 19.6598ZM15.0002 19.6598C15.0002 19.75 14.9644 19.8365 14.9006 19.9002C14.8369 19.964 14.7504 19.9998 14.6602 19.9998H12.3403C12.2501 19.9998 12.1636 19.964 12.0999 19.9002C12.0361 19.8365 12.0003 19.75 12.0003 19.6598C12.0074 18.6284 11.7997 17.6067 11.3903 16.6599C10.6228 14.8248 9.15935 13.3686 7.32049 12.6101C6.37989 12.2034 5.36534 11.9958 4.3406 12.0001C4.29566 12.0025 4.25076 11.9948 4.20921 11.9775C4.16767 11.9602 4.13055 11.9337 4.10061 11.9001C4.06701 11.8702 4.04058 11.8331 4.02327 11.7915C4.00596 11.75 3.99822 11.7051 4.00062 11.6601V9.34022C3.99822 9.29528 4.00596 9.25037 4.02327 9.20883C4.04058 9.16729 4.06701 9.13017 4.10061 9.10023C4.13055 9.06663 4.16767 9.04019 4.20921 9.02288C4.25076 9.00557 4.29566 8.99783 4.3406 9.00023C5.29329 9.00091 6.24162 9.1287 7.1605 9.38022C8.05554 9.62739 8.91568 9.98691 9.7204 10.4502C10.5061 10.9162 11.2315 11.4771 11.8803 12.1201C12.5233 12.769 13.0842 13.4944 13.5502 14.28C14.0135 15.0847 14.373 15.9449 14.6202 16.8399C14.8717 17.7588 14.9995 18.7071 15.0002 19.6598ZM9.00042 17.4999C9.0038 17.8288 8.94091 18.155 8.81549 18.4591C8.69008 18.7632 8.50471 19.0389 8.27045 19.2698C8.04096 19.506 7.7655 19.6926 7.46109 19.8181C7.15667 19.9437 6.82976 20.0055 6.50052 19.9998C6.17104 20.0073 5.84359 19.9463 5.53891 19.8207C5.23424 19.695 4.95899 19.5074 4.73059 19.2698C4.493 19.0414 4.30543 18.7662 4.17977 18.4615C4.05412 18.1568 3.99311 17.8294 4.00062 17.4999C3.99492 17.1707 4.05675 16.8438 4.1823 16.5393C4.30785 16.2349 4.49445 15.9595 4.73059 15.73C4.9615 15.4957 5.23721 15.3103 5.5413 15.1849C5.84538 15.0595 6.17161 14.9966 6.50052 15C6.82881 14.997 7.15425 15.061 7.45689 15.1883C7.75953 15.3155 8.03297 15.5033 8.26045 15.74C8.49717 15.9675 8.68491 16.2409 8.81215 16.5435C8.9394 16.8462 9.00346 17.1716 9.00042 17.4999Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">RSS</span> </a></li></ul></div> </nav> </div> </div>  <main class="content" id="main"> <div class="people-listing | stack stack--row stack--spacing-gutter stack--collapse-below-lg"> <div class="people-listing-sidebar"> <header class="people-listing-header | stack stack--col stack--spacing1 stack--align-center"> <img class="people-listing-header__portrait" alt="Photo of T. Christian Miller" width="400" height="400" src="https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org/images/bio/T.-Christian-Miller-1x1.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=800&q=75&w=800&s=decbcedfe4fd584d9d0c5b054feb134b" srcset="https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org/images/bio/T.-Christian-Miller-1x1.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=400&q=75&w=400&s=4345b2bcf557d016d3f4d1841d491833 400w, https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org/images/bio/T.-Christian-Miller-1x1.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=800&q=75&w=800&s=decbcedfe4fd584d9d0c5b054feb134b 800w, https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org/images/bio/T.-Christian-Miller-1x1.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=1200&q=75&w=1200&s=404fc5b2137c79732650dcc73c6b7e95 1200w, https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org/images/bio/T.-Christian-Miller-1x1.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=1300&q=75&w=1300&s=5838c017306bd374e5b1761d9e2e7e3a 1300w, https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org/images/bio/T.-Christian-Miller-1x1.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=1450&q=75&w=1450&s=327b830dd1572a74d2022e0ff85dae8a 1450w, https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org/images/bio/T.-Christian-Miller-1x1.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=1600&q=75&w=1600&s=d47d7d108b3b014d273f5e17dce43727 1600w, https://img.assets-c3.propublica.org/images/bio/T.-Christian-Miller-1x1.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=2000&q=75&w=2000&s=fded305c767f3fc2a52bfb0077e836db 2000w" /> <div class="stack stack--col stack--spacing-1 stack--align-center"> <h2 class="people-listing-header__hed">T. Christian Miller</h2> <p class="people-listing-header__bio-short">I’m a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter dedicated to accountability, transparency and data-driven journalism.</p> </div> <ul class="people-listing-header__social | stack stack--row stack--spacing-2"> <li> <a class="btn btn--icon-only btn--circular" style="--button-color: var(--color-neutral-10); --button-text-color: var(--color-neutral-full);" title="X (Twitter)" href="https://twitter.com/txtianmiller" > <span class="icon" style="--icon-size: 1.25em"> <svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"> <title>X</title> <path d="M18.2439 2.25H21.5532L14.3251 10.5094L22.8282 21.75H16.172L10.9548 14.9344L4.99229 21.75H1.67822L9.40791 12.9141L1.25635 2.25H8.08135L12.7923 8.47969L18.2439 2.25ZM17.0813 19.7719H18.9142L7.08291 4.125H5.11416L17.0813 19.7719Z"/> </svg> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="btn btn--icon-only btn--black btn--circular" style="--button-color: var(--color-neutral-10); --button-text-color: var(--color-neutral-full);" title="Bluesky" href="https://bsky.app/profile/tchristianmiller.bsky.social" > <span class="icon" style="--icon-size: 1.25em"> <svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"> <title>Bluesky</title> <path d="M5.20079 2.42542C7.95442 4.48593 10.9155 8.67296 12 10.9221C13.0845 8.67768 16.0456 4.49064 18.7992 2.42542C20.7843 0.935439 24 -0.215052 24 3.45332C24 4.18416 23.5804 9.60656 23.3352 10.4883C22.477 13.5437 19.3556 14.3264 16.5784 13.8502C21.4303 14.6753 22.6656 17.4101 19.9969 20.1449C14.9328 25.3409 12.7214 18.8435 12.1556 17.179C12.0754 16.948 12.033 16.8113 12 16.8113C11.967 16.8113 11.9246 16.9527 11.8444 17.179C11.2786 18.8435 9.06248 25.3409 4.00314 20.1449C1.3391 17.4101 2.56974 14.6753 7.42161 13.8502C4.6444 14.3264 1.52299 13.5437 0.669548 10.4836C0.419646 9.60184 0 4.17945 0 3.4486C0 -0.219767 3.21572 0.930724 5.20079 2.4207V2.42542Z"/> </svg> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="btn btn--icon-only btn--black btn--circular" style="--button-color: var(--color-neutral-10); --button-text-color: var(--color-neutral-full);" title="Threads" href="https://www.threads.net/@tchristianmiller" > <span class="icon" style="--icon-size: 1.25em"> <svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"> <title>Threads</title> <path d="M17.0391 11.0484C17.1422 11.0906 17.2359 11.1375 17.3344 11.1797C18.7031 11.8406 19.7063 12.8297 20.2313 14.0578C20.9672 15.7687 21.0375 18.5484 18.8109 20.7703C17.1141 22.4672 15.0469 23.2313 12.1266 23.2547H12.1125C8.82187 23.2313 6.29531 22.125 4.59375 19.9641C3.07969 18.0422 2.30156 15.3656 2.27344 12.0141V12V11.9906C2.29688 8.63906 3.075 5.9625 4.58906 4.04062C6.29063 1.87969 8.82187 0.773438 12.1125 0.75H12.1266C15.4219 0.773438 17.9812 1.875 19.7344 4.02656C20.5969 5.09063 21.2344 6.37031 21.6375 7.85625L19.7438 8.3625C19.4109 7.15312 18.9094 6.12188 18.2344 5.29688C16.8656 3.61875 14.8125 2.75625 12.1172 2.7375C9.44531 2.76094 7.425 3.61875 6.10781 5.2875C4.87969 6.84844 4.24219 9.10781 4.21875 12C4.24219 14.8922 4.87969 17.1516 6.10781 18.7172C7.42031 20.3859 9.44531 21.2438 12.1172 21.2672C14.5266 21.2484 16.1203 20.6766 17.4469 19.35C18.9609 17.8406 18.9328 15.9844 18.45 14.8547C18.1641 14.1891 17.6484 13.6359 16.9547 13.2188C16.7813 14.4797 16.4016 15.4828 15.7969 16.2562C14.9953 17.2781 13.8563 17.8313 12.3891 17.9109C11.2828 17.9719 10.2187 17.7047 9.39375 17.1609C8.41875 16.5141 7.84688 15.5297 7.78594 14.3812C7.66875 12.1172 9.45938 10.4906 12.2484 10.3312C13.2375 10.275 14.1656 10.3172 15.0234 10.4625C14.9109 9.76875 14.6812 9.21563 14.3391 8.8125C13.8703 8.26406 13.1391 7.98281 12.1734 7.97812H12.1406C11.3625 7.97812 10.3125 8.19375 9.64219 9.21094L8.02969 8.10469C8.92969 6.74062 10.3875 5.99063 12.1453 5.99063H12.1828C15.1172 6.00938 16.8656 7.84219 17.0438 11.0391L17.0344 11.0484H17.0391ZM9.72656 14.2734C9.7875 15.45 11.0578 15.9984 12.2859 15.9281C13.4859 15.8625 14.8453 15.3938 15.075 12.4969C14.4563 12.3609 13.7719 12.2906 13.0406 12.2906C12.8156 12.2906 12.5906 12.2953 12.3656 12.3094C10.3547 12.4219 9.68438 13.3969 9.73125 14.2687L9.72656 14.2734Z"/> </svg> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="btn btn--icon-only btn--black btn--circular" style="--button-color: var(--color-neutral-10); --button-text-color: var(--color-neutral-full);" title="LinkedIn" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/t-christian-miller-871832b" > <span class="icon" style="--icon-size: 1.25em"> <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>LinkedIn</title> <path d="M6.65548 8.41229H2.64045C2.46226 8.41229 2.31787 8.55674 2.31787 8.73487V21.6335C2.31787 21.8116 2.46226 21.956 2.64045 21.956H6.65548C6.83368 21.956 6.97806 21.8116 6.97806 21.6335V8.73487C6.97806 8.55674 6.83368 8.41229 6.65548 8.41229Z"/> <path d="M4.64942 2C3.18852 2 2 3.18723 2 4.64652C2 6.10645 3.18852 7.29413 4.64942 7.29413C6.10916 7.29413 7.29671 6.10639 7.29671 4.64652C7.29677 3.18723 6.10916 2 4.64942 2Z"/> <path d="M16.868 8.09167C15.2554 8.09167 14.0634 8.7849 13.3403 9.57258V8.73484C13.3403 8.55671 13.1959 8.41226 13.0177 8.41226H9.17265C8.99445 8.41226 8.85007 8.55671 8.85007 8.73484V21.6334C8.85007 21.8116 8.99445 21.956 9.17265 21.956H13.1789C13.3571 21.956 13.5015 21.8116 13.5015 21.6334V15.2516C13.5015 13.1011 14.0856 12.2633 15.5847 12.2633C17.2174 12.2633 17.3471 13.6064 17.3471 15.3623V21.6335C17.3471 21.8117 17.4915 21.9561 17.6697 21.9561H21.6774C21.8556 21.9561 22 21.8117 22 21.6335V14.5584C22 11.3606 21.3903 8.09167 16.868 8.09167Z"/> </svg> </span> </a> </li> </ul>  </header> <div class="people-listing-contact"> <div class="stack stack--row stack--justify-between stack--align-center"> <h3 class="people-listing-contact__hed"> Have a Tip for a Story? </h3> <script type="application/json" class="svelte-config"> { "componentName": "ContactTools", "props": { "emailAddress": "T.Christian.Miller@propublica.org", "signalNumber": "", "signalUsername": "tchristianmiller.99", "phoneNumber": "202-361-0696", "buttonText": "Contact Me", "buttonProps": {"bgColor":"var(--color-text-hed)","shape":"round-rect","textColor":"var(--color-bg)","textSize":"var(--scale-2)"} }, "contextArray": [] } </script> <div class="contact-tools" data-pp-click data-pp-location="contact tools"> <button class="button shape--pill svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" role="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" id="N1E0_b9fNN" data-melt-popover-trigger="" data-popover-trigger="" style="--button-bg-color: var(--color-neutral-10); --button-border: none; --button-color: var(--color-neutral-70); --button-font-size: var(--scale-2); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: 1em;"> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa">Contact Me</span> </button> </div>  </div> <p class="people-listing-contact__prompt">I am interested in hearing from insiders and whistleblowers — people who know how their organizations work and what is going wrong. I welcome documents and data that deliver concrete evidence.</p> </div> <div class="people-listing-bio">  <div class="people-listing-bio__text"> <h3>What I Cover</h3> <p>I’m a longtime investigative reporter who writes frequently about the military, veterans and international affairs. It’s my job to shine light in dark places.</p> <h3>My Background</h3> <p>I’ve worked as a journalist for 30 years, covering war, politics and abuses of power in the U.S. and abroad. My work, in collaboration with colleagues, has been recognized with two Pulitzer Prizes and three Emmy Awards. I have extensive experience with public records and data-driven reporting. I focus on writing in-depth narrative investigations to engage readers and help them understand their world.</p> <p>I have a passion for mentoring investigative journalists and have served as an adjunct professor at UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism. I’ve been a member and treasurer of the Board of Directors for Investigative Reporters & Editors. In 2011, I was selected to be a Knight Fellow at Stanford University.</p> <p>I’ve written two books: “Blood Money: Wasted Billions, Lost Lives and Corporate Greed in Iraq” and “A False Report: A True Story of Rape in America.” My work with my colleague Ken Armstrong was the basis for the Netflix miniseries “Unbelievable,” which won a Peabody Award and attracted 32 million viewers worldwide.</p> <p>While on staff at the Los Angeles Times, I was a foreign correspondent based in Bogotá, Colombia, where I covered the guerrilla conflict and its connection to Washington’s war on drugs. While there, I was briefly captured and held hostage by leftist guerrillas. I graduated from the University of California, Berkeley with highest honors. I am based in the San Francisco Bay area.</p> <h3>My Commitment to Sources</h3> <p>I pride myself on my ability to report sensitive stories with compassion and rigor. I keep my word and fiercely protect my sources.</p> <h3>My Commitment to Ethics</h3> <p>I am deeply committed to fair, honest and ethical reporting. I don’t take shortcuts or cheap shots. I subscribe to ProPublica’s <a href="https://www.propublica.org/code-of-ethics">Code of Conduct</a>. The trust of my readers is paramount.</p> </div>  </div>  </div> <div class="people-listing-stories"> <div class="people-listing-featured-stories"> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://features.propublica.org/navy-accidents/uss-fitzgerald-destroyer-crash-crystal/"> <img alt="" src="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/externals/_threeTwo400w/20200504-fight-the-ship-captain-recrop-3x2.jpg" width="400" height="267" srcset="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/externals/_threeTwo400w/20200504-fight-the-ship-captain-recrop-3x2.jpg 400w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/externals/_threeTwo800w/20200504-fight-the-ship-captain-recrop-3x2.jpg 800w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/externals/_threeTwo1200w/20200504-fight-the-ship-captain-recrop-3x2.jpg 1200w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/externals/_threeTwo1600w/20200504-fight-the-ship-captain-recrop-3x2.jpg 1600w " loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/navy-accidents-pacific-7th-fleet">Disaster in the Pacific</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://features.propublica.org/navy-accidents/uss-fitzgerald-destroyer-crash-crystal/"> Death and Valor on an American Warship Doomed by its Own Navy </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > Investigation finds officials ignored warnings for years before one of the deadliest crashes in decades. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/megan-rose">Megan Rose</a> and <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/robert-faturechi">Robert Faturechi</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2019-02-06EST05:00">Feb. 6, 2019, 5 a.m. EST</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/evicore-health-insurance-denials-cigna-unitedhealthcare-aetna-prior-authorizations"> <img alt="" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%273%27%20height%3D%272%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" srcset="https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20241022-evicore-denials1x1a.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=267&q=75&w=400&s=785886dbd153e233d798d7d701c1b979 400w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20241022-evicore-denials1x1a.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=533&q=75&w=800&s=fc844b47f697cb4edf582ac29e43519d 800w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20241022-evicore-denials1x1a.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=800&q=75&w=1200&s=690a0930ef2ad473484e51e94b6a37db 1200w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20241022-evicore-denials1x1a.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=1067&q=75&w=1600&s=6813d2b3ac3cb39a2b35c4f00a351616 1600w" width="400" height="267" loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/uncovered">Uncovered</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/evicore-health-insurance-denials-cigna-unitedhealthcare-aetna-prior-authorizations"> “Not Medically Necessary”: Inside the Company Helping America’s Biggest Health Insurers Deny Coverage for Care </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > When companies like Aetna or UnitedHealthcare want to rein in costs, they turn to EviCore, whose business model depends on turning down payments for care recommended by doctors for their patients. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, ProPublica; <span class="name">Patrick Rucker</span>, <a href="https://thecapitolforum.com/">The Capitol Forum</a>; and <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/david-armstrong">David Armstrong</a>, ProPublica, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2024-10-23EDT13:30">Oct. 23, 2024, 1:30 p.m. EDT</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/firestone-and-the-warlord-intro"> <img alt="" width="400" height="267" src="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/legacy/images/_threeTwo400w/20141118-firestone-gianni-630x420.jpg" loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/firestone-and-the-warlord">Firestone and the Warlord</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/firestone-and-the-warlord-intro"> Firestone and the Warlord </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > In the first detailed examination of the relationship between Firestone and Liberian warlord Charles Taylor, this ProPublica/Frontline investigation lays bare the role of a global corporation in a brutal African conflict. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2014-11-18EST10:20">Nov. 18, 2014, 10:20 a.m. EST</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/false-rape-accusations-an-unbelievable-story"> <img alt="" width="400" height="267" src="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/legacy/images/_threeTwo400w/20151216-marie-story-630x420.jpg" loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/an-unbelievable-story-of-rape">Unbelievable</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/false-rape-accusations-an-unbelievable-story"> An Unbelievable Story of Rape </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > An 18-year-old said she was attacked at knifepoint. Then she said she made it up. That’s where our story begins. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, ProPublica, and <span class="name">Ken Armstrong</span>, <a href="https://www.themarshallproject.org/">The Marshall Project</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2015-12-16EST08:15">Dec. 16, 2015, 8:15 a.m. EST</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="listing-river | stack stack--col"> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/no-surprises-act-health-insurance-premiums-doctors-health-care"> <img alt="" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%273%27%20height%3D%272%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" srcset="https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/NoSurprisesLede_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=267&q=75&w=400&s=f9b061aa362ab82b6a53705c825af20e 400w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/NoSurprisesLede_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=533&q=75&w=800&s=1891e3a3d8edcb9875507d1c9993eac3 800w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/NoSurprisesLede_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=800&q=75&w=1200&s=f804237e5123e1bc1e3db5f25f1ba8d4 1200w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/NoSurprisesLede_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=1067&q=75&w=1600&s=24b2a8f9ff1cf389c0d1ba95a454eb9c 1600w" width="400" height="267" loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/no-surprises-act-health-insurance-premiums-doctors-health-care"> Some Surprises in the No Surprises Act </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > A law to protect individual patients from sky-high medical bills has already helped millions of Americans but may result in higher health insurance premiums for all. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2024-06-28EDT05:00">June 28, 2024, 5 a.m. EDT</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/united-nations-cash-afghanistan-following-taliban-takeover"> <img alt="" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%273%27%20height%3D%272%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" srcset="https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/Da-Afghanistan-Bank-Lead_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5012&fp-y=0.2612&h=267&q=75&w=400&s=205786555f1686480e75724f7cd2c842 400w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/Da-Afghanistan-Bank-Lead_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5012&fp-y=0.2612&h=533&q=75&w=800&s=6c910c34c29d5a01d7185c962278ad1d 800w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/Da-Afghanistan-Bank-Lead_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5012&fp-y=0.2612&h=800&q=75&w=1200&s=f2b885908f944b6ceffd44e113f6bb2d 1200w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/Da-Afghanistan-Bank-Lead_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5012&fp-y=0.2612&h=1067&q=75&w=1600&s=cc1179492dc578d5cd880913b38db377 1600w" width="400" height="267" loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/united-nations-cash-afghanistan-following-taliban-takeover"> U.N. Has Flown More Than $2.9 Billion in Cash to Afghanistan Since the Taliban Seized Power, Diverting U.S. Funds </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > The U.S. State Department has previously said that no U.S. funds went to the militant group, but a new federal report indicates that some taxpayer money has ended up in the Taliban-controlled central bank of Afghanistan. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2024-03-20EDT06:00">March 20, 2024, 6 a.m. EDT</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/cms-proposal-will-increase-fees-access-medicare-medicaid-health-care-data"> <img alt="" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%273%27%20height%3D%272%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" srcset="https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20240214-healthcare-data-access3x2_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=267&q=75&w=400&s=059cec77c26acf1114914c4320ff4b32 400w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20240214-healthcare-data-access3x2_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=533&q=75&w=800&s=6210cdfab90fd770394e0c3711ab9dfc 800w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20240214-healthcare-data-access3x2_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=800&q=75&w=1200&s=fd27c6749d3f4de1dd31d76efb98f2c1 1200w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20240214-healthcare-data-access3x2_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=1067&q=75&w=1600&s=375c322e94ec2d8f05a41c673e25829c 1600w" width="400" height="267" loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/uncovered">Uncovered</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/cms-proposal-will-increase-fees-access-medicare-medicaid-health-care-data"> After Promising to Make Government Health Care Data More Accessible, the Biden Administration Now Wants to Clamp Down </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > Researchers across the country fear a new proposal by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services will increase fees and decrease access to data used to support major health care reforms. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2024-02-15EST06:00">Feb. 15, 2024, 6 a.m. EST</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/mexico-amlo-demands-apology-from-biden-propublica-cartel-campaign"> <img alt="" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%273%27%20height%3D%272%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" srcset="https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/GettyImages-1963637049_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.302&h=267&q=75&w=400&s=5713a7e3b52eca5bead92fee03242788 400w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/GettyImages-1963637049_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.302&h=533&q=75&w=800&s=5e5b899eef0ec9084396d832d2b5a31a 800w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/GettyImages-1963637049_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.302&h=800&q=75&w=1200&s=4abe8282f7315700f13cb0f7489890f9 1200w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/GettyImages-1963637049_maxWidth_3000_maxHeight_3000_ppi_72_quality_95_embedColorProfile_true.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.302&h=1067&q=75&w=1600&s=7acf2ea83cb77be39e17e6a5c50c0b70 1600w" width="400" height="267" loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/mexico-amlo-demands-apology-from-biden-propublica-cartel-campaign"> Mexican President Demands Apology From Biden After ProPublica Story on Suspected Cartel Campaign Donation </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > President Andrés Manuel López Obrador of Mexico calls a ProPublica reporter a “mercenary” after our report on a DEA investigation that found drug money may have played a role in his first presidential campaign. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2024-02-03EST05:00">Feb. 3, 2024, 5 a.m. EST</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/blue-cross-proton-therapy-cancer-lawyer-denial"> <img alt="" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%273%27%20height%3D%272%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" srcset="https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20231101-Villasana-Denials-13-Edit_PDedit.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=267&q=75&w=400&s=11f6e68512ca7d92ef5cc9e51c39989c 400w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20231101-Villasana-Denials-13-Edit_PDedit.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=533&q=75&w=800&s=35312c84b456c4ba6d7def89e5d6ae41 800w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20231101-Villasana-Denials-13-Edit_PDedit.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=800&q=75&w=1200&s=09a207648bb8d598bb532b811edb711f 1200w, https://img.assets-d.propublica.org/v5/images/20231101-Villasana-Denials-13-Edit_PDedit.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fm=webp&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=1067&q=75&w=1600&s=2965ee821ef915ffb2457832c1db4221 1600w" width="400" height="267" loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/uncovered">Uncovered</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/blue-cross-proton-therapy-cancer-lawyer-denial"> Big Insurance Met Its Match When It Turned Down a Top Trial Lawyer’s Request for Cancer Treatment </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > Blue Cross and Blue Shield denied payment for the proton therapy Robert “Skeeter” Salim’s doctor ordered to fight his throat cancer. But he was no ordinary patient. He was a celebrated litigator. And he was ready to fight. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2023-11-07EST05:00">Nov. 7, 2023, 5 a.m. EST</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/editors-note-why-we-investigated-the-treatment-of-people-with-developmental-disabilities"> <img alt="" src="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg" width="400" height="267" srcset="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg 400w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo800w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg 800w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1200w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg 1200w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1600w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg 1600w " loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/state-of-denial">State of Denial</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/editors-note-why-we-investigated-the-treatment-of-people-with-developmental-disabilities"> Editors’ Note: Why We Investigated the Treatment of People With Developmental Disabilities </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > Arizona’s treatment of people with developmental disabilities is important because it impacts tens of thousands of people. But for us, it’s also personal. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, ProPublica, and <span class="name">Jill Jorden Spitz</span>, <a href="https://tucson.com/">Arizona Daily Star</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2020-11-06EST07:09">Nov. 6, 2020, 7:09 a.m. EST</time> </span> </p> <p class="story-card__unit">Local Reporting Network</p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/editors-note-why-we-wrote-about-the-way-people-with-developmental-disabilities-get-treated"> <img alt="" src="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg" width="400" height="267" srcset="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg 400w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo800w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg 800w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1200w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg 1200w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1600w/20201105-az-editors-note-3x2.jpg 1600w " loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/state-of-denial">State of Denial</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/editors-note-why-we-wrote-about-the-way-people-with-developmental-disabilities-get-treated"> Editors’ Note: Why We Wrote About the Way People With Developmental Disabilities Get Treated </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > How Arizona treats people with developmental disabilities is important. It affects a lot of people. It is personal for us too. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, ProPublica, and <span class="name">Jill Jorden Spitz</span>, <a href="https://tucson.com/">Arizona Daily Star</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2020-11-06EST07:04">Nov. 6, 2020, 7:04 a.m. EST</time> </span> </p> <p class="story-card__unit">Local Reporting Network</p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/u-s-marine-corps-concludes-its-investigation-into-a-fatal-2018-midair-crash-was-inaccurate"> <img alt="" src="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20191230-marines-video-3x2.png" width="400" height="267" srcset="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20191230-marines-video-3x2.png 400w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo800w/20191230-marines-video-3x2.png 800w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1200w/20191230-marines-video-3x2.png 1200w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1600w/20191230-marines-video-3x2.png 1600w " loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/navy-accidents-pacific-7th-fleet">Disaster in the Pacific</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/u-s-marine-corps-concludes-its-investigation-into-a-fatal-2018-midair-crash-was-inaccurate"> U.S. Marine Corps Concludes Its Investigation Into a Fatal 2018 Midair Crash Was Inaccurate </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > A new review reexamined the December 2018 crash after a ProPublica investigation revealed that Marines had been deprived of adequate training and equipment, and that their repeated pleas for help from superiors before the crash went unaddressed. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/robert-faturechi">Robert Faturechi</a>, <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/megan-rose">Megan Rose</a> and <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2020-07-02EDT11:28">July 2, 2020, 11:28 a.m. EDT</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/its-hardly-shocking-the-navy-fired-a-commander-for-warning-of-coronavirus-threat-its-part-of-a-pattern"> <img alt="" src="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20200404-navy-firing-3x2.jpg" width="400" height="267" srcset="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20200404-navy-firing-3x2.jpg 400w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo800w/20200404-navy-firing-3x2.jpg 800w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1200w/20200404-navy-firing-3x2.jpg 1200w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1600w/20200404-navy-firing-3x2.jpg 1600w " loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/coronavirus">Coronavirus</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/its-hardly-shocking-the-navy-fired-a-commander-for-warning-of-coronavirus-threat-its-part-of-a-pattern"> It’s Hardly Shocking the Navy Fired a Commander for Warning of Coronavirus Threat. It’s Part of a Pattern. </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > In dismissing the commander of the USS Theodore Roosevelt, the Navy once again punished the messenger, a frontline leader brave enough to tell the unvarnished truth to superiors about a threat to his sailors. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a> and <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/megan-rose">Megan Rose</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2020-04-04EDT15:43">April 4, 2020, 3:43 p.m. EDT</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="story-card story-card--standard"> <div class="lead-art"> <a class="aspect-3-2" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/after-discovering-a-sailor-with-coronavirus-the-us-navy-crowded-dozens-into-one-room"> <img alt="" src="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20200316-navy-covid19-3x2.jpg" width="400" height="267" srcset="https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo400w/20200316-navy-covid19-3x2.jpg 400w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo800w/20200316-navy-covid19-3x2.jpg 800w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1200w/20200316-navy-covid19-3x2.jpg 1200w, https://assets-c3.propublica.org/images/articles/_threeTwo1600w/20200316-navy-covid19-3x2.jpg 1600w " loading="lazy" js-autosizes /> </a> </div> <div class="story-card__description"> <a class="story-card__series" href="https://www.propublica.org/series/coronavirus">Coronavirus</a> <h3 class="story-card__hed" > <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/after-discovering-a-sailor-with-coronavirus-the-us-navy-crowded-dozens-into-one-room"> After Discovering a Sailor With Coronavirus, the U.S. Navy Crowded Dozens Into One Room </a> </h3> <p class="story-card__dek" > On the USS Boxer, where the Navy discovered its first case of coronavirus on a ship, a sailor says his superiors called a meeting that crammed more than 80 senior enlisted sailors and officers together. </p> <p class="story-card__byline"> <span class="story-card__byline-author"> by <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/robert-faturechi">Robert Faturechi</a>, <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/megan-rose">Megan Rose</a> and <a class="name" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller">T. Christian Miller</a>, </span> <span class="story-card__byline-dateline"> <time class="timestamp" datetime="2020-03-16EDT20:20">March 16, 2020, 8:20 p.m. EDT</time> </span> </p> </div> </div> <nav class="pagination | stack stack--row stack--spacing-2 stack--align-center stack--justify-center"> <span class="pagination__number pagination__number--current">1</span> <a class="pagination__number" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller/p2">2</a> <a class="pagination__number" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller/p3">3</a> <span class="pagination__truncation">…</span> <a class="pagination__number" href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller/p18">18</a> <a href="https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller/p2" class="pagination__arrow | btn btn--circular btn--icon-only" style="--button-color: var(--color-neutral-10); --button-text-color: var(--color-light-none)" > <span class="a11y">Next</span> <div class="btn__icon"> <svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"> <title>Arrow Right</title> <line x1="5" y1="12" x2="19" y2="12"></line> <polyline points="12 5 19 12 12 19"></polyline> </svg> </div> </a> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </main> <style> /* re-assert som CSS Custom Properties from v5 */ .admin-shortcuts { --fonts-sans: "Graphik", sans-serif; --scale0: 1rem; --scale-1: 13px; --scale-2: 11px; --scale-3: 9px; --spacing-2: 4px; --spacing-1: 8px; --spacing0: 16px; --spacing1: 24px; --spacing2: 32px; --spacing3: 64px; } .admin-shortcuts { position: fixed; z-index: 10000; bottom: 0; right: var(--spacing0); width: auto; display: flex; flex-direction: row; justify-content: center; align-content: center; gap: var(--spacing0); padding: var(--spacing-1) var(--spacing0); background-color: black; color: white; font-size: var(--scale-1); font-family: var(--fonts-sans); border-radius: 0.25rem 0.25rem 0 0; } .admin-shortcuts__link { display: inline-block; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; display: flex; gap: 0.33em; } .admin-shortcuts__user:before { content: ""; width: 0.66em; height: 0.66em; border-radius: 100%; background-color: #14b84f; /* green 50 */ } .admin-shortcuts__user { padding-right: calc(var(--spacing-2) * 4); border-right: 1px solid hsla(0, 0%, 100%, 0.2); } .admin-shortcuts__user:before, .admin-shortcuts__icon { align-self: center; } .admin-shortcuts__icon { width: 1.1em; height: 1.1em; } </style> <script type="application/json" class="svelte-config"> {"componentName":"SiteFooter","props":{"newsletterSignupProps":{"source":"https://www.propublica.org/","region":"national"}},"contextArray":[]} </script> <footer class="site-footer hide-print svelte-m9jkvx" id="site-footer" data-pp-location="footer"><div class="site-footer__section-newsletter svelte-m9jkvx"><div class="site-footer__newsletter-wrap svelte-m9jkvx"><strong class="site-footer__newsletter-heading svelte-m9jkvx" data-svelte-h="svelte-1f8pah3">Stay informed with the Daily Digest.</strong> <div class="newsletter-signup__input-wrap svelte-m9jkvx"><form class="newsletter-signup" action="https://signup.propublica.org/newsletter/turing" method="post" name="newsletterSignup"><div role="region" aria-live="polite" class="newsletter-signup__feedback" data-svelte-h="svelte-2nawdb"><p class="newsletter-signup__error-message"></p></div> <div class="newsletter-signup__input-wrap newsletter-signup__input-wrap--null svelte-10wydf7"><span class="icon"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><title>Mail</title><path d="M4 4h16c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2v12c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2H4c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2V6c0-1.1.9-2 2-2z"></path><polyline points="22,6 12,13 2,6"></polyline></svg></span> <label for="site-footer-signup" class="a11y">Email Address:</label> <input class="newsletter-signup__input-text svelte-10wydf7" type="email" placeholder="Enter your email" id="site-footer-signup" name="email" onfocus="recaptchaInit()" required> <div class="newsletter-signup__submit-btn-wrapper svelte-10wydf7"> <button class="button shape--circle button-is-icon-only svelte-1qpwxqa" data-pp-skip="false" style="--button-bg-color: transparent; --button-border: none; --button-color: var(--color-light-none); --button-font-size: var(--scale-1); --button-horizontal-spacing: var(--scale-1); --button-size: var(--scale3); --icon-size: fill;"><span class="icon-before svelte-1qpwxqa"><svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>Arrow Right</title><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M22 12C22 17.5228 17.5228 22 12 22C6.47715 22 2 17.5228 2 12C2 6.47715 6.47715 2 12 2C17.5228 2 22 6.47715 22 12ZM16.7064 11.2922L12.7071 7.29289C12.3166 6.90237 11.6834 6.90237 11.2929 7.29289C10.9024 7.68342 10.9024 8.31658 11.2929 8.70711L13.5858 11H8C7.44772 11 7 11.4477 7 12C7 12.5523 7.44772 13 8 13H13.5858L11.2929 15.2929C10.9024 15.6834 10.9024 16.3166 11.2929 16.7071C11.6834 17.0976 12.3166 17.0976 12.7071 16.7071L16.7064 12.7078L16.7136 12.7005C16.8901 12.5208 16.9992 12.2746 17 12.003L17 12L17 11.997C16.9996 11.8625 16.9727 11.7343 16.9241 11.6172C16.8764 11.502 16.8063 11.3938 16.7136 11.2995L16.7064 11.2922Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span> <span class="text font--sans svelte-1qpwxqa a11y">Sign Up</span> </button></div> <input type="hidden" name="stlist" value="The Daily Digest"> <input type="hidden" name="success_location" value="https://www.propublica.org/forms/thankyou"> <input type="hidden" name="error_location" value="https://www.propublica.org/forms/error"> <input type="hidden" name="placement" value="site-footer"> <input type="hidden" name="region" value="national"> <input type="hidden" name="source" value="https://www.propublica.org/"></div> <div class="newsletter-signup__post-signup-prompt" role="region" aria-live="polite" data-svelte-h="svelte-1uvtbcq"></div></form> </div></div> </div> <div class="site-footer__wrap-outer svelte-m9jkvx"><div class="site-footer__wrap-inner svelte-m9jkvx"> <div class="site-footer__section-logo svelte-m9jkvx"><a class="site-footer__wordmark svelte-m9jkvx" href="https://www.propublica.org/"><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 574.24 75" fill="currentColor"><title>ProPublica</title><path d="M66.4,13.48,66,14.91l6.23,11.45,1.15.47L75,26.29V75H50.95A41.2,41.2,0,0,0,62.13,46.88a40.61,40.61,0,0,0-3.39-16.26,45.17,45.17,0,0,1,7.79-4.95l1.69-.2.14-.41L65,18.83H64.5l-.88,1.29c-2.91,1.9-4.67,2.3-8.54,3.79A41.35,41.35,0,0,0,20.46,5.42,39.87,39.87,0,0,0,0,10.91V0H75V8.81ZM57.32,47A37.54,37.54,0,0,1,44.65,75H0V16A37,37,0,0,1,57.32,47ZM43.7,37.06c0-8.13-6-12-17.75-12H7.18v3.66l4.2.95V62.2l-4.2.95v3.73H27.85V63.14l-7.18-.95V50.14h5.15C37.26,50.14,43.7,45.53,43.7,37.06Zm-9.76.27c0,5.15-2.78,8.33-7.25,8.33h-6V29.47H27C31.37,29.47,33.94,32.32,33.94,37.33Z"></path><path d="M116.53,60.07l9.15,1.08v4.2H99.39v-4.2l5.28-1.36v-44l-5.28-1.36V10.41H123c15.31,0,22.9,5.28,22.9,16.13,0,11.18-8.33,17.41-23.1,17.41h-6.3Zm0-21.14h6.84c6.44,0,10.5-4.61,10.5-12.06,0-7.18-3.73-11.45-10.09-11.45h-7.25Z"></path><path d="M200.74,61.15v4.2H185.9l-16-20.6h-2.51v15l5.28,1.36v4.2H150.27v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35l-5-1.36V17.93H175.2c10.5,0,17.55,5.08,17.55,12.67,0,8.4-5.76,12.2-11,13.55l13.48,15.79ZM167.41,39.74h4.47c5.76,0,8.81-3.18,8.81-8.88,0-5.35-2.85-7.93-8.81-7.93h-4.47Z"></path><path d="M199.59,41.64c0-14.77,9.82-24.73,25.68-24.73s25.68,10,25.68,24.73-9.82,24.73-25.68,24.73S199.59,56.48,199.59,41.64Zm38.89,0c0-9.69-3.25-19.17-13.21-19.17S212.05,32,212.05,41.64s3.25,19.17,13.21,19.17S238.48,51.33,238.48,41.64Z"></path><path d="M270.79,60.07l9.15,1.08v4.2H253.31v-4.2l5.62-1.36v-44l-5.62-1.36V10.41h24c15.31,0,22.9,5.28,22.9,16.13,0,11.18-8.33,17.41-23.1,17.41h-6.3Zm0-21.14h6.84c6.44,0,10.5-4.61,10.5-12.06,0-7.18-3.73-11.45-10.1-11.45h-7.25Z"></path><path d="M354.26,22l-4.95,1.36V47c0,12.87-7.79,19.38-20.05,19.38-13.62,0-20.73-7.86-20.73-20v-23L303.58,22V17.93h22V22l-5.08,1.36V47.74c0,7.25,4.34,12.06,11.45,12.06,6.84,0,11.25-4.47,11.25-11.31V23.35L338.14,22V17.93h16.12Z"></path><path d="M403.85,52.21c0,8.88-7.11,13.14-22,13.14H357.58v-4.2l5.56-1.36V23.35L358.26,22V17.93h23.92c12.6,0,19.51,3.79,19.51,11.72,0,6.17-4.06,9.08-10.91,9.89v.27C399.31,40.76,403.85,45.1,403.85,52.21ZM375,38.32h5.76c6.1,0,9-2.78,9-7.79,0-5.22-3.12-7.59-9-7.59H375Zm16.8,13.41c0-5.62-3.79-8.67-11.25-8.67H375V60.34h6.64C388.07,60.34,391.79,57.29,391.79,51.74Z"></path><path d="M451.07,48.62l-4.4,16.73H408v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35L407.65,22V17.93h22.76V22l-5.28,1.36v37l14.16-.81L447,47.26Z"></path><path d="M475.4,61.15v4.2H453v-4.2l5.28-1.36V23.35L453,22V17.93H475.4V22l-5.28,1.36V59.8Z"></path><path d="M478,41.78c0-15.85,12.13-24.86,27-24.86a35.6,35.6,0,0,1,18.29,5.15l-2,13.21h-4.2l-1.69-9.08a13.23,13.23,0,0,0-10.09-4.13c-9.15,0-14.7,6.57-14.7,18.22,0,13.21,6.84,19.31,15.24,19.31,6.17,0,10.23-3.39,13.41-9.55l4.27,2c-4.27,10-11.65,14.36-21.07,14.36C488.4,66.37,478,56.48,478,41.78Z"></path><path d="M574.24,61.15v4.2H551.48v-4.2L557,60l-2.85-8.13h-16.6l-3.12,8.2,5.42,1.15-.07,4.2-16.53-.07v-4.2l4.27-1.08,14.9-37.33-4-1.29V17.93h13.69L569.3,60Zm-27.57-31-.47-1.56-.47,1.56-6.23,16.73h12.94Z"></path></svg></a> <strong class="site-footer__tagline svelte-m9jkvx" data-svelte-h="svelte-1xxi0b1">Investigative Journalism in the Public Interest</strong> <p class="site-footer__copyright svelte-m9jkvx">© Copyright 2025 Pro Publica Inc.</p></div> <nav class="site-footer__section-links svelte-m9jkvx"> <div class="site-footer__links-sites svelte-m9jkvx"> <strong class="site-footer__links-heading svelte-m9jkvx">Sites</strong> <ul class="site-footer__links-list svelte-m9jkvx hide-below-sm" id="site-footer__links-list-sites"><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">ProPublica</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/local-reporting-network/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Local Reporting Network</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/texas/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Texas Tribune Partnership</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/datastore/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">The Data Store</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/electionland/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Electionland</a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="site-footer__links-sections svelte-m9jkvx"> <strong class="site-footer__links-heading svelte-m9jkvx">Sections</strong> <ul class="site-footer__links-list svelte-m9jkvx hide-below-sm" id="site-footer__links-list-sections"><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/topics/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Topics</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/series/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Series</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/video/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Videos</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/newsapps/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">News Apps</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/getinvolved/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Get Involved</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/nerds/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">The Nerd Blog</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/atpropublica/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">@ProPublica</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/events/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Events</a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="site-footer__links-info svelte-m9jkvx"> <strong class="site-footer__links-heading svelte-m9jkvx">Info</strong> <ul class="site-footer__links-list svelte-m9jkvx hide-below-sm" id="site-footer__links-list-info"><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/about/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">About</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/leadership/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Board and Advisors</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/staff/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Officers and Staff</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/diversity/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Diversity</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/jobs/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Jobs</a> and <a href="https://www.propublica.org/fellowships/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Fellowships</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/media-center/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Media Center</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/reports/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Reports</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/impact/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Impact</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/awards/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Awards</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/corrections/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Corrections</a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="site-footer__links-policies svelte-m9jkvx"> <strong class="site-footer__links-heading svelte-m9jkvx">Policies</strong> <ul class="site-footer__links-list svelte-m9jkvx hide-below-sm" id="site-footer__links-list-policies"><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/code-of-ethics/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Code of Ethics</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/advertising/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Advertising Policy</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/legal/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Privacy Policy</a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="site-footer__links-follow svelte-m9jkvx"> <strong class="site-footer__links-heading svelte-m9jkvx">Follow</strong> <ul class="site-footer__links-list svelte-m9jkvx hide-below-sm" id="site-footer__links-list-follow"><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/newsletters/" data-pp-view="" data-pp-action="visit" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Newsletters</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/propublica/id355298887?mt=8" class="svelte-m9jkvx">iOS</a> and <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.propublica&amp;hl=en" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Android</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/feeds/propublica/main" class="svelte-m9jkvx">RSS Feed</a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="site-footer__links-more svelte-m9jkvx"> <strong class="site-footer__links-heading svelte-m9jkvx">More</strong> <ul class="site-footer__links-list svelte-m9jkvx hide-below-sm" id="site-footer__links-list-more"><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/tips/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Send Us Tips</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/steal-our-stories/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Steal Our Stories</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="http://p53lf57qovyuvwsc6xnrppyply3vtqm7l6pcobkmyqsiofyeznfu5uqd.onion/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Browse via Tor</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/contact/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Contact Us</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/donate/" data-pp-view="" data-pp-action="visit classy" class="svelte-m9jkvx">Donate</a> </li><li class="site-footer__link"><a href="https://www.propublica.org/support/other-ways-to-give/" class="svelte-m9jkvx">More Ways to Give</a> </li></ul> </div></nav> </div> </div> </footer>  <script type="application/json" class="svelte-config"> {"componentName":"BottomPanelCta","props":{"contentUrl":"https://www.propublica.org//api_components/modal-default.json"},"contextArray":[]} </script> <div data-pp-location="modal" data-pp-view data-pp-category="newsletter_signup" id="cta" class="cta cta-type-panel cta-fixed cta-closed svelte-rz6ji1" aria-hidden="true"><button id="cta-close" class="cta-close svelte-rz6ji1" data-svelte-h="svelte-12f7hfy"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svelte-rz6ji1"><line x1="18" y1="6" x2="6" y2="18"></line><line x1="6" y1="6" x2="18" y2="18"></line></svg></button> <div class="cta-container cta-undefined svelte-rz6ji1"><div class="cta-message svelte-rz6ji1"><h2 class="cta-heading svelte-rz6ji1">undefined</h2> <p class="cta-text svelte-rz6ji1">undefined</p></div> </div></div> <div id="cta-toast" class="cta-toast svelte-rz6ji1" role="alert" style="background-color: var(--blue-70);"><div id="cta-toast-text" class="cta-toast-text svelte-rz6ji1"></div> <button id="cta-toast-button" class="cta-toast-button svelte-rz6ji1" data-svelte-h="svelte-8kx5h6"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svelte-rz6ji1"><line x1="18" y1="6" x2="6" y2="18"></line><line x1="6" y1="6" x2="18" y2="18"></line></svg></button> </div>  <script src="https://assets.propublica.org/static/prod/v5/js/main.3ac6a1a9.js"></script> <script> // Google Tag Manager (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K8BNLGX'); // End Google Tag Manager PP.utils.loadJS('https://ak.sail-horizon.com/spm/spm.v1.min.js',function() { while(!window.hasOwnProperty("Sailthru")) { setTimeout(Function.prototype(), 500); } Sailthru.init({ "customerId" : "c1d320b4976cc13366759531bf948c3a" }); }); // Parse.ly PP.utils.loadJS('//cdn.parsely.com/keys/propublica.org/p.js'); </script>  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-K8BNLGX" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script>PP.utils.loadJS('https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?onload=grecaptchaLoaded&render=6LcC1roqAAAAAK9equRCqsCagWPYzf79SKrxGFGY');</script> <script> const noAds = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get('__no-ads'); let adTimeout = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get('__ad-timeout'); if( noAds === null ) { if( adTimeout === null ) { adTimeout = 0; } setTimeout(function() { PP.utils.loadJS('https://htlbid.com/v3/propublica.org/htlbid.js',function() { window.htlbid = window.htlbid || {}; htlbid.cmd = htlbid.cmd || []; htlbid.cmd.push(function() { htlbid.layout("universal"); // Leave as "universal" or add custom layout htlbid.setTargeting("is_testing", "no"); htlbid.setTargeting("is_home", "no"); // Set to "yes" on the homepage htlbid.setTargeting("post_tags", ""); }); }); }, adTimeout); } </script>  <script> // This variable prevents Convert from creating an overlay that can cover the page. Because we use deferred loading, we never want this overlay. // https://support.convert.com/hc/en-us/articles/205160025-Disable-Body-Hiding-in-Convert-Experiences var _conv_prevent_bodyhide = true; </script> <script defer src="//cdn-4.convertexperiments.com/js/1004759-1004714.js"></script>   <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:3261149,hjsv:6}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); </script>   <style> .iterate__container { font-family: var(--fonts-sans, "graphik") !important; } </style> <script> // Iterate setup script window.iterateSettings = { apiKey: 'eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJjb21wYW55X2lkIjoiNjJmM2M2ZGNjYmVhNDQwMDAxNDZmMjRjIiwiaWF0IjoxNjYwMTQzMzI1fQ.HJYYZWnRLo7nKQHPteT9eeNeXePWXpYAyhaNyFAES-Y', }; (function(i,t,e,r,a){if(t.getElementById(r)){return} i.IterateObjectName=a;var z=function(){z.c(arguments)};z.q=[]; z.c=function(args){z.q.push(args)};i[a]=z; function l() {var js,fjs=t.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];js=t.createElement(e);js.id=r;js.async=1;js.src="https://platform.iteratehq.com/loader.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs)}; if(t.readyState==="complete") {l();} else if(i.attachEvent) {i.attachEvent('onload', l);} else{i.addEventListener('load', l, false);} }(window, document,'script','iterate-js','Iterate')); // Start Iterate: this will check the server to see if a survey should be displayed Iterate('install') // Pass custom properties to Iterate: the 2nd parameter is user-level data, the 3rd parameter is response-level data var url = new URL(window.location.href); Iterate('identify', null, { canonical: 'https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller', utm_campaign: url.searchParams.get("utm_campaign"), utm_medium: url.searchParams.get("utm_medium"), utm_source: url.searchParams.get("utm_source") }) </script>  <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","author":{"@id":"https://www.propublica.org#identity"},"copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https://www.propublica.org#identity"},"copyrightYear":"2017","creator":{"@id":"#creator"},"dateCreated":"2019-12-17T13:53:59-05:00","dateModified":"2025-02-26T12:54:40-05:00","datePublished":"2017-01-30T13:45:00-05:00","description":"I’m a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter dedicated to accountability, transparency and data-driven journalism.","headline":"T. Christian Miller, Reporter","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://assets.propublica.org/2017-pp-open-graph-1200x630.jpg"},"inLanguage":"en-us","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller","name":"T. Christian Miller, Reporter","publisher":{"@id":"#creator"},"url":"https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller"},{"@id":"https://www.propublica.org#identity","@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","addressCountry":"US","addressLocality":"New York","addressRegion":"NY","postalCode":"10013","streetAddress":"155 Avenue of the Americas, 13th Floor"},"description":"ProPublica is an independent, non-profit newsroom that produces investigative journalism in the public interest.","email":"info@propublica.org","name":"ProPublica","sameAs":["https://twitter.com/propublica","https://www.facebook.com/propublica/","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ProPublica","https://www.youtube.com/user/propublica","https://github.com/propublica","https://www.linkedin.com/company/propublica/","https://www.instagram.com/propublica","https://www.pinterest.com/propublica","https://vimeo.com/propublica"],"telephone":"1-212-514-5250","url":"https://www.propublica.org"},{"@id":"#creator","@type":"Organization"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","description":"Breadcrumbs list","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","item":"https://www.propublica.org","name":"Homepage","position":1},{"@type":"ListItem","item":"https://www.propublica.org/people/t-christian-miller","name":"T. Christian Miller","position":2}],"name":"Breadcrumbs"}]}</script></body> </html>

CINXE.COM

T. Christian Miller, Reporter — ProPublica