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suppressive therapy</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: hormone suppressive therapy"> <meta name="keywords" content="hormone suppressive therapy"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="hormone suppressive therapy"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2209</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: hormone suppressive therapy</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2209</span> The Impact of Hormone Suppressive Therapy on Quality of Life of Patients with Nodular Goiter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emil%20Iskandarov">Emil Iskandarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazrin%20Agayeva"> Nazrin Agayeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The effectiveness of hormone suppressive therapy (HST) in patients with nodular goiter (NG) is controversial. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of long-time HST on the Quality of Life (QoL) of patients with NG. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 146 patients with NG showed treated with HST showed that in 38,4% of cases, HST was not effective. Nodules were increased in size and moreover, and new nodules were developed. Statistical procedure identified the predictors of resistant nodules: only one nodule in the left lobe; nodule size >17mm; calcinate within the nodule. 174 patients with NG, by whom predictors of resistant nodules were established, were informed about the results of previous research and surgery was suggested. Eighty-eight patients (the basic group) agreed with surgery and thyroidectomy was led. 86 patients (control group) ignored the suggestion and wished to receive HST. 3, 6 and 12 months after starting HST; control group patients were examined. HST was non-effective and patients, due to developing symptoms, were operated on. Patients in both groups were followed up 3, 6 and 12 months after thyroidectomy. Quality of Life was checked with the SF-36 survey form and compared between groups. The statistical analysis was performed with the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test and with the Student t-test. P values ＜0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results and Discussions: QoL of patients in the basic and control groups 3 months after surgery was almost the same. However, Emotional problems severely interfered with patients in a control group with normal social activities with family, friends, and neighbors. The causes were related to the non-effective HST treatment before surgery: stress for forgetting to take drugs timely every day for a long time; blood tests for thyroid hormone level; needle biopsies of nodules for cancer screening and regular ultrasound investigations, which showed that nodules not diminished in size. Changing the treatment method after 1-year non-effective HST and delayed surgery negatively impacted patient's QoL. Social role functioning and mental health in the control group were also impaired and the difference between the results in the basic group was statistically significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: Predictors, such as only one nodule, the width of nodules more than 17mm, and the existence of calcinate within the nodule, are able to forecast the resistant nodules. HST in patients with resistant nodules is non-effective and surgery is suggested in patients with resistant nodules in the thyroid gland. Long time HST has a negative impact on the QoL patient after surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20gland" title="thyroid gland">thyroid gland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nodule" title=" nodule"> nodule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20suppressive%20therapy" title=" hormone suppressive therapy"> hormone suppressive therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151375/the-impact-of-hormone-suppressive-therapy-on-quality-of-life-of-patients-with-nodular-goiter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2208</span> Treatment of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Metastasis to the Sternum: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geliashvili%20T.%20M.">Geliashvili T. M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tyulyandina%20A.%20S."> Tyulyandina A. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valiev%20A.%20K."> Valiev A. K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kononets%20P.%20V."> Kononets P. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kharatishvili%20T.%20K."> Kharatishvili T. K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salkov%20A.%20G."> Salkov A. G.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pronin%20A.%20I."> Pronin A. I.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadzhieva%20E.%20H."> Gadzhieva E. H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parnas%20A.%20V."> Parnas A. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilyakov%20V.%20S."> Ilyakov V. S.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim/Introduction: Metastasis (Mts) to the sternum, while extremely rare in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) (1), requires a personalized, multidisciplinary treatment approach. In aggressively growing Mts to the sternum, which rapidly become unresectable, a comprehensive therapeutic and diagnostic approach is particularly important. Materials and methods: We present a clinical case of solitary Mts to the sternum as first manifestation of a papillary thyroid microcarcinoma in a 55-year-old man. Results: 18F-FDG PET/CT after thyroidectomy confirmed the solitary Mts to the sternum with extremely high FDG uptake (SUVmax=71,1), which predicted its radioiodine-refractory (RIR). Due to close attachment to the mediastinum and rapid growth, Mts was considered unresectable. During the next three months, the patient received targeted therapy with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) Lenvatinib 24 mg per day. 1st course of radioiodine therapy (RIT) 6 GBq was also performed, the results of which confirmed the RIR of the tumor process. As a result of systemic therapy (targeted therapy combined with RIT and suppressive hormone therapy with L-thyroxine), there was a significant biochemical response (decrease of serum thyroglobulin level from 50,000 ng/ml to 550 ng/ml) and a partial response with decrease of tumor size (from 80x69x123 mm to 65x50x112 mm) and decrease of FDG accumulation (SUVmax from 71.1 to 63). All of this made possible to perform surgical treatment of Mts - sternal extirpation with its replacement by an individual titanium implant. At the control examination, the stimulated thyroglobulin level was only 134 ng/ml, and PET/CT revealed postoperative areas of 18F-FDG metabolism in the removed sternal Mts. Also, 18F-FDG PET/CT in the early (metabolic) stage revealed two new bone Mts (in the area of L3 SUVmax=17,32 and right iliac bone SUVmax=13,73), which, as well as the removed sternal Mts, appeared to be RIRs at the 2nd course of RIT 6 GBq. Subsequently, on 02.2022, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) was performed on the newly identified oligometastatic bone foci. At present, the patient is under dynamic monitoring and in the process of suppressive hormone therapy with L-thyroxine. Conclusion: Thus, only due to the early prescription of targeted TKI therapy was it possible to perform surgical resection of Mts to the sternum, thereby improve the patient's quality of life and preserve the possibility of radical treatment in case of oligometastatic disease progression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiated%20thyroid%20cancer" title="differentiated thyroid cancer">differentiated thyroid cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastasis%20to%20the%20sternum" title=" metastasis to the sternum"> metastasis to the sternum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioiodine%20therapy" title=" radioiodine therapy"> radioiodine therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioiodine-refractory%20cancer" title=" radioiodine-refractory cancer"> radioiodine-refractory cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=targeted%20therapy" title=" targeted therapy"> targeted therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lenvatinib" title=" lenvatinib"> lenvatinib</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148737/treatment-of-papillary-thyroid-carcinoma-metastasis-to-the-sternum-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2207</span> Rhizosphere Microbiome Involvement in the Natural Suppression of Soybean Cyst Nematode in Disease Suppressive Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Imran%20Hamid">M. Imran Hamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muzammil%20Hussain"> Muzammil Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunpeng%20Wu"> Yunpeng Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meichun%20Xiang"> Meichun Xiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xingzhong%20Liu"> Xingzhong Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rhizosphere microbiome elucidate multiple functioning in the soil suppressiveness against plant pathogens. Soybean rhizosphere microbial communities may involve in the natural suppression of soybean cyst nematode (SCN) populations in disease suppressive soils. To explore these ecological mechanisms of microbes, a long term monoculture suppressive soil were taken into account for further investigation to test the disease suppressive ability by using different treatments. The designed treatments are as, i) suppressive soil (S), ii) conducive soil (C), iii) conducive soil mixed with 10% (w/w) suppressive soil (CS), iv) suppressive soil treated at 80°C for 1 hr (S80), and v) suppressive soil treated with formalin (SF). By using an ultra-high-throughput sequencing approach, we identified the key bacterial and fungal taxa involved in SCN suppression. The Phylum-level investigation of bacteria revealed that Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria in the rhizosphere soil of soybean seedlings were more abundant in the suppressive soil than in the conducive soil. The phylum-level analysis of fungi in rhizosphere soil indicated that relative abundance of Ascomycota was higher in suppressive soil than in the conducive soil, where Basidiomycota was more abundant. Transferring suppressive soil to conducive soil increased the population of Ascomycota in the conducive soil by lowering the populations of Basidiomycota. The genera, such as, Pochonia, Purpureocillium, Fusarium, Stachybotrys that have been well documented as bio-control agents of plant nematodes were far more in the disease suppressive soils. Our results suggested that the plants engage a subset of functional microbial groups in the rhizosphere for initial defense upon nematode attack and protect the plant roots later on by nematodes to response for suppression of SCN in disease-suppressive soils. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20suppressive%20soil" title="disease suppressive soil">disease suppressive soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-throughput%20sequencing" title=" high-throughput sequencing"> high-throughput sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizosphere%20microbiome" title=" rhizosphere microbiome"> rhizosphere microbiome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean%20cyst%20nematode" title=" soybean cyst nematode"> soybean cyst nematode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95784/rhizosphere-microbiome-involvement-in-the-natural-suppression-of-soybean-cyst-nematode-in-disease-suppressive-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2206</span> The Relationship between Level of Anxiety and the Development of Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ewa%20Mojs">Ewa Mojs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Wiechec"> Katarzyna Wiechec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maia%20%20Kubiak"> Maia Kubiak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wlodzimierz%20Samborski"> Wlodzimierz Samborski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Interactions between mother’s psychological condition and child’s health status are complex and derive from the nature of the mother-child relationship. The aim of the study was to analyze the issue of anxiety amongst mothers of short children in the aspect of growth hormone therapy. The study was based on a group of 101 mothers of originally short-statured children – 70 with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) and 31 undergoing the diagnostic process, without any treatment. Collected medical data included child's gender, height and weight, chronological age, bone age delay, and rhGH therapy duration. For all children, the height SDS and BMI SDS were calculated. To evaluate anxiety in mothers, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used. Obtained results revealed low trait anxiety levels, with no statistically significant differences between the groups. State anxiety levels were average when mothers of all children were analyzed together, but when divided into groups, statistical differences appeared. Mothers of children without diagnosis and treatment had significantly higher levels of state anxiety than mothers of children with GHD receiving appropriate therapy. These results show, that the occurrence of growth failure in children is not related to high maternal trait anxiety, but the lack of diagnosis and lack of appropriate treatment generates higher levels of maternal state anxiety than the process of rh GH therapy in the offspring. Commencement of growth hormone therapy induce a substantial reduction of the state anxiety in mothers, and the duration of treatment causes its further decrease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety" title="anxiety">anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20hormone%20deficiency" title=" growth hormone deficiency"> growth hormone deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motherhood" title=" motherhood"> motherhood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55146/the-relationship-between-level-of-anxiety-and-the-development-of-children-with-growth-hormone-deficiency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2205</span> Lower Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Hormone Therapy Users with Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Hui%20Wen">Shu-Hui Wen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Chuan%20Chang"> Wei-Chuan Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsien-Chang%20Wu"> Hsien-Chang Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Little is known about the benefits and risks of use of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in conditions related to hormone therapy (HT) use on the risk of ischemic stroke (IS). The aim of this study is to explore the risk of IS in menopausal women treated with HT and CHM. Materials and methods: A total of 32,441 menopausal women without surgical menopause aged 40- 65 years were selected from 2003 to 2010 using the 2-million random samples of the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. According to the medication usage of HT and CHM, we divided the current and recent users into two groups: an HT use-only group (n = 4,989) and an HT/CHM group (n = 9,265). Propensity-score matching samples (4,079 pairs) were further created to deal with confounding by indication. The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of IS during HT or CHM treatment were estimated by the robust Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The incidence rate of IS in the HT/CHM group was significantly lower than in the HT group (4.5 vs. 12.8 per 1000 person-year, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis results indicated that additional CHM use was significant with a lower risk of IS (HR = 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.21-0.43). Further subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses had similar findings. Conclusion: We found that combined use of HT and CHM was associated with a lower risk for IS than HT use only. Further study is needed to examine possible mechanism underlying this association. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20herbal%20medicine" title="Chinese herbal medicine">Chinese herbal medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20therapy" title=" hormone therapy"> hormone therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ischemic%20stroke" title=" ischemic stroke"> ischemic stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopause" title=" menopause"> menopause</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77114/lower-risk-of-ischemic-stroke-in-hormone-therapy-users-with-use-of-chinese-herbal-medicine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2204</span> Is Hormone Replacement Therapy Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongxin%20Zhao">Hongxin Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shibing%20Yang"> Shibing Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bingming%20Yi"> Bingming Yi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20Ning"> Yi Ning</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: A few studies have found evidence that exposure to endogenous or postmenopausal exogenous estrogens may be associated with a lower prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but dispute over this association is ongoing due to inconsistent results reported by different studies. Objectives: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use and AMD. Methods: Relevant studies that assessed the association between HRT and AMD were searched through four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE) and reference lists of retrieved studies. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by three independent reviewers. The fixed-effect meta-analyses were performed to estimate the association between HRT ever-use and AMD by pooling risk ratio (RR) or odds ratio (OR) across studies. Results: The review identified 2 prospective and 7 cross-sectional studies with 93992 female participants that reported an estimate of the association between HRT ever-use and presence of early AMD or late AMD. Meta-analyses showed that there were no statistically significant associations between HRT ever-use and early AMD (pooled RR for cohort studies was 1.04, 95% CI 0.86 - 1.24; pooled OR for cross-sectional studies was 0.91, 95% CI 0.82 - 1.01). The pooled results from cross-sectional studies also showed no statistically significant association between HRT ever-use and late AMD (OR 1.01; 95% CI 0.89 - 1.15). Conclusions: The pooled effects from observational studies published to date indicate that HRT use is associated with neither early nor late AMD. Exposure to HRT may not protect women from developing AMD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20replacement%20therapy" title="hormone replacement therapy">hormone replacement therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age-related%20macular%20degeneration" title=" age-related macular degeneration"> age-related macular degeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review "> systematic review </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31385/is-hormone-replacement-therapy-associated-with-age-related-macular-degeneration-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2203</span> Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) and Its Impact on the All-Cause Mortality of UK Women: A Matched Cohort Study 1984-2017</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurunnahar%20Akter">Nurunnahar Akter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Kulinskaya"> Elena Kulinskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20Steel"> Nicholas Steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilyas%20Bakbergenuly"> Ilyas Bakbergenuly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is an effective treatment in ameliorating menopausal symptoms, it has mixed effects on different health outcomes, increasing, for instance, the risk of breast cancer. Because of this, many symptomatic women are left untreated. Untreated menopausal symptoms may result in other health issues, which eventually put an extra burden and costs to the health care system. All-cause mortality analysis may explain the net benefits and risks of the HRT therapy. However, it received far less attention in HRT studies. This study investigated the impact of HRT on all-cause mortality using electronically recorded primary care data from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) that broadly represents the female population in the United Kingdom (UK). The study entry date for this study was the record of the first HRT prescription from 1984, and patients were followed up until death or transfer to another GP practice or study end date, which was January 2017. 112,354 HRT users (cases) were matched with 245,320 non-users by age at HRT initiation and general practice (GP). The hazards of all-cause mortality associated with HRT were estimated by a parametric Weibull-Cox model adjusting for a wide range of important medical, lifestyle, and socio-demographic factors. The multilevel multiple imputation techniques were used to deal with missing data. This study found that during 32 years of follow-up, combined HRT reduced the hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause mortality by 9% (HR: 0.91; 95% Confidence Interval, 0.88-0.94) in women of age between 46 to 65 at first treatment compared to the non-users of the same age. Age-specific mortality analyses found that combined HRT decreased mortality by 13% (HR: 0.87; 95% CI, 0.82-0.92), 12% (HR: 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.93), and 8% (HR: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85-0.98), in 51 to 55, 56 to 60, and 61 to 65 age group at first treatment, respectively. There was no association between estrogen-only HRT and women’s all-cause mortality. The findings from this study may help to inform the choices of women at menopause and to further educate the clinicians and resource planners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20replacement%20therapy" title="hormone replacement therapy">hormone replacement therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20imputations" title=" multiple imputations"> multiple imputations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20care%20data" title=" primary care data"> primary care data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20health%20improvement%20network%20%28THIN%29" title=" the health improvement network (THIN)"> the health improvement network (THIN)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137151/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt-and-its-impact-on-the-all-cause-mortality-of-uk-women-a-matched-cohort-study-1984-2017" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2202</span> Cellular Technologies in Urology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Zhankina">R. Zhankina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Zhanbyrbekuly"> U. Zhanbyrbekuly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tamadon"> A. Tamadon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Askarov"> M. Askarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sherkhanov"> R. Sherkhanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Akhmetov"> D. Akhmetov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Saipiyeva"> D. Saipiyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Keulimzhaev"> N. Keulimzhaev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Male infertility affects about 15% of couples of reproductive age. Approximately 10–15% have azoospermia who have previously been diagnosed with male infertility. Azoospermia is regarded as the absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate and is found in 10-15% of infertile men. Non-obstructive azoospermia is considered a cause of male infertility that is not amenable to drug therapy. Patients with non-obstructive azoospermia are unable to have their "own" children and have only options for adoption or use of donor sperm. Advances in assisted reproductive technologies such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection in vitro fertilization have significantly changed the management of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. Advances in biotechnology have increased the options for treating patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been recognized as a new option for infertility treatment. Material and methods of the study: After obtaining informed consent, 5 patients diagnosed with non-obstructive azoospermia were included in an open, non-randomized study. The age of the patients ranged from 24 to 35 years. The examination was carried out before the start of treatment, which included biochemical blood tests, hormonal profile levels (luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, prolactin, inhibin B); tests for tumor markers; genetic research. All studies were carried out in compliance with the requirements of Protocol No. 8 dated 06/09/20, approved by the Local Ethical Commission of NJSC "Astana Medical University". The control examination of patients was carried out after 6 months, by re-taking the program and hormonal profile (testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, inhibin B). Before micro-TESE of the testis, all 5 patients underwent myeloexfusion in the operating room. During the micro-TESE, autotransplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the testicular network, previously cultured in a cell technology laboratory for 2 weeks, was performed. Results of the study: in all patients, the levels of total testosterone increased, the level of follicle-stimulating hormone decreased, the levels of luteinizing hormone returned to normal, the level of inhibin B increased. IVF with a positive result; another patient (20%) had spermatogenesis cells. Non-obstructive azoospermia and mesenchymal stem cells Conclusions: The positive results of this work serve as the basis for the application of a new cellular therapeutic approach for the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia using mesenchymal stem cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20therapy" title="cell therapy">cell therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20medicine" title=" regenerative medicine"> regenerative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=male%20infertility" title=" male infertility"> male infertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesenchymal%20stem%20cells" title=" mesenchymal stem cells"> mesenchymal stem cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147569/cellular-technologies-in-urology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147569.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2201</span> Menopause Hormone Therapy: An Insight into Knowledge and Attitudes of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in Singapore</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Hui%20Ying%20Renee">Tan Hui Ying Renee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stella%20Rizalina%20Sasha"> Stella Rizalina Sasha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Safdar%20Husain"> Farah Safdar Husain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Menopause Hormone Therapy (MHT) is an effective drug indicated for the treatment of menopausal symptoms and as replacement therapy in women who undergo premature menopause. In 2020, less than 8.8% of perimenopausal Singaporean women are on hormonal therapy, as compared to the Western population, where up to 50% may be on MHT. Factors associated with MHT utilization have been studied from patient characteristics, but the impact of locally prescribing physicians resulting in low MHT utilization has yet to be evaluated. The aim of the study is to determine the level of knowledge physicians in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology specialty have and their attitudes toward MHT. We believe that knowledge of MHT is lacking and that negative attitudes towards MHT may influence its use and undermine the benefits MHT may have for women. This paper is a part of a larger study on Singaporean physicians’ knowledge and attitudes towards MHT. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study intended to assess the knowledge and attitudes of physicians toward Menopausal Hormone Therapy. An anonymous questionnaire was disseminated via institutional internal circulations to optimize reach to physicians who may prescribe MHT, particularly in the fields of Gynaecology, Family Medicine and Endocrinology. Responses were completed voluntarily. Physicians had the option for each question to declare that they were ‘unsure’ or that the question was ‘beyond their expertise’. 21 knowledge questions tested factual recall on indications, contraindications, and risks of MHT. The remaining 6 questions were clinical scenarios crafted with the intention of testing specific principles related to the use of MHT. These questions received face validation from experts in the field. 198 responses were collected, 79 of which were from physicians in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology specialty. The data will be statistically analyzed to investigate areas that can be improved to increase the overall benefits of MHT for the Singaporean population. Results: Preliminary results show that the prevailing factors that limit Singaporean gynecologists and obstetricians from prescribing MHT are a lack of knowledge of MHT and a lack of confidence in prescribing MHT. Risks and indications of MHT were not well known by many physicians, with the majority of the questions having more than 25% incorrect and ‘unsure’ as their reply. The clinical scenario questions revealed significant shortcomings in knowledge on how to navigate real-life challenges in MHT use, with 2 of 6 questions with more than 50% incorrect or ‘beyond their expertise’ as their reply. The portion of the questionnaire that investigated the attitudes of physicians showed that though a large majority believed MHT to be an effective drug, only 40.5% were confident in prescribing it. Conclusion: Physicians in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology specialty lack knowledge and confidence in MHT. Therefore, it is imperative to formulate solutions on both the individual and institutional levels to fill these gaps and ensure that MHT is used appropriately and prescribed to the patients who need it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopause" title="menopause">menopause</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopause%20hormone%20therapy" title=" menopause hormone therapy"> menopause hormone therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physician%20factors" title=" physician factors"> physician factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstetrics%20and%20gynecology" title=" obstetrics and gynecology"> obstetrics and gynecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopausal%20symptoms" title=" menopausal symptoms"> menopausal symptoms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Singapore" title=" Singapore"> Singapore</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186827/menopause-hormone-therapy-an-insight-into-knowledge-and-attitudes-of-obstetricians-and-gynecologists-in-singapore" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2200</span> Vitamin D Intoxication with Hypercalcemia Due to Overuse of Supplement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Ataei">Sara Ataei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Bagher%20Oghazian"> Mohammad Bagher Oghazian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mania%20Radfar"> Mania Radfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We describe a patient with hypercalcemia associated with the injection of high doses vitamin D as supplement for a period of six months. A 76-year-old woman had been taking an intramuscular injection of vitamin D 300,000 IU every ten days for six months. She was hospitalized with symptoms of hypercalcemia: chronic constipation, unstable gait, a chronic generalized musculoskeletal pain and increased fatigue. On admission her 25 (OH) vitamin D and Calcium levels were 559 nmol/L and 13.85 mg/dL respectively, and Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) level was 7.1 pg/mL. Immediately she received diuresis therapy with saline and furosemide in conjunction with calcitonin and pamidronate. At discharge her serum calcium level was 11.5 mg/dL. To lower endogenous overproduction of calcitriol, prednisolone 20 mg/day for 10 days was administered at discharge time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D" title="vitamin D">vitamin D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypercalcemia" title=" hypercalcemia"> hypercalcemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D%20toxicity" title=" vitamin D toxicity"> vitamin D toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parathyroid%20hormone" title=" parathyroid hormone"> parathyroid hormone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22662/vitamin-d-intoxication-with-hypercalcemia-due-to-overuse-of-supplement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2199</span> Impact of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Body Composition Analysis of Women during Perimenopause: A Framework for Action</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Varsha%20Chorsiya">Varsha Chorsiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooja%20Aneja"> Pooja Aneja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhananjay%20Kaushik"> Dhananjay Kaushik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhinav%20Yadav"> Abhinav Yadav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intoduction: Women’s Health Initiatives (WHI) focuses on defining the risks and benefits of strategies that could potentially reduce the incidence of obesity, heart disease, breast cancer and colorectal cancer, and fractures in menopause women. The utility of the present research work determines to find the role of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) in changing the different component of body composition during perimenopause period. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study included 30 subjects, aged between 40 and 50 years which were assigned into 2 groups i.e. 15 subjects in HRT (Group A) and 15 subjects in non-HRT (Group B). The subjects were taken from the hospitals and clinics of Faridabad undergoing HRT in supervision of the consultant gynecologist. The informed consents were signed before including the participants in the study. The body composition and lipid profile were evaluated for all the subjects. Result and Discussion: The BMI, body density, percent body fats and fat mass in both groups showed statistically significant differences i.e. p < 0.05. Our study did not reveal any statistically significant difference between non-HRT and HRT for lipid profile composition of HDL, LDL, VLDL, ratio, triglycerides and total cholesterol although these indicators (LDL, VLDL, ratio, triglycerides and total cholesterol) showed difference clinically with a higher mean values for non-HRT as compared to HRT group. The mean value for HDL was higher for HRT group in contrast to non-HRT group. The result clearly showed that HRT group has a good lipid profile composition. Conclusion: In conclusion, our data show that HRT has statistically significant role in determining BMI, fat percent mass and fat mass. The lipid profile including LDL, HDL, VLDL, ratio, triglycerides and total cholesterol found to be clinically better in HRT group as compared to the non-HRT group. The rationale for non-significant lipid profile probably lie in the fact that hormonal changes need a particular time period and might become significant in post-menopausal period. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20composition" title="body composition">body composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20replacement%20therapy" title=" hormone replacement therapy"> hormone replacement therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perimenopause" title=" perimenopause"> perimenopause</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20health" title=" women health"> women health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54731/impact-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-on-body-composition-analysis-of-women-during-perimenopause-a-framework-for-action" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2198</span> Prevalence of Menopausal Women with Clinical Symptoms of Allergy and Evaluation the Effect of Sex Hormone Combined with Anti-Allergy Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Wei">Yang Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xueyan%20Wang"> Xueyan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Zou"> Hui Zou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Investigation the prevalence of menopausal symptoms in patients with allergic symptoms, evaluation of the effect of sex hormones combined with anti-allergic therapy in these patients. Method: Age of 45-65 years old women with allergic symptoms at the same time in gynecological-endocrinology clinic in our hospital were selected from Feb 1 to May 31, 2010, randomly. The patients were given oral estradiol valerate plus progestin pills combined with anti-allergy treatment and then evaluated twice a week and one month later. Evaluation criterion: Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and the degree of clinical symptoms were used to evaluate menopause and allergy separately. Results: 1) There were 195 cases of patients with menopausal symptoms at the age. Their MRS were all over 15. 2) Among them 45 patients were with allergic symptom accounted for 23% which were diagnosed by allergic department. 3) Evaluated after one week: the menopausal symptoms were improved and MRS were less than or equal to 5 in all these patients; the skin symptom of allergic symptoms vanished completely. 4) Evaluated after one month: Menopause symptoms were improved steadily; other clinical symptoms of allergy were also improved or without recurrence. Conclusion: The incidence rate of menopausal women with clinical symptoms of allergic diseases is high and it needs attention. The effect of sex hormones combined with anti-allergic therapy is obvious. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopausal" title="menopausal">menopausal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allergy" title=" allergy"> allergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20hormone" title=" sex hormone"> sex hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-allergy%20treatment" title=" anti-allergy treatment"> anti-allergy treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9645/prevalence-of-menopausal-women-with-clinical-symptoms-of-allergy-and-evaluation-the-effect-of-sex-hormone-combined-with-anti-allergy-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2197</span> Detection of Polymorphism of Growth Hormone Gene in Holstein Cattle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20%C5%9Eahin">Emine Şahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Soner%20Balc%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu"> Murat Soner Balcıoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to determine the growth hormone (bGH) gene polymorphism in the Holstein cattle growing around Antalya in Turkey. In order to determine the bGH-AluI polymorphism, polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was performed. A 891 bp fragment of bGH was amplified and two types of alleles C and D for bGH were observed. In this study, the frequencies of C and D alleles were 0.8438 and 0.1562, respectively. The genotype frequencies for CC, CD and DD were 0.787, 0.191 and 0.022, respectively. According to the results of the chi-square test, a significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was not determined for the bGH locus in the population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Growth%20Hormone%20Gene" title="Growth Hormone Gene">Growth Hormone Gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holstein" title=" Holstein "> Holstein </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polymorphism" title=" Polymorphism"> Polymorphism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RFLP" title=" RFLP"> RFLP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63845/detection-of-polymorphism-of-growth-hormone-gene-in-holstein-cattle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2196</span> Estrogen Controls Hepatitis C Virus Entry and Spread through the GPR30 Pathway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Ulitzky">Laura Ulitzky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dougbeh-Chris%20Nyan"> Dougbeh-Chris Nyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuel%20M.%20Lafer"> Manuel M. Lafer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erica%20Silberstein"> Erica Silberstein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicoleta%20Cehan"> Nicoleta Cehan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deborah%20R.%20Taylor"> Deborah R. Taylor </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma, fibrosis and cirrhosis are more frequent in men and postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women and women receiving hormone replacement therapy, suggesting that β-estradiol (estrogen) plays an innate role in preventing viral infection and liver disease. Estrogen classically acts through nuclear estrogen receptors or, alternatively, through the membrane-bound G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPR30 or GPER). We observed a marked decrease in detectable virus when HCV-infected human hepatoma cells were treated with estrogen. The effect was mimicked by both Tamoxifen (Tam) and G1, a GPR30-specific agonist, and was reversed by the GPR30-specific antagonist, G15. Through GPR30, estrogen-mediated the down-regulation of occludin; a tight junction protein and HCV receptor, by promoting activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Activated MMP-9 was secreted in response to estrogen, cleaving occludin in the extracellular Domain D, the motif required for HCV entry and spread. This pathway gives new insight into a novel innate immune pathway and the disparate host-virus responses to HCV demonstrated by the two sexes. Moreover, these data suggest that hormone replacement therapy may have beneficial antiviral properties for HCV-infected postmenopausal women and show promise for new antiviral treatments for both men and women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCV" title="HCV">HCV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estrogen" title=" estrogen"> estrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occludin" title=" occludin"> occludin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MMPs" title=" MMPs"> MMPs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22937/estrogen-controls-hepatitis-c-virus-entry-and-spread-through-the-gpr30-pathway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2195</span> Comparing Breast Cancer Risk and the Risk Factors between Heterosexual Women and Sexual Minority Women in Taiwan: A Preliminary Result</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Ching%20Wang">Ya-Ching Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Maun%20Subeq"> Yi-Maun Subeq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: There is a lack of evidence to understand differences in risk for developing breast cancer between sexual minority women and heterosexual women in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to compare differences in risk for developing breast cancer between the two groups of Taiwanese women. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was used to collect data. A total of 238 Taiwanese women (mean age 30.69 years old, SD=8.231, range 20-60) were recruited between December 2016 and February 2017, including 115 heterosexual women and 123 sexual minority women. Results: There were no significant differences between heterosexual women and sexual minority women in body mass index, history of non-malignant breast disease, age at menarche and menopause, use of hormone replacement therapy, use of hormone replacement therapy, nor the prevalence of breast cancer. The sexual minority women had higher rates of current drinking, smoking and using breast-bindings and also reported exercise more a week; the heterosexual women had higher rates of pregnancy, children, breastfeed, miscarriages, abortion and use of birth control pills. Discussion/Conclusion: There were significant differences between heterosexual women and sexual minority women in reproductive factors and behavioral risk factors for the development of breast cancer. In particular, the finding that the sexual minority women had higher rate of using breast-bindings (56.6%) than the heterosexual women (4.7%) should be further explore, in order to understand whether long-term breast compression is associated with the development of breast cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title="breast cancer">breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20orientation" title=" sexual orientation"> sexual orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taiwan" title=" Taiwan"> Taiwan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76616/comparing-breast-cancer-risk-and-the-risk-factors-between-heterosexual-women-and-sexual-minority-women-in-taiwan-a-preliminary-result" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2194</span> Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Estrogen Hormone and Bone Mineral Density in Osteoporotic Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noha%20Mohamed%20Abdelhafez%20Dahy">Noha Mohamed Abdelhafez Dahy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azza%20Abd%20El-Aziz"> Azza Abd El-Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Ahmed"> Eman Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa%20El-Sayed"> Marwa El-Sayed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass, deterioration of bone tissue, and disruption of bone microarchitecture, which leads to compromised bone strength and an increased risk of fracture, commonly it occurs in women 10-15 years after menopause, the mean age of menopause is 51 years. Menopause is natural physiological changes primary because of decline of ovaries function with age which leads to decrease of estrogen hormone production which is the main hormone for bone continuous remodeling for bone density maintenance. Exercise increase stimulation of bone growth to keep bone mass by the effect of the mechanical stimulation, antigravity loading and stress exerted on musculoskeletal muscles. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on estrogen hormone and bone mineral density (BMD) in osteoporotic women and the correlation between the estrogen and BMD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osteoporosis" title="Osteoporosis">Osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Postmenopause" title=" Postmenopause"> Postmenopause</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aerobic%20exercise" title=" Aerobic exercise"> Aerobic exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEXA" title=" DEXA"> DEXA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serum%20Estrogen" title=" Serum Estrogen"> Serum Estrogen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166825/effect-of-aerobic-exercise-on-estrogen-hormone-and-bone-mineral-density-in-osteoporotic-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2193</span> Sense Environmental Hormones in Elementary School Teachers and Their in Service Learning Motivation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fu-Chi%20Chuang">Fu-Chi Chuang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Liang"> Yu-Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang"> Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Der%20Wang"> Wen-Der Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our environment has been contaminated by many artificial chemicals, such as plastics, pesticides. Many of them have hormone-like activity and are classified as 'environmental hormone (also named endocrine disruptors)'. These chemicals interfere with or mimic hormones have adverse effects that persist into adulthood. Environmental education is an important way to teach students to become engaged in real-world issues that transcend classroom walls. Elementary education is the first stage to perform environmental education and it is an important component to help students develop adequate environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. However, elementary teachers' knowledge plays a critical role in this mission. Therefore, we use a questionnaire to survey the knowledge of environmental hormone of elementary school teachers and their learning motivation of the environmental hormone-regarding knowledge. We collected 218 questionnaires from Taiwanese elementary teachers and the results indicate around 73% of elementary teachers do not have enough knowledge about environmental hormones. Our results also reveal the in-service elementary teachers’ learning motivation of environmental hormones knowledge is positively enhanced once they realized their insufficient cognitive ability of environmental hormones. We believe our study will provide the powerful reference for Ministry of Education to set up the policy of environmental education to enrich all citizens sufficient knowledge of the effects of the environmental hormone on organisms, and further to enhance our correct environmental behaviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elementary%20teacher" title="elementary teacher">elementary teacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20hormones" title=" environmental hormones"> environmental hormones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20motivation" title=" learning motivation"> learning motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=questionnaire" title=" questionnaire"> questionnaire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104093/sense-environmental-hormones-in-elementary-school-teachers-and-their-in-service-learning-motivation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2192</span> Combination of Diane-35 and Metformin to Treat Early Endometrial Carcinoma in PCOS Women with Insulin Resistance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Li">Xin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-Rong%20Guo"> Yan-Rong Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Fang%20Lin"> Jin-Fang Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20Feng"> Yi Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H%C3%A5kan%20Billig"> Håkan Billig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruijin%20Shao"> Ruijin Shao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a high risk of developing endometrial carcinoma. There is a need for the development of new medical therapies that can reduce the need for surgical intervention so as to preserve the fertility of these patients. The aim of the study was to describe and discuss cases of PCOS and insulin resistance (IR) women with early endometrial carcinoma while being co-treated with Diane-35 and metformin. Methods: Five PCOS-IR women who were scheduled for diagnosis and therapy for early endometrial carcinoma were recruited. The hospital records and endometrial pathology reports were reviewed. All patients were co-treated with Diane-35 and metformin for 6 months to reverse the endometrial carcinoma and preserve their fertility. Before, during, and after treatment, endometrial biopsies and blood samples were obtained and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Endometrial pathology was evaluated. Body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), insulin area under curve (IAUC), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were determined. Results: Clinical stage 1a, low grade endometrial carcinoma was confirmed before treatment. After 6 months of co-treatment, all patients showed normal epithelia. No evidence of atypical hyperplasia or endometrial carcinoma was found. Co-treatment resulted in significant decreases in BW, BMI, TT, FAI, IAUC, and HOMA-IR in parallel with a significant increase in SHBG. There were no differences in the FSH and LH levels after co-treatment. Conclusions: Combined treatment with Diane-35 and metformin has the potential to revert the endometrial carcinoma into normal endometrial cells in PCOS-IR women. The cellular and molecular mechanisms behind this effect merit further investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCOS" title="PCOS">PCOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=progesterone%20resistance" title=" progesterone resistance"> progesterone resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title=" insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steroid%20hormone%20receptors" title=" steroid hormone receptors"> steroid hormone receptors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometrial%20carcinoma" title=" endometrial carcinoma"> endometrial carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5720/combination-of-diane-35-and-metformin-to-treat-early-endometrial-carcinoma-in-pcos-women-with-insulin-resistance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2191</span> Comparative Study of Gonadotropin Hormones and Sperm Parameters in Two Age Groups</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Murtaza">G. Murtaza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Faiza"> H. Faiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Rafiq"> M. Rafiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Gul"> S. Gul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Raza"> F. Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarwat%20Anjum"> Sarwat Anjum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our objective was to investigate whether and how extensively there is a correlation between aging in men, gonadotropin hormone regulation, and a decline in sperm parameters and whether it is possible to identify an age limit beyond which the decrease in sperm feature and hormonal regulation reaches statistical significance. A total of one hundred and twenty men (age: 20–50 years) were divided into two groups; each group contained 60 males (Group A with a young age of 20–35 years and Group B with an older age of 36–50 years) who visited the Center for Reproductive Medicine (CRM) in Peshawar General Hospital (PGH) Peshawar, Pakistan. Clinical assessment and sperm analysis were investigated. Hormone testing and semen analysis were carried out in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Hormone tests, sperm morphology, and the total motile spermatozoa count (TMS) were computed. SPSS 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for the statistical analysis. It was observed that the testosterone levels in Group A (mean = 3.770) and Group B (mean = 3.995) were comparable, with a significant P-value <0.005 in both age groups. Furthermore, similar levels are shown by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (Group A mean = 19.73, Group B mean = 15.64) and luteinizing hormone (LH) (Group A mean = 12.25, Group B mean = 11.93) in both groups, with a significant P = <0.005. Sperm concentrations were most similar in Group A, with a mean of 4.44, and in Group B, with a mean of 4.42 and a significant P value of 0.005 in both groups. Additionally, it was discovered that sperm motility was higher in Group A, with a mean of 22.40 and a P-value of 0.052, which was non-significant when compared to Group B. Morphological differences were also observed in both age groups. This research found that advancing in male age does not affect sex hormone regulation; in contrast, the fraction of motile and morphologically normal spermatozoa decreases as male age increases, with the strongest evidence being when the age exceeds 40 years. To clarify the causes and clinical implications of these correlations, more research is necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gonadotropins" title="gonadotropins">gonadotropins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motility" title=" motility"> motility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spermatozoa" title=" spermatozoa"> spermatozoa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188991/comparative-study-of-gonadotropin-hormones-and-sperm-parameters-in-two-age-groups" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2190</span> Oestrogen Replacement In Post-Oophorectomy Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joana%20Gato">Joana Gato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abotabekh"> Ahmed Abotabekh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panayoti%20Bachkangi"> Panayoti Bachkangi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Oestrogen is an essential gonadal hormone that plays a vital role in the reproductive system of women1. The average age of menopause in the UK is 512. Women who go through premature menopause should be offered Hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Similarly, women who undergo surgical menopause should be offered HRT, unless contraindicated, depending on the indication of their surgery2,3. Aim: To assess if the patients in our department are counselled regarding HRT after surgical treatment and if HRT was prescribed. Methodology: A retrospective audit in a busy district hospital, examining all the patients who had a hysterectomy. The audit examined if HRT was discussed pre-operatively, prescribed on discharge and if a follow up was arranged. For women with contraindication to HRT, the audit assessed if the reasons were discussed pre-operatively and communicated to the Inclusion criteria: woman having a total or subtotal hysterectomy, with or without bilateral salpingo-ophorectomy (BSO), between April and September 2022. Exclusion criteria: woman having a vaginal hysterectomy. Results: 40 patients in total had hysterectomy; 27 (68%) were under the age of 51. 15 out of 27 patients bad BSO. 9 women were prescribed HRT, but 8 were offered HRT immediately, and 1 of them were offered a follow up. Of women who underwent surgical menopause, 7 were not given any HRT. The HRT choice was diverse, however, the majority was prescribed oral HRT. 40% of women undergoing surgical menopause did not have a discussion about HRT prior to their surgery. In postmenopausal women (n=13; 33%), still two were given HRT for preexisting menopausal symptoms. Discussion: Only 59% of the pre-menopausal patients had oophorectomy, therefore undergoing surgical menopause. Of these, 44% were not given any HRT, and 40% had no discussion about HRT prior to surgery. Interestingly, the majority of these women have no obvious contraindication to HRT. The choice of HRT was diverse, but the majority was commenced on oral HRT. Our unit is still working towards meeting all the NICE guidance standards of offering HRT and information prior to surgery to women planning to undergo surgical menopause. Conclusion: Starting HRT at the onset of menopause has been shown to improve quality of life and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporotic fractures4. Our unit still has scope for improvement to comply with the current NICE guidance. All pre-menopausal women undergoing surgical menopause should have a discussion regarding HRT prior to surgery and be offered it if there are no contraindications. This discussion should be clearly documented in the notes. At the time of this report, some of the patients have not yet had a follow up, which we recognize as a limitation to our audit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20replacement%20therapy" title="hormone replacement therapy">hormone replacement therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopause" title=" menopause"> menopause</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premature%20ovarian%20insufficiency" title=" premature ovarian insufficiency"> premature ovarian insufficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20management" title=" surgical management"> surgical management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159228/oestrogen-replacement-in-post-oophorectomy-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2189</span> Pre-Malignant Breast Lesions, Methods of Treatment and Outcome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Mostafa">Ahmed Mostafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Mahmoud"> Mohamed Mahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesreen%20H.%20Hafez"> Nesreen H. Hafez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Fahim"> Mohamed Fahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This retrospective study includes 60 patients with pre-invasive breast cancer. Aim of the study: Evaluation of premalignant lesions of the breast (DCIS), different treatment methods and outcome. Patients and methods: 60 patients with DCIS were studied from the period between 2005 to 2012, for 38 patients the primary surgical method was wide local resection (WLE) (63.3%) and the other cases (22 patients, 36.7%) had mastectomy, fourteen cases from those who underwent local excision received radiotherapy, while no adjuvant radiotherapy was given for those who underwent mastectomy. In case of hormonal receptor positive DCIS lesions hormonal treatment (Tamoxifen) was given after local control. Results: No difference in overall survival between mastectomy & breast conserving therapy (wide local excision and adjuvant radiotherapy), however local recurrence rate is higher in case of breast conserving therapy, also no role of Axillary evacuation in case of DCIS. The use of hormonal therapy decreases the incidence of local recurrence by about 98%. Conclusion: The main management of DCIS is local treatment (wide local excision and radiotherapy) with hormonal treatment in case of hormone receptor positive lesions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductal%20carcinoma%20in%20situ" title="ductal carcinoma in situ">ductal carcinoma in situ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20treatment" title=" surgical treatment"> surgical treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title=" radiotherapy"> radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20conserving%20therapy" title=" breast conserving therapy"> breast conserving therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormonal%20treatment" title=" hormonal treatment"> hormonal treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47658/pre-malignant-breast-lesions-methods-of-treatment-and-outcome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47658.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2188</span> The Effect of Blue Lighting on Feeding Behaviour, Growth, and Corticosterone of Broiler Chickens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Harimurti">Sri Harimurti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diah%20Reni%20Asih"> Diah Reni Asih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was designated to investigate the effect of intermittent and continuous blue lighting on the feeding behaviour, growth and corticosterone hormone concentration of broiler. Two thousands and seven hundreds unsexed day-old broiler were divided into three groups of lighting treatment. Each treatment consisted of three replicates of 300 birds. The treatments were ordinary lighting (C), intermittent blue lighting (IBL) and continuous blue lighting (CBL). The data were collected in the study were feeding behaviour such as feeding duration and frequency of feeding, growth rate of birds and corticosterone hormone concentration. Results showed that the CBL have significant effect (P<0,05) on duration and frequency of feeding and growth rate of birds. The CBL have the highest feeding duration, the lowest frequency of feeding that those 290.33±1.52 minutes/day, 35.58±0.50 times/day at 15 to 28 days of age.The concentration of corticosterone hormone of IBL and CBL were a significant (P<0.05) decrease. The conclusion of this study indicated that continuous blue lighting may be a good tool for improving welfare management of broiler. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blue%20light" title="blue light">blue light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20chickens" title=" broiler chickens"> broiler chickens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corticosterone%20hormone" title=" corticosterone hormone"> corticosterone hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feeding%20behaviour" title=" feeding behaviour"> feeding behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20rate" title=" growth rate"> growth rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71273/the-effect-of-blue-lighting-on-feeding-behaviour-growth-and-corticosterone-of-broiler-chickens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2187</span> Prevalence and Pattern of Abnormalities Pap Smear Examination in Women Attending Fertility Clinic in Uniosun Teaching Hospitals, Osun State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayodeji%20Blessing%20Ajileye">Ayodeji Blessing Ajileye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Infertility is described as failure to conceive after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse. One of the causes of female infertility is caused by cervical abnormalities which may be due to bacterial and parasitological infections, hormonal imbalances of Lentinizing hormone, follicular stimulating hormone, oestrogen hormone and progesterone hormone. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of abnormal cervical Pap smear in women with infertility attending fertility clinics at Uniosun Teaching Hospitals Osogbo, Osun State. Methods: This study was conducted at the fertility clinic of University of Osun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State. The study population comprised of 50 infertile women and 50 fertile women who are attending the gynecology clinic of University of Osun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State. Questionnaire was used to obtain relevant data. Cervical sample was collected using Ayre’s spatula, two smears were prepared and stained with Papanicolaous and H&E staining techniques. Results were analyzed using frequency table. Results: This study observed the prevalence of abnormal cervical smear among infertility women to be 16(30%), while only 03(6%) were observed among the control group (fertile women). Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance have the highest abnormalities observed in this study with 30%, about 28% of the Pap smear results were negative for inflammation, while total inflammation observed was 72% among the infertility women. Conclusion: This study concluded that abnormal pap smears in this study is significantly more often in women with infertility as compared with fertile women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infertility" title="infertility">infertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oestrogen%20hormone" title=" oestrogen hormone"> oestrogen hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pap%20smears" title=" pap smears"> pap smears</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=progesterone%20hormone" title=" progesterone hormone"> progesterone hormone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178310/prevalence-and-pattern-of-abnormalities-pap-smear-examination-in-women-attending-fertility-clinic-in-uniosun-teaching-hospitals-osun-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2186</span> Weight Gain After Total Thyroidectomy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Seong%20Kim">Yong Seong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seongbin%20Hong"> Seongbin Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So%20Hun%20Kim"> So Hun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moonsuk%20Nam"> Moonsuk Nam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Patients who undergo thyroidectomy due to thyroid cancer often complain weight gain, although they are on suppressive thyroid hormone treatment. The aim of this study is to know whether thyroid cancer patients gain the weight after thyroidectomy and weight change is dependent on estrogen state or use of rhTSH. Material and Method: We performed a retrospective chart review of subjects receiving medical care at an academic medical center. Two hundred two patients who underwent total thyroidectomy were included. As a control group, patients with thyroid nodule and euthyroidism were matched for age, gender, menopausal status. The weight changes occurring over first one year and thyroid function were assessed. Results: Mean age was 51±12 years and patients was composed with 38% of premenopausal, 15 % perimenopausal women, 37% of postmenopausal women and 20% of men. Patients with thyroid cancer gained 2.2 kg during the first year. It’ was not significantly different with control. However, weigh change in perimenopausal and post menopausal women gained more weight than control (P <0.05). Age, baseline body weight and weight gain were not correlated. Discussion: Patient who had undergone thyroidectomy gained more weight than their control, especially in peri- and postmenopausal women. Patients in this age should be monitored for their weight carefully. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20gain" title="weight gain">weight gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroidectomy" title=" thyroidectomy"> thyroidectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20cancer" title=" thyroid cancer"> thyroid cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20chance" title=" weight chance "> weight chance </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21104/weight-gain-after-total-thyroidectomy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2185</span> The Effect of Relaxing Exercises in Water on Endorphin Hormone for the Beginner in Swimming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmin%20Hussein%20Embaby">Yasmin Hussein Embaby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Athletic Training has its essentials, rules, and methods that help individual in reaching the maximum possible athletic level during the exercised physical activity, therefore; it is important for those working in athletic field to recognize and understand what is going on inside our bodies. This will show the close relationship between physiology and athletic training as the science that explains the various changes that happen to respond to the practice of physical activities. Swimming is one of the water sports that play a major role in influencing the full compatibility of body parts and its systems during the practice of different swimming methods, which uses aqueous to move. It is the initial nucleus in swimming learning and through which the beginner gain a sense of security, safety and the ability to move in aqueous by learning basic skills. Research Methodology: The researcher used the experimental methodology by using pre and post measurement on two equal groups (experimental – control) because it is appropriate for the research. Conclusions: Through the results and information found by the researcher, and in light of the related studies, theoretical readings and the statistical treatments of data; the researcher reached the following conclusions: 1. Muscle relaxation exercises have a positive effect on performance level in crawl swimming and on endorphin hormone as it helps in increasing its normal rater in body, the improvement percentage for experimental group in the relaxation ability, level of endorphin hormone exceeds those of control group. 2. The validity of muscle relaxation exercises proposed for the application, which achieved its objectives, namely increasing the level of endorphin hormone in the body; where research results showed a statistically significant difference in the level of endorphin hormone in favor of the experimental sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beginners" title="beginners">beginners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endorphin%20hormone" title=" endorphin hormone"> endorphin hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relaxing%20exercises" title=" relaxing exercises"> relaxing exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming" title=" swimming"> swimming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72368/the-effect-of-relaxing-exercises-in-water-on-endorphin-hormone-for-the-beginner-in-swimming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2184</span> From Acute Abdomen to Hormonal Crisis: Case Report on a Long-Delayed Sheehan's Syndrome Diagnosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maham%20Leeza%20Adil">Maham Leeza Adil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahrukh%20Alvi"> Mahrukh Alvi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Osman"> Muhammad Osman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Sheehan's syndrome (SS) is a rare cause of hypopituitarism resulting from postpartum hemorrhage and pituitary necrosis. It remains an underdiagnosed condition, especially in developing countries, due to poor obstetric care and home deliveries. This case report highlights the significance of recognizing atypical presentations of SS, such as pancytopenia, to aid in early diagnosis and management. Case Presentation: A 40-year-old female presented with acute abdomen symptoms and was initially diagnosed with acalculous cholecystitis. However, a detailed history revealed a history of postpartum hemorrhage 18 years prior, leading to a provisional diagnosis of SS. Further investigations confirmed panhypopituitarism, including hypothyroidism, hypocortisolism, and hypogonadism. Notably, the patient also exhibited pancytopenia, a rarely reported hematological manifestation of SS. Discussion: SS often presents with nonspecific symptoms, leading to delayed or missed diagnoses. In this case, the patient's initial presentation of acute abdomen symptoms was attributed to secondary adrenal insufficiency due to panhypopituitarism. The presence of pancytopenia, along with hyponatremia, further complicated the clinical picture. Hormone replacement therapy led to a remarkable improvement in the patient's condition, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and intervention. Conclusion: SS is a common cause of panhypopituitarism in developing countries, but its atypical presentations, such as pancytopenia, are rare and often overlooked. This case highlights the need for increased awareness among clinicians to consider SS in patients with unexplained hematological abnormalities, particularly in regions with high rates of postpartum hemorrhage. Early recognition and appropriate hormone replacement therapy can significantly improve patients' outcomes and prevent long-term complications associated with this underdiagnosed syndrome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheehan%20syndrome" title="Sheehan syndrome">Sheehan syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panhypopituitarism" title=" panhypopituitarism"> panhypopituitarism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancytopenia" title=" pancytopenia"> pancytopenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delayed%20diagnosis" title=" delayed diagnosis"> delayed diagnosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192560/from-acute-abdomen-to-hormonal-crisis-case-report-on-a-long-delayed-sheehans-syndrome-diagnosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2183</span> Parathyroid Hormone Receptor 1 as a Prognostic Indicator in Canine Osteosarcoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awf%20A.%20Al-Khan">Awf A. Al-Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20J.%20Day"> Michael J. Day</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Judith%20Nimmo"> Judith Nimmo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mourad%20Tayebi"> Mourad Tayebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stewart%20D.%20Ryan"> Stewart D. Ryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samantha%20J.%20Richardson"> Samantha J. Richardson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janine%20A.%20Danks"> Janine A. Danks</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of malignant primary bone tumour in dogs. In addition to their critical roles in bone formation and remodeling, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its receptor (PTHR1) are involved in progression and metastasis of many types of tumours in humans. The aims of this study were to determine the localisation and expression levels of PTHrP and PTHR1 in canine OS tissues using immunohistochemistry and to investigate if this expression is correlated with survival time. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 44 dogs with known survival time that had been diagnosed with primary osteosarcoma were analysed for localisation of PTHrP and PTHR1. Findings showed that both PTHrP and PTHR1 were present in all OS samples. The dogs with high level of PTHR1 protein (16%) had decreased survival time (P<0.05) compared to dogs with less PTHR1 protein. PTHrP levels did not correlate with survival time (P>0.05). The results of this study indicate that the PTHR1 is expressed differently in canine OS tissues and this may be correlated with poor prognosis. This may mean that PTHR1 may be useful as a prognostic indicator in canine OS and could represent a good therapeutic target in OS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dog" title="dog">dog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expression" title=" expression"> expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteosarcoma" title=" osteosarcoma"> osteosarcoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parathyroid%20hormone%20receptor%201%20%28PTHR1%29" title=" parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1)"> parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parathyroid%20hormone-related%20protein%20%28PTHrP%29" title=" parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)"> parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival" title=" survival"> survival</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55383/parathyroid-hormone-receptor-1-as-a-prognostic-indicator-in-canine-osteosarcoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2182</span> Effect of 17α-Methyltestosterone Hormone on Haematological Profiles of the Sex Reversed, Sarotherodon Melanotheron</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayoola">Ayoola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simeon%20Oluwatoyin"> Simeon Oluwatoyin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omogoriola%20Hannah%20Omoloye"> Omogoriola Hannah Omoloye </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of 17α-Methyltestosterone Hormone on blood composition of the Sex Reversed Sarotherodon melanotheron were investigated. S. melanotheron fry were reared in six (6) plastic tanks for three (3) months, of which three (3) tanks served as treatment tanks while the other three (3) served as the control. The fry were fed with 17α-methyl testosterone enzyme, which functions as a sex reversal hormone. The fry were administered this hormone for 30 days, to ensure complete sex reversal. All the S. melanotheron fry were reared to table size for duration of three (3) months, after which, blood samples were taken from both the control and treatment fishes. The blood parameters showed no significant differences with the same values of White Blood Cell count (WBC) and Total plasma protein for the control and experimental fishes. A total protein value for sex reversed specimens was 3.99g/dL, while urea and creatinine values were 0.2g/dL. Alkaline Phosphatase, Aspartate transaminase and Alanine transaminase for the treatment specimen were 183nm/mg protein/min, 98nm/mg protein/min and 105nm/mg protein/min respectively. A total protein value for control specimens was 2.81g/dL, while urea and creatinine values were 0.2g/dL. Alkaline Phosphatase, Aspartate transaminase and Alanine transaminase for the control species were 174nm/mg protein/min, 93nm/mg protein/min and 106nm/mg protein/min respectively. The safety of MT on S. melanotheron is therefore proved since there is no adverse effect on the fish. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=17%CE%B1-Methyltestosterone" title="17α-Methyltestosterone">17α-Methyltestosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=haematology" title=" haematology"> haematology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20reversal" title=" sex reversal"> sex reversal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sarotherodon%20melanotheron" title=" sarotherodon melanotheron "> sarotherodon melanotheron </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29481/effect-of-17a-methyltestosterone-hormone-on-haematological-profiles-of-the-sex-reversed-sarotherodon-melanotheron" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2181</span> The Role of Surgery to Remove the Primary Tumor in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20D.%20Zikiryahodjaev">A. D. Zikiryahodjaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20V.%20Bolotina"> L. V. Bolotina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Sukhotko"> A. S. Sukhotko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose. To evaluate the expediency and timeliness of performance of surgical treatment as a component of multi-therapy treatment of patients with stage IV breast cancers. Materials and Methods. This investigation comparatively analyzed the results of complex treatment with or without surgery in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We analyzed retrospectively treatment experience of 196 patients with generalized breast cancer in the department of oncology and breast reconstructive surgery of P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute from 2000 to 2012. The average age was (58±1,1) years. Invasive ductul carcinoma was verified in128 patients (65,3%), invasive lobular carcinoma-33 (16,8%), complex form - 19 (9,7%). Complex palliative care involving drug and radiation therapies was performed in two patient groups. The first group includes 124 patients who underwent surgical intervention as complex treatment, the second group includes 72 patients with only medical therapy. Standard systemic therapy was given to all patients. Results. Overall, 3-and 5-year survival in fist group was 43,8 and 21%, in second - 15,1 and 9,3% respectively [p=0,00002 log-rank]. Median survival in patients with surgical treatment composed 32 months, in patients with only systemic therapy-21. The factors having influencing an influence on the prognosis and the quality of life outcomes for of patients with generalized breast cancer were are also studied: hormone-dependent tumor, Her2/neu hyper-expression, reproductive function status (age, menopause existence). Conclusion.Removing primary breast tumor in patients with generalized breast cancer improve long-term outcomes. Three- and five-year survival increased by 28,7 and 16,3% respectively, and median survival–for 11 months. These patients may benefit from resection of the breast tumor. One explanation for the effect of this resection is that reducing the tumor load influences metastatic growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title="breast cancer">breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combination%20therapy" title=" combination therapy"> combination therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors%20of%20prognosis" title=" factors of prognosis"> factors of prognosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20tumor" title=" primary tumor"> primary tumor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20501/the-role-of-surgery-to-remove-the-primary-tumor-in-patients-with-metastatic-breast-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2180</span> Efficacy of Music for Improving Language in Children with Special Needs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louisa%20Han%20Lin%20Tan">Louisa Han Lin Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poh%20Sim%20Kang"> Poh Sim Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Ming%20Loi"> Wei Ming Loi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20Jane%20Rickard%20Liow"> Susan Jane Rickard Liow</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficacy of music for improving speech and language has been shown across ages and diagnoses. Across the world, the wide range of therapy settings and increasing number of children diagnosed with special needs demand more cost and time effective service delivery. However, research exploring co-treatment models on children other than those with Autism Spectrum Disorder remains sparse. The aim of this research was to determine the efficacy of music for improving language in children with special needs, and generalizability of therapy effects. 25 children (7 to 12 years) were split into three groups – A, B and control. A cross-over design with direct therapy (storytelling) with or without music, and indirect therapy was applied with two therapy phases lasting 6 sessions each. Therapy targeted three prepositions in each phase. Baseline language abilities were assessed, with re-assessment after each phase. The introduction of music in therapy led to significantly greater improvement (p=.046, r=.53) in associated language abilities, with case studies showing greater effectiveness in developmentally appropriate target prepositions. However, improvements were not maintained once direct therapy ceased. As such, the incorporation of music could lead to greater efficiency and effectiveness of language therapy in children with special needs, but sustainability and generalizability of therapy effects both require further exploration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title="music">music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20therapy" title=" language therapy"> language therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20needs" title=" special needs"> special needs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70066/efficacy-of-music-for-improving-language-in-children-with-special-needs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20suppressive%20therapy&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20suppressive%20therapy&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20suppressive%20therapy&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20suppressive%20therapy&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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