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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gizartea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gizartea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Gizartea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gizartea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Historia azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Historiaurrea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historiaurrea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Historiaurrea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historiaurrea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Khoisan_eta_Batwa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Khoisan_eta_Batwa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Khoisan eta Batwa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Khoisan_eta_Batwa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bantuak_(Abantu)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bantuak_(Abantu)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Bantuak (Abantu)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bantuak_(Abantu)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bantuen_jatorria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bantuen_jatorria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Bantuen jatorria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bantuen_jatorria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banturen_lehen_kokalekua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banturen_lehen_kokalekua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Banturen lehen kokalekua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Banturen_lehen_kokalekua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banturen_bigarren_kokalekua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banturen_bigarren_kokalekua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span>Banturen bigarren kokalekua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Banturen_bigarren_kokalekua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Luba-Lunda_estatuak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Luba-Lunda_estatuak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.4</span> <span>Luba-Lunda estatuak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Luba-Lunda_estatuak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maravi_konfederazioa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maravi_konfederazioa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.5</span> <span>Maravi konfederazioa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maravi_konfederazioa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mutapa_Inperioa_eta_Mfecane" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mutapa_Inperioa_eta_Mfecane"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.6</span> <span>Mutapa Inperioa eta Mfecane</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mutapa_Inperioa_eta_Mfecane-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aro_koloniala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aro_koloniala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Aro koloniala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aro_koloniala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Europarrak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europarrak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>Europarrak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europarrak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hegoafrikako_konpainia_britainiarra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hegoafrikako_konpainia_britainiarra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.2</span> <span>Hegoafrikako konpainia britainiarra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hegoafrikako_konpainia_britainiarra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Britainiarren_kolonizazioa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Britainiarren_kolonizazioa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.3</span> <span>Britainiarren kolonizazioa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Britainiarren_kolonizazioa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Independentzia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Independentzia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Independentzia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Independentzia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Independentzia_ondoren" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Independentzia_ondoren"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Independentzia ondoren</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Independentzia_ondoren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arazo_ekonomikoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arazo_ekonomikoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6.1</span> <span>Arazo ekonomikoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arazo_ekonomikoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demokratizazioa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demokratizazioa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6.2</span> <span>Demokratizazioa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demokratizazioa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banaketa_administratiboa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banaketa_administratiboa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Banaketa administratiboa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Banaketa_administratiboa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hiri_nagusiak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hiri_nagusiak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Hiri nagusiak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hiri_nagusiak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ekonomia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekonomia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zambiar_ezagunak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zambiar_ezagunak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Zambiar ezagunak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zambiar_ezagunak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Eduki-taula" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Zambia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 248 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-248" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">248 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Замбиа – abkhaziera" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Замбиа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – acehnera" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="acehnera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambi%C3%AB" title="Zambië – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Zambië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Suitzako alemana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Suitzako alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%9B%E1%88%9D%E1%89%A2%E1%8B%AB" title="ዛምቢያ – amharera" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዛምቢያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – oboloera" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="oboloera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जाम्बिया – angikera" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="زامبيا – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="زامبيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="زامبيا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="زامبيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="زامبيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="زامبيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जाम्बिया – awadhiera" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="زامبیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="زامبیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – baliera" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="baliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamb%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Zambėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Zambėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambya" title="Sambya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sambya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Замбія – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Замбія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Замбія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Замбія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जांबिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जांबिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanbia" title="Zanbia – bambarera" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Zanbia" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="জাম্বিয়া – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাম্বিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="ཛམ་བི་ཡ། – tibetera" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཛམ་བི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="জাম্বিয়া – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="জাম্বিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambija" title="Zambija – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zambija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Замби – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Замби" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A0mbia" title="Zàmbia – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Zàmbia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Замби – txetxenera" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Замби" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="txetxenera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – cebuanoera" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – txeieneera" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="txeieneera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="زامبیا – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زامبیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamibia" title="Zamibia – korsikera" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Zamibia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambie" title="Zambie – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zambie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambi%C3%B4" title="Zambiô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Zambiô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Замби – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Замби" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhambia" title="Dhambia – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Dhambia" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambija" title="Sambija – behe-sorabiera" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Sambija" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="behe-sorabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जाम्बिया – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="जाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%92%DE%AC%DE%89%DE%B0%DE%84%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A7" title="ޒެމްބިއާ – dhivehia" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޒެމްބިއާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="dhivehia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – eweera" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="eweera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Ζάμπια – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ζάμπια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambio" title="Zambio – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Zambio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1mbia" title="Zámbia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Zámbia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="زامبیا – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زامبیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sammbiya" title="Sammbiya – fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Sammbiya" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – faroera" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambie" title="Zambie – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Zambie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – iparraldeko frisiera" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="iparraldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tSaimbia" title="An tSaimbia – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tSaimbia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – gagauzera" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauzera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanbi" title="Zanbi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Zanbi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saimbia" title="Saimbia – Eskoziako gaelikoa" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Saimbia" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Eskoziako gaelikoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1mbia" title="Sámbia – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Sámbia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9D%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="ઝામ્બિયા – gujaratera" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઝામ્બિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujaratera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Tambia" title="Yn Tambia – manxera" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Tambia" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94" title="זמביה – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זמביה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="ज़ाम्बिया – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ज़ाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambija" title="Zambija – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zambija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambija" title="Sambija – goi-sorabiera" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Sambija" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="goi-sorabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanbi" title="Zanbi – Haitiko kreolera" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Zanbi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitiko kreolera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Զամբիա – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Զամբիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Զամպիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Զամպիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – ibanera" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ibanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – interlinguea" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlinguea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – igboera" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igboera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – ilocanoera" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samb%C3%ADa" title="Sambía – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sambía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2" title="ザンビア – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ザンビア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/zambias" title="zambias – lojbana" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="zambias" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojbana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – javera" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ზამბია – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ზამბია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambya" title="Zambya – kabiliera" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Zambya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabiliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambii" title="Sambii – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sambii" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – kikongoa" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – kikuyuera" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyuera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8" title="ប្រទេសហ្សំប៊ី – khemerera" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ប្រទេសហ្សំប៊ី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khemerera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF" title="ಜಾಂಬಿಯ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಾಂಬಿಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%A0%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84" title="잠비아 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="잠비아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambi" title="Zambi – kornubiera" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Zambi" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornubiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – ladinoa" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladinoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – luxenburgera" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxenburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – lezginera" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezginera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – luganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="luganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – limburgera" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – liguriera" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – lombardiera" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambija" title="Zambija – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Zambija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambeja" title="Zambeja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Zambeja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambija" title="Zambija – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zambija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – mokxera" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81mipia" title="Tāmipia – maoriera" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tāmipia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maoriera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – minangkabauera" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabauera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Замбија – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Замбија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="സാംബിയ – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാംബിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Замби – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Замби" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%93%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯓꯥꯝꯕꯤꯌꯥ – manipurera" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯓꯥꯝꯕꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="झांबिया – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="झांबिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Замби – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Замби" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBambja" title="Żambja – maltera" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Żambja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%87%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဇမ်ဘီယာနိုင်ငံ – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဇမ်ဘီယာနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="زامبیا – mazandarandera" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="زامبیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – behe-alemana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="behe-alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – behe-saxoiera" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="behe-saxoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जाम्बिया – nepalera" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जाम्बिया – newarera" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nr mw-list-item"><a href="https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – hegoaldeko ndebeleera" lang="nr" hreflang="nr" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="IsiNdebele seSewula" data-language-local-name="hegoaldeko ndebeleera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiNdebele seSewula</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – pediera" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="pediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9%C3%A9hoo%C5%82ts%C3%B3dii_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Tééhoołtsódii Bikéyah – navajoera" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tééhoołtsódii Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – chewera" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="chewera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambii" title="Zambii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Zambii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaambiyaa" title="Zaambiyaa – oromoera" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Zaambiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Замби – osetiera" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Замби" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਜ਼ਾਂਬੀਆ – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜ਼ਾਂਬੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – pampangera" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampangera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – papiamentoa" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamentoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जाम्बिया – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="जाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="زیمبیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="زیمبیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="زامبيا – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="زامبيا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A2mbia" title="Zâmbia – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Zâmbia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampiya" title="Sampiya – kitxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sampiya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kitxua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Замбія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Замбія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – kinyaruanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyaruanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जाम्बिया – sanskritoa" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – sakhera" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ – santalera" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A0mbia" title="Zàmbia – sardiniera" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Zàmbia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambie" title="Zambie – eskoziera" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Zambie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="eskoziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="زيمبيا – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="زيمبيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – iparraldeko samiera" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="iparraldeko samiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamb%C3%AFi" title="Zambïi – sangoa" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Zambïi" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="sangoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambija" title="Zambija – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zambija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းၸမ်းပီးယႃး – shanera" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၸမ်းပီးယႃး" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="shanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="සැම්බියාව – sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සැම්බියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambija" title="Zambija – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zambija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – samoera" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Inariko samiera" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inariko samiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – shonera" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saambiya" title="Saambiya – somaliera" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Saambiya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Замбија – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Замбија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IZambiya" title="IZambiya – swatiera" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IZambiya" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swatiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – hegoaldeko sothoera" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="hegoaldeko sothoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia" title="Sambia – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sambia" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambijo" title="Zambijo – silesiera" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Zambijo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="சாம்பியா – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சாம்பியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="జాంబియా – telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జాంబియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศแซมเบีย – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศแซมเบีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%9B%E1%88%9D%E1%89%A2%E1%8B%AB" title="ዛምቢያ – tigrinyera" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ዛምቢያ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrinyera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambi%C3%BDa" title="Zambiýa – turkmenera" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Zambiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambij%C9%99" title="Zambijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Zambijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – tswanera" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="tswanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – tarokoera" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="tarokoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – tsongera" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsongera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – tumbukera" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbukera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Замбия – udmurtera" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Замбия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="زامبىيە – uigurrera" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="زامبىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurrera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Замбія – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Замбія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="زیمبیا – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="زیمبیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Zambiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A0nbia" title="Zànbia – veneziera" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Zànbia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambii" title="Zambii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Zambii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiy%C3%A4n" title="Zambiyän – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Zambiyän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saambi" title="Saambi – wolofera" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Saambi" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolofera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="赞比亚 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="赞比亚" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/EZambia" title="EZambia – xhosera" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="EZambia" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ზამბია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ზამბია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A2" title="זאמביע – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זאמביע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – jorubera" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – zhuangera" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuangera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%A5%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵥⴰⵎⴱⵢⴰ – amazigera estandarra" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵥⴰⵎⴱⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazigera estandarra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="赞比亚 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="赞比亚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="尚比亞 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="尚比亞" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Zambia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%8A%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="贊比亞 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="贊比亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IZambiya" title="IZambiya – zuluera" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IZambiya" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q953#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eztabaida:Zambia" rel="discussion" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aldatu hizkuntza aldaera" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">euskara</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ikusketak"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Zambia"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresnak" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresnak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tresnak</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ekintzak </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Zambia"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=history"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Orokorra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:ZerkLotzenDuHona/Zambia" title="Orri honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/Zambia" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&oldid=9823504" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura iraunkorra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=info" title="Orrialde honi buruzko informazio gehiago"><span>Orri honen datuak</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:CiteThisPage&page=Zambia&id=9823504&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Orri honen aipua egiteko moduari buruzko informazioa"><span>Artikulu hau aipatu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FZambia"><span>URL laburra lortu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FZambia"><span>QR kodea jaitsi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Inprimatu/esportatu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Zambia"><span>Liburu bat sortu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Zambia&action=show-download-screen"><span>Deskargatu PDF formatuan</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&printable=yes" title="Orrialde honen bertsio inprimagarria [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Inprimatzeko bertsioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beste proiektuetan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Zambia" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q953" title="Datuen biltegi elementu batera lotuta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata itema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itxura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:2px solid #ccc;">Zambiako Errepublika</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;">Republic of Zambia</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;"><b>Ereserkia</b>: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stand_and_Sing_of_Zambia,_Proud_and_Free&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stand and Sing of Zambia, Proud and Free (sortu gabe)">Stand and Sing of Zambia, Proud and Free</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463375?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="285" style="width:285px;" data-durationhint="113" data-mwtitle="Zambian_national_anthem.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f6/Zambian_national_anthem.oga/Zambian_national_anthem.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Zambian_national_anthem.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AZambian_national_anthem.oga&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AZambian_national_anthem.oga&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AZambian_national_anthem.oga&lang=ny&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ny" label="Chi-Chewa ‪(ny)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AZambian_national_anthem.oga&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體） ‪(zh-hant)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;">Goiburua: One Zambia, One Nation <br />(Zambia bat, aberri bat)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><table style="width: 100%; border: none; font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zambiako_bandera" title="Zambiako bandera"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/180px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/240px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flag of Zambia (sortu gabe)">flag of Zambia</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170814?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia.svg/69px-Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="69" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia.svg/103px-Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia.svg/138px-Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="870" /></a></span><br /><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coat of arms of Zambia (sortu gabe)">coat of arms of Zambia</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271213?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Zambia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Zambia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/285px-Zambia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="285" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Zambia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/428px-Zambia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Zambia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/570px-Zambia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"> Kokapena munduan </span></div><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Za-map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Za-map.png/285px-Za-map.png" decoding="async" width="285" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Za-map.png 1.5x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="348" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"> Mapa politikoa </span></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;border-top:2px solid #ccc; border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;">Geografia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Hiriburua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a><br /><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Berezi:Map/0/-15.42/28.28/eu" data-lat="-15.42" data-lon="28.28" data-overlays="["_f155b6d4daa4cb0c6e4a51f3e06146d004679bfb"]">15°25′12″S 28°16′48″E</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Azalera</th><td class="infobox-data">752.618 km² (<a href="/wiki/Zerrenda:Estatuak_azaleraren_arabera" title="Zerrenda:Estatuak azaleraren arabera">39.</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Punturik altuena</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mafinga_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mafinga Central (sortu gabe)">Mafinga Central</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18351462?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Punturik sakonena</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zambezi" title="Zambezi">Zambezi</a> (329 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Kontinentea</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Mugakideak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kongoko_Errepublika_Demokratikoa" title="Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa">Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mozambike" title="Mozambike">Mozambike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;border-top:2px solid #ccc; border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;">Administrazioa</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Gobernu-sistema</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Presidentzialismo" title="Presidentzialismo">presidentzialismo</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Ordezkaritzako_demokrazia" title="Ordezkaritzako demokrazia">demokrazia ordezkatzaile</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Zambiako presidentea</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hakainde_Hichilema" title="Hakainde Hichilema">Hakainde Hichilema</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Lungu" title="Edgar Lungu">Edgar Lungu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Legebiltzarra</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Assembly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Assembly (sortu gabe)">National Assembly</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784088?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Harreman diplomatikoak</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wikidata-logo-en.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wikidata-logo-en.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wikidata-logo-en.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></span></span> <a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3FdiplomaziaLabel%20%3Fshape%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22eu%2Ces%2Cfr%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%20%20%3Fherrialdea%20wdt%3AP17%20wd%3A%3B%0A%20%20%20%20wdt%3AP530%20%3Fdiplomazia.%0A%20%20%3Fdiplomazia%20wdt%3AP3896%20%3Fshape.%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20(%3FdiplomaziaLabel)">Ikusi mapa Wikidatan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Zeren kide</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Aduanen_Mundu_Erakundea" title="Aduanen Mundu Erakundea">Aduanen Mundu Erakundea</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Continental_Free_Trade_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Continental Free Trade Area (sortu gabe)">African Continental Free Trade Area</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50828855?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_SADC.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SADC.svg/14px-Flag_of_SADC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SADC.svg/21px-Flag_of_SADC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SADC.svg/28px-Flag_of_SADC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Australaren_Garapenerako_Komunitatea" title="Afrika Australaren Garapenerako Komunitatea">Afrika Australaren Garapenerako Komunitatea</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:African-Caribbean-And-Pacific-Group-Of-States-ACP-Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/African-Caribbean-And-Pacific-Group-Of-States-ACP-Flag.svg/14px-African-Caribbean-And-Pacific-Group-Of-States-ACP-Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/African-Caribbean-And-Pacific-Group-Of-States-ACP-Flag.svg/21px-African-Caribbean-And-Pacific-Group-Of-States-ACP-Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/African-Caribbean-And-Pacific-Group-Of-States-ACP-Flag.svg/28px-African-Caribbean-And-Pacific-Group-Of-States-ACP-Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Afrikako,_Karibeko_eta_Ozeano_Bareko_Herrialdeak" title="Afrikako, Karibeko eta Ozeano Bareko Herrialdeak">Afrikako, Karibeko eta Ozeano Bareko Herrialdeak</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/14px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/28px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Afrikako_Batasuna" title="Afrikako Batasuna">Afrikar Batasuna</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Arma_Kimikoak_Debekatzeko_Erakundea" title="Arma Kimikoak Debekatzeko Erakundea">Arma Kimikoak Debekatzeko Erakundea</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Arma_Nuklearrak_Ez_Ugaritzeko_Ituna" title="Arma Nuklearrak Ez Ugaritzeko Ituna">Arma Nuklearren Ez Ugaritze Hitzarmena</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Berreraikuntza_eta_Garapeneko_Nazioarteko_Bankua" title="Berreraikuntza eta Garapeneko Nazioarteko Bankua">Berreraikuntza eta Garapeneko Nazioarteko Bankua</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Infobox_Commonwealth_of_Nations_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Infobox_Commonwealth_of_Nations_flag.svg/14px-Infobox_Commonwealth_of_Nations_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Infobox_Commonwealth_of_Nations_flag.svg/21px-Infobox_Commonwealth_of_Nations_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Infobox_Commonwealth_of_Nations_flag.svg/28px-Infobox_Commonwealth_of_Nations_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(erakundea)" title="Commonwealth (erakundea)">Commonwealth</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_IAEA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_IAEA.svg/14px-Flag_of_IAEA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_IAEA.svg/21px-Flag_of_IAEA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_IAEA.svg/28px-Flag_of_IAEA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Energia_Atomikoaren_Nazioarteko_Agentzia" title="Energia Atomikoaren Nazioarteko Agentzia">Energia Atomikoaren Nazioarteko Agentzia</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Estandarizaziorako_Nazioarteko_Erakundea" title="Estandarizaziorako Nazioarteko Erakundea">Estandarizaziorako Nazioarteko Erakundea</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/FAO" title="FAO">FAO</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Garapeneko_Afrikako_Bankua" title="Garapeneko Afrikako Bankua">Garapeneko Afrikako Bankua</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Group_of_77&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Group of 77 (sortu gabe)">Group of 77</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477328?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_ICAO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_ICAO.svg/14px-Flag_of_ICAO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_ICAO.svg/21px-Flag_of_ICAO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_ICAO.svg/28px-Flag_of_ICAO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hegazkineria_Zibilaren_Nazioarteko_Erakundea" title="Hegazkineria Zibilaren Nazioarteko Erakundea">Hegazkineria Zibilaren Nazioarteko Erakundea</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Centre_for_Settlement_of_Investment_Disputes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (sortu gabe)">International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899770?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Confederation_of_Free_Trade_Unions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (sortu gabe)">International Confederation of Free Trade Unions</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138589?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development (sortu gabe)">International Fund for Agricultural Development</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689859?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Lomeko_Hitzarmena" title="Lomeko Hitzarmena">Lomeko Hitzarmena</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Munduko_Merkataritza_Erakundea" title="Munduko Merkataritza Erakundea">Merkataritzaren Mundu Erakundea</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Migraziorako_Nazioarteko_Erakundea" title="Migraziorako Nazioarteko Erakundea">Migraziorako Nazioarteko Erakundea</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Multilateral_Investment_Guarantee_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (sortu gabe)">Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043527?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_the_World_Meteorological_Organization.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_the_World_Meteorological_Organization.svg/14px-Flag_of_the_World_Meteorological_Organization.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_the_World_Meteorological_Organization.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_World_Meteorological_Organization.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_the_World_Meteorological_Organization.svg/28px-Flag_of_the_World_Meteorological_Organization.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Munduko_Meteorologia_Erakundea" title="Munduko Meteorologia Erakundea">Munduko Meteorologia Erakundea</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/14px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/28px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazio_Batuen_Erakundea" title="Nazio Batuen Erakundea">Nazio Batuen Erakundea</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Nazioarteko_Diru_Funtsa" title="Nazioarteko Diru Funtsa">Nazioarteko Diru Funtsa</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Nazioarteko_Finantza_Korporazioa" title="Nazioarteko Finantza Korporazioa">Nazioarteko Finantza Korporazioa</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Nazioarteko_Garapen_Elkartea" title="Nazioarteko Garapen Elkartea">Nazioarteko Garapen Elkartea</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_ILO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_ILO.svg/14px-Flag_of_ILO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_ILO.svg/21px-Flag_of_ILO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_ILO.svg/28px-Flag_of_ILO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazioarteko_Lan_Erakundea" title="Nazioarteko Lan Erakundea">Nazioarteko Lan Erakundea</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Nazioarteko_Olinpiar_Batzordea" title="Nazioarteko Olinpiar Batzordea">Nazioarteko Olinpiar Batzordea</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Nazioarteko_Zigor_Auzitegia" title="Nazioarteko Zigor Auzitegia">Nazioarteko Zigor Auzitegia</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_WHO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_WHO.svg/14px-Flag_of_WHO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_WHO.svg/21px-Flag_of_WHO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_WHO.svg/28px-Flag_of_WHO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Munduko_Osasun_Erakundea" title="Munduko Osasun Erakundea">Osasunaren Mundu Erakundea</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_UPU.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_UPU.svg/14px-Flag_of_UPU.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_UPU.svg/21px-Flag_of_UPU.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_UPU.svg/28px-Flag_of_UPU.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Posta-Batasun_Unibertsala" title="Posta-Batasun Unibertsala">Posta Batasun Unibertsala</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Telekomunikazioen_Batasun_Internazionala" title="Telekomunikazioen Batasun Internazionala">Telekomunikazioen Batasun Internazionala</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_UNESCO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_UNESCO.svg/14px-Flag_of_UNESCO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_UNESCO.svg/21px-Flag_of_UNESCO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_UNESCO.svg/28px-Flag_of_UNESCO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations%E2%80%93African_Union_Hybrid_Operation_in_Darfur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations–African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur (sortu gabe)">United Nations–African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384535?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;border-top:2px solid #ccc; border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;">Demografia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Biztanleria</th><td class="infobox-data">19.610.769</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Dentsitatea</th><td class="infobox-data">26,06 bizt/km²<small> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zerrenda:Estatuak_biztanleria_dentsitatearen_arabera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zerrenda:Estatuak biztanleria dentsitatearen arabera (sortu gabe)">191.</a>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Hizkuntza ofizialak</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Ingeles" title="Ingeles">ingeles</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Erabilitako hizkuntzak</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Ingeles" title="Ingeles">ingeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingeles" title="Ingeles">ingeles</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Congo_Swahili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Congo Swahili (sortu gabe)">Congo Swahili</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10961696?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yauma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yauma (sortu gabe)">Yauma</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599826?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mambwe-Lungu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mambwe-Lungu (sortu gabe)">Mambwe-Lungu</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626210?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bwile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bwile (sortu gabe)">Bwile</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3447440?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mwanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mwanga (sortu gabe)">Mwanga</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6944666?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbukushu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbukushu (sortu gabe)">Mbukushu</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2691548?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aushi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aushi (sortu gabe)">Aushi</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2872082?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nkoya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nkoya (sortu gabe)">Nkoya</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7042633?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Totela" class="mw-redirect" title="Totela">Totela</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10962316?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbowe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbowe (sortu gabe)">Mbowe</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10962309?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mashi (sortu gabe)">Mashi</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10962737?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Settler_Swahili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Settler Swahili (sortu gabe)">Settler Swahili</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7456938?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nsenga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nsenga (sortu gabe)">Nsenga</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3081996?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simaa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simaa (sortu gabe)">Simaa</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7517329?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ila (sortu gabe)">Ila</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5996885?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7557754" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q7557754">Soli</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7557754?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4121130" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q4121130">Kunda</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4121130?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyiha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyiha (sortu gabe)">Nyiha</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11128374?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabwa (sortu gabe)">Tabwa</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7673650?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luyana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luyana (sortu gabe)">Luyana</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3268098?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuhane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuhane (sortu gabe)">Kuhane</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6442073?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lala-Bisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lala-Bisa (sortu gabe)">Lala-Bisa</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6480112?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lenje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lenje (sortu gabe)">Lenje</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522666?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lambya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lambya (sortu gabe)">Lambya</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6481626?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_Sign_Language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zambian Sign Language (sortu gabe)">Zambian Sign Language</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8065713?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamba (sortu gabe)">Lamba</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36098?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Txewera" title="Txewera">txewera</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bemba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bemba (sortu gabe)">Bemba</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33052?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luvale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luvale (sortu gabe)">Luvale</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33597?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lunda (sortu gabe)">Lunda</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33607?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lozi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lozi (sortu gabe)">Lozi</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33628?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaonde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaonde (sortu gabe)">Kaonde</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33601?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Shonera" title="Shonera">Shonera</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tumbuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tumbuka (sortu gabe)">Tumbuka</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34138?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Tongera_(Zambia_eta_Zimbabwe)" title="Tongera (Zambia eta Zimbabwe)">tongera</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbunda (sortu gabe)">Mbunda</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34170?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sala (sortu gabe)">Sala</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10961665?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyika (sortu gabe)">Nyika</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13123491?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Ezkontzeko adina</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q27177113" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q27177113">genero guztiak</a>: 25</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Emankortasun-tasa</th><td class="infobox-data">5,353 <small>(2014)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Bizi-itxaropena</th><td class="infobox-data">61,874 <small>(2016)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Giniren_koefiziente" title="Giniren koefiziente">Giniren koefizientea</a></th><td class="infobox-data">57,1 <small>(2015)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Giza garapen indizea</th><td class="infobox-data">0,565 <small>(2021)</small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;border-top:2px solid #ccc; border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;">Ekonomia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">BPG nominala</th><td class="infobox-data">25.808.666.421,556 $ <small>(2017)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">BPG per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">1.513 $ <small>(2017)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">BPG erosketa botere paritarioa</th><td class="infobox-data">68.933.603.590 nazioarteko dolar <small>(2017)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">BPG per capita EAPn</th><td class="infobox-data">4.032,589 nazioarteko dolar <small>(2017)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">BPGaren hazkuntza erreala</th><td class="infobox-data">3 % <small>(2016)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Erreserbak</th><td class="infobox-data">2.082.083.919 $ <small>(2017)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Inflazioa</th><td class="infobox-data">7,5 % <small>(2016)</small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;border-top:2px solid #ccc; border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;">Historia</th></tr><tr style="text-align: left;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><b>Sorrera data</b>: <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Urriaren_24" title="Urriaren 24">urriaren 24a</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;border-top:2px solid #ccc; border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;">Bestelako informazioa</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Aurrezenbakia</th><td class="infobox-data">+260</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">ISO 3166-1 alpha-2</th><td class="infobox-data">ZM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">ISO 3166-1 alpha-3</th><td class="infobox-data">ZMB</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Ordu eremua</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a> <br />: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4689508" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q4689508">Africa/Lusaka</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4689508?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </dd></dl></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Elektrizitatea</th><td class="infobox-data">230 V. 50 Hz.<a href="/w/index.php?title=Europar_loki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europar loki (sortu gabe)">europar loki</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=AC_power_plugs_and_sockets:_British_and_related_types&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types (sortu gabe)">AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60740126?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=BS_1363&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BS 1363 (sortu gabe)">BS 1363</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1528507?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Internet domeinua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.zm" title=".zm">.zm</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statehouse.gov.zm">statehouse.gov.zm</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Zambia</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (izen ofiziala <b>Zambiako Errepublika</b> da) <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrikako</a> ekialdean kokatuta dagoen herrialdea da eta <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a> haren hiriburu eta hiri handiena. Hiri nagusiak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitwe (sortu gabe)">Kitwe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ndola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ndola (sortu gabe)">Ndola</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mufulira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mufulira (sortu gabe)">Mufulira</a> dira. Hizkuntza ofiziala ingelesa da. <a href="/wiki/Kobre" title="Kobre">Kobrearen</a> ustiaketa ekonomia jarduera nagusia izan da, <a href="/wiki/1970eko_hamarkada" title="1970eko hamarkada">1970eko hamarkadan</a> krisialdi larrian sartu zen arte. </p><p><br /> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografia">Geografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Geografia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geografia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iparraldean <a href="/wiki/Kongoko_Errepublika_Demokratikoa" title="Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa">Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa</a>, ipar-ekialdean <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>, ekialdean <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a>, hegoaldean <a href="/wiki/Mozambike" title="Mozambike">Mozambike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a>, eta mendebaldean <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> herrialde mugakideak ditu. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Afrikako_Aintzira_Handiak" title="Afrikako Aintzira Handiak">Afrikako Laku Handiak</a> izeneko eskualde handian kokatuta, <a href="/wiki/Tanganyika" title="Tanganyika">Tanganyika lakua</a> herrialdeko iparraldean dago. Bestela, <a href="/wiki/Zambezi" title="Zambezi">Zambezi</a> ibairik luzeena du, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_ur-jauziak" title="Victoria ur-jauziak">Victoria ur-jauziak</a> sortzen dituena. </p><p>1.000 eta 1.500 m arteko garaiera duen goi-ordoki zabal laua da Zambiako ia lurralde osoa. Iparraldean <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutxinga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutxinga (sortu gabe)">Mutxingako</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbala (sortu gabe)">Mbalako</a> goi-ordokiko mendiak daude. Mutxingako mendiak (2.200 m) ura Kongo eta <a href="/wiki/Zambezi" title="Zambezi">Zambezi</a> ibaietara isurtzen duten ibaien banalerro dira. Ipar-ekialdean <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mufing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mufing (sortu gabe)">Mufingko</a> mendiak daude (2.100 m). Zambiak <a href="/wiki/Rift" class="mw-redirect" title="Rift">rift</a> erako ibar batzuk ditu; horien arteko luzeena Luangwa ibaiarena da (560 km). Ipar-ekialdean, Bangweuluko padura munduko handienetakoa da (10.400 km<sup>2</sup>). Zambeze da Zambiako ibai handiena; zenbait tokitan ur-lasterrek eta ur-jauzi handiek ibaian ontziz ibiltzea eragozten dute; Luangwa du adar nagusia. Zambiako aintziren artean aipagarriak dira Zaireko Shabarekin muga egiten duen <a href="/wiki/Mweru" title="Mweru">Mweru</a>, Luapula ibaia urez hornitzen duen Bangweulu, eta Tanzaniarekin muga egiten duen Tanganika. Hegoaldean Karibako urtegia dago (440 km<sup>2</sup>). </p><p>Klima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Subekuatorial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subekuatorial (sortu gabe)">subekuatoriala</a> du Zambiak. Hiru sasoi bereizten dira: abuztu-urria bitarteko bero lehorra, azaro-apirilerako epel euritsua eta maiatz-uztaila bitarteko epel lehorra. Egun argiko batez besteko tenperatura hilabeterik beroenean (urria) 39 °C-koa da Balovalen, hego-mendebalean, eta 31 °C-koa Mbalan, iparraldean; hilabeterik <i>hotzenean</i> (ekaina), berriz, 26 °C-koa Lusakan, hegoaldean, eta 31 °C-koa Mbalan. Urtean zehar 600–800 mm euri izaten da hegoaldeko ibarretan, 800-1.000 mm erdialdeko eta ekialdeko goi-ordokietan, eta 1.000-1.350 mm ipar-ekialdeko lur garaietan. </p><p>Lurraldeko parte handiena zur bikaineko zuhaitzak dituzten <a href="/wiki/Sabana" title="Sabana">sabanek</a> eta larreek hartzen dute. Belardi horiek betabereen bazkaleku dira eta, besteak beste, elefante, leopardo, zebra, jirafa, hiena eta tximu mota askoren bizileku. Hego-mendebalean Rhodesiako <a href="/wiki/Teka_(zuhaitza)" title="Teka (zuhaitza)">teka</a> hazten da eta papiroa aintzira ertzetan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gizartea">Gizartea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Gizartea»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Gizartea"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>70 <a href="/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia">etniatik</a> gora bizi dira Zambian. Horien banaketa hau da: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benba (sortu gabe)">benba</a>, % 36,2; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maravi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maravi (sortu gabe)">maravi</a>, % 17,6; tonga, % 15,1; ipar-mendebaldarrak, % 10,1; barotze, % 8,2; manbwe, % 4,6; tunbuka, % 4,6; besteak, % 3,6. Hizkuntza ofizialaz gainera 70 bat hizkuntza eta dialekto erabiltzen dira. Biztanle gehienak <a href="/wiki/Bantu" title="Bantu">bantu</a> leinukoak dira, eta horiez gainera <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boskiman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boskiman (sortu gabe)">boskimanak</a> eta europar eta asiar batzuk ere badira. Erlijioen banaketa hau da: <a href="/wiki/Protestantismo" title="Protestantismo">protestantismoa</a>, % 34,2; <a href="/wiki/Katolizismo" title="Katolizismo">katolizismoa</a>, % 26,2; afrikar kristauak, % 8,3; <a href="/wiki/Animismo" title="Animismo">animismoa</a>, % 27; <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islama</a>, % 0,3; besteak, % 0,7. </p><p>Jaiotza tasa oso handia da (% 51,2) eta biztanleria bizkor ugaltzen ari da (% 37,5), halako moduan non 19 urtetan bikoiztu egingo dela uste baita. Jende gehiena Zambiako erdialdean bizi da, kobrearen ustiaketarekin zerikusia duten jarduerek hara erakarrita. Zambiako biztanleria oso gaztea da, zambiarren % 48k 15 urtetik behera ditu eta % 2 besterik ez da 65 urtetik gorakoa. Osasun egoera eta zerbitzuak, oro har, oso txarrak dira. Herrialdeko osasun arazo nagusiak tuberkulosia, legenarra, bizkarroiek eragindako eritasunak eta elikadura urritasunak eraginak dira. Zambiarren batez besteko bizi itxaropena 52 urtekoa da gizonezkoentzat eta 54 urtekoa emakumezkoentzat. Irakaskuntzari dagokionez, Afrikako herrialde aurreratuenetako bat da Zambia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historiaurrea">Historiaurrea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historiaurrea»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Historiaurrea"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zambezi haraneko eta Kalamboko ur-jauzietako indusketa arkeologikoek giza kulturen segida erakusten dute. Kalamboko ur-jauzien ondoan dauden antzinako kanpamenduen tresnak duela 36.000 urte baino gehiagokoak direla datatu ahal izan dira erradiokarbono bitartez. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Homo_rhodesiensis" title="Homo rhodesiensis">Broken Hill Man-en</a> (Kabwe Man ere deitua) garezur fosilak, K.a. 300.000 eta 125.000 urteen artean datatuak, eremu honetan gizaki goiztiarrak bizi zirela erakusten du<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Broken Hill Man Zambian aurkitu zuten, Kabwe barrutian. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Khoisan_eta_Batwa">Khoisan eta Batwa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Khoisan eta Batwa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Khoisan eta Batwa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:NsaluCave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NsaluCave.jpg/220px-NsaluCave.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NsaluCave.jpg/330px-NsaluCave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NsaluCave.jpg/440px-NsaluCave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Arpeetako artea Nsalu haitzuloan, Kasanka Parke Nazionalean, Zambiako ipar-erdialdean..</figcaption></figure> <p>Zambia modernoa, garai batean, <a href="/wiki/Khoisan" title="Khoisan">Khoisan</a> eta Batwa herriez populatua izan zen K.o. 300. urte arte, gutxi gorabehera, <a href="/wiki/Bantuen_hedapena" title="Bantuen hedapena">Bantu migratzaileek</a> bertan kokatzen hasi ziren arte<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Khoisan herria <a href="/wiki/Ekialdeko_Afrika" title="Ekialdeko Afrika">Ekialdeko Afrikan</a> sortu zela eta hegoalderantz hedatu zela duela 150.000 urte inguru uste da. Twako jendea bi taldetan banatu zen: Kafwe Twa, Kafue Flatsen inguruan bizi zena eta Lukanga Twa Lukangako urtegiaren inguruan<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Zambiako antzinako labar-artearen adibide asko, hala nola Mwelako labar-pinturak, Mumbwa harpea eta Nachikufu harpea, lehen ehiztari-biltzaile horiei egozten zaizkie. Khoisandarrek, eta batez ere Twak, jabe-bezero harreman bat osatu zuten Afrika erdialde eta hegoaldeko Bantu herri laborariekin, baina, azkenean, Bantu taldeengatik lekualdatuak edo xurgatuak izan ziren. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bantuak_(Abantu)"><span id="Bantuak_.28Abantu.29"></span>Bantuak (Abantu)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bantuak (Abantu)»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bantuak (Abantu)"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bantu herria edo Abantu (herria esan nahi duena) talde etnolinguistiko handi eta askotarikoa da, Afrika ekialdeko, hegoaldeko eta erdialdeko herri askotan gehiengoa osatzen duena. Zambia Afrika Erdialdea, <a href="/wiki/Hegoafrika" title="Hegoafrika">Hegoafrika</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Afrikako_Aintzira_Handiak" title="Afrikako Aintzira Handiak">Afrikako Aintzira Handien</a> bidegurutzean dagoenez, zambiar modernoak osatzen dituzten herrien historia hiru eskualde horien historia da. </p><p>Hiru eskualde horietako gertaera historiko asko aldi berean gertatu ziren; beraz, Zambiaren historia, Afrikako herri askorena bezala, ezin da modu kronologiko perfektuan aurkeztu. Zambia modernoko herrien historia goiztiarra ahozko erregistroetatik, arkeologiatik eta idatzizko erregistroetatik ondorioztatzen da, gehienak afrikarrak ez direnetatik<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bantuen_jatorria">Bantuen jatorria</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bantuen jatorria»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Bantuen jatorria"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Batonga_women.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Batonga_women.png/220px-Batonga_women.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Batonga_women.png/330px-Batonga_women.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Batonga_women.png/440px-Batonga_women.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>Zambia eta Zimbabweko Tonga Batonga emakume arrantzaleak Zambiako hegoaldean. Emakumeek rol garrantzitsuak jokatu dituzte, eta betetzen jarraitzen dute Afrikako gizarte askotan.</figcaption></figure> <div style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">Sakontzeko, irakurri: «<a href="/wiki/Bantuen_hedapena" title="Bantuen hedapena">Bantuen hedapena</a>»</div> <p>Bantu herria Mendebaldeko eta Erdialdeko Afrikan bizi zen gaur egun Kamerun eta Nigeria denaren inguruan. Duela 4000 eta 3000 urte artean, milaka urteko hedapen luzea hasi zuten kontinentearen zati handi batean. Gertaera honi bantu hedapena deitu izan zaio; historiako giza migraziorik handienetakoa izan zen. Burdinaren lan-teknologia Afrikako alde zabaletara eramaten bantuak izan zirela lehenak uste da. Bantu hedapena bi bidetatik gertatu zen nagusiki: mendebaldekoa Kongoko arroan zehar eta ekialdekoa Afrikako Aintzira Handietan zehar<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Banturen_lehen_kokalekua">Banturen lehen kokalekua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Banturen lehen kokalekua»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Banturen lehen kokalekua"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zambiara iritsi ziren lehenengo bantuak ekialdeko bidetik joan ziren, Afrikako Aintzira Handietatik. Lehen milurtekoaren inguruan iritsi ziren; haien artean, tongarrak (Ba-Tonga ere deituak, <i>Ba</i> <i>asko</i> esan nahi duena) eta Ba-Ila eta Namwanga eta haiekin zer ikusia zuten beste talde batzuk, <a href="/wiki/Hegoaldea_(Zambia)" title="Hegoaldea (Zambia)">Zambia hegoaldean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwetik</a> gertu, kokatu ziren. Ba-Tongaren ahozko agiriek diote ekialdetik zetozela <i>itsaso handitik</i> gertu. </p><p>Geroago, Ba-Tunbukak gehitu zitzaien, ekialdeko Zambia eta Malawi inguruan kokatu zirenak. </p><p>Lehen bantu horiek herri handietan bizi ziren. Ez zuten unitate antolaturik nagusi edo buru baten pean, eta komunitate gisa lan egiten, eta elkarri laguntzen zioten laboreak prestatzeko garaian. Herrixkak maiz mugitzen ziren lurra ahitu ahala, uztak ereiteko moztu eta erre teknikaren ondorioz. Herriak abere-talde handiak zituen, beren gizarteen zati handi bat osatzen zutenak<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Great-Zimbabwe-ruins-outer-walls-3-1200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Great-Zimbabwe-ruins-outer-walls-3-1200.jpg/220px-Great-Zimbabwe-ruins-outer-walls-3-1200.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Great-Zimbabwe-ruins-outer-walls-3-1200.jpg/330px-Great-Zimbabwe-ruins-outer-walls-3-1200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Great-Zimbabwe-ruins-outer-walls-3-1200.jpg/440px-Great-Zimbabwe-ruins-outer-walls-3-1200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe_Handiaren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zimbabwe Handiaren (sortu gabe)">Zimbabwe Handiaren</a> hondakinak. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalanga_herria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalanga herria (sortu gabe)">Kalanga</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Shona_herria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shona herria (sortu gabe)">Shona</a> Erresuma honetako gobernariek merkataritza menperatu zuten Ingombe Ileden.</figcaption></figure> <p>Zambiako lehen komunitate bantuak oso buruaskiak ziren. <a href="/wiki/Misiolari" title="Misiolari">Europako misiolari</a> goiztiarrek, <a href="/wiki/Hegoaldea_(Zambia)" title="Hegoaldea (Zambia)">Zambiako hegoaldean</a> kokatu zirenek, gizarte bantu hauen independentzia ikusi zuten. Misiolari hauetariko batek ohartarazi zuen: «Gerrarako, ehizarako eta etxerako armak behar badira, Tongako gizona mendietara joaten da burdin mea aurkitu arte. Erre egiten du, eta horrela lortutako burdinarekin, aizkorak, aitzurrak eta beste tresna erabilgarri batzuk egiten ditu. Egurra erretzen du, eta, bere sutegirako, ikatza egiten du. Hauspoa animalien larruz egina dago, eta tutuak buztinezko teilak dira, eta ingudea eta mailuak ere lortu duen burdinaren zatiak dira. Errementari arruntaren lan guztiak moldatzen, soldatzen, forma ematen eta egiten ditu»<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Bantu kolono goiztiar hauek Ingombe Ilede (zeinak esan nahi duen: Chi-Tongan lo dagoen behia, eroritako baobab zuhaitzak behi baten antza duela dirudielako) tokiko merkataritzan ere parte hartu zuten Zambiako hegoaldean. Merkataritza gune horretan, <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_Handia" title="Zimbabwe Handia">Zimbabwe Handiko</a> <a href="/wiki/Kalanga_(herria)" title="Kalanga (herria)">Kalanga</a>/<a href="/wiki/Shona" title="Shona">Shona</a> merkatari ugari eta <a href="/wiki/Ekialdeko_Afrika" title="Ekialdeko Afrika">Ekialdeko Afrikako</a> <a href="/wiki/Swahili" title="Swahili">swahili</a> kostaldeko swahili merkatariak ezagutu zituzten. Ingombe Ilede, Zimbabwe Handiko gobernarien merkataritza postu garrantzitsuenetako bat izan zen, beste batzuk, Sofala bezalako swahili portu hiriak zirelarik. </p><p>Ingombe Ileden salerosten ziren salgaien artean, oihalak, aleak, urrea eta danborrak zeuden. Horietako batzuk, gaur egun, <a href="/wiki/Kongoko_Errepublika_Demokratikoa" title="Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa">Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Kilwa_Kisiwani" title="Kilwa Kisiwani">Kilwa Kisiwani</a> izenekoak dira, eta beste batzuk, berriz, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Txinako_Herri_Errepublika" title="Txinako Herri Errepublika">Txina</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Arabiar_mundua" title="Arabiar mundua">arabiar mundua</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bezain urrutikoak. Afrikar merkatariei, geroago, portugaldarrak gehitu zitzaizkien XVI. mendean<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Zimbabwe Handiaren gainbeherak, <a href="/wiki/Khami" title="Khami">Khami</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Monomotapako_Inperioa" title="Monomotapako Inperioa">Mutapa</a> bezalako beste Kalanga/Shona erresumen lehia komertzial handiagoaren ondorioz, Ingombe Ilederen akabera ekarri zuen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Banturen_bigarren_kokalekua">Banturen bigarren kokalekua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Banturen bigarren kokalekua»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Banturen bigarren kokalekua"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bantu herriak Zambian izan zuen bigarren kokaleku masiboa, izan ere, Kongoko arroan zehar bantuen migrazioaren mendebaldeko bidea egin zutenena izan zela uste da. Bantu herri honek, bere bizitzaren zatirik handiena, gaur egun Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa den horretan eman zuen, eta gaur egungo zambiar gehienen arbasoak dira<sup id="cite_ref-Izenik_gabekoa-1ž7qU-1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Izenik_gabekoa-1ž7qU-1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Benba herriak edo AbaBenbak, <a href="/wiki/Manikongo" title="Manikongo">Mwene Kongo VIII.a Mvemba</a> agintariaren bitartez, <a href="/wiki/Kongoko_Erresuma" title="Kongoko Erresuma">Kongoko erresumarekin</a> lotura handia dutela frogatzen duten aztarnak badaude ere, hori ez dago ondo dokumentatuta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Luba-Lunda_estatuak">Luba-Lunda estatuak</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Luba-Lunda estatuak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Luba-Lunda estatuak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>[[Fitxategi:Mwata.jpg|thumb|Drawing of the ruler of [[Lunda herria, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazembe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazembe (sortu gabe)">Mwata Kazembe</a>, 1800. hamarkadan portugaldarrak errege-patioan hartzen zituena.]] Benbak, Lanba, Bisa, Senga, Kaonde, Swaka, Nkoya eta Soli bezalako antzeko taldeekin batera, Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoaren zati bat osatzen zuten Upenbako Luba erresuman, eta harreman sendoa zuten BaLuba herriarekin. Lubako erresumak hartu zuen eremuan, lehen nekazariak eta burdinazko langileak bizi izan dira 300. urteaz geroztik. </p><p>Denborarekin, komunitate horiek sareak eta arpoiak erabiltzen ikasi zuten, kanoak egiten, kanalak zingiretan zehar irekitzen eta 2,5 metroraino altuak ziren urtegiak egiten. Ondorioz, askotariko ekonomia sortu zuten Afrikako beste toki batzuetatik ekarritako arrain, kobre eta burdinazko gaiak eta gatza salduz, hala nola swahili kostaldetik eta, geroago, Portugalgotik. Komunitate horietatik Luba erresuma sortu zen XIV. mendean<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Lubako Erresuma handia zen, gobernu zentralizatua eta buruzagi independente txikiagoak zituena. Kongoko arroko basoak eta gaur egungo Copperbelt probintziako mineral-aberatseko goi-ordokiak lotzen zituzten merkataritza-sare handiak zituen, eta <a href="/wiki/Ozeano_Atlantikoa" title="Ozeano Atlantikoa">Atlantikoko kostaldetik</a> <a href="/wiki/Indiako_ozeanoa" title="Indiako ozeanoa">Indiako Ozeanoko</a> kostalderaino hedatzen zen. Arteak ere oso estimatuak ziren erresuman, baita artisauak ere<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Literatura oso garatua zegoen Lubako erresuman. Lubaren genesiaren istorio ospetsu batek, Lubako bi enperadore motaren arteko bereizketa egiten zuena, honela dio: </p> <table cellpadding="10" align="center" style="border-collapse:collapse; color: inherit; background-color:transparent; border-style:none; width:;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="color:silver;font-size:20px;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;padding:2 2px;">« </td> <td>Nkongolo Mwamba, errege gorria eta Ilunga Mbidi Kiluwe, azal beltzeko printze mitikoa. Nkongolo Mwamba despota mozkor eta ankerra da; Ilunga Mbidi Kiluwe, printze fin eta leuna. Nkongolo Gorria gizalegerik gabeko gizona da, jendaurrean jaten duena, mozkortu egiten dena eta bere burua kontrolatu ezin duena; Ilunga Mbidi Kiluwe, berriz, gizon erreserbatua da, ohitura onekin obsesionatua; ez du jendaurrean jaten; bere hizkera eta portaera kontrolatzen ditu, eta jende arruntaren bizio eta moduetatik urruntzen da. Nkongolo Mwambak tiraniaren irudia irudikatzen du, Mbidi Kiluwe, berriz, senide maitagarri eta errukiorra den bitartean<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="color:silver;font-size:20px;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;text-align:right;padding:2 2px;">» </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Lunda_houses-1854.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lunda_houses-1854.jpg/220px-Lunda_houses-1854.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lunda_houses-1854.jpg/330px-Lunda_houses-1854.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lunda_houses-1854.jpg/440px-Lunda_houses-1854.jpg 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="760" /></a><figcaption>Portugalgo bisitari batek egindako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lunda_jendea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lunda jendea (sortu gabe)">Lunda</a> etxeen marrazkia. Eraikinarekiko ateen tamainak eraikinen eskala azpimarratzen du.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hego Kongoko eskualde berean, Lunda herria Luba inperioaren satelite bihurtu zen, eta Luba kultura eta gobernantzaren formak hartu zituen, honela Lunda Inperioa hegoaldera zabalduz. Lunda genesis mitoen arabera, Lubako ehiztari batek, Txibinda Ilunga izenekoa eta Ilunga Mbidi Kiluweren semea zena, Luba modeloa sartu zuen Lundan 1600 inguruan, Lueji izeneko tokiko printzesa lunda batekin ezkondu eta bere erresumaren kontrola eman ziotenean. Lubako arbasoen ondorengotza baieztatzen zuten agintari gehienak Luba inperioan integratu ziren. Hala ere, Lundako erregeak bananduta jarraitu zuten, eta beren nagusitasun politiko eta ekonomikoa hedatu zuten eskualdean<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Lundak, bere jatorrizko Luba estatuak bezala, bi kostekin (Ozeano Atlantikoa eta Indiarra) negoziatzen zuen. Mwaant Yaav Naweej gobernariak merkataritza bideak ezarri zituen Atlantikoko kostalderantz, eta harreman zuzena hasi zuen esklaboen eta basoko produktuen irrikaz eta kobrezko merkataritza kontrolatzeaz arduratzen ziren merkatari europarrekin, eta <a href="/wiki/Mweru" title="Mweru">Mweru</a> aintziraren inguruko kokaguneek merkataritza arautu zuten Afrika ekialdeko kostaldearekin<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Azkenean, Luba-Lunda estatuak gainbehera etorri ziren, mendebaldeko eta Indiako ozeanoko <a href="/wiki/Atlantikoko_esklabo_merkataritza" title="Atlantikoko esklabo merkataritza">esklabo trafikoaren</a> eta erresumetako fakzio disidenteen gerren ondorioz. Txokweek (Luvale-rekin harreman estua eta Lundarekin estatu-satelite bat osatu zuen taldea), hasieran, esklaboen eskari europarra pairatu zuten, baina, behin Lunda estatutik aldenduz gero, berek bihurtu ziren esklabo ospetsuak, bi kostetara esklaboak esportatuz. </p><p>Chokwetarrak, azkenean, garaituak izan ziren beste etnia eta portugaldarrengatik<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ezegonkortasun horrek Luba-Lunda estatuen gainbehera eragin zuen, eta Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikotik Zambiako hainbat lekutara jendea sakabanatu zen. Zambiar arbasoen arrasto gehienek Luba-Lundara eta inguruko Afrika Erdiko estatuetara daramate<sup id="cite_ref-Izenik_gabekoa-1ž7qU-1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Izenik_gabekoa-1ž7qU-1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Maravi_konfederazioa">Maravi konfederazioa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Maravi konfederazioa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Maravi konfederazioa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1200. hamarkadan, Luba-Lunda estatuak sortu aurretik, bantu talde bat Kongoko arrotik <a href="/wiki/Mweru" title="Mweru">Mweru aintzirara</a> migratu zuen, eta, azkenean, <a href="/wiki/Nyassa_(aintzira)" title="Nyassa (aintzira)">Malawi aintziraren</a> inguruan kokatu zen. Etorkin horiek, Upenba inguruan (<a href="/wiki/Kongoko_Errepublika_Demokratikoa" title="Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa">Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoan</a>) bizi izan zirenetako bat zirela uste da. 1400. urte inguruan, migratzaile talde hauek, kolektiboki, Maravi izena hartu zuten, eta, haien artean, nabarmenena, <a href="/wiki/Chewa" title="Chewa">Chewa</a> herria (AChewa) zen, Tunbuka bezalako beste talde bantu batzuk bereganatzen hasi zena<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>1480an, Maravi Inperioa Phiri klaneko (klan nagusietako bat) kalongak (Maraviren buruzagi nagusia) sortu zuen, beste klanak Banda, Mwale eta Nkhoma zirelarik. Maravi Inperioa hedatzen zen Indiako ozeanotik, gaur egungo <a href="/wiki/Mozambike" title="Mozambike">Mozambike</a> zehar, Zambiaraino eta <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawiko</a> alde handi bat. Maravitarren antolaketa politikoa Lubaren antzekoa zen, eta hortik sortua zela uste da. Maraviren esportazio nagusia marfila izan zen, swahili bitarteraiei eramanez<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Burdina ere fabrikatzen eta esportatzen zen. 1590eko hamarkadan, portugaldarrak Maraviren esportazio merkataritza monopolizatzen saiatu ziren. Saiakera horrek haserretu egin zituen Lunduko maravitarrek, eta beren WaZimba indar armatua askatu zuten. WaZimbak Portugalgo Tete, Sena eta beste hainbat hiri suntsitu zituen<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Nyauko elkarte sekretu bihurtuko ziren tradizioak maravitarrek ekarri zituztela Upembatik uste da. Nyauek Maravi herriaren kosmologia edo erlijio indigena osatzen dute. Nyau gizartea dantza-ikuskizun erritualetan eta dantzetarako erabiltzen diren maskaradetan datza; sinesmen-sistema hori eskualdean zehar hedatzen da<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Maravitarrek atzera egin zuten konfederazioaren ondorengotza, ngonien erasoak eta yaoarren esklabo sarekadak zirela eta<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mutapa_Inperioa_eta_Mfecane">Mutapa Inperioa eta Mfecane</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Mutapa Inperioa eta Mfecane»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Mutapa Inperioa eta Mfecane"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Ngoni_Chiefs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ngoni_Chiefs.jpg/220px-Ngoni_Chiefs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ngoni_Chiefs.jpg/330px-Ngoni_Chiefs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ngoni_Chiefs.jpg/440px-Ngoni_Chiefs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="641" data-file-height="473" /></a><figcaption>Hiru <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ngoni_pertsona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ngoni pertsona (sortu gabe)">Ngoni</a> buruzagi gazte. Ngoniak Hegoafrikako <a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal" title="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulutik</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekialdeko_Probintzia,_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekialdeko Probintzia, Zambia (sortu gabe)">Ekialdeko Zambian</a> sartu ziren. Azkenean bertako talde etnikoetan asimilatu ziren.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_Handia" title="Zimbabwe Handia">Zimbabwe Handia</a> gainbeheran zegoenez, bere printzeetako bat, Nyatsimba Mutota, estatutik aldendu zen Mutapa izeneko inperio berri bat eratuz. Mwene Mutaparen titulua (<i>Lurren suntsitzaile</i> esan nahi duena), berari eta ondorengo gobernariei eman zitzaien<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Mutapa inperioak <a href="/wiki/Zambezi" title="Zambezi">Zambezi</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Limpopo" title="Limpopo">Limpopo</a> ibaien arteko lurraldea gobernatu zuen (gaur egun Zambia, Zimbabwe eta Mozambike dauden tokian) XIV. mendetik XVII. mendera. Mutapak (bere gailur-denboran) <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a> eta Tavarako Dande eremua konkistatu zuen. Mutapa inperioak Indiako Ozeanoko kontinente arteko merkataritzan jardun zuen nagusiki, WaSwahilirekin eta haien bitartez. Batez ere urrea eta bolia esportatzen zuten Asiako zetaren eta zeramikaren truke<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Beren garaikideek Maravin bezala, Mutapak arazoak izan zituen portugaldar merkatariekin. Harreman deseroso horren gailurra iritsi zen portugaldarrak erresumaren barne-arazoetan eragiten saiatu zirenean erresuman merkatuak ezarriz eta populazioa kristautasunera bihurtuz. Ekintza horrek WaSwahili musulmanen haserrea eragin zuen hiriburuan, eta kaosak aitzakia eman zien portugaldarrei erresumaren aurkako eraso bat agintzeko eta haren urrezko meategiak eta boli bideak kontrolatzen saiatzeko. Eraso horrek porrot egin zuen portugaldarrak gaixotasunean erori zirenean Zambezi ibaian zehar<sup id="cite_ref-:2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>1600eko hamarkadan, barne gatazkek eta gerra zibilak eragin zuten Mutaparen gainbehera. Erresuma ahuldua portugaldarrek konkistatu zuten azkenean, eta, ondorioz, <a href="/wiki/Shona" title="Shona">Shona</a> estatuko aurkariek bereganatu zuten<sup id="cite_ref-:2_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Portugaldarrek, gainera, etxalde zabalak zituzten, Prazos izenekoak, eta esklaboak eta esklabo ohiak erabiltzen zituzten zaintzaile eta ehiztari gisa. Taktika militarrean trebatu zituzten gizonak, eta armak eman zizkieten. Gizon horiek elefante ehiztari trebeak bihurtu, eta Txikunda izenez ezagutzen zituzten. Portugaldarren gainbeheraren ondoren, Txikundek Zambiarako bidea hartu zuten<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Litunga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Litunga.jpg/220px-Litunga.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Litunga.jpg/330px-Litunga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Litunga.jpg/440px-Litunga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="524" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Litunga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litunga (sortu gabe)">Litunga</a>-ren jauregiaren barruan, Loziko agintaria. Zambeziko uholdeen ondorioz, Litungak bi jauregi ditu, eta horietako bat goialdean dago. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuomboka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuomboka (sortu gabe)">Kuomboka</a> zeremonian Litungaren mugimendua goi lurretara joan izana ospatzen da</figcaption></figure> <p>Julian Cobbingen hipotesiaren arabera, europarren <a href="/wiki/Esklabotza" title="Esklabotza">lehen esklabo-salerosketen</a> presentziak eta Afrikako <a href="/wiki/Bantu_hizkuntzak" title="Bantu hizkuntzak">bantu hizkuntzako</a> hainbat lekuren baliabideak kontrolatzen saiatzeak eragin zuen eskualdeko jendea pixkanaka militarizatzea. Hori ikus daiteke Maraviren WaZimba gerra-kastarekin, zeinak, behin portugaldarrak garaituta, erabat militarista izaten jarraitu baitzuen. </p><p>Portugaldarrek eskualdean zuten presentzia ere arrazoi garrantzitsua izan zen Rozvi Inperioaren sorrerarako, Mutapako estatu separatista. Rozviko agintaria, Changamire Dombo, Afrika hego-erdialdeko historiako buruzagi boteretsuenetako bat bihurtu zen. Rozviren gidaritzapean, portugaldarrak garaitu, eta <a href="/wiki/Zambezi" title="Zambezi">Zambezi</a> ibaian zehar zituzten merkataritza-postuetatik bota zituen<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Baina, beharbada, militarizazio handiago horren adibiderik nabarmenena <a href="/wiki/Shaka_Zulu" title="Shaka Zulu">Shakaren</a> gidaritzapeko <a href="/wiki/Zulu" title="Zulu">zuluen</a> gorakada izan zen. <a href="/wiki/Esperantza_Oneko_lurmuturra" title="Esperantza Oneko lurmuturra">Lurmuturreko</a> kolonialista ingelesen presioak eta zuluen militarizazio handiagoak <a href="/wiki/Mfecane" title="Mfecane">Mfecanea</a> (zapalkuntza) eragin zuten. Zuluek garaitu zituzten tribuetako emakumeak eta haurrak bereganatuz zabaldu ziren; Nguni tribu horietako gizonek sarraskitik ihes egitea lortzen bazuten, zuluen taktika militarra erabiltzen zuten beste talde batzuek erasotzeko<sup id="cite_ref-:3_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Horrek desplazamendu masiboak, gerrak eta sarekadak eragin zituen hegoaldeko, erdialdeko eta ekialdeko Afrikan, Nguni edo Ngoni tribuek eskualde osoan zehar zabaldu zirenean, eta, Mfecane esaten zaie horiei. Zwagendabaren gidaritzapean iritsitako nguniak Zambezi ibaia zeharkatu, eta iparralderantz egin zuten. Nguniak, jada ahulduta zegoen Maravi Inperioari, azken kolpea eman zioten. Nguni asko, azkenean, gaur egun Zambia, Malawi, Mozambike eta Tanzania dauden inguruan finkatu ziren, eta inguruko tribuetan asimilatu<sup id="cite_ref-:3_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mendebaldea_(Zambia)" title="Mendebaldea (Zambia)">Zambiako mendebaldean</a>, Kololo izeneko Hegoafrikako beste Sotho-Tswana ondare talde batek lortu zuen Luyana edo Aluyi izeneko Luba eta Lunda estatu erorietako etorkinak ziren bertako biztanleak konkistatzea. Luyanatarrek <a href="/wiki/Barotseland" title="Barotseland">Barotse</a> erresuma ezarri zuten Zambezi ibaiko lautadetan, Katangatik iritsi zirenean. Kololoren garaian, Kololo hizkuntzak Luyana menderatu zuen, harik eta luyanarrek matxinatu, eta Kololo eraitsi zuten arte. Garai hartan, luyana hizkuntza asko ahaztu zen, eta hizkuntza hibrido berri bat sortu zen; aurrerantzean SiLozi eta Luyanak Lozi izendatu zuten beren burua<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>XVIII. mendearen amaieran, Mbundako batzuk <a href="/wiki/Barotseland" title="Barotseland">Barotselandera</a> emigratu zuten, Mongu , besteak beste, Ziyengelen emigrazioaren ondoren<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Aluyiek eta haien buruzagiak, Litunga Mulambwa, bereziki balioetsi zuten Mbunda borrokarako zuten gaitasunagatik. </p><p>XIX. mendearen amaieran, Zambiako herri gehienak beren gaur egungo eremuetan finkatuta zeuden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aro_koloniala">Aro koloniala</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Aro koloniala»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Aro koloniala"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Europarrak">Europarrak</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Europarrak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Europarrak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:David_Livingstone_by_Thomas_Annan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/David_Livingstone_by_Thomas_Annan.jpg/220px-David_Livingstone_by_Thomas_Annan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/David_Livingstone_by_Thomas_Annan.jpg/330px-David_Livingstone_by_Thomas_Annan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/David_Livingstone_by_Thomas_Annan.jpg/440px-David_Livingstone_by_Thomas_Annan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2347" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/David_Livingstone" title="David Livingstone">David Livingstone</a> esploratzaile eta misiolari eskoziarraren 1864ko argazkia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Inguru hura bisitatu zuen lehen europarretako bat Francisco de Lacerda esploratzaile portugaldarra izan zen, XVIII. mendearen amaieran. Lacerdak espedizio bat gidatu zuen Mozambiketik Zambiako Kazembe eskualdera (lehen aldiz kostaldetik kostaldera Hegoafrika esploratzeko eta zeharkatzeko helburuarekin)<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eta 1798an hil zen. Espedizioa bere lagun Francisco Pintok zuzendu zuen<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Ekialdeko_Afrika_Portugesa" title="Ekialdeko Afrika Portugesa">Mozambike portugaldarraren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Angola_Portugesa" title="Angola Portugesa">Angola portugaldarraren</a> artean dagoen lurralde hura Portugalek erreklamatu, eta esploratu zuen garai hartan. </p><p>XIX. mendean, Europako beste bisitari batzuk etorri ziren. Aipagarriena, <a href="/wiki/David_Livingstone" title="David Livingstone">David Livingstone</a> izan zen, kristautasuna, merkataritza eta zibilizazioaren bitartez esklabo merkataritza amaitzeko asmoa zuena. 1855ean, <a href="/wiki/Zambezi" title="Zambezi">Zambezi ibaiko</a> ur-jauzi bikainak ikusi zituen lehen europarra izan zen, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_ur-jauziak" title="Victoria ur-jauziak">Victoria ur-jauziak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viktoria_Erresuma_Batukoa" title="Viktoria Erresuma Batukoa">Erresuma Batuko Victoria</a> erreginaren ohorez izendatuak. Honela deskribatu zituen: «Aingeruek, beren hegaldietan, honelako eszena ederrak ikusi behar izan zituzten»<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Bertan, <i><a href="/wiki/Victoria_ur-jauziak" title="Victoria ur-jauziak">Mosi-o-Tunya</a></i> (ke trumoitsua) esaten zaie Lozi edo Kololo dialektoetan. Livingstone hiriak, ur-jausietatik gertu, bere izena darama. 1873an hil ondoren, Europako bisitari, misiolari eta merkatarien uholdea eragin zuten bere bidaien berri oso zabalduak<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hegoafrikako_konpainia_britainiarra">Hegoafrikako konpainia britainiarra</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Hegoafrikako konpainia britainiarra»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Hegoafrikako konpainia britainiarra"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1888an, <a href="/wiki/Britainiar_Hego_Afrikako_Konpainia" title="Britainiar Hego Afrikako Konpainia">Hegoafrikako Konpainia Britainiarrak</a> (BSA Company), <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Rhodes" title="Cecil Rhodes">Cecil Rhodes</a> buru zuela, Lozi herriaren Litungako mehatze-eskubideak lortu zituen, eremurako Lozi herriaren buru nagusia (Ba-rotse) geroago Barotziland-Ipar-Mendebaldeko Rhodesia bihurtu zen<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Ekialdean, 1897ko abenduan, Angoni edo Ngoniko talde bat (jatorriz Zululandakoa), Mpezeni erregearen seme Tsincoren agindupean, matxinatu egin zen, baina matxinada menderatua izan zen, eta Mpezenik Britainiaren bakea onartu zuen<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Orduan, Herrialdearen zati hori <a href="/wiki/Ipar-Ekialdeko_Rhodesia" title="Ipar-Ekialdeko Rhodesia">Ipar-ekialdeko Rhodesia</a> bezala ezagutu izatera pasa zen. 1895ean, Rodhesek, bere esploratzaile estatubatuar Frederick Russell Burnham-i, mineralak eta ibaien nabigazioa hobetzeko bideak bilatzeko eskatu zion, eta ibilaldi horretan, Kafue ibaiaren ibilbidean, kobrezko biltegi garrantzitsuak aurkitu zituen<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Ipar-ekialdeko Rhodesia eta Barotziland-Ipar-Mendebaldeko Rhodesia unitate bereizi bezala administratu ziren 1911ra arte, Iparraldeko Rhodesia, britainiar protektoratua, eratzeko elkartu zirenean. 1923an, BSA Konpainiak Northern Rhodesiaren kontrola britainiar gobernuaren esku utzi zuen, gobernuak enpresaren estatutuak ez berritzea erabaki ondoren. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Britainiarren_kolonizazioa">Britainiarren kolonizazioa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Britainiarren kolonizazioa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Britainiarren kolonizazioa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1923an, Hegoaldeko Rhodesia (gaur egun Zimbabwe), konkistatutako lurraldea eta BSA Konpainiak administratua ere, britainiar kolonia autonomo bihurtu zen. 1924an, negoziazioen ondoren, Ipar Rhodesiako administrazioa British Colonial Officera aldatu zen. </p><p><b>Rhodesia eta Nyasaland Federazioa 1953an</b> Rhodesia eta Nyasalandeko Federazioaren sorrerak Iparraldeko Rhodesia, Hegoaldeko Rhodesia eta <a href="/wiki/Nyassalandia" title="Nyassalandia">Nyassalandia</a> (gaur egun <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a>) eskualde erdiautonomo bakar bezala bildu zituen. Hori aurrera eraman zen nahiz eta populazioaren gutxiengo handi bat aurka egon, zeinak 1960-1961 urteetan hala manifestatu ziren<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ipar Rhodesia federazioaren azken urteetako asaldura eta krisiaren erdigunea izan zen. Hasiera batean, Harry Nkumbularen Afrikako Kongresu Nazionala (ANC) izan zen kanpainaren buru, ondoren <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaundaren</a> Independentzia Nazionalerako Alderdi Batuak (UNIP) hartu zuena. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Independentzia">Independentzia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Independentzia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Independentzia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Zambia123f.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Zambia123f.jpg/220px-Zambia123f.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Zambia123f.jpg/330px-Zambia123f.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Zambia123f.jpg/440px-Zambia123f.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1331" data-file-height="915" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_David_Kaunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth David Kaunda (sortu gabe)">Kenneth Kaunda</a>, lehen presidente errepublikarra, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Errumaniako_Errepublika_Sozialista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Errumaniako Errepublika Sozialista (sortu gabe)">Errumaniako</a> estatu bisitan 1970ean</figcaption></figure> <p>1962ko urrian eta abenduan, bi etapatako hauteskundeetan, afrikarren gehiengo bat ekarri zuten kontseilu legegilera, eta bi alderdi afrikar nazionalisten arteko koalizio deseroso bat. Kontseiluak Iparraldeko Rhodesia federaziotik sezesioa eskatzeko ebazpenak onartu zituen, eta barne autogobernu osoa eskatzen zuten konstituzio berri baten eta Batzar Nazional berri baten pean, frankizia zabalago eta demokratikoago batean oinarritua. </p><p>Federazioa 1963ko abenduaren 31n desegin zen, eta, 1964ko urtarrilean, Kaundak irabazi zituen Iparraldeko Rhodesiako lehen ministro izateko hauteskundeak. Sir Evelyn Hone gobernadore koloniala Kaundatik oso hurbil zegoen, eta postura aurkezteko eskatu zion. Handik gutxira, altxamendu bat izan zen herrialdearen iparraldean (Lumpa Altxamendua izenekoa), Alice Lenshinak zuzendua, Kaundaren lehen barne gatazka nazioaren buruzagi bezala<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Iparraldeko Rhodesia Zambiako Errepublika bihurtu zen 1964ko urriaren 24an, Kenneth Kaunda lehen presidentea zelarik. Independentziaren unean, nahiz eta mineral ugari izan, Zambiak erronka handiei aurre egin behar izan zien. Nazio mailan, gutxi ziren gobernua gobernatzeko gai ziren zambiar gaitu eta heziak, eta ekonomia, neurri handi batean, atzerriko adituen mende zegoen. Beharrezko esperientzia hori John Willsonek eman zuen neurri batean<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1964an, 70.000 europar baino gehiago bizi ziren Zambian, eta neurriz kanpoko garrantzi ekonomikoa izaten jarraitzen zuten<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Independentzia_ondoren">Independentzia ondoren</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Independentzia ondoren»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Independentzia ondoren"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kaundak Fronte Patriotikoko gerrillariei aldameneko <a href="/wiki/Hego_Rhodesia" title="Hego Rhodesia">(Hego) Rhodesian</a> erasoak egiten ari zirela laguntzea tentsio politikoa eta mugaren militarizazioa eragin zuen, eta, 1973an, itxi egin zuten<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Zambezi ibaiko Kariba estazio hidroelektrikoak ahalmen nahikoa zuen herrialdearen argindar beharrak asetzeko, Rhodesianen kudeaketa gorabehera. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:RhodesiaAllies1965.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/RhodesiaAllies1965.png/220px-RhodesiaAllies1965.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/RhodesiaAllies1965.png/330px-RhodesiaAllies1965.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/RhodesiaAllies1965.png/440px-RhodesiaAllies1965.png 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="475" /></a><figcaption>1965eko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodesiako_Bush_Gerran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodesiako Bush Gerran (sortu gabe)">Rhodesiako Bush Gerran</a> egoera geopolitikoa-abertzaleen lagun diren herrialdeak laranja kolorekoak dira.</figcaption></figure> <p>1978ko irailaren 3an,hegazkin zibil bat, Air Rhodesiaren 825 hegaldia, Karibatik gertu eraitsi zuen Zimbabweko Herri Armada Iraultzaileak (ZIPRA). 18 pertsona, haurrak barne, bizirik atera ziren istriputik, gehienak <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Nkomo" title="Joshua Nkomo">Joshua Nkomo</a> buru zuen Zimbabweko Afrikako Herri Batasuneko (ZAPU) militanteek fusilatuak izan zitezen. Rhodesiak <i>Gatling</i> operazioarekin erantzun zuen Nkomok Zambian zituen gerraontzien aurkako eraso eginez, zehazki, bere kuartel militarrari, Lusaka kanpoaldean; sarraldia buruzagi berdearen sarraldi bezala ezagutua izan zen. Egun berean, beste bi baseri egin zieten eraso Zambian, aireko indarra eta eliteko paraxutistak eta helikopteroz garraiatutako tropak erabiliz<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Tanzaniako <a href="/wiki/Dar_es_Salaam" title="Dar es Salaam">Dar es Salaam</a> porturainoko trenbide batek (TAZARA, Tanzania Zambia trenbideak), Txinako laguntzarekin 1975ean amaitua, <a href="/wiki/Angola_Portugesa" title="Angola Portugesa">Angola portugesa</a> gero eta asaldatuago baten bidezko Zambiako trenbideekiko mendekotasuna murriztu zuen Hegoafrikara eta mendebaldera. Trenbidea amaitu arte, Zambiako arteria nagusia inportazioetarako eta kobrearen esportazio kritikorako, Tanzam bidetik zihoan Tanzaniako portu-hirietaraino. Tazamako oliobidea ere eraiki zen Dar es Salaametik Zambiako Ndolaraino. </p><p>1970eko hamarkadaren amaieran, Mozambikek eta Angolak independentzia lortu zuten Portugalengandik. Rhodesiaren gobernu batez ere zuriak, 1965ean Alde Bakarreko Independentzia Adierazpena egin zuenak, gehiengoen araua onartu zuen 1979ko Lancaster Etxearen Akordioarekin<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Portugaldar kolonietan eta <a href="/wiki/Hegoafrikako_mugako_gerra" title="Hegoafrikako mugako gerra">Namibiako Independentzia Gerran</a> izandako liskar zibilek iheslari ugari<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eta garraio arazoak eragin zituzten. Bengelako trenbidea, Angolatik mendebaldera hedatzen zena, funtsean itxita zegoen Zambiako trafikoarentzat 1970eko hamarkadaren amaieran. Zambiak <a href="/wiki/Afrikako_Kongresu_Nazionala" title="Afrikako Kongresu Nazionala">Afrikako Kongresu Nazionala</a> (ANC) bezalako apartheidaren aurkako mugimenduei emandako babesak ere segurtasun arazoak sortu zituen, Hegoafrikako Defentsa Indarrak helburu disidenteak jo baitzituen kanpoko erasoaldietan<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Arazo_ekonomikoak">Arazo ekonomikoak</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Arazo ekonomikoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Arazo ekonomikoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>70eko hamarkadaren erdialdean, kobrearen prezioak (Zambiako esportazio nagusiak) beherakada handia izan zuen mundu osoan. Zambiaren egoeran, kobrea merkatuetara eramatearen kostua tentsio gehigarri bat zen. Zambiak atzerriko eta nazioarteko mailegu-emaileengana jo zuen, baina, kobrearen prezioak deprimituta jarraitzen zuenez, gero eta zailagoa zen bere zor gero eta handiagoari erantzuna ematea. 1990eko hamarkadaren erdialderako, zorrak arintze mugatua izan arren, Zambiako kanpo-zorra munduko handienetakoa zen<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Demokratizazioa">Demokratizazioa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Demokratizazioa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Demokratizazioa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1990eko ekainean, Kaundaren aurkako istiluak azkartu egin ziren. Manifestari asko hil zituen erregimenak 1990eko ekaineko protestetan<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1990ean, Kaundak estatu-kolpe saiakera bat gainditu zuen, eta, 1972ko Choma Batzordearen pean alderdi bakarreko gobernua ezarri ondoren, 1991n, alderdi anitzeko demokrazia berrezartzea onartu zuen. </p><p>1991ko abenduaren 30ean, zeremonia pribatu batean, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chiluba" title="Frederick Chiluba">Frederick Chilubak</a>, lehendakari izendatu berriak, Zambia kristau-estatu izendatu zuen, eta <a href="/wiki/Kristautasun" title="Kristautasun">kristautasuna</a>, erlijio ofizial. </p><p>2000ko hamarkadan, ekonomia egonkortu egin zen, 2006-2007 aldian digitu bakarreko inflazioa lortuz, BPG erreala handituz, interes-tasak murriztuz eta merkataritza-mailak handituz. Bere hazkundearen zati handi bat meatzaritzan egindako atzerriko inbertsioari eta munduko kobrearen prezio handiagoari zor zaio. Horren guztiaren ondorioz, Zambia gogo biziz gorteiatu zuten laguntza-emaileek, eta herrialdekiko inbertitzaileen konfiantza areagotu egin zen. </p><p>2015eko urtarrilaren 20an, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sata" title="Michael Sata">Michael Sata</a> hil ondoren, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Lungu" title="Edgar Lungu">Edgar Lungu</a> hautagaiak irabazi zituen presidentetzarako hauteskundeak, 807.625 botorekin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Banaketa_administratiboa">Banaketa administratiboa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Banaketa administratiboa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Banaketa administratiboa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Zambia_provinces_named.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Zambia_provinces_named.png/220px-Zambia_provinces_named.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Zambia_provinces_named.png/330px-Zambia_provinces_named.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Zambia_provinces_named.png/440px-Zambia_provinces_named.png 2x" data-file-width="1845" data-file-height="1597" /></a><figcaption>Zambiako probintziak.</figcaption></figure> <p>Zambia bederatzi probintziatan banatuta dago: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Erdialdea_(Zambia)" title="Erdialdea (Zambia)">Erdialdea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Copperbelt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copperbelt (sortu gabe)">Copperbelt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekialdea_(Zambia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekialdea (Zambia) (sortu gabe)">Ekialdea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luapula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luapula (sortu gabe)">Luapula</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusaka_probintzia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lusaka probintzia (sortu gabe)">Lusaka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iparraldea_(Zambia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iparraldea (Zambia) (sortu gabe)">Iparraldea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ipar-mendebaldea_(Zambia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ipar-mendebaldea (Zambia) (sortu gabe)">Ipar-mendebaldea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegoaldea_(Zambia)" title="Hegoaldea (Zambia)">Hegoaldea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendebaldea_(Zambia)" title="Mendebaldea (Zambia)">Mendebaldea</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hiri_nagusiak">Hiri nagusiak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Hiri nagusiak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Hiri nagusiak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <th>Hiria</th> <th>Biztanleak (<a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a></td> <td>1.218.200 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ndola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ndola (sortu gabe)">Ndola</a></td> <td>547.900 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitwe (sortu gabe)">Kitwe</a></td> <td>368.800 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabwe (sortu gabe)">Kabwe</a></td> <td>213.800 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chingola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chingola (sortu gabe)">Chingola</a></td> <td>150.500 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luanshya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luanshya (sortu gabe)">Luanshya</a></td> <td>124.800 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livingstone_(Zambia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livingstone (Zambia) (sortu gabe)">Livingstone</a></td> <td>108.100 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomia">Ekonomia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ekonomia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Ekonomia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:ZM-Nkana-headgear-Kitwe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/ZM-Nkana-headgear-Kitwe.jpg/300px-ZM-Nkana-headgear-Kitwe.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/ZM-Nkana-headgear-Kitwe.jpg/450px-ZM-Nkana-headgear-Kitwe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/ZM-Nkana-headgear-Kitwe.jpg/600px-ZM-Nkana-headgear-Kitwe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2224" data-file-height="1698" /></a><figcaption>zambia <a href="/wiki/Kobre" title="Kobre">kobre</a> esportatzaile garrantzitsua da.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Barne_produktu_gordin" title="Barne produktu gordin">BPGak</a> gora egin badu ere, 2,1 mila milioi dolarretik 1980an 4 mila milioi dolarrera 1995ean, biztanleko <a href="/wiki/NPG" class="mw-redirect" title="NPG">NPGk</a> beherantz egin du nabarmen. 1990. urtearen hasieran <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chiluba" title="Frederick Chiluba">Frederick Chiluba</a> presidenteak <a href="/wiki/Liberalizazio" title="Liberalizazio">liberalizazio</a> politikarako programa bat jarri abian bazuen ere, egoera larria da, nahiz eta herrialdearen ekonomiak hazkundearen bidea hartu duela dirudien (% 6,4. 1995ean). </p><p>Zambiako biztanle gehienak nekazariak dira. Hazkunde demografiko izugarriak eta atzerriko zorraren hazteak azaltzen dute biztanleen pobretasun maila eta nazioarteko laguntzaren beharra. 1995ean nekazaritzak BPGren % 22 hartzen zuen, baina ekoizpena oso apala da eta ez da iristen biztanleen beharrak asetzera; hala, inportazioen beharra du Zambiak. <a href="/wiki/Manioka" title="Manioka">Mandioka</a>, laboreak (artoa) eta barazkiak dira lantzen diren gai nagusiak. <a href="/wiki/Abeltzaintza" title="Abeltzaintza">Abelzaintzan</a> behi hazienda da garrantzitsuena (2,6 milioi buru 1996an). Arrantzak ere garrantzi handia du. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kobre" title="Kobre">Kobrearen</a> ekoizpena munduko merkatuen mende dago; 1980an 617.000 tonakoa zen, eta 1995ean 292.000 tonakoa. Chiluba lehendakariak, 1991. urteaz geroztik aginpidean, meategiak pribatizatzeko proiektua du. <a href="/wiki/Kobalto" title="Kobalto">Kobaltoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zink" title="Zink">zinka</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Berun" title="Berun">beruna</a> ere ekoizten ditu Zambiak. Industriaren sektorea (eta baita bankuak ere) nazionalizatu egin dira 1968. urteaz geroztik. Estatuari itzuli zaizkion parteak gobernuaren mendeko erakunde batean bildu dira, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indeco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indeco (sortu gabe)">Indeco</a></i> deitua hain zuzen. Erakunde horrek 1991n ekoizpenaren % 75 kontrolatzen zuen. Indecoren bidez hainbat enpresa sortu da atzerriko sozietateekin elkarlanean aritu direnak. Meekin egin zuen bezala, Chiluba presidentea saiatu da estatuaren mendeko enpresak pribatizatzen. Industria nagusiak metalurgia, kobre findegiak, ehungintza, elikagaiak, kimika eta automobilen edo traktoreen muntaketa dira. Herrialde barruko komunikazioak eskasak dira, eta zailak atzerriko herrialdeekiko loturak. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kanpo_merkataritza" title="Kanpo merkataritza">Kanpo merkataritza</a> defizitarioa da gehienetan. Hegoafrika, Alemania eta Estatu Batuak dira Zambiaren hornitzaile nagusiak, eta Japonia bezero garrantzitsuena (kobre erosle nagusia). <a href="/wiki/Kanpo_zor" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanpo zor">Kanpo zorra</a> 3,6 mila milioitik (1980), 6,8 mila milioiraino igo zen (1995). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zambiar_ezagunak">Zambiar ezagunak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Zambiar ezagunak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Zambiar ezagunak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> (<a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>-), politikaria eta herrialdeko presidentea <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964tik</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991ra</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dambisa_Moyo" title="Dambisa Moyo">Dambisa Moyo</a> (<a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a>-), ekonomialaria.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="boilerplate" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%"> <ul><li>Artikulu honen edukiaren zati bat <i>Lur hiztegi entziklopediko</i>tik edo <i>Lur entziklopedia tematiko</i>tik txertatu zen 2011/12/26 egunean. 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Retrieved 20 May 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFBartlett2000">Bartlett, David M. C..  (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2637411">«Civil Society and Democracy: A Zambian Case Study»</a> <i>Journal of Southern African Studies</i> 26 (3): 429–446. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0305-7070">0305-7070</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-02-21)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zambia.co.zm/">Zambia OnLine</a></li> <li><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.gov.zm/">Zambiako Parlamentua</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Autoritate_kontrola" style="width: inherit;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritate_kontrola" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Autoritate_kontrola" title="Laguntza:Autoritate kontrola">Autoritate kontrola</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Wikimedia proiektuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q953" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q953">Q953</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zambia">Zambia</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q953%22">Q953</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/viaf-151203068">WorldCat</a></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/151203068">151203068</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000406484413">0000000406484413</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX451728">XX451728</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11882648g">11882648g</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11882648g">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4076986-0">4076986-0</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80089997">n80089997</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00574573">00574573</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge131427">ge131427</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">NARA</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10035690">10035690</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026612364">026612364</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KulturNav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KulturNav (sortu gabe)">KulturNav</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kulturnav.org/577aa6e7-ed57-4b5f-9832-2dbf18aa01f1">id</a></span></li> <li><b>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">HDS</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/003462">003462</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambia">url</a></span></li> <li><b>Lekuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OSM</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/195271">195271</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Getty_Thesaurus_of_Geographic_Names" title="Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names">TGN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000209">1000209</a></span></li> <li><b>Medikuntzako identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D015024">D015024</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q953" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q953">Q953</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zambia">Zambia</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q953%22">Q953</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div> <p><br /> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236165" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Afrikako_herrialde_eta_lurraldeak_(Nazio_Batuen_azpi-eskualdeka)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9235565">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Fitxategi:LocationWesternAfrica.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating Western Africa"><img alt="Map indicating Western Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/LocationWesternAfrica.png/40px-LocationWesternAfrica.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/LocationWesternAfrica.png/60px-LocationWesternAfrica.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/LocationWesternAfrica.png/120px-LocationWesternAfrica.png 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="359" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mendebaldeko_Afrika" title="Mendebaldeko Afrika">Mendebaldeko Afrika</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a> | <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> | <a href="/wiki/Cabo_Verde" title="Cabo Verde">Cabo Verde</a> | <a href="/wiki/Boli_Kosta" title="Boli Kosta">Boli Kosta</a> | <a href="/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> | <a href="/wiki/Ginea" title="Ginea">Ginea</a> | <a href="/wiki/Ginea_Bissau" title="Ginea Bissau">Ginea Bissau</a> | <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> | <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> | <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a> | <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> | <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leona" title="Sierra Leona">Sierra Leona</a> | <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:transparent; text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:LocationNorthernAfrica.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating Northern Africa"><img alt="Map indicating Northern Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/LocationNorthernAfrica.png/40px-LocationNorthernAfrica.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/LocationNorthernAfrica.png/60px-LocationNorthernAfrica.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/LocationNorthernAfrica.png/120px-LocationNorthernAfrica.png 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="359" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Iparraldeko_Afrika" title="Iparraldeko Afrika">Iparraldeko Afrika</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Aljeria" title="Aljeria">Aljeria</a> | <a href="/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto">Egipto</a> | <a href="/wiki/Hego_Sudan" title="Hego Sudan">Hego Sudan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Libia" title="Libia">Libia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Maroko" title="Maroko">Maroko</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Mendebaldeko_Sahara" title="Mendebaldeko Sahara">Mendebaldeko Sahara</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:LocationCentralMiddleAfrica.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating Central Africa"><img alt="Map indicating Central Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/LocationCentralMiddleAfrica.png/40px-LocationCentralMiddleAfrica.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/LocationCentralMiddleAfrica.png/60px-LocationCentralMiddleAfrica.png 1.5x, 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