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cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-viewsource"> View source </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Aisha_(given_name)" title="Aisha (given name)">Aisha (given name)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aisha_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Aisha (disambiguation)">Aisha (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style>Aisha bint Abi Bakr<a href="#cite_note-8">[a]</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 614 CE – July 678) was a seventh century <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> commander,<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> politician,<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhaddith" title="Muhaddith">muhadditha</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> and the third and youngest wife of the <a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Islamic prophet</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2004a-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg19943-13">[12]</a> <table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Aisha <a href="/wiki/Muhammad%27s_wives" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad's wives">Mother of the Believers</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%;">عائشة</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 614 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Pre-Islamic Arabia">Arabia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> July 678 (aged 63–65) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Al-Baqi_Cemetery" title="Al-Baqi Cemetery">Al-Baqi Cemetery</a>, Medina</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Scholar, orator, politician, military commander</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> (<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 620; died 632)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> (father) <a href="/wiki/Umm_Ruman" title="Umm Ruman">Umm Ruman</a> (mother)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Family</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Taym" title="Banu Taym">Banu Taym</a> (by birth)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Ahl al-Bayt</a> (by marriage, disputed)<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg1994157-1">[1]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Aisha had an important role in early Islamic history, both during Muhammad's life and after his death. In <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni</a> tradition, Aisha is portrayed as scholarly, intelligent and inquisitive. She contributed to the spread of Muhammad's message and served the <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslim</a> community for 44 years after his death.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAleem2007130-14">[13]</a> Aisha narrated 2,210 <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadiths</a> throughout her life,<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> not just on matters related to Muhammad's private life, but also on topics such as <a href="/wiki/Islamic_inheritance" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic inheritance">inheritance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">pilgrimage</a>, prayer, and <a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">eschatology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESayeed201327%E2%80%9329-16">[15]</a> Her intellect and knowledge in various subjects, including poetry and medicine, were highly praised by early scholars and luminaries such as <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri">al-Zuhri</a> and her student <a href="/wiki/Urwa_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="Urwa ibn al-Zubayr">Urwa ibn al-Zubayr</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESayeed201327%E2%80%9329-16">[15]</a> Her father, <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 632–634), became the first <a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">caliph</a> to succeed Muhammad, and after two years was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Umar" title="Umar">Umar</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 634–644). Aisha played a leading role in opposing some policies of the third caliph <a href="/wiki/Uthman" title="Uthman">Uthman</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 644–656), though she also opposed those responsible for his assassination.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt1960-17">[16]</a> She refused to recognize Uthman's successor <a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 656–661) and joined <a href="/wiki/Al-Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talha_ibn_Ubayd_Allah" title="Talha ibn Ubayd Allah">Talha ibn Ubayd Allah</a>. She was defeated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Camel" title="Battle of the Camel">Battle of the Camel</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a>, after which she retired in Medina, became reconciled to Ali and did not oppose caliph <a href="/wiki/Mu%27awiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu'awiya">Mu'awiya</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 661–680).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt1960-17">[16]</a> She participated in the Battle of the Camel by giving speeches and leading troops on the back of her camel.&#91;[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2022)">page&nbsp;needed]]&#93;_7-1' class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott1942%5B%5BCategory:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2022%5D%5D<sup_class=%22noprint_Inline-Template_%22_style=%22white-space:nowrap;%22>&#91;%5B%5BWikipedia:Citing_sources%7C<span_title=%22This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2022)%22>page&nbsp;needed%5D%5D&#93;-7">[7]</a> Because of her involvement in this battle, <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia Muslims</a> have a generally <a href="/wiki/Shia_view_of_Aisha" title="Shia view of Aisha">negative view of Aisha</a> despite her subsequent reconciliation with Ali. In <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a>, Aisha is viewed as a leading <a href="/wiki/Islamic_scholar" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic scholar">Islamic scholar</a> and a teacher of several <a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">companions</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tabi%27in" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabi'in">tabi'in</a>. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_life">1 Early life</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Marriage_and_Consummation">1.1 Marriage and Consummation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Personal_life">2 Personal life</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Relationship_with_Muhammad">2.1 Relationship with Muhammad</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#The_Necklace_Incident">2.2 The Necklace Incident</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Death_of_Muhammad">2.3 Death of Muhammad</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Political_career">3 Political career</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Role_during_caliphate">3.1 Role during caliphate</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#Role_during_first_and_second_caliphates">3.1.1 Role during first and second caliphates</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#First_Fitna">3.2 First Fitna</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Contributions_to_Islam_and_influence">3.3 Contributions to Islam and influence</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Political_influence">3.4 Political influence</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Death">4 Death</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#See_also">5 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#References">6 References</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Notes">6.1 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Citations">6.2 Citations</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Sources">6.3 Sources</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Further_reading">7 Further reading</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> Aisha was born in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 614.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott19421-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> She was the daughter of Abu Bakr and <a href="/wiki/Umm_Ruman" title="Umm Ruman">Umm Ruman</a>, two of Muhammad's most trusted <a href="/wiki/Sahabah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahabah">companions</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2004a-12">[11]</a> No sources offer much more information about Aisha's childhood years.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt1961102-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott19427-21">[20]</a> Some classical sources converge on Aisha being six or seven years old at the time of her marriage, which followed a failed engagement with another man, and nine at the <a href="/wiki/Consummation" title="Consummation">consummation</a>. The age has been contested, however, and is a source of disagreement.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199639%E2%80%9340-22">[21]</a> Many ages between 8 and 19 years of age at consummation have been proposed with varying amounts of evidence. Shi'a scholars have historically accepted older estimates than Sunni scholars, though both vary wildly. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriage_and_Consummation">Marriage and Consummation</h3></div> Before her engagement to Muhammad, Aisha was engaged to <a href="/wiki/Mu%E1%B9%AD%CA%BDim_ibn_%CA%BDAdi" title="Muṭʽim ibn ʽAdi">Mutʿim ibn ʿAdi</a>'s son <a href="/wiki/Jubayr_ibn_Mut%27im" class="mw-redirect" title="Jubayr ibn Mut'im">Jubayr ibn Mut'im</a>, an early opponent of Islam, at the age of five following the custom of early marriage in sixth-century Arabia. The engagement failed due to concerns from Aisha's family.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukhari" title="Sahih al-Bukhari">Sahih al-Bukhari</a>, Aisha was then engaged to Muhammad a year later at six years of age.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199439-24">[23]</a> Some Islamic sources of the classical era list Aisha's age as six at the time of engagement and nine or ten at its consummation; other scholars contest this age<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> due to inconsistencies in narrations surrounding her youth.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> Muhammad said that he had twice seen Aisha in his dreams, being carried in a silk cloth by an angel who told him that she would be his wife. He later concluded that if the dreams were from God, they would come true.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeaman200522-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeil2021144-29">[28]</a> Following the death of his first wife, <a href="/wiki/Khadija_bint_Khuwaylid" title="Khadija bint Khuwaylid">Khadija bint Khuwaylid</a>, his aunt <a href="/wiki/Khawlah_bint_Hakim" title="Khawlah bint Hakim">Khawlah bint Hakim</a> suggested that he marry Aisha.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamadi202172-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott19423-31">[30]</a> Aisha's father <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> was unsure at first about marrying his daughter to Muhammad as he thought they were brothers. Muhammad clarified that they were merely brothers in religion, and it was legal for him to marry Aisha.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamadi202173-32">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott19423-31">[30]</a> Aisha's engagement to Jubayr was then annulled.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETurner200352-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott19423-31">[30]</a> Orientalist <a href="/wiki/W._Montgomery_Watt" title="W. Montgomery Watt">W. Montgomery Watt</a> suggests that Muhammad hoped to strengthen his ties with Abu Bakr<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt1960-17">[16]</a> as the strengthening of ties commonly served as a basis for marriage in Arabian culture.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESonbol20033%E2%80%939-34">[33]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d" title="Ibn Sa'd">Ibn Sa'd</a>'s biography holds her age at the time of marriage as between six and seven, and gives her age at consummation to be nine. However, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hisham" title="Ibn Hisham">Ibn Hisham</a>'s biography of Muhammad suggests she may have been ten years old at consummation.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199440-35">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Tabari" title="Al-Tabari">Al-Tabari</a> notes Aisha to have stayed with her parents after the marriage and consummated the relationship at nine years of age since she was young and sexually immature at the time of marriage; however, elsewhere Tabari appears to suggest that she was born during the <a href="/wiki/Jahiliyyah" title="Jahiliyyah">Jahiliyyah</a> (before 610 CE), which would translate to an age of about twelve or more at marriage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg1994197-198_(Note_4)-36">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014189-190-37">[36]</a> All extant hadiths agree that Aisha was married to Muhammad in Mecca, but the marriage was consummated only in the month of <a href="/wiki/Shawwal" title="Shawwal">Shawwal</a> after his <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">hijrah</a> to Medina (April 623).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBahramian2015-38">[37]</a> Some classical sources have Aisha speak of the marriage to have been executed in Medina itself without reference to any delay.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBahramian2015-38">[37]</a> In Islamic literature, the young age of her marriage did not draw any significant discourse; nonetheless, Spellberg and Ali find the very mention of her age to be atypical of early Muslim biographers, and hypothesize a connotation to her religious purity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199440-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014157-158-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[b]</a> Her age did not interest later Muslim scholars either, and went unremarked-upon even by medieval and early-modern Christian polemicists.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014158-41">[39]</a> Early <a href="/wiki/Orientalism" title="Orientalism">Orientalist</a> writers, even in their condescending approach towards Muhammad and Islam, were primarily concerned with Muhammad's embrace of polygamy and the ethics of marrying for political causes;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014158-159,_161-162-42">[40]</a> the few who discussed Aisha's age chose to explain the age-gap by citing the contemporary understanding of the Orient as a hot place, that promulgated sexually deviant practices.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014164-165-43">[41]</a> Beginning in the late nineteenth century, with the East and its alleged immoralities subject to increasing opprobrium,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014172-44">[42]</a> the colonizing powers sought to regulate the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">age of consent</a>. As such efforts ran into conflicts with local forms of <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a>, Aisha's age at marriage — and the involved Prophetic precedent — became the predominant explanation in explaining "the backwardness of Muslim societies and their reticence to reforms."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014167-168,_170-171-45">[43]</a> In response, some Muslims<a href="#cite_note-46">[c]</a> re-evaluated her age, though conservatives rejected such readings since they conflicted with traditional <a href="/wiki/Hadith_studies" title="Hadith studies">ʻilm al-ḥadīth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2014-47">[44]</a> Criticism of Aisha's age, which was standard for marriages in sixth-century Arabia,<a href="#cite_note-48">[45]</a> has prompted many<a href="#cite_note-50">[d]</a> modern Muslim scholars to contextualize the traditionally accepted age of Aisha with renewed vigor emphasizing cultural relativism, anachronism, the political dimensions of the marriage, Aisha's non-ordinary physique etc.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014173,_175-178-51">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[e]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014187,_190-191-54">[49]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relationship_with_Muhammad">Relationship with Muhammad</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mohammed_and_his_wife_Aisha_freeing_the_daughter_of_a_tribal_chief._From_the_Siyer-i_Nebi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Mohammed_and_his_wife_Aisha_freeing_the_daughter_of_a_tribal_chief._From_the_Siyer-i_Nebi.jpg/250px-Mohammed_and_his_wife_Aisha_freeing_the_daughter_of_a_tribal_chief._From_the_Siyer-i_Nebi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="365" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="369" data-file-height="612"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 365px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Mohammed_and_his_wife_Aisha_freeing_the_daughter_of_a_tribal_chief._From_the_Siyer-i_Nebi.jpg/250px-Mohammed_and_his_wife_Aisha_freeing_the_daughter_of_a_tribal_chief._From_the_Siyer-i_Nebi.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="365" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Mohammed_and_his_wife_Aisha_freeing_the_daughter_of_a_tribal_chief._From_the_Siyer-i_Nebi.jpg/330px-Mohammed_and_his_wife_Aisha_freeing_the_daughter_of_a_tribal_chief._From_the_Siyer-i_Nebi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Mohammed_and_his_wife_Aisha_freeing_the_daughter_of_a_tribal_chief._From_the_Siyer-i_Nebi.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Muhammad and Aisha freeing the daughter of a tribal chief</figcaption></figure> In most <a href="/wiki/Islamic_culture" title="Islamic culture">Muslim traditions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khadija_bint_Khuwaylid" title="Khadija bint Khuwaylid">Khadija bint Khuwaylid</a> is described as Muhammad's most beloved and favored wife; Sunni tradition places Aisha as second only to Khadija.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199251-55">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoded199436-56">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoded200823-57">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoseph2007227-58">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcAuliffe200155-59">[54]</a> There are several hadiths, or stories or sayings of Muhammad, that support this belief. One relates that when a companion asked Muhammad, "who is the person you love most in the world?" he responded, "Aisha."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMernissi198865-60">[55]</a> Others relate that Muhammad built Aisha's apartment so that her door opened directly into the mosque,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMernissi1988107-61">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott194225-62">[57]</a> and that she was the only woman with whom Muhammad received revelations.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoded199428-63">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott194246-64">[59]</a> They bathed in the same water, and he prayed while she lay stretched out in front of him.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaikh200333-65">[60]</a> Various traditions reveal the mutual affection between Muhammad and Aisha. He would often just sit and watch her and her friends play with dolls, and on occasion, he would even join them.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott19428-66">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELings1983133%E2%80%93134-67">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaykal1976183%E2%80%93184-68">[63]</a> "Aisha must have felt reasonably equal to and unawed by this prophet of God, for his announcement of a revelation permitting him to enter into marriages disallowed other men drew from her the retort, 'It seems to me your Lord hastens to satisfy your desire!'"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199251%E2%80%9352-69">[64]</a> Furthermore, Muhammad and Aisha had a strong intellectual relationship.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMernissi1988104-70">[65]</a> Muhammad valued her keen memory and intelligence and so instructed his companions to draw some of their religious practices from her.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMernissi198878-71">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERamadan2007121-72">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Necklace_Incident">The Necklace Incident</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Necklace_Incident" title="The Necklace Incident">The Necklace Incident</a></div> When <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> and his followers carried out a raid on the <a href="/wiki/Banu_Mustaliq" title="Banu Mustaliq">Banu Mustaliq</a> tribe, he brought along Aisha, who was 13 years old at the time. She was carried in a closed <a href="/wiki/Howdah" title="Howdah">litter</a> on the back of a camel. Aisha recounted that when the raiding party was resting at night on the way home to <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> from the successful operation, she went out to relieve herself. After doing so and returning to her litter, she realized that her necklace was missing, so she traced her way back to look for it. By the time she found it, the convoy had already left, thinking she was in the litter. Assuming that they would notice her absence and return to look for her, Aisha decided to stay where she was.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021199%E2%80%93200-73">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodgers201266-74">[69]</a> Aisha related that <a href="/wiki/Safwan_ibn_Muattal" title="Safwan ibn Muattal">Safwan ibn Muattal</a>, a young Muslim from the raiding party, had lagged behind for some reason. On his solo return journey to Medina, he came across Aisha sleeping on the ground by herself.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021200%E2%80%931-75">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Bukhari1997232vol._6,_no._4750-76">[71]</a> He addressed her, let her ride on his camel while he guided it, and escorted her home to Medina. It was not until the morning that Muhammad's convoy realized that Aisha was not in her litter.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021200%E2%80%931-75">[70]</a> And later, when they were taking a break from the hot midday sun, Aisha and Safwan ran into them.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001264-77">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Bukhari1997232vol._6,_no._4750-76">[71]</a> A rumor accusing Aisha of committing adultery with Safwan was spread by Abdullah Ibn Ubayy Ibn Salool.<a href="#cite_note-78">[73]</a> Moreover, it was said that she had conversed with him several times before. This rumor of adultery, if true, could have led to Aisha being <a href="/wiki/Stoned_to_death" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoned to death">stoned to death</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021200%E2%80%931-75">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodgers201267-79">[74]</a> Upon their arrival in Medina, Aisha fell ill and sensed that Muhammad was uncharacteristically cold toward her. She only learned of the rumor some three weeks later when Umm Mistah told her on their way back from defecating in an open field at night, as was customary for Muslim women at that time. Aisha subsequently went to her mother, asking what the people were talking about, and she replied, "Daughter, be at peace, for I swear by God that no beautiful woman is married to a man who has other wives, but that these other wives would find fault with her." So Aisha cried all night long.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021201%E2%80%932-80">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200687-81">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Bukhari1997232vol._6,_no._4750-76">[71]</a> Muhammad, despite his fondness for Aisha, was unsure of her innocence. He asked <a href="/wiki/Usama_ibn_Zayd" title="Usama ibn Zayd">Usama ibn Zayd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali</a> for their opinions. Usama vouched for Aisha's innocence,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021201%E2%80%932-80">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEForward199790-82">[77]</a> but Ali said, "Women abound; you can easily find a substitute. Ask her slave; she might reveal the truth."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199470-83">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265-84">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200688-85">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEForward199790-82">[77]</a> When the slave girl arrived, Ali beat her severely and said, "Mind you tell the apostle the truth."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265-84">[79]</a> But her answer was that she knew only good things about Aisha, with the single exception that when Aisha was entrusted with watching over a dough, she dozed off and allowed a sheep to eat it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200688-85">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265-84">[79]</a> Muhammad later visited Aisha at her parents' house and advised her to confess if she had sinned, as God was merciful towards those who seek repentance.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021202%E2%80%933-86">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265-84">[79]</a> It had been more than a month since Aisha had returned alone with Safwan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Bukhari1997285vol._5,_no._4141-87">[82]</a> Despite Muhammad's advice, Aisha refused to apologize as it would indicate guilt. She told Muhammad that she could find no better parallel for her current situation than that of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam" title="Joseph in Islam">Joseph</a>'s father, who had endured disbelief despite telling the truth and had no other choice but to remain patient. Shortly thereafter, Muhammad experienced a trance and received verses (Quran 24:11–15) that confirmed Aisha's innocence.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021202%E2%80%933-86">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265-84">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200689%E2%80%9390-88">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_of_Muhammad">Death of Muhammad</h3></div> Aisha remained Muhammad's favorite wife throughout his life. When he became ill and suspected that he was probably going to die, he began to ask his wives whose apartment he was to stay in next. They eventually figured out that he was trying to determine when he was due with Aisha, and they then allowed him to retire there. He remained in Aisha's apartment until his death, and his last breath was taken as he lay in Aisha's arms.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199258-89">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott194269-90">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELings1983339-91">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaykal1976502%E2%80%93503-92">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbn_Ishaq1955679_&_682-93">[88]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2></div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> Aisha's importance to revitalizing the Arab tradition and leadership among the Arab women highlights her magnitude within Islam.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElsadda2001-94">[89]</a> Aisha became involved in the politics of early Islam and the first three caliphate reigns: Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, and ‘Uthman. During a time in Islam when women were not expected or wanted to contribute outside the household, Aisha delivered public speeches, became directly involved in a war and even battles, and helped both men and women to understand the practices of Muhammad.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199251-55">[50]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">additional citation(s) needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_during_caliphate">Role during caliphate</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Role_during_first_and_second_caliphates">Role during first and second caliphates</h4></div> After Muhammad's death in 632, Abu Bakr was appointed as the first caliph. This matter of succession to Muhammad is extremely controversial to the <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a> who believe that Ali had been appointed by Muhammad to lead while Sunni maintain that the public elected Abu Bakr.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAghaie2005-95">[90]</a> Abu Bakr had two advantages in achieving his new role: his long personal friendship with Muhammad and his role as a father-in-law. As caliph, Abu Bakr was the first to set guidelines for the new position of authority.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg19944%E2%80%935-96">[91]</a> Aisha garnered more special privileges in the Islamic community for being known as both a wife of Muhammad and the daughter of the first caliph. Being the daughter of Abu Bakr tied Aisha to honorable titles earned from her father's strong dedication to Islam. For example, she was given the title of al-siddiqa bint al-Siddiq, meaning 'the truthful woman, daughter of the truthful man',<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199434%E2%80%9340-97">[92]</a> a reference to Abu Bakr's support of the <a href="/wiki/Isra_and_Mi%27raj" class="mw-redirect" title="Isra and Mi'raj">Isra and Mi'raj</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199433-98">[93]</a> In 634 Abu Bakr fell sick and was unable to recover. Before his death, he appointed ‘Umar, one of his chief advisers, as the second caliph.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199434%E2%80%9340-97">[92]</a> Throughout ‘Umar's time in power Aisha continued to play the role of a consultant in political matters.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199434%E2%80%9340-97">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_Fitna">First Fitna</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Camel" title="Battle of the Camel">Battle of the Camel</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Fitna_map_blank.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/First_Fitna_map_blank.svg/350px-First_Fitna_map_blank.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="178" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 350px;height: 178px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/First_Fitna_map_blank.svg/350px-First_Fitna_map_blank.svg.png" data-width="350" data-height="178" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/First_Fitna_map_blank.svg/525px-First_Fitna_map_blank.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/First_Fitna_map_blank.svg/700px-First_Fitna_map_blank.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Domains of <a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Rashidun Caliphate</a> under <a href="/wiki/Rashidun" title="Rashidun">four caliphs</a>. The divided phase relates to the Rashidun Caliphate of <a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"> Strongholds of the Rashidun Caliphate of Ali during the <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> Region under the control of <a href="/wiki/Muawiyah_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Muawiyah I">Muawiyah I</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> Region under the control of <a href="/wiki/Amr_ibn_al-As" title="Amr ibn al-As">Amr ibn al-As</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a></div></figcaption></figure> In 656, Uthman's house was put under siege by about 1000 rebels. Eventually the rebels broke into the house and murdered Uthman, provoking the <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a>.<a href="#cite_note-99">[94]</a> After killing Uthman, the rebels asked Ali to be the new caliph, although Ali was not involved in the murder of Uthman according to many reports.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolt197767%E2%80%9368-100">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997107_&_111-101">[96]</a> Ali reportedly initially refused the <a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">caliphate</a>, agreeing to rule only after his followers persisted. When Ali could not execute those merely accused of Uthman's murder, Aisha delivered a fiery speech against him for not avenging the death of Uthman. The first to respond to Aisha were Abdullah ibn Aamar al-Hadhrami, the governor of Mecca during the reign of Uthman, and prominent members of the <a href="/wiki/Banu_Umayya" class="mw-redirect" title="Banu Umayya">Banu Umayya</a>. Aisha, along with an army including <a href="/wiki/Al-Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talha_ibn_Ubayd_Allah" title="Talha ibn Ubayd Allah">Talha ibn Ubayd Allah</a>, confronted Ali's army, demanding the prosecution of Uthman's killers who had mingled with his army outside the city of <a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a>. When her forces captured Basra she ordered the execution of 600 Muslims and 40 others, including Hakim ibn Jabala, who were put to death in the Grand Mosque of Basra.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIshaq1955-102">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERazwy2001-103">[98]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad%27s_widow,_Aisha,_battling_the_fourth_caliph_Ali_in_the_Battle_of_the_Camel_(rotated).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Muhammad%27s_widow%2C_Aisha%2C_battling_the_fourth_caliph_Ali_in_the_Battle_of_the_Camel_%28rotated%29.jpg/250px-Muhammad%27s_widow%2C_Aisha%2C_battling_the_fourth_caliph_Ali_in_the_Battle_of_the_Camel_%28rotated%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="344"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Muhammad%27s_widow%2C_Aisha%2C_battling_the_fourth_caliph_Ali_in_the_Battle_of_the_Camel_%28rotated%29.jpg/250px-Muhammad%27s_widow%2C_Aisha%2C_battling_the_fourth_caliph_Ali_in_the_Battle_of_the_Camel_%28rotated%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Muhammad%27s_widow%2C_Aisha%2C_battling_the_fourth_caliph_Ali_in_the_Battle_of_the_Camel_%28rotated%29.jpg 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Aisha battling the fourth caliph Ali in the Battle of the Camel</figcaption></figure> Ali rallied supporters and fought Aisha's forces near Basra in 656. The battle is known as the Battle of the Camel, after the fact that Aisha directed her forces from a <a href="/wiki/Howdah" title="Howdah">howdah</a> on the back of a large camel. Aisha's forces were defeated and an estimated 10,000 Muslims were killed in the battle,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb1963320-104">[99]</a> considered the first engagement where Muslims fought Muslims.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodwin1994-105">[100]</a> After 110 days of the conflict, Ali met Aisha with reconciliation. He sent her back to Medina under military escort headed by her brother <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Abi_Bakr" title="Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr">Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr</a>, one of Ali's commanders. She subsequently retired to Medina with no more interference with the affairs of the state. She was also awarded a pension by Ali.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuir1892261-106">[101]</a> Although she retired to Medina, her forsaken efforts against the Rashidun Caliphate of Ali did not end the First Fitna.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlack199434-107">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contributions_to_Islam_and_influence">Contributions to Islam and influence</h3></div> After 25 years of a monogamous relationship with his first wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Muhammad participated in nine years of <a href="/wiki/Polygyny" title="Polygyny">polygyny</a>, marrying at least nine further wives. Muhammad's subsequent marriages were depicted purely as political matches rather than unions of sexual indulgence. In particular, Muhammad's unions with Aisha and Hafsa bint Umar associated him with two of the most significant leaders of the early Muslim community, Aisha's father, Abu Bakr, and Hafsa's father, ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAslan200558%E2%80%93136-108">[103]</a> Aisha's marriage has given her significance among many within Islamic culture, becoming known as the most learned woman of her time. Being Muhammad's favorite wife after the late Khadija, Aisha occupied an important position in his life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElsadda2001-94">[89]</a> When Muhammad married Aisha in her youth, she was accessible "...to the values needed to lead and influence the sisterhood of Muslim women."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnwar2005-109">[104]</a> After the death of Muhammad, Aisha was discovered to be a renowned source of hadiths, due to her qualities of intelligence and memory.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElsadda2001-94">[89]</a> Aisha conveyed ideas expressing Muhammad's practice (sunnah). She expressed herself as a role model to women, which can also be seen within some traditions attributed to her. The traditions regarding Aisha habitually opposed ideas unfavorable to women in efforts to elicit social change.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeissinger201137%E2%80%9349-110">[105]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Reza_Aslan" title="Reza Aslan">Reza Aslan</a>:<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAslan2005136-111">[106]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">The so-called Muslim women's movement is predicated on the idea that Muslim men, not Islam, have been responsible for the suppression of women's rights. For this reason, Muslim feminists throughout the world are advocating a return to the society Muhammad originally envisioned for his followers. Despite differences in culture, nationalities, and beliefs, these women believe that the lesson to be learned from Muhammad in Medina is that Islam is above all an egalitarian religion. Their Medina is a society in which Muhammad designated women like Umm Waraqa as spiritual guides for the Ummah; in which the Prophet himself was sometimes publicly rebuked by his wives; in which women prayed and fought alongside the men; in which women like Aisha and Umm Salamah acted not only as religious but also as political—and on at least one occasion military—leaders; and in which the call to gather for prayer, bellowed from the rooftop of Muhammad's house, brought men and women together to kneel side by side and be blessed as a single undivided community.</blockquote> Her intellectual contributions regarding the verbal texts of Islam were in time transcribed into written form, becoming the official history of Islam.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199247%E2%80%9375-112">[107]</a> After the death of Muhammad, Aisha was regarded as the most reliable source in the teachings of hadith.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnwar2005-109">[104]</a> Aisha's authentication of Muhammad's ways of prayer and his recitation of the Qur'an allowed for the development of knowledge of his sunnah of praying and reading verses of the Quran.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199251-55">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_influence">Political influence</h3></div> Spellberg argues that Aisha's political influence helped promote her father, Abu Bakr, to the caliphate after Muhammad's death.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg19943-13">[12]</a> After the defeat at the Battle of the Camel, Aisha retreated to Medina and became a teacher.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg19943-13">[12]</a> Upon her arrival in Medina, Aisha retired from her public role in politics. Her discontinuation of public politics did not stop her political influence completely. Privately, Aisha continued influencing those intertwined in the Islamic political sphere. Among the Islamic community, she was known as an intelligent woman who debated law with male companions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeissinger201142-113">[108]</a> Aisha was also considered to be the embodiment of proper rituals while partaking in the <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">pilgrimage to Mecca</a>, a journey she made with several groups of women. For the last two years of her life, Aisha spent much of her time telling the stories of Muhammad, hoping to correct false passages that had become influential in formulating Islamic law. Due to this, Aisha's political influence continues to impact Muslims.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg19943-13">[12]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2></div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> Aisha died at her home in Medina on 17 <a href="/wiki/Ramadan_(calendar_month)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramadan (calendar month)">Ramadan</a> 58 AH (16 July 678).<a href="#cite_note-115">[f]</a> She was 67 years old.<a href="#cite_note-116">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Hurayra" title="Abu Hurayra">Abu Hurayra</a> led her funeral prayer after the <a href="/wiki/Tahajjud" title="Tahajjud">tahajjud</a> (night) prayer, and she was buried at <a href="/wiki/Al-Baqi_Cemetery" title="Al-Baqi Cemetery">al-Baqi cemetery</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbn_Kathir97-117">[111]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 28px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="28" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/60px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 28px;height: 28px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="28" data-height="28" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_related_to_Quranic_verses" title="List of people related to Quranic verses">List of people related to Quranic verses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad%27s_wives" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad's wives">Muhammad's wives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jewel_of_Medina" title="The Jewel of Medina">The Jewel of Medina</a> (fictional work based loosely on Aisha's existence)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_marriage" title="Child marriage">Child marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_view_of_Aisha" title="Shia view of Aisha">Shia view of Aisha</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈɑːiːʃɑː/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">AH-ee-shah</a>,<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a> also <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/-ʃə, aɪˈiːʃə/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">-⁠shə, eye-EE-shə</a>;<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: عائشة بنت أبي بكر, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: ʿĀʾisha bint Abī Bakr, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991">pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[ˈʕaːʔiʃa]</a>. Like other wives of Muhammad, her name is sometimes prefixed by the honorific "Mother of the Believers" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized: ʾumm al-<a href="/wiki/Mu%27min" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu'min">muʾminīn</a>).<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrockelmann1947-6">[6]</a>&#91;[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2022)">page&nbsp;needed]]&#93;_7-0' class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott1942%5B%5BCategory:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2022%5D%5D<sup_class=%22noprint_Inline-Template_%22_style=%22white-space:nowrap;%22>&#91;%5B%5BWikipedia:Citing_sources%7C<span_title=%22This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2022)%22>page&nbsp;needed%5D%5D&#93;-7">[7]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Ibn Sa'd notes Aisha to have boasted of her being the only virgin-wife before Muhammad himself.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199439-24">[23]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Abbas_Mahmoud_al-Aqqad" title="Abbas Mahmoud al-Aqqad">Abbas Mahmoud al-Aqqad</a> in Egypt and others </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> Ali finds an exception in "traditional S. Asian biographers" who maintain outright frankness in noting the "practicalities" of marrying a virgin girl.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014173-49">[46]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> Ali notes the polarizing environment to have prompted even scholars and popular authors from the West to incorporate apologetics premised on anachronism and political implications, often at the cost of historical accuracy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2014174,_188-189-52">[48]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> This is the generally accepted date, although the actual date of death is not known for certain.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaylamaz2013192%E2%80%93193-114">[109]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg1994157-1"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpellberg1994157_1-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpellberg1994">Spellberg 1994</a>, p. 157. </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="Reference-AHD-Aisha" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=Aisha">"Aisha"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language" title="The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language">The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</a> (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 6 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Aisha&rft.btitle=The+American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ahdictionary.com%2Fword%2Fsearch.html%3Fq%3DAisha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/aisha">"Aisha"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. Retrieved 6 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Aisha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Faisha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/%C4%80ishah">"Āishah"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a>. Merriam-Webster. 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[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>]. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/91386">"Aisha, Widow of the Prophet Muhammad, at the Battle of the Camel, from a dispersed Assembly of Histories (Majma' al-Tawarikh) manuscript | Yale University Art Gallery"</a>. artgallery.yale.edu. Retrieved 28 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=artgallery.yale.edu&rft.atitle=Aisha%2C+Widow+of+the+Prophet+Muhammad%2C+at+the+Battle+of+the+Camel%2C+from+a+dispersed+Assembly+of+Histories+%28Majma%E2%80%99+al-Tawarikh%29+manuscript+%7C+Yale+University+Art+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartgallery.yale.edu%2Fcollections%2Fobjects%2F91386&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpellberg1995" class="citation book cs1">Spellberg, D. A. (February 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cup.columbia.edu/book/politics-gender-and-the-islamic-past/9780231079990">Politics, Gender, and the Islamic Past: The Legacy of 'A'isha bint Abi Bakr</a>. 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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott19428-66"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbbott19428_66-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAbbott1942">Abbott 1942</a>, p. 8. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELings1983133–134-67"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELings1983133%E2%80%93134_67-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLings1983">Lings 1983</a>, pp. 133–134. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaykal1976183–184-68"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaykal1976183%E2%80%93184_68-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHaykal1976">Haykal 1976</a>, pp. 183–184. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199251–52-69"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed199251%E2%80%9352_69-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed1992">Ahmed 1992</a>, pp. 51–52. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMernissi1988104-70"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMernissi1988104_70-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMernissi1988">Mernissi 1988</a>, p. 104. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMernissi198878-71"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMernissi198878_71-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMernissi1988">Mernissi 1988</a>, p. 78. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERamadan2007121-72"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamadan2007121_72-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRamadan2007">Ramadan 2007</a>, p. 121. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021199–200-73"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodinson2021199%E2%80%93200_73-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRodinson2021">Rodinson 2021</a>, p. 199–200. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodgers201266-74"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodgers201266_74-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRodgers2012">Rodgers 2012</a>, p. 66. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021200–1-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodinson2021200%E2%80%931_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodinson2021200%E2%80%931_75-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodinson2021200%E2%80%931_75-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFRodinson2021">Rodinson 2021</a>, p. 200–1. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Bukhari1997232vol._6,_no._4750-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEal-Bukhari1997232vol._6,_no._4750_76-0">a</a> <a 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Commentary+on+the+Quran%2C+vol.+1%2C+by+al-Tabari&rft.au=Smirna+Si&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FTheCommentaryOnTheQuranVol.1ByAlTabari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodgers201267-79"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodgers201267_79-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRodgers2012">Rodgers 2012</a>, p. 67. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021201–2-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodinson2021201%E2%80%932_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodinson2021201%E2%80%932_80-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFRodinson2021">Rodinson 2021</a>, p. 201–2. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200687-81"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200687_81-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFal-Shati2006">al-Shati 2006</a>, p. 87. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEForward199790-82">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForward199790_82-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForward199790_82-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFForward1997">Forward 1997</a>, p. 90. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199470-83"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpellberg199470_83-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpellberg1994">Spellberg 1994</a>, p. 70. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265-84">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265_84-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265_84-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265_84-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265_84-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlubb2001265_84-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFGlubb2001">Glubb 2001</a>, p. 265. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200688-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200688_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200688_85-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFal-Shati2006">al-Shati 2006</a>, p. 88. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodinson2021202–3-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodinson2021202%E2%80%933_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodinson2021202%E2%80%933_86-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFRodinson2021">Rodinson 2021</a>, p. 202–3. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Bukhari1997285vol._5,_no._4141-87"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEal-Bukhari1997285vol._5,_no._4141_87-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFal-Bukhari1997">al-Bukhari 1997</a>, p. 285, vol. 5, no. 4141. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200689–90-88"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEal-Shati200689%E2%80%9390_88-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFal-Shati2006">al-Shati 2006</a>, p. 89–90. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199258-89"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed199258_89-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed1992">Ahmed 1992</a>, p. 58. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbbott194269-90"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbbott194269_90-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAbbott1942">Abbott 1942</a>, p. 69. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELings1983339-91"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELings1983339_91-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLings1983">Lings 1983</a>, p. 339. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaykal1976502–503-92"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaykal1976502%E2%80%93503_92-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHaykal1976">Haykal 1976</a>, pp. 502–503. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbn_Ishaq1955679_&_682-93"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbn_Ishaq1955679_&_682_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFIbn_Ishaq1955">Ibn Ishaq 1955</a>, p. 679 & 682. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElsadda2001-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElsadda2001_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElsadda2001_94-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElsadda2001_94-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFElsadda2001">Elsadda 2001</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAghaie2005-95"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAghaie2005_95-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAghaie2005">Aghaie 2005</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg19944–5-96"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpellberg19944%E2%80%935_96-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpellberg1994">Spellberg 1994</a>, pp. 4–5. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199434–40-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpellberg199434%E2%80%9340_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpellberg199434%E2%80%9340_97-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpellberg199434%E2%80%9340_97-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpellberg1994">Spellberg 1994</a>, pp. 34–40. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpellberg199433-98"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpellberg199433_98-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpellberg1994">Spellberg 1994</a>, p. 33. </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> See: <ul><li><a href="#CITEREFLapidus2002">Lapidus 2002</a>, p. 47</li> <li><a href="#CITEREFHolt1977">Holt 1977</a>, pp. 70–72</li> <li><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1979">Tabatabaei 1979</a>, pp. 50–57</li> <li><a href="#CITEREFal-Athir1231">al-Athir 1231</a>, p. 19P.19</li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolt197767–68-100"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolt197767%E2%80%9368_100-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHolt1977">Holt 1977</a>, pp. 67–68. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997107_&_111-101"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997107_&_111_101-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMadelung1997">Madelung 1997</a>, p. 107 & 111. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIshaq1955-102"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIshaq1955_102-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFIshaq1955">Ishaq 1955</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERazwy2001-103"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERazwy2001_103-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRazwy2001">Razwy 2001</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlubb1963320-104"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlubb1963320_104-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGlubb1963">Glubb 1963</a>, p. 320. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodwin1994-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodwin1994_105-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGoodwin1994">Goodwin 1994</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuir1892261-106"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuir1892261_106-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMuir1892">Muir 1892</a>, p. 261. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlack199434-107"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlack199434_107-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlack1994">Black 1994</a>, p. 34. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAslan200558–136-108"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAslan200558%E2%80%93136_108-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAslan2005">Aslan 2005</a>, pp. 58–136. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnwar2005-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnwar2005_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnwar2005_109-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnwar2005">Anwar 2005</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeissinger201137–49-110"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeissinger201137%E2%80%9349_110-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGeissinger2011">Geissinger 2011</a>, pp. 37–49. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAslan2005136-111"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAslan2005136_111-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAslan2005">Aslan 2005</a>, p. 136. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed199247–75-112"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed199247%E2%80%9375_112-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed1992">Ahmed 1992</a>, pp. 47–75. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeissinger201142-113"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeissinger201142_113-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGeissinger2011">Geissinger 2011</a>, p. 42. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaylamaz2013192–193-114"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaylamaz2013192%E2%80%93193_114-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHaylamaz2013">Haylamaz 2013</a>, pp. 192–193. </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNasa'i1994">Nasa'i 1994</a>, p. 108 "‘A’isha was eighteen years of age at the time when the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) died and she remained a widow for forty-eight years till she died at the age of sixty-seven. She saw the rules of four caliphs in her lifetime. She died in Ramadan 58 AH during the caliphate of Mu‘awiya..." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbn_Kathir97-117"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbn_Kathir97_117-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFIbn_Kathir">Ibn Kathir</a>, p. 97. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbott1942" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nabia_Abbott" title="Nabia Abbott">Abbott, Nabia</a> (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140310081837/http://oi.uchicago.edu/research/pubs/catalog/misc/aishah.html">Aishah The Beloved of Muhammad</a>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0405053184" title="Special:BookSources/978-0405053184"><bdi>978-0405053184</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oi.uchicago.edu/research/pubs/catalog/misc/aishah.html">the original</a> on 10 March 2014. 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BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-44695-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-44695-3"><bdi>978-90-04-44695-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advancing+the+Legal+Status+of+Women+in+Islamic+Law&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2021-05-25&rft.isbn=978-90-04-44695-3&rft.aulast=Samadi&rft.aufirst=Mona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DakwwEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeil2021" class="citation book cs1">Neil, Bronwen (14 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7qkPEAAAQBAJ">Dreams and Divination from Byzantium to Baghdad, 400-1000 CE</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-887114-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-887114-9"><bdi>978-0-19-887114-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dreams+and+Divination+from+Byzantium+to+Baghdad%2C+400-1000+CE&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2021-01-14&rft.isbn=978-0-19-887114-9&rft.aulast=Neil&rft.aufirst=Bronwen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7qkPEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner2003" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Bryan S. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zOAo9VvT4FEC">Islam: Islam, gender and family</a>. Taylor & Francis US. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-12350-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-12350-1"><bdi>978-0-415-12350-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Islam%2C+gender+and+family&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis+US&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-415-12350-1&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Bryan+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzOAo9VvT4FEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForward1997" class="citation book cs1">Forward, Martin (24 April 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BCkQAQAAIAAJ">Muhammad: A Short Biography</a>. Oneworld Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85168-131-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85168-131-0"><bdi>978-1-85168-131-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad%3A+A+Short+Biography&rft.pub=Oneworld+Publications&rft.date=1997-04-24&rft.isbn=978-1-85168-131-0&rft.aulast=Forward&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBCkQAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagel2020" class="citation book cs1">Nagel, Tilman (6 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YvgdEAAAQBAJ">Muhammad's Mission: Religion, Politics, and Power at the Birth of Islam</a>. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-067498-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-067498-9"><bdi>978-3-11-067498-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad%27s+Mission%3A+Religion%2C+Politics%2C+and+Power+at+the+Birth+of+Islam&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&rft.date=2020-07-06&rft.isbn=978-3-11-067498-9&rft.aulast=Nagel&rft.aufirst=Tilman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYvgdEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKloppenborgHanegraaff2018" class="citation book cs1">Kloppenborg, Ria; Hanegraaff, Wouter J. 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BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-37888-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-37888-9"><bdi>978-90-04-37888-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Female+Stereotypes+in+Religious+Traditions&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2018-09-24&rft.isbn=978-90-04-37888-9&rft.aulast=Kloppenborg&rft.aufirst=Ria&rft.au=Hanegraaff%2C+Wouter+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwN-mDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_C._Peterson" title="Daniel C. Peterson">Peterson, Daniel</a> (2007). Muhammad, Prophet of God. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-0754-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-0754-0"><bdi>978-0-8028-0754-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad%2C+Prophet+of+God&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-0754-0&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_A._C._Brown" title="Jonathan A. C. 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(6 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DR_mDAAAQBAJ">Muhammad and Jesus: A Comparison of the Prophets and Their Teachings</a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4742-8935-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4742-8935-1"><bdi>978-1-4742-8935-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+and+Jesus%3A+A+Comparison+of+the+Prophets+and+Their+Teachings&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2016-10-06&rft.isbn=978-1-4742-8935-1&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=William+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDR_mDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEl-Azhari2019" class="citation book cs1">El-Azhari, Taef Kamal (2019). "Two Wives at the Same Time: Sawda and 'Aisha". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_LaSvwEACAAJ">Queens, Eunuchs and Concubines in Islamic History, 661-1257</a>. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 24–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4744-2318-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4744-2318-2"><bdi>978-1-4744-2318-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Two+Wives+at+the+Same+Time%3A+Sawda+and+%27Aisha&rft.btitle=Queens%2C+Eunuchs+and+Concubines+in+Islamic+History%2C+661-1257&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E24-%3C%2Fspan%3E5&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-4744-2318-2&rft.aulast=El-Azhari&rft.aufirst=Taef+Kamal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_LaSvwEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnthony2020" class="citation book cs1">Anthony, Sean W. (21 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_r7LDwAAQBAJ">Muhammad and the Empires of Faith: The Making of the Prophet of Islam</a>. Univ of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-97452-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-97452-4"><bdi>978-0-520-97452-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+and+the+Empires+of+Faith%3A+The+Making+of+the+Prophet+of+Islam&rft.pub=Univ+of+California+Press&rft.date=2020-04-21&rft.isbn=978-0-520-97452-4&rft.aulast=Anthony&rft.aufirst=Sean+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_r7LDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Shati2006" class="citation book cs1">al-Shati, Bint (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VxE5vgAACAAJ">The Wives of the Prophet</a>. Gorgias Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59333-398-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59333-398-0"><bdi>978-1-59333-398-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wives+of+the+Prophet&rft.pub=Gorgias+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-59333-398-0&rft.aulast=al-Shati&rft.aufirst=Bint&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVxE5vgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlubb2001" class="citation book cs1">Glubb, Sir John Bagot (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=miAqAQAAMAAJ">The Life and Times of Muhammad</a>. Cooper Square Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8154-1176-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8154-1176-5"><bdi>978-0-8154-1176-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Times+of+Muhammad&rft.pub=Cooper+Square+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8154-1176-5&rft.aulast=Glubb&rft.aufirst=Sir+John+Bagot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmiAqAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodinson2021" class="citation book cs1">Rodinson, Maxime (2 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ttPdDwAAQBAJ">Muhammad</a>. New York Review of Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-68137-493-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-68137-493-2"><bdi>978-1-68137-493-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad&rft.pub=New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.date=2021-03-02&rft.isbn=978-1-68137-493-2&rft.aulast=Rodinson&rft.aufirst=Maxime&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DttPdDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Bukhari1997" class="citation book cs1">al-Bukhari, Muhammed Ibn Ismaiel (1 June 1997). The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari: Arabic-English. Translated by Khan, Muhammad M. Dar-us-Salam Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9960-717-31-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-9960-717-31-9"><bdi>978-9960-717-31-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Translation+of+the+Meanings+of+Sahih+Al-Bukhari%3A+Arabic-English&rft.pub=Dar-us-Salam+Publications&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.isbn=978-9960-717-31-9&rft.aulast=al-Bukhari&rft.aufirst=Muhammed+Ibn+Ismaiel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodgers2012" class="citation book cs1">Rodgers, Russ (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nOxXXwAACAAJ">The Generalship of Muhammad: Battles and Campaigns of the Prophet of Allah</a>. University Press of Florida. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8130-3766-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8130-3766-0"><bdi>978-0-8130-3766-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Generalship+of+Muhammad%3A+Battles+and+Campaigns+of+the+Prophet+of+Allah&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Florida&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-8130-3766-0&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=Russ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnOxXXwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAghaie2005" class="citation journal cs1">Aghaie, Kamran Scot (Winter 2005). "The Origins of the Sunnite-Shiite Divide and the Emergence of the Ta'ziyeh Tradition". <a href="/wiki/TDR_(journal)" title="TDR (journal)">TDR: The Drama Review</a>. 49 (4 (T188)): 42–47. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2F105420405774763032">10.1162/105420405774763032</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:57564760">57564760</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TDR%3A+The+Drama+Review&rft.atitle=The+Origins+of+the+Sunnite-Shiite+Divide+and+the+Emergence+of+the+Ta%27ziyeh+Tradition&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4+%28T188%29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E42-%3C%2Fspan%3E47&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2F105420405774763032&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A57564760%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Aghaie&rft.aufirst=Kamran+Scot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Leila_Ahmed" title="Leila Ahmed">Ahmed, Leila</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womengenderinisl00ahme">Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300055832" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300055832"><bdi>978-0300055832</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+and+Gender+in+Islam%3A+Historical+Roots+of+a+Modern+Debate&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0300055832&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Leila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwomengenderinisl00ahme&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Athir1231" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Athir" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn al-Athir">al-Athir, Ali ibn</a> (1231). <a href="/wiki/The_Complete_History" title="The Complete History">The Complete History</a>. Vol. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+History&rft.date=1231&rft.aulast=al-Athir&rft.aufirst=Ali+ibn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Tabari" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari">al-Tabari</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Prophets_and_Kings" title="History of the Prophets and Kings">Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk</a> [History of the Prophets and Kings].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tarikh+al-Rusul+wa+al-Muluk&rft.au=al-Tabari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Tabari1987" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">al-Tabari (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170519212015/http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic1094745.files/Tabari%20Vol%207-8.pdf">The Foundation of The Community</a> (PDF) (in Arabic). Vol. 7. Translated by <a href="/wiki/William_Montgomery_Watt" class="mw-redirect" title="William Montgomery Watt">William Montgomery Watt</a>; M. V. McDonald. <a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="State University of New York Press">State University of New York Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0887063442" title="Special:BookSources/978-0887063442"><bdi>978-0887063442</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic1094745.files/Tabari%20Vol%207-8.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Foundation+of+The+Community&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0887063442&rft.au=al-Tabari&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fisites.harvard.edu%2Ffs%2Fdocs%2Ficb.topic1094745.files%2FTabari%2520Vol%25207-8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Tabari1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">al-Tabari (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic1094745.files/Tabari%20Vol%209.pdf">The Last Years of the Prophet</a> (PDF) (in Arabic). Vol. 9. Translated by <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Poonawala" title="Ismail Poonawala">Ismail Poonawala</a>. <a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="State University of New York Press">State University of New York Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0887066917" title="Special:BookSources/978-0887066917"><bdi>978-0887066917</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+Years+of+the+Prophet&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0887066917&rft.au=al-Tabari&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fisites.harvard.edu%2Ffs%2Fdocs%2Ficb.topic1094745.files%2FTabari%2520Vol%25209.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Tabari1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">al-Tabari (1998). Biographies of the Prophet's Companions and Successors (in Arabic). Vol. 39. Translated by Ella Landau Tasseron. <a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="State University of New York Press">State University of New York Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0791428192" title="Special:BookSources/0791428192"><bdi>0791428192</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographies+of+the+Prophet%27s+Companions+and+Successors&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0791428192&rft.au=al-Tabari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAleem2007" class="citation book cs1">Aleem, Shamim (2007). Prophet Muhammad(s) and His Family: A Sociological Perspective. AuthorHouse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781434323576" title="Special:BookSources/9781434323576"><bdi>9781434323576</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prophet+Muhammad%28s%29+and+His+Family%3A+A+Sociological+Perspective&rft.pub=AuthorHouse&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781434323576&rft.aulast=Aleem&rft.aufirst=Shamim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAli2014" class="citation book cs1">Ali, Kecia (2014). "Mother of the Faithful". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Zyh9BAAAQBAJ">The lives of Muhammad</a>. Harvard: Harvard University Press. pp. 133, 155–199. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674050600" title="Special:BookSources/9780674050600"><bdi>9780674050600</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mother+of+the+Faithful&rft.btitle=The+lives+of+Muhammad&rft.place=Harvard&rft.pages=133%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E155-%3C%2Fspan%3E199&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780674050600&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Kecia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZyh9BAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAli1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(writer)" title="Muhammad Ali (writer)">Ali, Muhammad</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=od6dAQKgK-YC&pg=PT150">Muhammad the Prophet</a>. Ahamadiyya Anjuman Ishaat Islam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0913321072" title="Special:BookSources/978-0913321072"><bdi>978-0913321072</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+the+Prophet&rft.pub=Ahamadiyya+Anjuman+Ishaat+Islam&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0913321072&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dod6dAQKgK-YC%26pg%3DPT150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnwar2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit">Anwar, Jawed (4 April 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224114121/http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/view_article.html?article_id=6d6fea04944e29e558dc1e90ff7cfb62">"History Shows the Importance of Women in Muslim Life"</a>. Muslims Weekly. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2012 – via New America Media.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muslims+Weekly&rft.atitle=History+Shows+the+Importance+of+Women+in+Muslim+Life&rft.date=2005-04-04&rft.aulast=Anwar&rft.aufirst=Jawed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.newamericamedia.org%2Fnews%2Fview_article.html%3Farticle_id%3D6d6fea04944e29e558dc1e90ff7cfb62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Karen_Armstrong" title="Karen Armstrong">Armstrong, Karen</a> (1992). <a href="/wiki/Muhammad:_A_Biography_of_the_Prophet" title="Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet">Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet</a>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0062500144" title="Special:BookSources/978-0062500144"><bdi>978-0062500144</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad%3A+A+Biography+of+the+Prophet&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0062500144&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Karen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAslan2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Reza_Aslan" title="Reza Aslan">Aslan, Reza</a> (2005). <a href="/wiki/No_god_but_God:_The_Origins,_Evolution,_and_Future_of_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam">No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam</a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0385739757" title="Special:BookSources/978-0385739757"><bdi>978-0385739757</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+god+but+God%3A+The+Origins%2C+Evolution%2C+and+Future+of+Islam&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0385739757&rft.aulast=Aslan&rft.aufirst=Reza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBahramian2015" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Bahramian, Ali (2015). "ʿĀʾisha". In Madelung, Wilferd (ed.). Encyclopaedia Islamica. Brill. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1875-9831_isla_COM_0235">10.1163/1875-9831_isla_COM_0235</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BF%C4%80%CA%BEisha&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Islamica&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1875-9831_isla_COM_0235&rft.aulast=Bahramian&rft.aufirst=Ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarlas2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Asma_Barlas" title="Asma Barlas">Barlas, Asma</a> (2002). <a href="/wiki/Believing_Women_in_Islam:_Unreading_Patriarchal_Interpretations_of_the_Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Believing Women in Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Qur'an">Believing Women in Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Qur'an</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Press" title="University of Texas Press">University of Texas Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0292709041" title="Special:BookSources/978-0292709041"><bdi>978-0292709041</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Believing+Women+in+Islam%3A+Unreading+Patriarchal+Interpretations+of+the+Qur%27an&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0292709041&rft.aulast=Barlas&rft.aufirst=Asma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"> Read pages <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nGKMCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA125">125</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nGKMCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA126">126</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nGKMCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA127">127</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nGKMCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA128">128</a> online.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlack1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Black" title="Edwin Black">Black, Edwin</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LVScQYzhx5oC&q=Ali+20,000+battle+of+the+camel&pg=PA34">Banking on Baghdad: Inside Iraq's 7,000-year History of War, Profit, and Conflict</a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0914153122" title="Special:BookSources/978-0914153122"><bdi>978-0914153122</bdi></a>. Retrieved 31 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Banking+on+Baghdad%3A+Inside+Iraq%27s+7%2C000-year+History+of+War%2C+Profit%2C+and+Conflict&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0914153122&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLVScQYzhx5oC%26q%3DAli%2B20%2C000%2Bbattle%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bcamel%26pg%3DPA34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrockelmann1947" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Brockelmann" title="Carl Brockelmann">Brockelmann, Carl</a> (1947). Geschichte der Islamischen Volker und Staaten [History of the Islamic Peoples, with a Review of Events, 1939–1947] (in German). Translated by Joel Carmichael and Moshe Perlmann. <a href="/wiki/G._P._Putnam%27s_Sons" title="G. P. Putnam's Sons">G. P. Putnam's Sons</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschichte+der+Islamischen+Volker+und+Staaten&rft.pub=G.+P.+Putnam%27s+Sons&rft.date=1947&rft.aulast=Brockelmann&rft.aufirst=Carl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_A.C._Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan A.C. Brown">Brown, Jonathan A.C.</a> (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/misquotingmuhamm0000brow">Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oneworld_Publications" title="Oneworld Publications">Oneworld Publications</a>. pp. 142–148. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1780744209" title="Special:BookSources/978-1780744209"><bdi>978-1780744209</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Misquoting+Muhammad%3A+The+Challenge+and+Choices+of+Interpreting+the+Prophet%27s+Legacy&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E142-%3C%2Fspan%3E148&rft.pub=Oneworld+Publications&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1780744209&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+A.C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmisquotingmuhamm0000brow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsadda2001" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hoda_Elsadda" title="Hoda Elsadda">Elsadda, Hoda</a> (Spring 2001). "Discourses on Women's Biographies and Cultural Identity: Twentieth-Century Representations of the Life of 'A'isha Bint Abi Bakr". <a href="/wiki/Feminist_Studies" title="Feminist Studies">Feminist Studies</a>. 27 (1): 37–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3178448">10.2307/3178448</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fspo.0499697.0027.105">2027/spo.0499697.0027.105</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3178448">3178448</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Feminist+Studies&rft.atitle=Discourses+on+Women%27s+Biographies+and+Cultural+Identity%3A+Twentieth-Century+Representations+of+the+Life+of+%27A%27isha+Bint+Abi+Bakr&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E37-%3C%2Fspan%3E64&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fspo.0499697.0027.105&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3178448%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3178448&rft.aulast=Elsadda&rft.aufirst=Hoda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2004a" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Esposito" title="John Esposito">Esposito, John L.</a> (2004a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180904081445/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t243/e14?_hi=2&_pos=1">"A'ishah in the Islamic World: Past and Present"</a>. Oxford Islamic Studies Online. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t243/e14">the original</a> on 4 September 2018. Retrieved 12 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Islamic+Studies+Online&rft.atitle=A%27ishah+in+the+Islamic+World%3A+Past+and+Present&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft243%2Fe14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2004b" class="citation book cs1">Esposito, John L. (2004b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E324pQEEQQcC">The Oxford Dictionary of Islam</a>. Oxford University Press. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-975726-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-975726-8"><bdi>978-0-19-975726-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Islam&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-19-975726-8&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE324pQEEQQcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeissinger2011" class="citation journal cs1">Geissinger, Aisha (January 2011). "'A'isha bint Abi Bakr and her Contributions to the Formation of the Islamic Tradition". 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The Great Arab Conquests. <a href="/wiki/Hodder_%26_Stoughton" title="Hodder & Stoughton">Hodder & Stoughton</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0340009383" title="Special:BookSources/978-0340009383"><bdi>978-0340009383</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Arab+Conquests&rft.pub=Hodder+%26+Stoughton&rft.date=1963&rft.isbn=978-0340009383&rft.aulast=Glubb&rft.aufirst=John+Bagot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodwin1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jan_Goodwin" title="Jan Goodwin">Goodwin, Jan</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/priceofhonormusl00good">Price of Honor: Muslim Women Lift the Veil of Silence on the Islamic World</a>. <a href="/wiki/Little,_Brown_and_Company" title="Little, Brown and Company">Little, Brown and Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0452283770" title="Special:BookSources/978-0452283770"><bdi>978-0452283770</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Price+of+Honor%3A+Muslim+Women+Lift+the+Veil+of+Silence+on+the+Islamic+World&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0452283770&rft.aulast=Goodwin&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpriceofhonormusl00good&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHallaq1999" class="citation journal cs1">Hallaq, Wael B. (1999). "The Authenticity of Prophetic Ḥadîth: A Pseudo-Problem". Studia Islamica (89): 75–90. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1596086">10.2307/1596086</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0585-5292">0585-5292</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1596086">1596086</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studia+Islamica&rft.atitle=The+Authenticity+of+Prophetic+%E1%B8%A4ad%C3%AEth%3A+A+Pseudo-Problem&rft.issue=89&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E75-%3C%2Fspan%3E90&rft.date=1999&rft.issn=0585-5292&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1596086%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1596086&rft.aulast=Hallaq&rft.aufirst=Wael+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaykal1976" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Husayn_Haykal" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Husayn Haykal">Haykal, Muhammad Husayn</a> (1976). The Life of Muhammad (in Arabic). Translated by Isma'il Ragi Al-Faruqi. <a href="/wiki/North_American_Islamic_Trust" title="North American Islamic Trust">North American Trust Publications</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0892591374" title="Special:BookSources/978-0892591374"><bdi>978-0892591374</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+Muhammad&rft.pub=North+American+Trust+Publications&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0892591374&rft.aulast=Haykal&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Husayn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaylamaz2013" class="citation book cs1">Haylamaz, Resit (1 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uxVRCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT192">Aisha: The Wife, The Companion, The Scholar</a>. Tughra Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781597846554" title="Special:BookSources/9781597846554"><bdi>9781597846554</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aisha%3A+The+Wife%2C+The+Companion%2C+The+Scholar&rft.pub=Tughra+Books&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.isbn=9781597846554&rft.aulast=Haylamaz&rft.aufirst=Resit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuxVRCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT192&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolt1977" class="citation book cs1">Holt, Peter Malcolm (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y99jTbxNbSAC&pg=PA327">"The Nilotic Sudan"</a>. In Holt, Peter Malcolm; <a href="/wiki/Ann_Lambton" title="Ann Lambton">Lambton, Ann K. S.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Lewis, Bernard</a> (eds.). The Cambridge History of Islam. Vol. 2A. Cambridge University Press. pp. 327–344. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-29137-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-29137-8"><bdi>978-0-521-29137-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Nilotic+Sudan&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Islam&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E327-%3C%2Fspan%3E344&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-521-29137-8&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=Peter+Malcolm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy99jTbxNbSAC%26pg%3DPA327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Ishaq1955" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ishaq" title="Ibn Ishaq">Ibn Ishaq</a> (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheLifeOfMohammedGuillaume">Sirat Rasul Allah</a> [The Life of Muhammad] (in Arabic). 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"book 4, chapter 7". <a href="/wiki/Al-Bidaya_wa%27l-Nihaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya">Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya</a> [The Beginning and the End] (in Arabic).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=book+4%2C+chapter+7&rft.btitle=Al-Bidaya+wa%27l-Nihaya&rft.au=Ibn+Kathir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Sa'd1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d_al-Baghdadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Sa'd al-Baghdadi">Ibn Sa'd</a> (1995). Women of Madina (in Arabic). Vol. 8. Translated by Aisha Bewley. Ta-Ha Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1897940242" title="Special:BookSources/978-1897940242"><bdi>978-1897940242</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+of+Madina&rft.pub=Ta-Ha+Publishers&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-1897940242&rft.au=Ibn+Sa%27d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoseph2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Suad_Joseph" title="Suad Joseph">Joseph, Suad</a>, ed. (2007). <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Women_and_Islamic_Cultures" title="Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures">Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures: Volume 5 – Practices, Interpretations and Representations</a>. 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(1994). Sunan Nasa'i: English translation with Arabic Text. Vol. 1. Translated by Siddiqui, Muhammad Iqbal. Lahore: Kazi Publication.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sunan+Nasa%27i%3A+English+translation+with+Arabic+Text&rft.place=Lahore&rft.pub=Kazi+Publication&rft.date=1994&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNigosian2004" class="citation book cs1">Nigosian, Solomon A. (29 January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=my7hnALd_NkC">Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices</a>. Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-11074-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-11074-9"><bdi>978-0-253-11074-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Its+History%2C+Teaching%2C+and+Practices&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2004-01-29&rft.isbn=978-0-253-11074-9&rft.aulast=Nigosian&rft.aufirst=Solomon+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmy7hnALd_NkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamadan2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ramadan" title="Tariq Ramadan">Ramadan, Tariq</a> (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/infootstepsofpro00rama">In The Footsteps of The Prophet</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530880-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530880-8"><bdi>978-0-19-530880-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+The+Footsteps+of+The+Prophet&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-530880-8&rft.aulast=Ramadan&rft.aufirst=Tariq&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finfootstepsofpro00rama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRazwy2001" class="citation book cs1">Razwy, Ali Ashgar (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.al-islam.org/restatement-history-islam-and-muslims-sayyid-ali-ashgar-razwy/battle-basra-battle-camel">"The Battle of Basra (the battle of Camel)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.al-islam.org/restatement-history-islam-and-muslims-sayyid-ali-ashgar-razwy">A Restatement of the History of Islam and Muslims</a>. World Federation of Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri Muslim Communities. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0950987910" title="Special:BookSources/978-0950987910"><bdi>978-0950987910</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Battle+of+Basra+%28the+battle+of+Camel%29&rft.btitle=A+Restatement+of+the+History+of+Islam+and+Muslims&rft.pub=World+Federation+of+Khoja+Shia+Ithna-Asheri+Muslim+Communities&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0950987910&rft.aulast=Razwy&rft.aufirst=Ali+Ashgar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-islam.org%2Frestatement-history-islam-and-muslims-sayyid-ali-ashgar-razwy%2Fbattle-basra-battle-camel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoded1994" class="citation book cs1">Roded, Ruth (1994). 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Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures. Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004113800" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004113800"><bdi>978-9004113800</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rise+of+Islam%3A+6th+to+9th+century&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Women+%26+Islamic+Cultures&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-9004113800&rft.aulast=Sonbol&rft.aufirst=Amira&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fbrowse%2Fencyclopedia-of-women-and-islamic-cultures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWherry2013" class="citation book cs1">Wherry, E. M. (4 July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5Wa4Zt1szLUC">A Comprehensive Commentary on the Quran: Comprising Sale's Translation and Preliminary Discourse: Volume IV</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-39281-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-39281-8"><bdi>978-1-136-39281-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Comprehensive+Commentary+on+the+Quran%3A+Comprising+Sale%27s+Translation+and+Preliminary+Discourse%3A+Volume+IV&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-07-04&rft.isbn=978-1-136-39281-8&rft.aulast=Wherry&rft.aufirst=E.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5Wa4Zt1szLUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBagley2013" class="citation book cs1">Bagley, F. R. C. (1 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cu8SP9mMYosC">Twenty-three Years: A Study of the Prophetic Career of Mohammad</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-03041-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-03041-4"><bdi>978-1-135-03041-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Twenty-three+Years%3A+A+Study+of+the+Prophetic+Career+of+Mohammad&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.isbn=978-1-135-03041-4&rft.aulast=Bagley&rft.aufirst=F.+R.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcu8SP9mMYosC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHekmat1997" class="citation book cs1">Hekmat, Anwar (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jdTXAAAAMAAJ">Women and the Koran: The Status of Women in Islam</a>. Prometheus Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57392-162-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57392-162-6"><bdi>978-1-57392-162-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+and+the+Koran%3A+The+Status+of+Women+in+Islam&rft.pub=Prometheus+Books&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-57392-162-6&rft.aulast=Hekmat&rft.aufirst=Anwar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjdTXAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2009" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, Diane (12 November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6oHDEAAAQBAJ">Essential Islam: A Comprehensive Guide to Belief and Practice</a>. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-36026-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-36026-8"><bdi>978-0-313-36026-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essential+Islam%3A+A+Comprehensive+Guide+to+Belief+and+Practice&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing+USA&rft.date=2009-11-12&rft.isbn=978-0-313-36026-8&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6oHDEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrving2007" class="citation book cs1">Irving, Washington (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g-4f5m2oHlcC">Mohammed</a>. Wordsworth Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84022-573-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84022-573-0"><bdi>978-1-84022-573-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mohammed&rft.pub=Wordsworth+Editions&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84022-573-0&rft.aulast=Irving&rft.aufirst=Washington&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg-4f5m2oHlcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHassan2013" class="citation book cs1">Hassan, Riaz (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QErrlgEACAAJ">Islam and Society: Sociological Explorations</a>. Melbourne University Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-522-86256-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-522-86256-0"><bdi>978-0-522-86256-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+Society%3A+Sociological+Explorations&rft.pub=Melbourne+University+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-522-86256-0&rft.aulast=Hassan&rft.aufirst=Riaz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQErrlgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBosworth_et_al.1991" class="citation book cs1">Bosworth, C. E.; Donzel, E. van; Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch., eds. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/1956">Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume VI (Mahk-Mid): [Fasc. 99-114a]</a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-08112-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-08112-3"><bdi>978-90-04-08112-3</bdi></a>. Retrieved 20 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+Volume+VI+%28Mahk-Mid%29%3A+%5BFasc.+99-114a%5D&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-90-04-08112-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fedcollbook%2Ftitle%2F1956&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpellberg1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Denise_Spellberg" title="Denise Spellberg">Spellberg, Denise</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicsgenderis0000spel">Politics, Gender, and the Islamic Past: the Legacy of A'isha bint Abi Bakr</a>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0231079990" title="Special:BookSources/978-0231079990"><bdi>978-0231079990</bdi></a> – via archive.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Politics%2C+Gender%2C+and+the+Islamic+Past%3A+the+Legacy+of+A%27isha+bint+Abi+Bakr&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0231079990&rft.aulast=Spellberg&rft.aufirst=Denise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpoliticsgenderis0000spel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpellberg1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Denise_Spellberg" title="Denise Spellberg">Spellberg, Denise A.</a> (1996). Politics, Gender, and the Islamic Past: The Legacy of 'A'isha Bint Abi Bakr. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-07999-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-07999-0"><bdi>978-0-231-07999-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Politics%2C+Gender%2C+and+the+Islamic+Past%3A+The+Legacy+of+%27A%27isha+Bint+Abi+Bakr&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-231-07999-0&rft.aulast=Spellberg&rft.aufirst=Denise+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSayeed2013" class="citation book cs1">Sayeed, Asma (6 August 2013). Women and the Transmission of Religious Knowledge in Islam. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107031586" title="Special:BookSources/9781107031586"><bdi>9781107031586</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+and+the+Transmission+of+Religious+Knowledge+in+Islam&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2013-08-06&rft.isbn=9781107031586&rft.aulast=Sayeed&rft.aufirst=Asma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTabatabaei1979" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tabatabaei, Muhammad Husayn (1979). Shi'ite Islam (in Arabic). Translated by <a href="/wiki/Hossein_Nasr" class="mw-redirect" title="Hossein Nasr">Hossein Nasr</a>. <a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="State University of New York Press">State University of New York Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0873952729" title="Special:BookSources/978-0873952729"><bdi>978-0873952729</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shi%27ite+Islam&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0873952729&rft.aulast=Tabatabaei&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Husayn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaglieri1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Laura_Veccia_Vaglieri" title="Laura Veccia Vaglieri">Vaglieri, Laura Veccia</a> (1977). "4". In <a href="/wiki/Peter_M._Holt" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter M. Holt">Holt, Peter M.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ann_Lambton" title="Ann Lambton">Lambton, Ann</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Lewis, Bernard</a> (eds.). The Cambridge History of Islam. Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCHOL9780521219464">10.1017/CHOL9780521219464</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1139055024" title="Special:BookSources/978-1139055024"><bdi>978-1139055024</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=4&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCHOL9780521219464&rft.isbn=978-1139055024&rft.aulast=Vaglieri&rft.aufirst=Laura+Veccia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatt1960" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Montgomery_Watt" class="mw-redirect" title="William Montgomery Watt">Watt, William Montgomery</a> (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/aisha-bint-abi-bakr-SIM_0440">ʿĀʾis̲h̲a Bint Abī Bakr</a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_Islam" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam">Encyclopaedia of Islam</a> Online. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004161214" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004161214"><bdi>978-9004161214</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CA%BF%C4%80%CA%BEis%CC%B2h%CC%B2a+Bint+Ab%C4%AB+Bakr&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam+Online&rft.date=1960&rft.isbn=978-9004161214&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=William+Montgomery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-2%2Faisha-bint-abi-bakr-SIM_0440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatt1961" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Montgomery_Watt" class="mw-redirect" title="William Montgomery Watt">Watt, William Montgomery</a> (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadprophets00watt">Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0198810780" title="Special:BookSources/978-0198810780"><bdi>978-0198810780</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad%3A+Prophet+and+Statesman&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1961&rft.isbn=978-0198810780&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=William+Montgomery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadprophets00watt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aisha" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aisha">Aisha</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 34px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="34" data-height="40" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Aisha" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Aisha">Aisha</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAfshare2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Haleh_Afshar,_Baroness_Afshar" title="Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar">Afshare, Haleh</a> (2006). Democracy and Islam. <a href="/wiki/Hansard_Society" title="Hansard Society">Hansard Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democracy+and+Islam&rft.pub=Hansard+Society&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Afshare&rft.aufirst=Haleh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF'Askari" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Murtada_Sharif_%27Askari" title="Murtada Sharif 'Askari">'Askari, Murtada Sharif</a>. Role of Ayesha in the History of Islam. Iran: Ansarian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Role+of+Ayesha+in+the+History+of+Islam&rft.place=Iran&rft.pub=Ansarian&rft.aulast=%27Askari&rft.aufirst=Murtada+Sharif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowker,_John2000" class="citation book cs1">Bowker, John (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780192800947">The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780192800947.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780192800947.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0192800947" title="Special:BookSources/978-0192800947"><bdi>978-0192800947</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Concise+Oxford+Dictionary+of+World+Religions&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780192800947.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0192800947&rft.au=Bowker%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780192800947&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChavel2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chavel, Geneviève (2007). Aïcha : La bien-aimée du prophète (in French). Editions SW Télémaque. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2753300552" title="Special:BookSources/978-2753300552"><bdi>978-2753300552</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A%C3%AFcha+%3A+La+bien-aim%C3%A9e+du+proph%C3%A8te&rft.pub=Editions+SW+T%C3%A9l%C3%A9maque&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-2753300552&rft.aulast=Chavel&rft.aufirst=Genevi%C3%A8ve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivzi1971" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sa%27id_Akhtar_Rizvi" title="Sa'id Akhtar Rizvi">Rivzi, Sa'id Akhtar</a> (1971). The Life of Muhammad The Prophet. Darul Tabligh North America.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+Muhammad+The+Prophet&rft.pub=Darul+Tabligh+North+America&rft.date=1971&rft.aulast=Rivzi&rft.aufirst=Sa%27id+Akhtar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">ISBN missing</a>]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodinson2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Maxime_Rodinson" title="Maxime Rodinson">Rodinson, Maxime</a> (2002). Muhammad. New Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1565847521" title="Special:BookSources/978-1565847521"><bdi>978-1565847521</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad&rft.pub=New+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1565847521&rft.aulast=Rodinson&rft.aufirst=Maxime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"> (translated from the French by Anne Carter)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080201061117/http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/history/biographies/sahaabah/bio.AISHAH_BINT_ABI_BAKR.html">"Biography of Aisha"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/history/biographies/sahaabah/bio.AISHAH_BINT_ABI_BAKR.html">the original</a> on 1 February 2008. Retrieved 22 November 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography+of+Aisha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usc.edu%2Fdept%2FMSA%2Fhistory%2Fbiographies%2Fsahaabah%2Fbio.AISHAH_BINT_ABI_BAKR.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAisha" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aisha&oldid=1283568321">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aisha&oldid=1283568321</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Aisha&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 2 April 2025, at 08:29 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/%27Aisyah_binti_Abu_Bakar" title="'Aisyah binti Abu Bakar – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="'Aisyah binti Abu Bakar" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aischa_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Aischa bint Abi Bakr – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Aischa bint Abi Bakr" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B1" title="عائشة بنت أبي بكر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عائشة بنت أبي بكر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%B0" title="আইছা বিন্ত আবু বকৰ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আইছা বিন্ত আবু বকৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Aisha bint Abi Bakr – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aisha bint Abi Bakr" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80" title="ГӀаиша бинт Абу Бакр – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ГӀаиша бинт Абу Бакр" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%9F%C9%99" title="Aişə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aişə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87" title="عایشه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عایشه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE" title="আয়িশা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আয়িশা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aishah" title="Aishah – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Aishah" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D3%99%D0%B9%D1%88%D3%99_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82_%D3%98%D0%B1%D2%AF_%D0%91%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ғәйшә бинт Әбү Бәкер – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ғәйшә бинт Әбү Бәкер" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Аиша – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аиша" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%A1a_bint_Ebu-Bekr" title="Aiša bint Ebu-Bekr – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aiša bint Ebu-Bekr" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80%C3%AFxa_bint_Abi-Bakr" title="Àïxa bint Abi-Bakr – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àïxa bint Abi-Bakr" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81i%C5%A1a" title="Áiša – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Áiša" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aischa_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Aischa bint Abi Bakr – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aischa bint Abi Bakr" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%98%C4%80%27ishah" title="‘Ā'ishah – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="‘Ā'ishah" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%8A%CF%83%CE%AC" title="Αϊσά – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αϊσά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Aisha bint Abi Bakr – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aisha bint Abi Bakr" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%9Da" title="Aiŝa – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aiŝa" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87" title="عایشه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عایشه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%AFcha" title="Aïcha – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aïcha" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha_(bean_Mhahamad)" title="Aisha (bean Mhahamad) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aisha (bean Mhahamad)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%83%A4" title="아이샤 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아이샤" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AB%D5%B7%D5%A1_%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A9_%D4%B1%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82_%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%84%D6%80" title="Աիշա բինթ Աբու Բաքր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աիշա բինթ Աբու Բաքր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE" title="आइशा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आइशा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aj%C5%A1a" title="Ajša – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ajša" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisyah" title="Aisyah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aisyah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%80%CA%BEisha" title="ʿĀʾisha – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="ʿĀʾisha" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%94" title="עאישה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עאישה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisyah" title="Aisyah – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Aisyah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6" title="ಆಯಿಶ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಯಿಶ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97_%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="აიშა ბინთ აბუ ბაქრი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აიშა ბინთ აბუ ბაქრი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%81" title="حضرت عائشہ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="حضرت عائشہ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Айша – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Айша" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ey%C5%9Fe" title="Eyşe – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Eyşe" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Айша – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Айша" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%A1a" title="Aiša – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aiša" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aischa_(Islam)" title="Aischa (Islam) – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Aischa (Islam)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%A1a_bint_Abu_Bakr" title="Aiša bint Abu Bakr – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aiša bint Abu Bakr" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%80%CA%BEisha" title="ʿĀʾisha – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="ʿĀʾisha" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81isa_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Áisa bint Abi Bakr – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Áisa bint Abi Bakr" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisyah" title="Aisyah – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Aisyah" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%98%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Ајша – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ајша" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha_bint_Abu_Bakr" title="Aisha bint Abu Bakr – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Aisha bint Abu Bakr" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B6" title="ആഇശ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആഇശ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE" title="आयशा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आयशा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B1" title="عائشه بنت ابو بكر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عائشه بنت ابو بكر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisyah_Abu_Bakar" title="Aisyah Abu Bakar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aisyah Abu Bakar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%AFsja" title="Aïsja – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aïsja" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%93%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AB" title="アーイシャ・ビント・アブー・バクル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アーイシャ・ビント・アブー・バクル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80" title="Ӏаишат бинт Абу Бакр – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏаишат бинт Абу Бакр" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisja" title="Aisja – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aisja" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oysha" title="Oysha – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oysha" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="عائشہ بنت ابی بکر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عائشہ بنت ابی بکر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="عايشه بنت ابي بکر – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="عايشه بنت ابي بکر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6" title="អៃសា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អៃសា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%E2%80%99isza_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="A’isza bint Abi Bakr – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="A’isza bint Abi Bakr" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aixa" title="Aixa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aixa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Aisha bint Abi Bakr – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aisha bint Abi Bakr" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80" title="Аиша бинт Абу Бакр – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аиша бинт Абу Бакр" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="عائشہ بنت ابی بکر – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="عائشہ بنت ابی بکر" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisheja" title="Aisheja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Aisheja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8%DA%AA%D8%B1" title="عائشہ بنت ابوبڪر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عائشہ بنت ابوبڪر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81i%C5%A1a_bint_Ab%C3%AD_Bakr" title="Áiša bint Abí Bakr – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Áiša bint Abí Bakr" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caa%27isha_binti_Abiibakar" title="Caa'isha binti Abiibakar – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Caa'isha binti Abiibakar" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%95" title="عائیشە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="عائیشە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%A1a" title="Aiša – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Aiša" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%A1a" title="Aiša – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aiša" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisyah" title="Aisyah – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Aisyah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%A1a" title="Aiša – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aiša" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B7%E0%AE%BE" title="ஆயிஷா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆயிஷா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%88%D3%99" title="Гайшә – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гайшә" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%8C" title="อาอิชะฮ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาอิชะฮ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80" title="Оиша бинти Абубакр – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оиша бинти Абубакр" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai%C5%9Fe" title="Aişe – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aişe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%97%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Аїша – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аїша" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="عائشہ بنت ابی بکر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عائشہ بنت ابی بکر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B4%DB%95_%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%A8%D9%89_%D8%A8%DB%95%D9%83%D8%B1" title="ئائىشە بىنت ئەبى بەكر – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئائىشە بىنت ئەبى بەكر" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%8E" title="阿伊莎 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿伊莎" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%8E" title="阿伊莎 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿伊莎" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Aisha" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%8E" title="阿伊莎 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿伊莎" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisah" title="Aisah – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Aisah" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> <ul id="footer-icons" class="footer-icons"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" 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<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7ccc697c5f-wg7pz","wgBackendResponseTime":420,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.547","walltime":"1.703","ppvisitednodes":{"value":16632,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":252626,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":20424,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":331501,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1538.028 1 -total"," 23.56% 362.340 80 Template:Cite_book"," 23.21% 356.962 126 Template:Sfn"," 16.46% 253.190 1 Template:Infobox_person"," 11.46% 176.329 2 Template:Reflist"," 6.50% 99.923 1 Template:Lang"," 5.46% 83.973 6 Template:Efn"," 4.59% 70.652 1 Template:Cite_American_Heritage_Dictionary"," 4.44% 68.216 2 Template:Navbox"," 4.30% 66.202 1 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