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Bharati Braille - Wikipedia
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block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p><b>Bharati braille</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">BAR</span>-ə-tee</i></a>), or <b>Bharatiya Braille</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>: <span lang="hi">भारती ब्रेल</span> <i><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">bhāratī brēl</i></span></i> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="hi-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">[bʱaːɾət̪iː<span class="wrap"> </span>bɾɛːl]</a></span> "Indian braille"), is a largely unified <a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">braille</a> script for writing the <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">languages of India</a>. When India gained independence, eleven braille scripts were in use, in different parts of the country and for different languages. By 1951, a single national standard had been settled on, Bharati braille, which has since been adopted by <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are slight differences in the orthographies for Nepali in India and Nepal, and for Tamil in India and Sri Lanka. There are significant differences in <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Braille" title="Bengali Braille">Bengali Braille</a> between India and Bangladesh, with several letters differing. Pakistan has not adopted Bharati braille, so the <a href="/wiki/Urdu_Braille" title="Urdu Braille">Urdu Braille</a> of Pakistan is an entirely different alphabet than the Urdu Braille of India, with their commonalities largely due to their common inheritance from English or <a href="/wiki/International_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="International Braille">International Braille</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sinhala_Braille" title="Sinhala Braille">Sinhala Braille</a> largely conforms to other Bharati, but differs significantly toward the end of the alphabet, and is covered in its own article. </p><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.25em; background:lightblue;">Bharati braille<br><div style="font-weight:normal"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1077953707">.mw-parser-output .brai_cell+.brai_cell{margin-left:2px}</style><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45) U+2818" style="background:transparent;">⠘</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠜ (braille pattern dots-345) U+281C" style="background:transparent;">⠜</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) U+2817" style="background:transparent;">⠗</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠀ (braille pattern blank) U+2800" style="background:transparent;">⠀</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345) U+281E" style="background:transparent;">⠞</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠔ (braille pattern dots-35) U+2814" style="background:transparent;">⠔</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠀ (braille pattern blank) U+2800" style="background:transparent;">⠀</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) U+2808" style="background:transparent;">⠈</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠃ (braille pattern dots-12) U+2803" style="background:transparent;">⠃</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) U+2817" style="background:transparent;">⠗</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠑ (braille pattern dots-15) U+2811" style="background:transparent;">⠑</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠇ (braille pattern dots-123) U+2807" style="background:transparent;">⠇</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tamil_braille_sample.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/46/Tamil_braille_sample.png/220px-Tamil_braille_sample.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/46/Tamil_braille_sample.png/330px-Tamil_braille_sample.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/46/Tamil_braille_sample.png/440px-Tamil_braille_sample.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Sample of Tamil Braille</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Script type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabet</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data">various</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Related scripts</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent systems</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding-top:0.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Night_writing" title="Night writing">Night writing</a><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/English_Braille" title="English Braille">English Braille</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li>Bharati braille</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Child systems</div></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Braille" title="Bengali Braille">Bengali Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devanagari_Braille" title="Devanagari Braille">Devanagari Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_Braille" title="Gujarati Braille">Gujarati Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_Braille" title="Kannada Braille">Kannada Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_Braille" title="Malayalam Braille">Malayalam Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriya_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya Braille">Oriya Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Braille" title="Punjabi Braille">Punjabi Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_Braille" title="Sinhala Braille">Sinhala Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_Braille" title="Telugu Braille">Telugu Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Braille" title="Tamil Braille">Tamil Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Urdu_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Urdu Braille">Indian Urdu Braille</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg/40px-Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg/60px-Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg/80px-Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="28"></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Brahmic_scripts" title="Brahmic scripts">Indic text</a>.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support_(Indic)" title="Help:Multilingual support (Indic)">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Mojibake" title="Mojibake">question marks or boxes</a>, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.</div></div> </div> <p>Bharati braille alphabets use a 6-dot cell with values based largely on <a href="/wiki/English_Braille" title="English Braille">English Braille</a>. Letters are assigned as consistently as possible across the various regional scripts of India as they are transliterated in the Latin script, so that, for example, Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, and English are rendered largely the same in braille. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#System"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">System</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Alphabet"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Alphabet</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Codas"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Codas</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Punctuation"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Punctuation</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Pointing_and_Urdu"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Pointing and Urdu</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Other_languages"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Other languages</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Digits"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Digits</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="System">System</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: System" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Although basically alphabetic, Bharati braille retains one aspect of Indian <a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">abugidas</a>, in that the default vowel <i>a</i> is not written unless it occurs at the beginning of a syllable or before a vowel. This has been called a "linearized alphasyllabary abugida".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, and taking <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> as a representative printed script, the braille letter <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠅ (braille pattern dots-13) U+2805" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠅</span> (the consonant <i>K</i>) renders print <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">क</span></span> <i>ka</i>, and braille <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456) U+2839" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠹</span> (<i>TH</i>) renders print <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">थ</span></span> <i>tha</i>. To indicate that a consonant occurs without a following vowel (as when followed by another consonant, or at the end of a syllable), a <i><a href="/wiki/Virama" title="Virama">virama</a></i> (vowel-canceling) prefix is used: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1077953707"><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) U+2808" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠈</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠅ (braille pattern dots-13) U+2805" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠅</span> (<i>virama-K</i>) is <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">क</span></span> <i>k</i>, and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1077953707"><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) U+2808" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠈</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456) U+2839" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠹</span> (<i>virama-TH</i>) is <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">थ</span></span> <i>th</i>. However, unlike in print, there are no vowel diacritics in Bharati braille; vowels are written as full letters following the consonant, regardless of their order in print. For example, in print the vowel <i>i</i> is prefixed to a consonant in a reduced diacritic form, <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">कि</span></span> <i>ki</i>, but in braille it follows the consonant in its full form: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1077953707"><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠅ (braille pattern dots-13) U+2805" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠅</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠊ (braille pattern dots-24) U+280A" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠊</span> (<i>K-I</i>), equivalent to writing <span class="nowrap">⟨<span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">कइ</span></span>⟩</span> for <i>ki</i> in print. Thus print <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">क्लिक</span></span> <i>klika</i> is written in braille as <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1077953707"><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) U+2808" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠈</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠅ (braille pattern dots-13) U+2805" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠅</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠇ (braille pattern dots-123) U+2807" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠇</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠊ (braille pattern dots-24) U+280A" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠊</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠅ (braille pattern dots-13) U+2805" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠅</span> (<i>virama-K-L-I-K</i>). The one time a non-initial short <i>a</i> is written in braille is when it is followed by another vowel. In this environment the <i>a</i> must be written, because otherwise the subsequent vowel will be read as following the consonant immediately. Thus print <span class="nowrap">⟨<span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">कइ</span></span>⟩</span> <i>kai</i> is rendered in braille as <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1077953707"><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠅ (braille pattern dots-13) U+2805" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠅</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠁ (braille pattern dots-1) U+2801" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠁</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠊ (braille pattern dots-24) U+280A" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠊</span> (<i>K–A–I</i>), to disambiguate it from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1077953707"><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠅ (braille pattern dots-13) U+2805" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠅</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠊ (braille pattern dots-24) U+280A" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠊</span> for <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">कि</span></span> <i>ki</i>. </p><p>Apart from the <i>kṣ</i> and <i>jñ</i>, Bharati braille does not handle <a href="/wiki/Conjunct_consonant" title="Conjunct consonant">conjuncts</a>. Consonant clusters written as conjuncts in print are handled with the virama in braille, just as they are with computer fonts that lack the conjuncts. Bharati braille is thus equivalent to Grade-1 English braille, though there are plans to extend all the Bharati alphabets to include conjuncts. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Alphabet">Alphabet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Alphabet" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Following are the charts of the braille correspondences of the main Indian scripts.<sup id="cite_ref-Unesco_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unesco-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Irregularities, where a letter does not match the romanized heading, are placed in parentheses. </p> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/ISO_15919" title="ISO 15919">ISO</a></th> <th>a</th> <th>ā</th> <th>i</th> <th>ī</th> <th>u</th> <th>ū</th> <th>e</th> <th>ē</th> <th>ai</th> <th>o</th> <th>ō</th> <th>au </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1262716500">.mw-parser-output .brai_img img{background:#f8f9fa!important}.mw-parser-output .brai_img_transparent img{background:transparent!important}</style><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_A1.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠁ (braille pattern dots-1) U+2801"><noscript><img alt="⠁ (braille pattern dots-1)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_A1.svg/40px-Braille_A1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_A1.svg/40px-Braille_A1.svg.png" data-alt="⠁ (braille pattern dots-1)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_A1.svg/60px-Braille_A1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_A1.svg/80px-Braille_A1.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%84.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠜ (braille pattern dots-345) U+281C"><noscript><img alt="⠜ (braille pattern dots-345)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Braille_%C3%84.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%84.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Braille_%C3%84.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%84.svg.png" data-alt="⠜ (braille pattern dots-345)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Braille_%C3%84.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%84.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Braille_%C3%84.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%84.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_I9.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠊ (braille pattern dots-24) U+280A"><noscript><img alt="⠊ (braille pattern dots-24)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Braille_I9.svg/40px-Braille_I9.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Braille_I9.svg/40px-Braille_I9.svg.png" data-alt="⠊ (braille pattern dots-24)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Braille_I9.svg/60px-Braille_I9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Braille_I9.svg/80px-Braille_I9.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Asterisk.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35) U+2814"><noscript><img alt="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/40px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/40px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png" data-alt="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/60px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/80px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_U.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠥ (braille pattern dots-136) U+2825"><noscript><img alt="⠥ (braille pattern dots-136)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Braille_U.svg/40px-Braille_U.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Braille_U.svg/40px-Braille_U.svg.png" data-alt="⠥ (braille pattern dots-136)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Braille_U.svg/60px-Braille_U.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Braille_U.svg/80px-Braille_U.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%9C.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠳ (braille pattern dots-1256) U+2833"><noscript><img alt="⠳ (braille pattern dots-1256)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Braille_%C3%9C.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%9C.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Braille_%C3%9C.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%9C.svg.png" data-alt="⠳ (braille pattern dots-1256)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Braille_%C3%9C.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%9C.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Braille_%C3%9C.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%9C.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_QuestionMark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠢ (braille pattern dots-26) U+2822"><noscript><img alt="⠢ (braille pattern dots-26)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Braille_QuestionMark.svg/40px-Braille_QuestionMark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Braille_QuestionMark.svg/40px-Braille_QuestionMark.svg.png" data-alt="⠢ (braille pattern dots-26)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Braille_QuestionMark.svg/60px-Braille_QuestionMark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Braille_QuestionMark.svg/80px-Braille_QuestionMark.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_E5.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠑ (braille pattern dots-15) U+2811"><noscript><img alt="⠑ (braille pattern dots-15)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Braille_E5.svg/40px-Braille_E5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Braille_E5.svg/40px-Braille_E5.svg.png" data-alt="⠑ (braille pattern dots-15)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Braille_E5.svg/60px-Braille_E5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Braille_E5.svg/80px-Braille_E5.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_ST.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠌ (braille pattern dots-34) U+280C"><noscript><img alt="⠌ (braille pattern dots-34)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Braille_ST.svg/40px-Braille_ST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Braille_ST.svg/40px-Braille_ST.svg.png" data-alt="⠌ (braille pattern dots-34)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Braille_ST.svg/60px-Braille_ST.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Braille_ST.svg/80px-Braille_ST.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_X.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠭ (braille pattern dots-1346) U+282D"><noscript><img alt="⠭ (braille pattern dots-1346)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_X.svg/40px-Braille_X.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_X.svg/40px-Braille_X.svg.png" data-alt="⠭ (braille pattern dots-1346)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_X.svg/60px-Braille_X.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_X.svg/80px-Braille_X.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_O.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠕ (braille pattern dots-135) U+2815"><noscript><img alt="⠕ (braille pattern dots-135)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Braille_O.svg/40px-Braille_O.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Braille_O.svg/40px-Braille_O.svg.png" data-alt="⠕ (braille pattern dots-135)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Braille_O.svg/60px-Braille_O.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Braille_O.svg/80px-Braille_O.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%96.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠪ (braille pattern dots-246) U+282A"><noscript><img alt="⠪ (braille pattern dots-246)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Braille_%C3%96.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%96.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Braille_%C3%96.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%96.svg.png" data-alt="⠪ (braille pattern dots-246)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Braille_%C3%96.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%96.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Braille_%C3%96.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%96.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਅ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਆ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਇ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਈ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਉ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਊ</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਏ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਐ</span></span></td> <td>(<span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਖ਼</span></span> x)<sup id="cite_ref-x_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-x-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਔ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td></td> <td>آ</td> <td></td> <td>ی</td> <td></td> <td>و</td> <td></td> <td>ے</td> <td>ے </td> <td>(خ x)<sup id="cite_ref-x_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-x-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>و</td> <td>و </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">अ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">आ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">इ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ई</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">उ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ऊ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ऎ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ए</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ऐ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ऒ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ओ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">औ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <td>ा</td> <td>ि</td> <td>ी</td> <td>ु</td> <td>ू</td> <td>ॆ</td> <td>े</td> <td>ै</td> <td>ॊ</td> <td>ो</td> <td>ौ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">અ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">આ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઇ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઈ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઉ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઊ</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">એ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઐ</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઔ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">অ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">আ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ই</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঈ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">উ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঊ</span></span></td> <td>(<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">য়</span></span> y)<sup id="cite_ref-b_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">এ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঐ</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ও</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঔ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଅ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଆ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଇ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଈ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଉ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଊ</span></span></td> <td>(<span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ୟ</span></span> ẏ)<sup id="cite_ref-b_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଏ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଐ</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଔ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">అ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఆ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఇ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఈ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఉ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఊ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఎ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఏ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఐ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఒ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఔ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಅ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಆ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಇ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಈ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಉ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಊ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಎ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಏ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಐ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಒ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಔ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">അ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ആ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഇ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഈ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഉ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഊ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">എ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഏ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഐ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഒ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഔ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">அ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஆ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">இ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஈ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">உ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஊ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">எ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஏ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஐ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஒ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஔ</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th colspan="2">r̥</th> <th colspan="2">r̥̄</th> <th colspan="2">l̥</th> <th colspan="2">l̥̄ </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) U+2810"><noscript><img alt="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/40px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/40px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png" data-alt="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/60px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/80px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_R.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) U+2817"><noscript><img alt="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/40px-Braille_R.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/40px-Braille_R.svg.png" data-alt="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/60px-Braille_R.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/80px-Braille_R.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_CapitalSign.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6) U+2820"><noscript><img alt="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/40px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/40px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png" data-alt="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/60px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/80px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_R.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) U+2817"><noscript><img alt="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/40px-Braille_R.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/40px-Braille_R.svg.png" data-alt="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/60px-Braille_R.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/80px-Braille_R.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) U+2810"><noscript><img alt="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/40px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/40px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png" data-alt="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/60px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/80px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_L.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123) U+2807"><noscript><img alt="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/40px-Braille_L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/40px-Braille_L.svg.png" data-alt="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/60px-Braille_L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/80px-Braille_L.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_CapitalSign.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6) U+2820"><noscript><img alt="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/40px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/40px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png" data-alt="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/60px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/80px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_L.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123) U+2807"><noscript><img alt="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/40px-Braille_L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/40px-Braille_L.svg.png" data-alt="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/60px-Braille_L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/80px-Braille_L.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ऋ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ॠ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ऌ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ॡ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">ृ</td> <td colspan="2">ॄ</td> <td colspan="2">ॢ</td> <td colspan="2">ॣ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઋ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ૠ</span></span></td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঋ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঌ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଋ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ୠ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଌ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ୡ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఋ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ౠ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఌ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ౡ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಋ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ೠ</span></span></td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഋ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ൠ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഌ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ൡ</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th>k</th> <th>kh</th> <th>g</th> <th>gh</th> <th>ṅ </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_K.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠅ (braille pattern dots-13) U+2805"><noscript><img alt="⠅ (braille pattern dots-13)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Braille_K.svg/40px-Braille_K.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Braille_K.svg/40px-Braille_K.svg.png" data-alt="⠅ (braille pattern dots-13)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Braille_K.svg/60px-Braille_K.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Braille_K.svg/80px-Braille_K.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_DecimalPoint.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠨ (braille pattern dots-46) U+2828"><noscript><img alt="⠨ (braille pattern dots-46)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Braille_DecimalPoint.svg/40px-Braille_DecimalPoint.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Braille_DecimalPoint.svg/40px-Braille_DecimalPoint.svg.png" data-alt="⠨ (braille pattern dots-46)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Braille_DecimalPoint.svg/60px-Braille_DecimalPoint.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Braille_DecimalPoint.svg/80px-Braille_DecimalPoint.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_G7.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠛ (braille pattern dots-1245) U+281B"><noscript><img alt="⠛ (braille pattern dots-1245)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Braille_G7.svg/40px-Braille_G7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Braille_G7.svg/40px-Braille_G7.svg.png" data-alt="⠛ (braille pattern dots-1245)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Braille_G7.svg/60px-Braille_G7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Braille_G7.svg/80px-Braille_G7.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%8A.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠣ (braille pattern dots-126) U+2823"><noscript><img alt="⠣ (braille pattern dots-126)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Braille_%C3%8A.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%8A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Braille_%C3%8A.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%8A.svg.png" data-alt="⠣ (braille pattern dots-126)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Braille_%C3%8A.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%8A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Braille_%C3%8A.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%8A.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%92.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠬ (braille pattern dots-346) U+282C"><noscript><img alt="⠬ (braille pattern dots-346)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Braille_%C3%92.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%92.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Braille_%C3%92.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%92.svg.png" data-alt="⠬ (braille pattern dots-346)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Braille_%C3%92.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%92.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Braille_%C3%92.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%92.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਕ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਖ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਗ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਘ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਙ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td>ک</td> <td>کھ</td> <td>گ</td> <td>گھ</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">क</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ख</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ग</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">घ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ङ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ક</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ખ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ગ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઘ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઙ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ক</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">খ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">গ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঘ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঙ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">କ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଖ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଗ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଘ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଙ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">క</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఖ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">గ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఘ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఙ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಕ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಖ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಗ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಘ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಙ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ക</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഖ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഗ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഘ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ങ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">க</span></span></td> <td colspan="3"></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ங</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th>c</th> <th>ch</th> <th>j</th> <th>jh</th> <th>ñ </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_C3.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠉ (braille pattern dots-14) U+2809"><noscript><img alt="⠉ (braille pattern dots-14)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Braille_C3.svg/40px-Braille_C3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Braille_C3.svg/40px-Braille_C3.svg.png" data-alt="⠉ (braille pattern dots-14)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Braille_C3.svg/60px-Braille_C3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Braille_C3.svg/80px-Braille_C3.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%85.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠡ (braille pattern dots-16) U+2821"><noscript><img alt="⠡ (braille pattern dots-16)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Braille_%C3%85.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%85.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Braille_%C3%85.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%85.svg.png" data-alt="⠡ (braille pattern dots-16)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Braille_%C3%85.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%85.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Braille_%C3%85.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%85.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_J0.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠚ (braille pattern dots-245) U+281A"><noscript><img alt="⠚ (braille pattern dots-245)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Braille_J0.svg/40px-Braille_J0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Braille_J0.svg/40px-Braille_J0.svg.png" data-alt="⠚ (braille pattern dots-245)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Braille_J0.svg/60px-Braille_J0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Braille_J0.svg/80px-Braille_J0.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_QuoteClose.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠴ (braille pattern dots-356) U+2834"><noscript><img alt="⠴ (braille pattern dots-356)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Braille_QuoteClose.svg/40px-Braille_QuoteClose.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Braille_QuoteClose.svg/40px-Braille_QuoteClose.svg.png" data-alt="⠴ (braille pattern dots-356)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Braille_QuoteClose.svg/60px-Braille_QuoteClose.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Braille_QuoteClose.svg/80px-Braille_QuoteClose.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Colon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) U+2812"><noscript><img alt="⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Colon.svg/40px-Braille_Colon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Colon.svg/40px-Braille_Colon.svg.png" data-alt="⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Colon.svg/60px-Braille_Colon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Colon.svg/80px-Braille_Colon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਚ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਛ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਜ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਝ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td>چ</td> <td>چھ</td> <td>ج</td> <td>جھ</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">च</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">छ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ज</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">झ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ञ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ચ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">છ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">જ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઝ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">চ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ছ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">জ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঝ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଚ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଛ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଜ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଝ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">చ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఛ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">జ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఝ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಚ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಛ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಜ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಝ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ച</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഛ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ജ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഝ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ச</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஜ</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஞ</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th>ṭ</th> <th>ṭh</th> <th>ḍ</th> <th>ḍh</th> <th>ṇ </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%99.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠾ (braille pattern dots-23456) U+283E"><noscript><img alt="⠾ (braille pattern dots-23456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Braille_%C3%99.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%99.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Braille_%C3%99.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%99.svg.png" data-alt="⠾ (braille pattern dots-23456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Braille_%C3%99.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%99.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Braille_%C3%99.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%99.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_W.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠺ (braille pattern dots-2456) U+283A"><noscript><img alt="⠺ (braille pattern dots-2456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Braille_W.svg/40px-Braille_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Braille_W.svg/40px-Braille_W.svg.png" data-alt="⠺ (braille pattern dots-2456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Braille_W.svg/60px-Braille_W.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Braille_W.svg/80px-Braille_W.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%8B.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠫ (braille pattern dots-1246) U+282B"><noscript><img alt="⠫ (braille pattern dots-1246)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_%C3%8B.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%8B.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_%C3%8B.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%8B.svg.png" data-alt="⠫ (braille pattern dots-1246)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_%C3%8B.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%8B.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_%C3%8B.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%8B.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%89.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠿ (braille pattern dots-123456) U+283F"><noscript><img alt="⠿ (braille pattern dots-123456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Braille_%C3%89.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%89.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Braille_%C3%89.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%89.svg.png" data-alt="⠿ (braille pattern dots-123456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Braille_%C3%89.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%89.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Braille_%C3%89.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%89.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_NumberSign.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠼ (braille pattern dots-3456) U+283C"><noscript><img alt="⠼ (braille pattern dots-3456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Braille_NumberSign.svg/40px-Braille_NumberSign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Braille_NumberSign.svg/40px-Braille_NumberSign.svg.png" data-alt="⠼ (braille pattern dots-3456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Braille_NumberSign.svg/60px-Braille_NumberSign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Braille_NumberSign.svg/80px-Braille_NumberSign.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਟ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਠ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਡ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਢ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਣ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td>ٹ</td> <td>ٹھ</td> <td>ڈ</td> <td>ڈھ</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ट</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ठ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ड</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ढ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ण</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ટ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઠ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ડ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ઢ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ણ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ট</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঠ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ড</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঢ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ণ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଟ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଠ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଡ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଢ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଣ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ట</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఠ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">డ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఢ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ణ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಟ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಠ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಡ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಢ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಣ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ട</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഠ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഡ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഢ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ണ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ட</span></span></td> <td colspan="3"></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ண</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th>t</th> <th>th</th> <th>d</th> <th>dh</th> <th>n </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_T.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345) U+281E"><noscript><img alt="⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_T.svg/40px-Braille_T.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_T.svg/40px-Braille_T.svg.png" data-alt="⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_T.svg/60px-Braille_T.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_T.svg/80px-Braille_T.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%94.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456) U+2839"><noscript><img alt="⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_%C3%94.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%94.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_%C3%94.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%94.svg.png" data-alt="⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_%C3%94.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%94.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_%C3%94.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%94.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_D4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠙ (braille pattern dots-145) U+2819"><noscript><img alt="⠙ (braille pattern dots-145)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Braille_D4.svg/40px-Braille_D4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Braille_D4.svg/40px-Braille_D4.svg.png" data-alt="⠙ (braille pattern dots-145)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Braille_D4.svg/60px-Braille_D4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Braille_D4.svg/80px-Braille_D4.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%88.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠮ (braille pattern dots-2346) U+282E"><noscript><img alt="⠮ (braille pattern dots-2346)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Braille_%C3%88.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%88.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Braille_%C3%88.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%88.svg.png" data-alt="⠮ (braille pattern dots-2346)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Braille_%C3%88.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%88.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Braille_%C3%88.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%88.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_N.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) U+281D"><noscript><img alt="⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Braille_N.svg/40px-Braille_N.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Braille_N.svg/40px-Braille_N.svg.png" data-alt="⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Braille_N.svg/60px-Braille_N.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Braille_N.svg/80px-Braille_N.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਤ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਥ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਦ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਧ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਨ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td>ت</td> <td>تھ</td> <td>د</td> <td>دھ</td> <td>ن </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">त</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">थ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">द</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ध</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">न</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ત</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">થ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">દ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ધ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ન</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ত</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">থ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">দ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ধ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ন</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ତ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଥ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଦ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଧ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ନ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">త</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">థ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ద</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ధ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">న</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ತ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಥ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ದ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಧ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ನ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ത</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഥ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ദ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ധ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ന</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">த</span></span></td> <td colspan="3"></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ந</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th>p</th> <th>ph</th> <th>b</th> <th>bh</th> <th>m </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_P.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠏ (braille pattern dots-1234) U+280F"><noscript><img alt="⠏ (braille pattern dots-1234)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Braille_P.svg/40px-Braille_P.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Braille_P.svg/40px-Braille_P.svg.png" data-alt="⠏ (braille pattern dots-1234)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Braille_P.svg/60px-Braille_P.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Braille_P.svg/80px-Braille_P.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠖ (braille pattern dots-235) U+2816"><noscript><img alt="⠖ (braille pattern dots-235)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg/40px-Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg/40px-Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg.png" data-alt="⠖ (braille pattern dots-235)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg/60px-Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg/80px-Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_B2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠃ (braille pattern dots-12) U+2803"><noscript><img alt="⠃ (braille pattern dots-12)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Braille_B2.svg/40px-Braille_B2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Braille_B2.svg/40px-Braille_B2.svg.png" data-alt="⠃ (braille pattern dots-12)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Braille_B2.svg/60px-Braille_B2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Braille_B2.svg/80px-Braille_B2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Currency.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠘ (braille pattern dots-45) U+2818"><noscript><img alt="⠘ (braille pattern dots-45)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Currency.svg/40px-Braille_Currency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Currency.svg/40px-Braille_Currency.svg.png" data-alt="⠘ (braille pattern dots-45)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Currency.svg/60px-Braille_Currency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Currency.svg/80px-Braille_Currency.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_M.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠍ (braille pattern dots-134) U+280D"><noscript><img alt="⠍ (braille pattern dots-134)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_M.svg/40px-Braille_M.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_M.svg/40px-Braille_M.svg.png" data-alt="⠍ (braille pattern dots-134)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_M.svg/60px-Braille_M.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_M.svg/80px-Braille_M.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਪ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਫ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਬ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਭ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਮ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td>پ</td> <td>پھ</td> <td>ب</td> <td>بھ</td> <td>م </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">प</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">फ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ब</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">भ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">म</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">પ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ફ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">બ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ભ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">મ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">প</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ফ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ব</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ভ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ম</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ପ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଫ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ବ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଭ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ମ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ప</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఫ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">బ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">భ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">మ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಪ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಫ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಬ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಭ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಮ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">പ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഫ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ബ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഭ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">മ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ப</span></span></td> <td colspan="3"></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ம</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th>y</th> <th>r</th> <th>l</th> <th>ḷ</th> <th>v </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Y.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠽ (braille pattern dots-13456) U+283D"><noscript><img alt="⠽ (braille pattern dots-13456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Braille_Y.svg/40px-Braille_Y.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Braille_Y.svg/40px-Braille_Y.svg.png" data-alt="⠽ (braille pattern dots-13456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Braille_Y.svg/60px-Braille_Y.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Braille_Y.svg/80px-Braille_Y.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_R.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) U+2817"><noscript><img alt="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/40px-Braille_R.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/40px-Braille_R.svg.png" data-alt="⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/60px-Braille_R.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Braille_R.svg/80px-Braille_R.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_L.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123) U+2807"><noscript><img alt="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/40px-Braille_L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/40px-Braille_L.svg.png" data-alt="⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/60px-Braille_L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Braille_L.svg/80px-Braille_L.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_CursiveSign.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠸ (braille pattern dots-456) U+2838"><noscript><img alt="⠸ (braille pattern dots-456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Braille_CursiveSign.svg/40px-Braille_CursiveSign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Braille_CursiveSign.svg/40px-Braille_CursiveSign.svg.png" data-alt="⠸ (braille pattern dots-456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Braille_CursiveSign.svg/60px-Braille_CursiveSign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Braille_CursiveSign.svg/80px-Braille_CursiveSign.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_V.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠧ (braille pattern dots-1236) U+2827"><noscript><img alt="⠧ (braille pattern dots-1236)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Braille_V.svg/40px-Braille_V.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Braille_V.svg/40px-Braille_V.svg.png" data-alt="⠧ (braille pattern dots-1236)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Braille_V.svg/60px-Braille_V.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Braille_V.svg/80px-Braille_V.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਯ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਰ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਲ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਲ਼</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਵ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td>ی</td> <td>ر</td> <td>ل</td> <td></td> <td>و </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">य</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">र</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ल</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ळ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">व</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ય</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ર</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">લ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ળ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">વ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">য</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">র</span></span>/<span title="Assamese-language text"><span lang="as">ৰ</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-a_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ল</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Assamese-language text"><span lang="as">ৱ</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-a_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଯ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ର</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଳ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଲ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ୱ</span></span>/<span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଵ</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">య</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ర</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ల</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ళ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">వ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಯ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ರ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಲ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಳ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ವ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">യ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ര</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ല</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ള</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">വ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ய</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ர</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ல</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ள</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">வ</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th>ś</th> <th>ṣ</th> <th>s</th> <th>h </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_SH.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠩ (braille pattern dots-146) U+2829"><noscript><img alt="⠩ (braille pattern dots-146)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Braille_SH.svg/40px-Braille_SH.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Braille_SH.svg/40px-Braille_SH.svg.png" data-alt="⠩ (braille pattern dots-146)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Braille_SH.svg/60px-Braille_SH.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Braille_SH.svg/80px-Braille_SH.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_AND.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠯ (braille pattern dots-12346) U+282F"><noscript><img alt="⠯ (braille pattern dots-12346)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Braille_AND.svg/40px-Braille_AND.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Braille_AND.svg/40px-Braille_AND.svg.png" data-alt="⠯ (braille pattern dots-12346)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Braille_AND.svg/60px-Braille_AND.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Braille_AND.svg/80px-Braille_AND.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_S.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠎ (braille pattern dots-234) U+280E"><noscript><img alt="⠎ (braille pattern dots-234)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_S.svg/40px-Braille_S.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_S.svg/40px-Braille_S.svg.png" data-alt="⠎ (braille pattern dots-234)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_S.svg/60px-Braille_S.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_S.svg/80px-Braille_S.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_H8.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠓ (braille pattern dots-125) U+2813"><noscript><img alt="⠓ (braille pattern dots-125)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Braille_H8.svg/40px-Braille_H8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Braille_H8.svg/40px-Braille_H8.svg.png" data-alt="⠓ (braille pattern dots-125)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Braille_H8.svg/60px-Braille_H8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Braille_H8.svg/80px-Braille_H8.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਸ਼</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਸ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਹ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td>ش</td> <td>ص</td> <td>س</td> <td>ہ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">श</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ष</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">स</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ह</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">શ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ષ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">સ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">હ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">শ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ষ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">স</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">হ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଶ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଷ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ସ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ହ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">శ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ష</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">స</span></span></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">హ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಶ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಷ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಸ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಹ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ശ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഷ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">സ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഹ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஶ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஷ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஸ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஹ</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th>kṣ</th> <th>jñ</th> <th>ṛ/ṟ</th> <th colspan="2">ṛh</th> <th>ḻ</th> <th>ṉ</th> <th>f</th> <th>z </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Q.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠟ (braille pattern dots-12345) U+281F"><noscript><img alt="⠟ (braille pattern dots-12345)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Braille_Q.svg/40px-Braille_Q.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Braille_Q.svg/40px-Braille_Q.svg.png" data-alt="⠟ (braille pattern dots-12345)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Braille_Q.svg/60px-Braille_Q.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Braille_Q.svg/80px-Braille_Q.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%9B.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠱ (braille pattern dots-156) U+2831"><noscript><img alt="⠱ (braille pattern dots-156)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Braille_%C3%9B.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%9B.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Braille_%C3%9B.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%9B.svg.png" data-alt="⠱ (braille pattern dots-156)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Braille_%C3%9B.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%9B.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Braille_%C3%9B.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%9B.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%8F.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456) U+283B"><noscript><img alt="⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_%C3%8F.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%8F.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_%C3%8F.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%8F.svg.png" data-alt="⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_%C3%8F.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%8F.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_%C3%8F.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%8F.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) U+2810"><noscript><img alt="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/40px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/40px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png" data-alt="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/60px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/80px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%8F.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456) U+283B"><noscript><img alt="⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_%C3%8F.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%8F.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_%C3%8F.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%8F.svg.png" data-alt="⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_%C3%8F.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%8F.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Braille_%C3%8F.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%8F.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%80.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠷ (braille pattern dots-12356) U+2837"><noscript><img alt="⠷ (braille pattern dots-12356)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Braille_%C3%80.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%80.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Braille_%C3%80.svg/40px-Braille_%C3%80.svg.png" data-alt="⠷ (braille pattern dots-12356)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Braille_%C3%80.svg/60px-Braille_%C3%80.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Braille_%C3%80.svg/80px-Braille_%C3%80.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Correction.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠰ (braille pattern dots-56) U+2830"><noscript><img alt="⠰ (braille pattern dots-56)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_Correction.svg/40px-Braille_Correction.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_Correction.svg/40px-Braille_Correction.svg.png" data-alt="⠰ (braille pattern dots-56)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_Correction.svg/60px-Braille_Correction.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_Correction.svg/80px-Braille_Correction.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_F6.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠋ (braille pattern dots-124) U+280B"><noscript><img alt="⠋ (braille pattern dots-124)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_F6.svg/40px-Braille_F6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_F6.svg/40px-Braille_F6.svg.png" data-alt="⠋ (braille pattern dots-124)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_F6.svg/60px-Braille_F6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Braille_F6.svg/80px-Braille_F6.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Z.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356) U+2835"><noscript><img alt="⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Braille_Z.svg/40px-Braille_Z.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Braille_Z.svg/40px-Braille_Z.svg.png" data-alt="⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Braille_Z.svg/60px-Braille_Z.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Braille_Z.svg/80px-Braille_Z.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ੜ</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਫ਼</span></span></td> <td><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਜ਼</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td>(ق q)<sup id="cite_ref-uu_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>(ح ḥ)<sup id="cite_ref-uu_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ڑ </td> <td colspan="2">ڑھ </td> <td>(ع ʿ)<sup id="cite_ref-uu_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td></td> <td>ف</td> <td>ز </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">क्ष</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ज्ञ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ड़</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ढ़</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">फ़</span></span></td> <td><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ज़</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ક્ષ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">જ્ઞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ক্ষ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">জ্ঞ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ড়</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঢ়</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">କ୍ଷ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଜ୍ଞ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଡ଼</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଢ଼</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">క్ష</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఱ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಕ್ಷ</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಱ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ೞ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ക്ഷ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ജ്ഞ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">റ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഴ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഩ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">க்ஷ</span></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ற</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ழ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ன</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Codas">Codas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Codas" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <table class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>Diacritics shown on the letter <i>ka</i> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO</th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Halant" class="mw-redirect" title="Halant">Halant</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Anusvara" title="Anusvara">Anusvara</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Visarga" title="Visarga">Visarga</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Candrabindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Candrabindu">Candrabindu</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Avagraha" title="Avagraha">Avagraha</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Accent.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) U+2808"><noscript><img alt="⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Braille_Accent.svg/40px-Braille_Accent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Braille_Accent.svg/40px-Braille_Accent.svg.png" data-alt="⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Braille_Accent.svg/60px-Braille_Accent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Braille_Accent.svg/80px-Braille_Accent.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Correction.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠰ (braille pattern dots-56) U+2830"><noscript><img alt="⠰ (braille pattern dots-56)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_Correction.svg/40px-Braille_Correction.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_Correction.svg/40px-Braille_Correction.svg.png" data-alt="⠰ (braille pattern dots-56)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_Correction.svg/60px-Braille_Correction.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Braille_Correction.svg/80px-Braille_Correction.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_CapitalSign.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6) U+2820"><noscript><img alt="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/40px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/40px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png" data-alt="⠠ (braille pattern dots-6)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/60px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Braille_CapitalSign.svg/80px-Braille_CapitalSign.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Apostrophe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠄ (braille pattern dots-3) U+2804"><noscript><img alt="⠄ (braille pattern dots-3)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_Apostrophe.svg/40px-Braille_Apostrophe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_Apostrophe.svg/40px-Braille_Apostrophe.svg.png" data-alt="⠄ (braille pattern dots-3)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_Apostrophe.svg/60px-Braille_Apostrophe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_Apostrophe.svg/80px-Braille_Apostrophe.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Comma.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠂ (braille pattern dots-2) U+2802"><noscript><img alt="⠂ (braille pattern dots-2)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Braille_Comma.svg/40px-Braille_Comma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Braille_Comma.svg/40px-Braille_Comma.svg.png" data-alt="⠂ (braille pattern dots-2)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Braille_Comma.svg/60px-Braille_Comma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Braille_Comma.svg/80px-Braille_Comma.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī script">Gurmukhi</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਕ੍</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਕਂ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਕਃ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਕਁ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a> </th> <td colspan="2"></td> <td colspan="2">ں</td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">क्</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">कं</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">कः</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">कँ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">कऽ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">ક્</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">કં</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">કઃ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">કઁ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Gujarati-language text"><span lang="gu">કઽ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ক্</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">কং</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">কঃ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">কঁ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">কঽ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oriya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriya script">Oriya</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">କ୍</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">କଂ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">କଃ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">କଁ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">କଽ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">క్</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">కం</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">కః</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">కఁ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">కఽ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಕ್</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಕಂ</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">ಕಃ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ക്</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">കം</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">കഃ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">க்</span></span></td> <td colspan="2"></td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஃ</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd>In Hindi (written in Devanagari), <i>halanta</i> is not used with the last letter when a word ends in a consonant.</dd></dl> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Punctuation">Punctuation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Punctuation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Some of the punctuation marks (comma, close quote) duplicate letters. The caps mark is only used when transcribing English. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Punctuation</th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Comma" title="Comma">Comma</a> /<br><a href="/wiki/Apostrophe" title="Apostrophe">Apostrophe</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/;" class="mw-redirect" title=";">;</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Colon_(punctuation)" title="Colon (punctuation)">:</a></th> <th>। <br>(<a href="/wiki/Danda" title="Danda">danda</a>)</th> <th colspan="2">॥ <br>(double danda)</th> <th><a href="/wiki/!" class="mw-redirect" title="!">!</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="?">?</a> / Open <br>quote</th> <th>Close <br>quote </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Comma.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠂ (braille pattern dots-2) U+2802"><noscript><img alt="⠂ (braille pattern dots-2)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Braille_Comma.svg/40px-Braille_Comma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Braille_Comma.svg/40px-Braille_Comma.svg.png" data-alt="⠂ (braille pattern dots-2)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Braille_Comma.svg/60px-Braille_Comma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Braille_Comma.svg/80px-Braille_Comma.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Semicolon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠆ (braille pattern dots-23) U+2806"><noscript><img alt="⠆ (braille pattern dots-23)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Braille_Semicolon.svg/40px-Braille_Semicolon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Braille_Semicolon.svg/40px-Braille_Semicolon.svg.png" data-alt="⠆ (braille pattern dots-23)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Braille_Semicolon.svg/60px-Braille_Semicolon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Braille_Semicolon.svg/80px-Braille_Semicolon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Colon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) U+2812"><noscript><img alt="⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Colon.svg/40px-Braille_Colon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Colon.svg/40px-Braille_Colon.svg.png" data-alt="⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Colon.svg/60px-Braille_Colon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Braille_Colon.svg/80px-Braille_Colon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Period.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256) U+2832"><noscript><img alt="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/40px-Braille_Period.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/40px-Braille_Period.svg.png" data-alt="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/60px-Braille_Period.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/80px-Braille_Period.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Period.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256) U+2832"><noscript><img alt="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/40px-Braille_Period.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/40px-Braille_Period.svg.png" data-alt="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/60px-Braille_Period.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/80px-Braille_Period.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Period.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256) U+2832"><noscript><img alt="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/40px-Braille_Period.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/40px-Braille_Period.svg.png" data-alt="⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/60px-Braille_Period.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Braille_Period.svg/80px-Braille_Period.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠖ (braille pattern dots-235) U+2816"><noscript><img alt="⠖ (braille pattern dots-235)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg/40px-Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg/40px-Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg.png" data-alt="⠖ (braille pattern dots-235)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg/60px-Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg/80px-Braille_ExclamationPoint.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_QuoteOpen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠦ (braille pattern dots-236) U+2826"><noscript><img alt="⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Braille_QuoteOpen.svg/40px-Braille_QuoteOpen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Braille_QuoteOpen.svg/40px-Braille_QuoteOpen.svg.png" data-alt="⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Braille_QuoteOpen.svg/60px-Braille_QuoteOpen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Braille_QuoteOpen.svg/80px-Braille_QuoteOpen.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_QuoteClose.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠴ (braille pattern dots-356) U+2834"><noscript><img alt="⠴ (braille pattern dots-356)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Braille_QuoteClose.svg/40px-Braille_QuoteClose.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Braille_QuoteClose.svg/40px-Braille_QuoteClose.svg.png" data-alt="⠴ (braille pattern dots-356)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Braille_QuoteClose.svg/60px-Braille_QuoteClose.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Braille_QuoteClose.svg/80px-Braille_QuoteClose.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Punctuation</th> <th>Accent</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hyphen" title="Hyphen">Hyphen</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dash" title="Dash">Dash</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/I%27jam" class="mw-redirect" title="I'jam">Pointing</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Asterisk" title="Asterisk">Asterisk</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Italics" class="mw-redirect" title="Italics">Italics</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Parentheses" class="mw-redirect" title="Parentheses">( )</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Braille </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Accent.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) U+2808"><noscript><img alt="⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Braille_Accent.svg/40px-Braille_Accent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Braille_Accent.svg/40px-Braille_Accent.svg.png" data-alt="⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Braille_Accent.svg/60px-Braille_Accent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Braille_Accent.svg/80px-Braille_Accent.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Hyphen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36) U+2824"><noscript><img alt="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/40px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/40px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png" data-alt="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/60px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/80px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Hyphen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36) U+2824"><noscript><img alt="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/40px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/40px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png" data-alt="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/60px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/80px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Hyphen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36) U+2824"><noscript><img alt="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/40px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/40px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png" data-alt="⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/60px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Braille_Hyphen.svg/80px-Braille_Hyphen.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) U+2810"><noscript><img alt="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/40px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/40px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png" data-alt="⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/60px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg/80px-Braille_ContractionPrefix.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Asterisk.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35) U+2814"><noscript><img alt="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/40px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/40px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png" data-alt="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/60px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/80px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Asterisk.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35) U+2814"><noscript><img alt="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/40px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/40px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png" data-alt="⠔ (braille pattern dots-35)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/60px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Braille_Asterisk.svg/80px-Braille_Asterisk.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_DecimalPoint.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠨ (braille pattern dots-46) U+2828"><noscript><img alt="⠨ (braille pattern dots-46)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Braille_DecimalPoint.svg/40px-Braille_DecimalPoint.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Braille_DecimalPoint.svg/40px-Braille_DecimalPoint.svg.png" data-alt="⠨ (braille pattern dots-46)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Braille_DecimalPoint.svg/60px-Braille_DecimalPoint.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Braille_DecimalPoint.svg/80px-Braille_DecimalPoint.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Bracket.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356) U+2836"><noscript><img alt="⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_Bracket.svg/40px-Braille_Bracket.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_Bracket.svg/40px-Braille_Bracket.svg.png" data-alt="⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_Bracket.svg/60px-Braille_Bracket.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_Bracket.svg/80px-Braille_Bracket.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span>...<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1262716500"><span class="brai_img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Bracket.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356) U+2836"><noscript><img alt="⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_Bracket.svg/40px-Braille_Bracket.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 56px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_Bracket.svg/40px-Braille_Bracket.svg.png" data-alt="⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356)" data-width="40" data-height="56" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_Bracket.svg/60px-Braille_Bracket.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Braille_Bracket.svg/80px-Braille_Bracket.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The 'accent', <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) U+2808" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠈</span>, transcribes Urdu ّ <i><a href="/wiki/Shaddah" title="Shaddah">shaddah</a> (tashdeed)</i>, and the colon, <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) U+2812" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠒</span>, is also used for Urdu ة <i><a href="/wiki/Ta_marbuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta marbuta">ta marbuta</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In Bangladesh and Nepal, several additional punctuation marks are noted, but they do not agree with each other. It is not clear which are used in India. (See <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Braille" title="Bengali Braille">Bengali Braille</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nepali_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepali Braille">Nepali Braille</a>.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pointing_and_Urdu">Pointing and Urdu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pointing and Urdu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Urdu_Braille" title="Urdu Braille">Urdu Braille</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hindi_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi Braille">Hindi Braille</a></div> <p>The pointing symbol, <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) U+2810" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠐</span>, is used for consonant letters that in print are derived by adding a dot to another consonant. For Urdu, the base letter in Devanagari is used: the pointing of the Arabic/Persian script is not reflected. For example, Gurmukhi <span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਗ਼</span></span> / Urdu غ / Devanagari <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ग़</span></span> <i>ġa </i><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɣ]</span>, formed by adding a dot to <i>g</i> in Gurmukhi and Devanagari, is written <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1077953707"><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) U+2810" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠐</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠛ (braille pattern dots-1245) U+281B" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠛</span> <i>point-G</i> in all three. With Urdu, this is only done in India. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_languages">Other languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other languages" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><i>Ethnologue</i> 17 reports braille usage for <a href="/wiki/Mizo_language" title="Mizo language">Mizo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garo_language" title="Garo language">Garo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>. It is not clear if these are obsolete alphabets, or if they have been unified with Bharati Braille. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Digits">Digits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Digits" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>Digits follow international conventions and are marked by <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠼ (braille pattern dots-3456) U+283C" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠼</span>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon-prayer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Moon-prayer.jpg/220px-Moon-prayer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="395" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1292" data-file-height="2320"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 395px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Moon-prayer.jpg/220px-Moon-prayer.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="395" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Moon-prayer.jpg/330px-Moon-prayer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Moon-prayer.jpg/440px-Moon-prayer.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>A sample of <a href="/wiki/Moon_type" title="Moon type">Moon type</a> in various languages including "Hindustanee"</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moon_type" title="Moon type">Moon type</a> is a simplification of the Latin alphabet for embossing. An adaptation for "Hindustanee"-reading blind people as proposed.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With a few inconsistencies in non-native sounds in Sinhala</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131103051225/http://www.bpaindia.org/VIB%20Chapter-VI.pdf">"Braille Chapter VI"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpaindia.org/VIB%20Chapter-VI.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2013-11-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-08-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Braille+Chapter+VI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpaindia.org%2FVIB%2520Chapter-VI.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABharati+Braille" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Sproat" title="Richard Sproat">Richard Sproat</a>, <i>Language, Technology, and Society</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Unesco-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Unesco_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UNESCO (2013) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pharmabraille.com/LiteratureRetrieve.aspx?ID=122064">World Braille Usage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140908010540/http://www.pharmabraille.com/LiteratureRetrieve.aspx?ID=122064">Archived</a> 2014-09-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 3rd edition.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-x-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-x_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-x_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In Urdu and Gurmukhi, <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠭ (braille pattern dots-1346) U+282D" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠭</span> is used for خ/<span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ਖ਼</span></span> <i>x</i>, based on its value in <a href="/wiki/Unified_international_braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Unified international braille">unified international braille</a>. For the equivalent letter in Devanagari, <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">ख़</span></span>, the pointing diacritic can be used.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Hindi" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Hindi">Hindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepali_language" title="Nepali language">Nepali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marathi_language" title="Marathi language">Marathi</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-b_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In Bengali and Oriya, <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠢ (braille pattern dots-26) U+2822" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠢</span> is a consonant y-sound. In the national scripts, the letters are derived from the original <i>y</i>, which had shifted to a j-sound. The Oriya letter, <span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ୟ</span></span>, is transcribed <i>ẏ</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-a_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Assamese-language text"><span lang="as">ৰ</span></span> and <span title="Assamese-language text"><span lang="as">ৱ</span></span> are <a href="/wiki/Assamese_alphabet" title="Assamese alphabet">Assamese</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">These have the same sound value in Oriya.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Unesco (2013) also has <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1077953707"><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) U+2810" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠐</span><span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456) U+283B" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠻</span> for Gurmukhi <span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ੜ੍ਹ</span></span> <i>ṛh</i>, but this is an apparent error; <span title="Punjabi-language text"><span lang="pa">ੜ੍ਹ</span></span> is a sequence <i>ṛ-h,</i> not a letter of the Gurmukhi script.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uu-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uu_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uu_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uu_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In Urdu, <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠟ (braille pattern dots-12345) U+281F" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠟</span> (kṣ) is used for ق <i>q</i>, the value it has in Unified Braille; <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠱ (braille pattern dots-156) U+2831" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠱</span> (jñ) is used for ح <i>ḥ</i>, and <span class="brai_cell" title=" ⠷ (braille pattern dots-12356) U+2837" style="background: #eaecf0;">⠷</span> (ḻ) for ع <i><a href="/wiki/Ayin" title="Ayin">ʿ</a></i>. For Devanagari <span title="Hindi-language text"><span lang="hi">क़</span></span> <i>q</i>, the pointing diacritic can be used.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Unesco (2013), this is the value in Indian Nepali, but in Nepalese Nepali it transcribes <i>tr</i>, and several of the other Sanskrit letters are not used. 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </section></div> <!-- MobileFormatter took 0.028 seconds --><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&oldid=1256109351">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&oldid=1256109351</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Monkbot" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1731050465"> <span>Last edited on 8 November 2024, at 07:21</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2" title="ভারতী ব্রেইল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভারতী ব্রেইল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati-Brailleschrift" title="Bharati-Brailleschrift – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bharati-Brailleschrift" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="भारती ब्रेल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भारती ब्रेल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಭಾರತಿ ಬ್ರೈಲ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭಾರತಿ ಬ್ರೈಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_braille" title="Bharati braille – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bharati braille" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2" title="ਭਾਰਤੀ ਬਰੇਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭਾਰਤੀ ਬਰੇਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%93_%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="භාරතී බ්රේල් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="භාරතී බ්රේල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="பாரதி புடையெழுத்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாரதி புடையெழுத்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; 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