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autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigation utilisateur"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sigôn</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a 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id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sig%C3%B4n&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modifier</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>Sigôn</b> (en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grec_ancien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grec ancien">grec ancien</a> <span class="lang-grc" lang="grc">Σιγων</span>) est une ville antique qui appartenait au royaume d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arados?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Arados">Arados</a>, sur l'actuelle côte de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syrie">Syrie</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Prise_de_Sigôn_par_Alexandre_le_Grand"><span id="Prise_de_Sig.C3.B4n_par_Alexandre_le_Grand"></span>Prise de Sigôn par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexandre_le_Grand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexandre le Grand">Alexandre le Grand</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sig%C3%B4n&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Prise de Sigôn par Alexandre le Grand" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Pendant l'hiver <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/-333?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="-333">-333</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexandre_le_Grand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexandre le Grand">Alexandre le Grand</a> envahit la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nicie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Phénicie">Phénicie</a>. Le royaume d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arados?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Arados">Arados</a> est alors dirigé par Gerashtart (en grec Gérostratos), monté sur le trône en -339. Le royaume est sous domination perse mais avec une grande autonomie et frappe notamment sa monnaie<sup id="cite_ref-sey_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-sey-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>À l'arrivée d'Alexandre, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arrien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arrien">Arrien</a> rapporte que le roi est en mer avec sa flotte pour soutenir le roi des Perses Darius III, mais son fils Abdashtart (en grec Straton) offre l'île d'Arados et tout son territoire continental au conquérant grec<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Hypothèses_de_localisation"><span id="Hypoth.C3.A8ses_de_localisation"></span>Hypothèses de localisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sig%C3%B4n&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Hypothèses de localisation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Deux sites possibles ont été avancés pour la localisation de Sigôn :</p> <ul> <li>le <b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qal%27at_Salah_El-Din?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qal'at Salah El-Din">Qal'at Salah El-Din</a></b> (forteresse de Saladin) aussi connu sous le nom de « château de Saône » est une forteresse médiévale de Syrie. La localisation de Sigôn sur le site de la forteresse de Saladin a été proposée sur la base d'étude toponymique dès 1896. Le nom moderne de Sahiyoun serait une évolution du nom de Sigôn<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>;</li> </ul> <ul> <li><b>Siyano</b> : un autre candidat possible est le site de Siyano<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, dans la plaine de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jableh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jableh">Jableh</a>, qui pourrait correspondre à Sigôn à la fois par la proximité toponymique et aussi par l'existence de fouilles archéologiques sur le site proche de Tell Sianu<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> <p>Si l'on en croit le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9riple_du_Pseudo-Scylax?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Périple du Pseudo-Scylax">pseudo-Skylax</a>, Sigôn serait un port, ce qui pourrait mieux correspondre au site de Siyano, à 7 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> du port de Jableh, mais moins à la forteresse de Saladin, sur un rocher à 22 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> de la côte<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sig%C3%B4n&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:36em; column-count:2;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-sey-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-sey_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Henri Seyrig, <i>Aradus et sa pérée sous les rois Séleucides</i> in <i>Antiquités syriennes</i>, 1951, 28, 3-4 p207 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/syria_0039-7946_1951_num_28_3_4690?_Prescripts_Search_tabs1%3Dstandard%26">[1]</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">« L’île d’Arouad et Marathos qui est en face, grande et prospère cité, avec Sigon et Mariamîn et tout ce qui est sous sa domination. » <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arrien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arrien">Arrien</a> <i>Anabase</i>, II, 13, 18 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://websfor.org/alexander/arrian/book2a.asp">[2]</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Dussaud (R.), <i>Voyage en Syrie (1895 et 1896)</i>, Revue archéologique, Paris 1896-1897, cité in Michaudel Benjamin, <i>étude historique de Qal'at Salah El-Din</i>, 2002, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://jmsat.mesqui.pagesperso-orange.fr/71-Sahyoun/pdf/Etude%2520historique%2520de%2520Qal___%2527at%2520Salah%2520al-Din.pdf">[3]</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Coordonnées du site : <a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/9/35.3694/36/fr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-zoom="9" data-lat="35.3694" data-lon="36" data-overlays="["_412dd177d60d0f05d2a7cf636ce466b9030ff0b3"]">35° 22′ 10″ N, 36° 00′ 00″ E</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Riis, JP, <i>Annales archéologiques de Syrie</i>, VIII-IX, 1958-59, p. 111-114. cité in Michaudel Benjamin, <i>étude historique de Qal'at Salah El-Din</i>, 2002, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://jmsat.mesqui.pagesperso-orange.fr/71-Sahyoun/pdf/Etude%2520historique%2520de%2520Qal___%2527at%2520Salah%2520al-Din.pdf">[4]</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sig%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">« C’est dans ce golfe qu’est l’île Bartas avec un port. On trouve aussi dans ces lieux la ville de Cherea, sur le fleuve, celle d’Arylon, celle de Mes avec un port, celle de Sigon avec un port, et en face de laquelle est l’île d’Acia; celle de Me… avec un port, celle d’Acra sur un havre, l’île déserte de Drinaupa, la colonne d’Hercule, le promontoire de Libye, et la ville d’Apanytie sur un fleuve. » <i>Périple</i> du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scylax_de_Caryanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scylax de Caryanda">Pseudo-Scylax</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://remacle.org/bloodwolf/erudits/skylax/voyage.htm">[5]</a></span></li> </ol> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Syrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de la Syrie"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 33px;height: 22px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="33" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/66px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" 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data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="16" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Discobolus_icon.png/24px-Discobolus_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Discobolus_icon.png/32px-Discobolus_icon.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Gr%C3%A8ce_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Grèce antique">Portail de la Grèce antique</a></span> </span></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" 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