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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ciŏ Nguòng-ciŏng</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有 57 種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%88" title="هونغوو – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هونغوو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%88" title="هونجوو – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هونجوو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ju_Yuan%C3%A7jan" title="Çju Yuançjan – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Çju Yuançjan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D9%88" title="هونقوو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هونقوو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Чжу Юаньчжан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%80%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="ཀྲུའུ་ཡོན་ཀྲང་། – 藏文" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཀྲུའུ་ཡོན་ཀྲང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1_%DA%BE%DB%86%D9%86%DA%AF_%D9%88%D9%88" title="ئیمپراتۆر ھۆنگ وو – 中庫德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپراتۆر ھۆنگ وو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="bō̤-ciéng hō̤ ùng"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chung-wu" title="Chung-wu – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chung-wu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu_Emperor" title="Hongwu Emperor – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hongwu Emperor" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiestro_Hongvuo" title="Imperiestro Hongvuo – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Imperiestro Hongvuo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Yuanzhang" title="Zhu Yuanzhang – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zhu Yuanzhang" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D9%88" title="هونگ‌وو – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هونگ‌وو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 北弗里西亞文" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ACn_Thai-ch%C3%BA" title="Mìn Thai-chú – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mìn Thai-chú" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%95%D7%95,_%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A8_%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9F" title="חונגוו, קיסר סין – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חונגוו, קיסר סין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaisar_Hongwu" title="Kaisar Hongwu – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kaisar Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="朱元璋" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaisar_Hongwu" title="Kaisar Hongwu – 爪哇文" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kaisar Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჯუ იუანჯანი – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯუ იუანჯანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Чжу Юаньчжан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%8D%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="홍무제 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="홍무제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Yuanzhang" title="Zhu Yuanzhang – 庫德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zhu Yuanzhang" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8A%D2%AF" title="Хунъү – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хунъү" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%82" title="हाँग्वू – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हाँग्वू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharaja_Hongwu" title="Maharaja Hongwu – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Maharaja Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D9%88" title="هونگ‌وو – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هونگ‌وو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu-keiseren" title="Hongwu-keiseren – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hongwu-keiseren" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Yuanzhang" title="Zhu Yuanzhang – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Zhu Yuanzhang" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zh%C5%AB_Yu%C3%A1nzh%C4%81ng" title="Zhū Yuánzhāng – 蓋楚瓦文" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Zhū Yuánzhāng" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="蓋楚瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%83" title="Хунъу – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хунъу" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="හොංවු අධිරාජයා – 僧伽羅文" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හොංවු අධිරාජයා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu_Emperor" title="Hongwu Emperor – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hongwu Emperor" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3-%D0%B2%D1%83_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3)" title="Хунг-ву (династија Минг) – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хунг-ву (династија Минг)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu-kejsaren" title="Hongwu-kejsaren – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hongwu-kejsaren" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="கோங்வு பேரரசர் – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோங்வு பேரரசர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88" title="จักรพรรดิหงอู่ – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรพรรดิหงอู่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperador_Hongwu" title="Emperador Hongwu – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Emperador Hongwu" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Yuanzhang" title="Zhu Yuanzhang – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Zhu Yuanzhang" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%87_%D9%8A%DB%88%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%DA%AD" title="جۇ يۈەنجاڭ – 維吾爾文" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="جۇ يۈەنجاڭ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="維吾爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чжу Юаньчжан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%81%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81_%DB%81%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%88" title="شہنشاہ ہونگوو – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شہنشاہ ہونگوو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chju_Yuanchjan" title="Chju Yuanchjan – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Chju Yuanchjan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minh_Th%C3%A1i_T%E1%BB%95" title="Minh Thái Tổ – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Minh Thái Tổ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="朱元璋" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="朱元璋" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96" title="明太祖 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="明太祖" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AAng_Th%C3%A0i-ch%C3%B3%CD%98" title="Bêng Thài-chó͘ – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bêng Thài-chó͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋 – 粵語" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="朱元璋" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粵語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9957#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Siŭ-gāi gì-tă ngṳ̄-ngiòng gì lièng-giék" class="wbc-editpage">Siŭ-gāi lièng-giék</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng" title="看內容頁[c]" accesskey="c"><span>頁</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96:Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="有關頁面內容的討論（無彼頁）[t]" accesskey="t"><span>討論</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="變更語言變體" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gă-sĭ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gă-sĭ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">家私</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多選項" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng"><span>讀</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng&veaction=edit" title="編輯此頁面[v]" accesskey="v"><span>編輯</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng&action=edit" title="編輯此頁面的原始碼[e]" accesskey="e"><span>Gāi nguòng-mā</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng&action=history"><span>看歷史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 一般 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E7%94%9A%E4%B9%87%E9%8F%88%E9%81%98%E5%9A%BD%E5%A1%8A/Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng" title="列出所有連結此頁面的頁面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>Diē-nē̤ lièng gáu cē̤-nē̤</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%94%B9%E8%AE%8A%E5%85%B6%E9%8F%88%E6%8E%A5/Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng" rel="nofollow" title="此頁面連結至其他頁面的近期變更[k]" accesskey="k"><span>Ô-găng-guó gì gāi-biéng</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng&action=show-download-screen"><span>Hâ-cāi siàng PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ci%C5%8F_Ngu%C3%B2ng-ci%C5%8Fng&printable=yes" title="此頁面的可列印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>印刷版本</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ciā-muói gĕ̤ng-tiàng </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9957" title="連結至已連接的資料儲存庫項目[g]" 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href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6:Hongwu1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Hongwu1.jpg/200px-Hongwu1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Hongwu1.jpg/300px-Hongwu1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Hongwu1.jpg/400px-Hongwu1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="609" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Ciŏ Nguòng-ciŏng</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ciŏ Nguòng-ciŏng</b> (<a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1ng-c%C3%AA" title="Háng-cê">Háng-cê</a>: 朱元璋, 1328 n. 10 ng. 21 h. - 1398 n. 6 ng. 24 h.), iâ hô̤ lā̤ <b>Mìng Tái-cū</b> (明太祖), <b>Hùng-ū huòng-dá̤</b> (洪武皇帝), sê <a href="/wiki/M%C3%ACng-di%C3%A8u" title="Mìng-dièu">Mìng-dièu</a> (明朝) gì kăi-guók <a href="/wiki/Hu%C3%B2ng-d%C3%A1%CC%A4" title="Huòng-dá̤">huòng-dá̤</a> (開國皇帝). 1368 nièng gáu 1398 nièng câi-ôi (在位). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ngu%C3%B2ng-di%C3%A8u" title="Nguòng-dièu">Hù-nguòng</a> (胡元) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ti%C4%95ng-l%C4%ADk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiĕng-lĭk（無彼頁）">Tiĕng-lĭk</a> (天曆) 10 nièng, găh gĭng-dáng gì <a href="/wiki/%C4%82ng-h%C5%ADi" title="Ăng-hŭi">Ăng-hŭi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B4ng-i%C3%B2ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hông-iòng（無彼頁）">Hông-iòng</a> (鳳陽) chók-sĕng. Ĭ sá̤ gì sèng-hâiu chió iā bék, gă-hiŏng (家鄉) iâ sèu có̤-cǎi (做災). 1344 nièng có̤-âng (做旱), ĭ gì bâ-nā̤ dŭ ngô̤ sī kó̤, chió-lā̤-nè̤ng dŭ sī táh kó̤. Ĭ mò̤ nó̤h siăh, bié Huòng-gáuk-sê (皇覺寺) kó̤ có̤ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hu%C3%B2-su%C3%B4ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huò-suông（無彼頁）">huò-suông</a> (和尚). 1352 nièng, tiăng-gōng <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gu%C3%B3h_C%E1%B9%B3%CC%84-h%C4%ADng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guóh Cṳ̄-hĭng（無彼頁）">Guóh Cṳ̄-hĭng</a> (郭子興) cô̤-huāng (造反), cêu bié guó kó̤ chăng-gŭng (參軍), gáu-muōi-lāu ĭng-ôi nè̤ng lùng-uăk, có̤ lāu Guóh Cṳ̄-hĭng gì <a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%A8-s%C3%A1i" title="Niè-sái">niè-sái</a>. Guóh Cṳ̄-hĭng sī kó̤ ī-hâiu, ĭ ciŏng <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%ACng_I%C5%AB-li%C3%B4ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dìng Iū-liông（無彼頁）">Dìng Iū-liông</a> (陳友諒), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8Fng_S%C3%AA%CC%A4%E1%B9%B3-s%C3%ACng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diŏng Sê̤ṳ-sìng（無彼頁）">Diŏng Sê̤ṳ-sìng</a> (張士誠) gáuk-nè̤ng dŭ miĕk lâi. 1368 nièng, bô ciŏng <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ngu%C3%B2ng_S%C3%B4ng-d%C3%A1%CC%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguòng Sông-dá̤（無彼頁）">Hù-nguòng gì huòng-dá̤</a> dṳ̆k-kó̤ <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C5%8Fk-b%C3%A1e%CC%A4k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mŏk-báe̤k（無彼頁）">Mŏk-báe̤k</a> (漠北), cê-gă có̤ huòng-dá̤, diâng siū-dŭ Éng-tiĕng (應天, gĭng-dáng gì <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A0ng-g%C4%ADng" title="Nàng-gĭng">Nàng-gĭng</a>), guók-hô̤ (國號) hô̤ lā̤ „Dâi-Mìng (大明)“, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ni%C3%A8ng-h%C3%B4%CC%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nièng-hô̤（無彼頁）">nièng-hô̤</a> (年號) hô̤ lā̤ „Hùng-ū(洪武)“. </p><p>Ĭ sê siŏh ciáh iā ngièng gì huòng-dá̤. Ĭ giĕ-dêng: <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C4%83ng-%C5%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tăng-ŭ（無彼頁）">tăng-ŭ</a> (貪污) 60 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C5%8Dng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liōng（無彼頁）">liōng</a> (兩) cêu diŏh niăh lā̤ <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A0i-t%C3%A0u" title="Tài-tàu">tài-tàu</a> (刣頭). 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