Gm

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</div>  <div id="main_content" tabindex="-1" class="container-fluid hide-tabindex">   <noscript> <div class="alert alert-danger"> <h4>Please enable JavaScript for this website.</h4> <p> This website makes extensive use of JavaScript. The top menus will not function without it and most tools will also not work. </p> <p> If you do not know how to enable JavaScript in your web browser, you should be able find instructions by searching the web for "enable javascript in my browser" (or similar). </p> </div> </noscript> <h1 class="no-top-margin">Glossary</h1> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-5 col-xs-6"> <h5 class="text-nowrap">Terms</h5> <div class="ssd-glossary glossary-list" id="glossary_list"> <ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked ssd-glossary">  <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/albedo.html">albedo</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/aphelion.html">aphelion</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/arg_peri.html">argument of perihelion</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/asc_node.html">ascending node</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/astrometry.html">astrometry</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/au.html">au (astronomical unit)</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/barycenter.html">barycenter</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/dec.html">declination</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/des_node.html">descending node</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/eccentricity.html">eccentricity</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/ecliptic_plane.html">ecliptic plane</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/ephemeris.html">ephemeris</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/geocentric.html">geocentric</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/geodetic.html">geodetic</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/GM.html">GM</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/h.html">H (absolute magnitude)</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/heliocentric.html">heliocentric</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/inclination.html">inclination</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/l12.html">Lagrange points (L1,L2)</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/lp.html">Laplace plane</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/LD.html">LD (lunar distance)</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/line_of_nodes.html">line of nodes</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/pi.html">longitude of perihelion</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/node.html">longitude of the ascending node</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/ma.html">mean anomaly</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/l.html">mean longitude</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/n.html">mean motion</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/meridian.html">meridian</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/meteor.html">meteor</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/meteoroid.html">meteoroid</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/mp.html">minor planet</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/NEO.html">NEO (near-Earth object)</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/nodal_points.html">nodal points</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/nutation.html">nutation</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/obliquity.html">obliquity</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/orbit.html">orbit</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/perigee.html">perigee</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/perihelion.html">perihelion</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/period.html">period</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/phase_a.html">phase angle</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/ra.html">right ascension</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/semimajor_axis.html">semi-major axis</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/tp.html">time of perihelion passage</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/topocentric.html">topocentric</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/true_anomaly.html">true anomaly</a></li> <li><a class="text-nowrap" onclick=termSelected(this) href="/glossary/verneq.html">vernal equinox</a></li>  </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-9 col-md-8 col-sm-7 col-xs-6"> <h2 class="glossary-term">GM</h2> <h4 id="definition">Definition</h4> <p>An expression of a body鈥檚 mass in units of the product of the <a href="/astro_par.html">gravitational constant</a> (G) and the mass of the sun (M). GM is also known as the <a href="/astro_par.html">heliocentric gravitational constant</a>.</p> <p>Units are typically km<sup>3</sup>/s<sup>2</sup> or au<sup>3</sup>/d<sup>2</sup>.</p> </div> </div>  <div id="footer" class="container-fluid footer"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-5 col-xs-12"> <img class="ssd-logo" src="/images/ssd_logo.png" alt="SSD Logo" /> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="link-inv"> <a href="/sitemap.html"><i class="fa-fw fa fa-list-alt"></i> Site Map</a> </div> <div class="link-inv"> <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/caltechjpl-privacy-policies-and-important-notices"><i class="fa-fw fa fa-user-secret"></i> Privacy</a> </div> <div class="link-inv"> <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/jpl-image-use-policy"><i class="fa-fw fa fa-picture-o"></i> Image Policy</a> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4 col-xs-12"> <div class=" link-inv"> <a href="/contact/"><i class="fa-fw fa fa-envelope"></i> Contact Us</a> </div> <div class="text-smaller"> <span class="footer-label text-nowrap">Site Manager:</span> <span class="text-nowrap">Ryan Park</span> </div> <div class="text-smaller2"> <span class="footer-label text-nowrap">Site Design:</span> <span class="text-nowrap">Alan B. 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