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class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" 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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Point-to-Point Protokol</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 38 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86" title="بروتوكول الربط بين نقطتين - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروتوكول الربط بين نقطتين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP_(protokol)" title="PPP (protokol) - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="PPP (protokol)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%87" title="قرارداد نقطه‌به‌نقطه - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قرارداد نقطه‌به‌نقطه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP_(tiedonsiirtoprotokolla)" title="PPP (tiedonsiirtoprotokolla) - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="PPP (tiedonsiirtoprotokolla)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP" title="PPP - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="PPP" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP" title="PPP - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="PPP" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%90%EB%8C%80%EC%A0%90_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A0%EC%BD%9C" title="점대점 프로토콜 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="점대점 프로토콜" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP" title="PPP - Kürtçe" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="PPP" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Limburgca" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP" title="PPP - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="PPP" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP" title="PPP - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="PPP" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Протокол за директно поврзување на два мрежни јазла - Makedonca" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Протокол за директно поврзување на два мрежни јазла" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Moğolca" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Moğolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP_(%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB)" title="PPP (сетевой протокол) - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="PPP (сетевой протокол)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP" title="PPP - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="PPP" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_od_to%C4%8Dke_do_to%C4%8Dke" title="Protokol od točke do točke - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Protokol od točke do točke" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5" title="พีพีพี - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พีพีพี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP" title="PPP - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="PPP" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP_(giao_th%E1%BB%A9c)" title="PPP (giao thức) - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="PPP (giao thức)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol - Yorubaca" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Point-to-Point Protocol" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yorubaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%B9%E5%AF%B9%E7%82%B9%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="点对点协议 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="点对点协议" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q215179#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protokol" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Madde</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Point-to-Point_Protokol" rel="discussion" title="İçerik ile ilgili tartışma [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tartışma</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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</div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" width="200" align="right"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" align="center"><big><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nternet_ileti%C5%9Fim_kurallar%C4%B1_dizisi" title="İnternet iletişim kuralları dizisi">İnternet iletişim kuralları dizisi</a></b></big><br /><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/OSI_modeli" title="OSI modeli">OSI modeli</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><i><sup>Katman</sup></i> </td> <td><i><sup>İletişim kuralları</sup></i> </td></tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#EDEDFF"> <td><b>7.</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uygulama_tabakas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Uygulama tabakası">Uygulama katmanı</a> </td> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/DNS" title="DNS">DNS</a>, <a href="/wiki/SMTP" title="SMTP">SMTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dosya_aktar%C4%B1m_ileti%C5%9Fim_kural%C4%B1" title="Dosya aktarım iletişim kuralı">FTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/TFTP" title="TFTP">TFTP</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UUCP" class="extiw" title="en:UUCP">UUCP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Network_News_Transfer_Protocol" title="Network News Transfer Protocol">NNTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security" title="Transport Layer Security">SSL</a>, <a href="/wiki/SSH" class="mw-redirect" title="SSH">SSH</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat" title="Internet Relay Chat">IRC</a>, <a href="/wiki/SNMP" title="SNMP">SNMP</a>, <a href="/wiki/SIP" title="SIP">SIP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Real-time Transport Protocol">RTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telnet" title="Telnet">Telnet</a>, ... </td></tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#EDEDFF"> <td><b>6.</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sunum_katman%C4%B1" title="Sunum katmanı">Sunum katmanı</a> </td> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8822" class="extiw" title="en:ISO 8822">ISO 8822</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8823" class="extiw" title="en:ISO 8823">ISO 8823</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8824" class="extiw" title="en:ISO 8824">ISO 8824</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITU-T_T.73" class="extiw" title="en:ITU-T T.73">ITU-T T.73</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abstract_Syntax_Notation_One" title="Abstract Syntax Notation One">ITU-T X.409</a>, ... </td></tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#EDEDFF"> <td><b>5.</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oturum_katman%C4%B1" title="Oturum katmanı">Oturum katmanı</a> </td> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/A%C4%9F_Dosya_Sistemi" title="Ağ Dosya Sistemi">NFS</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMB" class="extiw" title="en:SMB">SMB</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8326" class="extiw" title="en:ISO 8326">ISO 8326</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8327" class="extiw" title="en:ISO 8327">ISO 8327</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITU-T_T.6299" class="extiw" title="en:ITU-T T.6299">ITU-T T.6299</a>, ... </td></tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#F5E5FF"> <td><b>4.</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9F%C4%B1ma_katman%C4%B1" title="Taşıma katmanı">Ulaşım katmanı</a> </td> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/TCP" title="TCP">TCP</a>, <a href="/wiki/UDP" title="UDP">UDP</a>, <a href="/wiki/SCTP" title="SCTP">SCTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Datagram_Congestion_Control_Protocol" title="Datagram Congestion Control Protocol">DCCP</a>, ... </td></tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#F5E5FF"> <td><b>3.</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/A%C4%9F_katman%C4%B1" title="Ağ katmanı">Ağ katmanı</a> </td> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/IP_adresi" title="IP adresi">IP</a>, <a href="/wiki/IPv4" title="IPv4">IPv4</a>, <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol" title="Internet Control Message Protocol">ICMP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adres_%C3%87%C3%B6z%C3%BCmleme_Protokol%C3%BC" title="Adres Çözümleme Protokolü">ARP</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nternet_Grup_Y%C3%B6netim_Protokol%C3%BC" title="İnternet Grup Yönetim Protokolü">İnternet Grup Yönetim Protokolü</a>, <a href="/wiki/IPX" title="IPX">IPX</a>,... </td></tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#F5E5FF"> <td><b>2.</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Veri_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1s%C4%B1_katman%C4%B1" title="Veri bağlantısı katmanı">Veri bağlantısı katmanı</a> </td> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Ethernet_kart%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethernet kartı">Ethernet</a>, <a href="/wiki/HDLC" title="HDLC">HDLC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Token_ring" title="Token ring">Token ring</a>, <a href="/wiki/FDDI" title="FDDI">FDDI</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">PPP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Layer_2_Tunneling_Protocol" title="Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol">L2TP</a>... </td></tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#F5E5FF"> <td><b>1.</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fiziksel_katman" title="Fiziksel katman">Donanım katmanı</a> </td> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/ISDN" title="ISDN">ISDN</a>, <a href="/wiki/RS-232" title="RS-232">RS-232</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIA-422" class="extiw" title="en:EIA-422">EIA-422</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-449" class="extiw" title="en:RS-449">RS-449</a>, <a href="/wiki/EIA-485" title="EIA-485">EIA-485</a>, ... </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:MLPPP_model,_topology_and_encapsulation_-_en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MLPPP_model%2C_topology_and_encapsulation_-_en.png/220px-MLPPP_model%2C_topology_and_encapsulation_-_en.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MLPPP_model%2C_topology_and_encapsulation_-_en.png/330px-MLPPP_model%2C_topology_and_encapsulation_-_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MLPPP_model%2C_topology_and_encapsulation_-_en.png/440px-MLPPP_model%2C_topology_and_encapsulation_-_en.png 2x" data-file-width="1617" data-file-height="910" /></a><figcaption>Çoklu bağlantı point-to-point protokolü (MLPPP)</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Bilgisayar_a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Bilgisayar ağı">Bilgisayar ağlarında</a> <b>Point-to-Point Protokolü</b> (Kısaca <b>PPP</b>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Türkçe">Türkçe</a>: <i>Noktadan noktaya</i>), iki ağ geçidi arasında doğrudan bağlantı kurmaya yarayan veri köprüleme <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0leti%C5%9Fim_protokol%C3%BC" title="İletişim protokolü">protokolüdür</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PPP, bir bilgisayarı <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nternet" title="İnternet">internete</a> bağlamada kullanılan bir yöntemdir. </p><p>PPP iki bilgisayar arasında seri bağlantı/arayüz ile veri bağlantısı için tasarlanmıştır, tipik bir örnek bir PC Telefon Hattı ile bir Server bağlantısıdır. Örnek olarak, Internet Servis sağlayıcınız size bir PPP bağlantı sağlar ve böylece onun <a href="/wiki/Sunucu_(bili%C5%9Fim)" title="Sunucu (bilişim)">sunucusu</a> sizin isteklerinize cevap verir, onları internet ağına gönderir ve oradan gelen cevabı gene internet aracılığıyla size geri getirir. PPP Internet Protocol (IP) unu kullanır (ve diğer protokollara da uyumlu olacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır). Bu yüzden bazen <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a> süitinin protokolu olarak anılır. </p><p>Open System Interconnection (<a href="/wiki/OSI" class="mw-redirect" title="OSI">OSI</a>) referans modelle ilgili olarak, PPP <a href="/wiki/Veri_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1s%C4%B1_katman%C4%B1" title="Veri bağlantısı katmanı">Veri bağlantısı katmanı</a> Layer 2 (data-link layer) servisini sağlar. Esas olarak, sizin PC nizin TCP/IP paketlerini paketleyip onları internet Server'a (paketlerin gerçekten Internet e giriş yaptığı Server) yönlendirir. Bu ağ yapısında paket kaynaktan hedefe giderken birden fazla ara makine üzerinden geçebilir. Bu tarz yapılarda birçok yön vardır. </p><p>PPP farklı fiziksel medya üzerinde, (twisted pair veya optik line ya da uydu iletişimide dahil) kullanmaya uygun full-duplex yani aynı anda çift yönlü (telefon haberleşmesi full-duplex dir) bir protokoldur. Paket encapsulation için High Speed Data Link Control (<a href="/wiki/HDLC" title="HDLC">HDLC</a>) nin varyasyonunu kullanır. </p><p>PPP umumiyetle daha eski Internet standardı olan Serial Line Internet Protocol (<a href="/w/index.php?title=SLIP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SLIP (sayfa mevcut değil)">SLIP</a>) a tercih edilir, zira PPP hem synchronous hem de asynchronous iletişimi destekler. 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