CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134ed6c190cfd83',cH: 'Vt3TM586bZhM5YYfXRTy5gheAf18BJICPao6kg1Uf78-1739786395-1.2.1.1-1RK8Ji9giGHREfAAnMdRoMtJ4RNgryLMiCzAPIqLkldrgmFFQkdfNJEYU8hY.6Av',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/26712\/nano-mfc-nano-microbial-fuel-cell-utilization-of-carbon-nano-tube-to-increase-efficiency-of-microbial-fuel-cell-power-as-an-effective-efficient-and-environmentally-friendly-alternative-energy-sources?__cf_chl_tk=X.mea5yv5qcwDxE4eXq6msD87.j3cJknaid7rhLYpZA-1739786395-1.0.1.1-kdRxc7jXMNYaFOJS.iHs38qXtb1F4aQ0T2mDbcvs_EQ",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739786395',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/26712\/nano-mfc-nano-microbial-fuel-cell-utilization-of-carbon-nano-tube-to-increase-efficiency-of-microbial-fuel-cell-power-as-an-effective-efficient-and-environmentally-friendly-alternative-energy-sources?__cf_chl_f_tk=X.mea5yv5qcwDxE4eXq6msD87.j3cJknaid7rhLYpZA-1739786395-1.0.1.1-kdRxc7jXMNYaFOJS.iHs38qXtb1F4aQ0T2mDbcvs_EQ",md: "CRFGIRuYGx_CiKlKLweKAg11osVHOtT5KzxcrykoKiQ-1739786395-1.2.1.1-5ANSMqHTxvhvZrPaXCwQ7P4J89TA2P_Qqfa8hhuAfHZ_Y03oo0X6pdbZ22MmvdZ6DZ_owq4dLqihmRywiyfyKZz8IrB2JsjPgmy0zaQVVQv1Ry9LQOVoJWvixZPRK3GgCdBqks5K2hHMIx3MsikpHJbPDQpWgXVejBC6pC_B9lvp2Br_1i9j47RNKJDSwEYwDV_jKNhsvhIzfftmGWLerZg7Bhn2tjD4nJ0gBqXLvfaMcTdf9ll2tu90tQ3cKbu432PqsMbXIcl1nRDeA3rAWnfOi5OwtWa0cw9F9iWxmfHgqDvKlXZGf01CVORk1W_tXQGhGq3P0z998M93vH7Ctj3NgzT8IWbMwmHs6VyboFnzQt6zSxwPe4AJNJWHn.Mpt.Age.PYBi7L0Fu6AoC51oNZa.C8Zi4noz1jhxnI3R_UpoAEiNqsnLZD5TdW0bEi7vYyNn.Ufn.0JJnzmgfIoqgkCXLmSrOlMhC.VMBcLQJNik.oQCFbPdInEy0SiAm_Tk8Vu7YG47CbctzSHMd8NMGVCRtCUv.1kJpg3JJU0bCAbZIw5Wg87ZLCFwCVhjndpIWjviWs_wWPmA0gjExW4LSnw6rlTqhIoiHLG62wwgwqO6R4dJ2K61u4ljHpwdiyFc8yNYi3pDAXfpoFO6Lwb81UjGJ9hERoXLq6Zc2UW36QVcWWjF9VxwDCZarg8bvf1tFU06uFXCZKVrWRwdCO8fzmQoHfi9.fvriOMlupl4NAWmx2Rgzp2taiNZ8TIyKTJDZqoFEB4dRio2vVfr5ZJnegv6iad82W.KHoDd_kfJ.R2nzgwCT4yLNonykZcxCJ7SpWkEgQhJ2Unvx5Vb.RnWPK9fD4NIJwEBF9Wt8e1zQXGxSCUgiq9dLrGXamsq0qOQcmxrzBngUTsGF94KslTz0NubXdiVZYXPmODdQ1YC2s.YW7gFqli2L7Xx3.jBJ5ImoYdorxGfPS97ZLDy5xOuf6_FvEJgp7ghDwONyqBiLMNZJlmVq6SN8TtjIURQJiSA.wLkJCOW72U3ttygcW1EM3bS.mr08HGaayseCs7VBfimvsW04.eI.2BBPuzgNgvN3inmlFS2nm6v17iougcj.riYZZhgzEhzs1w4AbQTWvdV5s0SkAkLVO70GVAaikoYu2eJvOvqfhWxbeRqNv65GZhNThlYQMjILNy8beUrd8sJg0eqWA4N1f8URXNwSLR8RgEavJscofqWmqceZXlNfBZO3Wl5n0vNMccxMVoPX1f6oZFqeguX_hFfmQbMHhhTrE1E6F4L2baYpohwNWPbFMs3bs98dcrHQXSpgvOZtxINE3OhgzM3GpFM0vU9V.j19XBA.2RcSU2TQWpg9RiqEYQrThbfIfvxTHPAW50ACwEyekVrPGhTd4DBX5nl1Y4ZDmztsDjk_GVeEk_xwD.jdzzp74yBDYDOvIEPs1b8efRLM_Yfsy.GzOlx9NOb6x7kx_BLvuExeQQHBy94b8H.qrUeOBTPAI.FCcEfbiblcdBnQjexZhFeKKAFXHYohKTC1VnHiCNzPQxx7fRWf_gWqFitGn75O.EqS1kY0Th.HlwAcayjBVR2B.uBewWFiVFLg0A4tBfdMuFbNhTTV99TMQx7hiSmm7vLEkaxCJNBjFi38pmUdFnwt.TZ98GXby131JT1_UMDYs5dkRzESoDCfG8PX_uqcZ1fkIejiehpBEfc9SrvQyjHCXCi_nNrs2phOytcDlfVT77WcZ3fakD6VowzwrBw9Ms2XKD8RChE50rr.Dj9P6p7QYcJJhRvXrvlm4N_uitS.bJWp7WOWwXF5R9wan9Wfx8Ukcjt26lJgZUtwHDboHehQCE_Gv4a12P8HwCiDR.S2TWR5WfZS16XFNJfUdd_W23VfZ4.nHxE9eKxVaR10wIc7RLs6sKjxXb2qR7zves_523B2FrBzeNGbjbCzHm0kdmSTYQzmJYa.67yk16_OXh_gn_GGWQF.OeT2taXD0FYo6JY_pSm3qmiWNCflJbnOpYvart7JBEADfxDpi_tpYdutStWEfXjnb5OrQqKd45WnQqQTnrmO2UHg7UlebFMeZtNi2O_vygO9WyzpyHwKfnLxKo4V5EAzyQdNtWJ_.kgusIYM_biURQEMp17yljlC6TOguwAnwDbApUlj8.S89o1661vR3ZJLWWQWDytCwH2Xaj4NJD8Hu3jCfbaj_.BNtr_ZQLQ.KGKa0h33wW2EyxdJZEubsA_CZBWng527jl2rQaBo4lamoMJL63BpS5czAZukmK0SaZmhMkmMSSL_CxPe1COO9g6e5vZCJ4h4VrGdu.IP.eHTKvor8y7Cm1AQBHTwxWzlSKfIyuddrMsU_E3bp1wq0AqMX8kLS0nUwEKcAUPvWiJLYyPXYvd4zJrvQhWLcu2EtefCBt.gloejIDXvDh.yqzulj",mdrd: "UdBLg.LfbfvZwdMYlKvKSunVRWVN2nHZSgdeeJ6VIt0-1739786395-1.2.1.1-2Dh.pOUsE8Nm3b9T1Sa41UwrxHs2ovWoOXOaTPlTn.FIcrhhiCPM2WW.TRklYTAfdItLwr_RRDSVNVMrqNc6Ivaw6QPxSxENoX1UiBqygMPu5IiFaCninBIfCYjVve6_o3P2FNYULvfnQuW4GMgaLJbdbCXc.bFsvNXMnI210GQxdDVTrl.K8x9yKHG7kgkgZbFCxCTlippeplbKQjylGn9_JI1O7O4nOeIRC6vw3biES3S4CfCDRnatJ0cxZKWhj1jtHF8iqKITU4vmCAPXEV49R5SJrWYZP4gg6IIIZRq3n8m9VRbecP3zYS9bu0yR9XIZ_FPsKLiMafaZcpaYbt_1lMweiX6ULk.R9_WXC_lBKvUdMN202i7_WLXA4JdT00l3hQF6r4VA2L9Jxnr7pLMN6DhKxQfiQczsYzD7Sn7VEvJ3AHfWFxGo3JqHArvVywhY3T0Kp1qCdt1GCSVjmV78XBR4RuckDUD8PYSaNHXqN79KI7WhH.EzTE_SvnyyVRE.wv7uQ9QicBAiqCCp5O0N3ta6eacdmoQyIaacHk0Cbi0smNymeUtyGMUXDwgjgOfk0sk28TqoZQ68KV.eiROHGmVfzbtEAD3rLno4zHJKq5Omj82n0GdRlJ_vPjg66dpPiSbXOs0O6IFHb5dkv93hUHH.ogFTV_p87YWkQmQxopk1HgJSKOZZ5r45K0LgLyuHR4uOQzFxBJV8KcQ9dUG0bE52NcmC3wOhnjhOql9kJ2M7aJ_1L.atOcarHefQIb6sRsgwTZFN11n6GFbGBEWBQA45fSKxs_tL0v7sr8lg_tSKha6p53giv0Cd4yMrvFa69dlKj.lnNSK1nARxVPaWa4UMTLosYrr2l68vlo9C5sURgVAepZG..7MdG.thqY4imwCL573rq14bxazbZEWhEAcgp7k3r7faplvuvF19NRwLnUSH74DKv1Qwb6KqqPhMoQJ23qyisZwRS.VLSi4hUZQhrqy7Bt27PWXGuh4EDlOUiDmjhzejU5yD73yN6X.XdFo1DQFnaXsNdjmDWovBtPijZlg2sqAwKrOHMiUaoI0Pa1ZzAFCpVVVIiMd1NMkxUi_EmI6hfv6IXTQ11fw2rZROO.k.UWn5gC.Kh5TXw.ioXzs_g6uUavDh5mPRx3d4DdDbbpXUCVjJS96Gh769pIwpwy1IhDkbMSjSOa1IMtSTrgv0e4LnHN34w0xtZF3mbUPpTjusL3yr8J3LDQ.jvR6bgiyc9YW13.oeXKaC3L7fL5Eo3YFDXXrJxaffJ4qtnU1CCa9gUl4NVqsv6OYla4373fOAtIN05JxA2tmEh_TvSvVr1Z6r5rm4D.Z.BS7HPMKjIgyIQM30ARfJ2tIgvcjEyqIU_oWC5JIGsE3n0suCOt2VQN28my.on7bi3oh3Xgupz_5SEXTdCpGKSF0tIwd42AyszViB8x9IYWLIFV94XR3e176xG8avB_QD6HrU6ZiCEjqxlnjyhz_9yWfAZUq.ZfzPOKYlhbryeYg5KsT.J46Xucybv1MyNGKbr3LC6WZ4BjoJrQBPxUq4gxOVzL4QfRLL_ybEKEYuxABHchz3zg497Aa3EIUo1H9VEj5r.tomSQBSPWVwWRfhtGTYPbeBsoUKDXHk8PmgNQxOLRyGqE_gQBpWzBA8rBzMuDK5HNmyhR1XCIIzaDrUOU6HDMVcpoFnQgkFOgdzsO7Bqq83m16Vzpic1X9BZXlCpH.eXOF0Gf_xJ2WP80Dl1x..NWN1RG1ScDSfaXlPXXErvm.2EVM90_pO.ODCrCA5nSEBIb4zzYSBtRiYzipNX6v6vc6WGGiX9eDrHK7OUMP.XnNdFFHHb7m0fwfZ_82mgnjmjyXE2jwn0k.RDdJpb9T5z_uuaD54BmljwSYc1VZG3Q.17LRiH66tkuXCgDsBIvbinnz2akHfZOcEKDAAzvanguS4w8F4x2WrMw9wld19sK1amQlOCoHy68QKfTMX"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134ed6c190cfd83';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/26712\/nano-mfc-nano-microbial-fuel-cell-utilization-of-carbon-nano-tube-to-increase-efficiency-of-microbial-fuel-cell-power-as-an-effective-efficient-and-environmentally-friendly-alternative-energy-sources?__cf_chl_rt_tk=X.mea5yv5qcwDxE4eXq6msD87.j3cJknaid7rhLYpZA-1739786395-1.0.1.1-kdRxc7jXMNYaFOJS.iHs38qXtb1F4aQ0T2mDbcvs_EQ" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>