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Fielding</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Fielding – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fred F. Fielding" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_F._Fielding" title="Fred F. Fielding – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fred F. 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Australian rules footballer, see <a href="/wiki/Fred_Fielding_(footballer)" title="Fred Fielding (footballer)">Fred Fielding (footballer)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Fred Fielding</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Fred_Fielding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Fred_Fielding.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="155" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="155" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Counsel" title="White House Counsel">White House Counsel</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 31, 2007 – January 20, 2009</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Miers" title="Harriet Miers">Harriet Miers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_B._Craig" title="Gregory B. Craig">Greg Craig</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 20, 1981 – May 23, 1986</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Cutler" title="Lloyd Cutler">Lloyd Cutler</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Wallison" title="Peter J. Wallison">Peter Wallison</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1939-03-21</span>) </span>March 21, 1939<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 85)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Maria Dugger</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_College" title="Gettysburg College">Gettysburg College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Fred Fisher Fielding</b> (born March 21, 1939) is an American lawyer. He held the office of <a href="/wiki/White_House_Counsel" title="White House Counsel">White House Counsel</a> for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">US Presidents</a> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> in addition to serving as an associate and deputy White House counsel for <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> under <a href="/wiki/John_Dean" title="John Dean">John Dean</a>. Fielding was also counsel to the <a href="/wiki/First_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidential transition of Donald Trump">first presidential transition of Donald Trump</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/9/11_Commission" title="9/11 Commission">9/11 Commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An alumnus of <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_College" title="Gettysburg College">Gettysburg College</a>, he is the namesake of that school's Fielding Center for Presidential Leadership Study. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fielding was born in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia, Pennsylvania">Philadelphia</a> and raised in <a href="/wiki/Mechanicsville,_Bucks_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Mechanicsville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania">Mechanicsville, Pennsylvania</a>. He attended <a href="/wiki/Central_Bucks_High_School_West" title="Central Bucks High School West">Central Bucks High School West</a>, graduated cum laude from <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_College" title="Gettysburg College">Gettysburg College</a> in 1961, and received his <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">J.D.</a> degree from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law" title="University of Virginia School of Law">University of Virginia School of Law</a> in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He married Maria Dugger and had two children, Adam and Alexandra.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Gettysburg College, he is the namesake of the Fielding Center for Presidential Leadership Study.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law_firms">Law firms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Law firms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fielding began his career as a summer associate at Morgan, Lewis & Bockius in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fielding was a senior partner at <a href="/wiki/Wiley_Rein_LLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiley Rein LLP">Wiley Rein LLP</a> (formerly Wiley Rein & Fielding), a <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> law firm, and in 2009, Fielding joined <a href="/wiki/Morgan,_Lewis_%26_Bockius_LLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP">Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP</a> as a partner in the firm's Washington office.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, he represented, along with others, <a href="/wiki/Blackwater_Worldwide" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwater Worldwide">Blackwater Worldwide</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Private_military_company" title="Private military company">private military company</a>. Following the <a href="/wiki/Blackwater_Baghdad_shootings" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwater Baghdad shootings">Blackwater Baghdad shootings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Waxman" title="Henry Waxman">Henry Waxman</a>'s <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform">House Oversight Committee</a> <a href="/wiki/Subpoena" title="Subpoena">subpoenaed</a> its <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">chief executive officer</a> <a href="/wiki/Erik_Prince" title="Erik Prince">Erik Prince</a> to testify. The climate of opinion among politicians and the public at large jeopardized its contracts to provide security for <a href="/wiki/State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="State Department">State Department</a> personnel in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_administrations">Presidential administrations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Presidential administrations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Richard_Nixon">Richard Nixon</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Richard Nixon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fielding served as Associate Counsel for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> from 1970 to 1972, where he was the deputy to <a href="/wiki/John_Dean" title="John Dean">John Dean</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then returned to Morgan, Lewis & Bockius.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Deep_Throat_speculation">Deep Throat speculation</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Deep Throat speculation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 2003, a team of <a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">journalism</a> students taught by <a href="/wiki/William_Gaines_(professor)" title="William Gaines (professor)">William Gaines</a> conducted a detailed review of source materials, leading them to conclude that Fielding was <a href="/wiki/Deep_Throat_(Watergate)" title="Deep Throat (Watergate)">Deep Throat</a>, the unnamed source for articles written by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i> reporters <a href="/wiki/Bob_Woodward" title="Bob Woodward">Bob Woodward</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Bernstein" title="Carl Bernstein">Carl Bernstein</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fielding.DeepThroat_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fielding.DeepThroat-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many years previously, former <a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a> for <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, <a href="/wiki/H._R._Haldeman" title="H. R. Haldeman">H. R. Haldeman</a>, also speculated that Fielding was Deep Throat.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That speculation ended after former Associate Director of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation </a> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Felt" title="Mark Felt">Mark Felt</a> announced in May 2005 that he was Deep Throat, as later confirmed by Woodward, Bernstein and Executive Editor <a href="/wiki/Ben_Bradlee" title="Ben Bradlee">Ben Bradlee</a> in a statement released through <i>The Washington Post</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ronald_Reagan">Ronald Reagan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ronald Reagan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was the <a href="/wiki/Counsel_to_the_President" class="mw-redirect" title="Counsel to the President">Counsel to the President</a> for President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> from 1981 to 1986. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="George_H.W._Bush_and_Bill_Clinton">George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fielding served on the Tribunal on the U.S.-UK Air Treaty Dispute (1989–1994), <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Federal_Ethics_Law_Reform" title="Commission on Federal Ethics Law Reform">Commission on Federal Ethics Law Reform</a> (1989), and <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a> <a href="/wiki/Rodney_E._Slater" title="Rodney E. Slater">Rodney E. Slater</a>'s Task Force on Aviation Disasters (1997–1998). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="9/11_Commission"><span id="9.2F11_Commission"></span>9/11 Commission</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 9/11 Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2002, Fielding, became one of ten bipartisan members of the <a href="/wiki/9/11_Commission" title="9/11 Commission">National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States</a> (also known as the 9/11 Commission), where he was credited with helping to persuade the Bush administration to be more transparent with the commission than the administration had initially planned to be.<sup id="cite_ref-ready_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ready-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="George_W._Bush">George W. Bush</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: George W. Bush"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fielding returned to government on January 8, 2007 by President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> to replace outgoing White House Counsel <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Miers" title="Harriet Miers">Harriet Miers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fielding was responsible for approving the pardon issued by President Bush to convicted real estate fraudster <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Toussie" title="Isaac Toussie">Isaac Toussie</a>. When the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Daily_News" title="New York Daily News">New York Daily News</a></i> reported that Toussie had made large contributions to the Republican Party, the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> revoked the pardon the next day.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i>Time</i> magazine in July 2009, Fielding opposed Vice President <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a>'s request that President Bush issue a full pardon to convicted vice presidential aide <a href="/wiki/Scooter_Libby" title="Scooter Libby">Scooter Libby</a>. Following Fielding's advice, Bush ended up not pardoning Libby.<sup id="cite_ref-ready_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ready-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Donald_Trump">Donald Trump</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Donald Trump"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fielding served on president-elect <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s legal team.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fielding's work for Trump was announced by his Morgan, Lewis colleague, <a href="/wiki/Sheri_Dillon" title="Sheri Dillon">Sheri Dillon</a>, when she spoke at Trump's January 11, 2017, a day after a leaked document alleged the Trump campaign's long suspected collusion with Russian efforts to derail his presidential campaign competitor <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Russia">Russia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fielding has published legal articles on the topics of presidential counsel and <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> matters in his role at <a href="/wiki/Morgan,_Lewis_%26_Bockius_LLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP">Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP</a>. The firm was named 2016 Russia Law Firm of the Year by <a href="/wiki/Chambers_and_Partners" title="Chambers and Partners">Chambers and Partners</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The awards are based on research and, "substantial feedback from clients". The firm's Moscow office has won previous honors for its high-profile work in Russia. Including a Tier 1 rank from The Legal 500 EMEA for Corporate/M&A Law Firm, Russia<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a rank in Bank 1 from Chambers Global for Energy & Natural Resources Law Firm, Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eisenhowerinstitute.org/about/national-advisory-council/fred-f-fielding">"Fred F. Fielding - The Eisenhower Institute at Gettysburg College"</a>. <i>www.eisenhowerinstitute.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.eisenhowerinstitute.org&rft.atitle=Fred+F.+Fielding+-+The+Eisenhower+Institute+at+Gettysburg+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eisenhowerinstitute.org%2Fabout%2Fnational-advisory-council%2Ffred-f-fielding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFred+F.+Fielding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090412025240/http://www.morganlewis.com/index.cfm/bNodeID/a8ae7fe7-aaa1-4ee4-adee-d2b020602a3b/newsID/bf4f62cd-be00-49de-aa9e-3c1630786352/fuseaction/news.detail">"Ex-White House counsel returns to Washington office of Morgan Lewis"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Morgan,_Lewis_%26_Bockius" title="Morgan, Lewis & Bockius">Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP</a>. April 9, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.com/nationallawjournal/almID/1202429771012/?slreturn=20210611180021">the original</a> on April 12, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ex-White+House+counsel+returns+to+Washington+office+of+Morgan+Lewis&rft.date=2009-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.com%2Fnationallawjournal%2FalmID%2F1202429771012%2F%3Fslreturn%3D20210611180021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFred+F.+Fielding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VEOY94L1XNsC&q=fred+f+fielding+maria+dugger&pg=RA2-PA63"><i>Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Fred Fielding is now White House counsel for President Bush, but in 2005 he represented Blackwater in a lawsuit filed by the families of four Blackwater workers killed in a massacre in Fallujah in 2004.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News+and+Observer&rft.atitle=Blackwater+faces+more+scrutiny&rft.date=2008-03-11&rft.aulast=Neff&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsobserver.com%2F917%2Fstory%2F993728.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFred+F.+Fielding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaxman2008" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Waxman" title="Henry Waxman">Waxman, Henry A.</a> (March 10, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080326202141/http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20080310101306.pdf">"Employment Practices of Blackwater Worldwide"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Memorandum to Members of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform">United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Morgan+Lewis+lawyer+takes+center+stage+on+Trump+business+conflicts&rft.date=2007-01-12&rft.aulast=Freifield&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.au=Morgan%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fusa-trump-finances-dillon%2Fmorgan-lewis-lawyer-takes-center-stage-on-trump-business-conflicts-idUSL1N1F3034&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFred+F.+Fielding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2016 Chambers Europe guide as Russia Law Firm of the Year.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legal500.com/c/russia/">"Doing Business in...Russia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Legal_500" class="mw-redirect" title="The Legal 500">The Legal 500</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Doing+Business+in...Russia&rft.pub=The+Legal+500&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legal500.com%2Fc%2Frussia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFred+F.+Fielding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chambers.com/legal-rankings/energy-natural-resources-russia-2:24:180:1">"Energy & Natural Resources in Russia Legal Rankings"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Energy+%26+Natural+Resources+in+Russia+Legal+Rankings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchambers.com%2Flegal-rankings%2Fenergy-natural-resources-russia-2%3A24%3A180%3A1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFred+F.+Fielding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.morganlewis.com/news/chambers-partners-names-morgan-lewis-as-russia-law-firm-of-the-year">"Chambers & Partners Names Morgan Lewis as Russia Law Firm of the Year"</a>. May 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Chambers+%26+Partners+Names+Morgan+Lewis+as+Russia+Law+Firm+of+the+Year&rft.date=2016-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.morganlewis.com%2Fnews%2Fchambers-partners-names-morgan-lewis-as-russia-law-firm-of-the-year&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFred+F.+Fielding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.9-11commission.gov/about/bio_fielding.htm">9/11 Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130118044149/http://newsmeat.com/washington_political_donations/Fred_Fielding.php">Fred Fielding's federal campaign contribution report</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061208215234/http://www.wrf.com/directory.cfm?attorney_id=462">Listing on Wiley Rein & Fielding LLP</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spartacus-educational.com/JFKfielding.htm">Spartacus Educational Biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?57688">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Cutler" title="Lloyd Cutler">Lloyd Cutler</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/White_House_Counsel" title="White House Counsel">White House Counsel</a> </b><br />1981–1986 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Wallison" title="Peter J. Wallison">Peter Wallison</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Miers" title="Harriet Miers">Harriet Miers</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/White_House_Counsel" title="White House Counsel">White House Counsel</a> </b><br />2007–2009 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_B._Craig" title="Gregory B. Craig">Greg Craig</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kean" title="Thomas Kean">Kean</a> (Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. 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Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Stephens_(politician)" title="Thomas E. Stephens (politician)">Stephens</a> (leave)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_M._Shanley" title="Bernard M. Shanley">Shanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_D._Morgan" title="Gerald D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_W._Kendall" title="David W. Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Sorensen" title="Ted Sorensen">Sorensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myer_Feldman" title="Myer Feldman">Feldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_C._White" title="Lee C. White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Semer" title="Milton Semer">Semer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_McPherson" title="Harry McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_E._Temple" title="Larry E. Temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Colson" title="Charles Colson">Colson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ehrlichman" title="John Ehrlichman">Ehrlichman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dean" title="John Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Garment" title="Leonard Garment">Garment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_W._Buchen" title="Philip W. Buchen">Buchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lipshutz" title="Robert Lipshutz">Lipshutz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Cutler" title="Lloyd Cutler">Cutler</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fielding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Wallison" title="Peter J. Wallison">Wallison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._Culvahouse_Jr." title="Arthur B. Culvahouse Jr.">Culvahouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Boyden_Gray" title="C. Boyden Gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Nussbaum" title="Bernard Nussbaum">Nussbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Cutler" title="Lloyd Cutler">Cutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abner_Mikva" title="Abner Mikva">Mikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Quinn_(lawyer)" title="Jack Quinn (lawyer)">Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ruff" title="Charles Ruff">Ruff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Mills" title="Cheryl Mills">Mills</a> (Acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Nolan" title="Beth Nolan">Nolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Gonzales" title="Alberto Gonzales">Gonzales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Miers" title="Harriet Miers">Miers</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fielding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_B._Craig" title="Gregory B. Craig">Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bauer" title="Robert Bauer">Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Ruemmler" title="Kathryn Ruemmler">Ruemmler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Eggleston" title="Neil Eggleston">Eggleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_McGahn" title="Don McGahn">McGahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmet_Flood" title="Emmet Flood">Flood</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Cipollone" title="Pat Cipollone">Cipollone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Remus" title="Dana Remus">Remus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Delery" title="Stuart Delery">Delery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Siskel" title="Ed Siskel">Siskel</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/80px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/120px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/160px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="58" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&oldid=1257989294">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fred_F._Fielding&oldid=1257989294</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1939_births" title="Category:1939 births">1939 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_lawyers" title="Category:20th-century American lawyers">20th-century American lawyers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dismissal_of_U.S._attorneys_controversy" title="Category:Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy">Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:George_W._Bush_administration_personnel" title="Category:George W. 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