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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">baalih ka bilah higa</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">suhukakan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laman_Tatambaian" title="Ilangi laman tatambaian [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Laman tatambaian</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Paubahan_pahanyarnya" title="Daptar paubahan pahanyarnya dalam wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Paubahan pahanyarnya</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lawang:Garamaan" title="Gagai 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cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Gagai di Wikipidia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Panggagaian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Gagai Wikipidia" aria-label="Gagai Wikipidia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Gagai di Wikipidia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimiwa:Panggagaian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Gagai</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Pakakas saurang"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampaian"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampaian" > <label 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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=bjn.wikipedia.org&uselang=bjn" class=""><span>Manyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimiwa:Ulah_akun&returnto=Ateisma" title="Pian dianjurakan gasan maulah akun wan babuat log; tagal, hal ngintu kada wajib" class=""><span>Ulah akun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimiwa:Babuat_log&returnto=Ateisma" title="Pian sabaiknya babuat ka dalam log; tagal ngini kada kawajiban pang [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Babuat log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Pilihan lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pakakas saurang" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pakakas saurang</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Ménu pamakai" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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nang sudah kaluar log <a href="/wiki/Patulung:Pambuka" aria-label="Palajari labih lanjut hiwal mambabak"><span>palajari labih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbangan_ulun" title="Daptar babakan nang diulah matan alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Sumbangan</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Pamandiran_ulun" title="Pamandiran hiwal pambabakan matan alamat IP ngini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pamandiran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">baalih ka bilah higa</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">suhukakan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Panambaian</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Asal_Istilah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asal_Istilah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Asal Istilah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asal_Istilah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Definisi_wan_Pambidaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisi_wan_Pambidaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Definisi wan Pambidaan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Definisi_wan_Pambidaan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingakan subbagian Definisi wan Pambidaan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Definisi_wan_Pambidaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ruang_lingkup" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ruang_lingkup"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ruang lingkup</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ruang_lingkup-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Implisit_dan_eksplisit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Implisit_dan_eksplisit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Implisit dan eksplisit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Implisit_dan_eksplisit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kuat_dan_lamah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kuat_dan_lamah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Kuat dan lamah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kuat_dan_lamah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dasar_pamikiran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dasar_pamikiran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dasar pamikiran</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dasar_pamikiran-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingakan subbagian Dasar pamikiran</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dasar_pamikiran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ateisma_praktis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ateisma_praktis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ateisma praktis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ateisma_praktis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ateisma_teoretis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ateisma_teoretis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Ateisma teoretis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ateisma_teoretis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Argumen_epistemologis_dan_ontologis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argumen_epistemologis_dan_ontologis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Argumen epistemologis dan ontologis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argumen_epistemologis_dan_ontologis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Argumen_metafisika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argumen_metafisika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Argumen metafisika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argumen_metafisika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Argumen_psikologis,_sosiologis,_dan_ekonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argumen_psikologis,_sosiologis,_dan_ekonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Argumen psikologis, sosiologis, dan ekonomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argumen_psikologis,_sosiologis,_dan_ekonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Argumen_logis_dan_badasar_bukti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argumen_logis_dan_badasar_bukti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>Argumen logis dan badasar bukti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argumen_logis_dan_badasar_bukti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Argumen_antroposentris" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argumen_antroposentris"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>Argumen antroposentris</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argumen_antroposentris-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ateisma,_agama,_wan_moralitas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ateisma,_agama,_wan_moralitas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ateisma, agama, wan moralitas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ateisma,_agama,_wan_moralitas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daptar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingakan daptar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingakan daptar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ateisma</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Tulak ka artikal dalam basa lain. Tahaga 172 basa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-172" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">172 basa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%AFsme" title="Ateïsme – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ateïsme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheismus" title="Atheismus – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Atheismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%ADsmo" title="Ateísmo – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ateísmo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel%C4%93afl%C4%93asnes" title="Gelēaflēasnes – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gelēaflēasnes" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="नास्तिकता – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="नास्तिकता" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="إلحاد – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إلحاد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="إلحاد – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إلحاد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="الحاد – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الحاد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="নাস্তিকতা – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="নাস্তিকতা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%ADsmu" title="Ateísmu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ateísmu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkiskeva" title="Alkiskeva – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Alkiskeva" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizm" title="Ateizm – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ateizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="آتئیزم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آتئیزم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheismus" title="Atheismus – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Atheismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C4%97zmos" title="Ateėzmos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Ateėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ateismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атэізм – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Атэізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атэізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Атэізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaga%27_betuhan" title="Kaga' betuhan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kaga' betuhan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Атеизъм – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атеизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="নাস্তিক্যবাদ – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নাস্তিক্যবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%B7%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A8%E0%BE%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="ལྷ་མེད་སྨྲ་བ་པོ། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལྷ་མེད་སྨྲ་བ་པོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dizoueegezh" title="Dizoueegezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dizoueegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizam" title="Ateizam – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ateizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateyismo" title="Ateyismo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ateyismo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8E%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="بێخوایی – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بێخوایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisimu" title="Ateisimu – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ateisimu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizm" title="Ateizm – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ateizm" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismus" title="Ateismus – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ateismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anffyddiaeth" title="Anffyddiaeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Anffyddiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheismus" title="Atheismus – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Atheismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizm" title="Ateizm – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ateizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%8A%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αθεϊσμός – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αθεϊσμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Atheism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ateismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%ADsmo" title="Ateísmo – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ateísmo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateism" title="Ateism – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ateism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ateismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="خداناباوری – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خداناباوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismi" title="Ateismi – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ateismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateism" title="Ateism – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ateism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gudloysi" title="Gudloysi – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Gudloysi" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ath%C3%A9isme" title="Athéisme – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Athéisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheismus" title="Atheismus – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Atheismus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisim" title="Ateisim – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ateisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%AFsme" title="Ateïsme – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ateïsme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aindiachas" title="Aindiachas – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aindiachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%A9yism" title="Atéyism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Atéyism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-dhiadhaireachd" title="Neo-dhiadhaireachd – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Neo-dhiadhaireachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%ADsmo" title="Ateísmo – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ateísmo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tup%C3%A3re_jerovia%27%E1%BB%B9" title="Tupãre jerovia'ỹ – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tupãre jerovia'ỹ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="નાસ્તિકવાદ – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નાસ્તિકવાદ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjeeys" title="Anjeeys – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Anjeeys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulhidanci" title="Mulhidanci – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mulhidanci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BB-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%80n-lun" title="Vû-sṳ̀n-lun – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Vû-sṳ̀n-lun" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8D%CA%BBole_Akua" title="Hōʻole Akua – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hōʻole Akua" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%90%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="אתאיזם – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אתאיזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="नास्तिकता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नास्तिकता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naastiktaa_(Atheism)" title="Naastiktaa (Atheism) – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Naastiktaa (Atheism)" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizam" title="Ateizam – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ateizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateyis" title="Ateyis – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ateyis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizmus" title="Ateizmus – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ateizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A9%D5%A5%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Աթեիզմ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աթեիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheismo" title="Atheismo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Atheismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ateismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ateismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%BAleysi" title="Trúleysi – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Trúleysi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ateismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96" title="無神論 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="無神論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ietiyizim" title="Ietiyizim – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ietiyizim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/caurceisi%27o" title="caurceisi'o – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="caurceisi'o" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%A9isme" title="Atéisme – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Atéisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ათეიზმი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ათეიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ticcufert" title="Ticcufert – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ticcufert" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateyiizim" title="Ateyiizim – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ateyiizim" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci_A%CC%B1gwaza" title="Ci A̱gwaza – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ci A̱gwaza" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Atheism" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EC%8B%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="무신론 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="무신론" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%AEzm" title="Ateîzm – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ateîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheismus" title="Atheismus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Atheismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheismus" title="Atheismus – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Atheismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athe%C3%AFsme" title="Atheïsme – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Atheïsme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismu" title="Ateismu – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ateismu" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1" title="ອະເທວະນິຍົມ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອະເທວະນິຍົມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizmas" title="Ateizmas – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ateizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisms" title="Ateisms – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ateisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Атеизмась – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Атеизмась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisma" title="Ateisma – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ateisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Атеизам – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Атеизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82" title="നിരീശ്വരവാദം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നിരീശ്വരവാദം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%92%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9D%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%92" title="အဒေဝဝါဒ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="အဒေဝဝါဒ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="नास्तिकता – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नास्तिकता" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atei%C5%BCmu" title="Ateiżmu – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ateiżmu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%ADsmo" title="Ateísmo – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ateísmo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%92%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9D%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%92" title="အဒေဝဝါဒ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အဒေဝဝါဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="آتئیسم – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آتئیسم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahte%C5%8Dmatiliztli" title="Ahteōmatiliztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Ahteōmatiliztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheismus" title="Atheismus – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Atheismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="नास्तिकता – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="नास्तिकता" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%83" title="द्यःख्यालः – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="द्यःख्यालः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athe%C3%AFsme" title="Atheïsme – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Atheïsme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateisme" title="Ateisme – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ateisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%AFsme" title="Ateïsme – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ateïsme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE" title="ନାସ୍ତିକତା – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ନାସ୍ତିକତା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਨਾਸਤਿਕਤਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਾਸਤਿਕਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%ADsmo" title="Ateísmo – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Ateísmo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%A9ime" title="Atéime – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Atéime" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizm" title="Ateizm – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ateizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateism" title="Ateism – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ateism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ایتھیازم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایتھیازم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="اتيزم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اتيزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ate%C3%ADsmo" title="Ateísmo – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ateísmo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athismu" title="Athismu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Athismu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateism" title="Ateism – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ateism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеізм – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Атеізм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismu" title="Ateismu – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ateismu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atiismu" title="Atiismu – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Atiismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Atheism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="لامذهبيت – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="لامذهبيت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizam" title="Ateizam – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ateizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="අදේවවාදය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අදේවවාදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Atheism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizmus" title="Ateizmus – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ateizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizem" title="Ateizem – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ateizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizmi" title="Ateizmi – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ateizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Атеизам – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Атеизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateism" title="Ateism – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ateism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukanamungu" title="Ukanamungu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ukanamungu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atejizm" title="Atejizm – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Atejizm" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="இறைமறுப்பு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இறைமறுப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="నాస్తికత్వం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నాస్తికత్వం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="อเทวนิยม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อเทวนิยม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ateismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizm" title="Ateizm – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ateizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеизм – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Атеизм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%89%D8%B2%D9%84%D9%89%D9%82" title="دىنسىزلىق – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="دىنسىزلىق" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%97%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атеїзм – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Атеїзм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="دہریت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دہریت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizm" title="Ateizm – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ateizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateizm" title="Ateizm – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ateizm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_v%C3%B4_th%E1%BA%A7n" title="Chủ nghĩa vô thần – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa vô thần" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateyisse" title="Ateyisse – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Ateyisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ateismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="无神论 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="无神论" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ათეიზმი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ათეიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="אטעיזם – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אטעיזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9B%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛⵜ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%BA" title="无神论 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="无神论" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BB-s%C3%AEn-l%C5%ABn" title="Bû-sîn-lūn – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bû-sîn-lūn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96" title="無神論 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="無神論" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7066#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Babak tautan interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Babak interwiki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ngarankamar"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ateisma" title="Janaki laman kontén [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Laman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pamandiran:Ateisma&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Pamandiran hiwal laman kontén (laman baluman ada) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pamandiran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian basa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Banjar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampaian"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ateisma"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit" title="Babak laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Babak</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit" title="Babak kode sumber laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Babak asal mulanya</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=history" title="Ralatan bahari laman ngini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Janaki riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pakakas laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pakakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pakakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Pakakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">baalih ka bilah higa</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">suhukakan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ateisma"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit" title="Babak laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Babak</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit" title="Babak kode sumber laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Babak asal mulanya</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=history"><span>Janaki riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Tautan_balik/Ateisma" title="Daptar samunyaan laman wiki nang ada tautan ka sini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Tautan balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Paubahan_tarait/Ateisma" rel="nofollow" title="Paubahan pahanyarnya dalam laman nang baisi tautan matan laman ngini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Paubahan tarait</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=bjn" title="Unggah barakas [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Unggah barakas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&oldid=70997" title="Tautan tatap ka ralatan laman ngini"><span>Tautan tatap</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=info" title="Maklumat labih lanjut hiwal laman ngini"><span>Panjalasan laman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimiwa:Juhut&page=Ateisma&id=70997&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Maklumat hiwal cara mangutip laman ini"><span>Kutip laman ngini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimiwa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAteisma"><span>Janaki URL handap</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimiwa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAteisma"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bjn" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:Paul_Heinrich_Dietrich_Baron_d%27Holbach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Paul_Heinrich_Dietrich_Baron_d%27Holbach.jpg/200px-Paul_Heinrich_Dietrich_Baron_d%27Holbach.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Paul_Heinrich_Dietrich_Baron_d%27Holbach.jpg/300px-Paul_Heinrich_Dietrich_Baron_d%27Holbach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Paul_Heinrich_Dietrich_Baron_d%27Holbach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="377" data-file-height="405" /></a><figcaption>Panulis <a href="/wiki/Parancis" title="Parancis">Parancis</a> abad ka-18, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baron_d%27Holbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baron d'Holbach (laman baluman ada)">Baron d'Holbach</a> adalah sa'ikung urang panambaian nang manyambat diri sidin ateis. Dalam buku <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_System_of_Nature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The System of Nature (laman baluman ada)">The System of Nature</a></i> (1770), sidin malukisakan alam basar dalam pangartian materialisma filsafat, determinisma nang kipit, dan ateisma. Buku nangini dan buku sidin <i>Common Sense</i> (1772) dikutuk ulih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parlemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parlemen (laman baluman ada)">Parlemen Paris</a>, wan sasalinannya disalukut di hadapan urang banyak.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ateisma</b> marupakan sabuting pandangan filosofi nang kada mamparcayai adanya <a href="/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan">Tuhan</a> wan <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%A9wa-d%C3%A9wi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Déwa-déwi (laman baluman ada)">déwa-déwi</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> atawa jua ba'indah (manampik) lawan téisma.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam pangartian nang paling luas, inya tutih kadada kaparcayaan lawan adanya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diwa (laman baluman ada)">diwa</a> atawa <a href="/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan">Tuhan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Istilah <i>atéisma</i> baasal tumatan Bahasa Yunani <span lang="grc" class="description grc"><a href="https://bjn.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%84%CE%B8%CE%B5%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:ἄθεος">ἄθεος</a></span> (<i>atheos</i>), nang sacara marandahakan diguna'akan gasan manunjuk lawan siapa haja nang kaparcayaannya balawanan lawan agama/kaparcayaan nang sudah nahap di lingkungannya. Sawayah manyabaknya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pamikiran_bibas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pamikiran bibas (laman baluman ada)">pamikiran bibas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sk%C3%A9ptisisma_ilmiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sképtisisma ilmiah (laman baluman ada)">sképtisisma ilmiah</a>, wan kritik lawan agama, istilah atéis bamula dikhususakan gasan manunjuk lawan bubuhan nang kada parcaya lawan Tuhan. Urang nang panambaian mangaku sabagai "atéis" mancungul wayah abad ka-18. Di jaman wayah ini, ada pang bangsa 2,3% populasi dunia mangaku sabagai atéis, bubuhan nang lain pulang 11,9% mangaku sabagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nont%C3%A9isma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nontéisma (laman baluman ada)">nontéis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_demographics_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica_demographics-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ada bangsa 65% urang Japang mangaku sabagai atéis, agnostik, atawa jua urang nang kada ba-agama; dan bangsa 48%-nya di nagara Rusia.<sup id="cite_ref-Zuckerman_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zuckerman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parsintasi komunitas nangitu di Uni Irupa baantara 6% (Italia) sampai 85% (Swedia).<sup id="cite_ref-Zuckerman_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zuckerman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Banyak urang atéis basikap curiga lawan adanya paristiwa paranormal marga kurangnya bukti émpiris. Bubuhan nang lain mambari'i alasan badasar pada filosofis, susial, atawa sajarah. </p><p>Di kabudayaan Barat, atéis karancakannya dianggap sabagai kada ba-agama (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ireligius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ireligius (laman baluman ada)">ireligius</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-cline-buddhism_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cline-buddhism-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Babarapa aliran <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agama_Buddha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agama Buddha (laman baluman ada)">Agama Buddha</a> kada suah manyambat istilah '<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuhan_dalam_agama_Buddha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuhan dalam agama Buddha (laman baluman ada)">Tuhan</a>' dalam bamacam upacara ritualnya, tagal dalam Agama Buddha konsép katuhanan nang dimaksud hintadi mangguna'akan istilah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nibbana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nibbana (laman baluman ada)">Nibbana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marga kaitu pang agama nangini rancak disambat agama atéistik.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tapi pang banyak jua tumatan bubuhan urang nang ma-artiakan dirinya sabagai atéis bacundai lawan filosofi sékular pariannya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Humanisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humanisma (laman baluman ada)">humanisma</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rasiunalisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rasiunalisma (laman baluman ada)">rasiunalisma</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naturalisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naturalisma (laman baluman ada)">naturalisma</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, kadada idéologi atawa kalakuan bakurinah nang dijunjung ulih samunyaan atéis.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asal_Istilah">Asal Istilah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Babak hagian: Asal Istilah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=1" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Asal Istilah"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:Ephesians_2,12_-_Greek_atheos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ephesians_2%2C12_-_Greek_atheos.jpg/220px-Ephesians_2%2C12_-_Greek_atheos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Ephesians_2%2C12_-_Greek_atheos.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="135" /></a><figcaption>Kata Yunani <span lang="grc" class="description grc">αθεοι</span> (<i>atheoi</i>), nang talihat di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Surat_Paulus_lawan_Jamaah_di_Efesus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surat Paulus lawan Jamaah di Efesus (laman baluman ada)">Surat Paulus lawan Jamaah di Efesus</a> di atas papirus abad ka-3</figcaption></figure> <p>Di wayah jaman <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunani_bahari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunani bahari (laman baluman ada)">Yunani bahari</a>, kata sipat <i>atheos</i> (<i><span lang="grc" class="description grc"><a href="https://bjn.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%84%CE%B8%CE%B5%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:ἄθεος">ἄθεος</a></span></i>, baasal matan awalan ἀ- + <i><span lang="grc" class="description grc"><a href="https://bjn.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%8C%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:θεός">θεός</a></span></i> "tuhan") baarti "kada batuhan". Kata nangini batumat manunjuk lawan manampikakan tuhan nang disinghaja'akan dan batumat aktip wayah abad ka-5 SM, mamakai définisi "mamagat hubungan lawan tuhan/diwa" atawa "manampik tuhan/diwa". Tarjamahan modérn di téks-téks klasik bahanu manarjamahakan <span title="grc transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">atheos</span> sabagai "atéistik". Sabagai nomina abstrak, ta'ulih jua <i><span lang="grc" class="description grc"><a href="https://bjn.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:ἀθεότης">ἀθεότης</a></span></i> (<span title="grc transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">atheotēs</span>), nang baarti "atéisma". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cicero (laman baluman ada)">Cicero</a> mantransliterasi kata Yunani naitu ka dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Latin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Latin (laman baluman ada)">bahasa Latin</a> <i><span lang="la" class="description la"><a href="https://bjn.wiktionary.org/wiki/atheos#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:atheos">atheos</a></span></i>. Istilah naini rancak diguna'akan wayah bapapandiran antara umat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gar%C3%A9ja_tatambaian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garéja tatambaian (laman baluman ada)">Kerestén awal</a> lawan bubuhan umat agama Yunani Kuna (Helenis), nang basasambatan sabagai atéis sacara marandahakan.<sup id="cite_ref-drachmann_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drachmann-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Ateisma</i> panambaian diguna'akan gasan manunjuk lawan "kaparcayaan batunggal" wayah pandudian abad ka-18 di <a href="/wiki/Irupa" title="Irupa">Irupa</a>, utamanya manunjuk kapada kahadaparcayaan lawan Tuhan monoteis.<sup id="cite_ref-adevism_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adevism-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wayah abad ka-20, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalisasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Globalisasi (laman baluman ada)">globalisasi</a> mamparluas definisi istilah nangini hagan manunjuk kapada "kahadaparcayaan lawan samunyaan tuhan/diwa", tagal magun ai sacara umum gasan manunjuk ateisma sabagai "kahadaparcayaan lawan Tuhan (monoteis)".<sup id="cite_ref-martin_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-martin-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wayah dudi nangini, ta'ulih suatu gasakan di dalam galambang filosofi nang balain gasan mandéfinisiakan ba'asa <i>atéisma</i> sabagai "kadada kaparcayaan lawan diwa/diwi", daripada atéisma sabagai kaparcayaan nangitu sawrang. Définisi nangini wantar banar di antara komunitas atéis, tagal panggunaannya magun ai tabatas haja.<sup id="cite_ref-martin_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-martin-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definisi_wan_Pambidaan">Definisi wan Pambidaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Babak hagian: Definisi wan Pambidaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=2" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Definisi wan Pambidaan"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:AtheismImplicitExplicit3_versiindo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AtheismImplicitExplicit3_versiindo.png/200px-AtheismImplicitExplicit3_versiindo.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AtheismImplicitExplicit3_versiindo.png/300px-AtheismImplicitExplicit3_versiindo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AtheismImplicitExplicit3_versiindo.png/400px-AtheismImplicitExplicit3_versiindo.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption>Sabuting gambaran nang manampaiakan hubungan antara definisi ateisma nahap/lamah lawan ateisma implisit/eksplisit. Ateis implisit kada baisi pamikiran ba-kaparcayaan lawan tuhan; sa'ikung urang nangkaya itu disambat sacara implisit sondér kaparcayaan lawan tuhan. Ateis eksplisit ma'ambil posisi kapada kaparcayaan lawan tuhan; sa'ikung urang nangitu kawa bahaliung gasan parcaya lawan tuhan (ateisma lamah), atawa jua ma'ambil posisi bahua tuhan kada ada (ateisma nahap).</figcaption></figure> <p>Bubuhan pananulis babida-bida dalam mendefinisikan dan mangklasifikasi <i>ateisma</i><sup id="cite_ref-eb911-atheism_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb911-atheism-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, yakni apakah ateisma merupakan suatu kaparcayaan batunggal atawa tikas katiadaan lawan kaparcayaan, dan apa ateisma parlu ba'indah nang sacara sadar dan eksplisit digawi. Bamacam kategori sudah disurung gasan mancuba mambida'akan macam-macam bantuk ateisma. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ruang_lingkup">Ruang lingkup</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Babak hagian: Ruang lingkup" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=3" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Ruang lingkup"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sapalih ambiguitas dan kontroversi nang ta'umpat dalam pendefinisian <i>ateisma</i> marga kangalihan mandapati konsensus dalam mendefinisikan kata-kata nangkaya <i>diwa</i> dan <i>tuhan</i>. Pluralitas dalam konsep katuhanan dan diwa manyababakan bida pamikiran gasan ma'andak kata <i>ateisma</i>. Dalam konteks <i>teisma</i> didefinisikan sabagai kaparcayaan lawan <a href="/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan">Tuhan</a> monoteis, urang-urang nang parcaya lawan diwa-diwi lainnya bakal diklasifikasikan sabagai ateis. Kabalikannya jua, urang-urang Rumawi gin mandawa umat Keresten sabagai ateis lantaran kada manyambah diwa-diwi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paganisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paganisma (laman baluman ada)">paganisma</a>. Wayah abad ka-20, pandangan nang ini batumat ditinggalakan baimbaian lawan dianggapnya <i>teisma</i> meliputi sabarataan kaparcayaan lawan diwa/tuhan.<sup id="cite_ref-mmartin_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mmartin-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bagantung lawan apa nang bubuhan ateis indahakan (tampikakan), ma'indahakan ateisma kawa saputar tumatan maindahakan kaba'adaan tuhan/diwa sampai wan kaba'adaan konsep-konsep spiritual dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paranormal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paranormal (laman baluman ada)">paranormal</a> nangkaya nang ada di agama Hindu dan Buddha.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica1992_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica1992-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Implisit_dan_eksplisit">Implisit dan eksplisit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Babak hagian: Implisit dan eksplisit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=4" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Implisit dan eksplisit"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Definisi ateisma gin bamacam-macam jua dalam halnya sajauh mana garang sa'ikung urang nangitu musti maambil posisi mengenai gagasan kabaradaan tuhan supaya inya dianggap sabagai ateis. Ateisma bahanu didefinisikan sacara luas gasan maliputi katiadaan kaparcayaan lawan kabaradaan tuhan/diwa. Definisi nang luas nangini kaina mamasukkan jua urang-urang nang kada ba'isi konsep teisma sabagai ateis. Di tahun 1772, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baron_d%27Holbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baron d'Holbach (laman baluman ada)">Baron d'Holbach</a> mamadahakan bahua "Samunyaan kakanakan diparanakakan sabagai ateis, lantaran bubuhannya nangitu kada tahu lawan Tuhan."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_H._Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George H. Smith (laman baluman ada)">George H. Smith</a> (1979) jua mansugestikan bahua: "Urang nang kada tahu lawan teisma adalah ateis lantaran inya kada parcaya lawan tuhan. Kategori nang ini jua bakal mamasukakan kakanak ba-kapasitas konseptual gasan mangarti isu-isu nang ta'umpat, tagal magun ai kada sadar lawan isu-isu nangkaya itu (<i>sabagai ateis</i>). Fakta bahua kakanak nangini kada parcaya lawan tuhan ma'ulah di'inya tutih pantas ai disambat ateis."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smith ma'ulah istilah <i>ateisma implisit</i> gasan manunjuk lawan "kahada kaparcayaan teistik tanpa ba'indah nang sacara sadar digawi" dan <i>ateisma eksplisit</i> gasan manunjuk lawan definisi kahadaparcayaan nang digawi sacara sadar. </p><p>Dalam kabudayaan Barat, pandangan bahua kakanakan diparanakakan sabagai ateis merupakan pamikiran nang hanyar. Sabalum abad ka-18, kaba'adaan Tuhan ditarima sacara luas banar sadamintunya kaba'adaan ateisma nang bujur-bujur kada parcaya lawan Tuhan nangitu jadi tatakunan kaba'adaannya. Hal nangkaya ini disambat <i>theistic innatism</i> (pambawaan lahir teistik), yakni suatu nosi bahua samunyaan urang parcaya lawan Tuhan tumat diparanakanan. Pandangan nangini ba'isi konotasi bahua bubuhan ateis hanyalah bakulim lawan dirinya sawrang.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ta'ulih jua sabuah posisi nang mangklaim bahua ateis pacang lakas parcaya lawan Tuhan mun di wayah krisis, bahua ateis parcaya lawan tuhan di wayah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maninggal_dunia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maninggal dunia (laman baluman ada)">maninggal dunia</a>, atawa jua bahua "kada ada ateis dalam liang palindungan perang (<i>no atheists in foxholes</i>)."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sapalih pandukung pandangan nangini mangklaim bahua kauntungan antropologis agama ma'ulah manusia kawa ma'atasi ka'adaan nang ngalih talabih baik pang. Sapalih ateis manitikbaratkan pakta bahua ta'ulih banyak cuntuh nang mambukti'akan kabalikannya, di antaranya cuntuh-cuntuh "ateis nang bujur-bujur ba'ada di liang palindungan perang."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kuat_dan_lamah">Kuat dan lamah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Babak hagian: Kuat dan lamah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=5" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Kuat dan lamah"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bubuhan filsuf pariannya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antony_Flew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antony Flew (laman baluman ada)">Antony Flew</a><sup id="cite_ref-presumption_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presumption-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Martin_(filsuf)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Martin (filsuf) (laman baluman ada)">Michael Martin</a><sup id="cite_ref-martin_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-martin-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_L._Rowe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William L. Rowe (laman baluman ada)">William L. Rowe</a><sup id="cite_ref-RoweRoutledge_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RoweRoutledge-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mambida'akan antara ateisma nahap (positip) lawan ateisma lamah (negatip). Ateisma nahap adalah batamam-tamam mamadahakan bahua tuhan kada ada, lamun ateisma lamah meliputi sabarataan bantuk ajaran nonteisma lainnya. Ma'umpati kategorisasi nangini, siapa gin jua nang kahada teis kawa ai tamasuk ateis nang lamah atawa jua nahap.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Istilah <i>lamah</i> dan <i>nahap</i> nang ini merupakan istilah hanyar; tagal istilah nang sabanding nangkaya ateisma <i>negatif</i> dan <i>positif</i> sudah diguna'akan dalam bamacam literatur-literatur filosofi<sup id="cite_ref-presumption_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presumption-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan apologetika Katolik (dalam artian nang sadikit babida).<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manggunakan batasan ateisma nangini, kabanyakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnostisisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnostisisma (laman baluman ada)">agnostik</a> adalah ateis lamah. </p><p>Sawayah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Martin_(filsuf)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Martin (filsuf) (laman baluman ada)">Martin</a>, batamam-tamam mamadahakan bahua <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnostisisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnostisisma (laman baluman ada)">agnostisisma</a> ba'isi bawaan ateisma lamah,<sup id="cite_ref-martin_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-martin-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kabanyakan agnostik memandang pandangan bubuhannya tutih babida matan ateisma, nang bubuhannya lihat ateisma sama haja kadada bujurnya lawan teisma.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ketidaktercapaian pangatahuan nang diparlukan gasan mambuktikan atawa mangulimakan kaba'adaan tuhan/diwa limbahanu dilihat sabagai indikasi bahua ateisma mamarlukan sabuah luncatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaparcayaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaparcayaan (laman baluman ada)">kaparcayaan</a>. Respon ateis kapada argumen naini adalah bahua dalil-dalil <a href="/wiki/Agama" title="Agama">kaagamaan</a> nang kada tabukti saharusnya pang pantas mandapatkan ketidakpercayaan nang sama nangkaya jua kahadaparcayaan lawan dalil-dalil kada tabukti <i>lainnya</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan bahua ketidakterbuktian kaba'adaan tuhan kada ma'implikasikan bahua probabilitas kaba'adaan tuhan sama lawan probabilitas katiadaan tuhan.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Filsuf Skotlandia <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._J._C._Smart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. J. C. Smart (laman baluman ada)">J. J. C. Smart</a> bahkan ba'argumen bahua "limbahanu sa'ikung urang nang bujur-bujur ateis kawa manyambat dirinya sabagai sa'urang agnostik lantaran generalisasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skeptisisma_filosofis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skeptisisma filosofis (laman baluman ada)">skeptisisma filosofis</a> kada ba'alasan nang kainanya mahalangi kita ba'ucap kita tahu apapun, kacawali mungkin kabanaran matematika dan logika formal."<sup id="cite_ref-stanford_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stanford-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marga naitu, sapalih panulis ateis populer nangkaya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Dawkins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Dawkins (laman baluman ada)">Richard Dawkins</a> mamilih gasan mambida'akan posisi teis, agnostik, dan ateis sabagai spektrum probabilitas kapada pernyataan "Tuhan ada" (<i>spektrum probabilitas teistik</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dasar_pamikiran">Dasar pamikiran</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Babak hagian: Dasar pamikiran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=6" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Dasar pamikiran"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:Supreme_Impiety,_Atheist_and_Charlatan_-_Picta_poesis,_by_Barth%C3%A9lemy_Aneau_(1552).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Supreme_Impiety%2C_Atheist_and_Charlatan_-_Picta_poesis%2C_by_Barth%C3%A9lemy_Aneau_%281552%29.jpg/250px-Supreme_Impiety%2C_Atheist_and_Charlatan_-_Picta_poesis%2C_by_Barth%C3%A9lemy_Aneau_%281552%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Supreme_Impiety%2C_Atheist_and_Charlatan_-_Picta_poesis%2C_by_Barth%C3%A9lemy_Aneau_%281552%29.jpg/375px-Supreme_Impiety%2C_Atheist_and_Charlatan_-_Picta_poesis%2C_by_Barth%C3%A9lemy_Aneau_%281552%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Supreme_Impiety%2C_Atheist_and_Charlatan_-_Picta_poesis%2C_by_Barth%C3%A9lemy_Aneau_%281552%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption>"Sa'ikung kakanak tumatan bubuhan garumbulan urang nang suah ditakuni sa'urang ahli <a href="/wiki/Astronomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomi">astronomi</a> siapa abah nang mambawanya ka dalam dunia ini. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cendekiawan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cendekiawan (laman baluman ada)">Cendekiawan</a> naitu manunjuk langit dan sa'urang tuha nang parahatan baduduk, dan ba'ucap:<br /> <i> 'Nang di sana adalah abah awakmu, dan nang itu adalah abah jiwamu.' </i><br /> Kakanak lalakian nangitu mambalas:<br /> <i> 'Napa nang di atas kita bukanlah urusan kita, dan ulun supan jadi anak matan urang nang tuhanya kaya itu!'<br /> </i> 'Umay liwar kada babudi, kada handak maminandui abahmu, dan kada bapikir bahua Tuhan adalah panciptamu!' <i><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ilustrasi ateisma praktis dan asosiasi historisnya lawan amoralitas, judul "Supreme Impiety: Atheist and Charlatan", tumatan </i>Picta poesis<i>, ulih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barth%C3%A9lemy_Aneau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barthélemy Aneau (laman baluman ada)">Barthélemy Aneau</a>, 1552.</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Batasan dasar pamikiran ateistik nang paling lumbah adalah antara ateisma praktis lawan ateisma teoretis. Bantuk-bantuk ateisma teoretis nang babida-bida ba'asal matan argumen filosofis dan dasar pamikiran nang babida-bida jua. Kabalikannya, ateisma praktis kada parlu lawan argumen nang spesifik dan kawa meliputi pengabaian dan ketidaktahuan awan pamikiran tentang tuhan/diwa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ateisma_praktis">Ateisma praktis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Babak hagian: Ateisma praktis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=7" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Ateisma praktis"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam ateisma <i>praktis</i> atawa <i>pragmatis</i>, nang jua dipinandui sabagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apateisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apateisma (laman baluman ada)">apateisma</a>, individu hidup sonder tuhan dan mamadahakan fenomena alam sonder mangguna'akan alasan paranormal. Ujar pandangan nangini, kaba'adaan tuhan kada pang dikulimakan, tagal kawa dianggap sabagai kada panting dan kada baguna; kadanya pang tuhan naitu mambari'i kita tujuan hidup, atawa jua mampangaruhi kahidupan sahari-hari.<sup id="cite_ref-Zdybicka-p20_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zdybicka-p20-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sabuting bantuk ateisma praktis lawan implikasinya dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunitas_ilmiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunitas ilmiah (laman baluman ada)">komunitas ilmiah</a> adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naturalisma_metodologis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naturalisma metodologis (laman baluman ada)">naturalisma metodologis</a>, yaitu pa'ambilan asumsi naturalisma filosofis dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metode_ilmiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metode ilmiah (laman baluman ada)">metode ilmiah</a> nang kada diucapakan lawan atawa jua sonder sacara hibak manarima atawa mamparcayainya."<sup id="cite_ref-neps_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neps-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ateisma_teoretis">Ateisma teoretis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Babak hagian: Ateisma teoretis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=8" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Ateisma teoretis"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ateisma teoretis sacara eksplisit mambari'i argumen menentang kaba'adaan tuhan, dan sacara aktif merespon lawan argumen teistik mengenai kaba'adaan tuhan, nangkaya pariannya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Argumen_matan_rancangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argumen matan rancangan (laman baluman ada)">argumen matan rancangan</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taruhan_Pascal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taruhan Pascal (laman baluman ada)">taruhan Pascal</a>. Ta'ulih bamacam alasan-alasan teoretis gasan manampik kaba'adaan tuhan, utamanya sacara ontologis, gnoseologis, dan epistemologis. Suwalih naitu ta'ulih jua alasan psikologis dan sosiologis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Argumen_epistemologis_dan_ontologis">Argumen epistemologis dan ontologis</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Babak hagian: Argumen epistemologis dan ontologis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=9" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Argumen epistemologis dan ontologis"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ateisma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epistemologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epistemologi (laman baluman ada)">epistemologis</a> ba'argumen bahua urang kada kawa mangatahuani Tuhan atawa jua manantuakan kaba'adaan Tuhan. Dasar epistemologis ateisma adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnostisisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnostisisma (laman baluman ada)">agnostisisma</a>. Dalam filosofi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imanensi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imanensi (laman baluman ada)">imanensi</a>, ketuhanan kada kawa dipisahakan tumatan dunia naitu sawrang, tamasuk jua pikiran sasa'ikung urang, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kasadaran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kasadaran (laman baluman ada)">kasadaran</a> saban ikung urang takunci lawan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Subjek_(filsafat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subjek (filsafat) (laman baluman ada)">subjek</a>. Ujar bantuk agnostisisma naini, katarbatasan lawan perspektif naini mahalangi kasimpulan objektif apapun mengenai kaparcayaan lawan tuhan dan kaba'adaannya. Agnostisisma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rasionalisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rasionalisma (laman baluman ada)">rasionalistik</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Immanuel_Kant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Immanuel Kant (laman baluman ada)">Kant</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_Pencerahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abad Pencerahan (laman baluman ada)">Pencerahan</a> wastu manarima ilmu nang dideduksi matan rasionalitas manusia. Bentuk ateisma naini ba'isi posisi bahua tuhan kada kawa dilihat sabagai suatu materi sacara prinsipnya, sahingga kada kawa dikatahuani apakah inya ada atawa kada. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skeptisisma_filosofis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skeptisisma filosofis (laman baluman ada)">Skeptisisma</a>, nang didasarkan lawan pemikiran <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Hume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Hume (laman baluman ada)">Hume</a>, bataman-taman mamadahakan bahua kapastian lawan sagala sasuatunya adalah kada mungkin, sahingga sa'ikung urang kada pacang suah mangatahuani kaba'adaan tentang Tuhan. Alokasi agnostisisma kapada ateisma adalah dipertentangkan; inya jua kawa dianggap sabagai pandangan dunia dasar nang independen.<sup id="cite_ref-Zdybicka-p20_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zdybicka-p20-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Argumen lainnya nang mandukung ateisma nang kawa diklasifikasikan sabagai epistemologis atawa jua <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ontologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ontologi (laman baluman ada)">ontologis</a> meliputi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Positivisma_logis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Positivisma logis (laman baluman ada)">positivisma logis</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignostisisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignostisisma (laman baluman ada)">ignostisisma</a>, nang batamam-tamam mamadahan ketidakberartian atawa jua ketidakterpahaman istilah-istilah dasar nangkaya "Tuhan" dan pernyataan nangkaya "Tuhan adalah mahakuasa." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonkognitivisma_teologis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonkognitivisma teologis (laman baluman ada)">Nonkognitivisma teologis</a> ba'isi posisi bahua pernyataan "Tuhan ada" bukanlah suatu dalil, namun adalah mangaradau atawa jua sacara kognitif kada ba'arti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Argumen_metafisika">Argumen metafisika</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Babak hagian: Argumen metafisika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=10" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Argumen metafisika"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ateisma metafisik didasarkan lawan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monisma (laman baluman ada)">monisma</a> metafisika, yakni pandangan bahua realitas adalah wantu (homogen) dan kada kawa dibagi. Ateis metafisik absolut tamasuk ka dalam babarapa bantuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisikalisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisikalisma (laman baluman ada)">fisikalisma</a>, sahingga sacara eksplisit manampikakan kaba'adaan makhluk-makhluk halus. Ateis metafisik relatif ba'indah sacara implisit konsep-konsep katuhanan ba'astilah didasarkan lawan ketidakkongruenan antara filosofi dasar bubuhannya lawan sifat-sifat nang biasanya ditujukan lawan tuhan, pariannya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transendensi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transendensi (laman baluman ada)">transendensi</a>, sifat-sifat personal, dan ka'asaan tuhan. Contoh-contoh ateisma metafisik relatif meliputi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panteisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panteisma (laman baluman ada)">panteisma</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panenteisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panenteisma (laman baluman ada)">panenteisma</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deisma (laman baluman ada)">deisma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:Epikouros_BM_1843.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Epikouros_BM_1843.jpg/220px-Epikouros_BM_1843.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Epikouros_BM_1843.jpg/330px-Epikouros_BM_1843.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Epikouros_BM_1843.jpg/440px-Epikouros_BM_1843.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2533" data-file-height="3800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epikouros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epikouros (laman baluman ada)">Epikouros</a> rancak disambat sabagai urang nang panambaian ma'uraikan sacara taparinci <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masalah_kajahatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masalah kajahatan (laman baluman ada)">masalah kajahatan</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Hume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Hume (laman baluman ada)">David Hume</a> dalam buku sidin <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dialogues_Concerning_Natural_Religion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (laman baluman ada)">Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion</a></i> (1779) mangutip argumen Epikouros dalam bantuk saliritan tatakunan <sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Apa [Tuhan] baniat manampikakan kajahatan, tagal kada kawa? maka apakah inya impoten. Apakah inya kawa, tagal kada baniat? Maka apakah inya bahati culas. Apakah inya kawa wan baniat? maka tumatan manakah kajahatan?"</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Argumen_psikologis,_sosiologis,_dan_ekonomi"><span id="Argumen_psikologis.2C_sosiologis.2C_dan_ekonomi"></span>Argumen psikologis, sosiologis, dan ekonomi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Babak hagian: Argumen psikologis, sosiologis, dan ekonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=11" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Argumen psikologis, sosiologis, dan ekonomi"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bubuhan filsuf nangkaya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Andreas_Feuerbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach (laman baluman ada)">Ludwig Feuerbach</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigmund_Freud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigmund Freud (laman baluman ada)">Sigmund Freud</a> ba'argumen bahua Tuhan dan kaparcayaan ka'agamaan lainnya wastu ciptaan manusia, nang dicipta'akan gasan ma'umpati kahandak dan kaparluan psikologis dan emosi manusia. Hal naini jua merupakan pandangan banyak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddhisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buddhisma (laman baluman ada)">Buddhis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Marx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Marx (laman baluman ada)">Karl Marx</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Engels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Engels (laman baluman ada)">Friedrich Engels</a>, dipangaruhi ulih karya Feuerbach, ba'argumen bahua kaparcayaan lawan Tuhan dan agama adalah pungsi sosial, nang diguna'akan ulih panguasa gasan mahinyik kalas pakarja. Ujar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikhail_Bakunin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikhail Bakunin (laman baluman ada)">Mikhail Bakunin</a>, "pamikiran lawan Tuhan ma'implikasikan turunnya darajat akal manusia dan ka'adilan; inya marupakan negasi kabibasan manusia nang paling nahap, dan saparlunya pacangan ba'akhir di parbudakan umat manusia, dalam teori dan prakteknya." Sidin mambalikakan aforisma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Voltaire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voltaire (laman baluman ada)">Voltaire</a> nang terkenal nang babunyi jika "Tuhan kadada, maka adalah parlu gasan manciptakanNya", lawan cara manulis: "Jika Tuhan bujur-bujur ada, maka adalah parlu gasan mahapusnya."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Argumen_logis_dan_badasar_bukti">Argumen logis dan badasar bukti</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Babak hagian: Argumen logis dan badasar bukti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=12" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Argumen logis dan badasar bukti"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ateisma logis ba'isi posisi bahua bamacam konsep katuhanan, nangkaya tuhan personal dalam kakerestenan, dianggap sacara logis kada konsisten. Bubuhan ateis naini mambari'i argumen deduktif nang manantang kaba'adaan Tuhan, nang batamam-tamam mamadahakan kahadacucukan antara sifat-sifat Tuhan batunggal, pariannya kasampurnaan, status pancipta, kakakalan, kamahakuasaan, kamahatahuan, kamahabalaskasihan, transendensi, kamahaadilan, dan kamahapangampunan Tuhan.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ateis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teodisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teodisi (laman baluman ada)">teodisi</a> parcaya bahua dunia naini kada kawa dicucukkan lawan sifat-sifat nang ta'ulih di Tuhan dan diwa-diwi badimapa nang dibari'i ulih bubuhan teolog. Bubuhannya ba'argumen bahua kamahatahuan, kamahakuasaan, dan kamahabalaskasihan Tuhan kada pang cucuk lawan dunia nang hibak lawan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masalah_kajahatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masalah kajahatan (laman baluman ada)">kajahatan</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marista (laman baluman ada)">marista</a>, dan kasih tuhan/diwa adalah kada kawa dilihat ulih banyak urang.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Argumen nang sama jua dipadahakan ulih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siddhartha_Gautama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siddhartha Gautama (laman baluman ada)">Siddhartha Gautama</a>, pandiri <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agama_Buddha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agama Buddha (laman baluman ada)">Agama Buddha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Argumen_antroposentris">Argumen antroposentris</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Babak hagian: Argumen antroposentris" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=13" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Argumen antroposentris"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ateisma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksiologis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksiologis (laman baluman ada)">aksiologis</a> atawa konstruktif manampikakan kaba'adaan tuhan, dan kabalikannya manarima kaba'adaan "kamutlakan nang talabih tinggi" nangkaya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamanusiaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamanusiaan (laman baluman ada)">kamanusiaan</a>. Ateisma dalam bantuk ini maanggap kamanusiaan sabagai sumbar mutlak etika dan nilai-nilai, dan ma'ijinkan individu gasan ma'untungakan pamasalahan moral tanpa bagantung lawan Tuhan. Marx, Nietzsche, Freud, dan Sartre samunyaannya mangguna'akan argumen naini gasan menyebarkan pasar-pasan kabibasan, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Cbermensch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Übermensch (laman baluman ada)">Übermensch</a>, dan kabahagiaan tanpa kekangan.<sup id="cite_ref-Zdybicka-p20_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zdybicka-p20-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sabuting kritik nang paling umum lawan ateisma adalah bahua manampikakan kaba'adaan Tuhan kainanya mambawa lawan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Relativisma_moral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relativisma moral (laman baluman ada)">relativisma moral</a>, manyababakan sa'ikung urang kada bamoral atawa jua kada ba'isi dasar etika,<sup id="cite_ref-misconceptions_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-misconceptions-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> atawa ma'ulah hidup kada ba'arti dan pina sadih.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blaise_Pascal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blaise Pascal (laman baluman ada)">Blaise Pascal</a> memaparkan argumen naini di tahun 1669.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ateisma praktis kawa ba'ujud: </p> <ul><li>Katiadaan motivasi religius, yakni kaparcayaan lawan tuhan kada mamotivasi tindakan moral, religi, atawa jua bantuk-bantuk tindakan lainnya;</li> <li>Mahaliungakan masalah tuhan dan religi sacara aktif tumatan penelusuran intelek dan tindakan praktis;</li> <li>Pengabaian, yakni ketiadaan ketertarikan napa-napa lawan permasalahan tuhan dan agama; dan</li> <li>Ketidaktahuan lawan konsep tuhan dan dewa.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Babak hagian: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=14" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Demografi"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:Irreligion_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Irreligion_map.png/450px-Irreligion_map.png" decoding="async" width="450" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Irreligion_map.png/675px-Irreligion_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Irreligion_map.png/900px-Irreligion_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="820" /></a><figcaption>Kadar ateisma dan agnostisisma di sabarataan dunia<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Ngalih ai pang ah lamun handak marékén jumbelah ateis di dunia. Bubuhan responden survei kawa mendefinisikan "ateisma" sacara babida-bida atawa jua manarik garis watas nang babida antara <i>ateisma</i>, kaparcayaan non-religius, dan kaparcayaan religius non-teis dan spiritual.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Suwalih naitu, masyarakat di sapalihan balahan dunia anggan melaporkan dirinya sabagai ateis gasan mahaliungi stigma sosial, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskriminasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskriminasi (laman baluman ada)">diskriminasi</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panganiayaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panganiayaan (laman baluman ada)">panganiayaan</a>. Survei tahun 2005 nang dipublikasi dalam <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (laman baluman ada)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> manampaikan bahua galambang non-religius mandapati bangsa 11,9% populasi dunia, dan ateis bangsa 2,3%. Jumlah naini kada tamasuk urang-urang nang mamaluk agama ateistik, nangkaya agama Buddha.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_demographics_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica_demographics-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Survei November-Desember 2006 nang digawi di Amirika Sarikat dan lima nagara Irupa, dan dipublikasi di <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Financial_Times&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Financial Times (laman baluman ada)">Financial Times</a></i> manampaikan bahua urang Amirika (73%) cunday labih parcaya lawan tuhan/diwa atawa makhluk paling tinggi dalam bantuk apa-kah pada urang Irupa. Di antara urang dewasa Irupa nang disurvei, urang Italia adalah nang paling banyak parcaya (62%) dan urang Parancis adalah nang paling sadikit (27%). Di Parancis, 32% mangaku dirinya sabagai ateis, dan 32% lainnya mangaku sabagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnostik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnostik (laman baluman ada)">agnostik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Survei rasmi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uni_Irupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uni Irupa (laman baluman ada)">Uni Irupa</a> mambari hasil-hasil berikut: 18% populasi Uni Eropa kada parcaya lawan tuhan; 27% yakin lawan kaba'adaan babarapa "makhluk halus atawa ruh", manakala 52% percaya lawan tuhan-tuhan batantu. Proporsi urang nang parcaya naik jadi 65% di urang-urang nang pagat sakulah di umur 15; responden survei nang ba'anggapan dirinya ba'asal tumatan latar balakang kulawarga nang pangarasan gin labih cunday parcaya lawan tuhan daripada urang-urang nang marasa dirinya tumbuh di lingkungan tanpa aturan nang karas.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sabuting surat nang dipublikasi di <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nature (laman baluman ada)">Nature</a></i> wayah tahun 1998 malaporkan sabuah survei bahua kaparcayaan lawan tuhan personal atawa jua kahidupan limbahnya mati ada dalam posisi tarandah di antara bubuhan anggota <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akademi_Sains_Nasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akademi Sains Nasional (laman baluman ada)">Akademi Sains Nasional</a> AS, tikas 7,0% haja anggota nang parcaya lawan tuhan personal, ditandingkan lawan talabih matan 85% masyarakat AS sacara umumnya.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wayah tahun nang sama jua, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Sulloway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Sulloway (laman baluman ada)">Frank Sulloway</a> tumatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology (laman baluman ada)">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Shermer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Shermer (laman baluman ada)">Michael Shermer</a> tumatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=California_State_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="California State University (laman baluman ada)">California State University</a> manggawi sabuting kajian nang manamuni bahua di sampel survei bubuhannya nang terdiri tumatan urang dewasa AS nang "diparcayai" (12% Ph.D dan 62% lulusan parguruan tinggi), 64%-nya parcaya lawan Tuhan, dan ta'ulih sabuting <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korelasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korelasi (laman baluman ada)">korelasi</a> nang ma'indikasikan manurunnya tingkat kaparcayaan ba'imbaian lawan maningkatnya tingkat pandidikan.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Korelasi nang babanding tabalik antara kaimanan lawan kapintaran gin sudah tahaba di 39 kajian nang digawi antara tahun 1927 sampai tahun 2002, ujar sabuah artikal dalam <i>Majalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mensa_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mensa International (laman baluman ada)">Mensa</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Panamuan ini sacara luas sasuai lawan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meta-analisis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meta-analisis (laman baluman ada)">meta-analisis</a> statistis tahun 1958 nang digawi ulih Profesor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Argyle_(psychologist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Argyle (psychologist) (laman baluman ada)">Michael Argyle</a> tumatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitas_Oxford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitas Oxford (laman baluman ada)">Universitas Oxford</a>. Sidin ma-analisa tujuh kajian riset nang sudah ma-investigasi korelasi antara sikap kapada agama lawan pangukuran <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inteligensi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inteligensi (laman baluman ada)">inteligensi</a> di palajar-palajar sakulah dan paguruan tinggi AS. Walau korelasi negatif tahaba sacara jalas, analisis naini kada ma'identifikasi sabab musababnya, tapi manilai bahua faktor-faktor nangkaya latar balakang kulawarga nang otoriter dan kalas susial mau ai mamainkan sapalih peran panting.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalam cacah jiwa pamarintah Australia wayah tahun 2006, dalam tatakunan nang manakunakan <i>Apa agama andika?</i> Tumatan sabarataan populasi, 18,7% manconteng tabla (kotak) <i>kada ba'agama</i> atawa jua manulis sabuting respon nang diklasifikasikan sabagai non-religius (humanisma, agnostik, ateis). Tatakunan naini basipat sakarila dan 11,2% kada manjawab tatakunan naini.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam cacah jiwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salandia_Hanyar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salandia Hanyar (laman baluman ada)">Salandia Hanyar</a> 2006 nang manakunakan <i>Apa agama andika?</i>, 34,7% ma'indikasikan kada ba'agama, 12,2% kada marespon atawa jua kada hakun manjawab tatakunan naitu.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ateisma,_agama,_wan_moralitas"><span id="Ateisma.2C_agama.2C_wan_moralitas"></span>Ateisma, agama, wan moralitas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Babak hagian: Ateisma, agama, wan moralitas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=15" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Ateisma, agama, wan moralitas"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:Lightmatter_buddha3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Lightmatter_buddha3.jpg/220px-Lightmatter_buddha3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Lightmatter_buddha3.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Marga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuhan_dalam_agama_Buddha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuhan dalam agama Buddha (laman baluman ada)">katiadaan</a> <a href="/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan">Tuhan</a> pancipta, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agama_Buddha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agama Buddha (laman baluman ada)">Agama Buddha</a> umumnya dideskripsikan sabagai nonteis.</figcaption></figure> <p>Walau urang nang mangaku sabagai ateis karancakannya diasumsikan kada ba'agama, sapalihan sekte agama nang ba'astilah ada jua nang manampikakan kaba'adaan diwa pancipta nang personal.<sup id="cite_ref-winston2_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winston2-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wayah pandudian naini, aliran-aliran kaagamaan nang ba'astilah gin sudah mambari kapingin banyak panganut nang sacara buka-bukaan ateis, nangkaya pariannya Yahudi ateis atawa Yahudi humanis<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan Keresten ateis.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marga artian nang paling kaku ateisma positif kada parlu kaparcayaan spesifik napa-napa diluar kahadaparcayaan lawan diwa/tuhan, ateis kawa ja ba'isi kaparcayaan spiritual napa haja. Gasan alasan nang sama jua, bubuhan ateis kawa bapingkut lawan bamacam kaparcayaan etis, mulai tumatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universalisma_moral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universalisma moral (laman baluman ada)">universalisma moral</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Humanisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humanisma (laman baluman ada)">humanisma</a>, nang bapandangan bahua nilai-nilai moral harus pang diandak sacara konsisten gasan sabarataan manusia, sampai lawan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nihilisma_moral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nihilisma moral (laman baluman ada)">nihilisma moral</a>, nang bapandapat bahua moralitas adalah hal nang kada ba'arti.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Walau inya tadih merupakan kabanaran filosofis, nang sacara handap dipaparkan dalam karya Plato <a href="/wiki/Dilema_Euthyphro" title="Dilema Euthyphro">dilema Euthyphro</a> bahua peran tuhan dalam manantukan nang bujur daripada nang salah adalah kada diparlukan awan jua adalah sewenang-wenang, argumen bahua moralitas harus pang diturunakan tumatan Tuhan dan kada kawa ada tanpa pancipta nang bijak sudah jadi isu-isu nang tatarusan cungul dalam dabat politik.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kant_CPR_A811_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kant_CPR_A811-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Persepsi moral nangkaya "mambunuh adalah salah" dilihat sabagai hukum Tuhan, nang mamarlukan tukang ulah hukum dan hakim. Tagal ha, banyak ateis nang ba'argumen bahua memperlakukan moralitas sacara legalistik adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analogi_salah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analogi salah (laman baluman ada)">analogi salah</a>, dan bahua moralitas kada saparlunya mamarlukan sa'urang pancipta hukum sama halnya hukum naitu sawrang.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Filsuf <a href="/w/index.php?title=Susan_Neiman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susan Neiman (laman baluman ada)">Susan Neiman</a><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Baggini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julian Baggini (laman baluman ada)">Julian Baggini</a><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> batamam-tamam mamadahakan bahua parangai etis nang diulah tikas lantaran mandat Nang Di Atas haja kada pang parangai etis nang sabujurnya, tapi tikas kama'asian picak haja. Baggini ba'argumen bahua ateisma merupakan dasar etika nang talabih superior, dan mangklaim bahua dasar moral di luar susuruhan agama adalah diparlukan gasan ma'evaluasi moralitas susuruhan naitu sawrang. Sabagai cuntuh, susuruhan "andika harus pang mancuntan" adalah amoral bahkan jakanya suatu agama manyuruhakannya, sahingga ateis ba'isi kauntungan gasan talabih kawa manggawi evaluasi nangitu tadi daripada umat ba'agama nang ma'asi'i parintah agamanya sawrang.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Filsuf politik kontemporer Britania Martin Cohen manawari cuntuh historis susuruhan Alkitab nang manyuruhakan panyiksaan dan parbudakan sabagai bukti bahua suruhan-suruhan religius ma'umpati norma-norma sosial dan politik, dan kadanya pang norma-norma sosial dan politik nang ma'umpati susuruhan religius. Tapi sidin jua mancatat bahua kacundaian nang sama tajadi jua pang lawan filsuf-filsuf nang kada mamihak dan objektif.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cohen mamparluas argumen naini nang talabih mandetail di <i>Political Philosophy from Plato to Mao</i> dalam kasus kitab <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Quran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Quran (laman baluman ada)">Al-Quran</a> nang sidin lihat sudah ba'isi peran nang jadi panyasalan dalam mamalihara kode-kode sosial jaman panangahan di tangah-tangah parubahan masarakat sakular.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Walau damintu, bubuhan ateis pariannya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sam_Harris_(panulis)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sam Harris (panulis) (laman baluman ada)">Sam Harris</a> ba'argumen bahua kabargantungan agama Barat lawan otoritas Nang Di Atas bakontribusi lawan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otoritarianisma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otoritarianisma (laman baluman ada)">otoritarianisma</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dogma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dogma (laman baluman ada)">dogmatisma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sabujurnya jua, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fundamentalisma_agama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundamentalisma agama (laman baluman ada)">fundamentalisma agama</a> dan agama ekstrinsik (agama dipaluk marga inya talabih ma'untungakan<sup id="cite_ref-Moreira-almeida2006_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moreira-almeida2006-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) bakorelasi lawan otoritarianisa, dogmatisma, dan prasangka.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Argumen naini, ba'imbaian lawan kajadian-kajadian basajarah nangkaya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perang_Salib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perang Salib (laman baluman ada)">Perang Salib</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inkuisisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inkuisisi (laman baluman ada)">Inkuisisi</a>, dan pahukuman <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sihir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sihir (laman baluman ada)">tukang sihir</a>, rancak digunakan ulih bubuhan ateis nang antiagama gasan mambanarkan pandangan bubuhannya.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <center><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:Bezbozhnik_u_stanka_22-1929.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bezbozhnik_u_stanka_22-1929.jpg/86px-Bezbozhnik_u_stanka_22-1929.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bezbozhnik_u_stanka_22-1929.jpg/128px-Bezbozhnik_u_stanka_22-1929.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bezbozhnik_u_stanka_22-1929.jpg/171px-Bezbozhnik_u_stanka_22-1929.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2688" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Barakas:Descent_of_the_Modernists,_E._J._Pace,_Christian_Cartoons,_1922.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Descent_of_the_Modernists%2C_E._J._Pace%2C_Christian_Cartoons%2C_1922.jpg/120px-Descent_of_the_Modernists%2C_E._J._Pace%2C_Christian_Cartoons%2C_1922.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Descent_of_the_Modernists%2C_E._J._Pace%2C_Christian_Cartoons%2C_1922.jpg/180px-Descent_of_the_Modernists%2C_E._J._Pace%2C_Christian_Cartoons%2C_1922.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Descent_of_the_Modernists%2C_E._J._Pace%2C_Christian_Cartoons%2C_1922.jpg/240px-Descent_of_the_Modernists%2C_E._J._Pace%2C_Christian_Cartoons%2C_1922.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul></center> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Babak hagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>babak</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ateisma&action=edit&section=16" title="Babak kode sumber bagian: Rujukan"><span>babak asal-mulanya</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_L._Rowe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William L. Rowe (laman baluman ada)">Rowe, William L.</a>(1998). "Atheism".<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (laman baluman ada)">Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i>.Ed. Edward Craig.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.aufirst=William+L.&rft.aulast=Rowe&rft.contributor=Edward+Craig&rft.title=Atheism&rft.source=%5B%5BRoutledge+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy%5D%5D&rft.date=1998"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kai_Nielsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kai Nielsen (laman baluman ada)">Nielsen, Kai</a>(2009). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/40634/atheism">Atheism</a>".<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (laman baluman ada)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>.Diakses pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=2007-04-28&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2007-04-28 (laman baluman ada)">2007-04-28</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.aufirst=Kai&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.title=Atheism&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F40634%2Fatheism&rft.source=%5B%5BEncyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%5D%5D&rft.date=2009"> </span> "Atheism, in general, the critique and denial of metaphysical beliefs in God or spiritual beings.... a more adequate characterization of atheism consists in the more complex claim that to be an atheist is to be someone who rejects belief in God for [reasons that depend] on how God is being conceived."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Edwards_(philosopher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Edwards (philosopher) (laman baluman ada)">Edwards, Paul</a>(1967). "Atheism".<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia of Philosophy (laman baluman ada)">The Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i><b>Vol. 1</b>.Collier-MacMillan. “On our definition, an 'atheist' is a person who rejects belief in God, regardless of whether or not his reason for the rejection is the claim that 'God exists' expresses a false proposition. People frequently adopt an attitude of rejection toward a position for reasons other than that it is a false proposition. It is common among contemporary philosophers, and indeed it was not uncommon in earlier centuries, to reject positions on the ground that they are meaningless. Sometimes, too, a theory is rejected on such grounds as that it is sterile or redundant or capricious, and there are many other considerations which in certain contexts are generally agreed to constitute good grounds for rejecting an assertion.”</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.title=Atheism&rft.source=%5B%5BEncyclopedia+of+Philosophy%7CThe+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy%5D%5D&rft.volume=Vol.+1&rft.publisher=Collier-MacMillan&rft.date=1967"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Artikal handap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Religioustolerance.org&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religioustolerance.org (laman baluman ada)">religioustolerance.org</a> di <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religioustolerance.org/atheist4.htm">Definitions of the term "Atheism"</a> mamadahakan bahua kadada konsénsus lawan katantuan istilah atéisma. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Blackburn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Blackburn (laman baluman ada)">Simon Blackburn</a> dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy (laman baluman ada)">The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy</a>: "<i>Atheism. Either the lack of belief in a god, or the belief that there is none</i>".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagobert_D._Runes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dagobert D. Runes (laman baluman ada)">Runes, Dagobert D.(editor)</a> (1942 edition). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ditext.com/runes/a.html"><i>Dictionary of Philosophy</i></a>. New Jersey: Littlefield, Adams & Co. Philosophical Library. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0064634612" title="Istimiwa:Sumbar buku/0064634612">0064634612</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2010-02-01</span></span>. <q>(a) the belief that there is no God; (b) Some philosophers have been called "atheistic" because they have not held to a belief in a personal God. Atheism in this sense means "not theistic". The former meaning of the term is a literal rendering. The latter meaning is a less rigorous use of the term though widely current in the history of thought</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Philosophy&rft.place=New+Jersey&rft.pub=Littlefield%2C+Adams+%26+Co.+Philosophical+Library&rft.isbn=0064634612&rft.aulast=Runes&rft.aufirst=Dagobert+D.%28editor%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ditext.com%2Frunes%2Fa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|year=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Tumbung:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan:_authors_list" title="Tumbung:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica_demographics-6"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_demographics_6-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_demographics_6-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9432620">"Worldwide Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-2005"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-04-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Worldwide+Adherents+of+All+Religions+by+Six+Continental+Areas%2C+Mid-2005&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.eb.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9432620&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <ul><li>2.3% Atheists: Persons professing atheism, skepticism, disbelief, or irreligion, including the militantly antireligious (opposed to all religion).</li> <li>11.9% Nonreligious: Persons professing no religion, nonbelievers, agnostics, freethinkers, uninterested, or dereligionized secularists indifferent to all religion but not militantly so.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Zuckerman-7"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Zuckerman_7-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zuckerman_7-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Zuckerman, Phil. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adherents.com/largecom/com_atheist.html">"Atheism: Contemporary Rates and Patterns"</a>, <i>The Cambridge Companion to Atheism</i>, ed. by Michael Martin, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cline-buddhism-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cline-buddhism_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Cline, Austin (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atheism.about.com/b/a/220595.htm">"Buddhism and Atheism"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=About.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="About.com (laman baluman ada)">about.com</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Buddhism+and+Atheism&rft.pub=about.com&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatheism.about.com%2Fb%2Fa%2F220595.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.samaggi-phala.or.id/naskahdamma_dtl.php?id=1003&multi=T&hal=0">"Caramah Bhikkhu Uttamo - Katuhanan dalam agama Buddha"</a>. Samaggi Phala<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2010-08-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Caramah+Bhikkhu+Uttamo+-+Katuhanan+dalam+agama+Buddha&rft.pub=Samaggi+Phala&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.samaggi-phala.or.id%2Fnaskahdamma_dtl.php%3Fid%3D1003%26multi%3DT%26hal%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Kedar, Nath Tiwari (1997). <i>Comparative Religion</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motilal_Banarsidass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motilal Banarsidass (laman baluman ada)">Motilal Banarsidass</a>. hlm. hal. 50. <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/8120802934" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 81-208-0293-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comparative+Religion&rft.pages=hal.+50&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Kedar&rft.aufirst=Nath+Tiwari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Honderich, Ted (Ed.) (1995). "Humanism". <i>The Oxford Companion to Philosophy</i>. Oxford University Press. p 376. <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0198661320" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-866132-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Fales, Evan. "Naturalism and Physicalism", in <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFMartin2007">Martin 2007</a>, hal. 122–131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFBaggini2003">Baggini 2003</a>, hal. 3–4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-drachmann-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-drachmann_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Drachmann, A. B. (1977 ("sabuah citakan ba'asa nang kada ba'ubah matan versi tahun 1922")). <i>Atheism in Pagan Antiquity</i>. Chicago: Ares Publishers. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0-89005-201-8" title="Istimiwa:Sumbar buku/0-89005-201-8">0-89005-201-8</a>. <q>Atheism and atheist are words formed from Greek roots and with Greek derivative endings. Nevertheless they are not Greek; their formation is not consonant with Greek usage. In Greek they said <i><span title="grc transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">atheos</span></i> and <i><span title="grc transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">atheotēs</span></i>; to these the English words ungodly and ungodliness correspond rather closely. In exactly the same way as ungodly, <i><span title="grc transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">atheos</span></i> was used as an expression of severe censure and moral condemnation; this use is an old one, and the oldest that can be traced. Not till later do we find it employed to denote a certain philosophical creed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atheism+in+Pagan+Antiquity&rft.pub=Chicago%3A+Ares+Publishers&rft.isbn=0-89005-201-8&rft.aulast=Drachmann&rft.aufirst=A.+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|year=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adevism-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-adevism_15-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">In part because of its wide use in monotheistic Western society, <i>atheism</i> is usually described as "disbelief in God", rather than more generally as "disbelief in deities". A clear distinction is rarely drawn in modern writings between these two definitions, but some archaic uses of <i>atheism</i> encompassed only disbelief in the singular God, not in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polytheism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polytheism (laman baluman ada)">polytheistic</a> deities. It is on this basis that the obsolete term <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adevism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adevism (laman baluman ada)">adevism</a></i> was coined in the late 19th century to describe an absence of belief in plural deities. <cite class="citation journal">Britannica (1911). "Atheonism". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (laman baluman ada)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (edisi ke-11th Edition).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Atheonism&rft.date=1911&rft.au=Britannica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan (<a href="/wiki/Tumbung:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan" title="Tumbung:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-martin-16"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-martin_16-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-martin_16-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-martin_16-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-martin_16-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Martin, Michael. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0521842700">The Cambridge Companion to Atheism</a></i>. Cambridge University Press. 2006. <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0521842700" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-84270-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Cline, Austin (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atheism.about.com/od/definitionofatheism/a/definition.htm">"What Is the Definition of Atheism?"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=About.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="About.com (laman baluman ada)">about.com</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Is+the+Definition+of+Atheism%3F&rft.pub=about.com&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatheism.about.com%2Fod%2Fdefinitionofatheism%2Fa%2Fdefinition.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antony_Flew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antony Flew (laman baluman ada)">Flew, Antony</a> (1984). <i>God, Freedom, and Immortality: A Critical Analysis</i>. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0-87975-127-4" title="Istimiwa:Sumbar buku/0-87975-127-4">0-87975-127-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God%2C+Freedom%2C+and+Immortality%3A+A+Critical+Analysis&rft.pub=Buffalo%2C+NY%3A+Prometheus&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-87975-127-4&rft.aulast=Flew&rft.aufirst=Antony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eb911-atheism-19"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eb911-atheism_19-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Atheism">"<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Atheism<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. 1911<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 Juni</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=%22Atheism%22&rft.date=1911&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1911encyclopedia.org%2FAtheism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mmartin-20"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mmartin_20-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Martin, Michael. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0521842700">The Cambridge Companion to Atheism</a></i>. Cambridge University Press. 2006. <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0521842700" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-84270-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica1992-21"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Britannica1992_21-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Britannica (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-38265/atheism">"Atheism as rejection of religious beliefs"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (laman baluman ada)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (edisi ke-15th Edition). <b>1</b>: 666. 0852294735<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Atheism+as+rejection+of+religious+beliefs&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=666&rft.date=1992&rft.au=Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-38265%2Fatheism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan (<a href="/wiki/Tumbung:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan" title="Tumbung:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baron_d%27Holbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baron d'Holbach (laman baluman ada)">d'Holbach, P. H. T.</a> (1772). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/7319"><i>Good Sense</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 Oktober</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Good+Sense&rft.date=1772&rft.aulast=d%27Holbach&rft.aufirst=P.+H.+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Fetext%2F7319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFSmith1979">Smith 1979</a>, hal. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Cudworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Cudworth (laman baluman ada)">Cudworth, Ralph</a> (1678). <i>The True Intellectual System of the Universe: the first part, wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted and its impossibility demonstrated</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+True+Intellectual+System+of+the+Universe%3A+the+first+part%2C+wherein+all+the+reason+and+philosophy+of+atheism+is+confuted+and+its+impossibility+demonstrated&rft.date=1678&rft.aulast=Cudworth&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Lihat : <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lds-mormon.com/atheist.shtml">"Atheists call for church head to retract slur"</a>. 1996-09-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2008-07-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atheists+call+for+church+head+to+retract+slur&rft.date=1996-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lds-mormon.com%2Fatheist.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Lowder, Jeffery Jay (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infidels.org/library/modern/jeff_lowder/society.html">"Atheism and Society"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">10 Januari</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atheism+and+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Lowder&rft.aufirst=Jeffery+Jay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infidels.org%2Flibrary%2Fmodern%2Fjeff_lowder%2Fsociety.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-presumption-27"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-presumption_27-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-presumption_27-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Flew, Antony. "The Presumption of Atheism". <i>The Presumption of Atheism and other Philosophical Essays on God, Freedom, and Immortality</i>. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1976. pp 14ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RoweRoutledge-28"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RoweRoutledge_28-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Rowe, William L. "Atheism". <i>Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>. Edward Craig (editor). Routledge: Juni 1998. <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0415187060" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-415-18706-0</a>. 530-534.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Cline, Austin (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atheism.about.com/od/atheismquestions/a/strong_weak.htm">"Strong Atheism vs. Weak Atheism: What's the Difference?"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=About.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="About.com (laman baluman ada)">about.com</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strong+Atheism+vs.+Weak+Atheism%3A+What%27s+the+Difference%3F&rft.pub=about.com&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatheism.about.com%2Fod%2Fatheismquestions%2Fa%2Fstrong_weak.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Maritain, Jacques (1949). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nd.edu/Departments/Maritain/jm3303.htm">"On the Meaning of Contemporary Atheism"</a>. <i>The Review of Politics</i>. <b>11</b> (3): 267–280.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Review+of+Politics&rft.atitle=On+the+Meaning+of+Contemporary+Atheism&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=267-280&rft.date=1949&rft.aulast=Maritain&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nd.edu%2FDepartments%2FMaritain%2Fjm3303.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Kenny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthony Kenny (laman baluman ada)">Kenny, Anthony</a> (2006). "Why I Am Not an Atheist". <i>What I believe</i>. Continuum. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0-8264-8971-0" title="Istimiwa:Sumbar buku/0-8264-8971-0">0-8264-8971-0</a>. <q>The true default position is neither theism nor atheism, but agnosticism … a claim to knowledge needs to be substantiated; ignorance need only be confessed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Why+I+Am+Not+an+Atheist&rft.btitle=What+I+believe&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-8264-8971-0&rft.aulast=Kenny&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFBaggini2003">Baggini 2003</a>, hal. 30–34. "Who seriously claims we should say 'I neither believe nor disbelieve that the Pope is a robot', or 'As to whether or not eating this piece of chocolate will turn me into an elephant I am completely agnostic'. In the absence of any good reasons to believe these outlandish claims, we rightly disbelieve them, we don't just suspend judgement."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFBaggini2003">Baggini 2003</a>, hal. 22. "A lack of proof is no grounds for the suspension of belief. This is because when we have a lack of absolute proof we can still have overwhelming evidence or one explanation which is far superior to the alternatives."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stanford-34"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stanford_34-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Smart, J.C.C. (2004-03-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/atheism-agnosticism/">"Atheism and Agnosticism"</a>. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-04-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atheism+and+Agnosticism&rft.pub=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.date=2004-03-09&rft.aulast=Smart&rft.aufirst=J.C.C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Fatheism-agnosticism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Cudworth, Ralph. The true intellectual system of the universe. 1678. Dawkins, Richard. The God Delusion. Bantam Books: 2006, hal. 50. (<a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0618680004" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-618-68000-4</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Terjamahan matan teks babahasa Latin matan "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emblems.arts.gla.ac.uk/french/emblem.php?id=FANa100">Summa impietas</a>" (1552), <i>Picta poesis</i>, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barth%C3%A9lemy_Aneau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barthélemy Aneau (laman baluman ada)">Barthélemy Aneau</a>. Glasgow University Emblem Website. Diakses wayah <a href="/w/index.php?title=26_Maret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="26 Maret (laman baluman ada)">26 Maret</a> <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zdybicka-p20-37"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Zdybicka-p20_37-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zdybicka-p20_37-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zdybicka-p20_37-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFZdybicka2005">Zdybicka 2005</a>, hal. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-neps-38"><b><a href="#cite_ref-neps_38-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Schafersman, Steven D. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freeinquiry.com/naturalism.html">Naturalism is an Essential Part of Science and Critical Inquiry</a>". Conference on Naturalism, Theism and the Scientific Enterprise. Department of Philosophy, The University of Texas. February 1997. Revised May 2007. Diakses wayah <a href="/wiki/9_April" title="9 April">9 April</a> <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFZdybicka2005">Zdybicka 2005</a>, hal. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">David Hume. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/4583"><i>Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion</i></a>. Project Gutenberg (e-text).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dialogues+Concerning+Natural+Religion&rft.pub=Project+Gutenberg+%28e-text%29&rft.au=David+Hume&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Fetext%2F4583&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Feuerbach, Ludwig (1841) <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Essence_of_Christianity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Essence of Christianity (laman baluman ada)">The Essence of Christianity</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Walpola Rahula, <i>What the Buddha Taught.</i> Grove Press, 1974. Halaman 51–52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Bakunin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Bakunin (laman baluman ada)">Bakunin, Michael</a> (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/anarchist_archives/bakunin/godandstate/godandstate_ch1.html">"God and the State"</a>. New York: Mother Earth Publishing Association<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-04-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=God+and+the+State&rft.pub=New+York%3A+Mother+Earth+Publishing+Association&rft.date=1916&rft.aulast=Bakunin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdwardmac.pitzer.edu%2Fanarchist_archives%2Fbakunin%2Fgodandstate%2Fgodandstate_ch1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Various authors. "Logical Arguments for Atheism". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Infidels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Infidels (laman baluman ada)">Internet Infidels</a>, <i>The Secular Web Library</i>. Diakses pada <a href="/wiki/9_April" title="9 April">9 April</a> <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodore_Drange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodore Drange (laman baluman ada)">Drange, Theodore M.</a> (1996). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infidels.org/library/modern/theodore_drange/aeanb.html">The Arguments From Evil and Nonbelief</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Infidels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Infidels (laman baluman ada)">Internet Infidels</a>, <i>Secular Web Library</i>. Diakses di wayah <a href="/wiki/18_April" title="18 April">18 April</a> <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">V.A. Gunasekara, <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080102053643/http://www.buddhistinformation.com/buddhist_attitude_to_god.htm">"The Buddhist Attitude to God"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhistinformation.com/buddhist_attitude_to_god.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-01-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Buddhist+Attitude+to+God.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhistinformation.com%2Fbuddhist_attitude_to_god.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> In the Bhuridatta Jataka, "The Buddha argues that the three most commonly given attributes of God, viz. omnipotence, omniscience and benevolence towards humanity cannot all be mutually compatible with the existential fact of dukkha."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-misconceptions-47"><b><a href="#cite_ref-misconceptions_47-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Gleeson, David (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.is/GJ9U">"Common Misconceptions About Atheists and Atheism"</a>. <i>American Chronicle</i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/viewArticle.asp?articleID=12346">versi asli</a> tanggal 2012-12-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Common+Misconceptions+About+Atheists+and+Atheism&rft.pub=%27%27American+Chronicle%27%27&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Gleeson&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanchronicle.com%2Farticles%2FviewArticle.asp%3FarticleID%3D12346&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFSmith1979">Smith 1979</a>, hal. 275. "Perhaps the most common criticism of atheism is the claim that it leads inevitably to moral bankruptcy."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blaise_Pascal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blaise Pascal (laman baluman ada)">Pascal, Blaise</a> (1669). <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pens%C3%A9es&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensées (laman baluman ada)">Pensées</a></i>, II: "The Misery of Man Without God".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFZdybicka2005">Zdybicka 2005</a>, hal. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/~honkawa/9460.html">Dentsu Institute (2006)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adherents.com/largecom/com_atheist.html">Zuckerman (2005)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html#Nonreligious">"Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents, Section on accuracy of non-Religious Demographic Data"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2008-03-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Major+Religions+of+the+World+Ranked+by+Number+of+Adherents%2C+Section+on+accuracy+of+non-Religious+Demographic+Data&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adherents.com%2FReligions_By_Adherents.html%23Nonreligious&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.harrisinteractive.com/news/allnewsbydate.asp?NewsID=1131">"Religious Views and Beliefs Vary Greatly by Country, According to the Latest Financial Times/Harris Poll"</a>. Financial Times/Harris Interactive. <a href="/w/index.php?title=2006-12-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006-12-20 (laman baluman ada)">2006-12-20</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Religious+Views+and+Beliefs+Vary+Greatly+by+Country%2C+According+to+the+Latest+Financial+Times%2FHarris+Poll&rft.pub=Financial+Times%2FHarris+Interactive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.harrisinteractive.com%2Fnews%2Fallnewsbydate.asp%3FNewsID%3D1131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_225_report_en.pdf"><i>Social values, Science and Technology</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Directorate General Research, European Union. 2005. hlm. hal. 7–11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Social+values%2C+Science+and+Technology&rft.pages=hal.+7-11&rft.pub=Directorate+General+Research%2C+European+Union&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fpublic_opinion%2Farchives%2Febs%2Febs_225_report_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Larson, Edward J. (1998). "Correspondence: Leading scientists still reject God". <i>Nature</i>. <b>394</b> (6691): 313. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (laman baluman ada)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F28478">10.1038/28478</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Correspondence%3A+Leading+scientists+still+reject+God&rft.volume=394&rft.issue=6691&rft.pages=313&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F28478&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=Edward+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span> Available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stephenjaygould.org/ctrl/news/file002.html">StephenJayGould.org</a>, Stephen Jay Gould archive. Diakses pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=17_Desember&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="17 Desember (laman baluman ada)">17 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Shermer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Shermer (laman baluman ada)">Shermer, Michael</a> (1999). <i>How We Believe: Science, Skepticism, and the Search for God</i>. New York: William H Freeman. hlm. pp76–79. <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/071673561X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7167-3561-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+We+Believe%3A+Science%2C+Skepticism%2C+and+the+Search+for+God&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=pp76-79&rft.pub=William+H+Freeman&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Shermer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan (<a href="/wiki/Tumbung:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan" title="Tumbung:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Menurut Dawkins (2006), hal. 103. Dawkins mengutip pernyataan Bell, Paul. "Would you believe it?" <i>Mensa Magazine</i>, UK Edition, Feb. 2002, hal. 12–13. Analyzing 43 studies carried out since 1927, Bell found that all but four reported such a connection, and he concluded that "the higher one's intelligence or education level, the less one is likely to be religious or hold 'beliefs' of any kind."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Argyle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Argyle (laman baluman ada)">Argyle, Michael</a> (1958). <i>Religious Behaviour</i>. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. hlm. pp 93–96. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0-415-17589-5" title="Istimiwa:Sumbar buku/0-415-17589-5">0-415-17589-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religious+Behaviour&rft.place=London&rft.pages=pp+93-96&rft.pub=Routledge+and+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1958&rft.isbn=0-415-17589-5&rft.aulast=Argyle&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan (<a href="/wiki/Tumbung:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan" title="Tumbung:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/TopicList?prenavtabname=Topic%20List&collection=Census&period=2006&breadcrumb=T&&navmapdisplayed=true&textversion=false&">Census Table 20680-Religious Affiliation (broad groups) by Sex - Australia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Statistics New Zealand, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-culture-identity/quickstats-about-culture-and-identity.htm?page=para012Master">QuickStats About Culture and Identity, Religious affiliation</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-winston2-62"><b><a href="#cite_ref-winston2_62-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Winston, Robert (Ed.) (2004). <i>Human</i>. New York: DK Publishing, Inc. hlm. hal. 299. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimiwa:Sumbar_buku/0-7566-1901-7" title="Istimiwa:Sumbar buku/0-7566-1901-7">0-7566-1901-7</a>. <q>Nonbelief has existed for centuries. For example, Buddhism and Jainism have been called atheistic religions because they do not advocate belief in gods.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Human&rft.pages=hal.+299&rft.pub=New+York%3A+DK+Publishing%2C+Inc&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7566-1901-7&rft.aulast=Winston&rft.aufirst=Robert+%28Ed.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Tumbung:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan:_authors_list" title="Tumbung:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/judaism/subdivisions/humanistic.shtml">"Humanistic Judaism"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC (laman baluman ada)">BBC</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=2006-07-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006-07-20 (laman baluman ada)">2006-07-20</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Humanistic+Judaism&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fjudaism%2Fsubdivisions%2Fhumanistic.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Levin, S. (1995). "Jewish Atheism". <i>New Humanist</i>. <b>110</b> (2): 13–15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Humanist&rft.atitle=Jewish+Atheism&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=13-15&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/atheism/types/christianatheism.shtml">"Christian Atheism"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC (laman baluman ada)">BBC</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=2006-05-17&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006-05-17 (laman baluman ada)">2006-05-17</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Christian+Atheism&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fatheism%2Ftypes%2Fchristianatheism.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._J._Altizer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas J. J. Altizer (laman baluman ada)">Altizer, Thomas J. J.</a> (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=523"><i>The Gospel of Christian Atheism</i></a>. London: Collins. hlm. 102–103<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gospel+of+Christian+Atheism&rft.pages=102-103&rft.pub=London%3A+Collins&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Altizer&rft.aufirst=Thomas+J.+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.religion-online.org%2Fshowbook.asp%3Ftitle%3D523&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Lyas, Colin (1970). "On the Coherence of Christian Atheism". <i>Philosophy: the Journal of the Royal Institute of Philosophy</i>. <b>45</b> (171): 1–19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophy%3A+the+Journal+of+the+Royal+Institute+of+Philosophy&rft.atitle=On+the+Coherence+of+Christian+Atheism&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=171&rft.pages=1-19&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Lyas&rft.aufirst=Colin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFSmith1979">Smith 1979</a>, hal. 21-22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFSmith1979">Smith 1979</a>, hal. 275. "Among the many myths associated with religion, none is more widespread -or more disastrous in its effects -than the myth that moral values cannot be divorced from the belief in a god."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dostoevsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dostoevsky (laman baluman ada)">Dostoevsky</a>'s <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Brothers_Karamazov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Brothers Karamazov (laman baluman ada)">The Brothers Karamazov</a></i> (Book Eleven: <i>Brother Ivan Fyodorovich</i>, Chapter 4) there is the famous argument that <i>If there is no God, all things are permitted.</i>: "'But what will become of men then?' I asked him, 'without God and immortal life? All things are lawful then, they can do what they like?'"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kant_CPR_A811-71"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kant_CPR_A811_71-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> For <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kant (laman baluman ada)">Kant</a>, the presupposition of God, soul, and freedom was a practical concern, for "Morality, by itself, constitutes a system, but happiness does not, unless it is distributed in exact proportion to morality. This, however, is possible in an intelligible world only under a wise author and ruler. Reason compels us to admit such a ruler, together with life in such a world, which we must consider as future life, or else all moral laws are to be considered as idle dreams..." (<i>Critique of Pure Reason</i>, A811).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFBaggini2003">Baggini 2003</a>, hal. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Cite_video&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Cite video (laman baluman ada)">Citakan:Cite video</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFBaggini2003">Baggini 2003</a>, hal. 40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#CITEREFBaggini2003">Baggini 2003</a>, hal. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> 101 Ethical Dilemmas, 2nd edition, by Cohen, M., Routledge 2007, pp184-5. (Cohen notes particularly that Plato and Aristotle produced arguments in favour of slavery.) </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Political Philosophy from Plato to Mao, by Cohen, M, Second edition 2008 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sam_Harris_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sam Harris (author) (laman baluman ada)">Harris, Sam</a> (2006a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.secularhumanism.org/index.php?section=library&page=sharris_26_3">"The Myth of Secular Moral Chaos"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Inquiry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Inquiry (laman baluman ada)">Free Inquiry</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Myth+of+Secular+Moral+Chaos&rft.pub=Free+Inquiry&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.secularhumanism.org%2Findex.php%3Fsection%3Dlibrary%26page%3Dsharris_26_3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moreira-almeida2006-79"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Moreira-almeida2006_79-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Moreira-almeida, A. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1516-44462006000300018&script=sci_arttext">"Religiousness and mental health: a review"</a>. <i>Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria</i>. <b>28</b>: 242–250<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+Brasileira+de+Psiquiatria&rft.atitle=Religiousness+and+mental+health%3A+a+review&rft.volume=28&rft.pages=242-250&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Moreira-almeida%2C+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.br%2Fscielo.php%3Fpid%3DS1516-44462006000300018%26script%3Dsci_arttext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patulung:Galat_CS1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patulung:Galat CS1 (laman baluman ada)">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">See for example: Kahoe, R.D. (June 1977). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-8294(197706)16%3A2%3C179%3AIRAAAD%3E2.0.CO%3B2-X">Intrinsic Religion and Authoritarianism: A Differentiated Relationship</a>". <i>Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion</i>. <b>16</b>(2). hal. 179-182. Also see: Altemeyer, Bob and Bruce Hunsberger (1992). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leaonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327582ijpr0202_5?journalCode=ijpr">Authoritarianism, Religious Fundamentalism, Quest, and Prejudice</a>". <i>International Journal for the Psychology of Religion</i>. <b>2</b>(2). hal. 113-133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sam_Harris_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sam Harris (author) (laman baluman ada)">Harris, Sam</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.truthdig.com/dig/print/200512_an_atheist_manifesto">"An Atheist Manifesto"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Truthdig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Truthdig (laman baluman ada)">Truthdig</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-10-29</span></span>. <q>In a world riven by ignorance, only the atheist refuses to deny the obvious: Religious faith promotes human violence to an astonishing degree.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Atheist+Manifesto&rft.pub=Truthdig&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.truthdig.com%2Fdig%2Fprint%2F200512_an_atheist_manifesto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbjn.wikipedia.org%3AAteisma" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gagasan_Téologi" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r72239">.mw-parser-output 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