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aria-controls="toc-Design-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Design subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cylinders,_valve_gear,_wheels_and_brakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cylinders,_valve_gear,_wheels_and_brakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Cylinders, valve gear, wheels and brakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cylinders,_valve_gear,_wheels_and_brakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boiler_and_welded_firebox" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boiler_and_welded_firebox"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Boiler and welded firebox</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boiler_and_welded_firebox-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air-smoothed_casing,_smokebox_and_blastpipe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air-smoothed_casing,_smokebox_and_blastpipe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Air-smoothed casing, smokebox and blastpipe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-smoothed_casing,_smokebox_and_blastpipe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tender" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tender"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Tender</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tender-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_innovations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_innovations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Other innovations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_innovations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Construction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Numbering_and_naming_the_locomotives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Numbering_and_naming_the_locomotives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Numbering and naming the locomotives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Numbering_and_naming_the_locomotives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_details" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_details"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Operational details</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_details-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsequent_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsequent_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Subsequent development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsequent_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performance_of_the_unmodified_locomotives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performance_of_the_unmodified_locomotives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Performance of the unmodified locomotives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performance_of_the_unmodified_locomotives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Modification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performance_of_the_modified_locomotives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performance_of_the_modified_locomotives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Performance of the modified locomotives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performance_of_the_modified_locomotives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accidents_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Accidents and incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Withdrawal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Withdrawal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Withdrawal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Withdrawal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Preservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Preservation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Preservation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Preservation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Preservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Preserved_Merchant_Navy_class_locomotives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preserved_Merchant_Navy_class_locomotives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Preserved Merchant Navy class locomotives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preserved_Merchant_Navy_class_locomotives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Livery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Livery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Livery</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Livery-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Livery subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Livery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Southern_Railway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_Railway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Southern Railway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_Railway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_Railways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_Railways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>British Railways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_Railways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_assessment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_assessment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Operational assessment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_assessment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Models" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Models"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Models</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Models-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_class" title="SR Merchant Navy class – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="SR Merchant Navy class" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/SR_%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8D%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E5%BD%A2%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%97%E6%A9%9F%E9%96%A2%E8%BB%8A" title="SR マーチャント・ネイヴィー形蒸気機関車 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="SR マーチャント・ネイヴィー形蒸気機関車" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7392898#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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Click here for more information."><img alt="Featured article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Class of 30 three-cylinder 4-6-2 locomotives</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style=";">SR Merchant Navy class<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mytchett,_Surrey_with_Waterloo_-_Weymouth_express_at_Sturt_Lane_Junction_geograph-2676694-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A posed side-and-front view of a large 4-6-2 steam locomotive with a tender. The locomotive boiler is hidden by a casing of flat metal side sheets." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Mytchett%2C_Surrey_with_Waterloo_-_Weymouth_express_at_Sturt_Lane_Junction_geograph-2676694-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/300px-Mytchett%2C_Surrey_with_Waterloo_-_Weymouth_express_at_Sturt_Lane_Junction_geograph-2676694-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Mytchett%2C_Surrey_with_Waterloo_-_Weymouth_express_at_Sturt_Lane_Junction_geograph-2676694-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/450px-Mytchett%2C_Surrey_with_Waterloo_-_Weymouth_express_at_Sturt_Lane_Junction_geograph-2676694-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Mytchett%2C_Surrey_with_Waterloo_-_Weymouth_express_at_Sturt_Lane_Junction_geograph-2676694-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/600px-Mytchett%2C_Surrey_with_Waterloo_-_Weymouth_express_at_Sturt_Lane_Junction_geograph-2676694-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="726" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">35027 <i>Port Line</i> in original form</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Type and origin</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Power type</th><td class="infobox-data">Steam</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Bulleid" title="Oliver Bulleid">Oliver Bulleid</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Builder</th><td class="infobox-data">SR <a href="/wiki/Eastleigh_Works" title="Eastleigh Works">Eastleigh Works</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Build date</th><td class="infobox-data">1941–1949</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><span class="nowrap">Total produced</span></th><td class="infobox-data">30</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Configuration:<br /></th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • <a href="/wiki/Whyte_notation" title="Whyte notation">Whyte</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/4-6-2" title="4-6-2">4-6-2</a> (<a href="/wiki/4-6-2" title="4-6-2">Pacific</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span>) <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Standard_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard gauge">standard gauge</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Leading_wheel" title="Leading wheel">Leading dia.</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 ft 1 in (0.940 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Driving_wheel" title="Driving wheel">Driver</a> dia.</th><td class="infobox-data">6 ft 2 in (1.880 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Trailing_wheel" title="Trailing wheel">Trailing dia.</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 ft 7 in (1.092 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">69 ft 8 in (21.23 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Loco weight</th><td class="infobox-data">94.75 long tons (96.3 t; 106.1 short tons)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Fuel type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">Coal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Fuel capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">5.00 long tons (5.1 t; 5.6 short tons)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Water cap.</th><td class="infobox-data">5,000 imp gal (22,730 L; 6,000 US gal)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Firebox:</th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Grate area</th><td class="infobox-data">48.5 sq ft (4.51 m<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Boiler pressure</th><td class="infobox-data">280 <a href="/wiki/Pound_per_square_inch" title="Pound per square inch">psi</a> (19.31 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">bar</a>; 1.93 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">MPa</a>), later reduced to 250 psi (17.24 bar; 1.72 MPa)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(locomotive)" title="Cylinder (locomotive)">Cylinders</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(locomotive)" title="Cylinder (locomotive)">Cylinder size</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 in × 24 in (457 mm × 610 mm)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Performance figures</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Tractive_effort" title="Tractive effort">Tractive effort</a></th><td class="infobox-data">37,515 lbf (166.9 kN), later reduced to 33,495 lbf (149.0 kN)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Career</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Operators</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_(Great_Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Railway (Great Britain)">Southern Railway</a></li><li>→ <a href="/wiki/British_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="British Railways">British Railways</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Class_(locomotive)" title="Class (locomotive)">Class</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>SR / BR:</i> Merchant Navy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Power class</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><i>SR:</i> A</li><li><i>BR:</i> 8P</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_West_Main_Line" title="South West Main Line">South West Main Line</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Disposition</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>All modified (see below)</li><li>1 rebuilt under conversion to unrebuilt specifications</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>SR Merchant Navy class</b> (originally known as the <i><b>21C1 class</b></i>, and later informally known as <i><b>Bulleid Pacifics</b></i>, <i><b>Spam Cans</b></i> – which name was also applied to the <a href="/wiki/SR_West_Country_and_Battle_of_Britain_classes" title="SR West Country and Battle of Britain classes">Light Pacifics</a> – or <i><b>Packets</b></i>) is a class of <a href="/wiki/Streamliner" title="Streamliner">air-smoothed</a> <a href="/wiki/4-6-2" title="4-6-2">4-6-2</a> (Pacific) <a href="/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">steam locomotives</a> designed for the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_(UK)" title="Southern Railway (UK)">Southern Railway</a> by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Bulleid" title="Oliver Bulleid">Oliver Bulleid</a>. The Pacific design was chosen in preference to several others proposed by Bulleid. The first members of the class were constructed during the Second World War, and the last of the 30 locomotives in 1949. </p><p>Incorporating a number of new developments in British steam locomotive technology, the design of the Merchant Navy class was among the first to use <a href="/wiki/Welding" title="Welding">welding</a> in the construction process; this enabled easier fabrication of components during the austerity of the war and post-war economies.<sup id="cite_ref-TnP_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TnP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the locomotives featured <a href="/wiki/Thermic_syphons" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermic syphons">thermic syphons</a> in their boilers and the controversial <a href="/wiki/Bulleid_chain-driven_valve_gear" title="Bulleid chain-driven valve gear">Bulleid chain-driven valve gear</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The class members were named after the <a href="/wiki/Merchant_Navy_(United_Kingdom)" title="Merchant Navy (United Kingdom)">Merchant Navy</a> shipping lines involved in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">Battle of the Atlantic</a>, and latterly those which used <a href="/wiki/Southampton_Docks" class="mw-redirect" title="Southampton Docks">Southampton Docks</a>: a publicity masterstroke by the Southern Railway, which operated Southampton Docks during the period.<sup id="cite_ref-Burridge3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burridge3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to problems with some of the more novel features of Bulleid's design, all members of the class were modified by <a href="/wiki/British_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="British Railways">British Railways</a> during the late 1950s, losing their air-smoothed casings in the process. The Merchant Navy class operated until the end of Southern steam in July, 1967. A third of the class has survived and can be seen on <a href="/wiki/Heritage_railway" title="Heritage railway">heritage railways</a> throughout Great Britain. They were known for reaching speeds of up to 105 mph (167 km/h); such speeds were recorded by examples including No. 35003 <i>Royal Mail</i> (since scrapped) and Nos. 35005 <i>Canadian Pacific</i> and 35028 <i>Clan Line</i> (both preserved).<sup id="cite_ref-SR388_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SR388-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Southern Railway was the most financially successful of the "<a href="/wiki/Big_Four_British_railway_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Four British railway companies">Big Four</a>", but this was largely based on investment in suburban and main line <a href="/wiki/Railway_electrification_in_Great_Britain" title="Railway electrification in Great Britain">electrification</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitehouse2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitehouse2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the successful introduction of the <a href="/wiki/SR_Schools_class" class="mw-redirect" title="SR Schools class">SR Schools class</a> in 1930, the railway had lagged behind the others in terms of modernising its ageing fleet of steam locomotives. Following the retirement of the general manager of the Southern Railway <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Ashcombe_Walker" title="Herbert Ashcombe Walker">Sir Herbert Walker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Maunsell" title="Richard Maunsell">Richard Maunsell</a> the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Mechanical_Engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Mechanical Engineer">Chief Mechanical Engineer</a> (CME) in 1937, their successors considered that the time had come to change this situation.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitehouse1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitehouse1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 1938 the new general manager <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Szlumper" title="Gilbert Szlumper">Gilbert Szlumper</a> authorised Oliver Bulleid, Maunsell's replacement, to prepare designs for twenty express passenger locomotives.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deteriorating international situation prior to the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> was an additional factor in this decision.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitehouse1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitehouse1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bulleid's first suggestion was for an eight-coupled locomotive with a <a href="/wiki/4-8-2" title="4-8-2">4-8-2</a> wheel arrangement for the heavily loaded <a href="/wiki/Golden_Arrow_(train)" title="Golden Arrow (train)">Golden Arrow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Night_Ferry" title="Night Ferry">Night Ferry</a> Continental express trains,<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although this was quickly modified to a <a href="/wiki/2-8-2" title="2-8-2">2-8-2</a>, a wheel arrangement associated with <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Gresley" title="Nigel Gresley">Nigel Gresley's</a> <a href="/wiki/LNER_Class_P2" title="LNER Class P2">P2 locomotives</a>; Bulleid himself had worked with Gresley in the past.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second "Mikado" locomotive design was planned to have a <a href="/wiki/Krauss-Helmholtz_bogie" title="Krauss-Helmholtz bogie">Helmholtz pony truck</a> – a system already successfully applied on the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Europe" title="Continental Europe">Continent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bulleid_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bulleid-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, both proposals for eight-coupled locomotives were resisted by the Southern Railway's Chief Civil Engineer, so a new 4-6-2 Pacific design was settled upon instead.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new design was intended for express <a href="/wiki/Passenger" title="Passenger">passenger</a> and semi-fast work in <a href="/wiki/Southern_England" title="Southern England">Southern England</a>, though it had to be equally adept at <a href="/wiki/Freight" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight">freight</a> workings due to the nominal <a href="/wiki/Mixed-traffic_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed-traffic locomotive">"mixed traffic"</a> classification Bulleid applied to the class for them to be built during wartime.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Administrative measures had been put in place by the wartime government, preventing the construction of express passenger locomotives, due to shortages of materials and a need for locomotives with freight-hauling capabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Classifying a design as "mixed traffic" neatly circumvented this restriction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the detailed design for the Merchant Navy class was undertaken by the drawing office at <a href="/wiki/Brighton_railway_works" title="Brighton railway works">Brighton works</a>, but some work was also undertaken by <a href="/wiki/Ashford_railway_works" title="Ashford railway works">Ashford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastleigh_Works" title="Eastleigh Works">Eastleigh</a>. This division of responsibility was possibly due to Bulleid's wish to restrict knowledge of the new class to a limited number of personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The design incorporated a number of novel features, compared to then-current steam locomotive practice in <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cylinders,_valve_gear,_wheels_and_brakes"><span id="Cylinders.2C_valve_gear.2C_wheels_and_brakes"></span>Cylinders, valve gear, wheels and brakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cylinders, valve gear, wheels and brakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulleid_chain_valve_gear.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bulleid_chain_valve_gear.gif/300px-Bulleid_chain_valve_gear.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bulleid_chain_valve_gear.gif/450px-Bulleid_chain_valve_gear.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bulleid_chain_valve_gear.gif/600px-Bulleid_chain_valve_gear.gif 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption>Bulleid chain valve gear</figcaption></figure> <p>Three 18 inches (46 cm) diameter cylinders drove the centre coupled axle. The inside cylinder was steeply inclined at 1:7.5, but the outside cylinders were all horizontal.<sup id="cite_ref-Locomotive_Publishing_Co._18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Locomotive_Publishing_Co.-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was originally intended to use a gear-driven <a href="/wiki/Valve_gear" title="Valve gear">valve gear</a>, but space restrictions within the <a href="/wiki/Locomotive_frame" title="Locomotive frame">frames</a> and wartime material shortages led Bulleid to design his novel <a href="/wiki/Bulleid_chain-driven_valve_gear" title="Bulleid chain-driven valve gear">chain-driven valve gear</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This component was unique amongst British locomotive design practices.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It later gained a bad reputation, because it could cause highly irregular valve events, a problem compounded by the fast-moving Bulleid <a href="/wiki/Steam_reverser" class="mw-redirect" title="Steam reverser">steam reverser</a>. The entire system was located in a sealed oil bath, another unique design, providing constant lubrication to the moving parts.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The locomotives were equipped with the unusual 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) <a href="/wiki/Bulleid_Firth_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulleid Firth Brown">Bulleid Firth Brown</a> (BFB) driving wheels which both lighter and stronger than the spoked equivalent.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley3_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These proved to be successful and were later used on other Bulleid classes. The leading <a href="/wiki/Bogie" title="Bogie">bogie</a> was based upon that of the <a href="/wiki/SR_Lord_Nelson_class" title="SR Lord Nelson class">SR Lord Nelson class</a>, although it had a 6 ft 3 in (1.90 m) <a href="/wiki/Wheelbase" title="Wheelbase">wheelbase</a> as opposed to Maunsell's 7 ft 6 in (2.28 m) design, and featured 3 ft 1 in (0.94 m) BFB wheels.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A long coupled driving wheelbase was incorporated into the design, to keep the locomotives within the lineal loading of the Southern Railway's narrower bridges.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The supporting rear trailing truck was a one-piece steel casting that gave the smoothest of rides; the design was utilised in the future <a href="/wiki/BR_Standard_Class_7" title="BR Standard Class 7">BR Standard Class 7</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bullied_Firth_Brown_Boxpok_wheel.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An almost solid disc (not spoked) locomotive wheel with a series of cast-in radial indentations and prominent round holes intended to reduce its weight." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bullied_Firth_Brown_Boxpok_wheel.JPG/170px-Bullied_Firth_Brown_Boxpok_wheel.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bullied_Firth_Brown_Boxpok_wheel.JPG/255px-Bullied_Firth_Brown_Boxpok_wheel.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bullied_Firth_Brown_Boxpok_wheel.JPG/340px-Bullied_Firth_Brown_Boxpok_wheel.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2714" data-file-height="2688" /></a><figcaption>A driving wheel of the distinctive <a href="/wiki/Bulleid_Firth_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulleid Firth Brown">Bulleid Firth Brown</a> design, seen here on No. 35010 <i>Blue Star</i>. Note the balance weight on the lower right, a feature not present on the Merchant Navy locomotives as-built.</figcaption></figure> <p>The spaces between driving wheels housed steam-powered clasp brakes, that gripped the wheels by way of a "scissor" action.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two middle brake hangers held two brake blocks each, whilst the two outside hanger on the leading and rear driving wheels held one block each.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These were connected together by outside rodding for ease of access, and the whole system was operated from the footplate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boiler_and_welded_firebox">Boiler and welded firebox</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Boiler and welded firebox"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The maximum boiler pressure was higher than any other British regular service locomotive (except the <a href="/wiki/GWR_1000_Class" title="GWR 1000 Class">GWR County class</a>) at 280 <a href="/wiki/Pounds_per_square_inch" class="mw-redirect" title="Pounds per square inch">psi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bulleid decided on cheaper all-welded fireboxes for the boilers as opposed to more common riveted construction, and a steel inner firebox which was 1.5 long tons (1.5 t) lighter than a more usual copper example.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley3_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two welded steel <a href="/wiki/Thermic_syphon" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermic syphon">thermic syphons</a> were implemented to improve water circulation around the firebox <sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and these were subcontracted to <a href="/wiki/Beyer_Peacock" class="mw-redirect" title="Beyer Peacock">Beyer Peacock</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However he soon discovered that the Southern Railway lacked the facilities to manufacture welded boilers of this size,<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley3_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so the first ten boilers were ordered on outside contract from the <a href="/wiki/North_British_Locomotive_Company" title="North British Locomotive Company">North British Locomotive Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley3_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air-smoothed_casing,_smokebox_and_blastpipe"><span id="Air-smoothed_casing.2C_smokebox_and_blastpipe"></span>Air-smoothed casing, smokebox and blastpipe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Air-smoothed casing, smokebox and blastpipe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waterloo_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2650465-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waterloo_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2650465-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/220px-Waterloo_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2650465-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waterloo_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2650465-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/330px-Waterloo_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2650465-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waterloo_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2650465-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/440px-Waterloo_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2650465-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption>21C18 <i>British India Line</i> hauling the <i><a href="/wiki/Bournemouth_Belle" title="Bournemouth Belle">Bournemouth Belle</a></i> in 1946</figcaption></figure> <p>The boiler was enveloped by Bulleid's air-smoothed sheet-steel casing, which was not for the purposes of <a href="/wiki/Streamliner" title="Streamliner">streamlining</a>, as demonstrated by the extremely flat front end, but as a way of lifting exhaust gases.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley5_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley5-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The flat sides were also an aid to cleaning the locomotive with mechanical carriage washers, representing an attempt to reduce labour costs.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer2_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It followed the profile of the Belpaire firebox and extended to a curved profile forward of the <a href="/wiki/Smokebox" title="Smokebox">smokebox</a> front.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spun glass mattresses were used for boiler lagging.<sup id="cite_ref-Locomotive_Publishing_Co._18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Locomotive_Publishing_Co.-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The smokebox was a sheet metal fabrication to the same profile as the firebox, acting as a former to maintain the shape of the air-smoothed casing.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In between, the casing was supported by channel-section steel crinolines (strengtheners used to maintain the shape) attached to the frames. The smokebox housed the five-nozzle <a href="/wiki/Jean_Lema%C3%AEtre" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Lemaître">Lemaître</a> <a href="/wiki/Blastpipe" title="Blastpipe">blastpipe</a> arranged in a circle within a large-diameter chimney.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tender">Tender</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tender"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bulleid designed a new 5,000 imperial gallons (22,730 L; 6,000 US gal) <a href="/wiki/Tender_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Tender locomotive">tender</a> which could carry 5 tons (5.1 t) of coal on a six-wheel chassis.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It featured BFB wheels and <a href="/wiki/Streamliner" title="Streamliner">streamlined panels</a>, or "raves", that gave the top of the tender a similar cross-sectional outline to the <a href="/wiki/Carriage" title="Carriage">carriages</a> hauled by the locomotive.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The water tank was of welded sheet construction to save weight, and the tender was fitted with vacuum braking equipment of a clasp-type similar to that used on the locomotive.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three train-brake vacuum reservoirs of cylindrical construction were grouped on the tank top, behind the coal space.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley4_22-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unusually for a British locomotive, two extra water filler caps were incorporated into the tender front, for access from the footplate. The original tender design proved to be inadequately braced and subject to serious leakage if even slightly damaged, or when water surges caused the welded joints to split. The problem was not solved until 1944 when additional baffling was fitted.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley13_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley13-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_innovations">Other innovations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other innovations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric">Electric</a> lighting was also provided on both the locomotive and the <a href="/wiki/Footplate" title="Footplate">footplate</a>, supplied by a steam-powered generator fitted below the footplate.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gauges were lit by <a href="/wiki/Ultra-violet_light" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra-violet light">ultra-violet light</a>. This enabled clearer night-time vision of the boiler steam pressure gauge and the brake pipe vacuum gauge, whilst eliminating dazzle, making it easier for the crew to see signals along the track.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Close attention was also paid to the <a href="/wiki/Ergonomics" title="Ergonomics">ergonomics</a> of the driving cab, which was designed with the controls required for operation grouped according to the needs of both fireman and driver, thus promoting safe operation.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As an aid to the <a href="/wiki/Fireman_(locomotive)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fireman (locomotive)">fireman</a>, a steam-operated treadle was provided that used steam <a href="/wiki/Pressure" title="Pressure">pressure</a> to open the firehole doors (where the coal is shovelled into the <a href="/wiki/Firebox_(steam_engine)" title="Firebox (steam engine)">firebox</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The footplate was entirely enclosed, improving crew working conditions in winter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction">Construction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For construction history of the class, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_SR_Merchant_Navy_class_locomotives" title="List of SR Merchant Navy class locomotives">List of SR Merchant Navy class locomotives</a>.</div> <p>The Southern Railway placed an order for ten of the new locomotives to be built at <a href="/wiki/Eastleigh_Works" title="Eastleigh Works">Eastleigh Works</a>, although the boilers had to be supplied from private industry and the <a href="/wiki/Tender_(rail)" title="Tender (rail)">tenders</a> were built at Ashford.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prototype was completed in February 1941, numbered 21C1, and named <i>Channel Packet</i> at a ceremony at Eastleigh works on 10 March 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It underwent extensive trials and minor modifications before joining Southern Railway stock 4 June 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second prototype, 21C2 <i>Union Castle</i> was completed in June and named at <a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_station" title="London Victoria station">Victoria railway station</a> 4 July. Both prototypes were found to be seven tons over the specified weight, and, at the insistence of the Southern Railway <a href="/wiki/Civil_Engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Engineer">Civil Engineer</a>, production of the remainder was halted until steps were taken to remedy this.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was achieved by using thinner steel plates for the <a href="/wiki/Locomotive_frame" title="Locomotive frame">frame</a> stretchers and covering the <a href="/wiki/Fire-tube_boiler" title="Fire-tube boiler">boiler</a> cladding, and enlarging the existing <a href="/wiki/Lightening_holes" title="Lightening holes">lightening holes</a> in the main frames.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remaining eight locomotives in the batch were delivered between September 1941 and July 1942. </p><p>A second batch of ten followed, beginning in December 1944 and culminating in June 1945. These were entirely constructed at Eastleigh<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and equipped with 5,100-imperial-gallon (23,190 L; 6,120 US gal) <a href="/wiki/Tender_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Tender locomotive">tenders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey6_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey6-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Merchant Navy class spawned the design and construction of a lighter version of the same locomotive with consequently increased <a href="/wiki/Route_availability" title="Route availability">route availability</a>. These were the <a href="/wiki/SR_West_Country_and_Battle_of_Britain_classes" title="SR West Country and Battle of Britain classes">West Country and Battle of Britain class</a> <i>Light Pacifics</i>, the first of which entered service in 1945. </p><p>Just prior to the <a href="/wiki/Nationalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalisation">nationalisation</a> of the railways in 1948, the Southern Railway placed an order for ten more Merchant Navy locomotives, with larger 6,000-imperial-gallon (27,280 L; 7,210 US gal) <a href="/wiki/Tender_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Tender locomotive">tenders</a>. A shortage of materials meant that delivery was delayed until September 1948, and completed in 1949; the batch never carried Southern Railway numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Eastleigh_railway_works" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastleigh railway works">Eastleigh</a> was responsible for the construction of the final batch, which were in the series 35021–35030.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey10_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey10-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction was undertaken in-house by Eastleigh works, with the boilers and tenders constructed at <a href="/wiki/Brighton_railway_works" title="Brighton railway works">Brighton</a>, the frames at <a href="/wiki/Ashford_railway_works" title="Ashford railway works">Ashford</a> and the rest at Eastleigh.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey10_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey10-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These were equipped with wedge-shaped cab fronts from the outset, and greater use of welding ensured lighter locomotives. The batch was also fitted with the <a href="/wiki/TIA_(water_treatment)" class="mw-redirect" title="TIA (water treatment)">TIA</a> ("Traitement Integral Armand") chemical feed-water equipment used on the <i>Light Pacifics</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley6_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley6-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This precipitated scale-forming constituents in the "hard-water" of southern England into a non-adhesive mud that could be cleared from the locomotive using a manual "blow-down" valve.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley6_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley6-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A delay in the construction of the new larger tenders for the new locomotives meant that some were fitted with the smaller examples intended for use with <i>Light Pacifics</i> that were under construction at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley6_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley6-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two spare boilers for the class were also constructed at Brighton and Eastleigh during 1950/1. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Numbering_and_naming_the_locomotives">Numbering and naming the locomotives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Numbering and naming the locomotives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For details of names, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_SR_Merchant_Navy_class_locomotives" title="List of SR Merchant Navy class locomotives">List of SR Merchant Navy class locomotives</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canpac_Nameplate.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A Merchant Navy class enamelled metal nameplate mounted on the side of the locomotive boiler. The nameplate comprises a circle, containing a picture of the company flag of the shipping line, and two rectangles on either side containing the class name. In a larger circle bordering the central flag is the name of the shipping line." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Canpac_Nameplate.JPG/220px-Canpac_Nameplate.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Canpac_Nameplate.JPG/330px-Canpac_Nameplate.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Canpac_Nameplate.JPG/440px-Canpac_Nameplate.JPG 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption>Nameplate configuration of the Merchant Navy class (here 35005 <i>Canadian Pacific</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Bulleid adopted a new numbering scheme for all his locomotives based on <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Continental</a> practice, following his experiences at the French branch of <a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Westinghouse Electric">Westinghouse Electric</a> before the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, and those of his tenure in the rail operating department during that conflict. The Southern Railway numbers followed an adaptation of the <a href="/wiki/UIC_classification_of_locomotive_axle_arrangements" title="UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements">UIC classification</a> system of using letters and numbers to designate the powered and unpowered axles, together with a running number. Thus the first <a href="/wiki/4-6-2" title="4-6-2">4-6-2</a> locomotive became <i>21C1</i> – where "2" and "1" refer to the number of unpowered leading and trailing axles respectively, and "C" refers to the number of driving axles, in this case three.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remainder were numbered 21C2-21C20. The scheme was abandoned by <a href="/wiki/British_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="British Railways">British Railways</a> in 1949 and the existing locomotives were renumbered under the British Railways standard system in the series 35001-35020; the final batch appeared in traffic as 35021-35030.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Southern Railway considered naming the locomotives after victories of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, to the extent that a mocked-up nameplate <i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_River_Plate" title="Battle of the River Plate">River Plate</a></i> was produced.<sup id="cite_ref-Burridge2_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burridge2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the event, when early successes for the British proved few and far between, the chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Union-Castle_Line" title="Union-Castle Line">Union-Castle Line</a> suggested naming them after shipping companies which had called at <a href="/wiki/Southampton_Docks" class="mw-redirect" title="Southampton Docks">Southampton Docks</a> in peacetime.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This idea resonated in 1941 because the shipping lines were heavily involved in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">Atlantic convoys</a> to and from <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">Britain</a> during the Second World War.<sup id="cite_ref-Burridge2_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burridge2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A new design of nameplate was created, featuring a circular plate with a smaller circle in the centre. The inner circle carried the colours of the shipping company on a stylised flag, on an <a href="/wiki/Air_force_blue" class="mw-redirect" title="Air force blue">air force blue</a> background. Around the outer circle was the name of the locomotive, picked out in <a href="/wiki/Gilding" title="Gilding">gilt</a> lettering. A horizontal rectangular plate was attached to either side of the circular nameplate, with "Merchant Navy Class" in gilt lettering.<sup id="cite_ref-Burridge2_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burridge2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This acted as a class plate, as indicated on the nameplate photograph, above left. </p><p>During their operational career, the class gained several nicknames; the most obvious, <i>Bulleid Pacific</i>, simply denoted the designer and wheel arrangement. The colloquial name <i>Spam Can</i> arose from their utilitarian appearance, enhanced by the flat, boxy air-smoothed casing, and the resemblance of this to the distinctive <a href="/wiki/Tin_can" class="mw-redirect" title="Tin can">tin cans</a> in which <a href="/wiki/Spam_(food)" title="Spam (food)">SPAM</a> was sold.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring,_Peter_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring,_Peter-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nickname <i>Packets</i> was also adopted by locomotive drivers, as the first member of the class was named <i>Channel Packet</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_details">Operational details</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Operational details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the class appeared during the War, there were no heavily laden Continental Boat Trains from <a href="/wiki/Dover" title="Dover">Dover</a> and <a href="/wiki/Folkestone" title="Folkestone">Folkestone</a>, for which they had been designed. They were, however, used on express trains on the <a href="/wiki/South_West_Main_Line" title="South West Main Line">South West Main Line</a> to <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a> and to <a href="/wiki/Exeter" title="Exeter">Exeter</a> .<sup id="cite_ref-Whitehouse1_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitehouse1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1945, a series of test runs were made between <a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_station" title="London Victoria station">London Victoria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dover_Marine_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Dover Marine railway station">Dover</a> and from October the class were used on the resumed Continental expresses.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley13_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley13-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prestigious <a href="/wiki/Bournemouth_Belle" title="Bournemouth Belle">Bournemouth Belle</a> <a href="/wiki/Pullman_(car_or_coach)" title="Pullman (car or coach)">Pullman</a> train was reinstated in October 1946 and entrusted to the class for the next two decades. However, their heavy axle loading and length meant that they were banned from many areas of the Southern Railway, and, later, the British Railways <a href="/wiki/Southern_Region_of_British_Railways" title="Southern Region of British Railways">Southern Region</a> network.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitehouse1_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitehouse1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subsequent_development">Subsequent development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Subsequent development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As mentioned, the main production batch of Southern-built locomotives differed from the two prototypes, <i>Channel Packet</i> and <i>Union Castle</i>. The steam-operated firehole door treadle was removed, and a new type of boiler cladding was utilised in response to the worsening supply situation during the Second World War.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey8_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey8-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modification was also made to the air-smoothed casing surrounding the smokebox after reports were made of drifting smoke obscuring the locomotive crew's vision ahead. Initially, the only form of smoke deflection was a narrow slot in front of the chimney, intended to enable air to lift the smoke when the locomotive was travelling. This proved inadequate because of the relatively soft exhaust blast that came from the multiple-jet <a href="/wiki/Blastpipe" title="Blastpipe">blastpipe</a>, which failed to be caught by the air flow.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey4_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey4-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After several trials, the air flow was increased by extending the casing roof over the front of the smokebox to form a cowling whilst side smoke deflector plates were also incorporated into the front of the air-smoothed casing. The latter added to the poor visibility from the footplate and the expedients combined never fully solved the smoke drift problem.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey5_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey5-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vauxhall_during_1948_Exchange_trials_geograph-2650408-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Vauxhall_during_1948_Exchange_trials_geograph-2650408-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/220px-Vauxhall_during_1948_Exchange_trials_geograph-2650408-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Vauxhall_during_1948_Exchange_trials_geograph-2650408-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/330px-Vauxhall_during_1948_Exchange_trials_geograph-2650408-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Vauxhall_during_1948_Exchange_trials_geograph-2650408-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/440px-Vauxhall_during_1948_Exchange_trials_geograph-2650408-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="695" /></a><figcaption>35017 <i>Belgian Marine</i> during the 1948 Locomotive Exchange Trials</figcaption></figure> <p>During the time they operated under the Southern Railway, further modifications were applied to the class, such as the reduction in boiler pressure to 250 <a href="/wiki/Pound_per_square_inch" title="Pound per square inch">psi</a> (1.72 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">MPa</a>) and the redesign of the footplate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spectacle_plate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spectacle plate (page does not exist)">spectacle plates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitehouse3_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitehouse3-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These are the small <a href="/wiki/Window" title="Window">windows</a> on the front face of the cab, which were redesigned to a wedge-shaped profile, a feature to be seen on all Bulleid-designed locomotives post-nationalisation.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had been introduced in Britain in 1934 with the <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Gresley" title="Nigel Gresley">Gresley</a>-designed <i><a href="/wiki/LNER_Class_P2" title="LNER Class P2">Cock o' the North</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally, the spectacle plates of the Bulleid Pacifics were at the conventional right-angle to the direction of the locomotive, and offered limited vision ahead along the air-smoothed casing.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer3_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer3-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Southern-built batches also had variations in the material used for the air-smoothed casing with a change from sheet steel to an <a href="/wiki/Asbestos" title="Asbestos">asbestos</a> compound, forced upon the manufacturer by wartime expediency.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey8_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey8-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This resulted in several class members having a horizontal strengthening rib running down the length of the casing.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey8_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey8-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final Southern Railway-initiated experiment involved equipping 21C5 <i>Canadian Pacific</i> with a Berkeley mechanical stoker imported from <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Little improvement in performance was seen when trialled under British Railways auspices in 1948 and the locomotive was re-converted to hand-firing.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitehouse_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitehouse-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As mentioned, the British Railways batch had detail differences to previous versions. The most significant modification was the reduction of weight using lighter materials unavailable during wartime. From 1952 the air-smoothed casing ahead of the cylinders was removed to ease maintenance and lubrication.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey9_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey9-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This coincided with the removal of the tender 'raves' on all locomotives, as they quickly rotted, obstructed the packing of coal into the bunker and restricted the driver's view when reversing the locomotive.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resultant 'cut-down' tender included new, enclosed storage for fire-irons, revised step ladders and glass spectacle plates to protect the crew from flying coal dust when running tender-first.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Performance_of_the_unmodified_locomotives">Performance of the unmodified locomotives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Performance of the unmodified locomotives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Farnborough_Down_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2620910-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Farnborough_Down_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2620910-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/220px-Farnborough_Down_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2620910-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Farnborough_Down_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2620910-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/330px-Farnborough_Down_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2620910-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Farnborough_Down_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2620910-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg/440px-Farnborough_Down_%27Bournemouth_Belle%27_geograph-2620910-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2393" data-file-height="1415" /></a><figcaption>35012 <i>United States Lines</i> hauling the <i>Bournemouth Belle</i> in 1950</figcaption></figure> <p>The new locomotives demonstrated that they could generate enormous power using mediocre quality fuel, due largely to Bulleid's excellent boiler. They also ran very smoothly at high speed.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley7_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley7-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the first few years of service by the Merchant Navy class were beset by a variety of technical problems, partly as a result of having so many novel features. Some of these were merely <i>teething troubles</i>, but others remained with the class throughout their working lives. These may be summarised as follows: </p> <ul><li>Adhesion problems. The locomotives were often prone to <a href="/wiki/Locomotive_wheelslip" title="Locomotive wheelslip">wheelslip</a>, and required very careful driving when starting a heavy train from rest, but once into their stride they were noted for their free running, excellent steam production and being remarkably stable when hauling heavy expresses.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Maintenance problems. The chain driven valve gear proved to be expensive to maintain and subject to rapid wear. Leaks from the oil bath onto the wheels caused oil to splash onto the boiler lagging in service.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once saturated with oil, the lagging attracted <a href="/wiki/Coal_dust" title="Coal dust">coal dust</a> and ash which provided a combustible material, and as a result of the heavy braking of the locomotives, sparks would set the lagging on fire underneath the air-smoothed casing.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fires were also attributed to oil overflowing from <a href="/wiki/Axlebox" class="mw-redirect" title="Axlebox">axlebox</a> lubricators onto the wheels when stationary to be flung upwards into the boiler lagging in service.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In either case, the local fire brigade would invariably be called to put the fire out, with cold water coming into contact with the hot boiler, causing stress to the casing. Many photographs show an unmodified locomotive with a 'buckled' (warped) casing, the result of a lagging fire.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>High fuel consumption. This became very apparent in the <a href="/wiki/1948_Locomotive_Exchange_Trials" title="1948 Locomotive Exchange Trials">1948 Locomotive Exchange Trials</a> and at trials at the Rugby locomotive testing plant in 1952.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley8_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was largely attributed to the variability of valve events due to the chain-driven valve gear.</li> <li>Restricted driver visibility due to the air-smoothed casing. The exhaust problem was never adequately resolved, and continued to beat down onto the air-smoothed casing when the engine was on the move, obscuring the driver's vision from the cab.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer4_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer4-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>As a result of these problems, in 1954 serious consideration was given to scrapping the class and replacing them with <a href="/wiki/BR_Standard_Class_7" title="BR Standard Class 7">Britannia class</a> locomotives.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley9_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley9-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the locomotives had excellent boilers and several other good features and so the decision was taken to rebuild them, removing several of Bulleid's less successful ideas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modification">Modification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Modification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style=";">BR Modified Merchant Navy class<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Merchant_Navy_Class_%22Clan_Line%22_35028_reversing_at_Swindon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1112229.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A posed side-and-front view of the rebuilt form of the locomotive, standing in the sidings of a locomotive depot. The locomotive is of conventional appearance, with a visible boiler and no flat covering plates. Smoke deflectors are fitted at the front of the locomotive." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Merchant_Navy_Class_%22Clan_Line%22_35028_reversing_at_Swindon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1112229.jpg/300px-Merchant_Navy_Class_%22Clan_Line%22_35028_reversing_at_Swindon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1112229.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Merchant_Navy_Class_%22Clan_Line%22_35028_reversing_at_Swindon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1112229.jpg/450px-Merchant_Navy_Class_%22Clan_Line%22_35028_reversing_at_Swindon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1112229.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Merchant_Navy_Class_%22Clan_Line%22_35028_reversing_at_Swindon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1112229.jpg/600px-Merchant_Navy_Class_%22Clan_Line%22_35028_reversing_at_Swindon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1112229.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="416" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">35028 "Clan Line" as modified without the air-smoothed casing and with <a href="/wiki/Walschaerts_valve_gear" title="Walschaerts valve gear">Walschaerts valve gear</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Type and origin</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Power type</th><td class="infobox-data">Steam</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/R._G._Jarvis" class="mw-redirect" title="R. G. Jarvis">R. G. Jarvis</a> after <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Bulleid" title="Oliver Bulleid">Oliver Bulleid</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Rebuilder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eastleigh_Works" title="Eastleigh Works">Eastleigh Works</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Rebuild date</th><td class="infobox-data">1956–1960</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Number rebuilt</th><td class="infobox-data">30</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Configuration:<br /></th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • <a href="/wiki/Whyte_notation" title="Whyte notation">Whyte</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4-6-2 (<a href="/wiki/4-6-2" title="4-6-2">Pacific</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Leading_wheel" title="Leading wheel">Leading dia.</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 ft 1 in (0.940 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Driving_wheel" title="Driving wheel">Driver</a> dia.</th><td class="infobox-data">6 ft 2 in (1.880 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Trailing_wheel" title="Trailing wheel">Trailing dia.</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 ft 7 in (1.092 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">71 ft 7 in (21.82 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Loco weight</th><td class="infobox-data">97.90 long tons (99.5 t)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Fuel type</th><td class="infobox-data">Coal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Fuel capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">5 long tons (5.1 t)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Water cap.</th><td class="infobox-data">6,000 imp gal (27,280 L; 7,210 US gal)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Firebox:</th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Grate area</th><td class="infobox-data">48.5 sq ft (4.51 m<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Boiler pressure</th><td class="infobox-data">250 psi (1.72 MPa)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(locomotive)" title="Cylinder (locomotive)">Cylinders</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(locomotive)" title="Cylinder (locomotive)">Cylinder size</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 in × 24 in (457 mm × 610 mm)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Performance figures</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Tractive_effort" title="Tractive effort">Tractive effort</a></th><td class="infobox-data">33,495 lbf (149.0 kN)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Career</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Operators</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="British Railways">British Railways</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="/wiki/Class_(locomotive)" title="Class (locomotive)">Class</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Merchant Navy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Power class</th><td class="infobox-data">8P</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_West_Main_Line" title="South West Main Line">South West Main Line</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Withdrawn</th><td class="infobox-data">1964–1967</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Disposition</th><td class="infobox-data">11 preserved, remainder <a href="/wiki/Scrap" title="Scrap">scrapped</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Partially because of the Crewkerne incident, and due to the incessant modification of Bulleid's original design, British Railways took the decision to rebuild the entire class to a more conventional design by <a href="/wiki/R._G._Jarvis" class="mw-redirect" title="R. G. Jarvis">R. G. Jarvis</a>, adopting many features from the <a href="/wiki/BR_standard_classes" title="BR standard classes">BR 'Standard' locomotive classes</a> that had been introduced since 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The air-smoothed casing was removed and replaced with conventional boiler <a href="/wiki/Cladding_(boiler)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cladding (boiler)">cladding</a>, and the chain-driven valve gear was replaced with three separate sets of <a href="/wiki/Walschaerts_valve_gear" title="Walschaerts valve gear">Walschaerts valve gear</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer15_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer15-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rebuilds were provided with a completely revised cylindrical smokebox, a new Lord Nelson-type chimney and LMS-style smoke deflectors.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer5_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer5-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together with the lack of air-smoothed casing, these helped reduce the problem of smoke and steam obscuring the driver's vision of the line.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer5_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer5-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fast-moving and unpredictable Bulleid <a href="/wiki/Steam_reverser" class="mw-redirect" title="Steam reverser">steam reverser</a> was replaced with a screw-link version, whilst the <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_lubricator" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanical lubricator">mechanical lubricators</a> were moved to the footplates along the boiler sides.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley15_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley15-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sanding was also added to the leading driving axle, whilst rearward application was incorporated to the middle driving axle.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley14_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley14-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first 'modified' locomotive to be released from Eastleigh was 35018 <i>British India Line</i> in 1956. The final example, 35028 <i>Clan Line</i>, was completed in 1960. The success of the modification programme for the Merchant Navy class was also to influence the design of the future modification of 60 'Light Pacifics'.<sup id="cite_ref-Creer16_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creer16-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Performance_of_the_modified_locomotives">Performance of the modified locomotives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Performance of the modified locomotives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is no doubt that rebuilding the class solved most of the maintenance problems, whilst retaining the good features, thereby creating excellent locomotives. One minor drawback was that the 'modifieds' put greater loads on the track as a result of <a href="/wiki/Hammer_blow" title="Hammer blow">hammerblow</a>, caused by the balance weights for the outside Walschaerts valve gear, whereas the original valve gear design was largely self-balanced.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring_20-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 June 1967, 35003 <i>Royal Mail</i> recorded the highest speed ever for the class. Hauling a train comprising three carriages and two parcels vans (164 tons tare, 180 tons gross) between <a href="/wiki/Weymouth_railway_station" title="Weymouth railway station">Weymouth</a> and <a href="/wiki/London_Waterloo_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="London Waterloo railway station">Waterloo</a>, the mile between milepost 38 and milepost 37 (located between <a href="/wiki/Winchfield_railway_station" title="Winchfield railway station">Winchfield</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fleet_railway_station" title="Fleet railway station">Fleet</a>) was covered in 34 seconds, a speed of 105.88 mph. This was also the last authenticated speed in excess of 100 mph achieved by a steam locomotive in the United Kingdom,<sup id="cite_ref-SR388_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SR388-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until the same mark was attained in 2017 by <a href="/wiki/LNER_Peppercorn_Class_A1_60163_Tornado#100_mph_run" title="LNER Peppercorn Class A1 60163 Tornado"><i>Tornado</i></a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents_and_incidents">Accidents and incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>On 17 December 1942, No. 21C6 <i>Peninsular & Oriental S. N. Co.</i> sustained a broken chain near <a href="/wiki/Honiton_railway_station" title="Honiton railway station">Honiton</a>. The sump was fractured leading to an oil fire.<sup id="cite_ref-SWpreview_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SWpreview-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 7 October 1943, No. 21C1 <i>Channel Packet</i> sustained a broken chain at <a href="/wiki/Salisbury_railway_station" title="Salisbury railway station">Salisbury</a>. The sump was fractured leading to an oil fire.<sup id="cite_ref-SWpreview_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SWpreview-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 29 January 1945, No. 21C12 <i>United States Lines</i> sustained a broken chain.<sup id="cite_ref-SWpreview_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SWpreview-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 24 April 1953, the <a href="/wiki/Crank_axle" class="mw-redirect" title="Crank axle">crank axle</a> on the central driving wheel of No. 35020 "Bibby Line" fractured whilst approaching <a href="/wiki/Crewkerne_railway_station" title="Crewkerne railway station">Crewkerne station</a> at speed.<sup id="cite_ref-Leigh_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leigh-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No-one was injured, but the incident resulted in the withdrawal of all Merchant Navy class locomotives from service whilst the cause was ascertained.<sup id="cite_ref-Leigh1_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leigh1-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An examination of other class members showed that the fracture, caused by metal fatigue, was a common fault.<sup id="cite_ref-Leigh2_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leigh2-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To cover the motive power shortage caused by the mass withdrawal of thirty locomotives, classes from other British Railways regions were drafted in to deputise.<sup id="cite_ref-Strange_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strange-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The incident resulted in a redesign and replacement of the crank axle.<sup id="cite_ref-Leigh1_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leigh1-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Withdrawal">Withdrawal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Withdrawal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Their principal work was on the <a href="/wiki/South_West_Main_Line" title="South West Main Line">South West Main Line</a> to <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bournemouth" title="Bournemouth">Bournemouth</a> until 1967. However, the main reason why the class began to be withdrawn in 1964 was the transfer of the main line between Salisbury and Exeter to the Western Region and the introduction of <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_42" title="British Rail Class 42">"Warship" class</a> <a href="/wiki/Diesel-hydraulic_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel-hydraulic locomotive">diesel-hydraulic locomotives</a> on these services. The rebuilt locomotives were therefore withdrawn relatively soon after their rebuilding, whilst still in excellent condition. The first two to be withdrawn were the second prototype 35002 <i>Union Castle</i> and 35015 <i>Rotterdam Lloyd</i> in February 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nearly half of the class had been withdrawn by the end of 1965, but seven survived until the end of steam on the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Region_of_British_Railways" title="Southern Region of British Railways">Southern Region</a> in the summer of 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-steam_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steam-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Table of withdrawals </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Quantity in<br />service at<br /> start of year</th> <th>Number withdrawn</th> <th>Quantity<br />withdrawn</th> <th>Locomotive numbers </th></tr> <tr> <td>1964</td> <td>30</td> <td>7</td> <td>7</td> <td align="left">35001–02/06/09/15/18/25 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1965</td> <td>23</td> <td>7</td> <td>14</td> <td align="left">35004–05/16/19–21/24 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966</td> <td>16</td> <td>6</td> <td>20</td> <td align="left">35010–11/17/22/27/29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967</td> <td>10</td> <td>10</td> <td>30</td> <td align="left">35003/07–08/12–14/23/26/28/30 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preservation">Preservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Preservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:35028_Clan_Line_hauling_VSOE_British_Pullman,_west_of_Bath,_2013.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/35028_Clan_Line_hauling_VSOE_British_Pullman%2C_west_of_Bath%2C_2013.JPG/280px-35028_Clan_Line_hauling_VSOE_British_Pullman%2C_west_of_Bath%2C_2013.JPG" decoding="async" width="280" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/35028_Clan_Line_hauling_VSOE_British_Pullman%2C_west_of_Bath%2C_2013.JPG/420px-35028_Clan_Line_hauling_VSOE_British_Pullman%2C_west_of_Bath%2C_2013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/35028_Clan_Line_hauling_VSOE_British_Pullman%2C_west_of_Bath%2C_2013.JPG/560px-35028_Clan_Line_hauling_VSOE_British_Pullman%2C_west_of_Bath%2C_2013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4380" data-file-height="2046" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35028_Clan_Line" title="SR Merchant Navy Class 35028 Clan Line">35028 <i>Clan Line</i></a> hauling the <a href="/wiki/Venice-Simplon_Orient_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Venice-Simplon Orient Express">VSOE</a> <i>British Pullman</i> in 2013, west of <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Eleven of the class survived into preservation, thanks largely to the high workload of <a href="/wiki/Woodham_Brothers" title="Woodham Brothers">Woodham Brothers</a> <a href="/wiki/Scrapyard" class="mw-redirect" title="Scrapyard">Scrapyard</a> in <a href="/wiki/Barry,_Vale_of_Glamorgan" title="Barry, Vale of Glamorgan">Barry, Vale of Glamorgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Wales" title="South Wales">South Wales</a>, which found it easier and more lucrative to scrap railway wagons, keeping the more technical steam locomotives for a downturn in workload. Five of the surviving Merchant Navies have run in preservation: 35005, 35006, 35018, 35027 and 35028. Three members of the class, 35005, 35018 and 35028, have operated on the mainline in preservation. </p><p>Ten locomotives ended up at the Barry Scrapyard. One however, <a href="/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35028_Clan_Line" title="SR Merchant Navy Class 35028 Clan Line">No. 35028 <i>Clan Line</i></a>, was purchased by the Merchant Navy Locomotive Preservation Society direct from British Railways service in 1967. <i>Clan Line</i> has since been regarded as the flagship of the class.<sup id="cite_ref-Herring_20-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five examples have returned to steam, but it is unlikely that many of the remainder will do so,<sup id="cite_ref-Langston_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Langston-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as the class is too large and heavy for use on most of today's heritage railways. </p><p>As the entire fleet was rebuilt from 1956 onwards, no examples exist in their original condition, although a team is attempting to reverse-engineer No. 35011 <i>General Steam Navigation</i> with its air-smoothed casing and chain-driven valve gear.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other relics of the class have survived in the guise of locomotive nameplates and smokebox number plates, which were taken from their locomotives towards the end of steam on the British Railways Southern Region in the 1960s. As a result, many exist in private collections and several have been seen at auctions, selling for several thousands of pounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Railway_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Railway-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preserved_Merchant_Navy_class_locomotives">Preserved Merchant Navy class locomotives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Preserved Merchant Navy class locomotives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For details of all Merchant Navy locos, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_SR_Merchant_Navy_class_locomotives" title="List of SR Merchant Navy class locomotives">List of SR Merchant Navy class locomotives</a>.</div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th align="left">Number </th> <th align="left">Name </th> <th align="left">Built </th> <th align="left">Rebuilt </th> <th align="left">Withdrawn </th> <th align="left">Service life </th> <th align="left">Location </th> <th align="left">Livery </th> <th align="left">Status </th> <th align="left">Main line certified </th> <th align="left">Image </th> <th align="left">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">35005 </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/CP_Ships" title="CP Ships">Canadian Pacific</a> </td> <td align="center">Dec 1941 </td> <td align="center">May 1959 </td> <td align="center">Oct 1965 </td> <td align="center">23 Years, 10 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Eastleigh_Works" title="Eastleigh Works">Eastleigh Works</a> </td> <td align="left">BR Lined Green, Late Crest (on completion) </td> <td align="left">Under overhaul </td> <td align="center">No </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Merchant_Navy_Class_35005_%22Canadian_Pacific%22_outside_Ropley_loco_shed_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1516044.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Merchant_Navy_Class_35005_%22Canadian_Pacific%22_outside_Ropley_loco_shed_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1516044.jpg/150px-Merchant_Navy_Class_35005_%22Canadian_Pacific%22_outside_Ropley_loco_shed_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1516044.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Merchant_Navy_Class_35005_%22Canadian_Pacific%22_outside_Ropley_loco_shed_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1516044.jpg/225px-Merchant_Navy_Class_35005_%22Canadian_Pacific%22_outside_Ropley_loco_shed_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1516044.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Merchant_Navy_Class_35005_%22Canadian_Pacific%22_outside_Ropley_loco_shed_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1516044.jpg/300px-Merchant_Navy_Class_35005_%22Canadian_Pacific%22_outside_Ropley_loco_shed_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1516044.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="445" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left">Owned by Mid Hants Railway Preservation Society </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35006_Peninsular_%26_Oriental_S.N._Co." class="mw-redirect" title="SR Merchant Navy Class 35006 Peninsular & Oriental S.N. Co.">35006</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/P%26O_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="P&O (company)">Peninsular & Oriental S.N. Co.</a> </td> <td align="center">Dec 1941 </td> <td align="center">Oct 1959 </td> <td align="center">Aug 1964 </td> <td align="center">22 Years, 8 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Warwickshire_Railway" title="Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway">Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway</a> </td> <td align="left">BR Lined Green, Late Crest </td> <td align="left">Operational, boiler ticket expires 2025 </td> <td align="center">No </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35006_Toddington_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35006_Toddington_%282%29.jpg/150px-SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35006_Toddington_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35006_Toddington_%282%29.jpg/225px-SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35006_Toddington_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35006_Toddington_%282%29.jpg/300px-SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35006_Toddington_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2088" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35009_Shaw_Savill" title="SR Merchant Navy Class 35009 Shaw Savill">35009</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Shaw_Savill_Line" title="Shaw Savill Line">Shaw Savill</a> </td> <td align="center">Jul 1942 </td> <td align="center">Mar 1957 </td> <td align="center">Sept 1964 </td> <td align="center">22 Years, 2 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/East_Lancashire_Railway" title="East Lancashire Railway">East Lancashire Railway</a> </td> <td align="left">N/A </td> <td align="left">Undergoing restoration from scrapyard condition </td> <td align="center">No, to be certified </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Woodhams_Yard_Barry_5_(1362232462).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Woodhams_Yard_Barry_5_%281362232462%29.jpg/150px-Woodhams_Yard_Barry_5_%281362232462%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Woodhams_Yard_Barry_5_%281362232462%29.jpg/225px-Woodhams_Yard_Barry_5_%281362232462%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Woodhams_Yard_Barry_5_%281362232462%29.jpg/300px-Woodhams_Yard_Barry_5_%281362232462%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="791" data-file-height="533" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left">Owned by Ian Riley of <a href="/wiki/Riley_%26_Son" title="Riley & Son">Riley & Son</a>, Bury </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">35010 </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Blue_Star_Line" title="Blue Star Line">Blue Star</a> </td> <td align="center">Aug 1942 </td> <td align="center">Jan 1957 </td> <td align="center">Sept 1966 </td> <td align="center">24 Years, 1 month </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Colne_Valley_Railway" title="Colne Valley Railway">Colne Valley Railway</a> </td> <td align="left">N/A </td> <td align="left">Stored, awaiting restoration </td> <td align="center">No </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:35010_Blue_Star_at_Colne_Valley_Railway_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/35010_Blue_Star_at_Colne_Valley_Railway_3.jpg/150px-35010_Blue_Star_at_Colne_Valley_Railway_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/35010_Blue_Star_at_Colne_Valley_Railway_3.jpg/225px-35010_Blue_Star_at_Colne_Valley_Railway_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/35010_Blue_Star_at_Colne_Valley_Railway_3.jpg/300px-35010_Blue_Star_at_Colne_Valley_Railway_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2664" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">35011 </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/General_Steam_Navigation_Company" title="General Steam Navigation Company">General Steam Navigation</a> </td> <td align="center">Dec 1944 </td> <td align="center">Jul 1959 </td> <td align="center">Feb 1966 </td> <td align="center">21 Years, 2 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Swindon_and_Cricklade_Railway" title="Swindon and Cricklade Railway">Swindon and Cricklade Railway</a><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="left">N/A </td> <td align="left">Undergoing restoration to as-built condition with air-smoothed casing </td> <td align="center">No, to be certified </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SR_Merchant_Navy_35011_%22General_Steam_Navigation%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/SR_Merchant_Navy_35011_%22General_Steam_Navigation%22.jpg/150px-SR_Merchant_Navy_35011_%22General_Steam_Navigation%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/SR_Merchant_Navy_35011_%22General_Steam_Navigation%22.jpg/225px-SR_Merchant_Navy_35011_%22General_Steam_Navigation%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/SR_Merchant_Navy_35011_%22General_Steam_Navigation%22.jpg/300px-SR_Merchant_Navy_35011_%22General_Steam_Navigation%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35018_British_India_Line" title="SR Merchant Navy Class 35018 British India Line">35018</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British-India_Steam_Navigation_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British-India Steam Navigation Company">British India Line</a> </td> <td align="center">May 1945 </td> <td align="center">Feb 1956 </td> <td align="center">Aug 1964 </td> <td align="center">19 Years, 3 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Carnforth_MPD" title="Carnforth MPD">Carnforth MPD</a> </td> <td align="left">BR Lined Green, Late Crest </td> <td align="left">Operational, boiler ticket expires: 2027 </td> <td align="center">Yes (2017 – ongoing) </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_India_Line_arriving_in_Carlisle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/British_India_Line_arriving_in_Carlisle.jpg/150px-British_India_Line_arriving_in_Carlisle.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/British_India_Line_arriving_in_Carlisle.jpg/225px-British_India_Line_arriving_in_Carlisle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/British_India_Line_arriving_in_Carlisle.jpg/300px-British_India_Line_arriving_in_Carlisle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left">First of the class to be rebuilt </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35022_Holland_America_Line" title="SR Merchant Navy Class 35022 Holland America Line">35022</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Holland_America_Line" title="Holland America Line">Holland America Line</a> </td> <td align="center">Oct 1948 </td> <td align="center">Jun 1956 </td> <td align="center">May 1966 </td> <td align="center">17 Years, 7 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Crewe_Diesel_TMD" title="Crewe Diesel TMD">Crewe Diesel TMD</a> </td> <td align="left">N/A </td> <td align="left">Stored, awaiting restoration from scrapyard condition </td> <td align="center">No, to be certified </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35022_Holland_America_Line.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35022_Holland_America_Line.jpg/150px-SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35022_Holland_America_Line.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35022_Holland_America_Line.jpg/225px-SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35022_Holland_America_Line.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35022_Holland_America_Line.jpg/300px-SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35022_Holland_America_Line.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="2783" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">35025 </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Brocklebank_Line" title="Brocklebank Line">Brocklebank Line</a> </td> <td align="center">Nov 1948 </td> <td align="center">Dec 1956 </td> <td align="center">Sept 1964 </td> <td align="center">15 Years, 10 months </td> <td align="center">Private Site, Sellindge, Kent </td> <td align="left">N/A </td> <td align="left">Undergoing restoration from scrapyard condition<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">No </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BR(SR)_Jarvis_rebuild_of_SR_Bulleid_%22Merchant_Navy%22_(or_%22MN%22)_Class_4-6-2_No.35025.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/BR%28SR%29_Jarvis_rebuild_of_SR_Bulleid_%22Merchant_Navy%22_%28or_%22MN%22%29_Class_4-6-2_No.35025.jpg/150px-BR%28SR%29_Jarvis_rebuild_of_SR_Bulleid_%22Merchant_Navy%22_%28or_%22MN%22%29_Class_4-6-2_No.35025.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/BR%28SR%29_Jarvis_rebuild_of_SR_Bulleid_%22Merchant_Navy%22_%28or_%22MN%22%29_Class_4-6-2_No.35025.jpg/225px-BR%28SR%29_Jarvis_rebuild_of_SR_Bulleid_%22Merchant_Navy%22_%28or_%22MN%22%29_Class_4-6-2_No.35025.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/BR%28SR%29_Jarvis_rebuild_of_SR_Bulleid_%22Merchant_Navy%22_%28or_%22MN%22%29_Class_4-6-2_No.35025.jpg/300px-BR%28SR%29_Jarvis_rebuild_of_SR_Bulleid_%22Merchant_Navy%22_%28or_%22MN%22%29_Class_4-6-2_No.35025.jpg 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35027_Port_Line" title="SR Merchant Navy Class 35027 Port Line">35027</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Port_Line" title="Port Line">Port Line</a> </td> <td align="center">Dec 1948 </td> <td align="center">May 1957 </td> <td align="center">Sept 1966 </td> <td align="center">17 Years, 9 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Crewe_Diesel_TMD" title="Crewe Diesel TMD">Crewe Diesel TMD</a> </td> <td align="left">N/A </td> <td align="left">Stored, awaiting overhaul </td> <td align="center">No, to be certified </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:35027_Port_line_on_Bluebell_Railway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/35027_Port_line_on_Bluebell_Railway.jpg/150px-35027_Port_line_on_Bluebell_Railway.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/35027_Port_line_on_Bluebell_Railway.jpg/225px-35027_Port_line_on_Bluebell_Railway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/35027_Port_line_on_Bluebell_Railway.jpg/300px-35027_Port_line_on_Bluebell_Railway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="666" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left">Last ran in 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/SR_Merchant_Navy_Class_35028_Clan_Line" title="SR Merchant Navy Class 35028 Clan Line">35028</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Clan_Line" title="Clan Line">Clan Line</a> </td> <td align="center">Dec 1948 </td> <td align="center">Oct 1959 </td> <td align="center">Jul 1967 </td> <td align="center">18 Years, 7 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Stewarts_Lane" title="Stewarts Lane">Stewarts Lane TMD</a> </td> <td align="left">BR Lined Green, Late Crest </td> <td align="left">Undergoing Repairs, boiler ticket expires: 2034<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">Yes (2017 - ongoing) </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hugh_llewelyn_35028_(6956923664).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Hugh_llewelyn_35028_%286956923664%29.jpg/150px-Hugh_llewelyn_35028_%286956923664%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Hugh_llewelyn_35028_%286956923664%29.jpg/225px-Hugh_llewelyn_35028_%286956923664%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Hugh_llewelyn_35028_%286956923664%29.jpg/300px-Hugh_llewelyn_35028_%286956923664%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3051" data-file-height="2059" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left">Undergoing firebox repairs and retube.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">35029 </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Ellerman_Lines" title="Ellerman Lines">Ellerman Lines</a> </td> <td align="center">Feb 1949 </td> <td align="center">Sept 1959 </td> <td align="center">Jul 1966 </td> <td align="center">17 Years, 7 months </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/National_Railway_Museum" title="National Railway Museum">National Railway Museum</a> </td> <td align="left">BR Lined Green, Late Crest </td> <td align="left">Static display </td> <td align="center">No </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:35029_Ellerman_Lines_NRM_York.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/35029_Ellerman_Lines_NRM_York.jpg/150px-35029_Ellerman_Lines_NRM_York.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/35029_Ellerman_Lines_NRM_York.jpg/225px-35029_Ellerman_Lines_NRM_York.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/35029_Ellerman_Lines_NRM_York.jpg/300px-35029_Ellerman_Lines_NRM_York.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="685" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left">Sectioned on fireman's side to show internal workings </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Livery">Livery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Livery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southern_Railway">Southern Railway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Southern Railway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Livery was Southern Railway <a href="/wiki/Malachite_green" title="Malachite green">malachite green</a> with "sunshine yellow" horizontal lining and lettering.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first five locomotives were given a matt finish so as to obscure small irregularities in the casing.<sup id="cite_ref-Mannion_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mannion-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All class members that operated during the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> were eventually repainted in Southern Railway wartime black livery, with green-shaded "Sunshine" lettering.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this was reverted to malachite green livery upon the ending of hostilities. </p><p>21C1 <i>Channel Packet</i> originally had an inverted horseshoe on the smokebox door, indicating its Southern origin, but crews believed this to be unlucky.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A resultant re-design meant that this became a roundel, the gap being filled by the year of construction, so it acted as a builder's plate.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The background was painted red. Early members of the class had cast-iron numberplates and gilt 'Southern' plates on the tender, but these were subsequently replaced by transfers.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_Railways">British Railways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: British Railways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After <a href="/wiki/Nationalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalisation">nationalisation</a> in 1948, the locomotives' initial livery was a slightly modified Southern <a href="/wiki/Malachite_green" title="Malachite green">malachite green</a> livery, where "British Railways" replaced "Southern" in Sunshine Yellow lettering on the tender sides. The Bulleid numbering system was temporarily retained, with an additional "S" prefix, such as S21C1.<sup id="cite_ref-BiR_3-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A short-lived second livery was an experimental purple with red lining, as applied to 35024 <i>East Asiatic Company</i>. This was replaced by British Railways express passenger blue with black and white lining. From 1952, the locomotives carried the standard British Railways <a href="/wiki/Brunswick_green" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunswick green">Brunswick green</a> livery with orange and black lining and the British Railways crest on the tender tank sides. This livery was perpetuated after rebuilding.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_assessment">Operational assessment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Operational assessment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The class in both as-built and modified forms has been subject to a range of divergent opinions. The utilisation of welded steel construction and the various innovations that had not previously been seen in British locomotive design meant that the class earned Bulleid the title "Last Giant of Steam".<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The constant concern for ease of maintenance and utility had not previously been seen on locomotives of older design, whilst their highly efficient boilers represented the ultimate in British steam technology, the hallmark of a successful locomotive design.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitehouse_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitehouse-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this, the number of innovations introduced at the same time made the class unreliable and difficult to maintain during the first few years of service. Many of these difficulties were overcome during the rebuilding, leading to D.L. Bradley's statement that the modified locomotives were "the finest express locomotives to work in the country".<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley109_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley109-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Overall, the class was largely successful, with half of the locomotives completing more than 1 million miles in revenue-earning service.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley11_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley11-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Models">Models</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Models"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Makers of models of Merchant Navy locomotives include <a href="/wiki/Hornby_Railways" title="Hornby Railways">Hornby Railways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graham_Farish" title="Graham Farish">Graham Farish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trix_(company)" title="Trix (company)">Minitrix</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first <a href="/wiki/OO_gauge" title="OO gauge">OO gauge</a> model of an as-built locomotive was produced by Graham Farish in 1950 followed by Hornby/Wrenn in 1962 and by the modified version.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1959, <a href="/wiki/Tri-ang_Railways" title="Tri-ang Railways">Tri-ang Railways</a> produced a <a href="/wiki/TT_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="TT gauge">TT gauge</a> version of <i>Clan Line</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hornby and Graham Farish currently produce the rebuilt version of the class in OO gauge and <a href="/wiki/N_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="N gauge">N gauge</a> respectively. The Hornby model was introduced in the 2000 edition of the Hornby catalogue.<sup id="cite_ref-semgonline1_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-semgonline1-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of December 2010, fifteen members of the class have been produced.<sup id="cite_ref-semgonline1_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-semgonline1-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2015, Hornby announced the inclusion of a new as-built version of the class in OO gauge in their 2016 range; this model was subsequently postponed to the 2017 range. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_train.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/31px-P_train.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/47px-P_train.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/62px-P_train.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Trains" title="Portal:Trains">Trains portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_SR_Merchant_Navy_class_locomotives" title="List of SR Merchant Navy class locomotives">List of SR Merchant Navy class locomotives</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Harvey-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TnP-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TnP_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arlett (1989), pp. 29–30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BiR-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BiR_3-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Bulleids in Retrospect</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burridge3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Burridge3_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burridge (1975), p. 60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SR388-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SR388_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SR388_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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WordPress.com. 23 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201020114152/https://preservedbritishsteamlocomotives.com/35005-canadian-pacific-sr-21c5-br-s21c5-35005/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Preserved+British+Steam+Locomotives&rft.atitle=35005+Canadian+Pacific+%28SR+21C5%2C+BR+s21C5+%26+35005%29&rft.date=2017-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpreservedbritishsteamlocomotives.com%2F35005-canadian-pacific-sr-21c5-br-s21c5-35005%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LrWBBAAAQBAJ&q=merchant+navy+locomotive+top+speed"><i>Train: The Definitive Visual History</i></a>. Penguin. 2014. p. 270. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781465436580" title="Special:BookSources/9781465436580"><bdi>9781465436580</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019182931/https://books.google.com/books?id=LrWBBAAAQBAJ&q=merchant+navy+locomotive+top+speed">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Autumn 2018 (10): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>17. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15180%2F181010">10.15180/181010</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026215710/http://journal.sciencemuseum.org.uk/browse/issue-10/uncovering-the-secrets-of-canadian-pacific/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Museum+Group+Journal&rft.atitle=Uncovering+the+secrets+of+Canadian+Pacific&rft.volume=Autumn+2018&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E17&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15180%2F181010&rft.aulast=Peacock&rft.aufirst=Becky&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournal.sciencemuseum.org.uk%2Fbrowse%2Fissue-10%2Funcovering-the-secrets-of-canadian-pacific%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitehouse2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Whitehouse2_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitehouse & Thomas, p. 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitehouse1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whitehouse1_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitehouse1_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitehouse1_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitehouse1_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitehouse & Thomas, p. 59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_11-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p. 3-52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarsden" class="citation web cs1">Marsden, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lner.info/eng/bulleid.php">"Oliver Bulleid"</a>. <i>LNER Encyclopedia</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LNER+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Oliver+Bulleid&rft.aulast=Marsden&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lner.info%2Feng%2Fbulleid.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bulleid-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bulleid_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bulleid (1977), pp. 52–53</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpeareSmith" class="citation web cs1">Speare, Rob; Smith, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bulleidlocos.org.uk/(S(1maogpovg2nv4kysznrze1jw))/_mnor/mnOrHistory.aspx">"The Background To Bulleid's Revolutionary 'Merchant Navy' Class"</a>. <i>Bulleid Locos</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021183534/http://www.bulleidlocos.org.uk/_mnOr/mnOrHistory.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 21 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bulleid+Locos&rft.atitle=The+Background+To+Bulleid%27s+Revolutionary+%27Merchant+Navy%27+Class&rft.aulast=Speare&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft.au=Smith%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bulleidlocos.org.uk%2F%28S%281maogpovg2nv4kysznrze1jw%29%29%2F_mnor%2FmnOrHistory.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harvey2_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004), pp. 6–9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creer-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Creer_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Creer_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Creer & Morrison (2001), p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976) p.4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Locomotive_Publishing_Co.-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Locomotive_Publishing_Co._18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Locomotive_Publishing_Co._18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Locomotive Publishing Co. Ltd. (1945), p.49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.watercressline.co.uk/tw/pics/wc-valve.jpg">Chain-driven valve gear diagram</a>, retrieved 13 April 2007 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061230225436/http://www.watercressline.co.uk/tw/pics/wc-valve.jpg">Archived</a> 30 December 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herring-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Herring_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herring_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herring_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herring_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herring_20-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herring_20-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herring_20-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herring_20-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Herring (2000), pp. 148–149, 156–157</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley3-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley3_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley3_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley3_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley3_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley4-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley4_22-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley5-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley5_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creer2-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Creer2_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Creer & Morrison (2001), p. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley13-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley13_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley13_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p.19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Day-Lewis (1964), pp. 149–150</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey6-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harvey6_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004), p. 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey10-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey10_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey10_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004), pp. 46–50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley6-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley6_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley6_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradley6_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p. 22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ian Allan Abc 1958–59 "MN"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burridge2-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burridge2_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burridge2_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burridge2_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Burridge (1975), p. 61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Southern E-Group (2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_02.html">Bulleid MN "Merchant Navy" Class 4-6-2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121124603/http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_02.html">Archived</a> 21 November 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved April. 16, 2007. For details of the naming process.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herring,_Peter-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Herring,_Peter_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: The named reference <code>Herring, Peter</code> was invoked but never defined (see the <a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text">help page</a>).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey8-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey8_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey8_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey8_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004), p. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey4-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harvey4_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004), p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey5-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harvey5_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004), p. 40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitehouse3-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Whitehouse3_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitehouse & Thomas, p. 61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creer3-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Creer3_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Creer & Morrison (2001), pp. 40–41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitehouse-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whitehouse_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitehouse_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitehouse & Thomas, p. 47</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey9-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harvey9_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004), p. 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Southern E-Group (2008) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_ten.html">Removal of raves</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090206183734/http://semgonline.com/steam/mn_ten.html">Archived</a> 6 February 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, retrieved 14 September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Southern E-Group (2008) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_ten.html">Tender modifications</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090206183734/http://semgonline.com/steam/mn_ten.html">Archived</a> 6 February 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, retrieved 14 September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley7-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley7_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), pp. 11–14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Southern E-Group (2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_00.html">Bulleid MN "Merchant Navy" Class 4-6-2: Notes from a Bulleid Fundamentalist</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121164850/http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_00.html">Archived</a> 21 November 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 16 April 2007. For details on the lagging fires which were common on both Merchant Navys and <i>Light Pacifics</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Southern E-Group (2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_00.html">Bulleid MN "Merchant Navy" Class 4-6-2: Notes from a Bulleid Fundamentalist</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121164850/http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_00.html">Archived</a> 21 November 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 25 August 2010. For the cause of the lagging fires which were common on both Merchant Navys and <i>Light Pacifics</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley8-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley8_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), pp. 31–35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creer4-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Creer4_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Creer & Morrison (2001), p. 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley9-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley9_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p. 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Southern E-Group (2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_51.html">Modified Bulleid MN 'Merchant Navy' Class 4-6-2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080607064130/http://www.semgonline.com/steam/mn_51.html">Archived</a> 7 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 16 April 2007. For more pictures of the rebuilt locomotives.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creer15-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Creer15_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Creer & Morrison (2001), p. 94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creer5-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Creer5_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Creer5_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Creer & Morrison (2001), pp. 74–75</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley15-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley15_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p.41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley14-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley14_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p.42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creer16-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Creer16_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Creer & Morrison (2001), p. 96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SWpreview-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SWpreview_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SWpreview_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SWpreview_55-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Trials and Tribulations with the Merchant Navy Class 1941 – 1946". <i>The Southern Way</i> (Bumper Preview Issue). Southampton: Noodle Books: <span class="nowrap">6–</span>24. 2007. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9554110-2-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9554110-2-1"><bdi>978-0-9554110-2-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Southern+Way&rft.atitle=Trials+and+Tribulations+with+the+Merchant+Navy+Class+1941+%E2%80%93+1946&rft.issue=Bumper+Preview+Issue&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E6-%3C%2Fspan%3E24&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-9554110-2-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leigh-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Leigh_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leigh (1993), p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leigh1-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Leigh1_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leigh1_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Leigh (1993), p. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leigh2-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Leigh2_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leigh (1993), p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strange-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Strange_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leigh and Strange (1993), p. 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-steam-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-steam_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hicks (2007), pp. 57–61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brdatabase.info/locoqry.php?action=class&id=346202&type=S&page=fleet">"SR Bulleid "MN" Class 4-6-2"</a>. <i>www.brdatabase.info</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180418093217/http://www.brdatabase.info/locoqry.php?action=class&id=346202&type=S&page=fleet">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.brdatabase.info&rft.atitle=SR+Bulleid+%22MN%22+Class+4-6-2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brdatabase.info%2Flocoqry.php%3Faction%3Dclass%26id%3D346202%26type%3DS%26page%3Dfleet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Langston-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Langston_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Langston (2008), p. 112</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://35011gsn.co.uk/index.html">"General Steam Navigation Locomotive Restoration Society"</a>. <i>35011gsn.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211002103133/https://www.35011gsn.co.uk/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=35011gsn.co.uk&rft.atitle=General+Steam+Navigation+Locomotive+Restoration+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F35011gsn.co.uk%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Railway-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Railway_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Railway Magazine" (2007), p.25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://swindon-cricklade-railway.org/general-steam-navigation-35011/">"35011 General Steam Navigation"</a>. <i>Swindon and Cricklade Railway</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191221022117/https://swindon-cricklade-railway.org/general-steam-navigation-35011/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Swindon+and+Cricklade+Railway&rft.atitle=35011+General+Steam+Navigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fswindon-cricklade-railway.org%2Fgeneral-steam-navigation-35011%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.southern-locomotives.co.uk/35025/35025_Restoration.html">"35025 Brocklebank Line | Restoration"</a>. <i>www.southern-locomotives.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.southern-locomotives.co.uk&rft.atitle=35025+Brocklebank+Line+%7C+Restoration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.southern-locomotives.co.uk%2F35025%2F35025_Restoration.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clan-line.org.uk/news/progress-in-devon-10/">"Clan Line : Testing Has Started"</a>. <i>www.clan-line.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.clan-line.org.uk&rft.atitle=Clan+Line+%3A+Testing+Has+Started&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.clan-line.org.uk%2Fnews%2Fprogress-in-devon-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2022/10/steam-locomotive-35028-clan-line-withdrawn-from-service-for-repairs.html">"Steam locomotive 35028 Clan Line withdrawn from service for repairs"</a>. <i>RailAdvent</i>. 24 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RailAdvent&rft.atitle=Steam+locomotive+35028+Clan+Line+withdrawn+from+service+for+repairs&rft.date=2022-10-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.railadvent.co.uk%2F2022%2F10%2Fsteam-locomotive-35028-clan-line-withdrawn-from-service-for-repairs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mannion-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mannion_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mannion (1998), p. 72</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey (2004), p. 65</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Day-Lewis (1964), p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley109-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley109_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p. 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley11-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley11_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley (1976), p.53</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Russell (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://family-russell.net/SEmG/Nsteam.html">N Gauge RTR Steam Locos</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100720233727/http://family-russell.net/SEmG/Nsteam.html">Archived</a> 20 July 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 15 December 2010. For manufacturer details.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Russell (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://family-russell.net/SEmG/00steam.html">00 Gauge RTR Steam Locos</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723123928/http://family-russell.net/SEmG/00steam.html">Archived</a> 23 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 15 December 2010. For details of the earlier releases.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Triang Railways the first ten years</i>. Margate: Rovex Scale Models Ltd. 1959.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Triang+Railways+the+first+ten+years&rft.place=Margate&rft.pub=Rovex+Scale+Models+Ltd&rft.date=1959&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-semgonline1-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-semgonline1_77-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-semgonline1_77-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Southern E-Group (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semgonline.com/model/mnrev.html">Hornby's Modified Merchant Navy Class loco</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527041332/http://www.semgonline.com/model/mnrev.html">Archived</a> 27 May 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 15 December 2010. For details of the Hornby model.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em"> <ul><li>Arlett, Mike: <i>The Train Now Departing: Personal memories of the last days of steam</i> (London: BBC Books, 1989) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-563-20696-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-563-20696-9">0-563-20696-9</a></li> <li>Bradley, D.L. : <i>Locomotives of the Southern Railway. Part 2</i> (London: Railway correspondence and Travel Society, 1976) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-901115-31-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-901115-31-2">0-901115-31-2</a></li> <li>Bulleid, H. A. V.: <i>Bulleid of the Southern</i> (Hinckley: Ian Allan Publishing, 1977) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7110-0689-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7110-0689-X">0-7110-0689-X</a></li> <li><i>Bulleids in Retrospect</i>, Transport Video Publishing, Wheathampstead, Hertfordshire</li> <li>Burridge, Frank: <i>Nameplates of the Big Four</i> (Oxford Publishing Company: Oxford, 1975) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-902888-43-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-902888-43-9">0-902888-43-9</a></li> <li>Creer, S & Morrison, B: <i>The Power of the Bulleid Pacifics</i> (Oxford Publishing Company: Oxford, 2001) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86093-082-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-86093-082-3">0-86093-082-3</a></li> <li>Day-Lewis, S: <i>Bulleid, Last Giant of Steam</i> (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1964)</li> <li>Harvey, R. J.: <i>Bulleid 4-6-2 Merchant Navy Class (Locomotives in Detail series volume 1)</i> (Hinckley: Ian Allan Publishing, 2004), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7110-3013-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7110-3013-8">0-7110-3013-8</a></li> <li>Herring, Peter: <i>Classic British Steam Locomotives</i> (Abbeydale Press: London, 2000) Section "Merchant Navy Class" <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86147-057-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-86147-057-6">1-86147-057-6</a></li> <li>Hicks, Bryan: 'A Southern Calling' Part Two (<i>Steam World</i>: 244, October 2007)</li> <li><i>Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives</i>, winter 1958–59 edition</li> <li>Langston, Keith: <i>British Steam Preserved: Illustrated Comprehensive Listing of Ex-British Railways Steam Locomotives</i> (Horncastle: Morton's Media Group Ltd., 2008)</li> <li>Leigh, Chris: 'Crisis on the Southern: behind the scenes' (<i>Steam World</i>: 71, May 1993)</li> <li>Leigh, Chris and Strange, Richard: 'Crisis on the Southern; from the lineside' (<i>Steam World</i>: 71, May 1993)</li> <li>Leigh, Chris: <i>Crisis on the Southern: behind the scenes</i> (Steam World, 1993 (71)), pp. 6–9.</li> <li>Leigh, Chris and Strange, Richard: <i>Crisis on the Southern: from the lineside</i> (Steam World, 1993 (71)), pp. 10–13.</li> <li>Locomotive Publishing Co: <i>Modern locomotive classes</i> (Locomotive Publishing, 1945)</li> <li>Mannion, Roger J. <i>The Southern Pacifics</i> (Sutton Publishing: Stroud, 1998) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7509-1734-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7509-1734-2">0-7509-1734-2</a></li> <li><i>The Railway Magazine</i> (January, 2007)</li> <li>Whitehouse, Patrick & Thomas, David St.John: <i>SR 150: A Century and a Half of the Southern Railway</i> (Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 2002)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNock1960" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/O.S._Nock" class="mw-redirect" title="O.S. Nock">Nock, O.S.</a> (10 June 1960), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140304150750/http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/images/3/37/Er19600610.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Merchant Navy" Locomotives Performance and Efficiency Tests on Southern Region"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The Engineer</i>, <b>209</b>: <span class="nowrap">975–</span>979, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/images/3/37/Er19600610.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2014</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Engineer&rft.atitle=%22Merchant+Navy%22+Locomotives+Performance+and+Efficiency+Tests+on+Southern+Region&rft.volume=209&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E975-%3C%2Fspan%3E979&rft.date=1960-06-10&rft.aulast=Nock&rft.aufirst=O.S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gracesguide.co.uk%2Fimages%2F3%2F37%2FEr19600610.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASR+Merchant+Navy+class" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR_Merchant_Navy_class&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Richard_Maunsell" title="Richard Maunsell">Maunsell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SR_E1/R_class" title="SR E1/R class">E1/R class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SECR_K_and_SR_K1_classes" title="SECR K and SR K1 classes">K and K1 classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR_L1_class" title="SR L1 class">L1 class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR_Lord_Nelson_class" title="SR Lord Nelson class">Lord Nelson class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SECR_N_class" title="SECR N class">N class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SECR_N1_class" title="SECR N1 class">N1 class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSWR_N15_class" title="LSWR N15 class">N15 (King Arthur) class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR_N15X_class" title="SR N15X class">N15X class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR_Q_class" title="SR Q class">Q class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR_U_class" title="SR U class">U class</a></li> <li><a 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