CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K3VH62X');</script>  <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization | Cleantech Group</title> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.cleantech.com/xmlrpc.php"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization | Cleantech Group" /> <meta property="og:description" content="There are over 60 million tons of hydrogen produced annually, worth almost $100 billion dollars. Today, 80% of the hydrogen we produce is for..." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Cleantech Group" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2018-12-13T23:56:57+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-07-18T10:21:14+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/biology-blur-blurred-background-954585-1024x1024.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1024" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1024" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="Louis Brasington" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@CleantechGroup" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@CleantechGroup" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Louis Brasington" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="8 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/"},"author":{"name":"Louis Brasington","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#/schema/person/c96c4a249fc45ed98135b75da10e69d8"},"headline":"The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization","datePublished":"2018-12-13T23:56:57+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-18T10:21:14+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/"},"wordCount":1481,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/biology-blur-blurred-background-954585.jpg","keywords":["Carbon Emissions","Hydrogen in Energy"],"articleSection":["Advanced Materials","Carbon","Cleantech Insights","Energy & Power"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/","url":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/","name":"The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization | Cleantech Group","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/biology-blur-blurred-background-954585.jpg","datePublished":"2018-12-13T23:56:57+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-18T10:21:14+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/biology-blur-blurred-background-954585.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/biology-blur-blurred-background-954585.jpg","width":3456,"height":3456},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.cleantech.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Perspectives","item":"https://www.cleantech.com/perspectives/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#website","url":"https://www.cleantech.com/","name":"Cleantech Group","description":"Championing Sustainable Innovation, Catalyzing Business Opportunities","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.cleantech.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#organization","name":"Cleantech Group","url":"https://www.cleantech.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Cleantech_Group_Logo.png","contentUrl":"https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Cleantech_Group_Logo.png","width":1875,"height":525,"caption":"Cleantech Group"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://x.com/CleantechGroup"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#/schema/person/c96c4a249fc45ed98135b75da10e69d8","name":"Louis Brasington","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.cleantech.com/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/LOUISPNGsmall-square-for-upload-200x199.png","contentUrl":"https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/LOUISPNGsmall-square-for-upload-200x199.png","caption":"Louis Brasington"},"description":"An Energy & Power Analyst, Louis provides insights into the changing roles of energy companies and consumers and the uptake of new energy technologies and business models.","url":"https://www.cleantech.com/author/louis-brasington/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//code.jquery.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Cleantech Group » Feed" href="https://www.cleantech.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Cleantech Group » Comments Feed" href="https://www.cleantech.com/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Cleantech Group » The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization Comments Feed" href="https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.cleantech.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='popup-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/cleantech_popup/css/popup.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cpsh-shortcodes-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/column-shortcodes//assets/css/shortcodes.css?ver=1.0.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css?ver=4.7.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-frontend-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/css/frontend.min.css?ver=4.15.16' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-flatpickr-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/flatpickr/flatpickr.min.css?ver=4.15.16' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-select2-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/select2/select2.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='search-filter-plugin-styles-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/search-filter-pro/public/assets/css/search-filter.min.css?ver=2.5.19' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cleantech-styles-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/themes/cleantech/css/main.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cleantech-styles-new-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/themes/cleantech/2016-homepage/styles/style.css?ver=1.12.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-default-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/tablepress-combined.min.css?ver=181' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-responsive-tables-css' href='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/tablepress-responsive-tables/css/tablepress-responsive.min.css?ver=1.8' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="popup-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ajax = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.cleantech.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/cleantech_popup/js/popup.js?ver=6.6.2" id="popup-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/flatpickr/flatpickr.min.js?ver=4.15.16" id="ppress-flatpickr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/select2/select2.min.js?ver=4.15.16" id="ppress-select2-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="search-filter-plugin-build-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var SF_LDATA = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.cleantech.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","home_url":"https:\/\/www.cleantech.com\/","extensions":[]}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/search-filter-pro/public/assets/js/search-filter-build.min.js?ver=2.5.19" id="search-filter-plugin-build-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/search-filter-pro/public/assets/js/chosen.jquery.min.js?ver=2.5.19" id="search-filter-plugin-chosen-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.1.js?ver=1.11.1" id="cleantech-jquery-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.11.0/jquery-ui.js?ver=1.11.0" id="cleantech-jqueryui-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/themes/cleantech/i3content/charts/highcharts.js" id="ctg-i3-highcharts-js-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/20277" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.cleantech.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.cleantech.com/?p=20277' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleantech.com%2Fthe-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleantech.com%2Fthe-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization%2F&format=xml" /> <style> .scroll-back-to-top-wrapper { position: fixed; opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; z-index: 99999999; background-color: #777777; color: #eeeeee; width: 50px; height: 48px; line-height: 48px; right: 30px; bottom: 30px; padding-top: 2px; border-top-left-radius: 10px; border-top-right-radius: 10px; border-bottom-right-radius: 10px; border-bottom-left-radius: 10px; -webkit-transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out; -moz-transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out; -ms-transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out; -o-transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out; } .scroll-back-to-top-wrapper:hover { background-color: #888888; color: #eeeeee; } .scroll-back-to-top-wrapper.show { visibility:visible; cursor:pointer; opacity: 1.0; } .scroll-back-to-top-wrapper i.fa { line-height: inherit; } .scroll-back-to-top-wrapper .fa-lg { vertical-align: 0; } </style> <meta name="generator" content="Elementor 3.24.7; features: additional_custom_breakpoints; settings: css_print_method-external, google_font-enabled, font_display-auto"> <style type="text/css">.recentcomments a{display:inline !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}</style> <style> .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } @media screen and (max-height: 1024px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } @media screen and (max-height: 640px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } </style> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> body .events-content-area .event-navigation ul li a { padding: 10px 10px; } </style> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-20277 single-format-standard no-js group-blog elementor-default elementor-kit-27872">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-K3VH62X" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <div id="page" class="hfeed site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header wrapper" role="banner"> <input type="checkbox" name="mobile-toggle" id="mobile-toggle"> <label for="mobile-toggle">Mobile Toggle</label> <nav id="mobile-navigation" class="mobile-navigation" role="navigation"> <a href="https://i3connect.com/" class="i3signin">i3 SIGN IN</a> <div class="menu-primary-links-container"><ul id="menu-primary-links" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-59867" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-59867"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/research/">Research</a></li> <li id="menu-item-59869" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-59869"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/consulting/">Consulting</a></li> <li id="menu-item-21737" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-21737"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/events/upcoming-events/">Events</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-39479" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39479"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/event/cleantech-forum-na/">Cleantech Forum North America</a></li> <li id="menu-item-42232" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42232"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/event/cleantech-forum-asia/">Cleantech Forum Asia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35743" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-35743"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/event/cleantech-forum-europe/">Cleantech Forum Europe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7938" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7938"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/events/upcoming-events/">Upcoming Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7937" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7937"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/events/previous-events/">Previous Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-40749" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type_archive menu-item-object-cleantech-events menu-item-40749"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/cleantech-events/">Cleantech Group at Events</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-59870" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-59870"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/advocacy/">Advocacy</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="menu-secondary-links-container"><ul id="menu-secondary-links" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-60725" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-60725"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/who-we-help/">Who We Help</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-14161" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14161"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/clients/">Clients</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60613" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60613"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/corporations/">Corporations</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60670" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60670"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/investors/">Investors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60677" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60677"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/financial-professional-services/">Financial & Professional Services</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60706" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60706"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/government-public-sector/">Government & Public Sector</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60636" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60636"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/foundations-nonprofits/">Foundations & Nonprofits</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60718" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60718"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/innovators/">Innovators</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-50" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-50"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-48731" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48731"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/">About Cleantech Group</a></li> <li id="menu-item-50212" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50212"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/the-cleantech-group-taxonomy/">Our Taxonomy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7648" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7648"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/team-board-of-directors-advisors/">Our Team</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9776" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9776"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/advisory-board/">Advisory Board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45306" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-45306"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/careers/">Careers</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-48" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-48"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/indexes/">Awards/Programs</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-38017" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-38017"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/the-global-cleantech-100/">The Global Cleantech 100</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35130" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-35130"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/50towatch/">Cleantech 50 to Watch</a></li> <li id="menu-item-19088" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-19088"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.cleantech.com/apac-cleantech-25/">APAC Cleantech 25</a></li> <li id="menu-item-61709" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61709"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/latam-cleantech-25/">LATAM Cleantech 25</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-47696" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-47696"><a href="#">Knowledge Center</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-57707" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-57707"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/webinars/">Webinars</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47581" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent menu-item-47581"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/perspectives/">Perspectives Blog</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9639" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9639"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/press-releases/">In the News & Press Releases</a></li> <li id="menu-item-21796" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21796"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/cleantech-newsletter-signup/?utm_campaign=Newsletter22&utm_medium=Homepage&utm_source=CTG">Newsletter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-59504" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-59504"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/innovation-challenge-hub/">Innovation Challenge Hub</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-50168" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50168"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/contact-us/">Contact</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> <div class="contained"> <div class="site-branding"> <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/" rel="home"><h1 class="site-title">Cleantech Group</h1></a> </div> <div class="header-login"> <div class="form header-form"> <a href="/perspectives/" class="button" style="padding: 5px 11px 4px !important; line-height: 1.5; margin-right: 20px;">Our blog</a> <a href="https://i3connect.com/" target="_blank" class="button" style="padding: 5px 11px 4px !important; line-height: 1.5;">Sign In to i3</a> <div class="site-search content"> <button class="search-toggle reset" id="search-toggle" name="Search toggle" aria-label="Search toggle"> <i class="fa fa-search"></i> </button> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.cleantech.com/"> <input type="text" class="search-field" placeholder="Search website..." onfocus="this.placeholder = ''" onblur="this.placeholder = 'Search website...'" value="" name="s" title="Search:"/> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-menu-container"> <div class="contained"> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation contained narrow-menu" role="navigation"> <div class="menu-primary-links-container"><ul id="menu-primary-links-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-59867"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/research/">Research</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-59869"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/consulting/">Consulting</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-21737"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/events/upcoming-events/">Events</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39479"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/event/cleantech-forum-na/">Cleantech Forum North America</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42232"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/event/cleantech-forum-asia/">Cleantech Forum Asia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-35743"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/event/cleantech-forum-europe/">Cleantech Forum Europe</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7938"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/events/upcoming-events/">Upcoming Events</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7937"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/events/previous-events/">Previous Events</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type_archive menu-item-object-cleantech-events menu-item-40749"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/cleantech-events/">Cleantech Group at Events</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-59870"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/advocacy/">Advocacy</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="menu-secondary-links-container"><ul id="menu-secondary-links-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-60725"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/who-we-help/">Who We Help</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14161"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/clients/">Clients</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60613"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/corporations/">Corporations</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60670"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/investors/">Investors</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60677"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/financial-professional-services/">Financial & Professional Services</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60706"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/government-public-sector/">Government & Public Sector</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60636"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/foundations-nonprofits/">Foundations & Nonprofits</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-60718"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/innovators/">Innovators</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-50"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48731"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/">About Cleantech Group</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50212"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/the-cleantech-group-taxonomy/">Our Taxonomy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7648"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/team-board-of-directors-advisors/">Our Team</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9776"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/advisory-board/">Advisory Board</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-45306"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/careers/">Careers</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-48"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/indexes/">Awards/Programs</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-38017"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/the-global-cleantech-100/">The Global Cleantech 100</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-35130"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/50towatch/">Cleantech 50 to Watch</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-19088"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.cleantech.com/apac-cleantech-25/">APAC Cleantech 25</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61709"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/latam-cleantech-25/">LATAM Cleantech 25</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-47696"><a href="#">Knowledge Center</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-57707"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/webinars/">Webinars</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent menu-item-47581"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/perspectives/">Perspectives Blog</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9639"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/about/press-releases/">In the News & Press Releases</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21796"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/cleantech-newsletter-signup/?utm_campaign=Newsletter22&utm_medium=Homepage&utm_source=CTG">Newsletter</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-59504"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/innovation-challenge-hub/">Innovation Challenge Hub</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50168"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/contact-us/">Contact</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> <div class="progress-container"> <div class="progress-bar" id="scrollBar"></div> </div> <section class="wrapper blog-single-container"> <div id="content-listener"> <header class="blog-single-container__header"> <div class="blog-single-container__header-img" style="background-image: url(https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/biology-blur-blurred-background-954585.jpg);"></div> </header> <article id="post-20277" class="contained blog-single content-listener post-20277 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-advanced-materials category-carbon category-cleantech-insights category-energy-power tag-carbon-emissions tag-hydrogen-in-energy"> <div class="row"> <div class="col9 blog-single-container__post-body"> <div class="post-meta"> <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/sector-insights/advanced-materials/" rel="category tag">Advanced Materials</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/sector-insights/carbon/" rel="category tag">Carbon</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/cleantech-insights/" rel="category tag">Cleantech Insights</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/energy-power/" rel="category tag">Energy & Power</a> | 13 December 2018 </div> <h1>The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization</h1> <p>There are over 60 million tons of hydrogen <a href="https://northerngasnetworks.co.uk/h21-noe/H21-NoE-23Nov18-v1.0.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">produced annually</a>, worth almost $100 billion dollars. Today, 80% of the hydrogen we produce is for three main industries: refineries, ammonia production or metal processing.</p> <p>Hydrogen also has the potential to be used as fuel for power and transportation. It generates zero emissions at point of use and can be produced from low-carbon electricity or from carbon-abated fossil fuels. The annual demand for hydrogen could increase tenfold by 2050 – from 8 EJ in 2015 to almost 80 EJ in 2050 (see figure 1 courtesy of the <a href="http://hydrogencouncil.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Hydrogen-scaling-up-Hydrogen-Council.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Hydrogen Council</a>).</p> <figure id="attachment_20279" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-20279" style="width: 583px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="wp-image-20279 size-full" src="https://ctgillc.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Hydrogen_demand_potential.png" alt="Hydrogen, carbon, renewables market" width="583" height="308" srcset="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Hydrogen_demand_potential.png 583w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Hydrogen_demand_potential-300x158.png 300w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Hydrogen_demand_potential-200x106.png 200w" sizes="(max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px" /><figcaption id="caption-attachment-20279" class="wp-caption-text">Figure 1 Shows the potential demand for hydrogen.</figcaption></figure> <p><strong>Hydrogen and the Auto Industry</strong></p> <p>Hyundai Motor and Yield Capital <a href="http://www.finsmes.com/2018/11/hyundai-and-btirdi-establish-hydrogen-energy-fund.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">plan</a> to raise $100 million for a Hydrogen Energy Fund, predicting that numerous new hydrogen startups will come about over the coming years. This summer, France announced $117 million of funds dedicated to deployment of hydrogen in industry, mobility and energy, recognizing that “H2 can become one of the pillars of a carbon-neutral energy model”. Japan also has one of the most progressive plans for the use of Hydrogen for fuel-cell vehicles (FCEV), given their <a href="https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/nagashima_japan_hydrogen_2018_.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">strategy</a> of aiming to build out the Hydrogen High Way with hundreds of hydrogen fueling station. They plan to halve the cost of building a hydrogen fueling station by 2020</p> <p><strong>Green Hydrogen Production</strong></p> <p>To achieve net-zero CO2 emission targets, global hydrogen production needs to rise from about 60 million tons a year to 500-700 million tons by mid-century, without considering rapid uptake of Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). Coupling hydrogen production with renewables is a viable path to achieve this. In fact, 95% of today’s global production of hydrogen is from carbon-based CO2 emitting methods: natural gas steam methane reforming (SMR) and coal gasification.</p> <figure id="attachment_20280" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-20280" style="width: 530px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-20280 " src="https://ctgillc.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Hydrogen_production_stage.png" alt="Green Hydrogen market" width="530" height="326" srcset="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Hydrogen_production_stage.png 560w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Hydrogen_production_stage-300x185.png 300w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Hydrogen_production_stage-200x123.png 200w" sizes="(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px" /><figcaption id="caption-attachment-20280" class="wp-caption-text">Figure 2: Green hydrogen’s technology maturity, courtesy of IRENA.</figcaption></figure> <p><strong>The Economic Case for Production</strong></p> <p>Producing low-carbon hydrogen cost-effectively remains one of the key barriers for wide-scale hydrogen system deployment. Outside of carbon-based generation, water electrolysis remains the current frontrunner, despite still only accounting for around 4% of global hydrogen production. With the increased capacity of renewables on the grid, low-carbon electricity may make economic sense, in some markets, to transform hydrogen to power. Two frontrunner electrolysis technologies exist: Alkaline and PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolysis. Alkaline technology is mature and lower-cost, having been used since the 1920s to produce hydrogen centrally in large quantities. PEM technology is newer and characterized by higher efficiencies, a smaller footprint and a better capacity to operate under flexible, decentralized operations.</p> <p><strong>PEM for Green Production</strong></p> <p>PEM is now approaching technical maturity and economies of scale for operation on a megawatt basis. Commercial deployment has started in several regions of the world (Japan, California and Europe). One of the biggest PEM projects underway is <a href="https://www.fch.europa.eu/news/h2future-build-europes-largest-electrolysis-plants-green-hydrogen" target="_blank" rel="noopener">H2FUTURE</a> in Linz, Austria which is due for completion early 2019. Green hydrogen will be produced from a 6 MW PEM electrolysis system, developed by Siemens, with the goal of achieving 80% efficiency in converting electricity into hydrogen. The hydrogen produced at Voestalpine’s steel manufacturing site, will be used for demand side management, helping to compensate for power fluctuations in an increasingly volatile power supply, enabling higher shares of wind and solar energy on the grid. It will also be fed directly into the various stage of steel production, replacing carbon-based feedstock for heating, power and and feedstock requirements. This industrial application could be key for realizing full decarbonization of the steel industry, which today accounts for 4% of global emissions.</p> <p><strong>Renewable Power-to-Hydrogen – The Bigger Opportunity </strong></p> <p>The H2FUTURE project touches on the wider potential for electrolysis’ when technology is developed for point-of-use application. Built-in storage capacity of downstream sectors can be used as a buffer to adjust hydrogen production – and hence electricity consumption in real-time – depending on the needs of the power system, absorb variable renewable energy (VRE) possibly over long periods and allow for seasonal storage. Ultimately, this creates a market opportunity for onsite hydrogen that cannot be served from battery technology. Figure 3 demonstrates how integration of electrolysis combined with VRE can facilitate coupling between electricity and buildings, transport and industry.</p> <p><strong>Solid-Oxide Electrolysis (SOEC)</strong></p> <p>SOEC, is a newer electrolysis technology that works at high temperatures typically between 500 and 850 °, and has the potential of superior efficiencies than ALK and PEM. <a href="https://i3connect.com/company/sunfire">Sunfire</a>, is a SOEC startup substantially down the commercialization path, and a four-time <a href="https://i3connect.com/gct100">GCT100</a> <a href="https://i3connect.com/gct100">company</a>. The company is developing solutions to produce renewable synthetic fuels, and is starting to deploy energy service solutions for different industry applications. The <a href="https://www.sunfire.de/en/company/press/detail/the-grinhy-project-green-hydrogen-for-steelworks">GrinHy</a> project is integrating Sunfire’s modular electrolyzers into industrial processes at a steelworks, to be stackable up to the megawatt scale.</p> <figure id="attachment_20281" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-20281" style="width: 595px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-20281 size-full" src="https://ctgillc.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sector_coupling.png" alt="hydrogen, energy uses" width="595" height="314" srcset="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sector_coupling.png 595w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sector_coupling-300x158.png 300w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sector_coupling-200x106.png 200w" sizes="(max-width: 595px) 100vw, 595px" /><figcaption id="caption-attachment-20281" class="wp-caption-text">Figure 3 Shows the integration of VRE in end uses by means of hydrogen, courtesy of IRENA</figcaption></figure> <p>The technology’s reversible, dual-mode system can be used either as an electrolyzer for green hydrogen production at 80% electrical efficiency, or as a fuel cell, where the system creates heat which can be fed back into the steelworks and the electricity used for grid stabilization.</p> <p><strong>Emerging New Technology</strong></p> <p>Some alternative electrolysis technologies that address existing challenges with current methods are coming onto the market. For example, Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM) electrolysis combines benefits of both Alkaline and PEM, while simultaneously overcoming drawbacks. AEM is low-cost, energy efficient, can use rain or tap water, and is stackable, meaning it can be easily applied at any scale. Founded last year, <a href="https://i3connect.com/company/enapter" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Enapter</a> is commercializing an AEM electrolyzer technology that has been in development for seven years. The startup is also one of the first to develop a priority energy management system, enabling integration of modular hydrogen systems into the grid.</p> <p>Cost-efficient, scalable distributed resource management systems are vital in today’s energy market, helping to capture the highest value from distributed assets as they integrate with current networks and markets. Today, not many players have tried to create connected energy management systems. If players can accelerate the rate at which low-cost, efficient hydrogen system can be part of the DER transition, and hydrogen integrated Smart grid systems could can come in play as early as 2020. Enapter wants to run commercial-scale mass-production of their EMS in combination with AEM systems from next year across the globe.</p> <p><strong>The Business Case for Green Hydrogen</strong></p> <p>The business case for hydrogen using VRE in off-grid settings remains challenging. Rapid scaling up is now needed to achieve the necessary cost reductions and ensure the economic viability of hydrogen as a long-term enabler of the energy transition.</p> <p>Progressive deployment requires ramping up of a hydrogen supply chain, including additional capacity for distribution. Today the cost and safety of hydrogen transport remains a key barrier. On-site generation solves for point-of-use applications, but ultimately hydrogen needs a means to be transported at ease to for its other markets. The UK’s <a href="https://northerngasnetworks.co.uk/h21-noe/H21-NoE-23Nov18-v1.0.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">H21 Project</a> is a promising project sets out a strategy to rollout hydrogen conversion across the North of the UK, which ultimately achieves deep decarbonization of the whole of the UK with three steps. First just heat, then heat and power and finally removal of 83.5% of the CO2 required to be removed from the country’s emissions to meet its 2050 target. The project will demand sustained commitments from public and private stakeholders, with the total CAPEX cost of system conversion for H21 NOE has been assessed to be around $28.6 billion, with a per annum OPEX of $1.2 billion.</p> <p> </p> <figure id="attachment_20293" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-20293" style="width: 477px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-20293 size-full" src="https://ctgillc.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/H21NOE-1.png" alt="h21 project, h1" width="477" height="254" srcset="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/H21NOE-1.png 477w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/H21NOE-1-300x160.png 300w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/H21NOE-1-200x106.png 200w" sizes="(max-width: 477px) 100vw, 477px" /><figcaption id="caption-attachment-20293" class="wp-caption-text">Figure 4 shows the initial phase of the H21 Project, courtesy of H21</figcaption></figure> <p>The report foresees a future where hydrogen could be used to balance global renewable energy requirements: “Countries with vast renewable excess, for example Australia, a continent with 24 million people, could trade green energy in the form of hydrogen shipped as ammonia with countries with renewable shortages, for example the UK with 66 million people.”</p> <p>May of the leading players including Air Liquide are starting to deploy large-scale hydrogen infrastructure, driven by the need to meet the fuel demands of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs). New players such as <a href="https://i3connect.com/company/h2go-power">H2GO Power</a> are developing solid-state hydrogen storage, directing addressing safety and efficiency loss concerns with compression and liquidation, and are looking to finish a pilot project next summer. Australia’s Project H2GO, <a href="https://www.energy-storage.news/news/australia-pilots-using-renewables-to-produce-hydrogen-for-long-term-energy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">announced</a> in October, is also using renewables to produce hydrogen for long-term energy storage in the Sydney Gas network.</p> <p><strong>Hydrogen’s Challenge:</strong></p> <p>Widespread uptake of hydrogen requires large CAPEX risks for financiers of structural development. Costs need to continue to reduce for megawatt scale electrolysis if green hydrogen can replace carbon-based hydrogen for industrial feedstock applications. Focused, predictable energy policy is needed from all participating governments in order to provide the long-term stability needed for large investments into hydrogen. Local community acceptance barriers exist around establishing infrastructure and overcoming the perception of safety.</p> <p><a href="http://ctgillc.wpengine.com/the-global-cleantech-100/?utm_campaign=GCT%20100%2019%20campaign%20page&utm_medium=Button&utm_source=blog">Meet the companies working toward a low-carbon future</a></p> <div class="blog-single__share"> <a href="JavaScript:newPopup('http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/&text=The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization by Louis Brasington - ');" class="twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a href="JavaScript:newPopup('https://www.linkedin.com/cws/share?url=https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/');" class="linkedin"><i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a href="mailto:?subject=&body=https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/" class="mailto"><i class="fa fa-envelope" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="col3"> <div class="post-author"> <img data-del="avatar" alt="Louis Brasington" src='https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/LOUISPNGsmall-square-for-upload-200x199.png' class='avatar pp-user-avatar avatar-128 photo ' height='128' width='128'/> <h4>About <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/author/louis-brasington/">Louis Brasington</a></h4> <h5></h5> <p>An Energy & Power Analyst, Louis provides insights into the changing roles of energy companies and consumers and the uptake of new energy technologies and business models.</p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <section class="blog-container blog-single-container__more-posts"> <div class="contained"> <div class="row"> <div class="col12"> <h2>People who read this also read...</h2> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col4"> <article class="blog-container__post post-61842 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-cleantech-insights category-materials-chemicals tag-agriculture tag-pfas tag-textiles" id="post-61842"> <div class="inner"> <h3><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/cleantech-insights/" rel="category tag">Cleantech Insights</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/materials-chemicals/" rel="category tag">Materials & Chemicals</a></h3> <h2><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/alternatives-to-pfas-in-textiles-and-agriculture/">Alternatives to PFAS in Textiles and Agriculture</a></h2> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="post-meta__name"> <i class="fa fa-user"></i> <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/author/parker-boveecleantech-com/">Parker Bovee</a> </div> <div class="post-meta__date"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 6 days ago </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-image"> <img width="300" height="169" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SOCIALS-7-300x169.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SOCIALS-7-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SOCIALS-7-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SOCIALS-7-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SOCIALS-7-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SOCIALS-7-200x113.jpg 200w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SOCIALS-7.jpg 1600w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </div> </article> </div> <div class="col4"> <article class="blog-container__post post-61739 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-agriculture-food category-cleantech-insights category-materials-chemicals category-recent-deals category-resources-environmental-management category-transportation-and-logistics category-waste-recycling tag-cleantech-investment tag-recent-deals" id="post-61739"> <div class="inner"> <h3><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/agriculture-food/" rel="category tag">Agriculture & Food</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/cleantech-insights/" rel="category tag">Cleantech Insights</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/materials-chemicals/" rel="category tag">Materials & Chemicals</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/recent-deals/" rel="category tag">Recent Deals</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/resources-environmental-management/" rel="category tag">Resources & Environmental Management</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/transportation-and-logistics/" rel="category tag">Transportation & Logistics</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/waste-recycling/" rel="category tag">Waste & Recycling</a></h3> <h2><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/recent-deals-19-november/">Recent Deals – 19 November</a></h2> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="post-meta__name"> <i class="fa fa-user"></i> <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/author/arianna-bernas/">Arianna Bernas</a> </div> <div class="post-meta__date"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 1 week ago </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-image"> <img width="300" height="169" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Driving-Cleantech-Innovation_-The-Power-of-Ecosystems-2-300x169.gif" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Driving-Cleantech-Innovation_-The-Power-of-Ecosystems-2-300x169.gif 300w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Driving-Cleantech-Innovation_-The-Power-of-Ecosystems-2-768x432.gif 768w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Driving-Cleantech-Innovation_-The-Power-of-Ecosystems-2-1024x576.gif 1024w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Driving-Cleantech-Innovation_-The-Power-of-Ecosystems-2-1536x864.gif 1536w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Driving-Cleantech-Innovation_-The-Power-of-Ecosystems-2-200x113.gif 200w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Driving-Cleantech-Innovation_-The-Power-of-Ecosystems-2.gif 1600w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </div> </article> </div> <div class="col4"> <article class="blog-container__post post-61371 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-cleantech-insights category-companies tag-apac tag-asia-pacific tag-cleantech tag-climate-tech tag-innovation" id="post-61371"> <div class="inner"> <h3><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/cleantech-insights/" rel="category tag">Cleantech Insights</a>, <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/category/companies/" rel="category tag">Companies</a></h3> <h2><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/postcard-perspectives-from-the-asia-pacific-region/">Postcard Perspectives from the Asia-Pacific Region</a></h2> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="post-meta__name"> <i class="fa fa-user"></i> <a href="https://www.cleantech.com/author/richard-youngman/">Richard Youngman</a> </div> <div class="post-meta__date"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 2 weeks ago </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-image"> <img width="300" height="169" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Copy-of-SOCIALS-1-300x169.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Copy-of-SOCIALS-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Copy-of-SOCIALS-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Copy-of-SOCIALS-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Copy-of-SOCIALS-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Copy-of-SOCIALS-1-200x113.jpg 200w, https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Copy-of-SOCIALS-1.jpg 1600w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </section> </section> </main>  <script> // When the user scrolls the page, execute myFunction window.onscroll = function() {mySrollHighlight()}; function mySrollHighlight() { var winScroll = document.body.scrollTop || document.documentElement.scrollTop; var height = document.getElementById("content-listener").offsetHeight - document.documentElement.clientHeight; var scrolled = (winScroll / height) * 100; document.getElementById("scrollBar").style.width = scrolled + "%"; } function newPopup(url) { popupWindow = window.open( url,'popUpWindow','height=450,width=600,left=100,top=100,resizable=no,scrollbars=no,toolbar=no,menubar=no,location=no,directories=no,status=yes') } </script> </div> <script> $("#i3Chart").highcharts({ chart: { height: 300 } }); </script> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="wrapper site-info"> <div class="contained"> <div class="row"> <div class="col8"> CTG:I LLC <div class="menu-footer-container"><ul id="menu-footer" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-17" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-17"><a href="https://tech2.cleantech.com/contactus">San Francisco</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18"><a href="https://tech2.cleantech.com/contactus">London</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45305" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-45305"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/careers/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47582" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-47582"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/cleantech-newsletter-signup/">Newsletter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7071" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7071"><a href="https://tech2.cleantech.com/contactus">Contact Us</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="col4"> <ul class="social-icons"> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/cleantech-group" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/linkedin.svg" alt="LinkedIn icon"></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/CleantechGroup" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/square-twitter.svg" alt="Twitter icon"></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@CTGchannel" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/square-youtube.svg" alt="YouTube icon"></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="base contained"> © Copyright 2024 CTG:1 LLC - All Rights Reserved. <div class="menu-base-links-container"><ul id="menu-base-links" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-12" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/terms-of-use/">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13"><a href="https://www.cleantech.com/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div class="scroll-back-to-top-wrapper"> <span class="scroll-back-to-top-inner"> <i class="fa fa-2x fa-chevron-up"></i> </span> </div> <script type='text/javascript'> const lazyloadRunObserver = () => { const lazyloadBackgrounds = document.querySelectorAll( `.e-con.e-parent:not(.e-lazyloaded)` ); const lazyloadBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver( ( entries ) => { entries.forEach( ( entry ) => { if ( entry.isIntersecting ) { let lazyloadBackground = entry.target; if( lazyloadBackground ) { lazyloadBackground.classList.add( 'e-lazyloaded' ); } lazyloadBackgroundObserver.unobserve( entry.target ); } }); }, { rootMargin: '200px 0px 200px 0px' } ); lazyloadBackgrounds.forEach( ( lazyloadBackground ) => { lazyloadBackgroundObserver.observe( lazyloadBackground ); } ); }; const events = [ 'DOMContentLoaded', 'elementor/lazyload/observe', ]; events.forEach( ( event ) => { document.addEventListener( event, lazyloadRunObserver ); } ); </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="disqus_count-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var countVars = {"disqusShortname":"cleantechgroup"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/disqus-comment-system/public/js/comment_count.js?ver=3.1.1" id="disqus_count-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="disqus_embed-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var embedVars = {"disqusConfig":{"integration":"wordpress 3.1.1"},"disqusIdentifier":"20277 http:\/\/ctgillc.wpengine.com\/?p=20277","disqusShortname":"cleantechgroup","disqusTitle":"The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization","disqusUrl":"https:\/\/www.cleantech.com\/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization\/","postId":"20277"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/disqus-comment-system/public/js/comment_embed.js?ver=3.1.1" id="disqus_embed-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="scroll-back-to-top-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var scrollBackToTop = {"scrollDuration":"500","fadeDuration":"0.5"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/scroll-back-to-top/assets/js/scroll-back-to-top.js" id="scroll-back-to-top-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="ppress-frontend-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var pp_ajax_form = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.cleantech.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","confirm_delete":"Are you sure?","deleting_text":"Deleting...","deleting_error":"An error occurred. Please try again.","nonce":"b125dbfa5f","disable_ajax_form":"false","is_checkout":"0","is_checkout_tax_enabled":"0","is_checkout_autoscroll_enabled":"true"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=4.15.16" id="ppress-frontend-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/datepicker.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-datepicker-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jquery-ui-datepicker-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ jQuery(function(jQuery){jQuery.datepicker.setDefaults({"closeText":"Close","currentText":"Today","monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Previous","dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"dateFormat":"MM d, yy","firstDay":0,"isRTL":false});}); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-content/themes/cleantech/scripts.js?ver=1.0.0" id="cleantech-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.cleantech.com/wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="comment-reply-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script>  <script type="text/javascript" id="hs-script-loader" async defer src="//js-na1.hs-scripts.com/21242328.js"></script>  <script> // SITE SEARCH $('#search-toggle').on('click', function() { $(this).siblings().slideToggle(); }); </script> </body> </html>