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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010_electoral_reform_and_splits_(2010–2016)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>2010 electoral reform and splits (2010–2016)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010_electoral_reform_and_splits_(2010–2016)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ousted_from_Legislative_Council_and_further_political_developments_(2016–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ousted_from_Legislative_Council_and_further_political_developments_(2016–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Ousted from Legislative Council and further political developments (2016–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ousted_from_Legislative_Council_and_further_political_developments_(2016–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arrest_of_Leung_Kwok-hung_and_Jimmy_Sham_under_national_security_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arrest_of_Leung_Kwok-hung_and_Jimmy_Sham_under_national_security_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Arrest of Leung Kwok-hung and Jimmy Sham under national security law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arrest_of_Leung_Kwok-hung_and_Jimmy_Sham_under_national_security_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boycott_of_2021_legislative_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boycott_of_2021_legislative_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Boycott of 2021 legislative election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boycott_of_2021_legislative_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performance_in_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performance_in_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Performance in elections</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Performance_in_elections-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Performance in elections subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Performance_in_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chief_Executive_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chief_Executive_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Chief Executive elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chief_Executive_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_Council_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_Council_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Legislative Council elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_Council_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-District_Council_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#District_Council_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>District Council elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-District_Council_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Leadership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Leadership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chairpersons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chairpersons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Chairpersons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chairpersons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vice-chairpersons_(External_Affairs)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vice-chairpersons_(External_Affairs)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Vice-chairpersons (External Affairs)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vice-chairpersons_(External_Affairs)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vice-chairpersons_(Internal_Affairs)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vice-chairpersons_(Internal_Affairs)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Vice-chairpersons (Internal Affairs)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vice-chairpersons_(Internal_Affairs)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label 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Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lliga_dels_Socialdem%C3%B2crates" title="Lliga dels Socialdemòcrates – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lliga dels Socialdemòcrates" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Social_Democrats" title="League of Social Democrats – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="League of Social Democrats" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liga_de_los_Socialdem%C3%B3cratas" title="Liga de los Socialdemócratas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Liga de los Socialdemócratas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligue_des_sociaux-d%C3%A9mocrates_de_Hong_Kong" title="Ligue des sociaux-démocrates de Hong Kong – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ligue des sociaux-démocrates de Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa-fi_M%C3%ACn-ts%C3%BA_Li%C3%A8n-sien" title="Sa-fi Mìn-tsú Lièn-sien – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sa-fi Mìn-tsú Lièn-sien" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EB%A0%A8%EC%84%A0" title="사회민주련선 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사회민주련선" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liga_Demokrat_Sosial" title="Liga Demokrat Sosial – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Liga Demokrat Sosial" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lega_dei_Socialdemocratici_(Hong_Kong)" title="Lega dei Socialdemocratici (Hong Kong) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lega dei Socialdemocratici (Hong Kong)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Pro-democracy political party in Hong Kong</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #e0050d; border-bottom:2px solid #e0050d; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">League of Social Democrats</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname" lang="zh-hk"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049405">.mw-parser-output .noitalic{font-style:normal}</style><span class="noitalic"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">社會民主連線</span></span></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:League_of_Social_Democrats_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c4/League_of_Social_Democrats_Logo.svg/180px-League_of_Social_Democrats_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c4/League_of_Social_Democrats_Logo.svg/270px-League_of_Social_Democrats_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c4/League_of_Social_Democrats_Logo.svg/360px-League_of_Social_Democrats_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="314" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">LSD</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Chairwoman</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;">Chan Po-ying</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Vice-Chairmen</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Sham" title="Jimmy Sham">Jimmy Sham</a><br />Dickson Chau</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1 October 2006<span class="noprint">; 18 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2006-10-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Flat B2, 4/F, Tai Cheong<br />Factory Building,<br />3 Wing Ming Street,<br /><a href="/wiki/Cheung_Sha_Wan" title="Cheung Sha Wan">Cheung Sha Wan</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Kowloon" title="Kowloon">Kowloon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Direct_democracy" title="Direct democracy">Direct democracy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">Left-wing populism</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Centre-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre-left">Centre-left</a> to <a href="/wiki/Left-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-wing">left-wing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Regional affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-democracy camp">Pro-democracy camp</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#e0050d; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">Red</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 90</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/District_Councils_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="District Councils of Hong Kong">District Councils</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 470</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lsd.org.hk">lsd<wbr />.org<wbr />.hk</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">社會民主連線</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">社会民主连线</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Shèhuì Mínzhǔ Liánxiàn</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Séh wuih màhn jyú Lìhn sin</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Se<sup>5</sup> wui<sup>6*2</sup> man<sup>4</sup> zyu<sup>2</sup> Lin<sup>4</sup> sin<sup>3</sup></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid 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background:white; border:1px solid #8C0046;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image" style="border-bottom:1px solid #8C0046; background:#A20051"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hkpol2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hkpol2.png/170px-Hkpol2.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hkpol2.png/255px-Hkpol2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hkpol2.png/340px-Hkpol2.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="background:#C40062; color:white; border-bottom:1px solid #8C0046;"> <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Politics of Hong Kong"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#b0b0b8">Politics</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hong_Kong" title="Government of Hong Kong"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#b0b0b8">government</span></a><br /> of <span class="region">Hong Kong</span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #8C0046;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Hong_Kong" title="Law of Hong Kong">Laws</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basic_Law_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Basic Law of Hong Kong">Basic Law</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law_Drafting_Committee" title="Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee">Drafting Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law_Consultative_Committee" title="Hong Kong Basic Law Consultative Committee">Consultative Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law_Article_23" title="Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23">Article 23</a> (national security laws)</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="2020 Hong Kong national security law">2020 law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safeguarding_National_Security_Ordinance" title="Safeguarding National Security Ordinance">2024 law</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law_Article_45" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong Basic Law Article 45">Article 45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law_Article_46" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong Basic Law Article 46">Article 46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law_Article_69" title="Hong Kong Basic Law Article 69">Article 69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One country, two systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino%E2%80%93British_Joint_Declaration" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino–British Joint Declaration">Sino–British Joint Declaration</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_criminal_law" title="Hong Kong criminal law">Criminal law</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Hong_Kong" title="Capital punishment in Hong Kong">Capital punishment in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Procedure_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal Procedure (Hong Kong)">Criminal procedure</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jury_system_in_Hong_Kong" title="Jury system in Hong Kong">Jury system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Hong_Kong" title="Law enforcement in Hong Kong">Law enforcement in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Hong_Kong" title="Human rights in Hong Kong">Human rights</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Hong_Kong" title="LGBT rights in Hong Kong">LGBT rights in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Hong_Kong" title="Internet censorship in Hong Kong">Internet censorship in Hong Kong</a></li></ul></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #8C0046;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hong_Kong" title="Government of Hong Kong">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">Chief Executive</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Lee_(government_official)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Lee (government official)">John Lee</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Chief_Executive" title="Office of the Chief Executive">Office of the Chief Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Safeguarding_National_Security_of_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region">Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the HKSAR</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principal_officials_of_Hong_Kong" title="Principal officials of Hong Kong">Principal officials</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_for_Administration" title="Chief Secretary for Administration">Chief Secretary</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Chan" title="Eric Chan">Eric Chan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_(Hong_Kong)" title="Financial Secretary (Hong Kong)">Financial Secretary</a>: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Chan_Mo-po" title="Paul Chan Mo-po">Paul Chan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_for_Justice_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary for Justice (Hong Kong)">Secretary for Justice</a>: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lam" title="Paul Lam">Paul Lam</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Executive Council of Hong Kong">Executive Council</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Convenor: <a href="/wiki/Regina_Ip" title="Regina Ip">Regina Ip</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_Secretariat" title="Government Secretariat">Government Secretariat</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Hong_Kong_government_agencies" title="List of Hong Kong government agencies">Government agencies</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_Bureau" title="Civil Service Bureau">Civil Service Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joint_Secretariat_for_the_Advisory_Bodies_on_Civil_Service_and_Judicial_Salaries_and_Conditions_of_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joint Secretariat for the Advisory Bodies on Civil Service and Judicial Salaries and Conditions of Service (page does not exist)">Joint Secretariat for the Advisory Bodies on Civil Service and Judicial Salaries and Conditions of Service</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_and_Mainland_Affairs_Bureau" title="Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau">Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Registration_and_Electoral_Office_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Registration and Electoral Office (Hong Kong)">Registration and Electoral Office</a></li> <li>Offices in the Mainland and Taiwan</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture,_Sports_and_Tourism_Bureau" title="Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau">Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leisure_and_Cultural_Services_Department" title="Leisure and Cultural Services Department">Leisure and Cultural Services Department</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tourism_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tourism Commission (page does not exist)">Tourism Commission</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_Bureau" title="Education Bureau">Education Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>University Grants Committee Secretariat</li> <li>Working Family and Student Financial Assistance Agency</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environment_and_Ecology_Bureau" title="Environment and Ecology Bureau">Environment and Ecology Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Department" title="Environmental Protection Department">Environmental Protection Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Conservation_Department" title="Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department">Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Environmental_Hygiene_Department" title="Food and Environmental Hygiene Department">Food and Environmental Hygiene Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Observatory" title="Hong Kong Observatory">Hong Kong Observatory</a></li> <li>Government Laboratory</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Health_Bureau_(Hong_Kong)" title="Health Bureau (Hong Kong)">Health Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_(Hong_Kong)" title="Department of Health (Hong Kong)">Department of Health</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Home_and_Youth_Affairs_Bureau" title="Home and Youth Affairs Bureau">Home and Youth Affairs Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Home_Affairs_Department" title="Home Affairs Department">Home Affairs Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Services_Department" title="Information Services Department">Information Services Department</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_and_Welfare_Bureau" title="Labour and Welfare Bureau">Labour and Welfare Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_Welfare_Department" title="Social Welfare Department">Social Welfare Department</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Security_Bureau_(Hong_Kong)" title="Security Bureau (Hong Kong)">Security Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Police_Force" title="Hong Kong Police Force">Hong Kong Police Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Fire_Services_Department" title="Hong Kong Fire Services Department">Hong Kong Fire Services Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correctional_Services_Department" title="Correctional Services Department">Correctional Services Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Customs_and_Excise_Department" title="Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department">Customs and Excise Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Department_(Hong_Kong)" title="Immigration Department (Hong Kong)">Immigration Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Flying_Service" title="Government Flying Service">Government Flying Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Aid_Service" title="Civil Aid Service">Civil Aid Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_Medical_Service" title="Auxiliary Medical Service">Auxiliary Medical Service</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_and_Logistics_Bureau" title="Transport and Logistics Bureau">Transport and Logistics Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_Department" title="Transport Department">Transport Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Aviation_Department_(Hong_Kong)" title="Civil Aviation Department (Hong Kong)">Civil Aviation Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_Department" title="Highways Department">Highways Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Department_(Hong_Kong)" title="Marine Department (Hong Kong)">Marine Department</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Housing_Bureau" title="Housing Bureau">Housing Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Housing_Department" title="Housing Department">Housing Department</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_and_Economic_Development_Bureau" title="Commerce and Economic Development Bureau">Commerce and Economic Development Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Intellectual Property Department</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invest_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Invest Hong Kong">Invest Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Communications_Authority" title="Office of the Communications Authority">Office of the Communications Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hongkong_Post" title="Hongkong Post">Post Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_and_Industry_Department" title="Trade and Industry Department">Trade and Industry Department</a></li> <li>Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices (Overseas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTHK" title="RTHK">Radio Television Hong Kong</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Development_Bureau" title="Development Bureau">Development Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_Services_Department" title="Architectural Services Department">Architectural Services Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buildings_Department" title="Buildings Department">Buildings Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Engineering_and_Development_Department" title="Civil Engineering and Development Department">Civil Engineering and Development Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drainage_Services_Department" title="Drainage Services Department">Drainage Services Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrical_and_Mechanical_Services_Department" title="Electrical and Mechanical Services Department">Electrical and Mechanical Services Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lands_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Lands Department">Lands Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Registry_(Hong_Kong)" title="Land Registry (Hong Kong)">Land Registry</a></li> <li>Planning Department</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_Supplies_Department" title="Water Supplies Department">Water Supplies Department</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Services_and_the_Treasury_Bureau" title="Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau">Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Census_and_Statistics_Department_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Census and Statistics Department (Hong Kong)">Census and Statistics Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companies_Registry_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Companies Registry (Hong Kong)">Companies Registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Logistics_Department" title="Government Logistics Department">Government Logistics Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Property_Agency_(Hong_Kong)" title="Government Property Agency (Hong Kong)">Government Property Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Revenue_Department_(Hong_Kong)" title="Inland Revenue Department (Hong Kong)">Inland Revenue Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Receiver%27s_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Official Receiver's Office">Official Receiver's Office</a></li> <li>Rating and Valuation Department</li> <li>Treasury</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Innovation,_Technology_and_Industry_Bureau" title="Innovation, Technology and Industry Bureau">Innovation, Technology and Industry Bureau</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efficiency_Office" title="Efficiency Office">Efficiency Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Government_Chief_Information_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Government Chief Information Officer">Office of the Government Chief Information Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovation_and_Technology_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Innovation and Technology Commission">Innovation and Technology Commission</a></li></ul></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Civil_Service" title="Hong Kong Civil Service">Hong Kong Civil Service</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_Officer_(Hong_Kong)" title="Administrative Officer (Hong Kong)">Administrative Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Appointments_System" title="Political Appointments System">Political Appointments System</a></li></ul></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #8C0046;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Legislature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Leung" title="Andrew Leung">Andrew Leung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Members_of_the_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong">List of Members of the Legislative Council</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li>Political camps:</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pro-Beijing_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-Beijing camp (Hong Kong)">Pro-Beijing camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)">Pro-democracy camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localist_camp" title="Localist camp">Localist camp</a></li></ul></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #8C0046;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Hong_Kong" title="Judiciary of Hong Kong">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Court_of_Final_Appeal" title="Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal">Court of Final Appeal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_Court_of_Final_Appeal" title="Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal">Chief Justice</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cheung" title="Andrew Cheung">Andrew Cheung</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Hong_Kong" title="High Court of Hong Kong">High Court</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Judge_of_the_High_Court_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Judge of the High Court of Hong Kong">Chief Judge</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Poon_Shiu-chor" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremy Poon Shiu-chor">Jeremy Poon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_(Hong_Kong)" title="Court of Appeal (Hong Kong)">Court of Appeal</a> <ul><li>President of the Court of Appeal</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_First_Instance_(Hong_Kong)" title="Court of First Instance (Hong Kong)">Court of First Instance</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/District_Court_(Hong_Kong)" title="District Court (Hong Kong)">District Court</a> </p> <ul><li>Chief District Judge: Justin Ko</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Magistrates%27_Court_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magistrates' Court (Hong Kong)">Magistrates' Court</a> </p> <ul><li>Chief Magistrate: So Wai-tak</li></ul> <p>Special courts and tribunals: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Hong_Kong#The_Coroner’s_Court" title="Judiciary of Hong Kong">Coroner’s Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Hong_Kong#The_Labour_Tribunal" title="Judiciary of Hong Kong">Labour Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lands_Tribunal_(Hong_Kong)" title="Lands Tribunal (Hong Kong)">Lands Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_Misconduct_Tribunal" title="Market Misconduct Tribunal">Market Misconduct Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Hong_Kong#The_Obscene_Articles_Tribunal" title="Judiciary of Hong Kong">Obscene Articles Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Hong_Kong#The_Small_Claims_Tribunal" title="Judiciary of Hong Kong">Small Claims Tribunal</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #8C0046;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Hong_Kong" title="Districts of Hong Kong">Districts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/District_Officer_(Hong_Kong)" title="District Officer (Hong Kong)">District Officers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/District_Councils_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="District Councils of Hong Kong">District Councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_and_Western_District" title="Central and Western District">Central and Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_District,_Hong_Kong" title="Eastern District, Hong Kong">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_District" title="Islands District">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kowloon_City_District" title="Kowloon City District">Kowloon City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwai_Tsing_District" title="Kwai Tsing District">Kwai Tsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwun_Tong_District" title="Kwun Tong District">Kwun Tong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_District,_Hong_Kong" title="North District, Hong Kong">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sai_Kung_District" title="Sai Kung District">Sai Kung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha_Tin_District" title="Sha Tin District">Sha Tin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sham_Shui_Po_District" title="Sham Shui Po District">Sham Shui Po</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_District,_Hong_Kong" title="Southern District, Hong Kong">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Po_District" title="Tai Po District">Tai Po</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsuen_Wan_District" title="Tsuen Wan District">Tsuen Wan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun_District" title="Tuen Mun District">Tuen Mun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Chai_District" title="Wan Chai District">Wan Chai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wong_Tai_Sin_District" title="Wong Tai Sin District">Wong Tai Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yau_Tsim_Mong_District" title="Yau Tsim Mong District">Yau Tsim Mong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuen_Long_District" title="Yuen Long District">Yuen Long</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Area_committees_of_Hong_Kong" title="Area committees of Hong Kong">Area committees</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #8C0046;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hong_Kong" title="Elections in Hong Kong">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Affairs_Commission" title="Electoral Affairs Commission">Electoral Affairs Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Registration_and_Electoral_Office_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Registration and Electoral Office (Hong Kong)">Registration and Electoral Office</a></li></ul> <p>Chief Executive Elections </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Election_Committee_(Hong_Kong)" title="Election Committee (Hong Kong)">Election Committee</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_legislative_elections" title="Hong Kong legislative elections">Legislative elections</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geographical_constituency" title="Geographical constituency">Geographical Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functional_constituency_(Hong_Kong)" title="Functional constituency (Hong Kong)">Functional Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Committee_(constituency)" title="Election Committee (constituency)">Election Committee Constituency</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="Hong Kong local elections">District council elections</a><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_Hong_Kong" title="List of constituencies of Hong Kong">List of constituencies of Hong Kong</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of political parties in Hong Kong">Political parties</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_development_in_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic development in Hong Kong">Universal suffrage</a><br /></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #8C0046;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hong_Kong" title="Foreign relations of Hong Kong">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;">Documents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_identity_card" title="Hong Kong identity card">Hong Kong identity card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region_passport" title="Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passport">HKSAR Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_(Overseas)_passport" title="British National (Overseas) passport">BNO Passport</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Consular_missions_in_Hong_Kong" title="Consular missions in Hong Kong">Consular missions in Hong Kong</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Economic_and_Trade_Office" title="Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office">Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Hong Kong–United Kingdom relations">Hong Kong–United Kingdom relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Hong Kong–United States relations">Hong Kong–United States relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Hong Kong–Philippines relations">Hong Kong–Philippines relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Hong Kong–Singapore relations">Hong Kong–Singapore relations</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Consular_missions_in_Hong_Kong#Relations_with_Mainland_China" title="Consular missions in Hong Kong">Hong Kong–China relations</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Liaison_Office" title="Hong Kong Liaison Office">Hong Kong Liaison Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Government_of_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region_in_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in Beijing">Office of the Government of the HKSAR in Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_and_Hong_Kong_Closer_Economic_Partnership_Arrangement" title="Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement">Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Hong Kong–Taiwan relations">Hong Kong–Taiwan relations</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Economic,_Trade_and_Cultural_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong Economic, Trade and Cultural Office">Hong Kong Economic, Trade and Cultural Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Taiwan_Economic_and_Cultural_Co-operation_and_Promotion_Council" title="Hong Kong–Taiwan Economic and Cultural Co-operation and Promotion Council">Hong Kong–Taiwan Economic and Cultural Co-operation and Promotion Council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="font-weight:normal; border:1px solid #8C0046;"> <b>Related topics</b> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hong_Kong" title="Culture of Hong Kong">Culture</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Economy of Hong Kong">Economy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hong_Kong" title="Education in Hong Kong">Education</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hong_Kong" title="Geography of Hong Kong">Geography</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hong_Kong" title="History of Hong Kong">History</a></li></ul></div> <b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/16px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/24px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/32px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong" title="Portal:Hong Kong">Hong Kong portal</a></b></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.2em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Template:Politics of Hong Kong"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Template talk:Politics of Hong Kong"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Hong Kong"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #C5C12B; border-spacing:0.2em 0; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff );color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Liberalism_in_China" title="Category:Liberalism in China">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#FFD424; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:150%; font-weight:normal; color:black; line-height:1em"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_China" title="Liberalism in China"><span style="color: #000;">Liberalism in China</span></a></b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_dragon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/China_dragon.svg/120px-China_dragon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/China_dragon.svg/180px-China_dragon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/China_dragon.svg/240px-China_dragon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_and_political_rights" title="Civil and political rights">Civil and political rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Due_process" title="Due process">Due process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_freedom" title="Economic freedom">Economic freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equality_before_the_law" title="Equality before the law">Equality before the law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">Freedom of the press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_sovereignty" title="Popular sovereignty">Popular sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_justice" title="Social justice">Social justice</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_movements_of_China" title="Democracy movements of China">Democracy movements</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970s_Hong_Kong_student_protests" title="1970s Hong Kong student protests">1970s Hong Kong student protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">1989 Tiananmen Square protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Chinese_pro-democracy_protests" title="2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests">2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2014 Hong Kong protests">2014 Hong Kong protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">2019–2020 Hong Kong protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_COVID-19_protests_in_China" title="2022 COVID-19 protests in China">2022 COVID-19 protests in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Spring" title="Beijing Spring">Beijing Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Wall" title="Democracy Wall">Democracy Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_1_July_marches" title="Hong Kong 1 July marches">Hong Kong 1 July marches</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Revolution" title="1911 Revolution">1911 Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Flowers_Campaign" title="Hundred Flowers Campaign">Hundred Flowers Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Enlightenment_(China)" title="New Enlightenment (China)">New Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Fourth_Movement" title="May Fourth Movement">May Fourth Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Culture_Movement" title="New Culture Movement">New Culture Movement</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ai_Weiwei" title="Ai Weiwei">Ai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bao_Tong" title="Bao Tong">Bao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Yang" title="Bo Yang">Bo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsun_Chang" title="Carsun Chang">Chang (Carsun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._C._Chang" title="P. C. Chang">Chang (P. C.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Chiang" title="Johnny Chiang">Chiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Chow" title="Agnes Chow">Chow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chu_Anping" title="Chu Anping">Chu (Anping)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Chu" title="Eddie Chu">Chu (Eddie)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Fan" title="Gary Fan">Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Fang" title="Fang Fang">Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fei_Xiaotong" title="Fei Xiaotong">Fei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Su" title="Gu Su">Gu (Su)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Zhun" title="Gu Zhun">Gu (Zhun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Weifang" title="He Weifang">He</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Ho" title="Albert Ho">Ho (Albert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyd_Ho" title="Cyd Ho">Ho (Cyd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Ho" title="Kai Ho">Ho (Kai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hsu_Shih-hsien" title="Hsu Shih-hsien">Hsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Shih" title="Hu Shih">Hu (Shih)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Yaobang" title="Hu Yaobang">Hu (Yaobang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Menglin" title="Jiang Menglin">Jiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Lai" title="Jimmy Lai">Lai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_Chen" title="Lei Chen">Lei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Lau" title="Emily Lau">Lau (Emily)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lau_Siu-lai" title="Lau Siu-lai">Lau (Siu-lai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Law" title="Nathan Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Lee" title="Martin Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Rui" title="Li Rui">Li (Rui)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Shenzhi" title="Li Shenzhi">Li (Shenzhi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Yinhe" title="Li Yinhe">Li (Yinhe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Qichao" title="Liang Qichao">Liang</a> (early)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Junning" title="Liu Junning">Liu (Junning)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu (Xiaobo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Changping" title="Luo Changping">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Yushi" title="Mao Yushi">Mao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Mo" title="Claudia Mo">Mo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mok" title="Charles Mok">Mok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Hui_(historian)" title="Qin Hui (historian)">Qin (1953)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tao_Xingzhi" title="Tao Xingzhi">Tao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_To" title="James To">To</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Wong" title="Joshua Wong">Wong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Ruoshui" title="Wang Ruoshui">Wang (Ruoshui)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yang_(politician)" title="Wang Yang (politician)">Wang (Yang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chi-wai" title="Wu Chi-wai">Wu (Chi-wai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Jinglian" title="Wu Jinglian">Wu (Jinglian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._C._Wu" title="K. C. Wu">Wu (K. C.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiang_Lanxin" title="Xiang Lanxin">Xiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Jilin" title="Xu Jilin">Xu (Jilin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Youyu" title="Xu Youyu">Xu (Youyu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Zhangrun" title="Xu Zhangrun">Xu (Zhangrun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Li_(stand-up_comedian)" title="Yang Li (stand-up comedian)">Yang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeung_Sum" title="Yeung Sum">Yeung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Yen" class="mw-redirect" title="James Yen">James Yen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dongsun" title="Zhang Dongsun">Zhang (Dongsun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qianfan" title="Zhang Qianfan">Zhang (Qianfan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Weiying" title="Zhang Weiying">Zhang (Weiying)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Xueqin" title="Zhu Xueqin">Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Zimmerman_(politician)" title="Paul Zimmerman (politician)">Zimmerman</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Extant parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <p><b>Hong Kong (pro-democracy)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Association_for_Democracy_and_People%27s_Livelihood" title="Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood">ADPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_Fifth_Action" title="April Fifth Action">April Fifth Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Act-up" title="Civic Act-up">Civic Act-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Alliance" title="Community Alliance">Community Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Hong_Kong)" title="Democratic Party (Hong Kong)">Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Hong_Kong)" title="Labour Party (Hong Kong)">Labour Party</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">League of Social Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighbourhood_and_Worker%27s_Service_Centre" title="Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre">Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Power_(Hong_Kong)" title="People Power (Hong Kong)">People Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Commons" title="Professional Commons">Professional Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Action_(Hong_Kong)" title="Socialist Action (Hong Kong)">Socialist Action</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Hong Kong (centrist)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Path_of_Democracy" title="Path of Democracy">Path of Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Side" title="Third Side">Third Side</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Hong Kong (pro-ROC)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_and_Kowloon_Trades_Union_Council" title="Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council">Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Hong Kong (localist)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deliberation_Tsuen_Wan" title="Deliberation Tsuen Wan">Deliberation Tsuen Wan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HK_First" title="HK First">HK First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Justice_League" title="Land Justice League">Land Justice League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletariat_Political_Institute" title="Proletariat Political Institute">Proletariat Political Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsuen_Wan_Community_Network" title="Tsuen Wan Community Network">Tsuen Wan Community Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youngspiration" title="Youngspiration">Youngspiration</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Macau</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Macau_Association" title="New Democratic Macau Association">New Democratic Macau Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Macau)" title="New Hope (Macau)">New Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Macau_Association" title="New Macau Association">New Macau Association</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Republic of China (Taiwan)</b><br /><b>(groups of pro-Chinese identity)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Party" title="Chinese People's Party">Chinese People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Partisan_Solidarity_Union" title="Non-Partisan Solidarity Union">Non-Partisan Solidarity Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_First_Party_(Taiwan)" title="People First Party (Taiwan)">People First Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Historical parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Democratic_League" title="China Democratic League">China Democratic League</a> (early)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(1912)" title="Democratic Party (1912)">Democratic Party (1912)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labor_Party_of_the_Republic_of_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Labor Party of the Republic of China (page does not exist)">Labor Party of the Republic of China</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%9A" class="extiw" title="zh:中华民国工党">zh</a>]</span></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Hong Kong (pro-democracy)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citizens_Party_(Hong_Kong)" title="Citizens Party (Hong Kong)">Citizens Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Party" title="Civic Party">Civic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Self-Government_Party_of_Hong_Kong" title="Democratic Self-Government Party of Hong Kong">Democratic Self-Government Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Frontier_(Hong_Kong)" title="The Frontier (Hong Kong)">The Frontier</a> (1996)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Frontier_(Hong_Kong,_2010)" title="The Frontier (Hong Kong, 2010)">The Frontier</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Affairs_Society" title="Hong Kong Affairs Society">Hong Kong Affairs Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Chinese_Reform_Association" title="Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association">Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association</a> (early)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Confederation_of_Trade_Unions" title="Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions">Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Socialist_Democratic_Party" title="Hong Kong Socialist Democratic Party">Hong Kong Socialist Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meeting_Point" title="Meeting Point">Meeting Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_for_Democracy" title="Power for Democracy">Power for Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_China" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of China">Revolutionary Communist Party of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Marxist_League_(Hong_Kong)" title="Revolutionary Marxist League (Hong Kong)">Revolutionary Marxist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Democrats_of_Hong_Kong" title="United Democrats of Hong Kong">United Democrats</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Hong Kong (pro-ROC)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/123_Democratic_Alliance" title="123 Democratic Alliance">123 Democratic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(Hong_Kong)" title="Democratic Alliance (Hong Kong)">Yuen Long Tin Shui Wai Democratic Alliance</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Hong Kong (localist)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party_of_Hong_Kong" title="Democratic Progressive Party of Hong Kong">Democratic Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demosisto" title="Demosisto">Demosisto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo_Democrats" title="Neo Democrats">Neo Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Team_Chu_Hoi-dick_of_New_Territories_West" title="Team Chu Hoi-dick of New Territories West">Team Chu Hoi-dick of New Territories West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsz_Wan_Shan_Constructive_Power" title="Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power">Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun_Community_Network" title="Tuen Mun Community Network">Tuen Mun Community Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Social_Association" title="Victoria Social Association">Victoria Social Association</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Republic of China (Taiwan)</b><br /><b>(groups of pro-Chinese identity)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Democracy_Party_(Taiwan)" title="China Democracy Party (Taiwan)">China Democracy Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minkuotang" title="Minkuotang">Minkuotang</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Banned parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Party_of_China" title="Democracy Party of China">Democracy Party of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democracy_Party_of_China" title="New Democracy Party of China">New Democracy Party of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Chinese_Nationalists" title="Union of Chinese Nationalists">Union of Chinese Nationalists</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Alliances</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li>Pro-democracy camp <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp_(Macau)" title="Pro-democracy camp (Macau)">Macau</a></li></ul></li> <li>Pro-Kuomintang camp <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pro-ROC_camp" title="Pro-ROC camp">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Chinese_Nationalists" title="Union of Chinese Nationalists">mainland China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localist_camp" title="Localist camp">Localist camp (Hong Kong)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ALLinHK" title="ALLinHK">ALLinHK</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_True_Democracy" title="Alliance for True Democracy">Alliance for True Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Human_Rights_Front" title="Civil Human Rights Front">Civil Human Rights Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_190" title="Group of 190">Group of 190</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Alliance_in_Support_of_Patriotic_Democratic_Movements_of_China" title="Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China">HKASPDMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Democratic_Foundation" title="Hong Kong Democratic Foundation">Hong Kong Democratic Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Digital" title="Next Digital">Next Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Club_of_Hong_Kong" title="Reform Club of Hong Kong">Reform Club of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Mothers" title="Tiananmen Mothers">Tiananmen Mothers</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <p><b>Current</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/China_Times" title="China Times">China Times</a></i> (early)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Free_Press" title="Hong Kong Free Press">Hong Kong Free Press</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yanhuang_Chunqiu" title="Yanhuang Chunqiu">Yanhuang Chunqiu</a></i></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Former</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apple_Daily" title="Apple Daily">Apple Daily</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Endeavor_Weekly" title="Endeavor Weekly">Endeavor Weekly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Free_China_Journal" title="Free China Journal">Free China Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Next_Magazine_(Hong_Kong_and_Taiwan)" title="Next Magazine (Hong Kong and Taiwan)">Next Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sharp_Daily" title="Sharp Daily">Sharp Daily</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related ideologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-authoritarianism" title="Anti-authoritarianism">Anti-authoritarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neoauthoritarianism_(China)#Criticism_and_views" title="Neoauthoritarianism (China)">Criticism of neoauthoritarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism_in_China" title="Anti-communism in China">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_China" title="Federalism in China">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_China" title="Feminism in China">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Liberalism in Hong Kong">Liberalism in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_ethnic_nationalism" title="Local ethnic nationalism">Local ethnic nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_nationalism" title="Hong Kong nationalism">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenism" title="Indigenism">Indigenism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Localism in Hong Kong">Localism in Hong Kong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Autonomy_Movement" title="Hong Kong Autonomy Movement">Autonomy Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_independence" title="Hong Kong independence">Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Confucianism" title="Progressive Confucianism">Confucianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Principles_of_the_People" title="Three Principles of the People">Three Principles of the People</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism#China" title="Conservatism">Conservatism in China</a> (opposing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism#Criticism" title="Confucianism">Critics of Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_China" title="Democracy in China">Democracy in China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Hong_Kong" title="Democracy in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_China" title="Human rights in China">Human rights in China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_rights_in_China" title="LGBTQ rights in China">LGBTQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-Republic_of_China" title="Pro-Republic of China">Pro-Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism_in_Taiwan" title="Progressivism in Taiwan">Progressivism in Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_nationalism" title="Taiwanese nationalism">Taiwanese nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huadu_(Taiwan)" title="Huadu (Taiwan)">ROC independence</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_China,_Many_Paths" title="One China, Many Paths">One China, Many Paths</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_flag_waving.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/15px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/22px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/30px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Liberalism" title="Portal:Liberalism">Liberalism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Republic of China">Republic of China portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/16px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/24px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/32px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong" title="Portal:Hong Kong">Hong Kong portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Liberalism_in_China" title="Template:Liberalism in China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Liberalism_in_China" title="Template talk:Liberalism in China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Liberalism_in_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Liberalism in China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>League of Social Democrats</b> (<b>LSD</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Social_democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Social democratic">social democratic</a> party in Hong Kong. Chaired by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chan_Po-ying&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chan Po-ying (page does not exist)">Chan Po-ying</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Leung_Kwok-hung" title="Leung Kwok-hung">Leung Kwok-hung</a>, it positions itself as the radical wing of the <a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)">pro-democracy camp</a> and stresses on "street actions" and "parliamentary struggles". </p><p>Established in 2006 by a group of pro-grassroots left-leaning activists, the party opposes the perceived moderate and compromising approach of its pro-democratic allies <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Hong_Kong)" title="Democratic Party (Hong Kong)">Democratic Party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civic_Party" title="Civic Party">Civic Party</a> and called for more aggressive tactics to achieve democracy. It often found itself at odds with other pan-democrats due to its confrontational and radical activism in the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council</a>. The party first participated in the <a href="/wiki/2008_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2008 Hong Kong legislative election">2008 Legislative Council election</a> and won over the 10 per cent of the popular vote and emerged as the new force with three seats. </p><p>In 2010, the League launched the "<a href="/wiki/Five_Constituencies_Referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Constituencies Referendum">Five Constituencies Referendum</a>" campaign to pressure the government to <a href="/wiki/2010_Hong_Kong_electoral_reform" title="2010 Hong Kong electoral reform">implement universal suffrage no later than 2012</a>. The plan was joined by the Civics but rejected by the Democrats. The plan to target the Democratic Party in the <a href="/wiki/2011_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2011 Hong Kong local elections">following District Council election</a>, as well as personal differences, led to a devastating factional struggles between the founding chairman <a href="/wiki/Wong_Yuk-man" title="Wong Yuk-man">Wong Yuk-man</a> and his successor <a href="/wiki/Andrew_To" title="Andrew To">Andrew To</a>, which resulted in the Wong's faction splitting from the party to form the <a href="/wiki/People_Power_(Hong_Kong)" title="People Power (Hong Kong)">People Power</a>, leaving the party with only one legislator Leung Kwok-hung. </p><p>The party suffered a sharp decline in the <a href="/wiki/2012_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2012 Hong Kong legislative election">2012 Legislative Council election</a> but resumed a cooperative relationship with the People Power in the issues such as <a href="/wiki/Filibustering" class="mw-redirect" title="Filibustering">filibustering</a> in the legislature and street activisms. Facing the <a href="/wiki/Localism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Localism in Hong Kong">rise of localism</a>, the two parties formed an <a href="/wiki/People_Power%E2%80%93League_of_Social_Democrats" title="People Power–League of Social Democrats">electoral coalition</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2016_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2016 Hong Kong legislative election">2016 Legislative Council election</a> which received seven per cent of the vote with Leung Kwok-hung being re-elected. Leung was subsequently disqualified over his <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Legislative_Council_oath-taking_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong Legislative Council oath-taking controversy">oath-taking manner</a> in 2017, leaving the party without any elected representation. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2019_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2019 Hong Kong local elections">massive pro-democracy protests</a> in 2019, its party member <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Sham" title="Jimmy Sham">Jimmy Sham</a>, who was also the convenor of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Human_Rights_Front" title="Civil Human Rights Front">Civil Human Rights Front</a> (CHRF), won one of two seats for the party in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2019 Hong Kong local elections">following District Council election</a>, and also won the nomination in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_pro-democracy_primaries" title="2020 Hong Kong pro-democracy primaries">2020 pro-democracy primaries</a> where Leung Kwok-hung failed to secure a nomination. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Party_beliefs">Party beliefs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Party beliefs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The LSD was considered to be the "radical wing" of the <a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-democracy camp">pro-democracy camp</a> by its political beliefs and tactics. It was formed by legislators, social activists and grassroots residents. It aims to be a "clear-cut opposition party" and defend the interests of the grassroots. It opposes the <a href="/wiki/Wealth_inequality" class="mw-redirect" title="Wealth inequality">wealth inequality</a> created by collusions between the government and corporations. It positions itself as a <a href="/wiki/Social_democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Social democratic">social democratic</a> party<sup id="cite_ref-LSDabout_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LSDabout-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and believes that a just society can be achieved by <a href="/wiki/Redistribution_of_wealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Redistribution of wealth">redistribution of wealth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economic_interventionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic interventionism">economic interventionism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Direct_democracy" title="Direct democracy">direct democracy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-about_us_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about_us-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tactics">Tactics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Tactics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protests">Protests</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Protests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Members of the party pioneered the use of theatrics and disruptive tactics in Hong Kong. Heckling and the throwing of projectiles have since become a frequent occurrence at <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council</a> and public meetings. Their members have been ejected from LegCo meetings on numerous occasions. At a Legislative council meeting on 15 October 2008, during the <a href="/wiki/Policy_address" class="mw-redirect" title="Policy address">Policy Address</a> given by then <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">Chief Executive</a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tsang" title="Donald Tsang">Donald Tsang</a>, party chairman <a href="/wiki/Wong_Yuk-man" title="Wong Yuk-man">Wong Yuk-man</a> threw a banana at Tsang in protest at the <a href="/wiki/Means_test" title="Means test">means test</a> of "fruit money" (<a href="/wiki/Old_Age_Allowance" title="Old Age Allowance">Old Age Allowance</a>) for the elderly. </p><p>At the opening of an exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Museum_of_History" title="Hong Kong Museum of History">Museum of History</a> on 2 March 2011, Steve Wong Chun-kit, member of the League of Social Democrats rushed at Donald Tsang. Protesters also threw cooked rice at Tsang, as a symbol of the plight of the poor, but missed him. Tsang said his chest was hit by the protestor and had a medical check at the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_Hospital_(Hong_Kong)" title="Queen Mary Hospital (Hong Kong)">Queen Mary Hospital</a> afterwards. Tsang denounced the protest, saying that violence was unacceptable in Hong Kong, where civilised behaviour and the rule of law were fundamental values. However Leung Kwok-hung said he did not see any physical contact between Tsang and protesters. Steve Wong was arrested and released on bail.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At <a href="/wiki/Leung_Chun-ying" title="Leung Chun-ying">CY Leung</a>'s first question-and-answer session as Chief Executive at the Legislative Council in Hong Kong on 16 July 2012, "Long Hair" Leung Kwok-hung threw an effigy of <a href="/wiki/Pinocchio" title="Pinocchio">Pinocchio</a> at CY Leung.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Leung Kwok-hung threw a cloud-shaped cushion at <a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Secretary of Hong Kong">Financial Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Tsang" title="John Tsang">John Tsang</a> during his budget report in the Legislative Council on 27 February 2013 to demand for a universal retirement protection scheme.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At a political forum on 7 December 2013, one member was captured by the media throwing a <a href="/wiki/Lufsig" title="Lufsig">Lufsig</a>, a cuddly toy wolf at CY Leung.<sup id="cite_ref-20131210mcbain_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20131210mcbain-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filibusters">Filibusters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Filibusters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2012, Leung Kwok-hung, the only LSD member in the Legislative Council joined a weeks-long <a href="/wiki/Filibuster" title="Filibuster">filibuster</a> staged by Albert Chan and Wong Yuk-man, who were LSD legislators but defected to the <a href="/wiki/People_Power_(Hong_Kong)" title="People Power (Hong Kong)">People Power</a>, submitting 1306 amendments altogether to the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_(Amendment)_Bill_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative Council (Amendment) Bill 2012">Legislative Council (Amendment) Bill 2012</a>, by which the government attempted to forbid resigning lawmakers from participating in by-elections as the government's response to the "<a href="/wiki/2010_Hong_Kong_by-election" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Hong Kong by-election">Five Constituency Referendum</a> movement" launched by the LSD in 2010. On the morning of 17 May 2012, <a href="/wiki/Jasper_Tsang" title="Jasper Tsang">Jasper Tsang Yok-sing</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong">President of the Legislative Council</a> adopt Article 92 of the Standing Order, which allows the president follow foreign parliament rules for unregulated behaviours to terminate the debate. In the end, all amendments were defeated and the Bill was passed. </p><p>In May 2013, the LSD and People Power staged a month-long filibuster by moving a total of 710 amendments on the Budget <a href="/wiki/Appropriation_Bill" class="mw-redirect" title="Appropriation Bill">Appropriation Bill</a> debate, to press for a universal pension scheme and a HK$10,000 cash handout to be included in John Tsang's budget.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government warned that the service would shut down if the budget bill do not pass. Jasper Tsang ordered to end the filibuster on 13 May after 55 hours spent to debate 17 of the 148 amendments.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Appropriation Bill was passed on 21 May 2013 with 684 amendments negatived.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding_and_early_years_(2006–2010)"><span id="Founding_and_early_years_.282006.E2.80.932010.29"></span>Founding and early years (2006–2010)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Founding and early years (2006–2010)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The LSD was founded on 1 October 2006. The two Legislative Councillors, <a href="/wiki/Leung_Kwok-hung" title="Leung Kwok-hung">Leung Kwok-hung</a>, activist from the <a href="/wiki/April_Fifth_Action_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="April Fifth Action Group">April Fifth Action Group</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Albert_Chan" title="Albert Chan">Albert Chan</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Hong_Kong)" title="Democratic Party (Hong Kong)">Democratic Party</a> member, were the founding members. Radio host, author and former journalism professor <a href="/wiki/Wong_Yuk-man" title="Wong Yuk-man">Wong Yuk-man</a> became the first Chairman of the party. </p><p>In the participation in the <a href="/wiki/2007_Hong_Kong_Chief_Executive_election" title="2007 Hong Kong Chief Executive election">2007 Chief Executive Election</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alan_Leong" title="Alan Leong">Alan Leong</a>, the League of Social Democrats refused to co-operate with the Democratic Party and the <a href="/wiki/Civic_Party" title="Civic Party">Civic Party</a> and criticised the two parties for nominating Leong as Chief Executive candidate, saying that they are not qualified as democrats.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/2006_Hong_Kong_Election_Committee_Subsector_elections" title="2006 Hong Kong Election Committee Subsector elections">2006 Election Committee election</a>, the League was criticised by media for refusing to name a candidate in protest at the "small-circle election". </p><p>The LSD won six seats its first attempt in the election in the <a href="/wiki/2007_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2007 Hong Kong local elections">2007 District Council elections</a>. In late December 2007, the Vice-Chairman of the party, <a href="/wiki/Lo_Wing-lok" title="Lo Wing-lok">Lo Wing-lok</a>, resigned after a controversy over the lack of documentation on the lease of the party headquarters. According to Lo, the premises belonged to an alleged <a href="/wiki/Triad_(underground_society)" class="mw-redirect" title="Triad (underground society)">triad</a> member who claimed to be a merchant.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2008_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2008 Hong Kong legislative election">2008 LegCo elections</a>, the party emerged as the sixth largest party in the legislature by gaining over 10 percent of the vote and winning total of three seats with chairman Wong Yuk-man winning a seat in the <a href="/wiki/Kowloon_West_(1998_constituency)" title="Kowloon West (1998 constituency)">Kowloon West</a> <a href="/wiki/Geographical_constituency" title="Geographical constituency">geographical constituency</a> and Leung Kwok-hung and Albert Chan retained their seats respectively. The LSD fiercely criticised the other democratic parties during the campaign. In <a href="/wiki/Kowloon_East_(1998_constituency)" title="Kowloon East (1998 constituency)">Kowloon East</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_To_Kwan-hang" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew To Kwan-hang">Andrew To Kwan-hang</a> has accused the Democratic Party of wrongly backing the government's move to privatise the <a href="/wiki/The_Link_REIT" class="mw-redirect" title="The Link REIT">Link Reit Investment Trust</a>, thus paving the way for hefty rent rises in public housing commercial and parking facilities. In Kowloon West, Chairman Wong Yuk-man lambasted the Civic Party's <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Mo_Man-ching" class="mw-redirect" title="Claudia Mo Man-ching">Claudia Mo Man-ching</a> in the same way he did the candidates from the pro-Beijing, pro-government flagship party, the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_for_the_Betterment_and_Progress_of_Hong_Kong" title="Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong">Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong</a> (DAB), accusing the Civic Party of applying double standards in its fight for democracy, and being elitist.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_electoral_reform_and_splits_(2010–2016)"><span id="2010_electoral_reform_and_splits_.282010.E2.80.932016.29"></span>2010 electoral reform and splits (2010–2016)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2010 electoral reform and splits (2010–2016)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Universal_Suffrage" title="Alliance for Universal Suffrage">Alliance for Universal Suffrage</a> which consisted of all the pro-democracy groups to strive for the 2012 universal suffrage of the Chief Executive and Legislative Council. In response to the <a href="/wiki/2010_Hong_Kong_electoral_reform" title="2010 Hong Kong electoral reform">electoral reform package</a> proposed by the government, the party joined hand with the Civic Party to launch the "<a href="/wiki/2010_Hong_Kong_by-election" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Hong Kong by-election">Five Constituency Referendum</a>" by having five legislators resigning and participating in a territory-wide by-election to demand genuine universal suffrage. The claim of by-election as referendum expectedly received serve attacks from the Beijing government and the pro-Beijing camp in Hong Kong as unconstitutional.<sup id="cite_ref-Lee_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Democratic Party refused to join the movement and sought for a less confrontational way to negotiate with Beijing. The movement was considered as failure with only 17.7 percent of the registered voters voted despite all three LSD legislators successfully returned to the LegCo.<sup id="cite_ref-Lee_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The LSD strongly criticised the Democratic Party for its move to negotiate with Beijing and voted for the reform package and attacked the Democratic Party in the following <a href="/wiki/July_1_marches#2010" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1 marches">2010 July 1 march</a>. </p><p>The party was also heavily devastated from the intra-party struggles. The former chairman Wong Yuk-man disagreed with the policies of the incumbent chairman Andrew To including the ways of dealing with the Democratic Party. In November 2010, Wong Yuk-man's protege <a href="/wiki/Edward_Yum" title="Edward Yum">Edward Yum</a> led a no-confidence motion against To which was defeated by 111 to 170 at an extraordinary general party meeting.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the failure of toppling To's chairmanship, on 24 January 2011, two of the three legislators of the party, Wong Yuk-man and Albert Chan quit the party with many party's leading figures, citing disagreement with leader Andrew To and his faction. About two hundreds of their supporters joined them, leaving the LSD in disarray.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wong and Chan formed the <a href="/wiki/People_Power_(Hong_Kong)" title="People Power (Hong Kong)">People Power</a> with other defected members and radical groups which aimed at sniping Democratic Party in the upcoming <a href="/wiki/2011_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2011 Hong Kong local elections">2011 District Council elections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party lost all its seats in the <a href="/wiki/District_Councils_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="District Councils of Hong Kong">District Councils</a> in the District Council elections in November, all four of the party's seats were swept by the pro-Beijing candidates, including that of Andrew To for <a href="/wiki/Chuk_Yuen_North_(constituency)" title="Chuk Yuen North (constituency)">Chuk Yuen North constituency</a>. 23 other League candidates also failed to win. Two days later, Andrew To resigned as chairman, to take responsibility for the loss, but pledged not to alter the LSD's ideology for the sake of winning elections.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leung Kwok-hung replaced To as the Chairman of the LSD. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ousted_from_Legislative_Council_and_further_political_developments_(2016–present)"><span id="Ousted_from_Legislative_Council_and_further_political_developments_.282016.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Ousted from Legislative Council and further political developments (2016–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ousted from Legislative Council and further political developments (2016–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2016, the party selected its sixth Executive Committee and new leaders. <a href="/wiki/Avery_Ng" title="Avery Ng">Avery Ng</a> succeeded Leung as the new chairman and <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Wong" title="Raphael Wong">Raphael Wong</a> and Derek Chan Tak-cheung as vice-chairman.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2016_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2016 Hong Kong legislative election">2016 Legislative Council election</a>, the LSD formed an <a href="/wiki/People_Power%E2%80%93League_of_Social_Democrats" title="People Power–League of Social Democrats">electoral alliance</a> with another radical democrat People Power as they were facing serious challenges from the newly emerging radical <a href="/wiki/Localist_camp" title="Localist camp">localist camp</a>. The alliance won two seats in total with sole League legislator <a href="/wiki/Leung_Kwok-hung" title="Leung Kwok-hung">Leung Kwok-hung</a> and People Power's <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Chan_Chi-chuen" title="Raymond Chan Chi-chuen">Ray Chan</a> being re-elected in the <a href="/wiki/New_Territories_East_(constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Territories East (constituency)">New Territories East</a>. Former LSD legislator <a href="/wiki/Albert_Chan" title="Albert Chan">Albert Chan</a> failed to help LSD's <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Wong" title="Raphael Wong">Raphael Wong</a> to be elected despite him standing as a second candidate in the <a href="/wiki/New_Territories_West_(constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Territories West (constituency)">New Territories West</a>. LSD chairman Avery Ng also lost his bid in <a href="/wiki/Kowloon_West_(1998_constituency)" title="Kowloon West (1998 constituency)">Kowloon West</a>. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2017_Hong_Kong_Chief_Executive_election" title="2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election">2017 Chief Executive election</a>, LSD legislator Leung Kwok-hung launched his Chief Executive bid in February 2017 through a "public nomination" mechanism, in which he would seek to secure 37,790 votes from members of the public, one per cent of the city's registered voters before he would canvass for the nominations from the <a href="/wiki/Election_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Committee">Election Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leung dropped out from the race on 25 February after failed to gain enough nominations from the public, secured only 20,234 nominations.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2017, Leung Kwok-hung was unseated with three other pro-democracy legislators due to <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Legislative_Council_oath-taking_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong Legislative Council oath-taking controversy">their manners at the oath-taking ceremony</a> at the inaugural meeting, where Leung had used it as a platform to protest since he was first elected in 2004, which made the LSD lost its only seat in the legislature.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, in the aftermath of the massive <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Hong_Kong_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2019–20 Hong Kong protests">Hong Kong pro-democracy protests</a> two prominent members of LSD namely, political and LGBT activist <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Sham" title="Jimmy Sham">Jimmy Sham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Radio" title="Citizens' Radio">Citizens' Radio</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Tsang_Kin-shing" title="Tsang Kin-shing">Tsang Kin-shing</a> were elected in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2019 Hong Kong local elections">2019 District Council elections</a> as part of the electoral landslide by the <a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)">pro-democracy camp</a>. In spite of this, Leung Kwok-hung was narrowly defeated in his bid to unseat incumbent lawmaker <a href="/wiki/Starry_Lee" title="Starry Lee">Starry Lee</a> in the <a href="/wiki/To_Kwa_Wan_North_(constituency)" title="To Kwa Wan North (constituency)">To Kwa Wan North</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kowloon_City_District_Council" title="Kowloon City District Council">Kowloon City District Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-landslidewin_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-landslidewin-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chan Po-ying, Leung Kwok-hung's wife, was elected as the LSD's new chairperson during a special meeting on 25 July 2021, replacing <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Wong" title="Raphael Wong">Raphael Wong</a>. Dickson Chau was also elected as vice chairman (external affairs), replacing Leung Kwok-hung, who was jailed for his role in the 2019 protests.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Arrest_of_Leung_Kwok-hung_and_Jimmy_Sham_under_national_security_law">Arrest of Leung Kwok-hung and Jimmy Sham under national security law</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Arrest of Leung Kwok-hung and Jimmy Sham under national security law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 6 January 2021, vice-chair persons of the party <a href="/wiki/Leung_Kwok-hung" title="Leung Kwok-hung">Leung Kwok-hung</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Sham" title="Jimmy Sham">Jimmy Sham</a> were arrested for violation of the national security law.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were released on bail the next day but charged with subversion on 28 February 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 12 March 2021, both Leung and Sham remain in custody after being denied bail twice and were in prison until their next hearing on the case on 31 May 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 31 May, the court postponed further court proceedings until 8 July 2021. Both Leung and Sham (along with the rest of defendants) will be presented with evidence before 28 June and they will be able to enter a plea. Otherwise, their case will be referred to the High Court.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Boycott_of_2021_legislative_election">Boycott of 2021 legislative election</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Boycott of 2021 legislative election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 1 June 2021, the party's leader <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Wong" title="Raphael Wong">Raphael Wong</a> announced that the party will not participate in the upcoming <a href="/wiki/2021_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2021 Hong Kong legislative election">legislative election</a> after accusing the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> of "wiping out dissidents". The move comes after the party is almost decimated after the arrests of Leung Kwok-hung, Jimmy Sham and Avery Ng.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Performance_in_elections">Performance in elections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Performance in elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chief_Executive_elections">Chief Executive elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Chief Executive elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <th>Election </th> <th>Candidate </th> <th># of votes </th> <th>% of vote </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2017_Hong_Kong_Chief_Executive_election" title="2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election">2017</a> </th> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Leung_Kwok-hung" title="Leung Kwok-hung">Leung Kwok-hung</a> </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><i>Not nominated</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_Council_elections">Legislative Council elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Legislative Council elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <th><b>Election</b> </th> <th>Number of<br />popular votes </th> <th>% of<br />popular votes </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Geographical_constituency" title="Geographical constituency">GC</a><br />seats </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Functional_constituency_(Hong_Kong)" title="Functional constituency (Hong Kong)">FC</a><br />seats </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Election_Committee_(constituency)" title="Election Committee (constituency)">EC</a><br />seats </th> <th>Total seats </th> <th>+/− </th> <th>Position </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2008_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2008 Hong Kong legislative election">2008</a> </th> <td>153,390<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>10.12<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>0 </td> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 60</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 5%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>1<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>6th<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2012_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2012 Hong Kong legislative election">2012</a> </th> <td>87,997<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>4.86<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 70</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 1%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>0<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>10th<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2016_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2016 Hong Kong legislative election">2016</a> </th> <td colspan="2" align="center"><i><a href="/wiki/People_Power%E2%80%93League_of_Social_Democrats" title="People Power–League of Social Democrats">PP/LSD</a> ticket</i> </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 70</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 1%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>0<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>10th<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2021_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2021 Hong Kong legislative election">2021</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><i>did not contest (boycott)</i> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 90</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>1<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>N/A </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="District_Council_elections">District Council elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: District Council elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <th>Election </th> <th>Number of<br />popular votes </th> <th>% of<br />popular votes </th> <th>Total<br />elected seats </th> <th>+/− </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2007_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2007 Hong Kong local elections">2007</a> </th> <td>28,601<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>2.51<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 405</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 1%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>0<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2011_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2011 Hong Kong local elections">2011</a> </th> <td>21,833<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>1.85<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 412</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>5<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2015_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2015 Hong Kong local elections">2015</a> </th> <td>6,526<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>0.45<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 431</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>0<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2019 Hong Kong local elections">2019</a> </th> <td>8,384<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>0.29<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 452</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #e0050d; width: 0.4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chairpersons">Chairpersons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Chairpersons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wong_Yuk-man" title="Wong Yuk-man">Wong Yuk-man</a>, 2006–2010</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_To" title="Andrew To">Andrew To Kwan-hang</a>, 2010–2011 <ul><li>Tang Chui-chung, acting 2011–2012</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leung_Kwok-hung" title="Leung Kwok-hung">Leung Kwok-hung</a>, 2012–2016</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avery_Ng" title="Avery Ng">Avery Ng Man-yuen</a>, 2016–2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Wong" title="Raphael Wong">Raphael Wong Ho-ming</a>, 2020–2021</li> <li>Chan Po-ying, 2021–present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vice-chairpersons_(External_Affairs)"><span id="Vice-chairpersons_.28External_Affairs.29"></span>Vice-chairpersons (External Affairs)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Vice-chairpersons (External Affairs)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lo_Wing-lok" title="Lo Wing-lok">Lo Wing-lok</a>, 2006–2007</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_To" title="Andrew To">Andrew To Kwan-hang</a>, 2008–2010</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avery_Ng" title="Avery Ng">Avery Ng Man-yuen</a>, 2012–2016</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Wong" title="Raphael Wong">Raphael Wong Ho-ming</a>, 2016–2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leung_Kwok-hung" title="Leung Kwok-hung">Leung Kwok-hung</a>, 2020–2021</li> <li>Dickson Chau Ka-faat, 2021–present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vice-chairpersons_(Internal_Affairs)"><span id="Vice-chairpersons_.28Internal_Affairs.29"></span>Vice-chairpersons (Internal Affairs)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Vice-chairpersons (Internal Affairs)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mak_(politician)" title="Michael Mak (politician)">Michael Mak Kwok-fung</a>, 2006–2010</li> <li>Lee Wai-yee, 2008–2010</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avery_Ng" title="Avery Ng">Avery Ng Man-yuen</a>, 2010–2012</li> <li>Tang Chui-chung, 2012–2014</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Wong" title="Raphael Wong">Raphael Wong Ho-ming</a>, 2014–2016</li> <li>Derek Chan Tak-cheung, 2016</li> <li>Jaco Chow Nok-hang, 2018–2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Sham" title="Jimmy Sham">Jimmy Sham Tsz-kit</a>, 2020–present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-LSDabout-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LSDabout_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Court+case+of+47+Hong+Kong+democracy+activists+to+resume+on+July+8&rft.date=2021-06-03&rft.aulast=Pang&rft.aufirst=Jessie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fchina%2F47-hk-activists-back-court-subversion-charges-after-bail-hearings-ordeal-2021-05-31%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeague+of+Social+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1593686-20210601.htm">"League of Social Democrats to boycott upcoming polls"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RTHK" title="RTHK">RTHK</a></i>. 1 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hong+Kong+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Pro-democracy+party+says+it+won%27t+take+part+in+Hong+Kong+elections+following+overhaul+ordered+by+Beijing&rft.date=2021-06-01&rft.aulast=Chau&rft.aufirst=Candice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhongkongfp.com%2F2021%2F06%2F02%2Fpro-democracy-party-says-it-wont-take-part-in-hong-kong-elections-following-overhaul-ordered-by-beijing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeague+of+Social+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democrats&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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Kong)">Pro-Beijing</a> (89)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_for_the_Betterment_and_Progress_of_Hong_Kong" title="Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong">Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong</a> (19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Federation_of_Trade_Unions" title="Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions">Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions</a> (8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_and_Professionals_Alliance_for_Hong_Kong" title="Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong">Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong</a> (7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Party" title="New People's Party">New People's Party</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Hong_Kong)" title="Liberal Party (Hong Kong)">Liberal Party</a> (4)</li> <li><a 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pro-Beijing_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-Beijing camp (Hong Kong)">Pro-Beijing</a> (174)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_for_the_Betterment_and_Progress_of_Hong_Kong" title="Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong">Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong</a> (109)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Federation_of_Trade_Unions" title="Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions">Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions</a> (27)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Party" title="New People's Party">New People's Party</a> (15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_and_Professionals_Alliance_for_Hong_Kong" title="Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong">Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong</a> (12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Hong_Kong)" 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