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aria-controls="toc-Epithets-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Epithets subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Epithets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Goddess_of_marriage_and_bride" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goddess_of_marriage_and_bride"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Goddess of marriage and bride</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goddess_of_marriage_and_bride-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consort_of_Zeus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consort_of_Zeus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Consort of Zeus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consort_of_Zeus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Founder_and_protector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founder_and_protector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Founder and protector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founder_and_protector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_an_earth_and_fertility_goddess" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_an_earth_and_fertility_goddess"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>As an earth and fertility goddess</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_an_earth_and_fertility_goddess-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_goddess_of_the_hymns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_goddess_of_the_hymns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>As goddess of the hymns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_goddess_of_the_hymns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Place_of_worship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Place_of_worship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Place of worship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Place_of_worship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warlike_character" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warlike_character"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Warlike character</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warlike_character-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_cults" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_cults"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Local cults</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_cults-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Origins-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Origins subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mycenean_Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mycenean_Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Mycenean Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mycenean_Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consort_of_Zeus_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consort_of_Zeus_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Consort of Zeus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consort_of_Zeus_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Near-Eastern_origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Near-Eastern_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Near-Eastern origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Near-Eastern_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indo-european_origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indo-european_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Indo-european origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indo-european_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cult" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cult"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cult</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cult-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cult subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cult-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Importance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Importance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Importance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Importance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matriarchy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matriarchy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Matriarchy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matriarchy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Youth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Youth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Youth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Youth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emblems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emblems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Emblems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emblems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Temples_of_Hera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Temples_of_Hera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Temples of Hera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Temples_of_Hera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Mythology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mythology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mythology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Birth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Birth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Birth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Birth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marriage_with_Zeus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_with_Zeus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Marriage with Zeus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_with_Zeus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heracles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heracles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Heracles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heracles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leto_and_the_Twins:_Apollo_and_Artemis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leto_and_the_Twins:_Apollo_and_Artemis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Leto and the Twins: Apollo and Artemis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leto_and_the_Twins:_Apollo_and_Artemis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Io_and_Argus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Io_and_Argus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Io and Argus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Io_and_Argus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judgment_of_Paris" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judgment_of_Paris"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Judgment of Paris</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judgment_of_Paris-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Iliad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Iliad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span><i>The Iliad</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Iliad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minor_stories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minor_stories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8</span> <span>Minor stories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minor_stories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Semele_and_Dionysus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Semele_and_Dionysus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8.1</span> <span>Semele and Dionysus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Semele_and_Dionysus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lamia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lamia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8.2</span> <span>Lamia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lamia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gerana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gerana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8.3</span> <span>Gerana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gerana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cydippe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cydippe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8.4</span> <span>Cydippe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cydippe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tiresias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tiresias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8.5</span> <span>Tiresias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tiresias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chelone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chelone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8.6</span> <span>Chelone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chelone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Golden_Fleece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Golden_Fleece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8.7</span> <span>The Golden Fleece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Golden_Fleece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ixion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ixion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8.8</span> <span>Ixion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ixion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.9</span> <span>Children</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genealogy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genealogy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Genealogy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genealogy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art_and_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_and_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Art and events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_and_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hera</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 101 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-101" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">101 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="هيرا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيرا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1_(%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B0%D5%AB)" title="Հերա (աստուածուհի) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Հերա (աստուածուհի)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE_(%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B1%E0%A7%80)" title="হীৰা (গ্ৰীক দেৱী) – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হীৰা (গ্ৰীক দেৱী)" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="হেরা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হেরা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Гера – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гера" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Гера – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гера" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Хера – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хера" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ra" title="Héra – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Héra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%89%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Ήρα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ήρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="هرا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هرا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ra" title="Héra – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Héra" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ire" title="Héire – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Héire" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%9D%BC" title="헤라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헤라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Հերա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հերա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80)" title="हीरा (देवी) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हीरा (देवी)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera_(gy%C3%B0ja)" title="Hera (gyðja) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hera (gyðja)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_(divinit%C3%A0)" title="Era (divinità) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Era (divinità)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%94" title="הרה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ჰერა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰერა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Гера – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гера" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AAra" title="Hêra – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hêra" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%93ra" title="Hēra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hēra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ra" title="Héra – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Héra" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Хера – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хера" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B0" title="ഹീര – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹീര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_(mitolo%C4%A1ija)" title="Era (mitoloġija) – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Era (mitoloġija)" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="हिअरा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हिअरा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="هيرا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيرا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="هرا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هرا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯍꯦꯔꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯦꯔꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC" title="ဟေရာ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟေရာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC" title="ヘーラー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘーラー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ra" title="Héra – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Héra" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88ra" title="Èra – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Èra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gera_(mif)" title="Gera (mif) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gera (mif)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਈਰਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਈਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="هيرا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هيرا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera_(Mythologie)" title="Hera (Mythologie) – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Hera (Mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Гера – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гера" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sila" title="Sila – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Sila" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="هيرا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هيرا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ra_(bohy%C5%88a)" title="Héra (bohyňa) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Héra (bohyňa)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="ھیرا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھیرا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Хера – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera_(mytologia)" title="Hera (mytologia) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hera (mytologia)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE" title="எரா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எரா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="ฮีรา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮีรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Ҳеро – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳеро" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Гера – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81" title="ہیرہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہیرہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gera" title="Gera – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gera" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89" title="赫拉 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="赫拉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%8B%89" title="希拉 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="希拉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera" title="Hera – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Hera" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89" title="赫拉 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="赫拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q38012#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Hera">reviewed</a> on <i>30 January 2025</i>.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Goddess from Greek mythology, wife and sister of Zeus</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Hera_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hera (disambiguation)">Hera (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background-color: #CEF2E0;">Hera</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-size: 110%;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Queen of the Gods</li><li>Goddess of marriage, women, marital harmony, and the protector of women during childbirth</li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hera_Campana_Louvre_Ma2283.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Hera_Campana_Louvre_Ma2283.jpg/220px-Hera_Campana_Louvre_Ma2283.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="401" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Hera_Campana_Louvre_Ma2283.jpg/330px-Hera_Campana_Louvre_Ma2283.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Hera_Campana_Louvre_Ma2283.jpg/440px-Hera_Campana_Louvre_Ma2283.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1947" data-file-height="3551" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The <i><a href="/wiki/Giampietro_Campana" title="Giampietro Campana">Campana</a> Hera</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> copy of a <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenistic">Hellenistic</a> original, from the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Louvre</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major cult center</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mycenae" title="Mycenae">Mycenae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abode</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Animals</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">Cow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuckoo" title="Cuckoo">cuckoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peacock" class="mw-redirect" title="Peacock">peacock</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Symbol</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sceptre" title="Sceptre">sceptre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown" title="Crown">crown</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polos" title="Polos">polos</a> or <a href="/wiki/Diadem" title="Diadem">diadem</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Genealogy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Siblings</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(Greek_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Angelos (Greek mythology)">Angelos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arge" title="Arge">Arge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eleutheria" title="Eleutheria">Eleutheria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Equivalents</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049405">.mw-parser-output .noitalic{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049405"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="width:16.0em;border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Category:Ancient Greek religion">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#005daa">Ancient Greek religion</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Laurel wreath"><img alt="Laurel wreath" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg/80px-Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg/120px-Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg/160px-Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="447" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Origins</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Ancient Greek religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_religion" title="Mycenaean religion">Mycenaean religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycenaean deities">Mycenaean deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Minoan Civilization">Minoan Civilization</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minoan_religion" title="Minoan religion">Minoan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Greece" title="Classical Greece">Classical Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_Greece" title="Hellenistic Greece">Hellenistic Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic religion</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Sacred places</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Sacred islands</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(island)" title="Ithaca (island)">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxos" title="Naxos">Naxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kythira" title="Kythira">Kythira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samothrace" title="Samothrace">Samothrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemnos" title="Lemnos">Lemnos</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Sacred mountains</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lykaion" title="Mount Lykaion">Mount Lykaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Turkey)" title="Mount Ida (Turkey)">Mount Ida (Turkey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Crete)" title="Mount Ida (Crete)">Mount Ida (Crete)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kyllini" title="Mount Kyllini">Mount Kyllini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Othrys" title="Mount Othrys">Mount Othrys</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Sanctuaries</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didyma" title="Didyma">Didyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dion,_Pieria" title="Dion, Pieria">Dion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Other</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Zeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cave of Zeus">Cave of Zeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Greek_deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek deities">Deities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"><table class="sidebar-subgroup" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6ffff;color:black;"> <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Olympians</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.15em 1.25em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6ffff;color:black;"> <a href="/wiki/Chthonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chthonic">Chthonic deities</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.15em 1.25em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iacchus" title="Iacchus">Iacchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophonius" title="Trophonius">Trophonius</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6ffff;color:black;"> Lesser deities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.15em 1.25em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreas_(god)" title="Boreas (god)">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maia" title="Maia">Maia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapus" title="Priapus">Priapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Worldview</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Egg">Orphic Egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld and afterlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miasma_(Ancient_Greek_religion)" title="Miasma (Ancient Greek religion)">Miasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimon" title="Daimon">Daimon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ages_of_Man" title="Ages of Man">Ages of Man</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age" title="Golden Age">Golden Age</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_Heroic_Age" title="Greek Heroic Age">Heroic Age</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Divine and reality</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apeiron" title="Apeiron">Apeiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monism" title="Monism">Monism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Form_of_the_Good" title="Form of the Good">Form of the Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_forms" title="Theory of forms">Theory of forms</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Mind</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anamnesis_(philosophy)" title="Anamnesis (philosophy)">Anamnesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ataraxia" title="Ataraxia">Ataraxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apatheia" title="Apatheia">Apatheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episteme" title="Episteme">Episteme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoche" class="mw-redirect" title="Epoche">Epoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaimonia" title="Eudaimonia">Eudaimonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katalepsis" title="Katalepsis">Katalepsis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logos" title="Logos">Logos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nous" title="Nous">Nous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronesis" title="Phronesis">Phronesis</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Soul</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anima_mundi" title="Anima mundi">Anima mundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metempsychosis" title="Metempsychosis">Metempsychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henosis" title="Henosis">Henosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato%27s_theory_of_soul" title="Plato's theory of soul">Plato's theory of soul</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Ethics</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agape" title="Agape">Agape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete" title="Arete">Arete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asebeia" title="Asebeia">Asebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">Hubris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">Xenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule#Ancient_Greece" title="Golden Rule">Ethic of Reciprocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adiaphora" title="Adiaphora">Adiaphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathekon" title="Kathekon">Kathekon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oikeiosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Oikeiosis">Oikeiosis</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mysteries</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism" title="Orphism">Orphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">Dionysian Mysteries</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Worship</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cult_image" title="Cult image">Agalma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dithyramb" title="Dithyramb">Dithyramb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean" title="Paean">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgion" class="mw-redirect" title="Orgion">Orgion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiera_Orgas" title="Hiera Orgas">Hiera Orgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero Cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pythia" title="Pythia">Pythia</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Sacrifices and offerings</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_(sacrifice)" title="Holocaust (sacrifice)">Holokaustos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libation#Ancient_Greece" title="Libation">Libation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_offering" title="Votive offering">Votive offering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifice#Ancient_Greece" title="Animal sacrifice">Animal Sacrifice</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Temples and holy sites</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Temenos</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Meditation and charity</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euergetism" title="Euergetism">Euergetism</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Rites of passage</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_ancient_Greece" title="Marriage in ancient Greece">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_funeral_and_burial_practices" title="Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices">Funeral Rites</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><b>Festivals</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoria" title="Thesmophoria">Thesmophoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphnephoria" title="Daphnephoria">Daphnephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthesteria" title="Anthesteria">Anthesteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrephoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrephoria">Arrephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronia" title="Kronia">Kronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis#Local_cult" title="Nemesis">Genesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaphebolia" title="Elaphebolia">Elaphebolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyanopsia" title="Pyanopsia">Pyanopsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalceia" title="Chalceia">Khalkeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloa" title="Haloa">Haloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halieia" title="Halieia">Halieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thargelia" title="Thargelia">Thargelia</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Monthly festivals</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noumenia" title="Noumenia">Noumenia</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Religious games</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaia" class="mw-redirect" title="Panathenaia">Panathenaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleia_(festival)" title="Heracleia (festival)">Herakleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Games" title="Panhellenic Games">Panhellenic Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian Games</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Ancient Greek philosophy">Philosophy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pythagoreanism" title="Pythagoreanism">Pythagoreanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neopythagoreanism" title="Neopythagoreanism">Neopythagoreanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platonism" title="Platonism">Platonism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Platonism" title="Middle Platonism">Middle Platonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_philosophers" title="List of ancient Greek philosophers">Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <dl><dd><b>Ancient</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pherecydes_of_Syros" title="Pherecydes of Syros">Pherecydes of Syros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophanes" title="Xenophanes">Xenophanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmenides" title="Parmenides">Parmenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empedocles" title="Empedocles">Empedocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aratus" title="Aratus">Aratus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iamblichus" title="Iamblichus">Iamblichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian (emperor)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Texts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetica" title="Hermetica">Corpus Hermeticum</a></li> <li><span class="noitalic"><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_Cycle" title="Epic Cycle">Epic Cycle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Other topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_sanctuaries_in_Greece" title="Category:Ancient Greek sanctuaries in Greece">Pilgrimage sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_calendar" title="Attic calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decline_of_Greco-Roman_polytheism" class="mw-redirect" title="Decline of Greco-Roman polytheism">Decline of Greco-Roman polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_and_tolerance_of_Paganism_from_Julian_until_Valens" class="mw-redirect" title="Restoration and tolerance of Paganism from Julian until Valens">Julian restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(religion)#21st_century_and_official_recognition" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenism (religion)">Modern Restoration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/16px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" 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title="Portal:Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 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class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Part_of_the_central_section-East_frieze-Elgin_Marbles-British_Museum-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Part_of_the_central_section-East_frieze-Elgin_Marbles-British_Museum-2.jpg/360px-Part_of_the_central_section-East_frieze-Elgin_Marbles-British_Museum-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Part_of_the_central_section-East_frieze-Elgin_Marbles-British_Museum-2.jpg/540px-Part_of_the_central_section-East_frieze-Elgin_Marbles-British_Museum-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Part_of_the_central_section-East_frieze-Elgin_Marbles-British_Museum-2.jpg/720px-Part_of_the_central_section-East_frieze-Elgin_Marbles-British_Museum-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Iris (on the left), Zeus and Hera. Part of the central section-East frieze of <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elgin_Marbles" title="Elgin Marbles">Elgin Marbles</a>-<a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">ancient Greek religion</a>, <b>Hera</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ɛr/: 'err' in 'merry'">ɛr</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ɪər/: 'ear' in 'near'">ɪər</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Ἥρα</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Hḗrā</i></span>; <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἥρη</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Hḗrē</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Ionic_Greek" title="Ionic Greek">Ionic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Greek" title="Homeric Greek">Homeric Greek</a>) is the goddess of marriage, women, and family, and the protector of women during childbirth. In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, she is queen of the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">twelve Olympians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a>, sister and wife of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>, and daughter of the <a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a> <a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a>. One of her defining characteristics in myth is her jealous and vengeful nature in dealing with any who offended her, especially Zeus's numerous adulterous lovers and illegitimate offspring. </p><p>Her iconography usually presents her as a dignified, matronly figure, upright or enthroned, crowned with a <i><a href="/wiki/Polos" title="Polos">polos</a></i> or <a href="/wiki/Diadem" title="Diadem">diadem</a>, sometimes veiled as a married woman.<sup id="cite_ref-Elder_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is the patron goddess of lawful marriage. She presides over weddings, blesses and legalises marital unions, and protects women from harm during childbirth. Her sacred animals include the <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuckoo" title="Cuckoo">cuckoo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peafowl" title="Peafowl">peacock</a>. She is sometimes shown holding a <a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">pomegranate</a> as an emblem of immortality. Her <a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca" title="Interpretatio graeca">Roman counterpart</a> is <a href="/wiki/Juno_(mythology)" title="Juno (mythology)">Juno</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Larouse_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larouse-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name Hera (Hēra or Hērē) has several possible and mutually exclusive etymologies. One possibility is to connect it with <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> ὥρα <i>hōra</i>, season, and to interpret it as ripe for marriage and according to <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> ἐρατή <i>eratē</i>, "beloved"<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as Zeus is said to have married her for love.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, Hera was an allegorical name and an anagram of <i>aēr</i> (ἀήρ, "air").<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So begins the section on Hera in <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a>'s <i>Greek Religion</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert131_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert131-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a note, he records other scholars' arguments "for the meaning Mistress as a feminine to <i>Heros</i>, Master", with uncertain origin. <a href="/wiki/John_Chadwick" title="John Chadwick">John Chadwick</a>, a decipherer of <a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a>, remarks "her name may be connected with <i>hērōs</i>, ἥρως, 'hero', but that is no help since it too is etymologically obscure."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A. J. van Windekens,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> offers "young cow, heifer", which is consonant with Hera's common epithet βοῶπις (<i>boōpis</i>, "cow-eyed"). <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._P._Beekes" title="Robert S. P. Beekes">R. S. P. Beekes</a> has suggested a <a href="/wiki/Pre-Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Greek">Pre-Greek</a> origin.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her name is attested in <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greek" title="Mycenaean Greek">Mycenaean Greek</a> written in the Linear B syllabic script as <span title="Mycenaean Greek-language text"><span lang="gmy"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1094882035">.mw-parser-output .script-Cprt{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Cypriot",Code2001}.mw-parser-output .script-Hano{font-size:125%;font-family:"Noto Sans Hanunoo",FreeSerif,Quivira}.mw-parser-output .script-Latf,.mw-parser-output .script-de-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Breitkopf Fraktur",UnifrakturCook,UniFrakturMaguntia,MarsFraktur,"MarsFraktur OT",KochFraktur,"KochFraktur OT",OffenbacherSchwabOT,"LOB.AlteSchwabacher","LOV.AlteSchwabacher","LOB.AtlantisFraktur","LOV.AtlantisFraktur","LOB.BreitkopfFraktur","LOV.BreitkopfFraktur","LOB.FetteFraktur","LOV.FetteFraktur","LOB.Fraktur3","LOV.Fraktur3","LOB.RochFraktur","LOV.RochFraktur","LOB.PostFraktur","LOV.PostFraktur","LOB.RuelhscheFraktur","LOV.RuelhscheFraktur","LOB.RungholtFraktur","LOV.RungholtFraktur","LOB.TheuerbankFraktur","LOV.TheuerbankFraktur","LOB.VinetaFraktur","LOV.VinetaFraktur","LOB.WalbaumFraktur","LOV.WalbaumFraktur","LOB.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOV.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOB.WieynckFraktur","LOV.WieynckFraktur","LOB.ZentenarFraktur","LOV.ZentenarFraktur"}.mw-parser-output .script-en-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:Cankama,"Old English Text MT","Textura Libera","Textura Libera Tenuis",London}.mw-parser-output .script-it-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Rotunda Pommerania",Rotunda,"Typographer Rotunda"}.mw-parser-output .script-Lina{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear A"}.mw-parser-output .script-Linb{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear B"}.mw-parser-output .script-Ugar{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Ugaritic",Aegean}.mw-parser-output .script-Xpeo{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Old Persian",Artaxerxes,Xerxes,Aegean}</style><span class="script-Linb"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%F0%90%80%81%F0%90%80%A8" class="extiw" title="wikt:𐀁𐀨">𐀁𐀨</a></span></span></span> <i>e-ra</i>, appearing on tablets found in <a href="/wiki/Pylos" title="Pylos">Pylos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as in the <a href="/wiki/Cypriotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypriotic">Cypriotic</a> dialect in the <a href="/wiki/Dative_case" title="Dative case">dative</a> <i>e-ra-i</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" title="Proto-Indo-European language">PIE</a>... could be originally either (a) 'the female who is attached/coupled' or (b) 'the female who <a href="/wiki/Attachment_Theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Attachment Theory">attaches</a> herself'... both socially and physically or emotionally."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many <a href="/wiki/Theophoric_name" title="Theophoric name">theophoric</a> names such as <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heraclitus" title="Heraclitus">Heraclitus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herodicus" title="Herodicus">Herodicus</a>, derive from Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epithets">Epithets</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Epithets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hera bore several epithets in the mythological tradition and in literature. In the historical times the majority of the Greeks recognized Hera as the consort of Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell195_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell195-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hera is the protector of marriage and of the rights of the married women.<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cults she has some functions of the earth goddess. She is occasionally related to warfare as tutelary goddess. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goddess_of_marriage_and_bride">Goddess of marriage and bride</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Goddess of marriage and bride"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Γαμήλιος (<b>Gamēlios</b>), 'preciding over marriage'. A sacrifice to Hera ensured a happy married life.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Γαμηστόλος (<b>Gamēstόlos</b>), 'leading the troop of marriage'.<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Νυμφευομένη (<b>Nymphevomenē</b>), 'led as a bride' at <a href="/wiki/Plataea" title="Plataea">Plataea</a>, in relation to her festival <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pausanias927_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pausanias927-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Νυμφη (<b>Nymphē</b>), 'bride'.<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Παρθένος (<b>Parthénos</b>) 'Virgin'<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Παρθενία (<b>Parthenia</b>),<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell249_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell249-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Παῖς (<b>Pais</b>) 'Child' (in her role as virgin) at <a href="/wiki/Stymphalus" title="Stymphalus">Stymphalus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Paus8222_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paus8222-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Συζύγιος (<b>Syzygios</b>) 'patroness of marriage' <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Τελεία (<b>Teleia</b>) 'bringing the fulfillement of marriage'.<sup id="cite_ref-Paus8222_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paus8222-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ζυγία (<b>Zygia</b>), 'yoke of marriage'. Her husband Zeus had also the epithet Zygius (Ζυγίος).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Χήρα (<b>Chḗrα</b>) 'Widowed' at <a href="/wiki/Stymphalus" title="Stymphalus">Stymphalus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Paus8222_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paus8222-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consort_of_Zeus">Consort of Zeus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Consort of Zeus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Ανασσα (<b> Anassa</b>), 'Queen' .<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ἀμμωνία (<b><a href="/wiki/Hera_Ammonia" title="Hera Ammonia">Ammonìa</a></b>), at <a href="/wiki/Elis" title="Elis">Elis</a> related to <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>-<a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Ammon</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Βασίλεια (<b>Basíleia</b>) 'Queen' at Ialysus in Rhodes <sup id="cite_ref-Farnell249_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell249-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Βασιλίς (<b>Basilis</b>) 'Queen' at Libadia and Argos.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Διώνη (<b>Diōnē</b>) as the consort of Zeus at Dodona.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ηνιόχη (<b>Hēniochē</b>), at Libadia . She was worshipped together with "Zeus-Basileus".<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ολυμπία (<b>Olympia</b>), with an altar near the altar of Olympian Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell246_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Σκηπτούχος (<b>Skēptouchos</b>),'bearing a sceptre' (Queen).<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founder_and_protector">Founder and protector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Founder and protector"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Αρχηγέτις (<b>Archēgetis</b>), 'founder', leader of the settlement at <a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ἀκραῖα (<b><a href="/wiki/Acraea" title="Acraea">Akraìa</a></b>) '(She) of the Heights (Akropolis)'<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Βουναία (<b>Bounaia</b>) '(She) of the Mound' (in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_an_earth_and_fertility_goddess">As an earth and fertility goddess</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: As an earth and fertility goddess"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Ἄνθεια (<b><a href="/wiki/Antheia" title="Antheia">Antheia</a></b>), meaning flowery at <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miletos" class="mw-redirect" title="Miletos">Miletos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Βοῶπις (<b>Boṓpis</b>) 'Cow-Eyed'.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell249_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell249-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> probably a form of the earth-goddess.</li> <li>Γή (<b><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Ge</a></b>), 'Earth' by Plutarch in a passage of Eusebius.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ευεργεσία (<b>Euergesia</b>), 'doing a good service' <sup id="cite_ref-Farnell246_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ζευξιδία (<b>Ζeuxidia</b>),'yoking the oxen' at Argos.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Πάμφοιτος (<b>Pamfοιtos</b>) 'repeatedly coming'. (<i>Pamfoitos Anassa</i>) <sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Φερέσβιος (<b>Pheresbios</b>) 'life giving'. by <a href="/wiki/Empedocles" title="Empedocles">Empedocles</a> (Plutarch) .<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ωρόλυτος (<b>Hōrolytos</b>) at Samos as the controller of the seasons and times of the year (<a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a>) <sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_goddess_of_the_hymns">As goddess of the hymns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: As goddess of the hymns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Εὑκέλαδος (<b>Εukelados</b>), 'well sounding, melodious'.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Προσυμναία (<b>Prosymnaia</b>), 'goddess of the hymn' at Argos.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Place_of_worship">Place of worship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Place of worship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Ἀργείη (<b>Argeìē</b>) '(She) of <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a>'. Hera was probably the goddess of the palace.<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'Ιμβραση (<b>Imbrasē</b>) after the river <a href="/wiki/Imbrasus" title="Imbrasus">Imbrasus</a> at Samos.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell246_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Κανδαρηνή (<b>Kandarēnē</b>) at the city <a href="/wiki/Candara_(Paphlagonia)" title="Candara (Paphlagonia)">Kandara</a> of Asia-Minor.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell246_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Κιθαιρωνία (<b>Κithairōnia</b>) 'of the mountain Kithairon' in <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a>, in relation with her fest <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell246_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Λιμανία (<b>Limanìa</b>) ' of the harbour' at <a href="/wiki/Perachora" title="Perachora">Perachora</a> near the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Corinth" title="Isthmus of Corinth">Isthmus of Corinth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Πελασγίς (<b><a href="/wiki/Pelasgiotis" title="Pelasgiotis">Pelasgis</a></b>) at <a href="/wiki/Iolcus" title="Iolcus">Iolcus</a>. A sacrifice was performed to Hera by <a href="/wiki/Pelias" title="Pelias">Pelias</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Σαμία (<b>Samia</b>), with a famous temple at <a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Φαρυγαία (<b>Pharygaia</b>) at the city <a href="/wiki/Pharygae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharygae">Pharygae</a> of Locris.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell246_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warlike_character">Warlike character</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Warlike character"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Ἀλέξανδρος (<b><a href="/wiki/Hera_Alexandros" title="Hera Alexandros">Alexandros</a></b>) 'Protector of Men' (among the <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Sicyonians</a>). Her cult was founded by Adrastus.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Οπλοσμία (<b>Oplosmia</b>) 'bearing arms or shield' at Elis<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Προδρομία (<b>Prodromia</b>), 'running forward' at Sikyon.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Τροπαία (<b>Tropaia</b>), 'giver of victory' <sup id="cite_ref-Farnell246_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_cults">Local cults</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Local cults"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Αἰγοφάγος (<b>Aigophágos</b>) 'Goat-Eater' among the <a href="/wiki/Lacedaemon" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacedaemon">Lacedaemonians</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Farnell241_18-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Εἰλείθυια (<b><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></b>) at <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> as goddess of childbirth.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell247_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell247-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Theogony Εileithyia is the daughter of Hera.</li> <li>Ἐλεία (<b>Eleía</b>) 'of the marsh' at <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell249_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell249-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Θελξινία (<b>Thelxinìa</b>) at <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Farnell247_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell247-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Θεομήτωρ (<b><a href="/wiki/Theometor" title="Theometor">Theomētōr</a></b>) 'mother of a god' at <a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ἱππία (<b>Hippia</b>), 'of the horse' at Olympia.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell246_24-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Λακίνια (<b>Lacinia</b>) at Croton.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Farnell249_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell249-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Λευκώλενος (<b>Leukōlenos</b>) 'White-Armed'<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Μειλίχιος (<b>Meilichios</b>), 'gentle', like "Zeus-Meilichios" at <a href="/wiki/Selinunte" title="Selinunte">Selinus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson412_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson412-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Μηλιχία (<b>Μēlichia</b>) 'gentle, with gentle words' at Hierapetna.<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson412_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson412-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Τελχινία (<b>Telchinia</b>): <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a> write that she was worshipped by the <a href="/wiki/Ialysos" title="Ialysos">Ialysians</a> and the Cameirans (both were on the island of <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a>). She was named thus because according to a legend, <a href="/wiki/Telchines" title="Telchines">Telchines</a> (Τελχῖνες) were the first inhabitants of the island and also the first who created statues of gods.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ὑπερχειρία (<b>Ηypercheiria</b>), 'with the hand above' at <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Farnell249_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell249-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In historical times, the majority of the Greeks recognized Hera as the consort of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell195_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell195-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zeus was the protector of rights and mores, and his partner Hera became the protector of legal marriage and the rights of married women .<sup id="cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hera emerged from a form of the "Mycenean goddess of the palace" and became the spouse of Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dietrich178-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Elder_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern scholars suggest that Hera is not only the Olympian sky-goddess, but in some cults she may be identified with the earth-goddess.<sup id="cite_ref-Obrien4_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obrien4-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-West184_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West184-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her ancient connection with her sacred animal, the cow, still existed in historical times. She is probably related to <a href="/wiki/Near-East" class="mw-redirect" title="Near-East">Near-Eastern</a> forms of cow-goddesses such as <a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bat_(goddess)" title="Bat (goddess)">Bat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dietrich178-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greek earth-goddess <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a> is occasionally identified with Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-Kirk_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirk-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gaia may be related to the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic</a> earth-goddess <a href="/wiki/Prithvi" title="Prithvi">Prithvi</a>, who was also associated with the cow.<sup id="cite_ref-Leaming_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leaming-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mycenean_Greece">Mycenean Greece</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Mycenean Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An inscription in <a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a> on a tablet found at <a href="/wiki/Pylos" title="Pylos">Pylos</a> mentions offerings "to Zeus-Hera-Drimios".(Drimios is the son of Zeus) .<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hera was the tutelary goddess of Argos and it is possible that she had Mycenean origin.<sup id="cite_ref-Elder_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Martin_P._Nilsson" title="Martin P. Nilsson">Martin P. Nilsson</a> suggested that Hera is mainly the "Argeiē" (Ἀργείη), a name given by Homer<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which describes her not as Greek, but as an <a href="/wiki/Argive" class="mw-redirect" title="Argive">Argive</a> goddess. She is the protectress of the citadel.<sup id="cite_ref-NilssonA_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NilssonA-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In literature <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a> is called "dōma Hēras" (the house of Hera) <sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Argives are called her people by <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Homer in <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a> uses the formula "boōpis <a href="/wiki/Potnia" title="Potnia">potnia</a> Hērē)" (cow-eyed, mistress Hera), which probably relates her to a form of the Mediterranean goddess of nature.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrien49_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrien49-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dietrich178-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The epithet Qo-wi-ja ( boōpis) appears in a <a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a> inscription.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a> notices that it is difficult to confirm that the epithet "bowpis" corresponds to a Greek belief.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However it is possible that Hera was conceived as a cow in her archaic cults.<sup id="cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dietrich178-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-West184_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West184-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consort_of_Zeus_2">Consort of Zeus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Consort of Zeus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hera exists as a spouse of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> and their "sacred marriage" was celebrated in many Greek festivals in a processional ceremony from ancient times.<sup id="cite_ref-Elder_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The myth of the premarital approach of Hera by <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> is early mentioned by Homer .<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is possible that the myth has its origins to an old custom of the European country population, the premarital intercourse of the engaged couple.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a> the "Mediterranean goddess of nature" becomes the bride of the Greek sky-god.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert17_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert17-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He notices that "the disappearance and retrieval of Hera has parallels with other fertility cults" .<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert129_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert129-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Burkert52_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert52-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hera was originally a goddess of fertility in her fest "Toneia" at Samos and at <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a> in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>. At Samos the image of Hera was hidden bounted in willows and the participants tried to discover it.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrien53a_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrien53a-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bremmer_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bremmer-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a> Zeus is mating with the earth goddess (finally named Hera) in a very ancient ritual.<sup id="cite_ref-Elder_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her festival <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a> at <a href="/wiki/Plataia" class="mw-redirect" title="Plataia">Plataia</a> there is an account of Hera's quarrel with Zeus and their reconciliation.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert63_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert63-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pausanias927_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pausanias927-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Near-Eastern_origin">Near-Eastern origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Near-Eastern origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> the bull was associated with religious practices. In the legend of the <a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a> the Queen of <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a> is hidden inside an artificial hollow cow and she is mating with a bull-form god in a sacred ceremony. The <a href="/wiki/Hieros_gamos" title="Hieros gamos">hieros gamos</a> indicates a ritual of fertility magic, which was probably introduced from <a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-Schach_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schach-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "hieros gamos" of Zeus with the earth goddess (finally named Hera) was celebrated at <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a> in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Elder_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schach_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schach-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a> the solar-deity and the moon-goddess are often represented as a bull and a cow <sup id="cite_ref-Schach_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schach-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heinrich_Roscher" title="Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher">Roscher</a> proposed that Hera was a moon-goddess.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The combination feminine divinity-cow-moon is not unusual in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> and <a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Schach_65-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schach-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The relationship of Hera with the cow still existed in the historical times and this probably relates her to Near-Eastern forms of cow-goddesses like <a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Bat_(goddess)" title="Bat (goddess)">Bat</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dietrich178-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Egyptian sky-goddess Hathor is the consort of the sky-god <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indo-european_origin">Indo-european origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Indo-european origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic</a> tradition the earth-goddess <a href="/wiki/Prithvi" title="Prithvi">Prithvi</a> is the consort of the sky-god <a href="/wiki/Dyaus" title="Dyaus">Dyaus</a> and she is associated with the cow. Prithvi may be identified with the Greek goddess <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Leaming_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leaming-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pherecydes_of_Syros" title="Pherecydes of Syros">Pherecydes of Syros</a> in his cosmogony describes the mating of two divine principles: The marriage of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zas</a> with <a href="/wiki/Chthonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chthonic">Chthonie</a>. <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Kirk" title="Geoffrey Kirk">Geoffrey Kirk</a> notices that after the marriage "Cthonie" becomes <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Ge</a> who probably takes charge of the protection of marriage. Hera is occasionally identified with "Ge".<sup id="cite_ref-Kirk_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirk-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a fragment of <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> the <a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a> of Zeus is the sky-god who is the father of men and gods, and the earth-goddess <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Ge</a> is the mother of all life.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It seems that <a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a> the priestess of Hera at Argos and consort of Zeus, was another form of Hera. In a Greek myth "Io" is transformed into a cow .<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell182_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell182-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This seems to be correlated to how Homer in <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a> uses the formula "boōpis <a href="/wiki/Potnia" title="Potnia">potnia</a> Hērē)" (cow-eyed, mistress Hera), suggesting that they may have been syncretized.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Obrien4_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obrien4-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cult">Cult</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Cult"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marriage_of_Zeus_and_Hera_(detail)_Pompeian_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Marriage_of_Zeus_and_Hera_%28detail%29_Pompeian_Art.jpg/220px-Marriage_of_Zeus_and_Hera_%28detail%29_Pompeian_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Marriage_of_Zeus_and_Hera_%28detail%29_Pompeian_Art.jpg/330px-Marriage_of_Zeus_and_Hera_%28detail%29_Pompeian_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Marriage_of_Zeus_and_Hera_%28detail%29_Pompeian_Art.jpg/440px-Marriage_of_Zeus_and_Hera_%28detail%29_Pompeian_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2353" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Hera on an antique fresco from <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The worship of Hera was sparse in <a href="/wiki/Thessaly" title="Thessaly">Thessaly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phocis" title="Phocis">Phocis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Achaea" title="Achaea">Achaea</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a> she is related to the fest <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a>. The main center of her cult was North-Eastern <a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a>, especially <a href="/wiki/Argolis" title="Argolis">Argolis</a>. ( <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiryns" title="Tiryns">Tiryns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corinth" title="Corinth">Corinth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Sicyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epidaurus" title="Epidaurus">Epidaurus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hermione_(Argolis)" title="Hermione (Argolis)">Hermione</a>). She was worshipped at the <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadian</a> cities <a href="/wiki/Mantineia" title="Mantineia">Mantineia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Megalopolis,_Greece" title="Megalopolis, Greece">Megalopolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stymphalus_(Arcadia)" title="Stymphalus (Arcadia)">Stymphalus</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>. The oldest temple at <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a> belonged to Hera. In the islands she was worshipped at <a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paros" title="Paros">Paros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amorgos" title="Amorgos">Amorgos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santorini" title="Santorini">Thera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kos" title="Kos">Kos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>. The island <a href="/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea">Euboea</a> was considered her holy place. A month was named after Hera at <a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a> (<i>Heraios</i>), <a href="/wiki/Olous" title="Olous">Olous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laconia" title="Laconia">Laconia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinos" title="Tinos">Tinos</a> (<i>Heraiōn</i>), <a href="/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon">Pergamos</a> (<i>Heraos</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hera is the <i>Olympia</i>, <i>Queen</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Anax" title="Anax">Anassa</a></i> , the Queen of heaven. The royal quality of her was preserved by the monuments of Greek art.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hera may have been the first deity to whom the Greeks dedicated an enclosed roofed temple sanctuary, at <a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a> about 800 BCE. It was replaced later by the <a href="/wiki/Heraion_of_Samos" title="Heraion of Samos">Heraion of Samos</a>, one of the largest of all Greek temples (altars were in front of the temples under the open sky). There were many temples built on this site, so the evidence is somewhat confusing, and archaeological dates are uncertain. </p><p>The temple created by the <a href="/wiki/Rhoecus" title="Rhoecus">Rhoecus</a> sculptors and architects was destroyed between 570 and 560 BCE. This was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Polycrates" title="Polycrates">Polycratean</a> temple of 540–530 BCE. In one of these temples, we see a forest of 155 columns. There is also no evidence of tiles on this temple suggesting either the temple was never finished or that the temple was open to the sky. </p><p>Earlier sanctuaries, whose dedication to Hera is less certain, were of the Mycenaean type called "house sanctuaries".<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Samos excavations have revealed votive offerings, many of them late 8th and 7th centuries BCE, which show that Hera at Samos was not merely a local Greek goddess of the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_civilizations" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegean civilizations">Aegean</a>. The museum there contains figures of gods and suppliants and other votive offerings from <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, testimony to the reputation which this sanctuary of Hera enjoyed, and the large influx of pilgrims. Compared to this mighty goddess, who also possessed the earliest temple at <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a> and two of the great fifth and sixth-century temples of <a href="/wiki/Paestum" title="Paestum">Paestum</a>, the termagant of <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> and the myths is an "almost... comic figure," according to <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Burkert</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Temple_of_Hera_-_Agrigento_-_Italy_2015.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Temple_of_Hera_-_Agrigento_-_Italy_2015.JPG/220px-Temple_of_Hera_-_Agrigento_-_Italy_2015.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Temple_of_Hera_-_Agrigento_-_Italy_2015.JPG/330px-Temple_of_Hera_-_Agrigento_-_Italy_2015.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Temple_of_Hera_-_Agrigento_-_Italy_2015.JPG/440px-Temple_of_Hera_-_Agrigento_-_Italy_2015.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>The Temple of Hera at <a href="/wiki/Agrigento" title="Agrigento">Agrigento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Though the greatest and earliest free-standing temple to Hera was the <a href="/wiki/Heraion_of_Samos" title="Heraion of Samos">Heraion of Samos</a>, in the Greek mainland Hera was especially worshipped as "Argive Hera" (<i>Hera Argeia</i>) at her sanctuary that stood between the former Mycenaean city-states of <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mycenae" title="Mycenae">Mycenae</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where the festivals in her honor called <i><a href="/wiki/Heraean_Games" title="Heraean Games">Heraia</a></i> were celebrated. "The three cities I love best," she declares in the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i>, book iv, "are Argos, Sparta and Mycenae of the broad streets." There were also temples to Hera in <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiryns" title="Tiryns">Tiryns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perachora" title="Perachora">Perachora</a> and the sacred island of <a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a>, two Doric temples to Hera were constructed at <a href="/wiki/Paestum" title="Paestum">Paestum</a>, about 550 BCE and about 450 BCE. One of them, long called the <i>Temple of Poseidon</i> was identified in the 1950s as a temple of Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a> fire festival on <a href="/wiki/Cithaeron" title="Cithaeron">Cithaeron</a> near <a href="/wiki/Plataea" title="Plataea">Plataea</a>, included an account of Hera's quarrel with Zeus and their reconciliation.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert63p_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert63p-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hera's importance in the early archaic period is attested by the large building projects undertaken in her honor. The temples of Hera in the two main centers of her <a href="/wiki/Cult_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cult (religion)">cult</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Heraion_of_Samos" title="Heraion of Samos">Heraion of Samos</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Heraion_of_Argos" title="Heraion of Argos">Heraion of Argos</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Argolis" title="Argolis">Argolis</a>, were the very earliest monumental <a href="/wiki/Greek_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek temple">Greek temples</a> constructed, in the 8th century BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-Obrien4_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obrien4-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Argos the <a href="/wiki/Dorians" title="Dorians">Dorian</a> "Heraion" was built on the hill of <a href="/wiki/Prosymna" title="Prosymna">Prosymna</a> near <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenean</a> hero-tombs.<sup id="cite_ref-Obrien4_46-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obrien4-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Samos the cult activity near the altar begun in late Mycenean period and a big altar was built in the 9th century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic period</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 330 BCE – 300 CE</span>), Greek culture spread outside Greece across the Eastern Mediterranean region as a result of the conquests of Alexander the Great. The <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic religion</a> was often <a href="/wiki/Syncretic" class="mw-redirect" title="Syncretic">syncretic</a>, and the Greek gods were identified with local deities as different aspects or names of the same divinity. Hera was identified with various local <a href="/wiki/Mother_goddess" title="Mother goddess">mother deities</a>. As an example, the work <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Syrian_Goddess" title="On the Syrian Goddess">On the Syrian Goddess</a></i> suggests a cult worshipped a goddess that was simultaneously the Syrian goddess <a href="/wiki/Atargatis" title="Atargatis">Atargatis</a> and Hera. This even extended to <a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">early Christianity</a> some; the <i><a href="/wiki/Legend_of_Aphroditian" title="Legend of Aphroditian">Legend of Aphroditian</a></i> identifies Hera with the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a>, perhaps due to one of Hera's abilities being her miraculous restoration of her own virginity.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Importance">Importance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Importance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a>, both Hera and Demeter have many characteristic attributes of Pre-Greek <a href="/wiki/Great_Goddess" title="Great Goddess">Great Goddesses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the same vein, British scholar <a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Keary" title="Charles Francis Keary">Charles Francis Keary</a> suggests that Hera had some sort of "<a href="/wiki/Mother_goddess" title="Mother goddess">Earth Goddess</a>" worship in ancient times,<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sacred-texts.com_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sacred-texts.com-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> connected to her possible origin as a Pelasgian goddess (as mentioned by Herodotus).<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sacred-texts.com_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sacred-texts.com-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Greece the Mediterranean goddess of nature is the bride of the Greek sky-god . In her fest <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a> Hera is related to the nymph Plataia (consort of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>), an old forgotten form of the Greek earth-goddess.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert17_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert17-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plataia may be related to <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a> who is occasionally identified with Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-Kirk_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirk-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-174-175_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174-175-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Hymn">Homeric Hymn</a> II to <a href="/wiki/Delian_Apollo" class="mw-redirect" title="Delian Apollo">Delian Apollo</a>, Hera detained <a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a> to prevent <a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a> from going into labor with Artemis and <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>, since the father was <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>. The other goddesses present at the birthing on <a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a> sent <a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a> to bring her. As she stepped upon the island, the divine birth began. In the myth of the birth of <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a>, it is Hera herself who sits at the door, delaying the birth of Heracles until her protégé, <a href="/wiki/Eurystheus" title="Eurystheus">Eurystheus</a>, had been born first.<sup id="cite_ref-Hom._Il._19.95_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hom._Il._19.95-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Homeric Hymn to <a href="/wiki/Pythian_Apollo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pythian Apollo">Pythian Apollo</a> makes the monster <a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhaon</a> the offspring of archaic Hera in her ancient form, produced out of herself, like a monstrous version of <a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a>, and whelped in a cave in <a href="/wiki/Cilicia" title="Cilicia">Cilicia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She gave the creature to <a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a> to raise. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hera_Barberini_Chiaramonti_Inv1210.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Hera_Barberini_Chiaramonti_Inv1210.jpg/170px-Hera_Barberini_Chiaramonti_Inv1210.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Hera_Barberini_Chiaramonti_Inv1210.jpg/255px-Hera_Barberini_Chiaramonti_Inv1210.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Hera_Barberini_Chiaramonti_Inv1210.jpg/340px-Hera_Barberini_Chiaramonti_Inv1210.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="2870" /></a><figcaption>Roman copy of a Greek 5th century Hera of the "<a href="/wiki/Barberini_Hera" title="Barberini Hera">Barberini Hera</a>" type, from the <a href="/wiki/Museo_Chiaramonti" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo Chiaramonti">Museo Chiaramonti</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Hera,_Olympia" title="Temple of Hera, Olympia">Temple of Hera, Olympia</a>, Hera's seated cult figure was older than the warrior figure of Zeus that accompanied it. Homer expressed her relationship with Zeus delicately in the <i>Iliad</i>, in which she declares to Zeus, "I am <a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a>' eldest daughter, and am honourable not on this ground only, but also because I am your wife, and you are king of the gods."<sup id="cite_ref-:5_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Matriarchy">Matriarchy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Matriarchy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There has been considerable scholarship, reaching back to <a href="/wiki/Johann_Jakob_Bachofen" title="Johann Jakob Bachofen">Johann Jakob Bachofen</a> in the mid-nineteenth century,<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about the possibility that Hera, whose early importance in Greek religion is firmly established, was originally the goddess of a matriarchal people, presumably inhabiting Greece before the <a href="/wiki/Hellenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenes">Hellenes</a>. In this view, her activity as <a href="/wiki/Goddess" title="Goddess">goddess</a> of marriage established the patriarchal bond of her own subordination: her resistance to the conquests of Zeus is rendered as Hera's "jealousy", the main theme of literary anecdotes that undercut her ancient <a href="/wiki/Cult_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cult (religion)">cult</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, it remains a controversial claim that an ancient matriarchy or a cultural focus on a monotheistic Great Goddess existed among the ancient Greeks or elsewhere. The claim is generally rejected by modern scholars as insufficiently evidenced.<sup id="cite_ref-ELLER-BRITANNICA_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ELLER-BRITANNICA-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a> notices that the ancient <a href="/wiki/Kourotrophos" title="Kourotrophos">Kourotrophos</a> figure is almost absent in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, and the nomination <a href="/wiki/Mother_Goddess" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother Goddess">Mother Goddess</a> was not the underlying principle in the Minoan religion.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Youth">Youth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Youth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hera was most known as the matron goddess, <i>Hera Teleia</i>, but she presided over weddings as well. In myth and cult, fragmentary references and archaic practices remain of the <a href="/wiki/Sacred_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred marriage">sacred marriage</a> of Hera and Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell191_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell191-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At <a href="/wiki/Plataea" title="Plataea">Plataea</a>, there was a sculpture of Hera seated as a bride by <a href="/wiki/Callimachus" title="Callimachus">Callimachus</a>, as well as the matronly standing Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hera was also worshipped as a <a href="/wiki/Virgin" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin">virgin</a>: there was a tradition in <a href="/wiki/Stymphalus_(Arcadia)" title="Stymphalus (Arcadia)">Stymphalia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(ancient_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcadia (ancient region)">Arcadia</a> that there had been a <a href="/wiki/Triple_Goddess_(Neopaganism)" title="Triple Goddess (Neopaganism)">triple shrine</a> to Hera the Girl (Παις [Pais]), the Adult Woman (Τελεια [Teleia]), and the Separated (Χήρη [Chḗrē] 'Widowed' or 'Divorced').<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Argolis" title="Argolis">region around Argos</a>, the temple of Hera in <a href="/wiki/Ermioni" title="Ermioni">Hermione</a> near Argos was to Hera the Virgin.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the spring of <a href="/wiki/Kanathos" title="Kanathos">Kanathos</a>, close to <a href="/wiki/Nauplia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauplia">Nauplia</a>, Hera renewed her virginity annually, in rites that were not to be spoken of (<i>arrheton</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Paus2381_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paus2381-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her fire-festival <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a> at <a href="/wiki/Plataia" class="mw-redirect" title="Plataia">Plataia</a> the puppet of the goddess was bathed in the river Asopos before the wedding ceremony. In the festival "Toneia" at <a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a> the image of the goddess was purified, bounted in willows and then probably hanged on a tree.<sup id="cite_ref-Obrian54_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obrian54-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Graves" title="Robert Graves">Robert Graves</a> interprets this as a representation of the new moon (<a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a>), full moon (Hera), and old moon (<a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a>), respectively personifying the Virgin (Spring), the Mother (Summer), and the destroying Crone (Autumn).<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Festivals">Festivals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The marriage of Zeus with Hera is the main theme in most Greek festivals celebrated in honour of the goddess. In the cults of Hera the dances and rites are performed by young married women. These choral dances reenacted early myth and ritual.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Burkert notices that "the disappearing and retrieval of Hera in some cults has parallels with other fertility cults".<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert129_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert129-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greek aetiological myths (<a href="/wiki/Etiology" title="Etiology">aitia</a>) give a reasonable explanation of the ritual and replicate its structural form. This is accurate for "aitia" related to initiation rituals from youth to maturity.<sup id="cite_ref-Calame17_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calame17-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ancient accounts refer to the retirement of Hera after a quarell with Zeus. Hera's wrath may indicate the wrath and jealousy of the Greek wife.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other accounts refer to cultic trees or pillars.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrian36_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrian36-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and rituals of the goddess of vegetation.<sup id="cite_ref-Bremmer_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bremmer-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some accounts are related to rituals of the Bronze Age before the splitting of the "Mistress of the animals" into separate goddesses.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrian60_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrian60-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a></b>. During Hera's famous fest "Hecatombaia"(one hundred oxen) -or Argive "Heraia"-the priestess of Hera was carried on a chart drawn by white-heifers to the sanctuary. The festival included an armed procession of male citizens and the prize of the contest was a bronze shield.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell185_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell185-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Argive festival was a new year festival and the new male citizens introduced themselves in the community. It is not verified that the festival was originally a wedding processional ceremony.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Argos Hera controlled the seasonal goddesses <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell194_16-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Obrien4_46-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obrien4-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Near the Heraion of Argos there was the stream "Eleutherion" (water of freedom). The priestess of Hera used it for purifications and the sacrifices were kept secret (<i>aporrheta</i>) <sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Plataia" class="mw-redirect" title="Plataia">Plataia</a></b> in <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a>. The festival <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a> of Hera was a fire festival. The citizens of Plataia maintained from prehistoric times the processional wedding ceremony. A puppet named Hera was married with Zeus. The puppet was washed in the river Asopos and it was carried on a cow-drawn chart to the top of Kithairon. There the puppet was burned together with other idols. Pausanias in the aetiological myth mentions the retirement of Hera after a quarrel with Zeus and their reconciliation.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert63p_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert63p-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nymph Plataia, consort of Zeus is an old form of the Greek earth-goddess and she may be related to <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-174-175_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174-175-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a></b>.The name of the island was "Parthenia" in the <a href="/wiki/Caria" title="Caria">Carian</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell185_106-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell185-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Samian festival "Toneia", Hera was originally a goddess of fertility. The festival included initiation rites of girls and probably boys from youth to maturity.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrian60_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrian60-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of the festival a <a href="/wiki/Xoanon" title="Xoanon">xoanon</a> of Hera was carried on a plank to the sea and then back to the coast. This custom reminds the cult of the <a href="/wiki/Hittites" title="Hittites">Hittite</a>-<a href="/wiki/Hurrians" title="Hurrians">Hurrian</a> god of fertility <a href="/wiki/Telipinu_(mythology)" title="Telipinu (mythology)">Telepinu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert52_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert52-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the aetiological myth of <a href="/wiki/Menodotus_of_Nicomedia" title="Menodotus of Nicomedia">Menedotus</a> the image of Hera was bathed, bounted in willows and finally hidden (or hanged). The participants tried to find it.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell185_106-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell185-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bremmer_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bremmer-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zeus was absent, and the processional wedding ceremony was introduced later.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrien53a_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrien53a-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Corinth" title="Corinth">Corinth</a></b>. Hera-<a href="/wiki/Acraea" title="Acraea">Acraea</a> was the protectress of the castle. The <a href="/wiki/Corinth" title="Corinth">Corinthian</a> "Heraia" was a mourning festival. Hera is related to <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a> (the wife of <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a>) a foreign goddess who was introduced in Greece. In the myth of the <a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a> Hera is the protectress of Jason. The scholiast of <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> suggests that the cult of Acraea is related to the cult of <a href="/wiki/Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a>. Every year seven boys and seven girls with shorn hair and wearing black garments were dedicated to the goddess. Annual sacrifices were performed for the killed children of Medea .<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Stymphalus" title="Stymphalus">Stymphalus</a></b> in <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadia</a>. Hera was worshipped as goddess of marriage. Three festivals celebrated the three phases of Hera as "pais" (virgin), "teleia" (fulfilled) and "chera" (widowed). "Pais" may symbolize the arrival of the goddess in spring and "chera" her departure in winter. In the aetiological myth of Pausanias Hera retired after a quarell with Zeus and then she came back. During her retirement people considered that she was divorced and she was worshipped as "chera".<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell191_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell191-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea">Euboea</a></b>. The island was the holy place of Hera and the goddess was worshipped near <a href="/wiki/Elymnion" title="Elymnion">Elymnion</a> or on the mountain <a href="/wiki/Dirfi" title="Dirfi">Dirfi</a>. Coins from <a href="/wiki/Eretria" title="Eretria">Eretria</a> verify that the citizens imitated the wedding of Zeus with Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></b>. The "sacred marriage" of Zeus with Hera was celebrated in Athens during the month "Gamelion" (late winter).<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell185_106-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell185-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hermione_(Argolis)" title="Hermione (Argolis)">Hermione</a></b> in <a href="/wiki/Argolis" title="Argolis">Argolis</a>. Hera was worshipped as "parthenos" (virgin). In a Greek myth Zeus was transformed into a cuckoo to seduce Hera. There were two temples, one of Zeus on the mountain-Cuckoo and one of Hera on the mountain Pron.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell185_106-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell185-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></b>. In the festival <a href="/wiki/Heraean_Games" title="Heraean Games">Heraia</a> young girls competed in a footrace. The race was held every four years and only virgin women were allowed to attend the games. The prize was an olive wreath.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditionally the custom was established by <a href="/wiki/Hippodamia_(daughter_of_Oenomaus)" title="Hippodamia (daughter of Oenomaus)">Hipodameia</a> and choral dances were performed in honour of her. A marriage-ceremony was probably part of the festival.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell188_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell188-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The choral dances and the dressing of "parthenoi" indicate that the festival was an initiation ritual from youth to maturity.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The relation of Hera with "parthenoi" (virgins) seems to connect her with the goddess of vegetation.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrian60_105-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrian60-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Calame17_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calame17-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Aegina" title="Aegina">Aegina</a>'</b>. Traditionally the festival was introduced from Argos. The image of Hera was carried on a chart drawn by white heifers. The festival included games and sacrifices. There was a contest between young boys for killing a female goat with their spears and they got her as a prize. In the aetiological myth Hera retired to the woods after a quarell with Zeus and her place was discovered by a female goat. Then she was obliged to return.<sup id="cite_ref-Farnell188_112-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnell188-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nauplia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauplia">Nauplia</a></b> in <a href="/wiki/Argolis" title="Argolis">Argolis</a>. Like the bride who took her bride-bath, Hera bathed every year in the spring <a href="/wiki/Kanathos" title="Kanathos">Kanathos</a> and recovered annually her virginity. This is one of the holy secrets (<i>aporrheta</i>) at the mysteries which they celebrated in honour of Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-Paus2381_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paus2381-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a></b> in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>. The "hieros gamos" of Zeus with the earth goddess (finally named Hera) was celebrated near the river Theren. The ritual continued unchanged from very ancient times.<sup id="cite_ref-Elder_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original name of the Minoan goddess could be <a href="/wiki/Britomartis" title="Britomartis">Britomartis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diktynna" class="mw-redirect" title="Diktynna">Diktynna</a> or "Hellopis".<sup id="cite_ref-Schach_65-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schach-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On a Minoan depiction the goddess seems to arrive on a chariot during spring and she disappears in winter.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrien53a_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrien53a-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emblems">Emblems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Emblems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Barry_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/James_Barry_001.jpg/220px-James_Barry_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/James_Barry_001.jpg/330px-James_Barry_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/James_Barry_001.jpg/440px-James_Barry_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3149" data-file-height="2496" /></a><figcaption><i>Jupiter and Juno on Mount Ida</i> by <a href="/wiki/James_Barry_(painter)" title="James Barry (painter)">James Barry</a>, 1773 (City Art Galleries, Sheffield)</figcaption></figure> <p>In Hellenistic imagery, Hera's chariot was pulled by peacocks, birds not known to Greeks before the conquests of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander</a>. Alexander's tutor, <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, refers to it as "the Persian bird." The peacock motif was revived in the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> iconography that unified Hera and Juno.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A bird that had been associated with Hera on an archaic level, when most of the Aegean goddesses were associated with "their" bird, was the <a href="/wiki/Cuckoo" title="Cuckoo">cuckoo</a>, which appears in mythic fragments concerning the first wooing of a virginal Hera by Zeus. </p><p>Her archaic association was primarily with cattle, as a Cow Goddess, who was especially venerated in "cattle-rich" <a href="/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea">Euboea</a>. On <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>, very early archaeological sites contain bull skulls that have been adapted for use as masks (see <a href="/wiki/Bull_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bull (mythology)">Bull (mythology)</a>). Her familiar <a href="/wiki/Epithets_in_Homer" title="Epithets in Homer">Homeric epithet</a> <i>Boôpis</i>, is always translated "cow-eyed". In this respect, Hera bears some resemblance to the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">Ancient Egyptian</a> deity <a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a>, a maternal goddess associated with cattle. Hera absorbed the cult of her heifer-priestess <a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a> and may be related to the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic</a> earth-goddess <a href="/wiki/Prithvi" title="Prithvi">Prithvi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-West184_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West184-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholar of Greek mythology <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a> writes in <i>Greek Religion</i>, "Nevertheless, there are memories of an earlier aniconic representation, as a pillar in Argos and as a plank in Samos." At Argos in a Greek myth the priestess of Hera <a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Phoronis</a> ties her mistress to an aniconic pillar. At Samos Hera's plank was tied on a willow tree to ensure fertility.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert131_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert131-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Temples_of_Hera">Temples of Hera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Temples of Hera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plan_of_the_Temple_of_Hera_(Olympia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Plan_of_the_Temple_of_Hera_%28Olympia%29.svg/280px-Plan_of_the_Temple_of_Hera_%28Olympia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Plan_of_the_Temple_of_Hera_%28Olympia%29.svg/420px-Plan_of_the_Temple_of_Hera_%28Olympia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Plan_of_the_Temple_of_Hera_%28Olympia%29.svg/560px-Plan_of_the_Temple_of_Hera_%28Olympia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="266" /></a><figcaption>Plan of the Temple of Hera (Olympia):Heraion</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pianta_hera_paestum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Pianta_hera_paestum.jpg/280px-Pianta_hera_paestum.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Pianta_hera_paestum.jpg/420px-Pianta_hera_paestum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Pianta_hera_paestum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="210" /></a><figcaption>First temple of Hera, Paestum (Basilica)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Perachora" title="Perachora">Perachora</a>, Corinth</b>. One from the earliest Greek temples was the temple dedicated to Hera <a href="/wiki/Akraia" class="mw-redirect" title="Akraia">Akraia</a> at Perachora, built in the 9th century BC. The dimensions of the plan were 5,50x8,00m. A teracotta house-temple model indicates that it was an upsidal building with one room. The walls were made fom small stones and dried bricks. Τhere were two pairs of (probably wooden) columns, and the high-peaked roof was covered with straws.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></b>. The Heraion was built in late 7th century BC (620 BC) . It was a <a href="/wiki/Doric_order" title="Doric order">Doric</a> style <a href="/wiki/Peripteral" class="mw-redirect" title="Peripteral">peripteral</a> temple measured 18,75x50,01m at the <a href="/wiki/Stylobate" title="Stylobate">stylobate</a>. The number of the originally wooden <a href="/wiki/Pteron" title="Pteron">pteron</a> columns was 6x16 (hexastyle). Τhe wooden columns were later replaced with columns from limestone. The temple had <a href="/wiki/Portico" title="Portico">pronaos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cella" title="Cella">cella</a>, and the oldest known <a href="/wiki/Opisthodomos" title="Opisthodomos">opisthodomos</a>. The porches were distyle <a href="/wiki/Anta_(architecture)" title="Anta (architecture)">in antis</a>. A colossal head of a woman, is probably a part of a statue dedicated to Hera. It was made from limestone.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Corfu</a></b>. The Archaic temple of Hera was built in 610BC. Large terracotta figures such as lions and gorgoneions decorated the roof of the temple. The temple was completely destroyed by fire in the 5th century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a></b>. The older Heraion was built in 560 BC. It was a dipteral temple with <a href="/wiki/Ionic_order" title="Ionic order">Ionic order</a> features. It measured 50,50x103,00 m at the <a href="/wiki/Stylobate" title="Stylobate">stylobate</a> and the number of <a href="/wiki/Pteron" title="Pteron">pteron</a> columns was 10x21. The temple formed a unit with the monumental altar of Hera to the east, which shared its alignment and axis. It was constructed partly of limestone and partly of marble. <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> calls <a href="/wiki/Rhoecus" title="Rhoecus">Rhoecus</a> of Samos its first architect. It was the first of the massive Ionic temples.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heraion_de_samos_essai_restitution.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Heraion_de_samos_essai_restitution.jpg/280px-Heraion_de_samos_essai_restitution.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Heraion_de_samos_essai_restitution.jpg/420px-Heraion_de_samos_essai_restitution.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Heraion_de_samos_essai_restitution.jpg/560px-Heraion_de_samos_essai_restitution.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1321" /></a><figcaption>Heraion of Samos. A reconstruction of the "Polycrates temple" (front view)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a></b>. The new Heraion was built in 525 BC and it is called the "Polycrates temple". The temple measured 54,58x111,50m at the <a href="/wiki/Stylobate" title="Stylobate">stylobate</a>. It was dipteral on the flanks and tripteral at the ends. The outer row had 8x24 columns except that at the back there were nine columns. The forms of the capitals resembled the ones at Ephesus, but the volutes were wider.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Selinunte" title="Selinunte">Selinus</a></b>. The <a href="/wiki/Doric_order" title="Doric order">Doric</a> temple E (temble of Hera) was built in 490 BC. It measured 25.32x67.82m at the <a href="/wiki/Stylobate" title="Stylobate">stylobate</a> and the number of <a href="/wiki/Pteron" title="Pteron">pteron</a> columns was 6x15. The porches were distyle <a href="/wiki/Anta_(architecture)" title="Anta (architecture)">in antis</a><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Selinunte-TempleE-Plan-bjs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Selinunte-TempleE-Plan-bjs.png/280px-Selinunte-TempleE-Plan-bjs.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Selinunte-TempleE-Plan-bjs.png/420px-Selinunte-TempleE-Plan-bjs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Selinunte-TempleE-Plan-bjs.png/560px-Selinunte-TempleE-Plan-bjs.png 2x" data-file-width="926" data-file-height="573" /></a><figcaption>Selinunte-TempleE- Temple of Hera</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Paestum" title="Paestum">Paestum</a></b>. The first temple of Hera, the so-called "Basilica", was built in the early 6th century BC. It was an extraordinary building with a central row of inner columns. The Doric style temple measured 24,52x54,30m at the <a href="/wiki/Stylobate" title="Stylobate">stylobate</a>, and the number of pteron columns was 9x18. There were three columns <i>in antis</i> in its porch.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Paestum" title="Paestum">Paestum</a></b>. A Doric temple dedicated to Hera (the so-called temple of Poseidon) was built in the first half of the 5th century BC and is usually placed later than <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>. The temple measured 24,3X60,00 m at the <a href="/wiki/Stylobate" title="Stylobate">stylobate</a>. It was an hexastyle structure and the number of <a href="/wiki/Pteron" title="Pteron">pteron</a> columns was 6X14.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The temple was also used to worship <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> and another deity, whose identity is unknown.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agrigento-TempleD-Plan-bjs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Agrigento-TempleD-Plan-bjs.png/280px-Agrigento-TempleD-Plan-bjs.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Agrigento-TempleD-Plan-bjs.png/420px-Agrigento-TempleD-Plan-bjs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Agrigento-TempleD-Plan-bjs.png/560px-Agrigento-TempleD-Plan-bjs.png 2x" data-file-width="926" data-file-height="573" /></a><figcaption>Agrigento-TempleD-of Hera</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Agrigento" title="Agrigento">Agrigento</a></b>. The temple of Hera (Juno Lacinia)was a Doric style peripteral building, built in 450 BC. It measured 16,90X38,15m at the stylobate and the cella measured 9.45x28,00m. The number of pteron columns was 6X13.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a></b>. The predecessor of the Heraion was built in late 7th century BC and has left little traces. The long <a href="/wiki/Stoa" title="Stoa">stoa</a> of the Heraion is dated from the late 7th to 6th century B.C.E.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a></b>. The new Heraion was built in c.410BC after the burning of its predecessor in 423BC. It measured 17,40x38,00m at the stylobate and the dimensions of the cella were c.10,00x c.27,00m. The number of pteron columns cannot be specified.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mythology">Mythology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birth">Birth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Birth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hera_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2685_full.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hera_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2685_full.jpg/220px-Hera_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2685_full.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hera_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2685_full.jpg/330px-Hera_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2685_full.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hera_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2685_full.jpg/440px-Hera_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2685_full.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2236" data-file-height="1808" /></a><figcaption>Hera (according to inscription); <a href="/wiki/Tondo_(art)" title="Tondo (art)">tondo</a> of an Attic <a href="/wiki/White-ground" class="mw-redirect" title="White-ground">white-ground</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kylix_(drinking_cup)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kylix (drinking cup)">kylix</a></i> from <a href="/wiki/Vulci" title="Vulci">Vulci</a>, ca. 470 BCE</figcaption></figure> <p>Hera is the daughter of the <a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a> <a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a>, and the sibling of <a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronus was fated to be overthrown by one of his children; to prevent this, he swallowed all of his newborn children whole until Rhea tricked him into swallowing a stone instead of her youngest child, Zeus. Zeus grew up in secret and when he grew up he tricked his father into regurgitating his siblings, including Hera. Zeus then led the revolt against the Titans, banished them, and divided the dominion over the world with his brothers, Poseidon and Hades.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other traditions, however, appear to give Hera different upbringings. <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> states that she was nursed as an infant by the three daughters of the river <a href="/wiki/Asterion_(god)" title="Asterion (god)">Asterion</a>: <a href="/wiki/Euboea_(mythology)" title="Euboea (mythology)">Euboia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prosymna_(mythology)" title="Prosymna (mythology)">Prosymna</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Acraea" title="Acraea">Akraia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, in <a href="/wiki/The_Iliad" class="mw-redirect" title="The Iliad">the Iliad</a>, Hera states she was given by her mother to <a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a> to be raised: "I go now to the ends of the generous earth on a visit to the <a href="/wiki/Okeanos" class="mw-redirect" title="Okeanos">Ocean</a>, whence the gods have risen, and Tethys our mother who brought me up kindly in their own house, and cared for me and took me from Rheia, at that time when Zeus of the wide brows drove Kronos underneath the earth and the barren water."<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriage_with_Zeus">Marriage with Zeus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Marriage with Zeus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Over_life-size_statue_of_Hera,_from_the_Gymnasium_of_Salamis,_2nd_century_AD,_Cyprus_Museum,_Nicosia,_Cyprus_(22497777355).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Over_life-size_statue_of_Hera%2C_from_the_Gymnasium_of_Salamis%2C_2nd_century_AD%2C_Cyprus_Museum%2C_Nicosia%2C_Cyprus_%2822497777355%29.jpg/220px-Over_life-size_statue_of_Hera%2C_from_the_Gymnasium_of_Salamis%2C_2nd_century_AD%2C_Cyprus_Museum%2C_Nicosia%2C_Cyprus_%2822497777355%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="459" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Over_life-size_statue_of_Hera%2C_from_the_Gymnasium_of_Salamis%2C_2nd_century_AD%2C_Cyprus_Museum%2C_Nicosia%2C_Cyprus_%2822497777355%29.jpg/330px-Over_life-size_statue_of_Hera%2C_from_the_Gymnasium_of_Salamis%2C_2nd_century_AD%2C_Cyprus_Museum%2C_Nicosia%2C_Cyprus_%2822497777355%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Over_life-size_statue_of_Hera%2C_from_the_Gymnasium_of_Salamis%2C_2nd_century_AD%2C_Cyprus_Museum%2C_Nicosia%2C_Cyprus_%2822497777355%29.jpg/440px-Over_life-size_statue_of_Hera%2C_from_the_Gymnasium_of_Salamis%2C_2nd_century_AD%2C_Cyprus_Museum%2C_Nicosia%2C_Cyprus_%2822497777355%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2260" data-file-height="4712" /></a><figcaption>Marble statue of Hera, 2nd century, <a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Museum" title="Cyprus Museum">Cyprus Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hera is the goddess of marriage and childbirth rather than motherhood, and much of her mythology revolves around her marriage with her brother Zeus. She is charmed by him and she seduces him; he cheats on her and has many children with other goddesses and mortal women; she is intensely jealous and vindictive towards his children and their mothers; he is threatening and violent to her.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkert129_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkert129-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i>, Zeus implies their marriage was some sort of elopement, as they lay secretly from their parents.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> records a tale of how they came to be married in which Zeus transformed into a <a href="/wiki/Cuckoo" title="Cuckoo">cuckoo</a> to woo Hera. She caught the bird and kept it as her pet; this is why the cuckoo is seated on her sceptre.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a scholion on <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>' <i>Idylls</i>, when Hera was heading toward Mount Thornax alone, Zeus created a terrible storm and transformed himself into a cuckoo who flew down and sat on her lap. Hera covered him with her cloak. Zeus then transformed back and took hold of her; because she was refusing to sleep with him due to their <a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">mother</a>, he promised to marry her.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In one account Hera refused to marry Zeus and hid in a cave to avoid him; an earthborn man named Achilles convinced her to give him a chance, and thus the two had their first sexual intercourse.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a version attributed to <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, Hera had been reared by a nymph named <a href="/wiki/Macris" title="Macris">Macris</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea">Euboea</a>, but Zeus stole her away, where Mt. <a href="/wiki/Cithaeron" title="Cithaeron">Cithaeron</a> "afforded them a shady recess." When Macris came to look for her ward, the mountain-god Cithaeron drove her away, saying that Zeus was taking his pleasure there with Leto.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeus_Hera_Iris_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2304.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Zeus_Hera_Iris_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2304.jpg/240px-Zeus_Hera_Iris_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2304.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Zeus_Hera_Iris_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2304.jpg/360px-Zeus_Hera_Iris_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2304.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Zeus_Hera_Iris_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2304.jpg/480px-Zeus_Hera_Iris_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2304.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1731" data-file-height="2124" /></a><figcaption>God council in Olympus: Zeus and Hera throning, Iris serving them. Detail of the side A of an Attic red-figure belly-amphora, ca. 500 BC.<a href="/wiki/Staatliche_Antikensammlungen" title="Staatliche Antikensammlungen">Staatliche Antikensammlungen</a>, Munich</figcaption></figure> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Callimachus" title="Callimachus">Callimachus</a>, their wedding feast lasted three hundred years.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Apples of the <a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a> that <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> was tasked by <a href="/wiki/Eurystheus" title="Eurystheus">Eurystheus</a> to take were a wedding gift by <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a> to the couple.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a quarrel with Zeus, Hera left him and retreated to Euboea, and no word from Zeus managed to sway her mind. Cithaeron, the local king, then advised Zeus to take a wooden statue of a woman, wrap it up, and pretend to marry it. Zeus did as told, claiming "she" was Plataea, <a href="/wiki/Asopus" title="Asopus">Asopus</a>'s daughter. Hera, once she heard the news, disrupted the wedding ceremony and tore away the dress from the figure only to discover it was but a lifeless statue, and not a rival in love. The queen and her king were reconciled, and to commemorate this the people there celebrated a festival called <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pausanias927_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pausanias927-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the festival, a re-enactment of the myth was celebrated, where a wooden statue of Hera was chosen, bathed in the river Asopus and then raised on a chariot to lead the procession like a bride, and then ritually burned.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1842[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidRNVPAAAAYAAJpgPA313_313]_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1842[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidRNVPAAAAYAAJpgPA313_313]-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcmene" title="Alcmene">Alcmene</a>, the mother of Heracles, was the very last mortal woman Zeus ever slept with; following the birth of Heracles, he ceased to beget humans altogether.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heracles">Heracles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Heracles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herakles_strangling_snakes_Louvre_G192.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Herakles_strangling_snakes_Louvre_G192.jpg/220px-Herakles_strangling_snakes_Louvre_G192.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Herakles_strangling_snakes_Louvre_G192.jpg/330px-Herakles_strangling_snakes_Louvre_G192.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Herakles_strangling_snakes_Louvre_G192.jpg/440px-Herakles_strangling_snakes_Louvre_G192.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="2200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> strangling the snakes sent by Hera, <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attic</a> red-figured <a href="/wiki/Stamnos" title="Stamnos">stamnos</a>, ca. 480–470 BCE. From <a href="/wiki/Vulci" title="Vulci">Vulci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etruria" title="Etruria">Etruria</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hera is the stepmother and enemy of <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a>. The name Heracles means "Glory of Hera". In Homer's <i>Iliad</i>, when Alcmene was about to give birth to Heracles, Zeus announced to all the gods that on that day a child by Zeus himself, would be born and rule all those around him. Hera, after requesting Zeus to swear an oath to that effect, descended from <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Olympus</a> to <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a> and made the wife of <a href="/wiki/Sthenelus_(son_of_Andromeda_and_Perseus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sthenelus (son of Andromeda and Perseus)">Sthenelus</a> (son of Perseus) give birth to <a href="/wiki/Eurystheus" title="Eurystheus">Eurystheus</a> after only seven months, while at the same time preventing Alcmene from delivering Heracles. This resulted in the fulfillment of Zeus's oath in that it was Eurystheus rather than Heracles.<sup id="cite_ref-Hom._Il._19.95_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hom._Il._19.95-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias'</a> recounting, Hera sent witches (as they were called by the Thebans) to hinder Alcmene's delivery of Heracles. The witches were successful in preventing the birth until <a href="/wiki/Galanthis" title="Galanthis">Historis</a>, daughter of Tiresias, thought of a trick to deceive the witches. Like Galanthis, Historis announced that Alcmene had delivered her child; having been deceived, the witches went away, allowing Alcmene to give birth.<sup id="cite_ref-Paus._9.11.3_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paus._9.11.3-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hera's wrath against Zeus's son continued and while Heracles was still an infant, Hera sent two <a href="/wiki/Serpent_(symbolism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serpent (symbolism)">serpents</a> to kill him as he lay in his cot. Heracles throttled the snakes with his bare hands and was found by his nurse playing with their limp bodies as if they were a child's toys.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacopo_Tintoretto_-_The_Origin_of_the_Milky_Way_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Jacopo_Tintoretto_-_The_Origin_of_the_Milky_Way_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Jacopo_Tintoretto_-_The_Origin_of_the_Milky_Way_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Jacopo_Tintoretto_-_The_Origin_of_the_Milky_Way_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Jacopo_Tintoretto_-_The_Origin_of_the_Milky_Way_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Jacopo_Tintoretto_-_The_Origin_of_the_Milky_Way_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Jacopo_Tintoretto_-_The_Origin_of_the_Milky_Way_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2684" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Origin_of_the_Milky_Way" title="The Origin of the Milky Way">The Origin of the Milky Way</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Jacopo_Tintoretto" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacopo Tintoretto">Jacopo Tintoretto</a>, 1575</figcaption></figure> <p>One account of the origin of the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> is that Zeus had tricked Hera into nursing the infant Heracles: discovering who he was, she pulled him from her breast and a spurt of <a href="/wiki/Milk_of_Hera" title="Milk of Hera">her milk</a> formed the smear across the sky that can be seen to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her milk also created a white flower, the lily.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike any Greeks, the <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscans</a> instead pictured a full-grown bearded Heracles at Hera's breast, a reference to his adoption by her when he became an Immortal: he had previously wounded her severely in the breast. </p><p>When Heracles reached adulthood, Hera <a href="/wiki/Insanity" title="Insanity">drove him mad</a>, which led him to murder his family and this later led to him undertaking his famous labours. Hera assigned Heracles to labour for King <a href="/wiki/Eurystheus" title="Eurystheus">Eurystheus</a> at Mycenae. She attempted to make almost all of Heracles's twelve labours more difficult. When he fought the <a href="/wiki/Lernaean_Hydra" title="Lernaean Hydra">Lernaean Hydra</a>, she sent a <a href="/wiki/Karkinos" class="mw-redirect" title="Karkinos">crab</a> to bite at his feet in the hopes of distracting him. Later Hera stirred up the Amazons against him when he was on one of his quests. When Heracles took the cattle of <a href="/wiki/Geryon" title="Geryon">Geryon</a>, he shot Hera in the right breast with a triple-barbed arrow: the wound was incurable and left her in constant pain, as <a href="/wiki/Dione_(mythology)" title="Dione (mythology)">Dione</a> tells <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i>, Book V. Afterwards, Hera sent a <a href="/wiki/Gadfly_(mythology)" title="Gadfly (mythology)">gadfly</a> to bite the cattle, irritate them and scatter them. Hera then sent a flood which raised the water level of a river so much that Heracles could not ford the river with the cattle. He piled stones into the river to make the water shallower. When he finally reached the court of Eurystheus, the cattle were sacrificed to Hera. </p><p>Eurystheus also wanted to sacrifice the <a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Cretan Bull</a> to Hera. She refused the sacrifice because it reflected glory on Heracles. The bull was released and wandered to Marathon, becoming known as the <a href="/wiki/Marathonian_Bull" class="mw-redirect" title="Marathonian Bull">Marathonian Bull</a>. </p><p>Some myths state that in the end, Heracles befriended Hera by saving her from <a href="/wiki/Porphyrion" title="Porphyrion">Porphyrion</a>, a giant who tried to rape her during the <a href="/wiki/Gigantomachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigantomachy">Gigantomachy</a>, and that she even gave her daughter <a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a> as his bride. Whatever myth-making served to account for an archaic representation of Heracles as "Hera's man", it was thought <a href="/wiki/Decorum" title="Decorum">suitable</a> for the builders of the Heraion at <a href="/wiki/Paestum" title="Paestum">Paestum</a> to depict the exploits of Heracles in <a href="/wiki/Bas-relief" class="mw-redirect" title="Bas-relief">bas-relief</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leto_and_the_Twins:_Apollo_and_Artemis">Leto and the Twins: Apollo and Artemis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Leto and the Twins: Apollo and Artemis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Hera discovered that <a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a> was pregnant and that Zeus was the father, she convinced the nature spirits to prevent Leto from giving birth on <a href="/wiki/Solid_earth" title="Solid earth">terra-firma</a>, the mainland, any island at sea, or any place under the sun.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poseidon gave pity to Leto and guided her to the floating island of <a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a>, which was neither mainland nor a real island where Leto was able to give birth to her children.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Afterwards, Zeus secured Delos to the bottom of the ocean.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFreese1911184_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFreese1911184-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The island later became sacred to Apollo. Alternatively, Hera kidnapped <a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a>, the goddess of childbirth, to prevent Leto from going into labor. The other gods bribed Hera with a beautiful necklace nobody could resist and she finally gave in.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_148-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Either way, Artemis was born first and then assisted with the birth of Apollo.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some versions say Artemis helped her mother give birth to Apollo for nine days.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_148-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another variation states that Artemis was born one day before Apollo, on the island of <a href="/wiki/Ortygia" title="Ortygia">Ortygia</a> and that she helped Leto cross the sea to Delos the next day to give birth to Apollo. </p><p>Later, <a href="/wiki/Tityos" title="Tityos">Tityos</a> attempted to rape Leto at the behest of Hera. He was slain by Artemis and Apollo. </p><p>This account of the birth of Apollo and Artemis is contradicted by <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a> in <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a>, as the twins are born prior to Zeus's marriage to Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Io_and_Argus">Io and Argus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Io and Argus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Figino.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Figino.jpg/170px-Figino.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Figino.jpg/255px-Figino.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Figino.jpg/340px-Figino.jpg 2x" data-file-width="694" data-file-height="1012" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a> with <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Ambrogio_Figino" title="Giovanni Ambrogio Figino">Giovanni Ambrogio Figino</a>, 1599</figcaption></figure> <p>The myth of Io has many forms and embellishments. Generally, Io was a priestess of Hera at the <a href="/wiki/Heraion_of_Argos" title="Heraion of Argos">Heraion of Argos</a>. Zeus lusted after her and either Hera turned Io into a heifer to hide her from Zeus, or Zeus did so to hide her from Hera but was discovered. Hera had Io tethered to an olive-tree and set <a href="/wiki/Argus_Panoptes" title="Argus Panoptes">Argus Panoptes</a> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">all-seeing</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) to watch over her, but Zeus sent Hermes to kill him.<sup id="cite_ref-OCD_Io_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCD_Io-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Infuriated, Hera then sent a gadfly (Greek <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc">oistros</i></span>, compare <a href="/wiki/Estrus_cycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrus cycle">oestrus</a>) to pursue and constantly sting Io, who fled into Asia and eventually reached Egypt. There Zeus restored her to human form and she gave birth to his son <a href="/wiki/Epaphus" title="Epaphus">Epaphus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OCD_Io_151-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCD_Io-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judgment_of_Paris">Judgment of Paris</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Judgment of Paris"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_Paris" title="Judgement of Paris">Judgement of Paris</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Judgement_of_Paris_Met_98.8.11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Judgement_of_Paris_Met_98.8.11.jpg/280px-Judgement_of_Paris_Met_98.8.11.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Judgement_of_Paris_Met_98.8.11.jpg/420px-Judgement_of_Paris_Met_98.8.11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Judgement_of_Paris_Met_98.8.11.jpg/560px-Judgement_of_Paris_Met_98.8.11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2573" data-file-height="2144" /></a><figcaption>Judgement of Paris.Side B from an Attic black-figure neck amphora, 540-530BC. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A prophecy stated that a son of the sea-nymph <a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a>, with whom Zeus fell in love after gazing upon her in the oceans off the Greek coast, would become greater than his father.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Possibly for this reason,<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thetis was betrothed to an elderly human king, <a href="/wiki/Peleus" title="Peleus">Peleus</a> son of <a href="/wiki/Aeacus" title="Aeacus">Aeacus</a>, either upon Zeus's orders,<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or because she wished to please Hera, who had raised her.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All the gods and goddesses as well as various mortals were invited to the marriage of Peleus and Thetis (the eventual parents of <a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a>) and brought many gifts.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only Eris, goddess of discord, was not invited and was stopped at the door by Hermes, on Zeus's order. She was annoyed at this, so she threw from the door a gift of her own:<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Golden_apple" title="Golden apple">golden apple</a> inscribed with the word καλλίστῃ (kallistēi, "To the fairest").<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a>, Hera, and Athena all claimed to be the fairest, and thus the rightful owner of the apple. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mengs,_Urteil_des_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mengs%2C_Urteil_des_Paris.jpg/240px-Mengs%2C_Urteil_des_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mengs%2C_Urteil_des_Paris.jpg/360px-Mengs%2C_Urteil_des_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mengs%2C_Urteil_des_Paris.jpg/480px-Mengs%2C_Urteil_des_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1771" data-file-height="1342" /></a><figcaption>This is one of the <a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_Paris#Gallery" title="Judgement of Paris">many works</a> depicting the event. Hera is the goddess in the center, wearing the crown. <i>Das Urteil des Paris</i> by <a href="/wiki/Anton_Raphael_Mengs" title="Anton Raphael Mengs">Anton Raphael Mengs</a>, ca. 1757</figcaption></figure> <p>The goddesses quarreled bitterly over it, and none of the other gods would venture an opinion favoring one, for fear of earning the enmity of the other two. They chose to place the matter before Zeus, who, not wanting to favor one of the goddesses, put the choice into the hands of <a href="/wiki/Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Trojan</a> prince. After bathing in the spring of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida" title="Mount Ida">Mount Ida</a> where Troy was situated, they appeared before Paris to have him choose. The goddesses undressed before him, either at his request or for the sake of winning. Still, Paris could not decide, as all three were ideally beautiful, so they resorted to bribes. Hera offered Paris political power and control of all of <a href="/wiki/Asia_Minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Minor">Asia</a>, while Athena offered wisdom, fame, and glory in battle, and Aphrodite offered the most beautiful mortal woman in the world as a wife, and he accordingly chose her. This woman was <a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen</a>, who was, unfortunately for Paris, already married to King <a href="/wiki/Menelaus" title="Menelaus">Menelaus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sparta#Prehistory,_"dark_age"_and_archaic_period" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>. The other two goddesses were enraged by this and through Helen's abduction by Paris, they brought about the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Iliad"><i>The Iliad</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: The Iliad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theoi_Cdm_Paris_229.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Theoi_Cdm_Paris_229.jpg/280px-Theoi_Cdm_Paris_229.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Theoi_Cdm_Paris_229.jpg/420px-Theoi_Cdm_Paris_229.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Theoi_Cdm_Paris_229.jpg/560px-Theoi_Cdm_Paris_229.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2631" data-file-height="1905" /></a><figcaption><b>English:</b> Hermes, Athena, Zeus (seated), Hera and Ares (all named). Side A of an Attic black-figure neck-amphora, end of 6th century BC. <a href="/wiki/BnF_Museum" title="BnF Museum">BnF Museum</a>, Paris</figcaption></figure> <p>Hera plays a substantial role in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Iliad" class="mw-redirect" title="The Iliad">The Iliad</a></i>, appearing in several books throughout the epic poem. She hates the <a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Trojans</a> because of Paris's decision that <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> was the most beautiful goddess, and so supports the Greeks during the war. Throughout the epic, Hera makes many attempts to thwart the Trojan army. In books 1 and 2, Hera declares that the Trojans must be destroyed. Hera persuades <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> to aid the <a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(Homer)" title="Achaeans (Homer)">Achaeans</a> in battle and she agrees to assist with interfering on their behalf.<sup id="cite_ref-Iliad_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliad-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In book 5, Hera and Athena plot to harm <a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a>, who had been seen by <a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a> in assisting the Trojans. Diomedes called for his soldiers to fall back slowly. Hera, Ares's mother, saw Ares's interference and asked <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>, Ares's father, for permission to drive Ares away from the battlefield. Hera encouraged Diomedes to attack Ares and he threw his spear at the god. Athena drove the spear into Ares's body, and he bellowed in pain and fled to <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a>, forcing the Trojans to fall back.<sup id="cite_ref-Iliad_159-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliad-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In book 8, Hera tries to persuade <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> to disobey Zeus and help the Achaean army. He refuses, saying he doesn't want to go against Zeus. Determined to intervene in the war, Hera and Athena head to the battlefield. However, seeing the two flee, Zeus sent Iris to intercept them and make them return to Mount Olympus or face grave consequences. After prolonged fighting, Hera sees Poseidon aiding the Greeks and giving them the motivation to keep fighting. </p><p>In book 14 Hera devises a plan to deceive Zeus. Zeus set a decree that the gods were not allowed to interfere in the mortal war. Hera is on the side of the Achaeans, so she plans a <a href="/wiki/Deception_of_Zeus" title="Deception of Zeus">Deception of Zeus</a> where she seduces him, with help from Aphrodite, and tricks him into a deep sleep, with the help of <a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a>, so that the Gods could interfere without the fear of Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In book 21, Hera continues her interference with the battle as she tells <a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a> to prevent the river from harming <a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a>. Hephaestus sets the battlefield ablaze, causing the river to plead with Hera, promising her he will not help the Trojans if Hephaestus stops his attack. Hephaestus stops his assault and Hera returns to the battlefield where the gods begin to fight amongst themselves. After Apollo declines to battle Poseidon, <a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a> eagerly engages Hera for a duel. Hera however treats the challenge as unimportant, easily disarming the haughty rival goddess and beating her with her own weapons. Artemis is left retreating back to <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a> in tears to cry at Zeus's lap.<sup id="cite_ref-Iliad_159-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliad-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minor_stories">Minor stories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Minor stories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hera_Prometheus_Cdm_Paris_542.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Hera_Prometheus_Cdm_Paris_542.jpg/220px-Hera_Prometheus_Cdm_Paris_542.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Hera_Prometheus_Cdm_Paris_542.jpg/330px-Hera_Prometheus_Cdm_Paris_542.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Hera_Prometheus_Cdm_Paris_542.jpg/440px-Hera_Prometheus_Cdm_Paris_542.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1730" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>Hera and <a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tondo_(art)" title="Tondo (art)">tondo</a> of a 5th-century BCE cup from <a href="/wiki/Vulci" title="Vulci">Vulci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etruria" title="Etruria">Etruria</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Semele_and_Dionysus">Semele and Dionysus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Semele and Dionysus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Dionysus#Birth" title="Dionysus">Dionysus § Birth</a></div> <p>When Hera learned that <a href="/wiki/Semele" title="Semele">Semele</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a> King of <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a>, was pregnant by Zeus, she disguised herself as Semele's nurse and persuaded the princess to insist that Zeus show himself to her in his true form. When he was compelled to do so, having sworn by <a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Hamilton_161-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamilton-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> his thunder and lightning destroyed Semele. Zeus took Semele's unborn child, <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a>, and completed its gestation sewn into his own thigh. </p><p>In another version, Dionysus was originally the son of Zeus by either Demeter or <a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a>. Hera sent her Titans to rip the baby apart, from which he was called Zagreus ("Torn in Pieces"). Zeus rescued the heart; or, the heart was saved, variously, by <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zeus used the heart to recreate <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> and implant him in the womb of Semele—hence Dionysus became known as "the twice-born". Certain versions imply that Zeus gave Semele the heart to eat to impregnate her. Hera tricked Semele into asking Zeus to reveal his true form, which killed her. Dionysus later managed to rescue his mother from the underworld and have her live on Mount Olympus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lamia">Lamia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Lamia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Lamia_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamia (mythology)">Lamia</a> was a lovely queen of <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>, whom Zeus loved; Hera in jealousy robbed Lamia of their children, either by kidnapping and hiding them away, killing them, or causing Lamia herself to kill her own offspring.<sup id="cite_ref-johnston_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-johnston-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lamia became disfigured from the torment, transforming into a terrifying being who hunted and killed the children of others.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gerana">Gerana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Gerana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gerana" title="Gerana">Gerana</a> was a queen of the <a href="/wiki/Pygmies" class="mw-redirect" title="Pygmies">Pygmies</a> who boasted she was more beautiful than Hera. The wrathful goddess turned her into a crane and proclaimed that her bird descendants should wage eternal war on the Pygmy folk.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cydippe">Cydippe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Cydippe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_a_female_deity_(Academy_of_Athens)_on_May_22,_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Statue_of_a_female_deity_%28Academy_of_Athens%29_on_May_22%2C_2022.jpg/250px-Statue_of_a_female_deity_%28Academy_of_Athens%29_on_May_22%2C_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Statue_of_a_female_deity_%28Academy_of_Athens%29_on_May_22%2C_2022.jpg/375px-Statue_of_a_female_deity_%28Academy_of_Athens%29_on_May_22%2C_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Statue_of_a_female_deity_%28Academy_of_Athens%29_on_May_22%2C_2022.jpg/500px-Statue_of_a_female_deity_%28Academy_of_Athens%29_on_May_22%2C_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="1028" /></a><figcaption>Hera in the pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Athens_(modern)" title="Academy of Athens (modern)">Academy of Athens</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Cydippe" title="Cydippe">Cydippe</a>, a priestess of Hera, was on her way to a festival in the goddess's honor. The oxen which were to pull her cart were overdue and her sons, <a href="/wiki/Kleobis_and_Biton" title="Kleobis and Biton">Biton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cleobis" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleobis">Cleobis</a>, pulled the cart the entire way (45 <a href="/wiki/Stadia_(length)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadia (length)">stadia</a>, 8 kilometers). Cydippe was impressed with their devotion to her and Hera, and so asked Hera to give her children the best gift a god could give a person. Hera ordained that the brothers would die in their sleep. </p><p>This honor bestowed upon the children was later used by <a href="/wiki/Solon" title="Solon">Solon</a> as proof when trying to convince <a href="/wiki/Croesus" title="Croesus">Croesus</a> that it is impossible to judge a person's happiness until they have died a fruitful death after a joyous life.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tiresias">Tiresias</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Tiresias"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a> was a priest of Zeus, and as a young man, he encountered two snakes mating and hit them with a stick. He was then transformed into a woman. As a woman, Tiresias became a priestess of Hera, married, and had children, including <a href="/wiki/Manto_(mythology)" title="Manto (mythology)">Manto</a>. After seven years as a woman, Tiresias again found mating snakes; depending on the myth, either she made sure to leave the snakes alone this time, or, according to <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Hyginus</a>, trampled on them and became a man once more.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of his experiences, Zeus and Hera asked him to settle the question of which sex, male or female, experienced more pleasure during <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">intercourse</a>. Zeus claimed it was women; Hera claimed it was men. When Tiresias sided with Zeus, Hera struck him blind.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since Zeus could not undo what she had done, he gave him the gift of prophecy. </p><p>An alternative and less commonly told story has it that Tiresias was blinded by <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> after he stumbled onto her bathing naked. His mother, <a href="/wiki/Chariclo" title="Chariclo">Chariclo</a>, begged her to undo her curse, but Athena could not; she gave him a prophecy instead. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chelone">Chelone</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Chelone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the marriage of Zeus and Hera, a <a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">nymph</a> named <a href="/wiki/Chelone_(Greek_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chelone (Greek mythology)">Chelone</a> was disrespectful or refused to attend the wedding. Zeus thus turned her into a <a href="/wiki/Tortoise" title="Tortoise">tortoise</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Golden_Fleece">The Golden Fleece</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: The Golden Fleece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hera hated <a href="/wiki/Pelias" title="Pelias">Pelias</a> because he had killed <a href="/wiki/Sidero" title="Sidero">Sidero</a>, his step-grandmother, in one of the goddess's temples. She later convinced <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a> to kill Pelias. The <a href="/wiki/Golden_Fleece" title="Golden Fleece">Golden Fleece</a> was the item that Jason needed to get his mother freed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ixion">Ixion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Ixion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> had pity on <a href="/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion">Ixion</a> and brought him to Olympus and introduced him to the gods, instead of being grateful, Ixion grew lustful for Hera. Zeus found out about his intentions and made a cloud in the shape of Hera, who was later named <a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a>, and tricked Ixion into coupling with it. From their union came <a href="/wiki/Centaurus_(Greek_mythology)" title="Centaurus (Greek mythology)">Centaurus</a>. So Ixion was expelled from Olympus and Zeus ordered <a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a> to bind Ixion to a winged fiery wheel that was always spinning. Therefore, Ixion was bound to a burning solar wheel for all eternity, first spinning across the heavens, but in later myth transferred to <a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Children">Children</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Father</th> <th>Functions</th> <th>Explanation </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(mythology)" title="Angelos (mythology)">Angelos</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>An underworld goddess </td> <td>Her story only survives in <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>' Idyll 2. She was raised by <a href="/wiki/Nymphs" class="mw-redirect" title="Nymphs">nymphs</a>. One day she stole Hera's anointments and gave them away to <a href="/wiki/Europa_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Europa (mythology)">Europa</a>. To escape her mother's wrath, she tried to hide. Hera eventually ceased prosecuting her, and Zeus ordered the <a href="/wiki/Cabeiroi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabeiroi">Cabeiroi</a> to cleanse Angelos. They performed the purification rite in the waters of the <a href="/wiki/Acherusia" title="Acherusia">Acherusia</a> Lake in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld</a>. Consequently, she received the world of the dead as her realm of influence, and was assigned the epithet <i>katachthonia</i> ("she of the underworld").<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>God of war </td> <td>According to <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i>, he was a son of Zeus and Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-Theo-921_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Theo-921-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arge" title="Arge">Arge</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>A <a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">nymph</a> </td> <td>A nymph daughter of Zeus and Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> </td> <td>Not named </td> <td>Goddesses of grace and beauty </td> <td>Though usually considered as the daughters of Zeus and <a href="/wiki/Eurynome" title="Eurynome">Eurynome</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coronis_(mythology)" title="Coronis (mythology)">Coronis</a> according to <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-48.548_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48.548-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the poet <a href="/wiki/Colluthus" class="mw-redirect" title="Colluthus">Colluthus</a> makes them the daughters of Hera, without naming a father.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>Goddess of childbirth </td> <td>In <i>Theogony</i> and other sources, she is described as a daughter of Hera by Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-Theo-921_172-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Theo-921-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although, the meticulously accurate mythographer <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a> in <i>Seventh Nemean Ode</i> mentions Hera as Eileithyia's mother but makes no mention of Zeus. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eleutheria" title="Eleutheria">Eleutheria</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>Personification of liberty </td> <td>Eleutheria is the Greek counterpart of <a href="/wiki/Libertas" title="Libertas">Libertas</a> (Liberty), daughter of Jupiter (Zeus) and Juno (Hera) as cited in Hyginus, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i> Preface. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>A war goddess </td> <td>She was responsible for the destruction of cities and an attendant of Ares, though Homer equates Enyo with Eris. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>Goddess of discord </td> <td>She appears in <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> Book IV, equated with Enyo as the sister of Ares and so presumably the daughter of Zeus and Hera. Alternatively, <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a> refers to Eris as the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a> in both <i><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>Goddess of youth </td> <td>She was a daughter of Zeus and Hera.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a rare alternative version, Hera alone produced Hebe after being impregnated by eating lettuce.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_169-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a> </td> <td>Zeus </td> <td>God of fire and the forge </td> <td>Attested by the Greek poet Hesiod, Hera was jealous of Zeus's giving birth to <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> with <a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a>, so she gave birth to Hephaestus without union with Zeus<sup id="cite_ref-:1_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (though Homer has Hephaestus refer to "father Zeus"<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Hera was then disgusted with Hephaestus's ugliness and threw him from <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a version of the myth,<sup id="cite_ref-Hedreen_2004_180-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hedreen_2004-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kerenyi_1951_181-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kerenyi_1951-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hephaestus gained revenge against Hera for rejecting him by making her a magical throne that did not allow her to leave once she sat on it.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_179-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other gods begged Hephaestus to return to Olympus to let her go, but he repeatedly refused.<sup id="cite_ref-Kerenyi_1951_181-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kerenyi_1951-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> got him drunk and took him back to Olympus on the back of a mule.<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hephaestus released Hera after being given <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> as his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESlater1968199–200_183-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESlater1968199–200-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> (?) </td> <td>One of the <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Graces</a> </td> <td>Although in other works Pasithea doesn't seem to be born to Hera, <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a> made the Grace Hera's daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elsewhere in the book, Pasithea's father is said to be <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it's unclear whether those two together are meant to be Pasithea's parents.<sup id="cite_ref-first_190-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-first-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eurymedon_(mythology)" title="Eurymedon (mythology)">Eurymedon</a> </td> <td>God of forethought </td> <td>Although usually Prometheus is said to be the son of <a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a> by his wife <a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mythology)" title="Clymene (mythology)">Clymene</a><sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Asia_(Oceanid)" title="Asia (Oceanid)">Asia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hellenistic poet <a href="/wiki/Euphorion_of_Chalcis" title="Euphorion of Chalcis">Euphorion</a> made Prometheus the son of Hera by the giant <a href="/wiki/Eurymedon_(mythology)" title="Eurymedon (mythology)">Eurymedon</a>, who raped the young goddess while she was still living with her parents.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>Serpent-monster </td> <td>Typhon is presented both as the son of Hera (in Homeric <i>Pythian Hymn to Apollo</i>) and as the son of Gaia (in Hesiod's <i>Theogony</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns"><i>Homeric Hymn to Apollo</i></a> (6th century BCE), <a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Parthenogenesis" title="Parthenogenesis">parthenogenous</a> child of Hera, whom she bore alone as a revenge at Zeus who had given birth to Athena. Hera prayed to Gaia to give her a son as strong as Zeus, then slapped the ground and became pregnant.<sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hera gave the infant Typhon to the serpent <a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a> to raise, and Typhon grew up to become a great bane to mortals.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The b scholia to <i>Iliad</i> 2.783, however, has Typhon born in Cilicia as the offspring of Cronus. Gaia, angry at the destruction of the Giants, slanders Zeus to Hera. So Hera goes to Cronus and he gives her two eggs smeared with his own semen, telling her to bury them, and that from them would be born one who would overthrow Zeus. Hera, angry at Zeus, buries the eggs in Cilicia "under Arimon", but when Typhon is born, Hera, now reconciled with Zeus, informs him.<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genealogy">Genealogy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Genealogy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="collapsible expanded" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:60em; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:auto">Hera's family tree <sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><small>Uranus' genitals</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b>HERA</b></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em">    a <sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em">     b<sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a><sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" 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rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td 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solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Maia_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maia (mythology)">Maia</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Semele" title="Semele">Semele</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em">    a <sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em">     b<sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Art_and_events">Art and events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Art and events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barberini_Hera" title="Barberini Hera">Barberini Hera</a> - a Roman sculpture of Hera/Juno</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera_Borghese" title="Hera Borghese">Hera Borghese</a> - a sculpture related to Hera</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera_Farnese" title="Hera Farnese">Hera Farnese</a> - a sculpture of Hera's head</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraea_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraea Games">Heraea Games</a> - games dedicated to Hera—the first sanctioned (and recorded) women's athletic competition to be held in the <a href="/wiki/Stadium_at_Olympia" title="Stadium at Olympia">stadium at Olympia</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/32px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/48px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/64px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Greece" title="Portal:Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece portal</a> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/32px-Draig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/48px-Draig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/64px-Draig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="713" data-file-height="475" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Myths" title="Portal:Myths">Myths portal</a> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/31px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/47px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/62px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Au%C3%B0umbla" title="Auðumbla">Auðumbla</a>, a primeval cow in Norse mythology</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-first-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-first_190-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Throughout the epic, <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a> gives conflicting parentages of various characters: for example <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a>'s daughter <a href="/wiki/Astris" title="Astris">Astris</a>'s mother in book 17<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> seems to be <a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene</a> while it's <a href="/wiki/Ceto_(Oceanid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceto (Oceanid)">Ceto</a> in Book 26,<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Lelantos" title="Lelantos">Lelantos</a>'s daughter <a href="/wiki/Aura_(mythology)" title="Aura (mythology)">Aura</a>'s mother is <a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a> in Book 1,<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but <a href="/wiki/Periboea" title="Periboea">Periboea</a> in Book 48.<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover, Pasithea is described as one of the Graces, and elsewhere in the poem the Graces' parents are given as Dionysus and <a href="/wiki/Coronis_(mythology)" title="Coronis (mythology)">Coronis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48.548_174-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48.548-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Elder-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Elder_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elder_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elder_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elder_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elder_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elder_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elder_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.2307/498508">Elderkin(1937), "The marriage of Zeus with Hera"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Larouse-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Larouse_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia</i>, <a href="/wiki/The_Book_People" title="The Book People">The Book People</a>, Haydock, 1995, p. 215.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/LSJ" class="mw-redirect" title="LSJ">LSJ</a> s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3De)rato%2Fs">ἐρατός</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cratylus" title="Cratylus">Cratylus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0172%3Atext%3DCrat.%3Asection%3D404c">404c</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On Isis and Osiris, 32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burkert131-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert131_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert131_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Greek religion", pp. 131–132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chadwick, <i>The Mycenaean World</i> (Cambridge University Press). 1976:87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Windekens, in <i>Glotta</i> <b>36</b> (1958), pp. 309–11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._P._Beekes" title="Robert S. P. Beekes">R. S. P. Beekes</a>, <i>Etymological Dictionary of Greek</i>, Brill, 2009, p. 524.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.palaeolexicon.com/ShowWord.aspx?Id=16725">"The Linear B word e-ra"</a>. <i>Palaeolexicon. Word study tool of Ancient languages</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Palaeolexicon.+Word+study+tool+of+Ancient+languages&rft.atitle=The+Linear+B+word+e-ra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.palaeolexicon.com%2FShowWord.aspx%3FId%3D16725&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaymoure" class="citation web cs1">Raymoure, K.A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322064243/http://minoan.deaditerranean.com/resources/linear-b-sign-groups/e/e-ra/">"e-ra"</a>. <i>Minoan Linear A & Mycenaean Linear B</i>. Deaditerranean. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minoan.deaditerranean.com/resources/linear-b-sign-groups/e/e-ra/">the original</a> on 2016-03-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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In: <i>Graeco-Latina Brunensia</i> vol. 21, iss. 2 (2016). p. 47. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:2336-4424">2336-4424</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilli2010" class="citation journal cs1">Willi, Andreas (1 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.classics.ox.ac.uk/publication/146382/scopus">"Hera, Eros, Iuno Sororia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Indogermanische_Forschungen" title="Indogermanische Forschungen">Indogermanische Forschungen</a></i>. <b>115</b> (2010): <span class="nowrap">234–</span>267. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9783110222814.1.234">10.1515/9783110222814.1.234</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170712165">170712165</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indogermanische+Forschungen&rft.atitle=Hera%2C+Eros%2C+Iuno+Sororia&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=2010&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E234-%3C%2Fspan%3E267&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9783110222814.1.234&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A170712165%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Willi&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.classics.ox.ac.uk%2Fpublication%2F146382%2Fscopus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Van der Toorn, Karel; Becking, Bob; van der Horst, Pieter Willem (1999), Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible (second ed.), Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdman's Publishing Company, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8028-2491-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8028-2491-9">0-8028-2491-9</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yCkRz5pfxz0C">[1]</a> p.401-402</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell195-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell195_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell195_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, p.195</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nilsson429-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson429_15-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nilsson, "Geschichte", Vol i, p.428-429</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell194-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell194_16-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, 194-197</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pausanias927-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pausanias927_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pausanias927_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pausanias927_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Description of Greece</i>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D9%3Achapter%3D2%3Asection%3D7">9.2.7-9.3.2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell241-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell241_18-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, 241-243</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell249-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell249_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell249_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell249_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell249_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell249_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell249_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, 249-254</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paus8222-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Paus8222_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paus8222_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paus8222_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D8%3Achapter%3D22%3Asection%3D2">Pausanias 8.22.2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=suzugi%2Fa&la=greek#Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=suzu/gios-contents">συζύγιος</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=zygia-bio-1">A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Zygia and Zygius</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D15%3Asection%3D11">Pausanias 5.15.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell246-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell246_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell246_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell246_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell246_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell246_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell246_24-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell246_24-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell246_24-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, 246-252</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Joseph Clauss, Sarah Iles Johnston. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=480Wd8G6LPYC&pg=PA46">Medea: Essays on Medea in myth, literature, philosophy, and art</a></i>, 1997. p.46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+2.24.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">Pausanias 2.24.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry%3Dbounai/a">A Greek-English Lexicon βουναία</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heinrich Schliemann. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ilioscityandcou00unkngoog/page/n318">Ilios: The city and country of the Trojans</a></i>, 1881.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/alpha/2504">Suda, alpha, 2504</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D22%3Asection%3D1">Pausanias 2.22.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=euergesia&la=greek#lexicon">Ευεργεσία</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">H.G.Payne, Perachora 1940: Nilsson, Vol I, p.428A1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D13%3Aentry%3Dpelasga-bio-1">A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Pelasga</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D9%3Achapter%3D2%3Asection%3D7">Pausanias 3.15.7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell247-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell247_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell247_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, p.247</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hesch. "Thelxinia Hera is honoured by the Athenians"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=qeomhtwr&l8a=greek#lexicon">Θεομήτωρ</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+5.15.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">Pausanias 5.15.5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+6.13.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">Pausanias 6.13.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=leukwlenos&la=greek#lexicon">λευκωλενος</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nilsson412-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson412_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nilsson412_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nilsson, Vol I, p.412</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=meili%2Fxios&la=greek#lexicon">μειλίχιος</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.55">Diodorus Siculus, Library, 5.55.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+3.13.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">Pausanias 3.13.8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dietrich178-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dietrich178_45-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dietrich (1975), "The origins of Greek religion", p.178 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TZVsDwAAQBAJ">p.178</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Obrien4-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Obrien4_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Obrien4_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Obrien4_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Obrien4_46-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Obrien4_46-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Brien1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joan_V._O%27Brien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joan V. O'Brien (page does not exist)">O'Brien, Joan V.</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a77yKM26GfYC&pg=PA4"><i>The Transformation of Hera: A Study of Ritual, Hero, and the Goddess in the Iliad</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. <span class="nowrap">4–</span>6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8476-7808-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8476-7808-2"><bdi>978-0-8476-7808-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Transformation+of+Hera%3A+A+Study+of+Ritual%2C+Hero%2C+and+the+Goddess+in+the+Iliad&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E4-%3C%2Fspan%3E6&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8476-7808-2&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Joan+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da77yKM26GfYC%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-West184-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-West184_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-West184_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-West184_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">West (2007),"Indoeuropean poetry and myth", p.184-185 :<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXrJA_5LKlYC&pg=PA184">P.185</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kirk-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kirk_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kirk_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kirk_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirk, Raven,Schofield(1975), "The Presocratic Philosophers": <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kFpd86J8PLsC">p.57-58</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leaming-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Leaming_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leaming_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Leaming,Fee ,:The Goddess. Myths of the Great mother":<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kjO6CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT17">p.17-18</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkert (1985), "Greek religion", p.43,45: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.gr/books?">id=sxurBtx6shoC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false p.43,45</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+4.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134">Iliad 4.8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NilssonA-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NilssonA_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">, "Geschichte", Vol I, pp. 350,428</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aeschylus :Suppliant Maedens, 297</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OBrien49-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OBrien49_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Brian Joan(1993) "The transformation of Hera" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a77yKM26GfYC&pg=PA49">p.49</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChadwick1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Chadwick" title="John Chadwick">Chadwick, John</a> (1976). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mycenaeanworld00chad"><i>The Mycenaean World</i></a></span>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-29037-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-29037-1"><bdi>978-0-521-29037-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mycenaean+World&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-521-29037-1&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmycenaeanworld00chad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span> p.95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkert (1985), "Greek religion": <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sxurBtx6shoC">p. 64</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+14.295&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134">Iliad 14.295</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, p.185</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burkert17-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert17_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert17_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkert (1985), "Greek religion" :<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sxurBtx6shoC">p,17-18</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burkert129-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert129_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert129_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert129_60-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkert (1998), "Greek religion" , p.129-134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burkert52-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert52_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert52_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkert (1985), "Greek religion", p.52 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sxurBtx6shoC">p.52</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OBrien53a-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OBrien53a_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OBrien53a_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OBrien53a_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Brien Joan (1993), "The transformation of Hera" , <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a77yKM26GfYC&pg=PA54">p.53-57</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bremmer-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bremmer_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bremmer_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bremmer_63-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBremmer2008" class="citation book cs1">Bremmer, Jan N. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTfxZH4QnqgC&dq=artemis+lygodesma&pg=PA187"><i>Greek Religion and Culture, the Bible, and the Ancient Near East</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004164734" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004164734"><bdi>978-9004164734</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Religion+and+Culture%2C+the+Bible%2C+and+the+Ancient+Near+East&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-9004164734&rft.aulast=Bremmer&rft.aufirst=Jan+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYTfxZH4QnqgC%26dq%3Dartemis%2Blygodesma%26pg%3DPA187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span> p.187</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burkert63-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Burkert63_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">I Burkert (1985), "Greek religion",p.63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schach-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schach_65-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schach_65-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schach_65-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schach_65-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schach_65-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schachermeyer(1964) ,"Die Minoische Kultur des alten Kreta", p. 308-310</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roscher (1875), "Studien z.vergleichend Mythologie der Griechen und Romer II, Juno und Hera". p 40,387: Nilsson, ""Geschichte", Vol. I, p.432</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Euripides,Chryssipos fr.839:Nilsson,"Geschichte" Vol I p.460</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell182-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Farnell182_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell, Cults I, p.182</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomer2000" class="citation book cs1">Homer, 751? BCE-651? BCE (2000-06-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2199"><i>The Iliad</i></a>. Translated by Butler, Samuel.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Iliad&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.aulast=Homer&rft.aufirst=751%3F+BCE-651%3F+BCE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Febooks%2F2199&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nilsson, "Geschichte", Vol I, p. 427-428</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, <i>A Greek-English Lexicon</i>, on Perseus Digital Library :<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=hrai%2Fos&la=greek#lexicon">Ἡραίος </a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell, Cults I, p.197-198</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin Persson Nilsson, <i>The Minoan-Mycenaean Religion and Its Survival in Greek Religion</i> (Lund) 1950 pt. I.ii "House Sanctuaries", pp 77-116; H. W. Catling, "A Late Bronze Age House- or Sanctuary-Model from the Menelaion, Sparta," <i>BSA</i> <b>84</b> (1989) 171-175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Burkert</a>, p. 132, including quote; Burkert: <i>Orientalizing Revolution</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Description of Greece</i> 3.13.6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Her name appears, with Zeus and Hermes, in a <a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a> inscription (Tn 316) at Mycenean <a href="/wiki/Pylos" title="Pylos">Pylos</a> (John Chadwick, <i>The Mycenaean World</i> [Cambridge University Press] 1976:89).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">P.C. Sestieri, <i>Paestum, the City, the Prehistoric Acropolis in Contrada Gaudo, and the Heraion at the Mouth of the Sele</i> (Rome 1960), p. 11, etc. "It is odd that there was no temple dedicated to Poseidon in a city named for him (Paestum was originally called Poseidonia). Perhaps there was one at Sele, the settlement that preceded Paestum," Sarantis Symeonoglou suggested (Symeonoglou, "The Doric Temples of Paestum" <i>Journal of Aesthetic Education</i>, <b>19</b>.1, Special Issue: Paestum and Classical Culture: Past and Present [Spring 1985:49-66] p. 50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burkert63p-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert63p_78-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burkert63p_78-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkert (1998), "Greek religion", p. 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kyrieleis, H. (1993). "The Heraion at Samos".p.128</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeyden2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_Heyden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katharina Heyden (page does not exist)">Heyden, Katharina</a> (2022). "The Legend of Aphroditian". In Edwards, J. Christopher (ed.). <i>Early New Testament Apocrypha</i>. Ancient Literature for New Testament Studies 9. Zondervan Academic. pp. <span class="nowrap">115–</span>127. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780310099710" title="Special:BookSources/9780310099710"><bdi>9780310099710</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Legend+of+Aphroditian&rft.btitle=Early+New+Testament+Apocrypha&rft.series=Ancient+Literature+for+New+Testament+Studies+9&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E115-%3C%2Fspan%3E127&rft.pub=Zondervan+Academic&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=9780310099710&rft.aulast=Heyden&rft.aufirst=Katharina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The goddesses of Greek polytheism, so different and complementary"; <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a> scholar <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a> has observed, in <i>Homo Necans</i> (1972) 1983:79f, "are nonetheless, consistently similar at an earlier stage, with one or the other simply becoming dominant in a sanctuary or city. Each is the Great Goddess presiding over a male society; each is depicted in her attire as <a href="/wiki/Potnia_Theron" title="Potnia Theron">Potnia Theron</a> "Mistress of the Beasts", and Mistress of the Sacrifice, even Hera and Demeter."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keary, Charles Francis. <i>Outlines of primitive belief among the Indo-European races</i>. New York: C. Scibner's Sons. 1882. p. 176.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Renehan, Robert. <i>HERA AS EARTH-GODDESS: A NEW PIECE OF EVIDENCE</i>. In: Rheinisches Museum für Philologie Neue Folge, 117. Bd., H. 3/4 (1974), pp. 193-201. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41244783">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sacred-texts.com-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sacred-texts.com_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sacred-texts.com_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/mgr/mgr05.htm">Harrison, Jane Ellen. <i>Myths of Greece and Rome</i>. 1928. pp. 12-14</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keary, Charles Francis. <i>Outlines of primitive belief among the Indo-European races</i>. New York: C. Scibner's Sons. 1882. p. 176 (footnote nr. ii).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174-175-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-174-175_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-174-175_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">West (2007) "Indoeuropean poetry and myth" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXrJA_5LKlYC&pg=PA174">174-175</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hom._Il._19.95-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hom._Il._19.95_87-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hom._Il._19.95_87-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+19.95">19.95ff.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Iliad</i>, ii. 781-783)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bachofen, <i>Mutterrecht</i> 1861, as <i> Mother Right: An Investigation of the Religious and Juridical Character of Matriarchy in the Ancient World.</i> Bachofen was seminal in the writings of <a href="/wiki/Jane_Ellen_Harrison" title="Jane Ellen Harrison">Jane Ellen Harrison</a> and other students of Greek myth.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Slater 1968.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ELLER-BRITANNICA-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ELLER-BRITANNICA_91-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See, for example, the following: <ul><li>Cynthia Eller, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Myth_of_Matriarchal_Prehistory" title="The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory">The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory</a>: Why an Invented Past Won't Give Women a Future</i>, (Boston: Beacon Press, 2001);</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> describes this view as "consensus", listing matriarchy as a hypothetical social system. 'Matriarchy' <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, 2007.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkert(1985), "Greek religion":<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sxurBtx6shoC">p.41</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell191-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell191_93-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell191_93-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell, Cults I 191-193</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pausanias, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Paus.+9.2.1">9.2.7- 9.3.3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151106170825/http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Paus.+9.2.1">Archived</a> 2015-11-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; Pausanias explains this by telling the myth of the <a href="/wiki/Daedala" title="Daedala">Daedala</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell, I 194, citing Pausanias <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Paus.+8.22.1">8.22.2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151106170827/http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Paus.+8.22.1">Archived</a> 2015-11-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>' <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a> refers to the "praises of Hera Parthenia [the Maidenly]" <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olympian_ode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olympian ode (page does not exist)">Olympian ode</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Pind.+O.+6.1">6.88</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151106170829/http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Pind.+O.+6.1">Archived</a> 2015-11-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S. Casson: "Hera of Kanathos and the Ludovisi Throne" <i>The Journal of Hellenic Studies</i> <b>40</b>.2 (1920), pp. 137-142, citing <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_of_Byzantium" title="Stephanus of Byzantium">Stephanus of Byzantium</a> <i>sub</i> <i>Ernaion</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paus2381-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Paus2381_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paus2381_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Paus.+2.38.1">2.38.2-3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151106170831/http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Paus.+2.38.1">Archived</a> 2015-11-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Obrian54-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Obrian54_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Brian Joan (1993), "The transformation of Hera" , <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a77yKM26GfYC&pg=PA54">p.54-55</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Graves" title="Robert Graves">Robert Graves</a> (1955), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Greek_Myths" title="The Greek Myths">The Greek Myths</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_G._Walker" title="Barbara G. Walker">Barbara G. Walker</a> (1983), <i>The Women's Encyclopedia of Myths and Secrets</i>, p.392 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-250925-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-250925-X">0-06-250925-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Claude Calame(1977), "Choruses of Young women in Ancient Greece", 2.126-133</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Calame17-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Calame17_102-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calame17_102-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Claude Calame(2001), "Choruses of Young women in Ancient Greece" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DhfmgSz1eR4C">p.17-18</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Comp. the myth of Typhon: Nilsson, "Geschichte", Vol I p.432</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OBrian36-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OBrian36_104-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Brian (1993), "The transformation of Hera":<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a77yKM26GfYC&pg=PA36">p.36</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OBrian60-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OBrian60_105-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OBrian60_105-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OBrian60_105-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Brian (1993), "The transformation of Hera":<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a77yKM26GfYC&pg=PA60">p.60-61</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell185-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell185_106-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell185_106-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell185_106-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell185_106-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell185_106-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, p.185-187</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nilsson, "Geschichte", Vol I, p.430.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+2.17.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">Pausanias 2,17.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell Cults I, p. 201-202</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nilsson, "Geschichte", Vol I, p.430</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Matthew Dillon (2002), Girls and women in Ancient Greek religion" p.131</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnell188-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell188_112-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farnell188_112-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnell, Cults I, p.188 -190</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.2307/506363">Serwint Nancy (1993), "Heraia and the prenuptial initiation"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Seznec, Jean, <i>The Survival of the Pagan Gods: Mythological Tradition in Renaissance Humanism and Art,</i> 1953</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spivey p.109</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robertson p. 62-63,324</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spivey, 135-139</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Excavations of Mon Repo-University of Nebraska. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdrhsites.unl.edu/monrepos/evidence/excavations.html">Excavations at Mon Repo</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robertson p.95,331</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robertson p.95-97,332</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robertson,327</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberson, p. 75,325</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robertson, pp. 136,327</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robertson 327</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baumbach 2004: 78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robertson,328</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hansen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookofclassi0000hans/page/66/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 67</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:453-491">453–9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cronus">"Cronus | Greek god"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Cronus+%7C+Greek+god&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FCronus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.17.1">2.17.1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Homer, Iliad 14. 200 ff, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theoi.com/Titan/TitanisTethys.html#Creation">https://www.theoi.com/Titan/TitanisTethys.html#Creation</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134%3Abook%3D14%3Acard%3D270">14.295–299</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Description of Greece</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+2.17.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">2.17.4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">Scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>' <i>Idylls</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sententiaeantiquae.com/2021/08/21/explaining-the-cuckoo-women-know-everything-4/">15.64</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaeus_Chennus" title="Ptolemaeus Chennus">Ptolemaeus Chennus</a>, <i>New History</i> Book 6, as epitomized by <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Photius_I_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Photius I of Constantinople">Patriarch Photius</a> in his <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Photius)" title="Bibliotheca (Photius)">Myriobiblon</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/237#190.47">190.47</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Praeparatio_evangelica" title="Praeparatio evangelica">Praeparatio evangelica</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yNRKAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA92">3.1.84a-b</a>; Hard, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA137">137</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Callimachus" title="Callimachus">Callimachus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aetia_(Callimachus)" title="Aetia (Callimachus)">Aetia</a></i> fragment <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dcc.dickinson.edu/callimachus-aetia/untitled-48">48</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <i>Library</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D5%3Asection%3D11">2.5.11</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1842[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidRNVPAAAAYAAJpgPA313_313]-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1842[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidRNVPAAAAYAAJpgPA313_313]_138-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurray1842">Murray 1842</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RNVPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA313">313</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_historica" title="Bibliotheca historica">Library of History</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#p391">4.14.4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paus._9.11.3-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Paus._9.11.3_140-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Description of Greece</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.11.3">9.11.3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_141-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvslin2012" class="citation book cs1">Evslin, Bernard (2012-10-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cZATs1x4BnsC&q=Galanthis+greek+mythology"><i>Gods, Demigods and Demons: An Encyclopedia of Greek Mythology</i></a>. Open Road Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4532-6438-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4532-6438-6"><bdi>978-1-4532-6438-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gods%2C+Demigods+and+Demons%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Greek+Mythology&rft.pub=Open+Road+Media&rft.date=2012-10-30&rft.isbn=978-1-4532-6438-6&rft.aulast=Evslin&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcZATs1x4BnsC%26q%3DGalanthis%2Bgreek%2Bmythology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMandowsky1938" class="citation journal cs1">Mandowsky, Erna (1938). "The Origin of the Milky Way in the National Gallery". <i>The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs</i>. <b>72</b> (419): <span class="nowrap">88–</span>93. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/867195">867195</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Burlington+Magazine+for+Connoisseurs&rft.atitle=The+Origin+of+the+Milky+Way+in+the+National+Gallery&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=419&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E88-%3C%2Fspan%3E93&rft.date=1938&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F867195%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Mandowsky&rft.aufirst=Erna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous1806" class="citation book cs1">Anonymous (1806). <i>Geoponika: Agricultural Pursuits</i>. Vol. II. Translated by Thomas Owen. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Geoponica02/page/n111/mode/2up?view=theater">81-82</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geoponika%3A+Agricultural+Pursuits&rft.place=London&rft.pages=81-82&rft.date=1806&rft.au=Anonymous&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kerenyi, p 131</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hyginus, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i> 140).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hammond. <i>Oxford Classical Dictionary.</i> 597-598.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFreese1911184-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFreese1911184_147-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFreese1911">Freese 1911</a>, p. 184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_148-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_148-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRutherford1988" class="citation journal cs1">Rutherford, Ian (1988). "Pindar on the Birth of Apollo". <i>The Classical Quarterly</i>. <b>38</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">65–</span>75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS000983880003127X">10.1017/S000983880003127X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/639206">639206</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170272842">170272842</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Classical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Pindar+on+the+Birth+of+Apollo&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E65-%3C%2Fspan%3E75&rft.date=1988&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A170272842%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F639206%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS000983880003127X&rft.aulast=Rutherford&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pseudo-Apollodorus, <i>Bibliotheke</i> 1.4.1; <a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Liberalis" title="Antoninus Liberalis">Antoninus Liberalis</a>, <i>Metamorphoses</i>, 35, giving as his sources Menecrates of Xanthos (4th century BCE) and Nicander of Colophon; <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> vi.317-81 provides another late literary source.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHesiod" class="citation book cs1">Hesiod. <i>Theogony</i>. pp. Line 918.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theogony&rft.pages=Line+918&rft.au=Hesiod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OCD_Io-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OCD_Io_151-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OCD_Io_151-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowden1996" class="citation book cs1">Dowden, Ken (1996). "Io". In Hornblower & Spawforth (ed.). <i>The Oxford Classical Dictionary</i> (Third ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">762–</span>763. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-866172-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-866172-X"><bdi>0-19-866172-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Io&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Classical+Dictionary&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E762-%3C%2Fspan%3E763&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-19-866172-X&rft.aulast=Dowden&rft.aufirst=Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scholiast on Homer's <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i>; Hyginus, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i> 54; Ovid, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> 11.217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.1.1&redirect=true">3.168</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pindar#Chronological_order" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, <i>Nemean</i> 5 ep2; Pindar, <i>Isthmian</i> 8 str3–str5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hesiod, <i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Women" title="Catalogue of Women">Catalogue of Women</a></i> fr. 57; <i><a href="/wiki/Cypria" title="Cypria">Cypria</a></i> fr. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Photius, <i>Myrobiblion</i> 190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hyginus, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i> 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DEpitome%3Abook%3DE%3Achapter%3D2%3Asection%3D2">E.3.2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iliad-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Iliad_159-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iliad_159-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iliad_159-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomer" class="citation book cs1">Homer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theiliad02199gut"><i>The Iliad</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Iliad&rft.au=Homer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheiliad02199gut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Homer. <i>Iliad</i>, Book 14, Lines 153-353.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hamilton-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hamilton_161-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hamilton, Edith (1969). "Mythology".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Seyffert <i>Dictionary</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-johnston-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-johnston_163-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnston2013" class="citation book cs1">Johnston, Sarah Iles, ed. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=57MwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA174"><i>Restless Dead: Encounters Between the Living and the Dead in Ancient Greece</i></a>. Univ of California Press. p. 174. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-28018-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-28018-2"><bdi>978-0-520-28018-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Restless+Dead%3A+Encounters+Between+the+Living+and+the+Dead+in+Ancient+Greece&rft.pages=174&rft.pub=Univ+of+California+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-520-28018-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D57MwDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOgden2013b">Ogden (2013b)</a>, p. 98: "Because of Hera ... she lost [<i>or</i>: destroyed] the children she bore".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Duris_of_Samos" title="Duris of Samos">Duris of Samos</a> (d. 280 B. C.), <i>Libyca</i>, quoted by <a href="#CITEREFOgden2013b">Ogden (2013b)</a>, p. 98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> 6.89 - 91</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herodotus' <i>History</i>, Book I</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hygini, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i>, LXXV</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_169-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_169-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDetienne2002" class="citation book cs1">Detienne, Marcel (2002-11-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTkjHT6N9nIC&q=hera+impregnated+by+lettuce"><i>The Writing of Orpheus: Greek Myth in Cultural Context</i></a>. JHU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-6954-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-6954-9"><bdi>978-0-8018-6954-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Writing+of+Orpheus%3A+Greek+Myth+in+Cultural+Context&rft.pub=JHU+Press&rft.date=2002-11-25&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-6954-9&rft.aulast=Detienne&rft.aufirst=Marcel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYTkjHT6N9nIC%26q%3Dhera%2Bimpregnated%2Bby%2Blettuce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kerenyi 1951, p.160</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scholia on Theocritus, Idyll 2. 12 referring to <a href="/wiki/Sophron" title="Sophron">Sophron</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Theo-921-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Theo-921_172-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Theo-921_172-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Theogony</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+921">921–922</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurray1833" class="citation book cs1">Murray, John (1833). <i>A Classical Manual, being a Mythological, Historical and Geographical Commentary on Pope's Homer, and Dryden's Aeneid of Virgil with a Copious Index</i>. Albemarle Street, London. p. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Classical+Manual%2C+being+a+Mythological%2C+Historical+and+Geographical+Commentary+on+Pope%27s+Homer%2C+and+Dryden%27s+Aeneid+of+Virgil+with+a+Copious+Index&rft.place=Albemarle+Street%2C+London&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1833&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48.548-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-48.548_174-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-48.548_174-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#48.548">48.548</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Colluthus" class="mw-redirect" title="Colluthus">Colluthus</a>, <i>Rape of Helen</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Colluthus/Rape_of_Helen*.html#p555">173</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+921">921–922</a>; <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:11.601">11. 604–605</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, <i>Isthmian</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DI.%3Apoem%3D4">4.59–60</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.3.1">1.3.1</a>, and later authors.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_177-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Theogony</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+924">924–929</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In Homer, <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i> viii. 312 Hephaestus addresses "Father Zeus"; cf. Homer, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> i. 578 (some scholars, such as Gantz, <i>Early Greek Myth</i>, p. 74, note that Hephaestus's reference to Zeus as 'father' here may be a general title), xiv. 338, xviii. 396, xxi. 332. See also <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/De_Natura_Deorum" title="De Natura Deorum">De Natura Deorum</a></i> 3.22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_179-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_179-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeris2013" class="citation journal cs1">Deris, Sara (2013-06-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220141457/http://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/prandium/article/download/19652">"Examining the Hephaestus Myth through a Disability Studies Perspective"</a>. <i>Prandium: The Journal of Historical Studies at University of Toronto Mississauga</i>. <b>2</b> (1). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/prandium/article/download/19652">the original</a> on 2016-12-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Prandium%3A+The+Journal+of+Historical+Studies+at+University+of+Toronto+Mississauga&rft.atitle=Examining+the+Hephaestus+Myth+through+a+Disability+Studies+Perspective&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2013-06-06&rft.aulast=Deris&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjps.library.utoronto.ca%2Findex.php%2Fprandium%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F19652&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hedreen_2004-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hedreen_2004_180-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guy Hedreen (2004) The Return of Hephaistos, Dionysiac Processional Ritual and the Creation of a Visual Narrative. <i>The Journal of Hellenic Studies</i>, <b>124</b> (2004:38–64) p. 38 and note.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kerenyi_1951-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kerenyi_1951_181-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kerenyi_1951_181-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Karl Kerenyi (1951) <i>The Gods of the Greeks</i>, pp 156–158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The return of Hephaestus on muleback to Olympus accompanied by Dionysus was a theme of the Attic vase painters, whose wares were favored by Etruscans. The return of Hephaestus was painted on the Etruscan tomb at the "Grotta Campana" near Veii (identified by Peterson; the "well-known subject" was doubted in this instance by A. M. Harmon, "The Paintings of the Grotta Campana", <i>American Journal of Archaeology</i> <b>16</b>.1 (January - March 1912):1-10); for further examples, see <a href="/wiki/Hephaestus#Return_to_Olympus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus#Return to Olympus</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESlater1968199–200-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESlater1968199–200_183-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSlater1968">Slater 1968</a>, pp. 199–200.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#31.159">31.186</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#15.86">15.91</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#17.269">17.280</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#26.351">26.355</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#1.11">1.27</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#48.247">48.247</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D507">507</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Apollodorus, <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D2%3Asection%3D2">1.2.2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scholium on the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-9EIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA515">14.295</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, pp. 16, 57; Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA88">p. 88</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDecker2016" class="citation journal cs1">Decker, Jessica Elbert (2016-11-16). "Hail Hera, Mother of Monsters! Monstrosity as Emblem of Sexual Sovereignty". <i>Women's Studies</i>. <b>45</b> (8): <span class="nowrap">743–</span>757. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00497878.2016.1232021">10.1080/00497878.2016.1232021</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0049-7878">0049-7878</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:151482537">151482537</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Studies&rft.atitle=Hail+Hera%2C+Mother+of+Monsters%21+Monstrosity+as+Emblem+of+Sexual+Sovereignty&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E743-%3C%2Fspan%3E757&rft.date=2016-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A151482537%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0049-7878&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00497878.2016.1232021&rft.aulast=Decker&rft.aufirst=Jessica+Elbert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns"><i>Homeric Hymn to Apollo</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0138%3Ahymn%3D3%3Acard%3D305">306–348</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stesichorus" title="Stesichorus">Stesichorus</a>, Fragment 239 (Campbell, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/stesichorus_i-fragments/1991/pb_LCL476.167.xml?result=1&rskey=56v0bn">pp. 166–167</a>) also has Hera produce Typhon alone to "spite Zeus".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, p. 49, remarks on the strangeness of such a description for one who would challenge the gods.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirk, Raven, and Schofield. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kFpd86J8PLsC&pg=PA59">pp. 59–60 no. 52</a>; Ogden 2013b, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vv0Fxm6Amh4C&pg=PA36">pp. 36–38</a>; Gantz, pp. 50–51, Ogden 2013a, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA76">p. 76 n. 46</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This chart is based upon <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i>, unless otherwise noted.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.570">1.570–579</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:14.338">14.338</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:8.312">8.312</a>, Hephaestus was apparently the son of Hera and Zeus, see Gantz, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+927">927–929</a>, Hephaestus was produced by Hera alone, with no father, see Gantz, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+886">886–890</a>, of Zeus's children by his seven wives, Athena was the first to be conceived, but the last to be born; Zeus impregnated Metis then swallowed her, later Zeus himself gave birth to Athena "from his head", see Gantz, pp. 51–52, 83–84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+183">183–200</a>, Aphrodite was born from Uranus's severed genitals, see Gantz, pp. 99–100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, Aphrodite was the daughter of Zeus (<i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.374">3.374</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:20.105">20.105</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:8.308">8.308</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:8.320">320</a>) and Dione (<i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:5.370">5.370–71</a>), see Gantz, pp. 99–100.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <i>Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes.</i> Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text;jsessionid=C431BA809CA4DEA22A15DA9C666F3400?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.01.0022%3atext%3dLibrary">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBremmer2008" class="citation book cs1">Bremmer, Jan N. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTfxZH4QnqgC&dq=artemis+lygodesma&pg=PA0"><i>Greek Religion and Culture, the Bible, and the Ancient Near East</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004164734" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004164734"><bdi>978-9004164734</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Religion+and+Culture%2C+the+Bible%2C+and+the+Ancient+Near+East&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-9004164734&rft.aulast=Bremmer&rft.aufirst=Jan+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYTfxZH4QnqgC%26dq%3Dartemis%2Blygodesma%26pg%3DPA0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurkert1998" class="citation book cs1">Burkert, Walter (1998). <i>Greek religion</i>. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-36281-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-36281-9"><bdi>978-0-674-36281-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+religion&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Mass.&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-674-36281-9&rft.aulast=Burkert&rft.aufirst=Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Burkert, Walter</a>, <i>Greek Religion</i> 1985.</li> <li>Burkert, Walter, <i>The Orientalizing Revolution: Near Eastern Influence on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Age</i>, 1998.</li> <li>Dietrich Bernard Clive (1974) <i>The origins of the Greek religion</i><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eQO7haySEe8C">[3]</a> ,Walter de Gruyter ISBN 311 0 003 9826</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElderkin1937" class="citation journal cs1">Elderkin, G. W. (1937-07-01). "The Marriage of Zeus and Hera and Its Symbol". <i>American Journal of Archaeology</i>. <b>41</b> (3). University of Chicago Press: <span class="nowrap">424–</span>435. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F498508">10.2307/498508</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9114">0002-9114</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/498508">498508</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191415446">191415446</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=The+Marriage+of+Zeus+and+Hera+and+Its+Symbol&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E424-%3C%2Fspan%3E435&rft.date=1937-07-01&rft.issn=0002-9114&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191415446%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F498508%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F498508&rft.aulast=Elderkin&rft.aufirst=G.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Evelyn-White, Hugh, <i>The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White</i>. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914.</li> <li>Farnell, Lewis Richard (1896) <i>The cults of the Greek states</i> I: Oxford, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56572/page/135/mode/2up">[4]</a></li> <li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreese1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Freese, John Henry (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Apollo" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Apollo">Apollo</a>". In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">184–</span>186.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Apollo&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E184-%3C%2Fspan%3E186&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Freese&rft.aufirst=John+Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Gantz, Timothy, <i>Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources</i>, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5360-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5360-9">978-0-8018-5360-9</a> (Vol. 1), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5362-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5362-3">978-0-8018-5362-3</a> (Vol. 2).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Graves" title="Robert Graves">Graves, Robert</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Greek_Myths" title="The Greek Myths">The Greek Myths</a></i> 1955. Use with caution.</li> <li>Hard, Robin, <i>The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"</i>, Psychology Press, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-18636-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-18636-0">978-0-415-18636-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i>, in <i>The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White</i>, Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i>The Iliad with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes</i>. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>; <i>The Odyssey with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PH.D. in two volumes</i>. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0136%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Hyginus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html"><i>The Myths of Hyginus</i></a>. Edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kerenyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Kerenyi">Kerenyi, Carl</a>, <i>The Gods of the Greeks</i> 1951 (paperback 1980)</li> <li>Kerenyi, Karl, 1959. <i>The Heroes of the Greeks</i> Especially Heracles.</li> <li>Kirk, G. S., J. E. Raven, M. Schofield, <i>The Presocratic Philosophers: A Critical History with a Selection of Texts</i>, Cambridge University Press, Dec 29, 1983. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-27455-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-27455-5">978-0-521-27455-5</a>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AzOsdRiMm7wC">fc</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeemingFee2016" class="citation book cs1">Leeming, David; Fee, Christopher (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kjO6CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT0"><i>The Goddess: Myths of the Great Mother</i></a>. Reaktion Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-538-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-538-7"><bdi>978-1-78023-538-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Goddess%3A+Myths+of+the+Great+Mother&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-78023-538-7&rft.aulast=Leeming&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Fee%2C+Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkjO6CwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurray1842" class="citation book cs1">Murray, John (1842). <i>A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, edited by <a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">William Smith</a></i>. London: Taylor and Walton.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Greek+and+Roman+Antiquities%2C+edited+by+William+Smith&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Taylor+and+Walton&rft.date=1842&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i>; translated by <a href="/wiki/W._H._D._Rouse" title="W. H. D. Rouse">Rouse, W H D</a>, III Books XXXVI–XLVIII. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 346, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1940. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dionysiaca03nonnuoft#page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Brien1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joan_V._O%27Brien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joan V. O'Brien (page does not exist)">O'Brien, Joan V.</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a77yKM26GfYC&pg=PA0"><i>The Transformation of Hera: A Study of Ritual, Hero, and the Goddess in the Iliad</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8476-7808-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8476-7808-2"><bdi>978-0-8476-7808-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Transformation+of+Hera%3A+A+Study+of+Ritual%2C+Hero%2C+and+the+Goddess+in+the+Iliad&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8476-7808-2&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Joan+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da77yKM26GfYC%26pg%3DPA0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Ogden, Daniel (2013a), <i>Drakon: Dragon Myth and Serpent Cult in the Greek and Roman Worlds</i>, Oxford University Press, 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-955732-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-955732-5">978-0-19-955732-5</a>.</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFOgden2013b">Ogden, Daniel (2013b), <i>Dragons, Serpents, and Slayers in the Classical and early Christian Worlds: A sourcebook</i>, Oxford University Press.</cite> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-992509-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-992509-4">978-0-19-992509-4</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a>. Translated by A. D. Melville; introduction and notes by E. J. Kenney.</i> Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-953737-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-953737-2">978-0-19-953737-2</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes.</i> Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, <i>Odes</i>, Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DO.%3Apoem%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li>Robertson D.S, <i>A handbook of Greek and Roman Architecture</i>. Cambridge at the University Press. 1945</li> <li>Ruck, Carl A.P., and Danny Staples, <i>The World of Classical Myth</i> 1994</li> <li>Seyffert, Oskar. <i>Dictionary of Classical Antiquities</i> 1894. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancientlibrary.com/seyffert/0281.html">On-line text</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Seznec" title="Jean Seznec">Seznec, Jean</a>, <i>The Survival of the Pagan Gods : Mythological Tradition in Renaissance Humanism and Art,</i> 1953</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFSlater1968">Slater, Philip E. <i>The Glory of Hera : Greek Mythology and the Greek Family</i> (Boston: Beacon Press) 1968 (Princeton University 1992</cite> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-00222-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-00222-3">0-691-00222-3</a> ) Concentrating on family structure in 5th-century Athens; some of the crude usage of myth and drama for psychological interpreting of "neuroses" is dated.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a></i>, London (1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=galinthias-bio-1&highlight=galanthis">"Gali'nthias"</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest2007" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Litchfield_West" title="Martin Litchfield West">West, Martin Litchfield</a> (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXrJA_5LKlYC&pg=PA0"><i>Indo-European poetry and myth</i></a>, Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-928075-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-928075-9"><bdi>978-0-19-928075-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indo-European+poetry+and+myth&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-928075-9&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Martin+Litchfield&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZXrJA_5LKlYC%26pg%3DPA0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHera" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Spivey Nigel, <i>Greek Art</i>. Phaidon Press Limited. 1997</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hera&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121128121229/http://www.wbenjamin.org/nc/heraion.html">The Heraion at Samos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-000066">The Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (images of Hera)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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of Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis" title="Apotheosis">Apotheosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete" title="Arete">Arete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimon" title="Daimon">Daemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destiny" title="Destiny">Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaimonia" title="Eudaimonia">Eudaimonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euhemerism" title="Euhemerism">Euhemerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunoia" title="Eunoia">Eunoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_mean_(philosophy)" title="Golden mean (philosophy)">Golden mean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule" title="Golden Rule">Golden Rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_words_for_love" title="Greek words for love">Greek words for love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demigod#Classical" title="Demigod">Hemitheos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">Hubris</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca" title="Interpretatio graeca">Interpretatio graeca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katabasis" title="Katabasis">Katabasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleos" title="Kleos">Kleos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Know_thyself" title="Know thyself">Know thyself</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Metamorphoses in Greek mythology">Metamorphosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metempsychosis" title="Metempsychosis">Metempsychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nympholepsy" title="Nympholepsy">Nympholepsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradoxography" title="Paradoxography">Paradoxography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_city-state_patron_gods" title="Greek city-state patron gods">Patron gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pederasty_in_ancient_Greece" title="Pederasty in ancient Greece">Pederasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronesis" title="Phronesis">Phronesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophrosyne" title="Sophrosyne">Sophrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter" title="Soter">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_madness#Ancient_Greece_and_Rome:_theia_mania" title="Divine madness">Theia mania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">Xenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Texts / <a href="/wiki/Ode" title="Ode">odes</a> /<br /><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic poems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Epic_Cycle" title="Epic Cycle">Epic Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aethiopis" title="Aethiopis">Aethiopis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cypria" title="Cypria">Cypria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliupersis" title="Iliupersis">Iliupersis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Iliad" title="Little Iliad">Little Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nostoi" title="Nostoi">Nostoi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telegony" title="Telegony">Telegony</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theban_Cycle" title="Theban Cycle">Theban Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oedipodea" title="Oedipodea">Oedipodea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Greek_poem)" title="Thebaid (Greek poem)">Thebaid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epigoni_(epic)" title="Epigoni (epic)">Epigoni</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alcmeonis" title="Alcmeonis">Alcmeonis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesop%27s_Fables" title="Aesop's Fables">Aesop's Fables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretalogy" title="Aretalogy">Aretalogy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Women" title="Catalogue of Women">Catalogue of Women</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyranides" title="Cyranides">Cyranides</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Verses" title="Golden Verses"><i>Golden Verses</i> of Pythagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homerica" class="mw-redirect" title="Homerica">Homerica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interpretation_of_Dreams_(Antiphon)" title="Interpretation of Dreams (Antiphon)">Interpretation of Dreams</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth_of_Er" title="Myth of Er">Myth of Er</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oneirocritica" title="Oneirocritica">Oneirocritica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_Graecus_Holmiensis" title="Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis">Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sibylline_Books" title="Sibylline Books">Sibylline Books</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sortes_Astrampsychi" title="Sortes Astrampsychi">Sortes Astrampsychi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antecedents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_religion" title="Minoan religion">Minoan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_religion" title="Mycenaean religion">Mycenaean religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mycenaean_deities" title="List of Mycenaean deities">List of Mycenaean deities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Paleo-Balkan mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Proto-Indo-European mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religions_of_the_ancient_Near_East" title="Religions of the ancient Near East">Religions of the ancient Near East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Expressions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atheism#Classical_antiquity" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism#Hellenistic_religion" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism#Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism#Ancient_Greece" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic religions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_Christianization_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire">Christianization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Christianity and Ancient Greek philosophy">Relationship with Greek philosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism#Late_Antiquity" title="Western esotericism">Esoteric</a> systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alchemy#Hellenistic_Egypt" title="Alchemy">Early alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_Judaism" title="Hellenistic Judaism">Hellenistic Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God-fearer" title="God-fearer">God-fearers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">Syncretic</a> religions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great_in_legend#Deified_Alexander" title="Alexander the Great in legend">Alexander</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_cult_of_Alexander_the_Great" title="Ptolemaic cult of Alexander the Great">Ptolemaic cult</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_religion" title="Etruscan religion">Etruscan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhism" title="Greco-Buddhism">Greco-Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_imperial_cult" title="Roman imperial cult">Imperial cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)#Religious_issues" title="Julian (emperor)">Religious views of emperor Julian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mystery religions<br />and sacred mysteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">Dionysian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbros" title="Imbros">Imbrian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism" title="Orphism">Orphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries#Samothracian_Mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Samothracian Mysteries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New religious movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discordianism" title="Discordianism">Discordianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feraferia" title="Feraferia">Feraferia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaianism" title="Gaianism">Gaianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(modern_religion)" title="Hellenism (modern religion)">Hellenism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religious practice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worship <br />/ rituals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arotoi_Hieroi" title="Arotoi Hieroi">Arotoi Hieroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astragalomancy" title="Astragalomancy">Astragalomancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptes" title="Baptes">Baptes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_Artemis_at_Brauron" title="Cult of Artemis at Brauron">Cult of Artemis at Brauron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daduchos" title="Daduchos">Daduchos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_funeral_and_burial_practices" title="Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices">Funeral and burial practices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_oration_(ancient_Greece)" title="Funeral oration (ancient Greece)">Funeral oration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Greco-Roman mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hero%C3%B6n" title="Heroön">Heroön</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophany" title="Hierophany">Hierophany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieros_gamos" title="Hieros gamos">Hieros gamos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hymns_in_ancient_Greek" title="Category:Hymns in ancient Greek">Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incubation_(ritual)" title="Incubation (ritual)">Incubation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komos" title="Komos">Komos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekyia" title="Nekyia">Nekyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omophagia" title="Omophagia">Omophagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgia" title="Orgia">Orgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panegyris" title="Panegyris">Panegyris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifice#Ancient_Greece" title="Animal sacrifice">Animal sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecatomb" title="Hecatomb">Hecatomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_(sacrifice)#Greek_sacrifice" title="Holocaust (sacrifice)">Holocaust</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libation#Ancient_Greece" title="Libation">Libation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmakos" title="Pharmakos">Pharmakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_offering" title="Votive offering">Votive offering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greece" title="Theatre of ancient Greece">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br />offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonic_league" title="Amphictyonic league">Amphictyonic league</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archon_basileus" title="Archon basileus">Archon basileus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilinna" title="Basilinna">Basilinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerarai" title="Gerarai">Gerarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiereia" title="Hiereia">Hiereia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophant" title="Hierophant">Hierophant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hierophylakes" title="Hierophylakes">Hierophylakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iatromantis" title="Iatromantis">Iatromantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanephoros" title="Kanephoros">Kanephoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystagogue" title="Mystagogue">Mystagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiasus" title="Thiasus">Thiasus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baetyl" title="Baetyl">Baetyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_sculpture#Cult_images" title="Ancient Greek sculpture">Cult image</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chryselephantine_sculpture" title="Chryselephantine sculpture">Chryselephantine sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xoanon" title="Xoanon">Xoanon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_terracotta_figurines" title="Greek terracotta figurines">Greek terracotta figurines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernos" title="Kernos">Kernos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kykeon" title="Kykeon">Kykeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loutrophoros" title="Loutrophoros">Loutrophoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omphalos" title="Omphalos">Omphalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_amphora" title="Panathenaic amphora">Panathenaic amphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyton" title="Rhyton">Rhyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrificial_tripod" title="Sacrificial tripod">Sacrificial tripod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceptre#Greco-Roman_world" title="Sceptre">Sceptre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymiaterion" title="Thymiaterion">Thymiaterion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_the_Greco-Roman_world" title="Magic in the Greco-Roman world">Magic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apotropaic_magic" title="Apotropaic magic">Apotropaic magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse_tablet" title="Curse tablet">Curse tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hermetica" title="Hermetica">Hermetica</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy#Antiquity" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philia_(Greco-Roman_magic)" title="Philia (Greco-Roman magic)">Philia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals <br />/ feasts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonia" title="Adonia">Adonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrionia" title="Agrionia">Agrionia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthesteria" title="Anthesteria">Anthesteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apellai" title="Apellai">Apellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apaturia" title="Apaturia">Apaturia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodisia" title="Aphrodisia">Aphrodisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrhephoria" title="Arrhephoria">Arrhephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascolia" title="Ascolia">Ascolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendidia" title="Bendidia">Bendidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boedromia" title="Boedromia">Boedromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brauron" title="Brauron">Brauronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buphonia" title="Buphonia">Buphonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalceia" title="Chalceia">Chalceia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meilichios" title="Meilichios">Diasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_(festival)" title="Delia (festival)">Delia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinia" title="Delphinia">Delphinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecdysia" title="Ecdysia">Ecdysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaphebolia" title="Elaphebolia">Elaphebolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelia" title="Gamelia">Gamelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halieia" title="Halieia">Halieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloa" title="Haloa">Haloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleia_(festival)" title="Heracleia (festival)">Heracleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaea_(festival)" title="Hermaea (festival)">Hermaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieromenia" title="Hieromenia">Hieromenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronia" title="Kronia">Kronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenaia" title="Lenaia">Lenaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesia_on_the_Maeander" title="Magnesia on the Maeander">Leucophryna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykaia" title="Lykaia">Lykaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metageitnia" title="Metageitnia">Metageitnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichia_(festival)" title="Munichia (festival)">Munichia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oschophoria" title="Oschophoria">Oschophoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamboeotia" title="Pamboeotia">Pamboeotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandia_(festival)" title="Pandia (festival)">Pandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plynteria" title="Plynteria">Plynteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaieia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaieia">Ptolemaieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyanopsia" title="Pyanopsia">Pyanopsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skira" title="Skira">Skira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synoikia" title="Synoikia">Synoikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(festival)" title="Soteria (festival)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tauropolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauropolia">Tauropolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thargelia" title="Thargelia">Thargelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseia" title="Theseia">Theseia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoria" title="Thesmophoria">Thesmophoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agon" title="Agon">Agon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Games" title="Panathenaic Games">Panathenaic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhieia" title="Rhieia">Rhieia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Games" title="Panhellenic Games">Panhellenic Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraean_Games" title="Heraean Games">Heraean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Sacred places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_temple" title="Ancient Greek temple">Temples</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Sanctuaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuaries">sanctuaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepieion" title="Asclepieion">Asclepieion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinion" title="Delphinion">Delphinion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraeum" title="Mithraeum">Mithraeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaeum" title="Nymphaeum">Nymphaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panionium" title="Panionium">Panionium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesterion" title="Telesterion">Telesterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Temenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis" title="Temple of Artemis">Temple of Artemis, Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia" title="Temple of Zeus, Olympia">Temple of Zeus, Olympia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oracles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphiareion_of_Oropos" title="Amphiareion of Oropos">Amphiareion of Oropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claros" title="Claros">Claros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didyma" title="Didyma">Didyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyaneae" title="Cyaneae">Oracle of Apollo Thyrxeus at Cyaneae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptoion" title="Ptoion">Oracle of Apollo at Ptoion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikaros_(Failaka_Island)" title="Ikaros (Failaka Island)">Oracle of Artemis at Ikaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Puerto_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="El Puerto de Santa María">Oracle of Menestheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_the_Great_Gods" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuary of the Great Gods">Sanctuary of the Great Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegyra" title="Tegyra">Tegyra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mountains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretea" title="Cretea">Cretea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Crete)" title="Mount Ida (Crete)">Mount Ida (Crete)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Turkey)" title="Mount Ida (Turkey)">Mount Ida (Turkey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lykaion" title="Mount Lykaion">Mount Lykaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Olympus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Zeus,_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Cave of Zeus, Aydın">Cave of Zeus, Aydın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cave of Pan (disambiguation)">Caves of Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychro_Cave" title="Psychro Cave">Psychro Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vari_Cave" title="Vari Cave">Vari Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_(Ukraine)" title="Snake Island (Ukraine)">Island of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Diomedes" title="Islands of Diomedes">Islands of Diomedes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Springs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castalian_Spring" title="Castalian Spring">Castalian Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocrene" title="Hippocrene">Hippocrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierian_Spring" title="Pierian Spring">Pierian Spring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athenian_sacred_ships" title="Athenian sacred ships">Athenian sacred ships</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Paralus_(ship)" title="Paralus (ship)">Paralus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salaminia" title="Salaminia">Salaminia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiera_Orgas" title="Hiera Orgas">Hiera Orgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanathos" title="Kanathos">Kanathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Way" title="Sacred Way">Sacred Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Dionysus" title="Theatre of Dionysus">Theatre of Dionysus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Myths_and_mythology245" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Myths and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_deities" title="List of Greek deities">Deities</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Greek_gods" title="Family tree of the Greek gods">Family tree</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria" title="Asteria">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereid" class="mw-redirect" title="Nereid">Nereids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potamides" title="Potamides">Potamides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_gods_(Greek_mythology)" title="River gods (Greek mythology)">River gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Love deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Erotes10" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Himeros" title="Erotes">Himeros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)"> Hymen/Hymenaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrestia" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrestia">Adrestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecothoenas" class="mw-redirect" title="Gynaecothoenas">Gynaecothoenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_(goddess)" title="Ma (goddess)">Ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chthonic_deities" title="Chthonic deities">Chthonic deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Psychopomps15" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Psychopomp" title="Psychopomp">Psychopomps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charon" title="Charon">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermanubis" title="Hermanubis">Hermanubis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(mythology)" title="Angelos (mythology)">Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pluto_(mythology)" title="Pluto (mythology)">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampad" class="mw-redirect" title="Lampad">Lampad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreus" title="Zagreus">Zagreus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiron" title="Chiron">Chiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrhon" title="Darrhon">Darrhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sleep deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empusa" title="Empusa">Empusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiales" title="Epiales">Epiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Messenger deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trickster deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magic deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_deities" title="List of Greek deities">Other major deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas_(god)" title="Boreas (god)">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azone" title="Azone">Azone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysaor" title="Chrysaor">Chrysaor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a> (Furies)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Heroes / <br />heroines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abderus" title="Abderus">Abderus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actaeon" title="Actaeon">Actaeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Lesser" title="Ajax the Lesser">Ajax the Lesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academus" title="Academus">Akademos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitryon" title="Amphitryon">Amphitryon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antilochus" class="mw-redirect" title="Antilochus">Antilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autolycus" title="Autolycus">Autolycus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellerophon" title="Bellerophon">Bellerophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouzyges" title="Bouzyges">Bouzyges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysippus_of_Elis" title="Chrysippus of Elis">Chrysippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyamites" title="Cyamites">Cyamites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castor_and_Pollux" title="Castor and Pollux">Dioscuri</a> (Castor and Polydeuces)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echetlus" title="Echetlus">Echetlus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis_(mythology)" title="Eleusis (mythology)">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erechtheus" title="Erechtheus">Erechtheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus_(hero)" title="Eunostus (hero)">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(mythology)" title="Ganymede (mythology)">Ganymede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector" title="Hector">Hector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icarus" title="Icarus">Icarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meleager" title="Meleager">Meleager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelaus" title="Menelaus">Menelaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissus_(mythology)" title="Narcissus (mythology)">Narcissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otrera" title="Otrera">Otrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandion_(hero)" title="Pandion (hero)">Pandion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleus" title="Peleus">Peleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelops" title="Pelops">Pelops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthesilea" title="Penthesilea">Penthesilea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt#The_hunters" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian hunters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigoni" title="Epigoni">Epigoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_against_Thebes" title="Seven against Thebes">Seven against Thebes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracles</a> <br />/ seers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesacus" title="Aesacus">Aesacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleuas" title="Aleuas">Aleuas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphilochus_I_of_Argos" title="Amphilochus I of Argos">Amphilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampyx" title="Ampyx">Ampyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anius" title="Anius">Anius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbolus" title="Asbolus">Asbolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakis" title="Bakis">Bakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branchus" title="Branchus">Branchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calchas" title="Calchas">Calchas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnus" title="Carnus">Carnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carya_of_Laconia" title="Carya of Laconia">Carya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elatus" title="Elatus">Elatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennomus" title="Ennomus">Ennomus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimenides" title="Epimenides">Epimenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halitherses" title="Halitherses">Halitherses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iamus" title="Iamus">Iamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idmon" title="Idmon">Idmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manto_(mythology)" title="Manto (mythology)">Manto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melampus" title="Melampus">Melampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopsus" title="Mopsus">Mopsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichus" title="Munichus">Munichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyidus" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyidus">Polyeidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypheides" title="Polypheides">Polypheides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythia" title="Pythia">Pythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cimmerian_Sibyl" title="Cimmerian Sibyl">Cimmerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumaean_Sibyl" title="Cumaean Sibyl">Cumaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_Sibyl" title="Delphic Sibyl">Delphic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythraean_Sibyl" title="Erythraean Sibyl">Erythraean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellespontine_Sibyl" title="Hellespontine Sibyl">Hellespontine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Sibyl" title="Libyan Sibyl">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Sibyl" title="Persian Sibyl">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_Sibyl" title="Phrygian Sibyl">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samian_Sibyl" title="Samian Sibyl">Samian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemus" title="Telemus">Telemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theiodamas" title="Theiodamas">Theiodamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoclymenus" title="Theoclymenus">Theoclymenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Other <br /> mortals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegisthus" title="Aegisthus">Aegisthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromache" title="Andromache">Andromache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(mythology)" title="Andromeda (mythology)">Andromeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigone" title="Antigone">Antigone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briseis" title="Briseis">Briseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(mother_of_Andromeda)" title="Cassiopeia (mother of Andromeda)">Cassiopeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creon_(king_of_Thebes)" title="Creon (king of Thebes)">Creon of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chryseis" title="Chryseis">Chryseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysothemis" title="Chrysothemis">Chrysothemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra" title="Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deidamia_(daughter_of_Lycomedes)" title="Deidamia (daughter of Lycomedes)">Deidamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deucalion" title="Deucalion">Deucalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra" title="Electra">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eteocles" title="Eteocles">Eteocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(consort_of_Zeus)" title="Europa (consort of Zeus)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecuba" title="Hecuba">Hecuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellen" title="Hellen">Hellen</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Heracleidae" title="Heracleidae">Heracleidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermione_(mythology)" title="Hermione (mythology)">Hermione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismene" title="Ismene">Ismene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jocasta" title="Jocasta">Jocasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laius" title="Laius">Laius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_peasants" title="Lycian peasants">Lycian peasants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycaon_(king_of_Arcadia)" title="Lycaon (king of Arcadia)">Lycaon</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memnon" title="Memnon">Memnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapian_shepherds" title="Messapian shepherds">Messapian shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midas" title="Midas">Midas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrha" title="Myrrha">Myrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoptolemus" title="Neoptolemus">Neoptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patroclus" title="Patroclus">Patroclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penelope" title="Penelope">Penelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(son_of_Agenor)" title="Phoenix (son of Agenor)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polybus_of_Corinth" title="Polybus of Corinth">Polybus of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynices" title="Polynices">Polynices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priam" title="Priam">Priam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procne" title="Procne">Procne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrha_(mythology)" title="Pyrrha (mythology)">Pyrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemachus" title="Telemachus">Telemachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troilus" title="Troilus">Troilus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entrances to <br /> the underworld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocytus" title="Cocytus">Cocytus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eridanos_(river_of_Hades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanos (river of Hades)">Eridanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe">Lethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegethon" title="Phlegethon">Phlegethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lakes/swamps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acherusia" title="Acherusia">Acherusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Avernus Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerna" title="Lerna">Lerna Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Matapan" title="Cape Matapan">Cape Matapan</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Lake Avernus</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Pontica" title="Heraclea Pontica">Heraclea Pontica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Charoniums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li> <li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion_at_Hierapolis" title="Ploutonion at Hierapolis">Ploutonion at Hierapolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Necromanteion (necromancy temple)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asphodel_Meadows" title="Asphodel Meadows">Fields of Asphodel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunate_Isles" title="Fortunate Isles">Isles of the Blessed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld#Mourning_Fields" title="Greek underworld">Mourning Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeacus" title="Aeacus">Aeacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadamanthus" title="Rhadamanthus">Rhadamanthus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campe" title="Campe">Campe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Residents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anticlea" title="Anticlea">Anticlea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana%C3%AFdes" title="Danaïdes">Danaïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurydice" title="Eurydice">Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion">Ixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocnus" title="Ocnus">Ocnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmoneus" title="Salmoneus">Salmoneus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Shade_(mythology)" title="Shade (mythology)">Shades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus" title="Sisyphus">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalus" title="Tantalus">Tantalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titans_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titans (mythology)">Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tityos" title="Tityos">Tityos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Katabasis#Trip_into_the_underworld" title="Katabasis">Visitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols/objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bident" title="Bident">Bident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_of_invisibility" title="Cap of invisibility">Cap of invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charon%27s_obol" title="Charon's obol">Charon's obol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals, daemons, <br />and spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascalaphus_(son_of_Acheron)" title="Ascalaphus (son of Acheron)">Ascalaphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuthonymus" title="Ceuthonymus">Ceuthonymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynomos_(daemon)" title="Eurynomos (daemon)">Eurynomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Mythical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="Lists of Greek mythological figures">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_deities" title="List of Greek deities">Deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_creatures" title="List of Greek mythological creatures">Mythological creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mortals_in_Greek_mythology" title="List of mortals in Greek mythology">Mortals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of minor Greek mythological figures">Minor figures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trojan_War_characters" title="List of Trojan War characters">Trojan War characters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daemon_(classical_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daemon (classical mythology)">Daemon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathodaemon" title="Agathodaemon">Agathodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacodemon" title="Cacodemon">Cacodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaemon_(mythology)" title="Eudaemon (mythology)">Eudaemon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">Satyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beasts /<br /> creatures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaurides" title="Centaurides">Centaurides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyocentaur" title="Ichthyocentaur">Ichthyocentaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclops" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclops">Cyclops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragons_in_Greek_mythology" title="Dragons in Greek mythology">Dragon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drakaina_(mythology)" title="Drakaina (mythology)">Drakaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echidna_(mythology)" title="Echidna (mythology)">Echidna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgon">Gorgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpy" title="Harpy">Harpy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecatonchires" class="mw-redirect" title="Hecatonchires">Hecatonchires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampus_(mythology)" title="Hippocampus (mythology)">Hippocampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrois" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrois">Horses of Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamia" title="Lamia">Lamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)" title="Phoenix (mythology)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylla" title="Scylla">Scylla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charybdis" title="Charybdis">Charybdis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Captured <br />/ slain by <br /> <a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">heroes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar" class="mw-redirect" title="Calydonian boar">Calydonian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerynian_Hind" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerynian Hind">Cerynian Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Cretan Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crommyonian_Sow" title="Crommyonian Sow">Crommyonian Sow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erymanthian_boar" title="Erymanthian boar">Erymanthian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalkotauroi" title="Khalkotauroi">Khalkotauroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lernaean_Hydra" title="Lernaean Hydra">Lernaean Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mares_of_Diomedes" title="Mares of Diomedes">Mares of Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_lion" title="Nemean lion">Nemean lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthrus" title="Orthrus">Orthrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyphemus" title="Polyphemus">Polyphemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stymphalian_birds" title="Stymphalian birds">Stymphalian birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talos" title="Talos">Talos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teumessian_fox" title="Teumessian fox">Teumessian fox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(Homer)" title="Achaeans (Homer)">Achaeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazons" title="Amazons">Amazons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropophage" title="Anthropophage">Anthropophagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebryces" title="Bebryces">Bebryces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicones" title="Cicones">Cicones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curetes_(tribe)" title="Curetes (tribe)">Curetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dactyl_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dactyl (mythology)">Dactyls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gargareans" title="Gargareans">Gargareans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halizones" title="Halizones">Halizones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Korybantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laestrygonians" title="Laestrygonians">Laestrygonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapiths" title="Lapiths">Lapiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus-eaters" title="Lotus-eaters">Lotus-eaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">Myrmidons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pygmy (Greek mythology)">Pygmies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartoi">Spartoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telchines" title="Telchines">Telchines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places <br />/ Realms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ara_(constellation)#History" title="Ara (constellation)">Ara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchis#In_mythology" title="Colchis">Colchis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erytheia" title="Erytheia">Erytheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperborea" title="Hyperborea">Hyperborea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismarus_(Thrace)" title="Ismarus (Thrace)">Ismarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer%27s_Ithaca" title="Homer's Ithaca">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya (mythology)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nysa_(mythology)" title="Nysa (mythology)">Nysa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogygia" title="Ogygia">Ogygia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchaia_(island)" title="Panchaia (island)">Panchaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegra_(mythology)" title="Phlegra (mythology)">Phlegra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria" title="Scheria">Scheria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symplegades" title="Symplegades">Symplegades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartessos" title="Tartessos">Tartessos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themiscyra_(Pontus)" title="Themiscyra (Pontus)">Themiscyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_and_Daphne" title="Apollo and Daphne">Apollo and Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian boar hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Eros and Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_of_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgment of Paris">Judgment of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Hercules" title="Labours of Hercules">Labours of Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_and_Eurydice" title="Orpheus and Eurydice">Orpheus and Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Returns_from_Troy" title="Returns from Troy">Returns from Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazonomachy" title="Amazonomachy">Amazonomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_War" title="Attic War">Attic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centauromachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Centauromachy">Centauromachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigantomachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigantomachy">Gigantomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Indian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theomachy" title="Theomachy">Theomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanomachy" title="Titanomachy">Titanomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamant" title="Adamant">Adamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegis" title="Aegis">Aegis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosia" title="Ambrosia">Ambrosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_of_Discord" title="Apple of Discord">Apple of Discord</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argo" title="Argo">Argo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_teeth_(mythology)" title="Dragon's teeth (mythology)">Dragon's teeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diipetes" title="Diipetes">Diipetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eidolon" title="Eidolon">Eidolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatea_(mythology)" title="Galatea (mythology)">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_of_Aphrodite" title="Girdle of Aphrodite">Girdle of Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_apple" title="Golden apple">Golden apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Fleece" title="Golden Fleece">Golden Fleece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordian_knot" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordian knot">Gordian knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpe" title="Harpe">Harpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichor" title="Ichor">Ichor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labyrinth#Cretan_labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">Labyrinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_tree" title="Lotus tree">Lotus tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_of_Hera" title="Milk of Hera">Milk of Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moly_(herb)" title="Moly (herb)">Moly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necklace_of_Harmonia" title="Necklace of Harmonia">Necklace of Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orichalcum" title="Orichalcum">Orichalcum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladium_(classical_antiquity)" title="Palladium (classical antiquity)">Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea_(medicine)" title="Panacea (medicine)">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandora%27s_box" title="Pandora's box">Pandora's box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petasos" title="Petasos">Petasos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Winged_helmet" title="Winged helmet">Winged helmet</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria#The_Phaeacian_ships" title="Scheria">Phaeacian ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone" title="Philosopher's stone">Philosopher's stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_of_Achilles" title="Shield of Achilles">Shield of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirt_of_Nessus" title="Shirt of Nessus">Shirt of Nessus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Sword of Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talaria" title="Talaria">Talaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt" title="Thunderbolt">Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyrsus" title="Thyrsus">Thyrsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trident_of_Poseidon" title="Trident of Poseidon">Trident of Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnowing_Oar" title="Winnowing Oar">Winnowing Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_fire" title="Wheel of fire">Wheel of fire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_of_Hygieia" title="Bowl of Hygieia">Bowl of Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caduceus" title="Caduceus">Caduceus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornucopia" title="Cornucopia">Cornucopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgoneion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgoneion">Gorgoneion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantharos" title="Kantharos">Kantharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrys" title="Labrys">Labrys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic egg">Orphic egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouroboros" title="Ouroboros">Ouroboros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owl_of_Athena" title="Owl of Athena">Owl of Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_of_Asclepius" title="Rod of Asclepius">Rod of Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_song" title="Swan song">Swan song</a></li> <li>Wind <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_wind" title="East wind">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_wind" title="West wind">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_wind" title="North wind">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_wind" title="South wind">South</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Modern<br />treatments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_mythology_in_western_art_and_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical mythology in western art and literature">Classical mythology in western art and literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">Classics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology_in_popular_culture" title="Greek mythology in popular culture">Greek mythology in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_understanding_of_Greek_mythology" title="Modern understanding of Greek mythology">Modern understanding of Greek mythology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_Greek_deities196" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Template:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Template talk:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greek_deities196" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ancient <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek</a> deities</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Early <br /> deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ourea" title="Ourea">Ourea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">The twelve <a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Descendants of the Titans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria" title="Asteria">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Olympian <br /> deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Olympian Gods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Daughters of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calliope" title="Calliope">Calliope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clio" title="Clio">Clio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euterpe" title="Euterpe">Euterpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erato" title="Erato">Erato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene">Melpomene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyhymnia" title="Polyhymnia">Polyhymnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terpsichore" title="Terpsichore">Terpsichore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Muse)" title="Thalia (Muse)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urania" title="Urania">Urania</a></li></ul></li> <li>Daughters of <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollonis" title="Apollonis">Apollonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borysthenis" title="Borysthenis">Borysthenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephisso" title="Cephisso">Cephisso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotian</a> Muses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aoede" title="Aoede">Aoide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melete" title="Melete">Melete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mneme" title="Mneme">Mneme</a></li></ul></li> <li>Muses of the <a href="/wiki/Lyre" title="Lyre">Lyre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypate" title="Hypate">Hypate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mese_(mythology)" title="Mese (mythology)">Mese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nete_(mythology)" title="Nete (mythology)">Nete</a></li></ul></li> <li>Muses at <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Sicyon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polymatheia" title="Polymatheia">Polymatheia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> (Graces)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aglaea" title="Aglaea">Aglaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antheia" title="Antheia">Antheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphrosyne" title="Euphrosyne">Euphrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemone" title="Hegemone">Hegemone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Grace)" title="Thalia (Grace)">Thalia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a> (Hours)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(mythology)" title="Dike (mythology)">Dike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eirene_(goddess)" title="Eirene (goddess)">Eirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunomia" title="Eunomia">Eunomia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water <br /> deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Sea deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benthesikyme" title="Benthesikyme">Benthesikyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brizo" title="Brizo">Brizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calliste_(mythology)" title="Calliste (mythology)">Calliste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_(mythology)" title="Calypso (mythology)">Calypso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurybia_(mythology)" title="Eurybia (mythology)">Eurybia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">Leucothea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melicertes" title="Melicertes">Melicertes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerites_(mythology)" title="Nerites (mythology)">Nerites</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nesoi" title="Nesoi">Nesoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodos" title="Rhodos">Rhodos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acaste_(Oceanid)" title="Acaste (Oceanid)">Acaste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admete_(Oceanid)" title="Admete (Oceanid)">Admete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_(Oceanid)" title="Asia (Oceanid)">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callirhoe_(Oceanid)" title="Callirhoe (Oceanid)">Callirhoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto_(Greek_myth)" title="Ceto (Greek myth)">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene (consort of Helios)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(wife_of_Iapetus)" title="Clymene (wife of Iapetus)">Clymene (wife of Iapetus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodone_(mythology)" title="Dodone (mythology)">Dodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_(Oceanid)" title="Doris (Oceanid)">Doris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Oceanid)" title="Electra (Oceanid)">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynome_(Oceanid)" title="Eurynome (Oceanid)">Eurynome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idyia" title="Idyia">Idyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melia_(consort_of_Apollo)" title="Melia (consort of Apollo)">Melia (consort of Apollo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melia_(consort_of_Inachus)" title="Melia (consort of Inachus)">Melia (consort of Inachus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philyra_(Oceanid)" title="Philyra (Oceanid)">Philyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleione_(mythology)" title="Pleione (mythology)">Pleione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plouto_(Oceanid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plouto (Oceanid)">Plouto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesto_(mythology)" title="Telesto (mythology)">Telesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia_(Oceanid)" title="Theia (Oceanid)">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeuxo_(Oceanid)" title="Zeuxo (Oceanid)">Zeuxo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Nereids" title="Nereids">Nereids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amatheia_(mythology)" title="Amatheia (mythology)">Amatheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphithoe_(mythology)" title="Amphithoe (mythology)">Amphithoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arethusa_(mythology)" title="Arethusa (mythology)">Arethusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymatolege_(mythology)" title="Cymatolege (mythology)">Cymatolege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymo_(mythology)" title="Cymo (mythology)">Cymo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamene" title="Dynamene">Dynamene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acis_and_Galatea" title="Acis and Galatea">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galene_(mythology)" title="Galene (mythology)">Galene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protomedeia" title="Protomedeia">Protomedeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamathe_(Nereid)" title="Psamathe (Nereid)">Psamathe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sao_(mythology)" title="Sao (mythology)">Sao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spio" title="Spio">Spio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Nereid)" title="Thalia (Nereid)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/River_gods_(Greek_mythology)" title="River gods (Greek mythology)">River gods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anapus" title="Anapus">Anapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asopus" title="Asopus">Asopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asterion_(god)" title="Asterion (god)">Asterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axius_(mythology)" title="Axius (mythology)">Axius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caanthus" title="Caanthus">Caanthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebren" title="Cebren">Cebren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephissus_(mythology)" title="Cephissus (mythology)">Cephissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enipeus_(deity)" title="Enipeus (deity)">Enipeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kladeos" title="Kladeos">Kladeos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meander_(mythology)" title="Meander (mythology)">Meander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilus_(mythology)" title="Nilus (mythology)">Nilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numicus" title="Numicus">Numicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_(river_god)" title="Phyllis (river god)">Phyllis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peneus" title="Peneus">Peneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangarius_(mythology)" title="Sangarius (mythology)">Sangarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selemnus_(god)" title="Selemnus (god)">Selemnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simoeis" title="Simoeis">Simoeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strymon_(mythology)" title="Strymon (mythology)">Strymon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegina_(mythology)" title="Aegina (mythology)">Aegina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achiroe" title="Achiroe">Achiroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aganippe_(naiad)" title="Aganippe (naiad)">Aganippe</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Anigrides" title="Anigrides">Anigrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyra_(mythology)" title="Argyra (mythology)">Argyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bistonis" title="Bistonis">Bistonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolbe" title="Bolbe">Bolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliadne" title="Caliadne">Caliadne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassotis" title="Cassotis">Cassotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castalia" title="Castalia">Castalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleocharia" title="Cleocharia">Cleocharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creusa_(Naiad)" title="Creusa (Naiad)">Creusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphne" title="Daphne">Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drosera_(naiad)" title="Drosera (naiad)">Drosera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpina" title="Harpina">Harpina</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ionides" title="Ionides">Ionides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismenis" title="Ismenis">Ismenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larunda" title="Larunda">Larunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilaea" title="Lilaea">Lilaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liriope_(nymph)" title="Liriope (nymph)">Liriope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melite_(naiad)" title="Melite (naiad)">Melite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metope_(mythology)" title="Metope (mythology)">Metope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minthe" title="Minthe">Minthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moria_(nymph)" title="Moria (nymph)">Moria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_(Greek_mythology)" title="Nana (Greek mythology)">Nana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaea_(mythology)" title="Nicaea (mythology)">Nicaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orseis" title="Orseis">Orseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(daughter_of_Triton)" title="Pallas (daughter of Triton)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirene_(nymph)" title="Pirene (nymph)">Pirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmacis" title="Salmacis">Salmacis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilbe" title="Stilbe">Stilbe</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Thriae" title="Thriae">Thriae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corycia" title="Corycia">Corycia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleodora_(nymph)" title="Cleodora (nymph)">Cleodora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melaina" title="Melaina">Melaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiasa" title="Tiasa">Tiasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Personifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algos" class="mw-redirect" title="Algos">Algos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/At%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atë">Atë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(deity)" title="Dysnomia (deity)">Dysnomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horkos" title="Horkos">Horkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe_(daughter_of_Eris)" title="Lethe (daughter of Eris)">Lethe</a></li> <li>Logoi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limos" title="Limos">Limos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neikea" class="mw-redirect" title="Neikea">Neikea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponos" title="Ponos">Ponos</a></li> <li>Pseudea</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geras" title="Geras">Geras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atropos" title="Atropos">Atropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotho" title="Clotho">Clotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachesis" title="Lachesis">Lachesis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moros" title="Moros">Moros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oizys" title="Oizys">Oizys</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achlys" title="Achlys">Achlys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adephagia" title="Adephagia">Adephagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aergia" title="Aergia">Aergia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidos" title="Aidos">Aidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aion_(deity)" title="Aion (deity)">Aion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alastor" title="Alastor">Alastor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aletheia" title="Aletheia">Aletheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amechania" title="Amechania">Amechania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaideia" title="Anaideia">Anaideia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apheleia" title="Apheleia">Apheleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete_(mythology)" title="Arete (mythology)">Arete</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Arae" title="Arae">Arae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraea" title="Astraea">Astraea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caerus" title="Caerus">Caerus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysus" title="Chrysus">Chrysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corus_(mythology)" title="Corus (mythology)">Corus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(mythology)" title="Dike (mythology)">Dikaiosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyssebeia" title="Dyssebeia">Dyssebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiresione" title="Eiresione">Eiresione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekecheiria" title="Ekecheiria">Ekecheiria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulabeia_(mythology)" title="Eulabeia (mythology)">Eulabeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupraxia_(mythology)" title="Eupraxia (mythology)">Eupraxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ersa" title="Ersa">Ersa</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)">Hymen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelos_(mythology)" title="Gelos (mythology)">Gelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedone" title="Hedone">Hedone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimarmene" title="Heimarmene">Heimarmene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homonoia_(mythology)" title="Homonoia (mythology)">Homonoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horme" title="Horme">Horme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iacchus" title="Iacchus">Iacchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakia" title="Kakia">Kakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koalemos" title="Koalemos">Koalemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Litae" title="Litae">Litae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyssa" title="Lyssa">Lyssa</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maniae" title="Maniae">Maniae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methe" title="Methe">Methe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomos_(mythology)" title="Nomos (mythology)">Nomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitharchia" title="Peitharchia">Peitharchia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penia" title="Penia">Penia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthus" title="Penthus">Penthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepromene" title="Pepromene">Pepromene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheme" title="Pheme">Pheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrike" title="Phrike">Phrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phthonus" title="Phthonus">Phthonus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poena" title="Poena">Poine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porus_(mythology)" title="Porus (mythology)">Poros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praxidice" title="Praxidice">Praxidice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophasis" title="Prophasis">Prophasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter_(daimon)" title="Soter (daimon)">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(mythology)" title="Soteria (mythology)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrasos" title="Thrasos">Thrasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyche" title="Tyche">Tyche</a></li> <li>The Younger <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucleia" title="Eucleia">Eucleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupheme_(deity)" title="Eupheme (deity)">Eupheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthenia" title="Euthenia">Euthenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philophrosyne" title="Philophrosyne">Philophrosyne</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Other deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Sky</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas_(god)" title="Boreas (god)">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrape_and_Bronte" title="Astrape and Bronte">Astrape and Bronte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(mythology)" title="Aura (mythology)">Aura</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hyades_(mythology)" title="Hyades (mythology)">Hyades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Pleiades_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pleiades (Greek mythology)">Pleiades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcyone_(Pleiad)" title="Alcyone (Pleiad)">Alcyone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterope_(Pleiad)" title="Sterope (Pleiad)">Sterope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celaeno" title="Celaeno">Celaeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Pleiad)" title="Electra (Pleiad)">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maia" title="Maia">Maia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merope_(Pleiad)" title="Merope (Pleiad)">Merope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taygete" title="Taygete">Taygete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_(mythology)" title="Sirius (mythology)">Sirius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritopatores" title="Tritopatores">Tritopatores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Agriculture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Aphaea">Aphaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despoina" title="Despoina">Despoina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus" title="Eunostus">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opora_(mythology)" title="Opora (mythology)">Opora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomelus" title="Philomelus">Philomelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutus" title="Plutus">Plutus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Health</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Rustic <br />deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aetna_(nymph)" title="Aetna (nymph)">Aetna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agdistis" title="Agdistis">Agdistis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Alseid" title="Alseid">Alseids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonis" title="Amphictyonis">Amphictyonis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Anthousai" title="Anthousai">Anthousai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristaeus" title="Aristaeus">Aristaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attis" title="Attis">Attis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Auloniad" title="Auloniad">Auloniads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britomartis" title="Britomartis">Britomartis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comus" title="Comus">Comus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Dryad" title="Dryad">Dryades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erato_(dryad)" title="Erato (dryad)">Erato</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hamadryad" title="Hamadryad">Hamadryades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysopeleia" title="Chrysopeleia">Chrysopeleia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Epimeliad" title="Epimeliad">Epimeliades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecaterus" title="Hecaterus">Hecaterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leuce_(mythology)" title="Leuce (mythology)">Leuce</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenades</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Meliae" title="Meliae">Meliae</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nymphai_Hyperboreioi" title="Nymphai Hyperboreioi">Nymphai Hyperboreioi</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oread" title="Oread">Oreads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrasteia" title="Adrasteia">Adrasteia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyllene_(nymph)" title="Cyllene (nymph)">Cyllene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echo_(mythology)" title="Echo (mythology)">Echo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helice_(mythology)" title="Helice (mythology)">Helice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iynx" title="Iynx">Iynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomia_(mythology)" title="Nomia (mythology)">Nomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenone_(nymph)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oenone (nymph)">Oenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitys_(mythology)" title="Pitys (mythology)">Pitys</a></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Pegasides" title="Pegasides">Pegasides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapus" title="Priapus">Priapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhapso" title="Rhapso">Rhapso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silenus" title="Silenus">Silenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telete" title="Telete">Telete</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexiares_and_Anicetus" title="Alexiares and Anicetus">Alexiares and Anicetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxesia_(Greek_mythology)" title="Auxesia (Greek mythology)">Auxesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enodia" title="Enodia">Enodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaestra_(mythology)" title="Palaestra (mythology)">Palaestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosipolis_(god)" title="Sosipolis (god)">Sosipolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greek_deities_series307" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li 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title="Greek water deities">Water deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chthonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chthonic">Chthonic deities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Twelve_Olympians20"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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